mod_substitute Perform search and replace operations on response bodies Extension mod_substitute.c substitute_module Available in Apache HTTP Server 2.2.7 and later

mod_substitute provides a mechanism to perform both regular expression and fixed string substitutions on response bodies.

 Substitute Pattern to filter the response content Substitute s/pattern/substitution/[infq] directory .htaccess FileInfo

The Substitute directive specifies a search and replace pattern to apply to the response body.

The meaning of the pattern can be modified by using any combination of these flags:

i
Perform a case-insensitive match.
n
By default the pattern is treated as a regular expression. Using the n flag forces the pattern to be treated as a fixed string.
f
The f flag causes mod_substitute to flatten the result of a substitution allowing for later substitutions to take place on the boundary of this one. This is the default.
q
The q flag causes mod_substitute to not flatten the buckets after each substitution. This can result in much faster response and a decrease in memory utilization, but should only be used if there is no possibility that the result of one substitution will ever match a pattern or regex of a subsequent one.
Example <Location /> AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
Substitute s/foo/bar/ni
 </Location>

If either the pattern or the substitution contain a slash character then an alternative delimiter should be used:

Example of using an alternate delimiter <Location /> AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
Substitute "s|<BR */?>|<br />|i" </Location>

Backreferences can be used in the comparison and in the substitution, when regular expressions are used, as illustrated in the following example:

Example of using backreferences and captures <Location /> AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
# "foo=k,bar=k" -> "foo/bar=k"
Substitute "s|foo=(\w+),bar=\1|foo/bar=$1" </Location>

A common use scenario for mod_substitute is the situation in which a front-end server proxies requests to a back-end server which returns HTML with hard-coded embedded URLs that refer to the back-end server. These URLs don't work for the end-user, since the back-end server is unreachable.

In this case, mod_substutite can be used to rewrite those URLs into something that will work from the front end:

Rewriting URLs embedded in proxied content ProxyPass /blog/ http://internal.blog.example.com
ProxyPassReverse /blog/ http://internal.blog.example.com/

Substitute "s|http://internal.blog.example.com/|http://www.example.com/blog/|i"

ProxyPassReverse modifies any Location (redirect) headers that are sent by the back-end server, and, in this example, Substitute takes care of the rest of the problem by fixing up the HTML response as well.