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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 10.0.0a2" />
<title>A2X(1)</title>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="./asciidoc.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*<![CDATA[*/
asciidoc.install();
/*]]>*/
</script>
</head>
<body style="max-width:70em">
<div id="layout-menu-box">
<div id="layout-menu">
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</div>
</div>
<div id="layout-content-box">
<div id="layout-banner">
  <div id="layout-title">AsciiDoc</div>
  <div id="layout-description">Text based document generation</div>
</div>
<div id="layout-content">
<div id="header">
<h1>
A2X(1) Manual Page
</h1>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>a2x -
   A toolchain manager for AsciiDoc (converts Asciidoc text files to other       file formats)
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>a2x</strong> [<em>OPTIONS</em>] <em>SOURCE_FILE</em></p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>A DocBook toolchain manager that translates an AsciiDoc text file
<em>SOURCE_FILE</em> to PDF, EPUB, DVI, PS, LaTeX, XHTML (single page or
chunked), man page, HTML Help or plain text formats using
<em><code>asciidoc(1)</code></em> and other applications (see <a href="#X1">REQUISITES section</a>).
<em>SOURCE_FILE</em> can also be a DocBook file with an .xml extension.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-a, --attribute</strong>=<em>ATTRIBUTE</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Set <code>asciidoc(1)</code> attribute value (shortcut for <strong>--asciidoc-opts</strong>=<em>"-a
  ATTRIBUTE"</em> option).
  This option may be specified more than once.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--asciidoc-opts</strong>=<em>ASCIIDOC_OPTS</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Additional <em><code>asciidoc(1)</code></em> options.
  This option may be specified more than once.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--conf-file</strong>=<em>CONF_FILE</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Load configuration file. See <a href="#X2">CONF FILES section</a>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-D, --destination-dir</strong>=<em>DESTINATION_DIR</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Output directory. Defaults to <em>SOURCE_FILE</em> directory. This option
  is only applicable to HTML and manpage based output formats (<em>chunked</em>, <em>epub</em>,
  <em>htmlhelp</em>, <em>xhtml</em>, <em>manpage</em>).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-d, --doctype</strong>=<em>DOCTYPE</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  DocBook document type: <em>article</em>, <em>manpage</em> or <em>book</em>.  Default
  document type is <em>article</em> unless the format is <em>manpage</em> (in which
  case it defaults to <em>manpage</em>).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-b, --backend</strong>=<em>BACKEND</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  <em>BACKEND</em> is the name of an installed backend plugin. When this
  option is specified <em>a2x</em> attempts to load a file name <em>a2x-backend.py</em>
  from the <em>BACKEND</em> plugin directory. It then converts the
  <em>SOURCE_FILE</em> to a <em>BACKEND</em> formatted output file using a global
  function defined in <em>a2x-backend.py</em> called <em>to_BACKEND</em>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-f, --format</strong>=<em>FORMAT</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Output formats: <em>chunked</em>, <em>docbook</em>, <em>dvi</em>, <em>epub</em>, <em>htmlhelp</em>,
  <em>manpage</em>, <em>pdf</em> (default), <em>ps</em>, <em>tex</em>, <em>text</em>, <em>xhtml</em>.
  The AsciiDoc <em>a2x-format</em> attribute value is set to <em>FORMAT</em>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-h, --help</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Print command-line syntax and program options to stdout.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--icons</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Use admonition or navigation icon images in output documents. The
  default behavior is to use text in place of icons.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--icons-dir</strong>=<em>PATH</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  A path (relative to output files) containing admonition
  and navigation icons. Defaults to <code>images/icons</code>.
  The <em>--icons</em> option is implicit if this option is used.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-k, --keep-artifacts</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Do not delete temporary build files.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--lynx</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Use <em>lynx(1)</em> (actually: the text-based browser defined by the <code>LYNX</code> config
  variable) when generating text formatted output. The default behavior is to
  use <em>w3m(1)</em> (actually: the text-based browser defined by the <code>W3M</code> config
  variable).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-L, --no-xmllint</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Do not check asciidoc output with <em>xmllint(1)</em>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>---epubcheck</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Check EPUB output with <em>epubcheck(1)</em>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-n, --dry-run</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Do not do anything just print what would have been done.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-r, --resource</strong>=<em>RESOURCE_SPEC</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Specify a resource.  This option may be specified more than once.
  See the <a href="#X3"><strong>RESOURCES</strong></a> section for more details.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-m, --resource-manifest</strong>=<em>FILE</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  <em>FILE</em> contains a list resources (one per line). Manifest <em>FILE</em>
  entries are formatted just like <strong>--resource</strong> option arguments.
  Environment variables and tilde home directories are allowed.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--stylesheet</strong>=<em>STYLESHEET</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  A space delimited list of one or more CSS stylesheet file names that
  are used to style HTML output generated by DocBook XSL Stylesheets.
  Defaults to <em>docbook-xsl.css</em>.  The stylesheets are processed in
  list order. The stylesheets must reside in a valid <a href="#X3">resource   file</a> location.  Applies to HTML formats: <em>xhtml</em>, <em>epub</em>,
  <em>chunked</em>, <em>htmlhelp</em> formats.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>-v, --verbose</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Print operational details to stderr.
  A second <strong>-v</strong> option applies the verbose option to toolchain commands.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--version</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Print program version to stdout.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--xsltproc-opts</strong>=<em>XSLTPROC_OPTS</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Additional <em>xsltproc(1)</em> options.
  This option may be specified more than once.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--xsl-file</strong>=<em>XSL_FILE</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Override the built-in XSL stylesheet with the custom XSL stylesheet
  <em>XSL_FILE</em>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--fop</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Use FOP to generate PDFs. The default behavior is to use
  <em>dblatex(1)</em>.  The <em>--fop</em> option is implicit if the <em>--fop-opts</em> option is
  used.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--fop-opts</strong>=<em>FOP_OPTS</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Additional <em>fop(1)</em> options. If this option is specified FOP is used
  to generate PDFs.
  This option may be specified more than once.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--dblatex-opts</strong>=<em>DBLATEX_OPTS</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Additional <em>dblatex(1)</em> options.
  This option may be specified more than once.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<strong>--backend-opts</strong>=<em>BACKEND_OPTS</em>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Options for the backend plugin specified by the <em>--backend</em> option.
  This option may be specified more than once.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Options can also be set in the AsciiDoc source file. If <em>SOURCE_FILE</em>
contains a comment line beginning with <strong>// a2x:</strong> then the remainder of
the line will be treated as <em>a2x</em> command-line options. For example:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>// a2x default options.
//    a2x: -dbook --epubcheck
// Suppress revision history in dblatex outputs.
//    a2x: --dblatex-opts "-P latex.output.revhistory=0"</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Options spanning multiple such comment lines will be concatenated.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Zero or more white space characters can appear between the leading
  <strong>//</strong> and <strong>a2x:</strong>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Command-line options take precedence over options set in the source
  file.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="X4">OUTPUT FILES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Output files are written to the directory specified by the
<strong>--destination-dir</strong> option. If no <strong>--destination-dir</strong> option is set
output files are written to the <em>SOURCE_FILE</em> directory.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Output files have the same name as the <em>SOURCE_FILE</em> but with an
appropriate file name extension: <code>.html</code> for <em>xhtml</em>; <code>.epub</code> for
<em>epub</em>; <code>.hhp</code> for <em>htmlhelp</em>; <code>.pdf</code> for <em>pdf</em>; <code>.text</code> for <em>text</em>,
<code>.xml</code> for <em>docbook</em>. By convention manpages have no <code>.man</code> extension
(man page section number only).  Chunked HTML directory names have a
<code>.chunked</code> extension; chunked HTML Help directory names have a
<code>.htmlhelp</code> extension.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Same named existing files are overwritten.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In addition to generating HTML files the <em>xhtml</em>, <em>epub</em>, <em>chunked</em>
and <em>htmlhelp</em> formats ensure <a href="#X3">resource files</a> are copied to
their correct destination directory locations.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="X3">RESOURCES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Resources are files (typically CSS and images) that are required by
HTML based outputs (<em>xhtml</em>, <em>epub</em>, <em>chunked</em>, <em>htmlhelp</em> formats).
<em>a2x</em> scans the generated HTML files and builds a list of required CSS
and image files. Additional resource files can be specified explicitly
using the <strong>--resource</strong> option.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>a2x</em> searches for resource files in the following locations in the
following order:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
The <em>SOURCE_FILE</em> directory.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Resource directories specified by the <strong>--resource</strong> option (searched
  recursively).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Resource directories specified by the <strong>--resource-manifest</strong> option
  (searched recursively in the order they appear in the manifest
  file).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The stock <code>images</code> and <code>stylesheets</code> directories in the
  <em><code>asciidoc(1)</code></em> configuration files directories (searched
  recursively).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The destination directory.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When a resource file is found it is copied to the correct relative
destination directory. Missing destination sub-directories are created
automatically.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are two distinct mechanisms for specifying additional resources:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
A resource directory which will be searched recursively for missing
  resource files.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
A resource file which will be copied to the output destination
  directory.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Resources are specified with <strong>--resource</strong> option values which can be
one of the following formats:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>&lt;resource_dir&gt;
&lt;resource_file&gt;[=&lt;destination_file&gt;]
.&lt;ext&gt;=&lt;mimetype&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Where:</p></div>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>&lt;resource_dir&gt;</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Specifies a directory (absolute or relative to the <em>SOURCE_FILE</em>)
  which is searched recursively for missing resource files.  To
  eliminate ambiguity the <code>&lt;resource_dir&gt;</code> name should end with a
  directory separator character.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>&lt;resource_file&gt;</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Specifies a resource file (absolute or relative to the
  <em>SOURCE_FILE</em>) which will be copied to <code>&lt;destination_file&gt;</code>. If
  <code>&lt;destination_file&gt;</code> is not specified then it is the same as the
  <code>&lt;resource_file&gt;</code>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>&lt;destination_file&gt;</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Specifies the destination of the copied source file. The
  <code>&lt;destination_file&gt;</code> path is relative to the destination directory
  (absolute paths are not allowed). The location of the destination
  directory depends on the output <em>FORMAT</em> (see the <a href="#X4"><strong>OUTPUT   FILES</strong></a> section for details):
</p>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
chunked, htmlhelp
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The chunked output directory.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
epub
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The archived <code>OEBPS</code> directory.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
xhtml
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The output <strong>DESTINATION_DIR</strong>.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>.&lt;ext&gt;=&lt;mimetype&gt;</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  When adding resources to EPUB files the mimetype is inferred from
  the <code>&lt;destination file&gt;</code> extension, if the mimetype cannot be
  guessed an error occurs. The <code>.&lt;ext&gt;=&lt;mimetype&gt;</code> resource syntax can
  be used to explicitly set mimetypes. <code>&lt;ext&gt;</code> is the file name
  extension, <code>&lt;mimetype&gt;</code> is the corresponding MIME type.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Resource option examples:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>--resource ../images/
--resource doc/README.txt=README.txt
--resource ~/images/tiger.png=images/tiger.png
--resource .ttf=application/x-font-ttf</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>a2x -f pdf doc/source-highlight-filter.txt</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Generates <code>doc/source-highlight-filter.pdf</code> file.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>a2x -f xhtml -D ../doc --icons -r ../images/ team.txt</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Creates HTML file <code>../doc/team.html</code>, uses admonition icons and
  recursively searches the <code>../images/</code> directory for any missing
  resources.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>a2x -f manpage doc/asciidoc.1.txt</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
  Generate <code>doc/asciidoc.1</code> manpage.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="X1">REQUISITES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>a2x</em> uses the following programs:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Asciidoc</strong>:
  <a href="https://asciidoc.org/">https://asciidoc.org/</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>xsltproc</strong>: (all formats except text):
  <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/">http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>DocBook XSL Stylesheets</strong> (all formats except text):
  <a href="https://github.com/docbook/xslt10-stylesheets">https://github.com/docbook/xslt10-stylesheets</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>dblatex</strong> (pdf, dvi, ps, tex formats):
  <a href="http://dblatex.sourceforge.net/">http://dblatex.sourceforge.net/</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>FOP</strong> (pdf format&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;alternative PDF file generator):
  <a href="https://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/">https://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>w3m</strong> (text format):
  <a href="http://w3m.sourceforge.net/index.en.html">http://w3m.sourceforge.net/index.en.html</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>Lynx</strong> (text format&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;alternative text file generator):
  <a href="https://invisible-island.net/lynx/">https://invisible-island.net/lynx/</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>epubcheck</strong> (epub format&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;EPUB file validator):
  <a href="https://github.com/w3c/epubcheck">https://github.com/w3c/epubcheck</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>See also the latest README file.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="X2">CONF FILES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>A configuration file contains executable Python code that overrides
the global configuration parameters in <code>a2x.py</code>.  Optional configuration
files are loaded in the following order:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
<code>a2x.conf</code> from the directory containing the <em>a2x.py</em> executable.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>a2x.conf</code> from the AsciiDoc global configuration directory.  Skip
  this step if we are executing a locally installed (non system wide)
  copy.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>a2x.conf</code> from the AsciiDoc <code>$HOME/.asciidoc</code> configuration
  directory.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The <em>CONF_FILE</em> specified in the <em>--conf-file</em> option.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Here are the default configuration file option values:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code># Optional environment variable dictionary passed to
# executing programs. If set to None the existing
# environment is used.
ENV = None

# External executables.
ASCIIDOC = 'asciidoc'
XSLTPROC = 'xsltproc'
DBLATEX = 'dblatex'         # pdf generation.
FOP = 'fop'                 # pdf generation (--fop option).
W3M = 'w3m'                 # primary text file generator.
LYNX = 'lynx'               # alternate text file generator.
XMLLINT = 'xmllint'         # Set to '' to disable.
EPUBCHECK = 'epubcheck'     # Set to '' to disable.
# External executable default options.
ASCIIDOC_OPTS = ''
BACKEND_OPTS = ''
DBLATEX_OPTS = ''
FOP_OPTS = ''
LYNX_OPTS = '-dump'
W3M_OPTS = '-dump -cols 70 -T text/html -no-graph'
XSLTPROC_OPTS = ''</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note, that it is possible to redefine <code>W3M</code> and <code>LYNX</code> to use different text-based
browsers, e.g. <em>links</em>: <a href="http://links.twibright.com/">http://links.twibright.com/</a> or
<em>elinks</em>: <a href="http://elinks.or.cz/">http://elinks.or.cz/</a>. <code>LYNX_OPTS</code> and <code>W3M_OPTS</code> can be used to pass
options to the selected browser. If these are defined they override the
respective defaults listed above (so don&#8217;t forget to include the <em>-dump</em> option
in your definition: this is mandatory at least with <em>w3m</em>, <em>lynx</em>, <em>links</em>, and
<em>elinks</em> in order to send the formatted text to stdout).</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_bugs">BUGS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>See the AsciiDoc distribution BUGS file.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_author">AUTHOR</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>a2x was originally written by Stuart Rackham. Many people have
contributed to it.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_resources">RESOURCES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/asciidoc/asciidoc-py3/">https://github.com/asciidoc/asciidoc-py3/</a></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Main web site: <a href="https://asciidoc.org/">https://asciidoc.org/</a></p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>asciidoc(1)</code></p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_copying">COPYING</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Copyright (C) 2002-2013 Stuart Rackham.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Copyright (C) 2013-2020 AsciiDoc Contributors.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Free use of this software is granted under the terms of the MIT license.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Version 9.0.5<br />
Last updated 2021-02-06 05:09:50 UTC<br />
AsciiDoc is a trademark of the Eclipse Foundation, Inc.
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