path: root/lib/ansible/modules/systemd.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Copyright: (c) 2016, Brian Coca <bcoca@ansible.com>
# GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)

from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
__metaclass__ = type


DOCUMENTATION = '''
module: systemd
author:
    - Ansible Core Team
version_added: "2.2"
short_description:  Manage systemd units
description:
    - Controls systemd units (services, timers, and so on) on remote hosts.
options:
    name:
        description:
            - Name of the unit. This parameter takes the name of exactly one unit to work with.
            - When no extension is given, it is implied to a C(.service) as systemd.
            - When using in a chroot environment you always need to specify the name of the unit with the extension. For example, C(crond.service).
        type: str
        aliases: [ service, unit ]
    state:
        description:
            - C(started)/C(stopped) are idempotent actions that will not run commands unless necessary.
              C(restarted) will always bounce the unit. C(reloaded) will always reload.
        type: str
        choices: [ reloaded, restarted, started, stopped ]
    enabled:
        description:
            - Whether the unit should start on boot. B(At least one of state and enabled are required.)
        type: bool
    force:
        description:
            - Whether to override existing symlinks.
        type: bool
        version_added: 2.6
    masked:
        description:
            - Whether the unit should be masked or not, a masked unit is impossible to start.
        type: bool
    daemon_reload:
        description:
            - Run daemon-reload before doing any other operations, to make sure systemd has read any changes.
            - When set to C(true), runs daemon-reload even if the module does not start or stop anything.
        type: bool
        default: no
        aliases: [ daemon-reload ]
    daemon_reexec:
        description:
            - Run daemon_reexec command before doing any other operations, the systemd manager will serialize the manager state.
        type: bool
        default: no
        aliases: [ daemon-reexec ]
        version_added: "2.8"
    scope:
        description:
            - Run systemctl within a given service manager scope, either as the default system scope C(system),
              the current user's scope C(user), or the scope of all users C(global).
            - "For systemd to work with 'user', the executing user must have its own instance of dbus started and accessible (systemd requirement)."
            - "The user dbus process is normally started during normal login, but not during the run of Ansible tasks.
              Otherwise you will probably get a 'Failed to connect to bus: no such file or directory' error."
            - The user must have access, normally given via setting the ``XDG_RUNTIME_DIR`` variable, see example below.

        type: str
        choices: [ system, user, global ]
        default: system
        version_added: "2.7"
    no_block:
        description:
            - Do not synchronously wait for the requested operation to finish.
              Enqueued job will continue without Ansible blocking on its completion.
        type: bool
        default: no
        version_added: "2.3"
notes:
    - Since 2.4, one of the following options is required C(state), C(enabled), C(masked), C(daemon_reload), (C(daemon_reexec) since 2.8),
      and all except C(daemon_reload) and (C(daemon_reexec) since 2.8) also require C(name).
    - Before 2.4 you always required C(name).
    - Globs are not supported in name, i.e ``postgres*.service``.
    - Supports C(check_mode).
requirements:
    - A system managed by systemd.
'''

EXAMPLES = '''
- name: Make sure a service unit is running
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    state: started
    name: httpd

- name: Stop service cron on debian, if running
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    name: cron
    state: stopped

- name: Restart service cron on centos, in all cases, also issue daemon-reload to pick up config changes
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    state: restarted
    daemon_reload: yes
    name: crond

- name: Reload service httpd, in all cases
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    name: httpd.service
    state: reloaded

- name: Enable service httpd and ensure it is not masked
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    name: httpd
    enabled: yes
    masked: no

- name: Enable a timer unit for dnf-automatic
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    name: dnf-automatic.timer
    state: started
    enabled: yes

- name: Just force systemd to reread configs (2.4 and above)
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    daemon_reload: yes

- name: Just force systemd to re-execute itself (2.8 and above)
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    daemon_reexec: yes

- name: Run a user service when XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is not set on remote login
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    name: myservice
    state: started
    scope: user
  environment:
    XDG_RUNTIME_DIR: "/run/user/{{ myuid }}"
'''

RETURN = '''
status:
    description: A dictionary with the key=value pairs returned from `systemctl show`.
    returned: success
    type: complex
    sample: {
            "ActiveEnterTimestamp": "Sun 2016-05-15 18:28:49 EDT",
            "ActiveEnterTimestampMonotonic": "8135942",
            "ActiveExitTimestampMonotonic": "0",
            "ActiveState": "active",
            "After": "auditd.service systemd-user-sessions.service time-sync.target systemd-journald.socket basic.target system.slice",
            "AllowIsolate": "no",
            "Before": "shutdown.target multi-user.target",
            "BlockIOAccounting": "no",
            "BlockIOWeight": "1000",
            "CPUAccounting": "no",
            "CPUSchedulingPolicy": "0",
            "CPUSchedulingPriority": "0",
            "CPUSchedulingResetOnFork": "no",
            "CPUShares": "1024",
            "CanIsolate": "no",
            "CanReload": "yes",
            "CanStart": "yes",
            "CanStop": "yes",
            "CapabilityBoundingSet": "18446744073709551615",
            "ConditionResult": "yes",
            "ConditionTimestamp": "Sun 2016-05-15 18:28:49 EDT",
            "ConditionTimestampMonotonic": "7902742",
            "Conflicts": "shutdown.target",
            "ControlGroup": "/system.slice/crond.service",
            "ControlPID": "0",
            "DefaultDependencies": "yes",
            "Delegate": "no",
            "Description": "Command Scheduler",
            "DevicePolicy": "auto",
            "EnvironmentFile": "/etc/sysconfig/crond (ignore_errors=no)",
            "ExecMainCode": "0",
            "ExecMainExitTimestampMonotonic": "0",
            "ExecMainPID": "595",
            "ExecMainStartTimestamp": "Sun 2016-05-15 18:28:49 EDT",
            "ExecMainStartTimestampMonotonic": "8134990",
            "ExecMainStatus": "0",
            "ExecReload": "{ path=/bin/kill ; argv[]=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID ; ignore_errors=no ; start_time=[n/a] ; stop_time=[n/a] ; pid=0 ; code=(null) ; status=0/0 }",
            "ExecStart": "{ path=/usr/sbin/crond ; argv[]=/usr/sbin/crond -n $CRONDARGS ; ignore_errors=no ; start_time=[n/a] ; stop_time=[n/a] ; pid=0 ; code=(null) ; status=0/0 }",
            "FragmentPath": "/usr/lib/systemd/system/crond.service",
            "GuessMainPID": "yes",
            "IOScheduling": "0",
            "Id": "crond.service",
            "IgnoreOnIsolate": "no",
            "IgnoreOnSnapshot": "no",
            "IgnoreSIGPIPE": "yes",
            "InactiveEnterTimestampMonotonic": "0",
            "InactiveExitTimestamp": "Sun 2016-05-15 18:28:49 EDT",
            "InactiveExitTimestampMonotonic": "8135942",
            "JobTimeoutUSec": "0",
            "KillMode": "process",
            "KillSignal": "15",
            "LimitAS": "18446744073709551615",
            "LimitCORE": "18446744073709551615",
            "LimitCPU": "18446744073709551615",
            "LimitDATA": "18446744073709551615",
            "LimitFSIZE": "18446744073709551615",
            "LimitLOCKS": "18446744073709551615",
            "LimitMEMLOCK": "65536",
            "LimitMSGQUEUE": "819200",
            "LimitNICE": "0",
            "LimitNOFILE": "4096",
            "LimitNPROC": "3902",
            "LimitRSS": "18446744073709551615",
            "LimitRTPRIO": "0",
            "LimitRTTIME": "18446744073709551615",
            "LimitSIGPENDING": "3902",
            "LimitSTACK": "18446744073709551615",
            "LoadState": "loaded",
            "MainPID": "595",
            "MemoryAccounting": "no",
            "MemoryLimit": "18446744073709551615",
            "MountFlags": "0",
            "Names": "crond.service",
            "NeedDaemonReload": "no",
            "Nice": "0",
            "NoNewPrivileges": "no",
            "NonBlocking": "no",
            "NotifyAccess": "none",
            "OOMScoreAdjust": "0",
            "OnFailureIsolate": "no",
            "PermissionsStartOnly": "no",
            "PrivateNetwork": "no",
            "PrivateTmp": "no",
            "RefuseManualStart": "no",
            "RefuseManualStop": "no",
            "RemainAfterExit": "no",
            "Requires": "basic.target",
            "Restart": "no",
            "RestartUSec": "100ms",
            "Result": "success",
            "RootDirectoryStartOnly": "no",
            "SameProcessGroup": "no",
            "SecureBits": "0",
            "SendSIGHUP": "no",
            "SendSIGKILL": "yes",
            "Slice": "system.slice",
            "StandardError": "inherit",
            "StandardInput": "null",
            "StandardOutput": "journal",
            "StartLimitAction": "none",
            "StartLimitBurst": "5",
            "StartLimitInterval": "10000000",
            "StatusErrno": "0",
            "StopWhenUnneeded": "no",
            "SubState": "running",
            "SyslogLevelPrefix": "yes",
            "SyslogPriority": "30",
            "TTYReset": "no",
            "TTYVHangup": "no",
            "TTYVTDisallocate": "no",
            "TimeoutStartUSec": "1min 30s",
            "TimeoutStopUSec": "1min 30s",
            "TimerSlackNSec": "50000",
            "Transient": "no",
            "Type": "simple",
            "UMask": "0022",
            "UnitFileState": "enabled",
            "WantedBy": "multi-user.target",
            "Wants": "system.slice",
            "WatchdogTimestampMonotonic": "0",
            "WatchdogUSec": "0",
        }
'''  # NOQA

import os

from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
from ansible.module_utils.facts.system.chroot import is_chroot
from ansible.module_utils.service import sysv_exists, sysv_is_enabled, fail_if_missing
from ansible.module_utils._text import to_native


def is_running_service(service_status):
    return service_status['ActiveState'] in set(['active', 'activating'])


def is_deactivating_service(service_status):
    return service_status['ActiveState'] in set(['deactivating'])


def request_was_ignored(out):
    return '=' not in out and ('ignoring request' in out or 'ignoring command' in out)


def parse_systemctl_show(lines):
    # The output of 'systemctl show' can contain values that span multiple lines. At first glance it
    # appears that such values are always surrounded by {}, so the previous version of this code
    # assumed that any value starting with { was a multi-line value; it would then consume lines
    # until it saw a line that ended with }. However, it is possible to have a single-line value
    # that starts with { but does not end with } (this could happen in the value for Description=,
    # for example), and the previous version of this code would then consume all remaining lines as
    # part of that value. Cryptically, this would lead to Ansible reporting that the service file
    # couldn't be found.
    #
    # To avoid this issue, the following code only accepts multi-line values for keys whose names
    # start with Exec (e.g., ExecStart=), since these are the only keys whose values are known to
    # span multiple lines.
    parsed = {}
    multival = []
    k = None
    for line in lines:
        if k is None:
            if '=' in line:
                k, v = line.split('=', 1)
                if k.startswith('Exec') and v.lstrip().startswith('{'):
                    if not v.rstrip().endswith('}'):
                        multival.append(v)
                        continue
                parsed[k] = v.strip()
                k = None
        else:
            multival.append(line)
            if line.rstrip().endswith('}'):
                parsed[k] = '\n'.join(multival).strip()
                multival = []
                k = None
    return parsed


# ===========================================
# Main control flow

def main():
    # initialize
    module = AnsibleModule(
        argument_spec=dict(
            name=dict(type='str', aliases=['service', 'unit']),
            state=dict(type='str', choices=['reloaded', 'restarted', 'started', 'stopped']),
            enabled=dict(type='bool'),
            force=dict(type='bool'),
            masked=dict(type='bool'),
            daemon_reload=dict(type='bool', default=False, aliases=['daemon-reload']),
            daemon_reexec=dict(type='bool', default=False, aliases=['daemon-reexec']),
            scope=dict(type='str', default='system', choices=['system', 'user', 'global']),
            no_block=dict(type='bool', default=False),
        ),
        supports_check_mode=True,
        required_one_of=[['state', 'enabled', 'masked', 'daemon_reload', 'daemon_reexec']],
        required_by=dict(
            state=('name', ),
            enabled=('name', ),
            masked=('name', ),
        ),
    )

    unit = module.params['name']
    if unit is not None:
        for globpattern in (r"*", r"?", r"["):
            if globpattern in unit:
                module.fail_json(msg="This module does not currently support using glob patterns, found '%s' in service name: %s" % (globpattern, unit))

    systemctl = module.get_bin_path('systemctl', True)

    if os.getenv('XDG_RUNTIME_DIR') is None:
        os.environ['XDG_RUNTIME_DIR'] = '/run/user/%s' % os.geteuid()

    ''' Set CLI options depending on params '''
    # if scope is 'system' or None, we can ignore as there is no extra switch.
    # The other choices match the corresponding switch
    if module.params['scope'] != 'system':
        systemctl += " --%s" % module.params['scope']

    if module.params['no_block']:
        systemctl += " --no-block"

    if module.params['force']:
        systemctl += " --force"

    rc = 0
    out = err = ''
    result = dict(
        name=unit,
        changed=False,
        status=dict(),
    )

    # Run daemon-reload first, if requested
    if module.params['daemon_reload'] and not module.check_mode:
        (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s daemon-reload" % (systemctl))
        if rc != 0:
            module.fail_json(msg='failure %d during daemon-reload: %s' % (rc, err))

    # Run daemon-reexec
    if module.params['daemon_reexec'] and not module.check_mode:
        (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s daemon-reexec" % (systemctl))
        if rc != 0:
            module.fail_json(msg='failure %d during daemon-reexec: %s' % (rc, err))

    if unit:
        found = False
        is_initd = sysv_exists(unit)
        is_systemd = False

        # check service data, cannot error out on rc as it changes across versions, assume not found
        (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s show '%s'" % (systemctl, unit))

        if rc == 0 and not (request_was_ignored(out) or request_was_ignored(err)):
            # load return of systemctl show into dictionary for easy access and return
            if out:
                result['status'] = parse_systemctl_show(to_native(out).split('\n'))

                is_systemd = 'LoadState' in result['status'] and result['status']['LoadState'] != 'not-found'

                is_masked = 'LoadState' in result['status'] and result['status']['LoadState'] == 'masked'

                # Check for loading error
                if is_systemd and not is_masked and 'LoadError' in result['status']:
                    module.fail_json(msg="Error loading unit file '%s': %s" % (unit, result['status']['LoadError']))

        # Workaround for https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/71528
        elif err and rc == 1 and 'Failed to parse bus message' in err:
            result['status'] = parse_systemctl_show(to_native(out).split('\n'))

            unit_base, sep, suffix = unit.partition('@')
            unit_search = '{unit_base}{sep}'.format(unit_base=unit_base, sep=sep)
            (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("{systemctl} list-unit-files '{unit_search}*'".format(systemctl=systemctl, unit_search=unit_search))
            is_systemd = unit_search in out

            (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("{systemctl} is-active '{unit}'".format(systemctl=systemctl, unit=unit))
            result['status']['ActiveState'] = out.rstrip('\n')

        else:
            # list taken from man systemctl(1) for systemd 244
            valid_enabled_states = [
                "enabled",
                "enabled-runtime",
                "linked",
                "linked-runtime",
                "masked",
                "masked-runtime",
                "static",
                "indirect",
                "disabled",
                "generated",
                "transient"]

            (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s is-enabled '%s'" % (systemctl, unit))
            if out.strip() in valid_enabled_states:
                is_systemd = True
            else:
                # fallback list-unit-files as show does not work on some systems (chroot)
                # not used as primary as it skips some services (like those using init.d) and requires .service/etc notation
                (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s list-unit-files '%s'" % (systemctl, unit))
                if rc == 0:
                    is_systemd = True
                else:
                    # Check for systemctl command
                    module.run_command(systemctl, check_rc=True)

        # Does service exist?
        found = is_systemd or is_initd
        if is_initd and not is_systemd:
            module.warn('The service (%s) is actually an init script but the system is managed by systemd' % unit)

        # mask/unmask the service, if requested, can operate on services before they are installed
        if module.params['masked'] is not None:
            # state is not masked unless systemd affirms otherwise
            (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s is-enabled '%s'" % (systemctl, unit))
            masked = out.strip() == "masked"

            if masked != module.params['masked']:
                result['changed'] = True
                if module.params['masked']:
                    action = 'mask'
                else:
                    action = 'unmask'

                if not module.check_mode:
                    (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s %s '%s'" % (systemctl, action, unit))
                    if rc != 0:
                        # some versions of system CAN mask/unmask non existing services, we only fail on missing if they don't
                        fail_if_missing(module, found, unit, msg='host')

        # Enable/disable service startup at boot if requested
        if module.params['enabled'] is not None:

            if module.params['enabled']:
                action = 'enable'
            else:
                action = 'disable'

            fail_if_missing(module, found, unit, msg='host')

            # do we need to enable the service?
            enabled = False
            (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s is-enabled '%s'" % (systemctl, unit))

            # check systemctl result or if it is a init script
            if rc == 0:
                enabled = True
            elif rc == 1:
                # if not a user or global user service and both init script and unit file exist stdout should have enabled/disabled, otherwise use rc entries
                if module.params['scope'] == 'system' and \
                        is_initd and \
                        not out.strip().endswith('disabled') and \
                        sysv_is_enabled(unit):
                    enabled = True

            # default to current state
            result['enabled'] = enabled

            # Change enable/disable if needed
            if enabled != module.params['enabled']:
                result['changed'] = True
                if not module.check_mode:
                    (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s %s '%s'" % (systemctl, action, unit))
                    if rc != 0:
                        module.fail_json(msg="Unable to %s service %s: %s" % (action, unit, out + err))

                result['enabled'] = not enabled

        # set service state if requested
        if module.params['state'] is not None:
            fail_if_missing(module, found, unit, msg="host")

            # default to desired state
            result['state'] = module.params['state']

            # What is current service state?
            if 'ActiveState' in result['status']:
                action = None
                if module.params['state'] == 'started':
                    if not is_running_service(result['status']):
                        action = 'start'
                elif module.params['state'] == 'stopped':
                    if is_running_service(result['status']) or is_deactivating_service(result['status']):
                        action = 'stop'
                else:
                    if not is_running_service(result['status']):
                        action = 'start'
                    else:
                        action = module.params['state'][:-2]  # remove 'ed' from restarted/reloaded
                    result['state'] = 'started'

                if action:
                    result['changed'] = True
                    if not module.check_mode:
                        (rc, out, err) = module.run_command("%s %s '%s'" % (systemctl, action, unit))
                        if rc != 0:
                            module.fail_json(msg="Unable to %s service %s: %s" % (action, unit, err))
            # check for chroot
            elif is_chroot(module) or os.environ.get('SYSTEMD_OFFLINE') == '1':
                module.warn("Target is a chroot or systemd is offline. This can lead to false positives or prevent the init system tools from working.")
            else:
                # this should not happen?
                module.fail_json(msg="Service is in unknown state", status=result['status'])

    module.exit_json(**result)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()