path: root/modules/http2/h2_push.c

/* Copyright 2015 greenbytes GmbH (https://www.greenbytes.de)
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include <apr_strings.h>
#include <apr_lib.h>

#include <httpd.h>
#include <http_core.h>
#include <http_log.h>

#include "h2_private.h"
#include "h2_h2.h"
#include "h2_util.h"
#include "h2_push.h"
#include "h2_request.h"
#include "h2_response.h"


typedef struct {
    const h2_request *req;
    apr_pool_t *pool;
    apr_array_header_t *pushes;
    const char *s;
    size_t slen;
    size_t i;
    
    const char *link;
    apr_table_t *params;
    char b[4096];
} link_ctx;

static int attr_char(char c) 
{
    switch (c) {
        case '!':
        case '#':
        case '$':
        case '&':
        case '+':
        case '-':
        case '.':
        case '^':
        case '_':
        case '`':
        case '|':
        case '~':
            return 1;
        default:
            return apr_isalnum(c);
    }
}

static int ptoken_char(char c) 
{
    switch (c) {
        case '!':
        case '#':
        case '$':
        case '&':
        case '\'':
        case '(':
        case ')':
        case '*':
        case '+':
        case '-':
        case '.':
        case '/':
        case ':':
        case '<':
        case '=':
        case '>':
        case '?':
        case '@':
        case '[':
        case ']':
        case '^':
        case '_':
        case '`':
        case '{':
        case '|':
        case '}':
        case '~':
            return 1;
        default:
            return apr_isalnum(c);
    }
}

static int skip_ws(link_ctx *ctx)
{
    char c;
    while (ctx->i < ctx->slen 
           && (((c = ctx->s[ctx->i]) == ' ') || (c == '\t'))) {
        ++ctx->i;
    }
    return (ctx->i < ctx->slen);
}

static int find_chr(link_ctx *ctx, char c, size_t *pidx)
{
    size_t j;
    for (j = ctx->i; j < ctx->slen; ++j) {
        if (ctx->s[j] == c) {
            *pidx = j;
            return 1;
        }
    } 
    return 0;
}

static int read_chr(link_ctx *ctx, char c)
{
    if (ctx->i < ctx->slen && ctx->s[ctx->i] == c) {
        ++ctx->i;
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

static char *mk_str(link_ctx *ctx, size_t end) 
{
    if (ctx->i < end) {
        return apr_pstrndup(ctx->pool, ctx->s + ctx->i, end - ctx->i);
    }
    return "";
}

static int read_qstring(link_ctx *ctx, char **ps)
{
    if (skip_ws(ctx) && read_chr(ctx, '\"')) {
        size_t end;
        if (find_chr(ctx, '\"', &end)) {
            *ps = mk_str(ctx, end);
            ctx->i = end + 1;
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static int read_ptoken(link_ctx *ctx, char **ps)
{
    if (skip_ws(ctx)) {
        size_t i;
        for (i = ctx->i; i < ctx->slen && ptoken_char(ctx->s[i]); ++i) {
            /* nop */
        }
        if (i > ctx->i) {
            *ps = mk_str(ctx, i);
            ctx->i = i;
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


static int read_link(link_ctx *ctx)
{
    if (skip_ws(ctx) && read_chr(ctx, '<')) {
        size_t end;
        if (find_chr(ctx, '>', &end)) {
            ctx->link = mk_str(ctx, end);
            ctx->i = end + 1;
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static int read_pname(link_ctx *ctx, char **pname)
{
    if (skip_ws(ctx)) {
        size_t i;
        for (i = ctx->i; i < ctx->slen && attr_char(ctx->s[i]); ++i) {
            /* nop */
        }
        if (i > ctx->i) {
            *pname = mk_str(ctx, i);
            ctx->i = i;
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static int read_pvalue(link_ctx *ctx, char **pvalue)
{
    if (skip_ws(ctx) && read_chr(ctx, '=')) {
        if (read_qstring(ctx, pvalue) || read_ptoken(ctx, pvalue)) {
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static int read_param(link_ctx *ctx)
{
    if (skip_ws(ctx) && read_chr(ctx, ';')) {
        char *name, *value = "";
        if (read_pname(ctx, &name)) {
            read_pvalue(ctx, &value); /* value is optional */
            apr_table_setn(ctx->params, name, value);
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static int read_sep(link_ctx *ctx)
{
    if (skip_ws(ctx) && read_chr(ctx, ',')) {
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

static void init_params(link_ctx *ctx) 
{
    if (!ctx->params) {
        ctx->params = apr_table_make(ctx->pool, 5);
    }
    else {
        apr_table_clear(ctx->params);
    }
}

static int same_authority(const h2_request *req, const apr_uri_t *uri)
{
    if (uri->scheme != NULL && strcmp(uri->scheme, req->scheme)) {
        return 0;
    }
    if (uri->hostinfo != NULL && strcmp(uri->hostinfo, req->authority)) {
        return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

static int set_header(void *ctx, const char *key, const char *value) 
{
    apr_table_setn(ctx, key, value);
    return 1;
}


static int add_push(link_ctx *ctx)
{
    /* so, we have read a Link header and need to decide
     * if we transform it into a push.
     */
    const char *rel = apr_table_get(ctx->params, "rel");
    if (rel && !strcmp("preload", rel)) {
        apr_uri_t uri;
        if (apr_uri_parse(ctx->pool, ctx->link, &uri) == APR_SUCCESS) {
            if (uri.path && same_authority(ctx->req, &uri)) {
                char *path;
                apr_table_t *headers;
                h2_request *req;
                h2_push *push;
                
                /* We only want to generate pushes for resources in the
                 * same authority than the original request.
                 * icing: i think that is wise, otherwise we really need to
                 * check that the vhost/server is available and uses the same
                 * TLS (if any) parameters.
                 */
                path = apr_uri_unparse(ctx->pool, &uri, APR_URI_UNP_OMITSITEPART);
                
                push = apr_pcalloc(ctx->pool, sizeof(*push));
                push->initiating_id = ctx->req->id;
                
                headers = apr_table_make(ctx->pool, 5);
                apr_table_do(set_header, headers, ctx->req->headers,
                             "User-Agent",
                             "Cache-Control",
                             "Accept-Language",
                             NULL);
                /* TODO: which headers do we add here?
                 */
                
                req = h2_request_createn(0, ctx->pool,
                                         ctx->req->method, 
                                         ctx->req->scheme,
                                         ctx->req->authority, 
                                         path, headers);
                h2_request_end_headers(req, ctx->pool, 1);
                push->req = req;
                
                if (!ctx->pushes) {
                    ctx->pushes = apr_array_make(ctx->pool, 5, sizeof(h2_push*));
                }
                APR_ARRAY_PUSH(ctx->pushes, h2_push*) = push;
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static void inspect_link(link_ctx *ctx, const char *s, size_t slen)
{
    /* RFC 5988 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5988#section-6.2.1>
      Link           = "Link" ":" #link-value
      link-value     = "<" URI-Reference ">" *( ";" link-param )
      link-param     = ( ( "rel" "=" relation-types )
                     | ( "anchor" "=" <"> URI-Reference <"> )
                     | ( "rev" "=" relation-types )
                     | ( "hreflang" "=" Language-Tag )
                     | ( "media" "=" ( MediaDesc | ( <"> MediaDesc <"> ) ) )
                     | ( "title" "=" quoted-string )
                     | ( "title*" "=" ext-value )
                     | ( "type" "=" ( media-type | quoted-mt ) )
                     | ( link-extension ) )
      link-extension = ( parmname [ "=" ( ptoken | quoted-string ) ] )
                     | ( ext-name-star "=" ext-value )
      ext-name-star  = parmname "*" ; reserved for RFC2231-profiled
                                    ; extensions.  Whitespace NOT
                                    ; allowed in between.
      ptoken         = 1*ptokenchar
      ptokenchar     = "!" | "#" | "$" | "%" | "&" | "'" | "("
                     | ")" | "*" | "+" | "-" | "." | "/" | DIGIT
                     | ":" | "<" | "=" | ">" | "?" | "@" | ALPHA
                     | "[" | "]" | "^" | "_" | "`" | "{" | "|"
                     | "}" | "~"
      media-type     = type-name "/" subtype-name
      quoted-mt      = <"> media-type <">
      relation-types = relation-type
                     | <"> relation-type *( 1*SP relation-type ) <">
      relation-type  = reg-rel-type | ext-rel-type
      reg-rel-type   = LOALPHA *( LOALPHA | DIGIT | "." | "-" )
      ext-rel-type   = URI
      
      and from <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5987>
      parmname      = 1*attr-char
      attr-char     = ALPHA / DIGIT
                       / "!" / "#" / "$" / "&" / "+" / "-" / "."
                       / "^" / "_" / "`" / "|" / "~"
     */

     ctx->s = s;
     ctx->slen = slen;
     ctx->i = 0;
     
     while (read_link(ctx)) {
        init_params(ctx);
        while (read_param(ctx)) {
            /* nop */
        }
        add_push(ctx);
        if (!read_sep(ctx)) {
            break;
        }
     }
}

static int head_iter(void *ctx, const char *key, const char *value) 
{
    if (!apr_strnatcasecmp("link", key)) {
        inspect_link(ctx, value, strlen(value));
    }
    return 1;
}

apr_array_header_t *h2_push_collect(apr_pool_t *p, const h2_request *req, 
                                    const h2_response *res)
{
    /* Collect push candidates from the request/response pair.
     * 
     * One source for pushes are "rel=preload" link headers
     * in the response.
     * 
     * TODO: This may be extended in the future by hooks or callbacks
     * where other modules can provide push information directly.
     */
    if (res->headers) {
        link_ctx ctx;
        
        memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
        ctx.req = req;
        ctx.pool = p;
    
        apr_table_do(head_iter, &ctx, res->headers, NULL);
        return ctx.pushes;
    }
    return NULL;
}