diff options
| author | Chet Ramey <chet.ramey@case.edu> | 2011-12-08 20:14:30 -0500 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Chet Ramey <chet.ramey@case.edu> | 2011-12-08 20:14:30 -0500 |
| commit | 8f714a7c33bc0b909d0e684645a851ef4346195d (patch) | |
| tree | b919e3450120c6505dce7b8d586a420d54139efc | |
| parent | 691aebcba30d177684f6cbb95e9377dfc598bda0 (diff) | |
| download | bash-8f714a7c33bc0b909d0e684645a851ef4346195d.tar.gz | |
commit bash-20090818 snapshot
72 files changed, 11476 insertions, 8679 deletions
diff --git a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog index 57d1e2dd..97d63dba 100644 --- a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog +++ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog @@ -8558,8 +8558,119 @@ print_cmd.c - new function xtrace_init, sets xtrace_fd == -1 and xtrace_fp = stderr - new function xtrace_set (fd, fp), sets xtrace_fd and xtrace_fp to the arguments + - new function xtrace_reset, handles closing old xtrace fd/fp and + moving them back to -1/stderr + - new function xtrace_fdchck, calls xtrace_reset if the fd passed as + an argument is xtrace_fd - change xtrace functions to fprintf to xtrace_fp instead of stderr shell.c - call xtrace_init() very early in main() +variables.c + - new special variable, BASH_XTRACEFD, holds file descriptor used for + set -x trace output. Inspired by suggestion from Bruce Korb + <bruce.korb@gmail.com> + +doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi} + - added description of new BASH_XTRACEFD variable + +redir.c + - add calls to xtrace_fdchk to the redirections that close file + descriptors, so we notice if we close BASH_XTRACEFD and compensate + accordingly (same places that call coproc_fdchk()) + + 8/18 + ---- +lib/readline/text.c + - change to _rl_replace_text to add error checks: start must be <= + end, and we don't call rl_insert_text if passed the empty string + +config.h.in + - add define for HAVE_ICONV, already found by intl autoconf + macros + - add define for HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET + +aclocal.m4 + - add check for locale_charset() to BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE + +lib/sh/fnxform.c + - new file with two public function: fnx_tofs and fnx_fromfs. + Primarily intended for use on MacOS X, they use iconv to convert + between whatever the current locale encoding is and "UTF-8-MAC", + a special encoding on OS X in which all characters are + decomposed unicode, as the HFS+ filesystem stores them. These + functions return a pointer to a local buffer, allocated once and + resized as necessary, to avoid too many allocations; callers + should not free the return value, since it may be the string + passed + +Makefile.in + - make sure LIBICONV is set by autoconf (@LIBICONV@) and added to + list of link libraries + +externs.h + - new extern declarations for fnx_fromfs and fnx_tofs + +lib/glob/glob.c + - convert the filename read using readdir() in glob_vector() using + fnx_fromfs and use that value in the call to strmatch. This + ensures that we're using the precomposed Unicode value of the + filename rather than the native decomposed form. Original bug + report from Len Lattanzi <llatanzi@apple.com>; fix inspired by + Guillaume Outters <guillaume.outters@free.fr> + + 8/19 + ---- +lib/readline/complete.c + - new completion hook: rl_filename_rewrite_hook, can rewrite or modify + filenames read from the filesystem before they are compared to the + word to be completed + +lib/readline/readline.h + - extern declaration for rl_filename_rewrite_hook + +lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi + - document rl_filename_rewrite_hook + +bashline.c + - new function, bash_filename_rewrite_hook, assigned to + rl_filename_rewrite_hook. Calls fnx_fromfs to convert from + filesystem format to "input" format. This makes completing + filenames with accented characters work on Mac OS X + + 8/20 + ---- +lib/readline/bind.c + - new bindable variable "skip-completed-text", bound to + _rl_skip_completed_text. If enabled, it means to note when + completing before the end of a word and skipping over characters + after rl_point that match in both the completion to be inserted + and the word being completed. It means that completing + `Makefile' with the cursor after the `e' results in `Makefile' + instead of `Makefilefile'. Inspired by an idea from Jared + Yanovich <phierunner@comcast.net> from back in 2004 + +lib/readline/rlprivate.h + - extern declaration for _rl_skip_completed_text + +lib/readline/complete.c + - implement semantics of _rl_skip_completed_text in insert_match: + skip characters in `replacement' that match chars in rl_line_buffer + from the start of the word to be completed + + 8/21 + ---- +error.c + - change parser_error to set last_command_exit_value to 2 before + calling exit_shell (if set -e is enabled), so any exit or ERR + trap gets the right value of $?. Suggestion from Stefano + Lattarini <stefano.lattarini@gmail.com> + +braces.c + - fix expand_seqterm so that a non-zero-prefixed term that's longer + than a zero-prefixed term determines the length of each term + in the brace-expanded sequence. This means that things like + {01..100} will have three digits in all the elements of the + expanded list. Fixes bug reported by Jeff Haemer + <jeffrey.haemer@gmail.com> diff --git a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog~ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog~ index 1239f001..1bb3a2e9 100644 --- a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog~ +++ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog~ @@ -8558,7 +8558,111 @@ print_cmd.c - new function xtrace_init, sets xtrace_fd == -1 and xtrace_fp = stderr - new function xtrace_set (fd, fp), sets xtrace_fd and xtrace_fp to the arguments + - new function xtrace_reset, handles closing old xtrace fd/fp and + moving them back to -1/stderr + - new function xtrace_fdchck, calls xtrace_reset if the fd passed as + an argument is xtrace_fd + - change xtrace functions to fprintf to xtrace_fp instead of stderr shell.c - call xtrace_init() very early in main() +variables.c + - new special variable, BASH_XTRACEFD, holds file descriptor used for + set -x trace output. Inspired by suggestion from Bruce Korb + <bruce.korb@gmail.com> + +doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi} + - added description of new BASH_XTRACEFD variable + +redir.c + - add calls to xtrace_fdchk to the redirections that close file + descriptors, so we notice if we close BASH_XTRACEFD and compensate + accordingly (same places that call coproc_fdchk()) + + 8/18 + ---- +lib/readline/text.c + - change to _rl_replace_text to add error checks: start must be <= + end, and we don't call rl_insert_text if passed the empty string + +config.h.in + - add define for HAVE_ICONV, already found by intl autoconf + macros + - add define for HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET + +aclocal.m4 + - add check for locale_charset() to BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE + +lib/sh/fnxform.c + - new file with two public function: fnx_tofs and fnx_fromfs. + Primarily intended for use on MacOS X, they use iconv to convert + between whatever the current locale encoding is and "UTF-8-MAC", + a special encoding on OS X in which all characters are + decomposed unicode, as the HFS+ filesystem stores them. These + functions return a pointer to a local buffer, allocated once and + resized as necessary, to avoid too many allocations; callers + should not free the return value, since it may be the string + passed + +Makefile.in + - make sure LIBICONV is set by autoconf (@LIBICONV@) and added to + list of link libraries + +externs.h + - new extern declarations for fnx_fromfs and fnx_tofs + +lib/glob/glob.c + - convert the filename read using readdir() in glob_vector() using + fnx_fromfs and use that value in the call to strmatch. This + ensures that we're using the precomposed Unicode value of the + filename rather than the native decomposed form. Original bug + report from Len Lattanzi <llatanzi@apple.com>; fix inspired by + Guillaume Outters <guillaume.outters@free.fr> + + 8/19 + ---- +lib/readline/complete.c + - new completion hook: rl_filename_rewrite_hook, can rewrite or modify + filenames read from the filesystem before they are compared to the + word to be completed + +lib/readline/readline.h + - extern declaration for rl_filename_rewrite_hook + +lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi + - document rl_filename_rewrite_hook + +bashline.c + - new function, bash_filename_rewrite_hook, assigned to + rl_filename_rewrite_hook. Calls fnx_fromfs to convert from + filesystem format to "input" format. This makes completing + filenames with accented characters work on Mac OS X + + 8/20 + ---- +lib/readline/bind.c + - new bindable variable "skip-completed-text", bound to + _rl_skip_completed_text. If enabled, it means to note when + completing before the end of a word and skipping over characters + after rl_point that match in both the completion to be inserted + and the word being completed. It means that completing + `Makefile' with the cursor after the `e' results in `Makefile' + instead of `Makefilefile'. Inspired by an idea from Jared + Yanovich <phierunner@comcast.net> from back in 2004 + +lib/readline/rlprivate.h + - extern declaration for _rl_skip_completed_text + +lib/readline/complete.c + - implement semantics of _rl_skip_completed_text in insert_match: + skip characters in `replacement' that match chars in rl_line_buffer + from the start of the word to be completed + + 8/21 + ---- +error.c + - change parser_error to set last_command_exit_value to 2 before + calling exit_shell (if set -e is enabled), so any exit or ERR + trap gets the right value of $?. Suggestion from Stefano + Lattarini <stefano.lattarini@gmail.com> @@ -386,6 +386,7 @@ lib/sh/fdprintf.c f lib/sh/fmtullong.c f lib/sh/fmtulong.c f lib/sh/fmtumax.c f +lib/sh/fnxform.c f lib/sh/fpurge.c f lib/sh/getcwd.c f lib/sh/getenv.c f diff --git a/Makefile.in b/Makefile.in index f690d11d..fae24367 100644 --- a/Makefile.in +++ b/Makefile.in @@ -213,7 +213,8 @@ SHLIB_SOURCE = ${SH_LIBSRC}/clktck.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/getcwd.c \ ${SH_LIBSRC}/zgetline.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscmp.c \ ${SH_LIBSRC}/casemod.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/uconvert.c \ ${SH_LIBSRC}/ufuncs.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/fdprintf.c \ - ${SH_LIBSRC}/input_avail.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscasecmp.c + ${SH_LIBSRC}/input_avail.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscasecmp.c \ + ${SH_LIBSRC}/fnxform.c SHLIB_LIB = -lsh SHLIB_LIBNAME = libsh.a @@ -347,6 +348,9 @@ INTL_INC = @INTL_INC@ LIBINTL_H = @LIBINTL_H@ +# libiconv +LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ + # tests LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LTLIBINTL = @LTLIBINTL@ @@ -394,7 +398,7 @@ BASHINCFILES = $(BASHINCDIR)/posixstat.h $(BASHINCDIR)/ansi_stdlib.h \ $(BASHINCDIR)/ocache.h LIBRARIES = $(SHLIB_LIB) $(READLINE_LIB) $(HISTORY_LIB) $(TERMCAP_LIB) $(GLOB_LIB) \ - $(TILDE_LIB) $(MALLOC_LIB) $(INTL_LIB) $(LOCAL_LIBS) + $(TILDE_LIB) $(MALLOC_LIB) $(INTL_LIB) $(LIBICONV) $(LOCAL_LIBS) LIBDEP = $(SHLIB_DEP) $(INTL_DEP) $(READLINE_DEP) $(HISTORY_DEP) $(TERMCAP_DEP) $(GLOB_DEP) \ $(TILDE_DEP) $(MALLOC_DEP) diff --git a/Makefile.in~ b/Makefile.in~ index 49bf1afe..d61e4504 100644 --- a/Makefile.in~ +++ b/Makefile.in~ @@ -213,7 +213,8 @@ SHLIB_SOURCE = ${SH_LIBSRC}/clktck.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/getcwd.c \ ${SH_LIBSRC}/zgetline.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscmp.c \ ${SH_LIBSRC}/casemod.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/uconvert.c \ ${SH_LIBSRC}/ufuncs.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/fdprintf.c \ - ${SH_LIBSRC}/input_avail.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscasecmp.c + ${SH_LIBSRC}/input_avail.c ${SH_LIBSRC}/mbscasecmp.c \ + ${SH_LIBSRC}/fnxform.c SHLIB_LIB = -lsh SHLIB_LIBNAME = libsh.a @@ -943,6 +944,7 @@ hashlib.o: quit.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h unwind_prot.h dispose_cmd.h hashlib.o: make_cmd.h subst.h sig.h pathnames.h externs.h input.o: config.h bashtypes.h ${BASHINCDIR}/filecntl.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixstat.h bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h input.o: command.h ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h general.h xmalloc.h input.h error.h externs.h +input.o: quit.h list.o: shell.h syntax.h config.h bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h command.h ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h error.h list.o: general.h xmalloc.h bashtypes.h variables.h arrayfunc.h conftypes.h array.h hashlib.h list.o: quit.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h unwind_prot.h dispose_cmd.h @@ -1046,7 +1048,7 @@ variables.o: make_cmd.h subst.h sig.h pathnames.h externs.h variables.o: flags.h execute_cmd.h mailcheck.h input.h $(DEFSRC)/common.h variables.o: findcmd.h bashhist.h hashcmd.h pathexp.h variables.o: pcomplete.h ${BASHINCDIR}/chartypes.h -variables.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/posixtime.h +variables.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/posixtime.h assoc.h version.o: conftypes.h patchlevel.h version.h xmalloc.o: config.h bashtypes.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h error.h @@ -1759,6 +1759,13 @@ if test $bash_cv_type_wint_t = yes; then AC_DEFINE(HAVE_WINT_T, 1, [systems should define this type here]) fi +if test "$am_cv_func_iconv" = yes; then + OLDLIBS="$LIBS" + LIBS="$LIBS $LIBICONV" + AC_CHECK_FUNCS(locale_charset) + LIBS="$OLDLIBS" +fi + ]) dnl need: prefix exec_prefix libdir includedir CC TERMCAP_LIB diff --git a/aclocal.m4~ b/aclocal.m4~ index 1e4097c2..da4de3e1 100644 --- a/aclocal.m4~ +++ b/aclocal.m4~ @@ -1693,6 +1693,7 @@ AC_CHECK_HEADERS(wchar.h) AC_CHECK_HEADERS(langinfo.h) AC_CHECK_FUNC(mbrlen, AC_DEFINE(HAVE_MBRLEN)) +AC_CHECK_FUNC(mbscasecmp, AC_DEFINE(HAVE_MBSCMP)) AC_CHECK_FUNC(mbscmp, AC_DEFINE(HAVE_MBSCMP)) AC_CHECK_FUNC(mbsrtowcs, AC_DEFINE(HAVE_MBSRTOWCS)) diff --git a/autom4te.cache/output.0 b/autom4te.cache/output.0 index b07f2d1d..5db1576a 100644 --- a/autom4te.cache/output.0 +++ b/autom4te.cache/output.0 @@ -18489,6 +18489,112 @@ _ACEOF fi +if test "$am_cv_func_iconv" = yes; then + OLDLIBS="$LIBS" + LIBS="$LIBS $LIBICONV" + +for ac_func in locale_charset +do +as_ac_var=`$as_echo "ac_cv_func_$ac_func" | $as_tr_sh` +{ $as_echo "$as_me:$LINENO: checking for $ac_func" >&5 +$as_echo_n "checking for $ac_func... " >&6; } +if { as_var=$as_ac_var; eval "test \"\${$as_var+set}\" = set"; }; then + $as_echo_n "(cached) " >&6 +else + cat >conftest.$ac_ext <<_ACEOF +/* confdefs.h. */ +_ACEOF +cat confdefs.h >>conftest.$ac_ext +cat >>conftest.$ac_ext <<_ACEOF +/* end confdefs.h. */ +/* Define $ac_func to an innocuous variant, in case <limits.h> declares $ac_func. + For example, HP-UX 11i <limits.h> declares gettimeofday. */ +#define $ac_func innocuous_$ac_func + +/* System header to define __stub macros and hopefully few prototypes, + which can conflict with char $ac_func (); below. + Prefer <limits.h> to <assert.h> if __STDC__ is defined, since + <limits.h> exists even on freestanding compilers. */ + +#ifdef __STDC__ +# include <limits.h> +#else +# include <assert.h> +#endif + +#undef $ac_func + +/* Override any GCC internal prototype to avoid an error. + Use char because int might match the return type of a GCC + builtin and then its argument prototype would still apply. */ +#ifdef __cplusplus +extern "C" +#endif +char $ac_func (); +/* The GNU C library defines this for functions which it implements + to always fail with ENOSYS. Some functions are actually named + something starting with __ and the normal name is an alias. */ +#if defined __stub_$ac_func || defined __stub___$ac_func +choke me +#endif + +int +main () +{ +return $ac_func (); + ; + return 0; +} +_ACEOF +rm -f conftest.$ac_objext conftest$ac_exeext +if { (ac_try="$ac_link" +case "(($ac_try" in + *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;; + *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;; +esac +eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:$LINENO: $ac_try_echo\"" +$as_echo "$ac_try_echo") >&5 + (eval "$ac_link") 2>conftest.er1 + ac_status=$? + grep -v '^ *+' conftest.er1 >conftest.err + rm -f conftest.er1 + cat conftest.err >&5 + $as_echo "$as_me:$LINENO: \$? = $ac_status" >&5 + (exit $ac_status); } && { + test -z "$ac_c_werror_flag" || + test ! -s conftest.err + } && test -s conftest$ac_exeext && { + test "$cross_compiling" = yes || + $as_test_x conftest$ac_exeext + }; then + eval "$as_ac_var=yes" +else + $as_echo "$as_me: failed program was:" >&5 +sed 's/^/| /' conftest.$ac_ext >&5 + + eval "$as_ac_var=no" +fi + +rm -rf conftest.dSYM +rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest_ipa8_conftest.oo \ + conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_ext +fi +ac_res=`eval 'as_val=${'$as_ac_var'} + $as_echo "$as_val"'` + { $as_echo "$as_me:$LINENO: result: $ac_res" >&5 +$as_echo "$ac_res" >&6; } +if test `eval 'as_val=${'$as_ac_var'} + $as_echo "$as_val"'` = yes; then + cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF +@%:@define `$as_echo "HAVE_$ac_func" | $as_tr_cpp` 1 +_ACEOF + +fi +done + + LIBS="$OLDLIBS" +fi + if test "$opt_static_link" != yes; then diff --git a/autom4te.cache/traces.0 b/autom4te.cache/traces.0 index 91fd638e..512976af 100644 --- a/autom4te.cache/traces.0 +++ b/autom4te.cache/traces.0 @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ m4trace:configure.in:51: -1- AC_SUBST_TRACE([host_os]) m4trace:configure.in:51: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^host_os$]) m4trace:configure.in:101: -2- _m4_warn([obsolete], [The macro `AC_HELP_STRING' is obsolete. You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:209: AC_HELP_STRING is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:1965: AM_PATH_LISPDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:1972: AM_PATH_LISPDIR is expanded from... configure.in:101: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:101: -1- AC_SUBST([EMACS]) m4trace:configure.in:101: -1- AC_SUBST_TRACE([EMACS]) @@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ m4trace:configure.in:505: -1- _m4_warn([obsolete], [The macro `AC_TRY_RUN' is ob You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2591: AC_TRY_RUN is expanded from... ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:1769: RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:1776: RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION is expanded from... configure.in:505: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:505: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([RL_READLINE_VERSION]) m4trace:configure.in:505: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^RL_READLINE_VERSION$]) @@ -766,8 +766,8 @@ m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_SUBST_TRACE([MSGMERGE]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^MSGMERGE$]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- _m4_warn([obsolete], [The macro `AC_OUTPUT_COMMANDS' is obsolete. You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/status.m4:1021: AC_OUTPUT_COMMANDS is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:3670: AM_PO_SUBDIRS is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:3677: AM_PO_SUBDIRS is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([off_t]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^off_t$]) @@ -827,9 +827,9 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2591: AC_TRY_RUN is ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2576: gt_INTDIV0 is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2583: gt_INTDIV0 is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([INTDIV0_RAISES_SIGFPE]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^INTDIV0_RAISES_SIGFPE$]) @@ -840,10 +840,10 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2469: AC_TRY_COMPILE ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2678: jm_AC_HEADER_INTTYPES_H is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:3979: jm_AC_TYPE_UINTMAX_T is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2685: jm_AC_HEADER_INTTYPES_H is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:3986: jm_AC_TYPE_UINTMAX_T is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([HAVE_INTTYPES_H_WITH_UINTMAX]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^HAVE_INTTYPES_H_WITH_UINTMAX$]) @@ -855,10 +855,10 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2469: AC_TRY_COMPILE ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:3949: jm_AC_HEADER_STDINT_H is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:3979: jm_AC_TYPE_UINTMAX_T is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:3956: jm_AC_HEADER_STDINT_H is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:3986: jm_AC_TYPE_UINTMAX_T is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([HAVE_STDINT_H_WITH_UINTMAX]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^HAVE_STDINT_H_WITH_UINTMAX$]) @@ -870,10 +870,10 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2526: AC_TRY_LINK is ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:4006: jm_AC_TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:3979: jm_AC_TYPE_UINTMAX_T is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:4013: jm_AC_TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:3986: jm_AC_TYPE_UINTMAX_T is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([HAVE_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^HAVE_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG$]) @@ -893,9 +893,9 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2469: AC_TRY_COMPILE ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2651: gt_HEADER_INTTYPES_H is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2658: gt_HEADER_INTTYPES_H is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([HAVE_INTTYPES_H]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^HAVE_INTTYPES_H$]) @@ -906,9 +906,9 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2469: AC_TRY_COMPILE ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2706: gt_INTTYPES_PRI is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2713: gt_INTTYPES_PRI is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([PRI_MACROS_BROKEN]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^PRI_MACROS_BROKEN$]) @@ -985,20 +985,20 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2526: AC_TRY_LINK is ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2484: AM_ICONV_LINK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2539: AM_ICONV is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2491: AM_ICONV_LINK is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2546: AM_ICONV is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- _m4_warn([obsolete], [The macro `AC_TRY_LINK' is obsolete. You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2526: AC_TRY_LINK is expanded from... ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2484: AM_ICONV_LINK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2539: AM_ICONV is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2491: AM_ICONV_LINK is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2546: AM_ICONV is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([HAVE_ICONV]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^HAVE_ICONV$]) @@ -1014,9 +1014,9 @@ m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- _m4_warn([obsolete], [The macro `AC_TRY_COMPILE' i You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2469: AC_TRY_COMPILE is expanded from... ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2539: AM_ICONV is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2546: AM_ICONV is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([ICONV_CONST]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^ICONV_CONST$]) @@ -1027,9 +1027,9 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2526: AC_TRY_LINK is ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2003: AM_LANGINFO_CODESET is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2010: AM_LANGINFO_CODESET is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET$]) @@ -1040,9 +1040,9 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2526: AC_TRY_LINK is ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2773: AM_LC_MESSAGES is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2362: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2780: AM_LC_MESSAGES is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2369: AM_INTL_SUBDIR is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([HAVE_LC_MESSAGES]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^HAVE_LC_MESSAGES$]) @@ -1059,21 +1059,21 @@ You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2526: AC_TRY_LINK is ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- _m4_warn([obsolete], [The macro `AC_TRY_LINK' is obsolete. You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2526: AC_TRY_LINK is expanded from... ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- _m4_warn([obsolete], [The macro `AC_TRY_LINK' is obsolete. You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2526: AC_TRY_LINK is expanded from... ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1993: AC_CACHE_CHECK is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:2074: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:2081: AM_GNU_GETTEXT is expanded from... configure.in:651: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([ENABLE_NLS]) m4trace:configure.in:651: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^ENABLE_NLS$]) @@ -1724,6 +1724,8 @@ m4trace:configure.in:804: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([HAVE_WINT_T]) m4trace:configure.in:804: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^HAVE_WINT_T$]) m4trace:configure.in:804: -1- AH_OUTPUT([HAVE_WINT_T], [/* systems should define this type here */ #undef HAVE_WINT_T]) +m4trace:configure.in:804: -1- AH_OUTPUT([HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET], [/* Define to 1 if you have the `locale_charset\' function. */ +#undef HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET]) m4trace:configure.in:808: -1- AH_OUTPUT([HAVE_LIBDL], [/* Define to 1 if you have the `dl\' library (-ldl). */ #undef HAVE_LIBDL]) m4trace:configure.in:808: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([HAVE_LIBDL]) @@ -1990,7 +1992,7 @@ m4trace:configure.in:885: -1- _m4_warn([obsolete], [The macro `AC_TRY_RUN' is ob You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2591: AC_TRY_RUN is expanded from... ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:1883: BASH_FUNC_CTYPE_NONASCII is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:1890: BASH_FUNC_CTYPE_NONASCII is expanded from... configure.in:885: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:885: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([CTYPE_NON_ASCII]) m4trace:configure.in:885: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^CTYPE_NON_ASCII$]) @@ -2348,7 +2350,7 @@ m4trace:configure.in:958: -1- _m4_warn([obsolete], [The macro `AC_TRY_RUN' is ob You should run autoupdate.], [../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:2591: AC_TRY_RUN is expanded from... ../../lib/m4sugar/m4sh.m4:508: AS_IF is expanded from... ../../lib/autoconf/general.m4:1973: AC_CACHE_VAL is expanded from... -aclocal.m4:1927: BASH_CHECK_WCONTINUED is expanded from... +aclocal.m4:1934: BASH_CHECK_WCONTINUED is expanded from... configure.in:958: the top level]) m4trace:configure.in:958: -1- AC_DEFINE_TRACE_LITERAL([WCONTINUED_BROKEN]) m4trace:configure.in:958: -1- m4_pattern_allow([^WCONTINUED_BROKEN$]) @@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ static int bash_backward_kill_shellword __P((int, int)); /* Helper functions for Readline. */ static char *restore_tilde __P((char *, char *)); +static char *bash_filename_rewrite_hook __P((char *, int)); static void bash_directory_expansion __P((char **)); static int bash_directory_completion_hook __P((char **)); static int filename_completion_ignore __P((char **)); @@ -501,6 +502,8 @@ initialize_readline () do other expansion on directory names. */ rl_directory_completion_hook = bash_directory_completion_hook; + rl_filename_rewrite_hook = bash_filename_rewrite_hook; + /* Tell the filename completer we want a chance to ignore some names. */ rl_ignore_some_completions_function = filename_completion_ignore; @@ -2659,6 +2662,20 @@ bash_directory_expansion (dirname) } } +/* If necessary, rewrite directory entry */ +static char * +bash_filename_rewrite_hook (fname, fnlen) + char *fname; + int fnlen; +{ + char *conv; + + conv = fnx_fromfs (fname, fnlen); + if (conv != fname) + conv = savestring (conv); + return conv; +} + /* Handle symbolic link references and other directory name expansions while hacking completion. */ static int diff --git a/bashline.c~ b/bashline.c~ index 109c5f7f..b5313351 100644 --- a/bashline.c~ +++ b/bashline.c~ @@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ static int bash_backward_kill_shellword __P((int, int)); /* Helper functions for Readline. */ static char *restore_tilde __P((char *, char *)); +static char *bash_filename_rewrite_hook __P((char *, int)); static void bash_directory_expansion __P((char **)); static int bash_directory_completion_hook __P((char **)); static int filename_completion_ignore __P((char **)); @@ -2659,6 +2660,20 @@ bash_directory_expansion (dirname) } } +/* If necessary, rewrite directory entry */ +static char * +bash_filename_rewrite_hook (fname, fnlen) + char *fname; + int fnlen; +{ + char *conv; + + conv = fnx_fromfs (fname, fnlen); + if (conv != fname) + conv = savestring (conv); + return conv; +} + /* Handle symbolic link references and other directory name expansions while hacking completion. */ static int @@ -2795,7 +2810,7 @@ build_history_completion_array () { for (i = 0; hlist[i]; i++) ; - for ( ; i > 0; i--) + for ( --i; i >= 0; i--) { /* Separate each token, and place into an array. */ tokens = history_tokenize (hlist[i]->line); @@ -451,6 +451,11 @@ expand_seqterm (text, tlen) width = rhs_l, lhs_t = ST_ZINT; if (rhs_l > 2 && rhs[0] == '-' && rhs[1] == '0' && width < rhs_l) width = rhs_l, lhs_t = ST_ZINT; + + if (width < lhs_l && lhs_t == ST_ZINT) + width = lhs_l; + if (width < rhs_l && lhs_t == ST_ZINT) + width = rhs_l; } result = mkseq (lhs_v, rhs_v, incr, lhs_t, width); diff --git a/braces.c~ b/braces.c~ new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6b034acb --- /dev/null +++ b/braces.c~ @@ -0,0 +1,682 @@ +/* braces.c -- code for doing word expansion in curly braces. */ + +/* Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + + This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell. + + Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify + it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by + the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or + (at your option) any later version. + + Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + GNU General Public License for more details. + + You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. +*/ + +/* Stuff in curly braces gets expanded before all other shell expansions. */ + +#include "config.h" + +#if defined (BRACE_EXPANSION) + +#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H) +# ifdef _MINIX +# include <sys/types.h> +# endif +# include <unistd.h> +#endif + +#include "bashansi.h" + +#if defined (SHELL) +# include "shell.h" +#endif /* SHELL */ + +#include "general.h" +#include "shmbutil.h" +#include "chartypes.h" + +#define brace_whitespace(c) (!(c) || (c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t' || (c) == '\n') + +#define BRACE_SEQ_SPECIFIER ".." + +extern int asprintf __P((char **, const char *, ...)) __attribute__((__format__ (printf, 2, 3))); + +/* Basic idea: + + Segregate the text into 3 sections: preamble (stuff before an open brace), + postamble (stuff after the matching close brace) and amble (stuff after + preamble, and before postamble). Expand amble, and then tack on the + expansions to preamble. Expand postamble, and tack on the expansions to + the result so far. + */ + +/* The character which is used to separate arguments. */ +static const int brace_arg_separator = ','; + +#if defined (__P) +static int brace_gobbler __P((char *, size_t, int *, int)); +static char **expand_amble __P((char *, size_t, int)); +static char **expand_seqterm __P((char *, size_t)); +static char **mkseq __P((int, int, int, int, int)); +static char **array_concat __P((char **, char **)); +#else +static int brace_gobbler (); +static char **expand_amble (); +static char **expand_seqterm (); +static char **mkseq(); +static char **array_concat (); +#endif + +#if 0 +static void +dump_result (a) + char **a; +{ + int i; + + for (i = 0; a[i]; i++) + printf ("dump_result: a[%d] = -%s-\n", i, a[i]); +} +#endif + +/* Return an array of strings; the brace expansion of TEXT. */ +char ** +brace_expand (text) + char *text; +{ + register int start; + size_t tlen; + char *preamble, *postamble, *amble; + size_t alen; + char **tack, **result; + int i, j, c, c1; + + DECLARE_MBSTATE; + + /* Find the text of the preamble. */ + tlen = strlen (text); + i = 0; +#if defined (CSH_BRACE_COMPAT) + c = brace_gobbler (text, tlen, &i, '{'); /* } */ +#else + /* Make sure that when we exit this loop, c == 0 or text[i] begins a + valid brace expansion sequence. */ + do + { + c = brace_gobbler (text, tlen, &i, '{'); /* } */ + c1 = c; + /* Verify that c begins a valid brace expansion word. If it doesn't, we + go on. Loop stops when there are no more open braces in the word. */ + if (c) + { + start = j = i + 1; /* { */ + c = brace_gobbler (text, tlen, &j, '}'); + if (c == 0) /* it's not */ + { + i++; + c = c1; + continue; + } + else /* it is */ + { + c = c1; + break; + } + } + else + break; + } + while (c); +#endif /* !CSH_BRACE_COMPAT */ + + preamble = (char *)xmalloc (i + 1); + strncpy (preamble, text, i); + preamble[i] = '\0'; + + result = (char **)xmalloc (2 * sizeof (char *)); + result[0] = preamble; + result[1] = (char *)NULL; + + /* Special case. If we never found an exciting character, then + the preamble is all of the text, so just return that. */ + if (c != '{') + return (result); + + /* Find the amble. This is the stuff inside this set of braces. */ + start = ++i; + c = brace_gobbler (text, tlen, &i, '}'); + + /* What if there isn't a matching close brace? */ + if (c == 0) + { +#if defined (NOTDEF) + /* Well, if we found an unquoted BRACE_ARG_SEPARATOR between START + and I, then this should be an error. Otherwise, it isn't. */ + j = start; + while (j < i) + { + if (text[j] == '\\') + { + j++; + ADVANCE_CHAR (text, tlen, j); + continue; + } + + if (text[j] == brace_arg_separator) + { /* { */ + strvec_dispose (result); + report_error ("no closing `%c' in %s", '}', text); + throw_to_top_level (); + } + ADVANCE_CHAR (text, tlen, j); + } +#endif + free (preamble); /* Same as result[0]; see initialization. */ + result[0] = savestring (text); + return (result); + } + +#if defined (SHELL) + amble = substring (text, start, i); + alen = i - start; +#else + amble = (char *)xmalloc (1 + (i - start)); + strncpy (amble, &text[start], (i - start)); + alen = i - start; + amble[alen] = '\0'; +#endif + +#if defined (SHELL) + INITIALIZE_MBSTATE; + + /* If the amble does not contain an unquoted BRACE_ARG_SEPARATOR, then + just return without doing any expansion. */ + j = 0; + while (amble[j]) + { + if (amble[j] == '\\') + { + j++; + ADVANCE_CHAR (amble, alen, j); + continue; + } + + if (amble[j] == brace_arg_separator) + break; + + ADVANCE_CHAR (amble, alen, j); + } + + if (amble[j] == 0) + { + tack = expand_seqterm (amble, alen); + if (tack) + goto add_tack; + else + { + free (amble); + free (preamble); + result[0] = savestring (text); + return (result); + } + } +#endif /* SHELL */ + + tack = expand_amble (amble, alen, 0); +add_tack: + result = array_concat (result, tack); + free (amble); + strvec_dispose (tack); + + postamble = text + i + 1; + + tack = brace_expand (postamble); + result = array_concat (result, tack); + strvec_dispose (tack); + + return (result); +} + +/* Expand the text found inside of braces. We simply try to split the + text at BRACE_ARG_SEPARATORs into separate strings. We then brace + expand each slot which needs it, until there are no more slots which + need it. */ +static char ** +expand_amble (text, tlen, flags) + char *text; + size_t tlen; + int flags; +{ + char **result, **partial; + char *tem; + int start, i, c; + + DECLARE_MBSTATE; + + result = (char **)NULL; + + start = i = 0; + c = 1; + while (c) + { + c = brace_gobbler (text, tlen, &i, brace_arg_separator); +#if defined (SHELL) + tem = substring (text, start, i); +#else + tem = (char *)xmalloc (1 + (i - start)); + strncpy (tem, &text[start], (i - start)); + tem[i- start] = '\0'; +#endif + + partial = brace_expand (tem); + + if (!result) + result = partial; + else + { + register int lr, lp, j; + + lr = strvec_len (result); + lp = strvec_len (partial); + + result = strvec_resize (result, lp + lr + 1); + + for (j = 0; j < lp; j++) + result[lr + j] = partial[j]; + + result[lr + j] = (char *)NULL; + free (partial); + } + free (tem); + ADVANCE_CHAR (text, tlen, i); + start = i; + } + return (result); +} + +#define ST_BAD 0 +#define ST_INT 1 +#define ST_CHAR 2 +#define ST_ZINT 3 + +static char ** +mkseq (start, end, incr, type, width) + int start, end, incr, type, width; +{ + int n, i; + char **result, *t; + + n = abs (end - start) + 1; + result = strvec_create (n + 1); + + if (incr == 0) + incr = 1; + + if (start > end && incr > 0) + incr = -incr; + else if (start < end && incr < 0) + incr = -incr; + + /* Make sure we go through the loop at least once, so {3..3} prints `3' */ + i = 0; + n = start; + do + { +#if defined (SHELL) + QUIT; /* XXX - memory leak here */ +#endif + if (type == ST_INT) + result[i++] = itos (n); + else if (type == ST_ZINT) + { + int len; + len = asprintf (&t, "%0*d", width, n); + result[i++] = t; + } + else + { + t = (char *)xmalloc (2); + t[0] = n; + t[1] = '\0'; + result[i++] = t; + } + n += incr; + if ((incr < 0 && n < end) || (incr > 0 && n > end)) + break; + } + while (1); + + result[i] = (char *)0; + return (result); +} + +static char ** +expand_seqterm (text, tlen) + char *text; + size_t tlen; +{ + char *t, *lhs, *rhs; + int i, lhs_t, rhs_t, lhs_v, rhs_v, incr, lhs_l, rhs_l, width; + intmax_t tl, tr; + char **result, *ep, *oep; + + t = strstr (text, BRACE_SEQ_SPECIFIER); + if (t == 0) + return ((char **)NULL); + + lhs_l = t - text; /* index of start of BRACE_SEQ_SPECIFIER */ + lhs = substring (text, 0, lhs_l); + rhs = substring (text, lhs_l + sizeof(BRACE_SEQ_SPECIFIER) - 1, tlen); + + if (lhs[0] == 0 || rhs[0] == 0) + { + free (lhs); + free (rhs); + return ((char **)NULL); + } + + /* Now figure out whether LHS and RHS are integers or letters. Both + sides have to match. */ + lhs_t = (legal_number (lhs, &tl)) ? ST_INT : + ((ISALPHA (lhs[0]) && lhs[1] == 0) ? ST_CHAR : ST_BAD); + + /* Decide on rhs and whether or not it looks like the user specified + an increment */ + ep = 0; + if (ISDIGIT (rhs[0]) || ((rhs[0] == '+' || rhs[0] == '-') && ISDIGIT (rhs[1]))) + { + rhs_t = ST_INT; + tr = strtoimax (rhs, &ep, 10); + if (ep && *ep != 0 && *ep != '.') + rhs_t = ST_BAD; /* invalid */ + } + else if (ISALPHA (rhs[0]) && (rhs[1] == 0 || rhs[1] == '.')) + { + rhs_t = ST_CHAR; + ep = rhs + 1; + } + else + { + rhs_t = ST_BAD; + ep = 0; + } + + incr = 1; + if (rhs_t != ST_BAD) + { + oep = ep; + if (ep && *ep == '.' && ep[1] == '.' && ep[2]) + incr = strtoimax (ep + 2, &ep, 10); + if (*ep != 0) + rhs_t = ST_BAD; /* invalid incr */ + tlen -= ep - oep; + } + + if (lhs_t != rhs_t || lhs_t == ST_BAD || rhs_t == ST_BAD) + { + free (lhs); + free (rhs); + return ((char **)NULL); + } + + /* OK, we have something. It's either a sequence of integers, ascending + or descending, or a sequence or letters, ditto. Generate the sequence, + put it into a string vector, and return it. */ + + if (lhs_t == ST_CHAR) + { + lhs_v = (unsigned char)lhs[0]; + rhs_v = (unsigned char)rhs[0]; + width = 1; + } + else + { + lhs_v = tl; /* integer truncation */ + rhs_v = tr; + + /* Decide whether or not the terms need zero-padding */ + rhs_l = tlen - lhs_l - sizeof (BRACE_SEQ_SPECIFIER) + 1; + width = 0; + if (lhs_l > 1 && lhs[0] == '0') + width = lhs_l, lhs_t = ST_ZINT; + if (lhs_l > 2 && lhs[0] == '-' && lhs[1] == '0') + width = lhs_l, lhs_t = ST_ZINT; + if (rhs_l > 1 && rhs[0] == '0' && width < rhs_l) + width = rhs_l, lhs_t = ST_ZINT; + if (rhs_l > 2 && rhs[0] == '-' && rhs[1] == '0' && width < rhs_l) + width = rhs_l, lhs_t = ST_ZINT; + } + + result = mkseq (lhs_v, rhs_v, incr, lhs_t, width); + + free (lhs); + free (rhs); + + return (result); +} + +/* Start at INDEX, and skip characters in TEXT. Set INDEX to the + index of the character matching SATISFY. This understands about + quoting. Return the character that caused us to stop searching; + this is either the same as SATISFY, or 0. */ +/* If SATISFY is `}', we are looking for a brace expression, so we + should enforce the rules that govern valid brace expansions: + 1) to count as an arg separator, a comma or `..' has to be outside + an inner set of braces. +*/ +static int +brace_gobbler (text, tlen, indx, satisfy) + char *text; + size_t tlen; + int *indx; + int satisfy; +{ + register int i, c, quoted, level, commas, pass_next; +#if defined (SHELL) + int si; + char *t; +#endif + DECLARE_MBSTATE; + + level = quoted = pass_next = 0; +#if defined (CSH_BRACE_COMPAT) + commas = 1; +#else + commas = (satisfy == '}') ? 0 : 1; +#endif + + i = *indx; + while (c = text[i]) + { + if (pass_next) + { + pass_next = 0; + ADVANCE_CHAR (text, tlen, i); + continue; + } + + /* A backslash escapes the next character. This allows backslash to + escape the quote character in a double-quoted string. */ + if (c == '\\' && (quoted == 0 || quoted == '"' || quoted == '`')) + { + pass_next = 1; + i++; + continue; + } + +#if defined (SHELL) + /* If compiling for the shell, treat ${...} like \{...} */ + if (c == '$' && text[i+1] == '{' && quoted != '\'') /* } */ + { + pass_next = 1; + i++; + if (quoted == 0) + level++; + continue; + } +#endif + + if (quoted) + { + if (c == quoted) + quoted = 0; + ADVANCE_CHAR (text, tlen, i); + continue; + } + + if (c == '"' || c == '\'' || c == '`') + { + quoted = c; + i++; + continue; + } + +#if defined (SHELL) + /* Pass new-style command and process substitutions through unchanged. */ + if ((c == '$' || c == '<' || c == '>') && text[i+1] == '(') /* ) */ + { + si = i + 2; + t = extract_command_subst (text, &si, 0); + i = si; + free (t); + i++; + continue; + } +#endif + + if (c == satisfy && level == 0 && quoted == 0 && commas > 0) + { + /* We ignore an open brace surrounded by whitespace, and also + an open brace followed immediately by a close brace preceded + by whitespace. */ + if (c == '{' && + ((!i || brace_whitespace (text[i - 1])) && + (brace_whitespace (text[i + 1]) || text[i + 1] == '}'))) + { + i++; + continue; + } + + break; + } + + if (c == '{') + level++; + else if (c == '}' && level) + level--; +#if !defined (CSH_BRACE_COMPAT) + else if (satisfy == '}' && c == brace_arg_separator && level == 0) + commas++; + else if (satisfy == '}' && STREQN (text+i, BRACE_SEQ_SPECIFIER, 2) && + text[i+2] != satisfy && level == 0) + commas++; +#endif + + ADVANCE_CHAR (text, tlen, i); + } + + *indx = i; + return (c); +} + +/* Return a new array of strings which is the result of appending each + string in ARR2 to each string in ARR1. The resultant array is + len (arr1) * len (arr2) long. For convenience, ARR1 (and its contents) + are free ()'ed. ARR1 can be NULL, in that case, a new version of ARR2 + is returned. */ +static char ** +array_concat (arr1, arr2) + char **arr1, **arr2; +{ + register int i, j, len, len1, len2; + register char **result; + + if (arr1 == 0) + return (strvec_copy (arr2)); + + if (arr2 == 0) + return (strvec_copy (arr1)); + + len1 = strvec_len (arr1); + len2 = strvec_len (arr2); + + result = (char **)xmalloc ((1 + (len1 * len2)) * sizeof (char *)); + + len = 0; + for (i = 0; i < len1; i++) + { + int strlen_1 = strlen (arr1[i]); + + for (j = 0; j < len2; j++) + { + result[len] = (char *)xmalloc (1 + strlen_1 + strlen (arr2[j])); + strcpy (result[len], arr1[i]); + strcpy (result[len] + strlen_1, arr2[j]); + len++; + } + free (arr1[i]); + } + free (arr1); + + result[len] = (char *)NULL; + return (result); +} + +#if defined (TEST) +#include <stdio.h> + +fatal_error (format, arg1, arg2) + char *format, *arg1, *arg2; +{ + report_error (format, arg1, arg2); + exit (1); +} + +report_error (format, arg1, arg2) + char *format, *arg1, *arg2; +{ + fprintf (stderr, format, arg1, arg2); + fprintf (stderr, "\n"); +} + +main () +{ + char example[256]; + + for (;;) + { + char **result; + int i; + + fprintf (stderr, "brace_expand> "); + + if ((!fgets (example, 256, stdin)) || + (strncmp (example, "quit", 4) == 0)) + break; + + if (strlen (example)) + example[strlen (example) - 1] = '\0'; + + result = brace_expand (example); + + for (i = 0; result[i]; i++) + printf ("%s\n", result[i]); + + free_array (result); + } +} + +/* + * Local variables: + * compile-command: "gcc -g -Bstatic -DTEST -o brace_expand braces.c general.o" + * end: + */ + +#endif /* TEST */ +#endif /* BRACE_EXPANSION */ diff --git a/config.h.in b/config.h.in index 499b5542..07352dd4 100644 --- a/config.h.in +++ b/config.h.in @@ -498,6 +498,8 @@ /* Define if you have the /dev/stdin device. */ #undef HAVE_DEV_STDIN +/* The type of iconv's `inbuf' argument */ +#undef ICONV_CONST /* Type and behavior of signal handling functions. */ @@ -612,6 +614,9 @@ /* Define if you have the getwd function. */ #undef HAVE_GETWD +/* Define if you have the iconv function. */ +#undef HAVE_ICONV + /* Define if you have the inet_aton function. */ #undef HAVE_INET_ATON @@ -657,6 +662,9 @@ /* Define if you have the lstat function. */ #undef HAVE_LSTAT +/* Define if you have the locale_charset function. */ +#undef HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET + /* Define if you have the mbrlen function. */ #undef HAVE_MBRLEN diff --git a/config.h.in~ b/config.h.in~ index 090e9412..5f28b503 100644 --- a/config.h.in~ +++ b/config.h.in~ @@ -115,6 +115,10 @@ pattern matching. */ #undef EXTENDED_GLOB +/* Define EXTGLOB_DEFAULT to the value you'd like the extglob shell option + to have by default */ +#undef EXTGLOB_DEFAULT + /* Define COND_COMMAND if you want the ksh-style [[...]] conditional command. */ #undef COND_COMMAND @@ -494,6 +498,8 @@ /* Define if you have the /dev/stdin device. */ #undef HAVE_DEV_STDIN +/* The type of iconv's `inbuf' argument */ +#undef ICONV_CONST /* Type and behavior of signal handling functions. */ @@ -608,6 +614,9 @@ /* Define if you have the getwd function. */ #undef HAVE_GETWD +/* Define if you have the iconv function. */ +#undef HAVE_ICONV + /* Define if you have the inet_aton function. */ #undef HAVE_INET_ATON @@ -18489,6 +18489,112 @@ _ACEOF fi +if test "$am_cv_func_iconv" = yes; then + OLDLIBS="$LIBS" + LIBS="$LIBS $LIBICONV" + +for ac_func in locale_charset +do +as_ac_var=`$as_echo "ac_cv_func_$ac_func" | $as_tr_sh` +{ $as_echo "$as_me:$LINENO: checking for $ac_func" >&5 +$as_echo_n "checking for $ac_func... " >&6; } +if { as_var=$as_ac_var; eval "test \"\${$as_var+set}\" = set"; }; then + $as_echo_n "(cached) " >&6 +else + cat >conftest.$ac_ext <<_ACEOF +/* confdefs.h. */ +_ACEOF +cat confdefs.h >>conftest.$ac_ext +cat >>conftest.$ac_ext <<_ACEOF +/* end confdefs.h. */ +/* Define $ac_func to an innocuous variant, in case <limits.h> declares $ac_func. + For example, HP-UX 11i <limits.h> declares gettimeofday. */ +#define $ac_func innocuous_$ac_func + +/* System header to define __stub macros and hopefully few prototypes, + which can conflict with char $ac_func (); below. + Prefer <limits.h> to <assert.h> if __STDC__ is defined, since + <limits.h> exists even on freestanding compilers. */ + +#ifdef __STDC__ +# include <limits.h> +#else +# include <assert.h> +#endif + +#undef $ac_func + +/* Override any GCC internal prototype to avoid an error. + Use char because int might match the return type of a GCC + builtin and then its argument prototype would still apply. */ +#ifdef __cplusplus +extern "C" +#endif +char $ac_func (); +/* The GNU C library defines this for functions which it implements + to always fail with ENOSYS. Some functions are actually named + something starting with __ and the normal name is an alias. */ +#if defined __stub_$ac_func || defined __stub___$ac_func +choke me +#endif + +int +main () +{ +return $ac_func (); + ; + return 0; +} +_ACEOF +rm -f conftest.$ac_objext conftest$ac_exeext +if { (ac_try="$ac_link" +case "(($ac_try" in + *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;; + *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;; +esac +eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:$LINENO: $ac_try_echo\"" +$as_echo "$ac_try_echo") >&5 + (eval "$ac_link") 2>conftest.er1 + ac_status=$? + grep -v '^ *+' conftest.er1 >conftest.err + rm -f conftest.er1 + cat conftest.err >&5 + $as_echo "$as_me:$LINENO: \$? = $ac_status" >&5 + (exit $ac_status); } && { + test -z "$ac_c_werror_flag" || + test ! -s conftest.err + } && test -s conftest$ac_exeext && { + test "$cross_compiling" = yes || + $as_test_x conftest$ac_exeext + }; then + eval "$as_ac_var=yes" +else + $as_echo "$as_me: failed program was:" >&5 +sed 's/^/| /' conftest.$ac_ext >&5 + + eval "$as_ac_var=no" +fi + +rm -rf conftest.dSYM +rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest_ipa8_conftest.oo \ + conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_ext +fi +ac_res=`eval 'as_val=${'$as_ac_var'} + $as_echo "$as_val"'` + { $as_echo "$as_me:$LINENO: result: $ac_res" >&5 +$as_echo "$ac_res" >&6; } +if test `eval 'as_val=${'$as_ac_var'} + $as_echo "$as_val"'` = yes; then + cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF +#define `$as_echo "HAVE_$ac_func" | $as_tr_cpp` 1 +_ACEOF + +fi +done + + LIBS="$OLDLIBS" +fi + if test "$opt_static_link" != yes; then diff --git a/configure.in~ b/configure.in~ index de188461..0323e669 100644 --- a/configure.in~ +++ b/configure.in~ @@ -299,7 +299,9 @@ if test $opt_extended_glob = yes ; then AC_DEFINE(EXTENDED_GLOB) fi if test $opt_extglob_default = yes; then -AC_DEFINE(EXTGLOB_DEFAULT) +AC_DEFINE(EXTGLOB_DEFAULT, 1) +else +AC_DEFINE(EXTGLOB_DEFAULT, 0) fi if test $opt_cond_command = yes ; then AC_DEFINE(COND_COMMAND) @@ -801,6 +803,13 @@ dnl BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE +if test "$am_cv_func_iconv" = yes; then + OLDLIBS="$LIBS" + LIBS="$LIBS $LIBICONV" + AC_CHECK_FUNCS(locale_charset) + LIBS="$OLDLIBS" +fi + dnl checks for the dynamic loading library functions in libc and libdl if test "$opt_static_link" != yes; then AC_CHECK_LIB(dl, dlopen) @@ -196,22 +196,23 @@ IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not supplied, no startup files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, - the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored, - and the effective user id is set to the real user id. If the --pp option - is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is the same, but the - effective user id is not reset. + the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS, BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS, CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they + appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective user id is + set to the real user id. If the --pp option is supplied at invocation, + the startup behavior is the same, but the effective user id is not + reset. DDEEFFIINNIITTIIOONNSS - The following definitions are used throughout the rest of this docu- + The following definitions are used throughout the rest of this docu- ment. bbllaannkk A space or tab. - wwoorrdd A sequence of characters considered as a single unit by the + wwoorrdd A sequence of characters considered as a single unit by the shell. Also known as a ttookkeenn. - nnaammee A _w_o_r_d consisting only of alphanumeric characters and under- - scores, and beginning with an alphabetic character or an under- + nnaammee A _w_o_r_d consisting only of alphanumeric characters and under- + scores, and beginning with an alphabetic character or an under- score. Also referred to as an iiddeennttiiffiieerr. mmeettaacchhaarraacctteerr - A character that, when unquoted, separates words. One of the + A character that, when unquoted, separates words. One of the following: || && ;; (( )) << >> ssppaaccee ttaabb ccoonnttrrooll ooppeerraattoorr @@ -222,81 +223,81 @@ DDEEFFIINNIITTIIOONNSS RREESSEERRVVEEDD WWOORRDDSS _R_e_s_e_r_v_e_d _w_o_r_d_s are words that have a special meaning to the shell. The following words are recognized as reserved when unquoted and either the - first word of a simple command (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR below) or the third + first word of a simple command (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR below) or the third word of a ccaassee or ffoorr command: - !! ccaassee ddoo ddoonnee eelliiff eellssee eessaacc ffii ffoorr ffuunnccttiioonn iiff iinn sseelleecctt tthheenn uunnttiill + !! ccaassee ddoo ddoonnee eelliiff eellssee eessaacc ffii ffoorr ffuunnccttiioonn iiff iinn sseelleecctt tthheenn uunnttiill wwhhiillee {{ }} ttiimmee [[[[ ]]]] SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR SSiimmppllee CCoommmmaannddss - A _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is a sequence of optional variable assignments fol- - lowed by bbllaannkk-separated words and redirections, and terminated by a + A _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is a sequence of optional variable assignments fol- + lowed by bbllaannkk-separated words and redirections, and terminated by a _c_o_n_t_r_o_l _o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r. The first word specifies the command to be executed, - and is passed as argument zero. The remaining words are passed as + and is passed as argument zero. The remaining words are passed as arguments to the invoked command. - The return value of a _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is its exit status, or 128+_n if + The return value of a _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is its exit status, or 128+_n if the command is terminated by signal _n. PPiippeelliinneess - A _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e is a sequence of one or more commands separated by one of + A _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e is a sequence of one or more commands separated by one of the control operators || or ||&&. The format for a pipeline is: [ttiimmee [--pp]] [ ! ] _c_o_m_m_a_n_d [ [|||||&&] _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 ... ] - The standard output of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is connected via a pipe to the standard - input of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2. This connection is performed before any redirec- + The standard output of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is connected via a pipe to the standard + input of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2. This connection is performed before any redirec- tions specified by the command (see RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN below). If ||&& is used, the standard error of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is connected to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2's standard input - through the pipe; it is shorthand for 22>>&&11 ||. This implicit redirect- + through the pipe; it is shorthand for 22>>&&11 ||. This implicit redirect- ion of the standard error is performed after any redirections specified by the command. The return status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last command, - unless the ppiippeeffaaiill option is enabled. If ppiippeeffaaiill is enabled, the - pipeline's return status is the value of the last (rightmost) command - to exit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands exit success- + unless the ppiippeeffaaiill option is enabled. If ppiippeeffaaiill is enabled, the + pipeline's return status is the value of the last (rightmost) command + to exit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands exit success- fully. If the reserved word !! precedes a pipeline, the exit status of - that pipeline is the logical negation of the exit status as described - above. The shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to terminate + that pipeline is the logical negation of the exit status as described + above. The shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to terminate before returning a value. - If the ttiimmee reserved word precedes a pipeline, the elapsed as well as - user and system time consumed by its execution are reported when the - pipeline terminates. The --pp option changes the output format to that - specified by POSIX. The TTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT variable may be set to a format - string that specifies how the timing information should be displayed; + If the ttiimmee reserved word precedes a pipeline, the elapsed as well as + user and system time consumed by its execution are reported when the + pipeline terminates. The --pp option changes the output format to that + specified by POSIX. The TTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT variable may be set to a format + string that specifies how the timing information should be displayed; see the description of TTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT under SShheellll VVaarriiaabblleess below. - Each command in a pipeline is executed as a separate process (i.e., in + Each command in a pipeline is executed as a separate process (i.e., in a subshell). LLiissttss - A _l_i_s_t is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one of the + A _l_i_s_t is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one of the operators ;;, &&, &&&&, or ||||, and optionally terminated by one of ;;, &&, or <<nneewwlliinnee>>. Of these list operators, &&&& and |||| have equal precedence, followed by ;; and &&, which have equal precedence. - A sequence of one or more newlines may appear in a _l_i_s_t instead of a + A sequence of one or more newlines may appear in a _l_i_s_t instead of a semicolon to delimit commands. - If a command is terminated by the control operator &&, the shell exe- - cutes the command in the _b_a_c_k_g_r_o_u_n_d in a subshell. The shell does not - wait for the command to finish, and the return status is 0. Commands - separated by a ;; are executed sequentially; the shell waits for each - command to terminate in turn. The return status is the exit status of + If a command is terminated by the control operator &&, the shell exe- + cutes the command in the _b_a_c_k_g_r_o_u_n_d in a subshell. The shell does not + wait for the command to finish, and the return status is 0. Commands + separated by a ;; are executed sequentially; the shell waits for each + command to terminate in turn. The return status is the exit status of the last command executed. - AND and OR lists are sequences of one of more pipelines separated by - the &&&& and |||| control operators, respectively. AND and OR lists are + AND and OR lists are sequences of one of more pipelines separated by + the &&&& and |||| control operators, respectively. AND and OR lists are executed with left associativity. An AND list has the form _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 &&&& _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 - _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 is executed if, and only if, _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 returns an exit status + _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 is executed if, and only if, _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 returns an exit status of zero. An OR list has the form @@ -304,77 +305,77 @@ SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 |||| _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 - _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 is executed if and only if _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 returns a non-zero exit - status. The return status of AND and OR lists is the exit status of + _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 is executed if and only if _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 returns a non-zero exit + status. The return status of AND and OR lists is the exit status of the last command executed in the list. CCoommppoouunndd CCoommmmaannddss A _c_o_m_p_o_u_n_d _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is one of the following: - (_l_i_s_t) _l_i_s_t is executed in a subshell environment (see CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUU-- - TTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT below). Variable assignments and builtin com- - mands that affect the shell's environment do not remain in - effect after the command completes. The return status is the + (_l_i_s_t) _l_i_s_t is executed in a subshell environment (see CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUU-- + TTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT below). Variable assignments and builtin com- + mands that affect the shell's environment do not remain in + effect after the command completes. The return status is the exit status of _l_i_s_t. { _l_i_s_t; } - _l_i_s_t is simply executed in the current shell environment. _l_i_s_t - must be terminated with a newline or semicolon. This is known - as a _g_r_o_u_p _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. The return status is the exit status of - _l_i_s_t. Note that unlike the metacharacters (( and )), {{ and }} are + _l_i_s_t is simply executed in the current shell environment. _l_i_s_t + must be terminated with a newline or semicolon. This is known + as a _g_r_o_u_p _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. The return status is the exit status of + _l_i_s_t. Note that unlike the metacharacters (( and )), {{ and }} are _r_e_s_e_r_v_e_d _w_o_r_d_s and must occur where a reserved word is permitted - to be recognized. Since they do not cause a word break, they - must be separated from _l_i_s_t by whitespace or another shell + to be recognized. Since they do not cause a word break, they + must be separated from _l_i_s_t by whitespace or another shell metacharacter. ((_e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n)) - The _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n is evaluated according to the rules described - below under AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN. If the value of the expres- - sion is non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the return + The _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n is evaluated according to the rules described + below under AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN. If the value of the expres- + sion is non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the return status is 1. This is exactly equivalent to lleett ""_e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n"". [[[[ _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n ]]]] - Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the - conditional expression _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n. Expressions are composed of - the primaries described below under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS. - Word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed on the - words between the [[[[ and ]]]]; tilde expansion, parameter and - variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution, - process substitution, and quote removal are performed. Condi- + Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the + conditional expression _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n. Expressions are composed of + the primaries described below under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS. + Word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed on the + words between the [[[[ and ]]]]; tilde expansion, parameter and + variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution, + process substitution, and quote removal are performed. Condi- tional operators such as --ff must be unquoted to be recognized as primaries. - When the ==== and !!== operators are used, the string to the right + When the ==== and !!== operators are used, the string to the right of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according to - the rules described below under PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg. If the shell - option nnooccaasseemmaattcchh is enabled, the match is performed without - regard to the case of alphabetic characters. The return value - is 0 if the string matches (====) or does not match (!!==) the pat- + the rules described below under PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg. If the shell + option nnooccaasseemmaattcchh is enabled, the match is performed without + regard to the case of alphabetic characters. The return value + is 0 if the string matches (====) or does not match (!!==) the pat- tern, and 1 otherwise. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force it to be matched as a string. - An additional binary operator, ==~~, is available, with the same - precedence as ==== and !!==. When it is used, the string to the - right of the operator is considered an extended regular expres- + An additional binary operator, ==~~, is available, with the same + precedence as ==== and !!==. When it is used, the string to the + right of the operator is considered an extended regular expres- sion and matched accordingly (as in _r_e_g_e_x(3)). The return value is 0 if the string matches the pattern, and 1 otherwise. If the - regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional + regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional expression's return value is 2. If the shell option nnooccaasseemmaattcchh is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to - force it to be matched as a string. Substrings matched by - parenthesized subexpressions within the regular expression are - saved in the array variable BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH. The element of - BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH with index 0 is the portion of the string matching + force it to be matched as a string. Substrings matched by + parenthesized subexpressions within the regular expression are + saved in the array variable BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH. The element of + BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH with index 0 is the portion of the string matching the entire regular expression. The element of BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH with - index _n is the portion of the string matching the _nth parenthe- + index _n is the portion of the string matching the _nth parenthe- sized subexpression. - Expressions may be combined using the following operators, + Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed in decreasing order of precedence: (( _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n )) - Returns the value of _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n. This may be used to + Returns the value of _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n. This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators. !! _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n True if _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n is false. @@ -384,187 +385,187 @@ SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR True if either _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n_1 or _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n_2 is true. The &&&& and |||| operators do not evaluate _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n_2 if the value - of _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n_1 is sufficient to determine the return value of + of _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n_1 is sufficient to determine the return value of the entire conditional expression. ffoorr _n_a_m_e [ [ iinn [ _w_o_r_d _._._. ] ] ; ] ddoo _l_i_s_t ; ddoonnee The list of words following iinn is expanded, generating a list of items. The variable _n_a_m_e is set to each element of this list in - turn, and _l_i_s_t is executed each time. If the iinn _w_o_r_d is omit- - ted, the ffoorr command executes _l_i_s_t once for each positional + turn, and _l_i_s_t is executed each time. If the iinn _w_o_r_d is omit- + ted, the ffoorr command executes _l_i_s_t once for each positional parameter that is set (see PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS below). The return status - is the exit status of the last command that executes. If the + is the exit status of the last command that executes. If the expansion of the items following iinn results in an empty list, no commands are executed, and the return status is 0. ffoorr (( _e_x_p_r_1 ; _e_x_p_r_2 ; _e_x_p_r_3 )) ; ddoo _l_i_s_t ; ddoonnee First, the arithmetic expression _e_x_p_r_1 is evaluated according to - the rules described below under AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN. The - arithmetic expression _e_x_p_r_2 is then evaluated repeatedly until - it evaluates to zero. Each time _e_x_p_r_2 evaluates to a non-zero - value, _l_i_s_t is executed and the arithmetic expression _e_x_p_r_3 is - evaluated. If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it + the rules described below under AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN. The + arithmetic expression _e_x_p_r_2 is then evaluated repeatedly until + it evaluates to zero. Each time _e_x_p_r_2 evaluates to a non-zero + value, _l_i_s_t is executed and the arithmetic expression _e_x_p_r_3 is + evaluated. If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it evaluates to 1. The return value is the exit status of the last command in _l_i_s_t that is executed, or false if any of the expres- sions is invalid. sseelleecctt _n_a_m_e [ iinn _w_o_r_d ] ; ddoo _l_i_s_t ; ddoonnee The list of words following iinn is expanded, generating a list of - items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard - error, each preceded by a number. If the iinn _w_o_r_d is omitted, - the positional parameters are printed (see PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS below). - The PPSS33 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the stan- - dard input. If the line consists of a number corresponding to - one of the displayed words, then the value of _n_a_m_e is set to - that word. If the line is empty, the words and prompt are dis- + items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard + error, each preceded by a number. If the iinn _w_o_r_d is omitted, + the positional parameters are printed (see PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS below). + The PPSS33 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the stan- + dard input. If the line consists of a number corresponding to + one of the displayed words, then the value of _n_a_m_e is set to + that word. If the line is empty, the words and prompt are dis- played again. If EOF is read, the command completes. Any other - value read causes _n_a_m_e to be set to null. The line read is - saved in the variable RREEPPLLYY. The _l_i_s_t is executed after each + value read causes _n_a_m_e to be set to null. The line read is + saved in the variable RREEPPLLYY. The _l_i_s_t is executed after each selection until a bbrreeaakk command is executed. The exit status of - sseelleecctt is the exit status of the last command executed in _l_i_s_t, + sseelleecctt is the exit status of the last command executed in _l_i_s_t, or zero if no commands were executed. ccaassee _w_o_r_d iinn [ [(] _p_a_t_t_e_r_n [ || _p_a_t_t_e_r_n ] ... ) _l_i_s_t ;; ] ... eessaacc A ccaassee command first expands _w_o_r_d, and tries to match it against each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n in turn, using the same matching rules as for path- - name expansion (see PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn below). The _w_o_r_d is - expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan- - sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, process - substitution and quote removal. Each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n examined is + name expansion (see PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn below). The _w_o_r_d is expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan- + sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, process + substitution and quote removal. Each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n examined is + expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan- sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, and process - substitution. If the shell option nnooccaasseemmaattcchh is enabled, the - match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic - characters. When a match is found, the corresponding _l_i_s_t is + substitution. If the shell option nnooccaasseemmaattcchh is enabled, the + match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic + characters. When a match is found, the corresponding _l_i_s_t is executed. If the ;;;; operator is used, no subsequent matches are - attempted after the first pattern match. Using ;;&& in place of - ;;;; causes execution to continue with the _l_i_s_t associated with - the next set of patterns. Using ;;;;&& in place of ;;;; causes the - shell to test the next pattern list in the statement, if any, + attempted after the first pattern match. Using ;;&& in place of + ;;;; causes execution to continue with the _l_i_s_t associated with + the next set of patterns. Using ;;;;&& in place of ;;;; causes the + shell to test the next pattern list in the statement, if any, and execute any associated _l_i_s_t on a successful match. The exit status is zero if no pattern matches. Otherwise, it is the exit status of the last command executed in _l_i_s_t. iiff _l_i_s_t; tthheenn _l_i_s_t_; [ eelliiff _l_i_s_t; tthheenn _l_i_s_t; ] ... [ eellssee _l_i_s_t; ] ffii - The iiff _l_i_s_t is executed. If its exit status is zero, the tthheenn - _l_i_s_t is executed. Otherwise, each eelliiff _l_i_s_t is executed in - turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding tthheenn + The iiff _l_i_s_t is executed. If its exit status is zero, the tthheenn + _l_i_s_t is executed. Otherwise, each eelliiff _l_i_s_t is executed in + turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding tthheenn _l_i_s_t is executed and the command completes. Otherwise, the eellssee - _l_i_s_t is executed, if present. The exit status is the exit sta- + _l_i_s_t is executed, if present. The exit status is the exit sta- tus of the last command executed, or zero if no condition tested true. wwhhiillee _l_i_s_t; ddoo _l_i_s_t; ddoonnee uunnttiill _l_i_s_t; ddoo _l_i_s_t; ddoonnee - The wwhhiillee command continuously executes the ddoo _l_i_s_t as long as - the last command in _l_i_s_t returns an exit status of zero. The + The wwhhiillee command continuously executes the ddoo _l_i_s_t as long as + the last command in _l_i_s_t returns an exit status of zero. The uunnttiill command is identical to the wwhhiillee command, except that the - test is negated; the ddoo _l_i_s_t is executed as long as the last + test is negated; the ddoo _l_i_s_t is executed as long as the last command in _l_i_s_t returns a non-zero exit status. The exit status - of the wwhhiillee and uunnttiill commands is the exit status of the last + of the wwhhiillee and uunnttiill commands is the exit status of the last ddoo _l_i_s_t command executed, or zero if none was executed. CCoopprroocceesssseess A _c_o_p_r_o_c_e_s_s is a shell command preceded by the ccoopprroocc reserved word. A - coprocess is executed asynchronously in a subshell, as if the command - had been terminated with the && control operator, with a two-way pipe + coprocess is executed asynchronously in a subshell, as if the command + had been terminated with the && control operator, with a two-way pipe established between the executing shell and the coprocess. The format for a coprocess is: ccoopprroocc [_N_A_M_E] _c_o_m_m_a_n_d [_r_e_d_i_r_e_c_t_i_o_n_s] - This creates a coprocess named _N_A_M_E. If _N_A_M_E is not supplied, the + This creates a coprocess named _N_A_M_E. If _N_A_M_E is not supplied, the default name is _C_O_P_R_O_C. _N_A_M_E must not be supplied if _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is a _s_i_m_- _p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d (see above); otherwise, it is interpreted as the first word - of the simple command. When the coproc is executed, the shell creates - an array variable (see AArrrraayyss below) named _N_A_M_E in the context of the - executing shell. The standard output of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is connected via a - pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell, and that file - descriptor is assigned to _N_A_M_E[0]. The standard input of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is - connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell, and - that file descriptor is assigned to _N_A_M_E[1]. This pipe is established - before any redirections specified by the command (see RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN - below). The file descriptors can be utilized as arguments to shell - commands and redirections using standard word expansions. The process - id of the shell spawned to execute the coprocess is available as the - value of the variable _N_A_M_E_PID. The wwaaiitt builtin command may be used + of the simple command. When the coproc is executed, the shell creates + an array variable (see AArrrraayyss below) named _N_A_M_E in the context of the + executing shell. The standard output of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is connected via a + pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell, and that file + descriptor is assigned to _N_A_M_E[0]. The standard input of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is + connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell, and + that file descriptor is assigned to _N_A_M_E[1]. This pipe is established + before any redirections specified by the command (see RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN + below). The file descriptors can be utilized as arguments to shell + commands and redirections using standard word expansions. The process + id of the shell spawned to execute the coprocess is available as the + value of the variable _N_A_M_E_PID. The wwaaiitt builtin command may be used to wait for the coprocess to terminate. The return status of a coprocess is the exit status of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. SShheellll FFuunnccttiioonn DDeeffiinniittiioonnss - A shell function is an object that is called like a simple command and - executes a compound command with a new set of positional parameters. + A shell function is an object that is called like a simple command and + executes a compound command with a new set of positional parameters. Shell functions are declared as follows: [ ffuunnccttiioonn ] _n_a_m_e () _c_o_m_p_o_u_n_d_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d [_r_e_d_i_r_e_c_t_i_o_n] - This defines a function named _n_a_m_e. The reserved word ffuunnccttiioonn - is optional. If the ffuunnccttiioonn reserved word is supplied, the - parentheses are optional. The _b_o_d_y of the function is the com- - pound command _c_o_m_p_o_u_n_d_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d (see CCoommppoouunndd CCoommmmaannddss above). - That command is usually a _l_i_s_t of commands between { and }, but - may be any command listed under CCoommppoouunndd CCoommmmaannddss above. _c_o_m_- + This defines a function named _n_a_m_e. The reserved word ffuunnccttiioonn + is optional. If the ffuunnccttiioonn reserved word is supplied, the + parentheses are optional. The _b_o_d_y of the function is the com- + pound command _c_o_m_p_o_u_n_d_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d (see CCoommppoouunndd CCoommmmaannddss above). + That command is usually a _l_i_s_t of commands between { and }, but + may be any command listed under CCoommppoouunndd CCoommmmaannddss above. _c_o_m_- _p_o_u_n_d_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d is executed whenever _n_a_m_e is specified as the name - of a simple command. Any redirections (see RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN below) - specified when a function is defined are performed when the - function is executed. The exit status of a function definition + of a simple command. Any redirections (see RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN below) + specified when a function is defined are performed when the + function is executed. The exit status of a function definition is zero unless a syntax error occurs or a readonly function with the same name already exists. When executed, the exit status of - a function is the exit status of the last command executed in + a function is the exit status of the last command executed in the body. (See FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNSS below.) CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS In a non-interactive shell, or an interactive shell in which the iinntteerr-- - aaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss option to the sshhoopptt builtin is enabled (see SSHHEELLLL - BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below), a word beginning with ## causes that word and - all remaining characters on that line to be ignored. An interactive - shell without the iinntteerraaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss option enabled does not allow + aaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss option to the sshhoopptt builtin is enabled (see SSHHEELLLL + BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below), a word beginning with ## causes that word and + all remaining characters on that line to be ignored. An interactive + shell without the iinntteerraaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss option enabled does not allow comments. The iinntteerraaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss option is on by default in interac- tive shells. QQUUOOTTIINNGG - _Q_u_o_t_i_n_g is used to remove the special meaning of certain characters or - words to the shell. Quoting can be used to disable special treatment + _Q_u_o_t_i_n_g is used to remove the special meaning of certain characters or + words to the shell. Quoting can be used to disable special treatment for special characters, to prevent reserved words from being recognized as such, and to prevent parameter expansion. - Each of the _m_e_t_a_c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_s listed above under DDEEFFIINNIITTIIOONNSS has special + Each of the _m_e_t_a_c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_s listed above under DDEEFFIINNIITTIIOONNSS has special meaning to the shell and must be quoted if it is to represent itself. - When the command history expansion facilities are being used (see HHIISS-- + When the command history expansion facilities are being used (see HHIISS-- TTOORRYY EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN below), the _h_i_s_t_o_r_y _e_x_p_a_n_s_i_o_n character, usually !!, must be quoted to prevent history expansion. - There are three quoting mechanisms: the _e_s_c_a_p_e _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r, single + There are three quoting mechanisms: the _e_s_c_a_p_e _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r, single quotes, and double quotes. - A non-quoted backslash (\\) is the _e_s_c_a_p_e _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r. It preserves the + A non-quoted backslash (\\) is the _e_s_c_a_p_e _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r. It preserves the literal value of the next character that follows, with the exception of - <newline>. If a \\<newline> pair appears, and the backslash is not - itself quoted, the \\<newline> is treated as a line continuation (that + <newline>. If a \\<newline> pair appears, and the backslash is not + itself quoted, the \\<newline> is treated as a line continuation (that is, it is removed from the input stream and effectively ignored). - Enclosing characters in single quotes preserves the literal value of + Enclosing characters in single quotes preserves the literal value of each character within the quotes. A single quote may not occur between single quotes, even when preceded by a backslash. - Enclosing characters in double quotes preserves the literal value of - all characters within the quotes, with the exception of $$, ``, \\, and, - when history expansion is enabled, !!. The characters $$ and `` retain - their special meaning within double quotes. The backslash retains its - special meaning only when followed by one of the following characters: - $$, ``, "", \\, or <<nneewwlliinnee>>. A double quote may be quoted within double + Enclosing characters in double quotes preserves the literal value of + all characters within the quotes, with the exception of $$, ``, \\, and, + when history expansion is enabled, !!. The characters $$ and `` retain + their special meaning within double quotes. The backslash retains its + special meaning only when followed by one of the following characters: + $$, ``, "", \\, or <<nneewwlliinnee>>. A double quote may be quoted within double quotes by preceding it with a backslash. If enabled, history expansion - will be performed unless an !! appearing in double quotes is escaped + will be performed unless an !! appearing in double quotes is escaped using a backslash. The backslash preceding the !! is not removed. - The special parameters ** and @@ have special meaning when in double + The special parameters ** and @@ have special meaning when in double quotes (see PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS below). Words of the form $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g' are treated specially. The word expands to - _s_t_r_i_n_g, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by the - ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if present, are decoded + _s_t_r_i_n_g, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by the + ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if present, are decoded as follows: \\aa alert (bell) \\bb backspace @@ -576,202 +577,210 @@ QQUUOOTTIINNGG \\vv vertical tab \\\\ backslash \\'' single quote - \\_n_n_n the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value + \\_n_n_n the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value _n_n_n (one to three digits) - \\xx_H_H the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal + \\xx_H_H the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value _H_H (one or two hex digits) \\cc_x a control-_x character - The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not + The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not been present. - A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign ($$) will cause the - string to be translated according to the current locale. If the cur- - rent locale is CC or PPOOSSIIXX, the dollar sign is ignored. If the string + A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign ($$) will cause the + string to be translated according to the current locale. If the cur- + rent locale is CC or PPOOSSIIXX, the dollar sign is ignored. If the string is translated and replaced, the replacement is double-quoted. PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS - A _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is an entity that stores values. It can be a _n_a_m_e, a num- + A _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is an entity that stores values. It can be a _n_a_m_e, a num- ber, or one of the special characters listed below under SSppeecciiaall PPaarraamm-- - eetteerrss. A _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e is a parameter denoted by a _n_a_m_e. A variable has a - _v_a_l_u_e and zero or more _a_t_t_r_i_b_u_t_e_s. Attributes are assigned using the - ddeeccllaarree builtin command (see ddeeccllaarree below in SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS). + eetteerrss. A _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e is a parameter denoted by a _n_a_m_e. A variable has a + _v_a_l_u_e and zero or more _a_t_t_r_i_b_u_t_e_s. Attributes are assigned using the + ddeeccllaarree builtin command (see ddeeccllaarree below in SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS). A parameter is set if it has been assigned a value. The null string is - a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using + a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using the uunnsseett builtin command (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below). A _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e may be assigned to by a statement of the form _n_a_m_e=[_v_a_l_u_e] - If _v_a_l_u_e is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All - _v_a_l_u_e_s undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, com- - mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal (see EEXXPPAANN-- + If _v_a_l_u_e is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All + _v_a_l_u_e_s undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, com- + mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal (see EEXXPPAANN-- SSIIOONN below). If the variable has its iinntteeggeerr attribute set, then _v_a_l_u_e is evaluated as an arithmetic expression even if the $((...)) expansion - is not used (see AArriitthhmmeettiicc EExxppaannssiioonn below). Word splitting is not - performed, with the exception of ""$$@@"" as explained below under SSppeecciiaall - PPaarraammeetteerrss. Pathname expansion is not performed. Assignment state- - ments may also appear as arguments to the aalliiaass, ddeeccllaarree, ttyyppeesseett, + is not used (see AArriitthhmmeettiicc EExxppaannssiioonn below). Word splitting is not + performed, with the exception of ""$$@@"" as explained below under SSppeecciiaall + PPaarraammeetteerrss. Pathname expansion is not performed. Assignment state- + ments may also appear as arguments to the aalliiaass, ddeeccllaarree, ttyyppeesseett, eexxppoorrtt, rreeaaddoonnllyy, and llooccaall builtin commands. - In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to a + In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to a shell variable or array index, the += operator can be used to append to or add to the variable's previous value. When += is applied to a vari- - able for which the integer attribute has been set, _v_a_l_u_e is evaluated - as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's current value, + able for which the integer attribute has been set, _v_a_l_u_e is evaluated + as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's current value, which is also evaluated. When += is applied to an array variable using - compound assignment (see AArrrraayyss below), the variable's value is not + compound assignment (see AArrrraayyss below), the variable's value is not unset (as it is when using =), and new values are appended to the array - beginning at one greater than the array's maximum index (for indexed + beginning at one greater than the array's maximum index (for indexed arrays) or added as additional key-value pairs in an associative array. - When applied to a string-valued variable, _v_a_l_u_e is expanded and + When applied to a string-valued variable, _v_a_l_u_e is expanded and appended to the variable's value. PPoossiittiioonnaall PPaarraammeetteerrss - A _p_o_s_i_t_i_o_n_a_l _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is a parameter denoted by one or more digits, + A _p_o_s_i_t_i_o_n_a_l _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is a parameter denoted by one or more digits, other than the single digit 0. Positional parameters are assigned from - the shell's arguments when it is invoked, and may be reassigned using - the sseett builtin command. Positional parameters may not be assigned to - with assignment statements. The positional parameters are temporarily + the shell's arguments when it is invoked, and may be reassigned using + the sseett builtin command. Positional parameters may not be assigned to + with assignment statements. The positional parameters are temporarily replaced when a shell function is executed (see FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNSS below). - When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single digit is + When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single digit is expanded, it must be enclosed in braces (see EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN below). SSppeecciiaall PPaarraammeetteerrss - The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may + The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed. - ** Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When - the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a sin- + ** Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When + the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a sin- gle word with the value of each parameter separated by the first character of the IIFFSS special variable. That is, "$$**" is equiva- lent to "$$11_c$$22_c......", where _c is the first character of the value - of the IIFFSS variable. If IIFFSS is unset, the parameters are sepa- - rated by spaces. If IIFFSS is null, the parameters are joined + of the IIFFSS variable. If IIFFSS is unset, the parameters are sepa- + rated by spaces. If IIFFSS is null, the parameters are joined without intervening separators. - @@ Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When + @@ Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When the expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameter expands to a separate word. That is, "$$@@" is equivalent to "$$11" - "$$22" ... If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, - the expansion of the first parameter is joined with the begin- - ning part of the original word, and the expansion of the last - parameter is joined with the last part of the original word. - When there are no positional parameters, "$$@@" and $$@@ expand to + "$$22" ... If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, + the expansion of the first parameter is joined with the begin- + ning part of the original word, and the expansion of the last + parameter is joined with the last part of the original word. + When there are no positional parameters, "$$@@" and $$@@ expand to nothing (i.e., they are removed). ## Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal. - ?? Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed fore- + ?? Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed fore- ground pipeline. - -- Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invoca- - tion, by the sseett builtin command, or those set by the shell + -- Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invoca- + tion, by the sseett builtin command, or those set by the shell itself (such as the --ii option). - $$ Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a () subshell, it - expands to the process ID of the current shell, not the sub- + $$ Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a () subshell, it + expands to the process ID of the current shell, not the sub- shell. - !! Expands to the process ID of the most recently executed back- + !! Expands to the process ID of the most recently executed back- ground (asynchronous) command. - 00 Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set + 00 Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set at shell initialization. If bbaasshh is invoked with a file of com- - mands, $$00 is set to the name of that file. If bbaasshh is started - with the --cc option, then $$00 is set to the first argument after - the string to be executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is - set to the file name used to invoke bbaasshh, as given by argument + mands, $$00 is set to the name of that file. If bbaasshh is started + with the --cc option, then $$00 is set to the first argument after + the string to be executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is + set to the file name used to invoke bbaasshh, as given by argument zero. - __ At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke - the shell or shell script being executed as passed in the envi- - ronment or argument list. Subsequently, expands to the last - argument to the previous command, after expansion. Also set to - the full pathname used to invoke each command executed and + __ At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke + the shell or shell script being executed as passed in the envi- + ronment or argument list. Subsequently, expands to the last + argument to the previous command, after expansion. Also set to + the full pathname used to invoke each command executed and placed in the environment exported to that command. When check- - ing mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file cur- + ing mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file cur- rently being checked. SShheellll VVaarriiaabblleess The following variables are set by the shell: - BBAASSHH Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of + BBAASSHH Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of bbaasshh. + BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS + A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in + the list is a valid argument for the --ss option to the sshhoopptt + builtin command (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below). The options + appearing in BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS are those reported as _o_n by sshhoopptt. If + this variable is in the environment when bbaasshh starts up, each + shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any + startup files. This variable is read-only. BBAASSHHPPIIDD - Expands to the process id of the current bbaasshh process. This - differs from $$$$ under certain circumstances, such as subshells + Expands to the process id of the current bbaasshh process. This + differs from $$$$ under certain circumstances, such as subshells that do not require bbaasshh to be re-initialized. BBAASSHH__AALLIIAASSEESS - An associative array variable whose members correspond to the + An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal list of aliases as maintained by the aalliiaass builtin Ele- - ments added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting - array elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list. + ments added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting + array elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list. BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC - An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in + An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in each frame of the current bbaasshh execution call stack. The number - of parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or - script executed with .. or ssoouurrccee) is at the top of the stack. - When a subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed + of parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or + script executed with .. or ssoouurrccee) is at the top of the stack. + When a subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed is pushed onto BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC. The shell sets BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC only when in - extended debugging mode (see the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg + extended debugging mode (see the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin below) BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV - An array variable containing all of the parameters in the cur- + An array variable containing all of the parameters in the cur- rent bbaasshh execution call stack. The final parameter of the last - subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter + subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is at the bottom. When a subroutine is exe- - cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV. The - shell sets BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV only when in extended debugging mode (see - the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin + cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV. The + shell sets BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV only when in extended debugging mode (see + the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin below) BBAASSHH__CCMMDDSS - An associative array variable whose members correspond to the - internal hash table of commands as maintained by the hhaasshh + An associative array variable whose members correspond to the + internal hash table of commands as maintained by the hhaasshh builtin. Elements added to this array appear in the hash table; - unsetting array elements cause commands to be removed from the + unsetting array elements cause commands to be removed from the hash table. BBAASSHH__CCOOMMMMAANNDD - The command currently being executed or about to be executed, + The command currently being executed or about to be executed, unless the shell is executing a command as the result of a trap, - in which case it is the command executing at the time of the + in which case it is the command executing at the time of the trap. BBAASSHH__EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN__SSTTRRIINNGG The command argument to the --cc invocation option. BBAASSHH__LLIINNEENNOO - An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source - files corresponding to each member of FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE. - $${{BBAASSHH__LLIINNEENNOO[[_$_i]]}} is the line number in the source file where - $${{FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE[[_$_i]]}} was called (or $${{BBAASSHH__LLIINNEENNOO[[_$_i_-_1]]}} if refer- - enced within another shell function). The corresponding source - file name is $${{BBAASSHH__SSOOUURRCCEE[[_$_i]]}}. Use LLIINNEENNOO to obtain the cur- + An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source + files corresponding to each member of FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE. + $${{BBAASSHH__LLIINNEENNOO[[_$_i]]}} is the line number in the source file where + $${{FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE[[_$_i]]}} was called (or $${{BBAASSHH__LLIINNEENNOO[[_$_i_-_1]]}} if refer- + enced within another shell function). The corresponding source + file name is $${{BBAASSHH__SSOOUURRCCEE[[_$_i]]}}. Use LLIINNEENNOO to obtain the cur- rent line number. BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH - An array variable whose members are assigned by the ==~~ binary - operator to the [[[[ conditional command. The element with index - 0 is the portion of the string matching the entire regular - expression. The element with index _n is the portion of the + An array variable whose members are assigned by the ==~~ binary + operator to the [[[[ conditional command. The element with index + 0 is the portion of the string matching the entire regular + expression. The element with index _n is the portion of the string matching the _nth parenthesized subexpression. This vari- able is read-only. BBAASSHH__SSOOUURRCCEE - An array variable whose members are the source filenames corre- + An array variable whose members are the source filenames corre- sponding to the elements in the FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE array variable. BBAASSHH__SSUUBBSSHHEELLLL - Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment + Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment is spawned. The initial value is 0. BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIINNFFOO A readonly array variable whose members hold version information - for this instance of bbaasshh. The values assigned to the array + for this instance of bbaasshh. The values assigned to the array members are as follows: - BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIINNFFOO[[0]] The major version number (the _r_e_l_e_a_s_e). - BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIINNFFOO[[1]] The minor version number (the _v_e_r_s_i_o_n). + BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIINNFFOO[[0]] The major version number (the _r_e_l_e_a_s_e). + BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIINNFFOO[[1]] The minor version number (the _v_e_r_s_i_o_n). BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIINNFFOO[[2]] The patch level. BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIINNFFOO[[3]] The build version. BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIINNFFOO[[4]] The release status (e.g., _b_e_t_a_1). BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIINNFFOO[[5]] The value of MMAACCHHTTYYPPEE. BBAASSHH__VVEERRSSIIOONN - Expands to a string describing the version of this instance of + Expands to a string describing the version of this instance of bbaasshh. CCOOMMPP__CCWWOORRDD - An index into $${{CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDSS}} of the word containing the current + An index into $${{CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDSS}} of the word containing the current cursor position. This variable is available only in shell func- - tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see + tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn below). CCOOMMPP__KKEEYY @@ -779,116 +788,116 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS rent completion function. CCOOMMPP__LLIINNEE - The current command line. This variable is available only in - shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro- - grammable completion facilities (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn + The current command line. This variable is available only in + shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro- + grammable completion facilities (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn below). CCOOMMPP__PPOOIINNTT - The index of the current cursor position relative to the begin- - ning of the current command. If the current cursor position is + The index of the current cursor position relative to the begin- + ning of the current command. If the current cursor position is at the end of the current command, the value of this variable is - equal to $${{##CCOOMMPP__LLIINNEE}}. This variable is available only in - shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro- - grammable completion facilities (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn + equal to $${{##CCOOMMPP__LLIINNEE}}. This variable is available only in + shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro- + grammable completion facilities (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn below). CCOOMMPP__TTYYPPEE - Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion - attempted that caused a completion function to be called: _T_A_B, - for normal completion, _?, for listing completions after succes- - sive tabs, _!, for listing alternatives on partial word comple- - tion, _@, to list completions if the word is not unmodified, or - _%, for menu completion. This variable is available only in - shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro- - grammable completion facilities (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn + Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion + attempted that caused a completion function to be called: _T_A_B, + for normal completion, _?, for listing completions after succes- + sive tabs, _!, for listing alternatives on partial word comple- + tion, _@, to list completions if the word is not unmodified, or + _%, for menu completion. This variable is available only in + shell functions and external commands invoked by the pro- + grammable completion facilities (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn below). CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS - The set of characters that the rreeaaddlliinnee library treats as word - separators when performing word completion. If CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS - is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse- + The set of characters that the rreeaaddlliinnee library treats as word + separators when performing word completion. If CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS + is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse- quently reset. CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDSS - An array variable (see AArrrraayyss below) consisting of the individ- - ual words in the current command line. The line is split into - words as rreeaaddlliinnee would split it, using CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS as + An array variable (see AArrrraayyss below) consisting of the individ- + ual words in the current command line. The line is split into + words as rreeaaddlliinnee would split it, using CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS as described above. This variable is available only in shell func- - tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see + tions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn below). DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK An array variable (see AArrrraayyss below) containing the current con- - tents of the directory stack. Directories appear in the stack - in the order they are displayed by the ddiirrss builtin. Assigning + tents of the directory stack. Directories appear in the stack + in the order they are displayed by the ddiirrss builtin. Assigning to members of this array variable may be used to modify directo- - ries already in the stack, but the ppuusshhdd and ppooppdd builtins must + ries already in the stack, but the ppuusshhdd and ppooppdd builtins must be used to add and remove directories. Assignment to this vari- - able will not change the current directory. If DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK is - unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse- + able will not change the current directory. If DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK is + unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subse- quently reset. - EEUUIIDD Expands to the effective user ID of the current user, initial- + EEUUIIDD Expands to the effective user ID of the current user, initial- ized at shell startup. This variable is readonly. FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE - An array variable containing the names of all shell functions + An array variable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the execution call stack. The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing shell function. The bot- - tom-most element is "main". This variable exists only when a - shell function is executing. Assignments to FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE have no - effect and return an error status. If FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE is unset, it - loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. - - GGRROOUUPPSS An array variable containing the list of groups of which the - current user is a member. Assignments to GGRROOUUPPSS have no effect - and return an error status. If GGRROOUUPPSS is unset, it loses its + tom-most element is "main". This variable exists only when a + shell function is executing. Assignments to FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE have no + effect and return an error status. If FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE is unset, it + loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. + + GGRROOUUPPSS An array variable containing the list of groups of which the + current user is a member. Assignments to GGRROOUUPPSS have no effect + and return an error status. If GGRROOUUPPSS is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. HHIISSTTCCMMDD The history number, or index in the history list, of the current - command. If HHIISSTTCCMMDD is unset, it loses its special properties, + command. If HHIISSTTCCMMDD is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. HHOOSSTTNNAAMMEE Automatically set to the name of the current host. HHOOSSTTTTYYPPEE - Automatically set to a string that uniquely describes the type - of machine on which bbaasshh is executing. The default is system- + Automatically set to a string that uniquely describes the type + of machine on which bbaasshh is executing. The default is system- dependent. - LLIINNEENNOO Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a - decimal number representing the current sequential line number - (starting with 1) within a script or function. When not in a - script or function, the value substituted is not guaranteed to + LLIINNEENNOO Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a + decimal number representing the current sequential line number + (starting with 1) within a script or function. When not in a + script or function, the value substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful. If LLIINNEENNOO is unset, it loses its special proper- ties, even if it is subsequently reset. MMAACCHHTTYYPPEE - Automatically set to a string that fully describes the system - type on which bbaasshh is executing, in the standard GNU _c_p_u_-_c_o_m_- + Automatically set to a string that fully describes the system + type on which bbaasshh is executing, in the standard GNU _c_p_u_-_c_o_m_- _p_a_n_y_-_s_y_s_t_e_m format. The default is system-dependent. OOLLDDPPWWDD The previous working directory as set by the ccdd command. - OOPPTTAARRGG The value of the last option argument processed by the ggeettooppttss + OOPPTTAARRGG The value of the last option argument processed by the ggeettooppttss builtin command (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below). - OOPPTTIINNDD The index of the next argument to be processed by the ggeettooppttss + OOPPTTIINNDD The index of the next argument to be processed by the ggeettooppttss builtin command (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below). - OOSSTTYYPPEE Automatically set to a string that describes the operating sys- - tem on which bbaasshh is executing. The default is system-depen- + OOSSTTYYPPEE Automatically set to a string that describes the operating sys- + tem on which bbaasshh is executing. The default is system-depen- dent. PPIIPPEESSTTAATTUUSS - An array variable (see AArrrraayyss below) containing a list of exit - status values from the processes in the most-recently-executed + An array variable (see AArrrraayyss below) containing a list of exit + status values from the processes in the most-recently-executed foreground pipeline (which may contain only a single command). - PPPPIIDD The process ID of the shell's parent. This variable is read- + PPPPIIDD The process ID of the shell's parent. This variable is read- only. PPWWDD The current working directory as set by the ccdd command. @@ -896,27 +905,27 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS RRAANNDDOOMM Each time this parameter is referenced, a random integer between 0 and 32767 is generated. The sequence of random numbers may be initialized by assigning a value to RRAANNDDOOMM. If RRAANNDDOOMM is unset, - it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently + it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. - RREEPPLLYY Set to the line of input read by the rreeaadd builtin command when + RREEPPLLYY Set to the line of input read by the rreeaadd builtin command when no arguments are supplied. SSEECCOONNDDSS - Each time this parameter is referenced, the number of seconds - since shell invocation is returned. If a value is assigned to - SSEECCOONNDDSS, the value returned upon subsequent references is the - number of seconds since the assignment plus the value assigned. + Each time this parameter is referenced, the number of seconds + since shell invocation is returned. If a value is assigned to + SSEECCOONNDDSS, the value returned upon subsequent references is the + number of seconds since the assignment plus the value assigned. If SSEECCOONNDDSS is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS - A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in - the list is a valid argument for the --oo option to the sseett + A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in + the list is a valid argument for the --oo option to the sseett builtin command (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below). The options - appearing in SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS are those reported as _o_n by sseett --oo. If - this variable is in the environment when bbaasshh starts up, each - shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any + appearing in SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS are those reported as _o_n by sseett --oo. If + this variable is in the environment when bbaasshh starts up, each + shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any startup files. This variable is read-only. SSHHLLVVLL Incremented by one each time an instance of bbaasshh is started. @@ -924,20 +933,29 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS UUIIDD Expands to the user ID of the current user, initialized at shell startup. This variable is readonly. - The following variables are used by the shell. In some cases, bbaasshh + The following variables are used by the shell. In some cases, bbaasshh assigns a default value to a variable; these cases are noted below. BBAASSHH__EENNVV - If this parameter is set when bbaasshh is executing a shell script, - its value is interpreted as a filename containing commands to + If this parameter is set when bbaasshh is executing a shell script, + its value is interpreted as a filename containing commands to initialize the shell, as in _~_/_._b_a_s_h_r_c. The value of BBAASSHH__EENNVV is - subjected to parameter expansion, command substitution, and - arithmetic expansion before being interpreted as a file name. + subjected to parameter expansion, command substitution, and + arithmetic expansion before being interpreted as a file name. PPAATTHH is not used to search for the resultant file name. - CCDDPPAATTHH The search path for the ccdd command. This is a colon-separated - list of directories in which the shell looks for destination - directories specified by the ccdd command. A sample value is + CCDDPPAATTHH The search path for the ccdd command. This is a colon-separated + list of directories in which the shell looks for destination + directories specified by the ccdd command. A sample value is ".:~:/usr". + BBAASSHH__XXTTRRAACCEEFFDD + If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, + bbaasshh will write the trace output generated when _s_e_t _-_x is + enabled to that file descriptor. The file descriptor is closed + when BBAASSHH__XXTTRRAACCEEFFDD is unset or assigned a new value. Unsetting + BBAASSHH__XXTTRRAACCEEFFDD or assigning it the empty string causes the trace + output to be sent to the standard error. Note that setting + BBAASSHH__XXTTRRAACCEEFFDD to 2 (the standard error file descriptor) and then + unsetting it will result in the standard error being closed. CCOOLLUUMMNNSS Used by the sseelleecctt builtin command to determine the terminal width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon @@ -3264,6 +3282,14 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE A character is read and point is moved to the previous occur- rence of that character. A negative count searches for subse- quent occurrences. + sskkiipp--ccssii--sseeqquueennccee (()) + Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as + those defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin + with a Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[. If this + sequence is bound to "\[", keys producing such sequences will + have no effect unless explicitly bound to a readline command, + instead of inserting stray characters into the editing buffer. + This is unbound by default, but usually bound to ESC-[. iinnsseerrtt--ccoommmmeenntt ((MM--##)) Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline ccoomm-- mmeenntt--bbeeggiinn variable is inserted at the beginning of the current @@ -4656,15 +4682,15 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS --pp Turn on _p_r_i_v_i_l_e_g_e_d mode. In this mode, the $$EENNVV and $$BBAASSHH__EENNVV files are not processed, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, and the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS, - CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they appear in the - environment, are ignored. If the shell is started with - the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user - (group) id, and the --pp option is not supplied, these - actions are taken and the effective user id is set to - the real user id. If the --pp option is supplied at - startup, the effective user id is not reset. Turning - this option off causes the effective user and group ids - to be set to the real user and group ids. + BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS, CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they + appear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is + started with the effective user (group) id not equal to + the real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not sup- + plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id + is set to the real user id. If the --pp option is sup- + plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset. + Turning this option off causes the effective user and + group ids to be set to the real user and group ids. --tt Exit after reading and executing one command. --uu Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe- cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing @@ -5278,4 +5304,4 @@ BBUUGGSS -GNU Bash-4.0 2009 July 30 BASH(1) +GNU Bash-4.0 2009 August 17 BASH(1) @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ .\" Case Western Reserve University .\" chet@po.cwru.edu .\" -.\" Last Change: Fri Aug 14 18:32:52 EDT 2009 +.\" Last Change: Sat Aug 22 12:02:47 EDT 2009 .\" .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY -.TH BASH 1 "2009 August 14" "GNU Bash-4.0" +.TH BASH 1 "2009 August 22" "GNU Bash-4.0" .\" .\" There's some problem with having a `@' .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros. @@ -1736,6 +1736,20 @@ A sample value is .if t \f(CW".:~:/usr"\fP. .if n ".:~:/usr". .TP +.B BASH_XTRACEFD +If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, \fBbash\fP +will write the trace output generated when +.if t \f(CWset -x\fP +.if n \fIset -x\fP +is enabled to that file descriptor. +The file descriptor is closed when \fBBASH_XTRACEFD\fP is unset or assigned +a new value. +Unsetting \fBBASH_XTRACEFD\fP or assigning it the empty string causes the +trace output to be sent to the standard error. +Note that setting \fPBASH_XTRACEFD\fP to 2 (the standard error file +descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error +being closed. +.TP .B COLUMNS Used by the \fBselect\fP builtin command to determine the terminal width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a SIGWINCH. @@ -5036,6 +5050,14 @@ possible partial completion (the possible completions don't share a common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. .TP +.B skip\-completed\-text (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, this alters the default completion behavior when +inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when +performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled, readline +does not insert characters from the completion that match characters +after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word +following the cursor are not duplicated. +.TP .B visible\-stats (Off) If set to \fBOn\fP, a character denoting a file's type as reported by \fIstat\fP(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible diff --git a/doc/bash.1~ b/doc/bash.1~ index 5b6afff8..5bfaea7a 100644 --- a/doc/bash.1~ +++ b/doc/bash.1~ @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ .\" Case Western Reserve University .\" chet@po.cwru.edu .\" -.\" Last Change: Thu Jul 30 09:25:13 EDT 2009 +.\" Last Change: Sat Aug 22 12:02:47 EDT 2009 .\" .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY -.TH BASH 1 "2009 July 30" "GNU Bash-4.0" +.TH BASH 1 "2009 August 22" "GNU Bash-4.0" .\" .\" There's some problem with having a `@' .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros. @@ -1736,6 +1736,20 @@ A sample value is .if t \f(CW".:~:/usr"\fP. .if n ".:~:/usr". .TP +.B BASH_XTRACEFD +If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, \fBbash\fP +will write the trace output generated when +.if t \f(CWset -x\fP +.if n \fIset -x\fP +is enabled to that file descriptor. +The file descriptor is closed when \fBBASH_XTRACEFD\fP is unset or assigned +a new value. +Unsetting \fBBASH_XTRACEFD\fP or assigning it the empty string causes the +trace output to be sent to the standard error. +Note that setting \fPBASH_XTRACEFD\fP to 2 (the standard error file +descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error +being closed. +.TP .B COLUMNS Used by the \fBselect\fP builtin command to determine the terminal width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a SIGWINCH. @@ -5036,6 +5050,14 @@ possible partial completion (the possible completions don't share a common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. .TP +.B skip\-completed\-text (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, this alters the default completion behavior when +inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when +performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled, readline +does not insert characters from the completion that match characters +after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word +following the cursor are not duplicated. +.TP .B visible\-stats (Off) If set to \fBOn\fP, a character denoting a file's type as reported by \fIstat\fP(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible @@ -5896,7 +5918,7 @@ completion function would load completions dynamically: \f(CW_completion_loader() .br { -.br +.brb . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124 .br } diff --git a/doc/bash.html b/doc/bash.html index 27098ed2..656466ad 100644 --- a/doc/bash.html +++ b/doc/bash.html @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ </HEAD> <BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%> <TR> -<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 July 30<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1) +<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 August 17<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1) </TR> </TABLE> <BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A> @@ -555,10 +555,17 @@ or allow them to be specified. If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user (group) id, and the <B>-p</B> option is not supplied, no startup files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, the -<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELLOPTS</B> +<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELLOPTS</B>, </FONT> -variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored, +<B>BASHOPTS</B>, + +<B>CDPATH</B>, + +and +<B>GLOBIGNORE</B> + +variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective user id is set to the real user id. If the <B>-p</B> option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is the same, but the effective user id is not reset. @@ -1695,6 +1702,34 @@ The following variables are set by the shell: Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of <B>bash</B>. +<DT><B>BASHOPTS</B> + +<DD> +A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in +the list is a valid argument for the +<B>-s</B> + +option to the +<B>shopt</B> + +builtin command (see +<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS</B> + +</FONT> +below). The options appearing in +<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASHOPTS</B> + +</FONT> +are those reported as +<I>on</I> + +by <B>shopt</B>. +If this variable is in the environment when +<B>bash</B> + +starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before +reading any startup files. +This variable is read-only. <DT><B>BASHPID</B> <DD> @@ -2204,6 +2239,21 @@ command. A sample value is <TT>".:~:/usr"</TT>. +<DT><B>BASH_XTRACEFD</B> + +<DD> +If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, <B>bash</B> +will write the trace output generated when +<TT>set -x</TT> + +is enabled to that file descriptor. +The file descriptor is closed when <B>BASH_XTRACEFD</B> is unset or assigned +a new value. +Unsetting <B>BASH_XTRACEFD</B> or assigning it the empty string causes the +trace output to be sent to the standard error. +Note that setting BASH_XTRACEFD to 2 (the standard error file +descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error +being closed. <DT><B>COLUMNS</B> <DD> @@ -7295,6 +7345,16 @@ character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences. <DD> A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences. +<DT><B>skip-csi-sequence ()</B> + +<DD> +Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those +defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin with a +Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[. If this sequence is +bound to "\[", keys producing such sequences will have no effect +unless explicitly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting +stray characters into the editing buffer. This is unbound by default, +but usually bound to ESC-[. <DT><B>insert-comment (M-#)</B> <DD> @@ -7379,12 +7439,17 @@ below), the programmable completion facilities are invoked. <P> First, the command name is identified. +If the command word is the empty string (completion attempted at the +beginning of an empty line), any compspec defined with +the <B>-E</B> option to <B>complete</B> is used. If a compspec has been defined for that command, the compspec is used to generate the list of possible completions for the word. If the command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is searched for first. If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find a compspec for the portion following the final slash. +If those searches to not result in a compspec, any compspec defined with +the <B>-D</B> option to <B>complete</B> is used as the default. <P> Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of @@ -7544,6 +7609,43 @@ the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to the value of the <B>mark-directories</B> readline variable, regardless of the setting of the <B>mark-symlinked-directories</B> readline variable. +<P> + +There is some support for dynamically modifying completions. This is +most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified +with <B>complete -D</B>. +It's possible for shell functions executed as completion +handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an +exit status of 124. If a shell function returns 124, and changes +the compspec associated with the command on which completion is being +attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is executed), +programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an +attempt to find a compspec for that command. This allows a set of +completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather than +being loaded all at once. +<P> + +For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a +file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default +completion function would load completions dynamically: +<P> + +<TT>_completion_loader() +<BR> + +{ +<BR> + +<TT> </TT>. "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124<BR> +<BR> + +} +<BR> + +complete -D -F _completion_loader +<BR> + +</TT> <A NAME="lbCW"> </A> <H3>HISTORY</H3> @@ -10601,6 +10703,8 @@ environment, and the <FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELLOPTS</B>, </FONT> +<B>BASHOPTS</B>, + <B>CDPATH</B>, and @@ -12109,7 +12213,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time. <HR> <TABLE WIDTH=100%> <TR> -<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.0<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 July 30<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1) +<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.0<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 August 17<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1) </TR> </TABLE> <HR> @@ -12215,6 +12319,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time. </DL> <HR> This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR> -Time: 03 August 2009 10:10:44 EDT +Time: 17 August 2009 14:46:46 EDT </BODY> </HTML> diff --git a/doc/bash.pdf b/doc/bash.pdf Binary files differindex fbac962b..4e58d615 100644 --- a/doc/bash.pdf +++ b/doc/bash.pdf diff --git a/doc/bash.ps b/doc/bash.ps index 234b13c3..421b0617 100644 --- a/doc/bash.ps +++ b/doc/bash.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2 -%%CreationDate: Mon Aug 3 10:10:38 2009 +%%CreationDate: Mon Aug 17 14:38:17 2009 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic @@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ E F2(po)2.5 E F0(\(portable object\) \214le format.)2.5 E F2 144 686.4 Q .3 -.15(ve \()-.25 H(see).15 E F4(INV)2.5 E(OCA)-.405 E (TION)-.855 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(\255\255login)108 703.2 Q F0 (Equi)144 715.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2<ad6c>2.5 E F0(.)A -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(1)203.165 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(1)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 2 2 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ F(ariable)-.25 E F3 -.27(BA)108 679.2 S(SH_ENV).27 E F0 1.01(in the en) 108 727.2 S 2.5(tt).2 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of the)-.25 E F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G (TH)-.189 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G (riable is not used to search for the \214le name.).25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 -768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(2)203.165 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(2)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 3 3 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -526,15 +526,17 @@ E F2 -.1(rs)3.386 G(hd).1 E F0 .886(does not generally in)3.386 F -.2 (ser \(group\) id not equal to the real user \(group\) id, and the).15 F F1<ad70>3.708 E F0 .536(option is not supplied, no startup \214les are \ read, shell functions are not inherited from the en)108 326.4 R .535 -(vironment, the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)108 338.4 Q F0 -.25(va)2.459 G .21 -(riable, if it appears in the en).25 F .21 -(vironment, is ignored, and the ef)-.4 F(fecti)-.25 E .51 -.15(ve u)-.25 -H .21(ser id is set to the real).15 F .261(user id.)108 350.4 R .261 -(If the)5.261 F F1<ad70>2.761 E F0 .261(option is supplied at in)2.761 F --.2(vo)-.4 G .261(cation, the startup beha).2 F .261 -(vior is the same, b)-.2 F .261(ut the ef)-.2 F(fecti)-.25 E .561 -.15 -(ve u)-.25 H .261(ser id).15 F(is not reset.)108 362.4 Q/F5 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(DEFINITIONS)72 379.2 Q F0(The follo)108 391.2 Q +(vironment, the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)108 338.4 Q F4(,)A F1 -.3(BA)2.765 G +(SHOPTS).3 E F0(,)A F1(CDP)3.015 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 3.015(,a)C +(nd)-3.015 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)3.015 E F0 -.25(va)3.015 G .515 +(riables, if the).25 F 3.015(ya)-.15 G .516(ppear in the en)-3.015 F +(vironment,)-.4 E .195(are ignored, and the ef)108 350.4 R(fecti)-.25 E +.495 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .195(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .194 +(If the)5.194 F F1<ad70>2.694 E F0 .194(option is supplied at in)2.694 F +-.2(vo)-.4 G .194(cation, the).2 F(startup beha)108 362.4 Q +(vior is the same, b)-.2 E(ut the ef)-.2 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u) +-.25 H(ser id is not reset.).15 E/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(DEFINITIONS) +72 379.2 Q F0(The follo)108 391.2 Q (wing de\214nitions are used throughout the rest of this document.)-.25 E F1(blank)108 403.2 Q F0 2.5(As)11.54 G(pace or tab)-2.5 E(.)-.4 E F1 -.1(wo)108 415.2 S(rd).1 E F0 2.5(As)13.88 G @@ -579,7 +581,7 @@ F1(Pipelines)87 691.2 Q F0(A)108 703.2 Q F2(pipeline)2.996 E F0 .496(is\ a sequence of one or more commands separated by one of the control ope\ rators)2.996 F F1(|)2.996 E F0(or)2.996 E F1(|&)2.996 E F0 5.496(.T)C (he)-5.496 E(format for a pipeline is:)108 715.2 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(3)203.165 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(3)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 4 4 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -699,7 +701,7 @@ E(\(\()108 703.2 Q F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(\)\))A(The)144 (A-)-.54 E(TION)144 727.2 Q/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .411(If the v) 4.911 F .411(alue of the e)-.25 F .411(xpression is non-zero, the retur\ n status is 0; otherwise the return status)-.15 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(4)203.165 E 0 Cg EP +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(4)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 5 5 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -834,7 +836,7 @@ F2(list)3.092 E F0 .592(is e)3.092 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .592 (list)2.728 E F0 .228(that is e)2.728 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .228(cuted, or f) .15 F .228(alse if an)-.1 F 2.728(yo)-.15 G 2.728(ft)-2.728 G(he)-2.728 E -.15(ex)144 715.2 S(pressions is in).15 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid.).25 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(5)203.165 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(5)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 6 6 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -988,7 +990,7 @@ F .511(xt of the e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .511(cuting shell.).15 F .511 3.131(_PID. 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This)144 312 R -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is read-only).25 E(.)-.65 E +F1 -.3(BA)108 324 S(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .889(An array v)144 336 R .889(ar\ iable whose members are the source \214lenames corresponding to the ele\ -ments in the)-.25 F F1(FUNCN)144 264 Q(AME)-.2 E F0(array v)2.5 E -(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 276 S(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0 .402 -(Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell en)144 288 R .401 +ments in the)-.25 F F1(FUNCN)144 348 Q(AME)-.2 E F0(array v)2.5 E +(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 360 S(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0 .402 +(Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell en)144 372 R .401 (vironment is spa)-.4 F 2.901(wned. The)-.15 F .401(initial v)2.901 F -.401(alue is)-.25 F(0.)144 300 Q F1 -.3(BA)108 312 S(SH_VERSINFO).3 E F0 -2.644(Ar)144 324 S .144(eadonly array v)-2.644 F .144 +.401(alue is)-.25 F(0.)144 384 Q F1 -.3(BA)108 396 S(SH_VERSINFO).3 E F0 +2.644(Ar)144 408 S .144(eadonly array v)-2.644 F .144 (ariable whose members hold v)-.25 F .144 (ersion information for this instance of)-.15 F F1(bash)2.645 E F0 5.145 -(.T)C(he)-5.145 E -.25(va)144 336 S +(.T)C(he)-5.145 E -.25(va)144 420 S (lues assigned to the array members are as follo).25 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 -.3 -(BA)144 354 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(0)A F1(])A F0(The major v)24.74 E +(BA)144 438 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(0)A F1(])A F0(The major v)24.74 E (ersion number \(the)-.15 E F2 -.37(re)2.5 G(lease).37 E F0(\).)A F1 -.3 -(BA)144 366 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(1)A F1(])A F0(The minor v)24.74 E +(BA)144 450 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(1)A F1(])A F0(The minor v)24.74 E (ersion number \(the)-.15 E F2(ver)2.5 E(sion)-.1 E F0(\).)A F1 -.3(BA) -144 378 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(2)A F1(])A F0(The patch le)24.74 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E F1 -.3(BA)144 390 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(3)A F1(])A -F0(The b)24.74 E(uild v)-.2 E(ersion.)-.15 E F1 -.3(BA)144 402 S +144 462 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(2)A F1(])A F0(The patch le)24.74 E -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E F1 -.3(BA)144 474 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(3)A F1(])A +F0(The b)24.74 E(uild v)-.2 E(ersion.)-.15 E F1 -.3(BA)144 486 S (SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(4)A F1(])A F0(The release status \(e.g.,)24.74 E -F2(beta1)2.5 E F0(\).)A F1 -.3(BA)144 414 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(5)A F1 +F2(beta1)2.5 E F0(\).)A F1 -.3(BA)144 498 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(5)A F1 (])A F0(The v)24.74 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(MA)2.5 E(CHTYPE)-.55 E F0(.)A F1 --.3(BA)108 430.8 S(SH_VERSION).3 E F0 -(Expands to a string describing the v)144 442.8 Q +-.3(BA)108 514.8 S(SH_VERSION).3 E F0 +(Expands to a string describing the v)144 526.8 Q (ersion of this instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(COMP_CW)108 -459.6 Q(ORD)-.1 E F0 .397(An inde)144 471.6 R 2.897(xi)-.15 G(nto)-2.897 +543.6 Q(ORD)-.1 E F0 .397(An inde)144 555.6 R 2.897(xi)-.15 G(nto)-2.897 E F1(${COMP_W)2.896 E(ORDS})-.1 E F0 .396(of the w)2.896 F .396 (ord containing the current cursor position.)-.1 F .396(This v)5.396 F -(ari-)-.25 E 1.18(able is a)144 483.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.181 +(ari-)-.25 E 1.18(able is a)144 567.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.181 (ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.681 (db).1 G 3.681(yt)-3.681 G 1.181(he programmable completion f)-3.681 F -1.181(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)144 495.6 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 -E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_KEY)108 512.4 Q F0(The k)144 524.4 Q +1.181(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)144 579.6 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 +E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_KEY)108 596.4 Q F0(The k)144 608.4 Q .3 -.15(ey \()-.1 H(or \214nal k).15 E .3 -.15(ey o)-.1 H 2.5(fak).15 G .3 -.15(ey s)-2.6 H(equence\) used to in).15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .2 -.1(ke t) -.2 H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 541.2 Q F0 -1.208(The current command line.)144 553.2 R 1.208(This v)6.208 F 1.208 +.2 H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 625.2 Q F0 +1.208(The current command line.)144 637.2 R 1.208(This v)6.208 F 1.208 (ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.208 (ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 1.207(xternal com-)-.15 F -2.848(mands in)144 565.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.349(db).1 G 5.349 +2.848(mands in)144 649.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.349(db).1 G 5.349 (yt)-5.349 G 2.849(he programmable completion f)-5.349 F 2.849 (acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.349 E 2.849(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F -F0(belo)144 577.2 Q(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_POINT)108 594 Q F0 .667 -(The inde)144 606 R 3.167(xo)-.15 G 3.167(ft)-3.167 G .666 +F0(belo)144 661.2 Q(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_POINT)108 678 Q F0 .667 +(The inde)144 690 R 3.167(xo)-.15 G 3.167(ft)-3.167 G .666 (he current cursor position relati)-3.167 F .966 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.166 (ot).15 G .666(he be)-3.166 F .666(ginning of the current command.)-.15 F .666(If the)5.666 F .534 (current cursor position is at the end of the current command, the v)144 -618 R .535(alue of this v)-.25 F .535(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1 -(${#COMP_LINE})144 630 Q F0 7.006(.T)C 2.006(his v)-7.006 F 2.006 +702 R .535(alue of this v)-.25 F .535(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1 +(${#COMP_LINE})144 714 Q F0 7.006(.T)C 2.006(his v)-7.006 F 2.006 (ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 2.005 (ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 2.005(xternal commands)-.15 -F(in)144 642 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(db).1 G 2.5(yt)-2.5 G +F(in)144 726 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(db).1 G 2.5(yt)-2.5 G (he programmable completion f)-2.5 E(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E -(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_TYPE)108 -658.8 Q F0 .041(Set to an inte)144 670.8 R .041(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue \ -corresponding to the type of completion attempted that caused a complet\ -ion)-.25 F .338(function to be called:)144 682.8 R F2 -.5(TA)2.837 G(B) -.5 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or normal completion,)-2.837 F F2(?)2.837 E F0 -2.837(,f)C .337(or listing completions after successi)-2.837 F .637 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 694.8 Q F0 4.091(,f)C 1.591 +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 +768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(10)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 11 11 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_TYPE)108 84 Q F0 .041(Set to an inte) +144 96 R .041(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue corresponding to the type of compl\ +etion attempted that caused a completion)-.25 F .338 +(function to be called:)144 108 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5(TA)2.837 G +(B).5 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or normal completion,)-2.837 F F2(?)2.837 E +F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or listing completions after successi)-2.837 F .637 +-.15(ve t)-.25 H(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 120 Q F0 4.091(,f)C 1.591 (or listing alternati)-4.091 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.092(so).15 G 4.092(np) -4.092 G 1.592(artial w)-4.092 F 1.592(ord completion,)-.1 F F2(@)4.092 E F0 4.092(,t)C 4.092(ol)-4.092 G 1.592(ist completions if the w)-4.092 -F 1.592(ord is not)-.1 F 1.553(unmodi\214ed, or)144 706.8 R F2(%)4.053 E +F 1.592(ord is not)-.1 F 1.553(unmodi\214ed, or)144 132 R F2(%)4.053 E F0 4.052(,f)C 1.552(or menu completion.)-4.052 F 1.552(This v)6.552 F 1.552(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.552 -(ilable only in shell functions and).25 F -.15(ex)144 718.8 S 2.928 +(ilable only in shell functions and).25 F -.15(ex)144 144 S 2.928 (ternal commands in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.429(db).1 G 5.429 (yt)-5.429 G 2.929(he programmable completion f)-5.429 F 2.929 (acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.429 E(ogrammable)-.18 E(Completion)144 -730.8 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30) -148.175 E(10)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 11 11 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)108 84 Q(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E F0 1.336 -(The set of characters that the)144 96 R F1 -.18(re)3.836 G(adline).18 E -F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.335 +156 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_W)108 172.8 Q(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E F0 +1.336(The set of characters that the)144 184.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.836 G +(adline).18 E F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.335 (ord separators when performing w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E 3.125(completion. If) -144 108 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)3.125 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626 +144 196.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)3.125 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626 (is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.875 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.126(ni).15 G 3.126(fi)-3.126 G 3.126(ti)-3.126 G 3.126(ss)-3.126 G -(ubse-)-3.126 E(quently reset.)144 120 Q F1(COMP_W)108 136.8 Q(ORDS)-.1 -E F0 .654(An array v)144 148.8 R .654(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays) -3.154 E F0(belo)3.154 E .654(w\) consisting of the indi)-.25 F .653 -(vidual w)-.25 F .653(ords in the current command)-.1 F 3.537(line. The) -144 160.8 R 1.037(line is split into w)3.537 F 1.037(ords as)-.1 F F1 --.18(re)3.537 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(wo)3.537 G 1.037 +(ubse-)-3.126 E(quently reset.)144 208.8 Q F1(COMP_W)108 225.6 Q(ORDS) +-.1 E F0 .654(An array v)144 237.6 R .654(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1 +(Arrays)3.154 E F0(belo)3.154 E .654(w\) consisting of the indi)-.25 F +.653(vidual w)-.25 F .653(ords in the current command)-.1 F 3.537 +(line. The)144 249.6 R 1.037(line is split into w)3.537 F 1.037(ords as) +-.1 F F1 -.18(re)3.537 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(wo)3.537 G 1.037 (uld split it, using).1 F F1(COMP_W)3.538 E(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E F0(as)3.538 -E .832(described abo)144 172.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.832(.T).15 G .832 +E .832(described abo)144 261.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.832(.T).15 G .832 (his v)-5.832 F .832(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .831 (ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.331 (db).1 G 3.331(yt)-3.331 G .831(he programmable)-3.331 F(completion f) -144 184.8 Q(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 -E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(DIRST)108 201.6 Q -.55(AC)-.9 G(K).55 E -F0 2.26(An array v)144 213.6 R 2.26(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)4.76 +144 273.6 Q(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 +E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(DIRST)108 290.4 Q -.55(AC)-.9 G(K).55 E +F0 2.26(An array v)144 302.4 R 2.26(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)4.76 E F0(belo)4.76 E 2.26 (w\) containing the current contents of the directory stack.)-.25 F -1.095(Directories appear in the stack in the order the)144 225.6 R 3.594 +1.095(Directories appear in the stack in the order the)144 314.4 R 3.594 (ya)-.15 G 1.094(re displayed by the)-3.594 F F1(dirs)3.594 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.594 G 3.594(iltin. Assigning).2 F(to)3.594 E 1.431 -(members of this array v)144 237.6 R 1.432 +(members of this array v)144 326.4 R 1.432 (ariable may be used to modify directories already in the stack, b)-.25 -F 1.432(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)144 249.6 Q F0(and)2.746 E F1(popd)2.746 E +F 1.432(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)144 338.4 Q F0(and)2.746 E F1(popd)2.746 E F0 -.2(bu)2.746 G .246(iltins must be used to add and remo).2 F .546 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.746(irectories. Assignment).15 F .246(to this v)2.746 -F(ariable)-.25 E .35(will not change the current directory)144 261.6 R -5.35(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.35 E F2(DIRST)2.85 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 .35 +F(ariable)-.25 E .35(will not change the current directory)144 350.4 R +5.35(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.35 E F3(DIRST)2.85 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 .35 (is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.6 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.851 -(ni).15 G(f)-2.851 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 273.6 Q F1(EUID)108 -290.4 Q F0 1.104(Expands to the ef)11 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.403 -.15(ve u) +(ni).15 G(f)-2.851 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 362.4 Q F1(EUID)108 +379.2 Q F0 1.104(Expands to the ef)11 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.403 -.15(ve u) -.25 H 1.103(ser ID of the current user).15 F 3.603(,i)-.4 G 1.103 (nitialized at shell startup.)-3.603 F 1.103(This v)6.103 F 1.103 -(ariable is)-.25 F(readonly)144 302.4 Q(.)-.65 E F1(FUNCN)108 319.2 Q -(AME)-.2 E F0 .478(An array v)144 331.2 R .479 +(ariable is)-.25 F(readonly)144 391.2 Q(.)-.65 E F1(FUNCN)108 408 Q(AME) +-.2 E F0 .478(An array v)144 420 R .479 (ariable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the e) -.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .479(cution call stack.).15 F .277 -(The element with inde)144 343.2 R 2.777(x0i)-.15 G 2.777(st)-2.777 G -.276(he name of an)-2.777 F 2.776(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.776 E -.15(xe) --.15 G .276(cuting shell function.).15 F .276(The bottom-most)5.276 F -.25(element is)144 355.2 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.75 E F0 5.25(.T)C -.25(his v)-5.25 F .25(ariable e)-.25 F .25 +(The element with inde)144 432 R 2.777(x0i)-.15 G 2.777(st)-2.777 G .276 +(he name of an)-2.777 F 2.776(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.776 E -.15(xe)-.15 +G .276(cuting shell function.).15 F .276(The bottom-most)5.276 F .25 +(element is)144 444 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.75 E F0 5.25(.T)C .25 +(his v)-5.25 F .25(ariable e)-.25 F .25 (xists only when a shell function is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.75 -(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to)2.75 E F2(FUNCN)144 367.2 Q(AME)-.18 E F0 +(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to)2.75 E F3(FUNCN)144 456 Q(AME)-.18 E F0 (ha)2.635 E .685 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.885(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.885 G .385 -(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.385 E F2(FUNCN)2.885 E(AME) +(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.385 E F3(FUNCN)2.885 E(AME) -.18 E F0 .384(is unset, it loses its special)2.634 F(properties, e)144 -379.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss) --2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(GR)108 396 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.228 -(An array v)144 408 R 1.228(ariable containing the list of groups of wh\ -ich the current user is a member)-.25 F 6.229(.A)-.55 G(ssign-)-6.229 E -.597(ments to)144 420 R F2(GR)3.097 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0(ha)2.847 E .897 +468 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss) +-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(GR)108 484.8 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.228 +(An array v)144 496.8 R 1.228(ariable containing the list of groups of \ +which the current user is a member)-.25 F 6.229(.A)-.55 G(ssign-)-6.229 +E .597(ments to)144 508.8 R F3(GR)3.097 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0(ha)2.847 E .897 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 3.097(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-3.097 G .597 -(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.597 E F2(GR)3.097 E(OUPS) +(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.597 E F3(GR)3.097 E(OUPS) -.27 E F0 .597(is unset, it loses its spe-)2.847 F(cial properties, e) -144 432 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5 -(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCMD)108 448.8 Q F0 .355 -(The history number)144 460.8 R 2.855(,o)-.4 G 2.855(ri)-2.855 G(nde) +144 520.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5 +(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCMD)108 537.6 Q F0 .355 +(The history number)144 549.6 R 2.855(,o)-.4 G 2.855(ri)-2.855 G(nde) -2.855 E 2.856(xi)-.15 G 2.856(nt)-2.856 G .356 -(he history list, of the current command.)-2.856 F(If)5.356 E F2 +(he history list, of the current command.)-2.856 F(If)5.356 E F3 (HISTCMD)2.856 E F0 .356(is unset, it)2.606 F -(loses its special properties, e)144 472.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G +(loses its special properties, e)144 561.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1 -(HOSTN)108 489.6 Q(AME)-.2 E F0 -(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)144 501.6 Q F1 -(HOSTTYPE)108 518.4 Q F0 .223(Automatically set to a string that unique\ -ly describes the type of machine on which)144 530.4 R F1(bash)2.722 E F0 -.222(is e)2.722 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144 542.4 R -(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(LINENO)108 559.2 Q F0 -1.408(Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a d\ -ecimal number representing the)144 571.2 R .078(current sequential line\ - number \(starting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 583.2 R -.078(When not in a script or)5.078 F .306(function, the v)144 595.2 R -.306(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If) -5.307 E F2(LINENO)2.807 E F0 .307(is unset, it loses its)2.557 F -(special properties, e)144 607.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi) --2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(MA)108 -624 Q(CHTYPE)-.55 E F0 .898(Automatically set to a string that fully de\ -scribes the system type on which)144 636 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .898(is e) -3.398 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .898(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 648 Q -/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(cpu-company-system)2.5 E F0 2.5(format. The)2.5 -F(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(OLDPWD)108 664.8 Q F0 -(The pre)144 676.8 Q(vious w)-.25 E(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E -F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1(OPT)108 693.6 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.626 -(The v)144 705.6 R 1.627(alue of the last option ar)-.25 F 1.627 -(gument processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.127 E F0 -.2(bu)4.127 G -1.627(iltin command \(see).2 F F2(SHELL)4.127 E -.09(BU)144 717.6 S(IL) -.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 -768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(11)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +(HOSTN)108 578.4 Q(AME)-.2 E F0 +(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)144 590.4 Q F1 +(HOSTTYPE)108 607.2 Q F0 .223(Automatically set to a string that unique\ +ly describes the type of machine on which)144 619.2 R F1(bash)2.722 E F0 +.222(is e)2.722 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144 631.2 R +(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(LINENO)108 648 Q F0 1.408 +(Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a decima\ +l number representing the)144 660 R .078(current sequential line number\ + \(starting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 672 R .078 +(When not in a script or)5.078 F .306(function, the v)144 684 R .306 +(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.307 E +F3(LINENO)2.807 E F0 .307(is unset, it loses its)2.557 F +(special properties, e)144 696 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 +G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 +768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(11)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 12 12 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)108 84 Q F0 1.652(The inde)144 96 R -4.152(xo)-.15 G 4.152(ft)-4.152 G 1.652(he ne)-4.152 F 1.652(xt ar)-.15 -F 1.652(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.151 E F0 -.2 -(bu)4.151 G 1.651(iltin command \(see).2 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL) -4.151 E -.09(BU)144 108 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E -(w\).)-.25 E F1(OSTYPE)108 124.8 Q F0 .329(Automatically set to a strin\ -g that describes the operating system on which)144 136.8 R F1(bash)2.83 -E F0 .33(is e)2.83 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.83(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 148.8 -Q(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(PIPEST)108 165.6 Q -.95(AT)-.9 G -(US).95 E F0 .61(An array v)144 177.6 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1 -(Arrays)3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61(w\) containing a list of e)-.25 F .61 -(xit status v)-.15 F .61(alues from the processes in)-.25 F -(the most-recently-e)144 189.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(MA)108 84 Q(CHTYPE)-.55 E F0 .898(Automati\ +cally set to a string that fully describes the system type on which)144 +96 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .898(is e)3.398 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .898 +(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(cpu-company-system)2.5 E F0 2.5(format. The)2.5 F(def)2.5 E +(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(OLDPWD)108 124.8 Q F0(The pre)144 +136.8 Q(vious w)-.25 E(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E +F0(command.)2.5 E F1(OPT)108 153.6 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.626(The v)144 165.6 +R 1.627(alue of the last option ar)-.25 F 1.627(gument processed by the) +-.18 F F1(getopts)4.127 E F0 -.2(bu)4.127 G 1.627(iltin command \(see).2 +F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)4.127 E -.09(BU)144 177.6 S(IL).09 E +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OPTIND)108 194.4 Q +F0 1.652(The inde)144 206.4 R 4.152(xo)-.15 G 4.152(ft)-4.152 G 1.652 +(he ne)-4.152 F 1.652(xt ar)-.15 F 1.652(gument to be processed by the) +-.18 F F1(getopts)4.151 E F0 -.2(bu)4.151 G 1.651(iltin command \(see).2 +F F3(SHELL)4.151 E -.09(BU)144 218.4 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0 +(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OSTYPE)108 235.2 Q F0 .329(Automatically se\ +t to a string that describes the operating system on which)144 247.2 R +F1(bash)2.83 E F0 .33(is e)2.83 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.83(cuting. The).15 F +(def)144 259.2 Q(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(PIPEST)108 276 Q +-.95(AT)-.9 G(US).95 E F0 .61(An array v)144 288 R .61(ariable \(see) +-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61(w\) containing a list of e) +-.25 F .61(xit status v)-.15 F .61(alues from the processes in)-.25 F +(the most-recently-e)144 300 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E (ground pipeline \(which may contain only a single command\).)-.15 E F1 -(PPID)108 206.4 Q F0(The process ID of the shell')12.67 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G +(PPID)108 316.8 Q F0(The process ID of the shell')12.67 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G 2.5(arent. This)-2.5 F -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is readonly).25 E(.)-.65 E -F1(PWD)108 223.2 Q F0(The current w)12.67 E +F1(PWD)108 333.6 Q F0(The current w)12.67 E (orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1 -(RANDOM)108 240 Q F0 .565 -(Each time this parameter is referenced, a random inte)144 252 R .566 +(RANDOM)108 350.4 Q F0 .565 +(Each time this parameter is referenced, a random inte)144 362.4 R .566 (ger between 0 and 32767 is generated.)-.15 F(The)5.566 E .01 -(sequence of random numbers may be initialized by assigning a v)144 264 -R .01(alue to)-.25 F F2(RANDOM)2.51 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If) -4.51 E F2(RANDOM)2.51 E F0(is)2.26 E -(unset, it loses its special properties, e)144 276 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.) --2.5 E F1(REPL)108 292.8 Q(Y)-.92 E F0 -(Set to the line of input read by the)144 304.8 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad) +(sequence of random numbers may be initialized by assigning a v)144 +374.4 R .01(alue to)-.25 F F3(RANDOM)2.51 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 +(If)4.51 E F3(RANDOM)2.51 E F0(is)2.26 E +(unset, it loses its special properties, e)144 386.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G +(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(REPL)108 403.2 Q(Y)-.92 E F0 +(Set to the line of input read by the)144 415.2 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad) .18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command when no ar).2 E -(guments are supplied.)-.18 E F1(SECONDS)108 321.6 Q F0 .795(Each time \ -this parameter is referenced, the number of seconds since shell in)144 -333.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .795(cation is returned.).2 F .713(If a v)144 345.6 -R .712(alue is assigned to)-.25 F F2(SECONDS)3.212 E F3(,)A F0 .712 -(the v)2.962 F .712 -(alue returned upon subsequent references is the number)-.25 F .407 -(of seconds since the assignment plus the v)144 357.6 R .408 -(alue assigned.)-.25 F(If)5.408 E F2(SECONDS)2.908 E F0 .408 -(is unset, it loses its special)2.658 F(properties, e)144 369.6 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G -(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(SHELLOPTS)108 386.4 Q F0 3.263(Ac)144 -398.4 S .763(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-3.263 F .763 +(guments are supplied.)-.18 E F1(SECONDS)108 432 Q F0 .795(Each time th\ +is parameter is referenced, the number of seconds since shell in)144 444 +R -.2(vo)-.4 G .795(cation is returned.).2 F .713(If a v)144 456 R .712 +(alue is assigned to)-.25 F F3(SECONDS)3.212 E F4(,)A F0 .712(the v) +2.962 F .712(alue returned upon subsequent references is the number)-.25 +F .407(of seconds since the assignment plus the v)144 468 R .408 +(alue assigned.)-.25 F(If)5.408 E F3(SECONDS)2.908 E F0 .408 +(is unset, it loses its special)2.658 F(properties, e)144 480 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G +(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(SHELLOPTS)108 496.8 Q F0 3.263(Ac)144 +508.8 S .763(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-3.263 F .763 (Each w)5.763 F .763(ord in the list is a v)-.1 F .763(alid ar)-.25 F -.763(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad6f>144 410.4 Q F0 1.173(option to the) +.763(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad6f>144 520.8 Q F0 1.173(option to the) 3.673 F F1(set)3.673 E F0 -.2(bu)3.673 G 1.173(iltin command \(see).2 F -F2 1.174(SHELL B)3.674 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.174(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo) -3.424 E 3.674(w\). The)-.25 F(options)3.674 E .02(appearing in)144 422.4 -R F2(SHELLOPTS)2.52 E F0 .019(are those reported as)2.27 F/F4 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(on)2.749 E F0(by)2.759 E F1 .019(set \255o)2.519 F F0 -5.019(.I)C 2.519(ft)-5.019 G .019(his v)-2.519 F .019 -(ariable is in the en)-.25 F(vironment)-.4 E(when)144 434.4 Q F1(bash) -3.141 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\ -d before reading an)3.141 F 3.142(ys)-.15 G .642(tartup \214les.)-3.142 -F(This v)144 446.4 Q(ariable is read-only)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(SHL)108 -463.2 Q(VL)-.92 E F0(Incremented by one each time an instance of)144 -475.2 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(is started.)2.5 E F1(UID)108 492 Q F0 +F3 1.174(SHELL B)3.674 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.174(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo) +3.424 E 3.674(w\). 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Unsetting)-2.866 F F1 -.3(BA)2.616 G +(SH_XTRA).3 E(CEFD)-.55 E F0 .116(or assign-)2.616 F .953(ing it the em\ +pty string causes the trace output to be sent to the standard error)144 +180 R 5.953(.N)-.55 G .953(ote that setting)-5.953 F F1 -.3(BA)144 192 S +(SH_XTRA).3 E(CEFD)-.55 E F0 .144(to 2 \(the standard error \214le desc\ +riptor\) and then unsetting it will result in the)2.644 F +(standard error being closed.)144 204 Q F1(COLUMNS)108 216 Q F0 .425 +(Used by the)144 228 R F1(select)2.925 E F0 -.2(bu)2.925 G .425(iltin c\ +ommand to determine the terminal width when printing selection lists.).2 +F(Automatically set upon receipt of a SIGWINCH.)144 240 Q F1(COMPREPL) +108 252 Q(Y)-.92 E F0 .848(An array v)144 264 R .848(ariable from which) +-.25 F F1(bash)3.348 E F0 .848 +(reads the possible completions generated by a shell function)3.348 F +(in)144 276 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(db).1 G 2.5(yt)-2.5 G +(he programmable completion f)-2.5 E(acility \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(EMA)108 288 Q +(CS)-.55 E F0(If)144 300 Q F1(bash)2.535 E F0 .035(\214nds this v)2.535 +F .035(ariable in the en)-.25 F .036 +(vironment when the shell starts with v)-.4 F(alue)-.25 E F2(t)2.536 E +F0 2.536(,i)C 2.536(ta)-2.536 G .036(ssumes that the)-2.536 F +(shell is running in an emacs shell b)144 312 Q(uf)-.2 E +(fer and disables line editing.)-.25 E F1(FCEDIT)108 324 Q F0(The def) +144 336 Q(ault editor for the)-.1 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin command.).2 E F1(FIGNORE)108 348 Q F0 2.599(Ac)144 360 S .098 +(olon-separated list of suf)-2.599 F<8c78>-.25 E .098 (es to ignore when performing \214lename completion \(see)-.15 F/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)2.599 E F0(belo)144 168 Q 2.705(w\). A)-.25 F -.205(\214lename whose suf)2.705 F .205 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)2.598 E F0(belo)144 372 Q 2.704(w\). A)-.25 F +.204(\214lename whose suf)2.704 F .205 (\214x matches one of the entries in)-.25 F F3(FIGNORE)2.705 E F0 .205 -(is e)2.455 F .204(xcluded from the list)-.15 F(of matched \214lenames.) -144 180 Q 2.5(As)5 G(ample v)-2.5 E(alue is)-.25 E F2(".o:~")2.5 E F0(.) -A F1(GLOBIGNORE)108 192 Q F0 3.118(Ac)144 204 S .618(olon-separated lis\ +(is e)2.455 F .205(xcluded from the list)-.15 F(of matched \214lenames.) +144 384 Q 2.5(As)5 G(ample v)-2.5 E(alue is)-.25 E F2(".o:~")2.5 E F0(.) +A F1(GLOBIGNORE)108 396 Q F0 3.118(Ac)144 408 S .618(olon-separated lis\ t of patterns de\214ning the set of \214lenames to be ignored by pathna\ -me e)-3.118 F(xpan-)-.15 E 3.132(sion. If)144 216 R 3.132<618c>3.132 G +me e)-3.118 F(xpan-)-.15 E 3.131(sion. If)144 420 R 3.132<618c>3.131 G .632(lename matched by a pathname e)-3.132 F .632 (xpansion pattern also matches one of the patterns in)-.15 F F3 -(GLOBIGNORE)144 228 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(it is remo)2.25 E +(GLOBIGNORE)144 432 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(it is remo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(df).15 G(rom the list of matches.)-2.5 E F1 -(HISTCONTR)108 240 Q(OL)-.3 E F0 2.653(Ac)144 252 S .153 -(olon-separated list of v)-2.653 F .153(alues controlling ho)-.25 F +(HISTCONTR)108 444 Q(OL)-.3 E F0 2.654(Ac)144 456 S .153 +(olon-separated list of v)-2.654 F .153(alues controlling ho)-.25 F 2.653(wc)-.25 G .153(ommands are sa)-2.653 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.653(do).15 -G 2.653(nt)-2.653 G .153(he history list.)-2.653 F .154(If the list) -5.153 F .491(of v)144 264 R .491(alues includes)-.25 F/F5 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(ignor)2.991 E(espace)-.37 E F0 2.991(,l).18 G .491 -(ines which be)-2.991 F .491(gin with a)-.15 F F1(space)2.991 E F0 .49 -(character are not sa)2.991 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.99(di).15 G 2.99(nt)-2.99 -G .49(he his-)-2.99 F .557(tory list.)144 276 R 3.057(Av)5.557 G .557 -(alue of)-3.307 F F5(ignor)3.067 E(edups)-.37 E F0 .557 -(causes lines matching the pre)3.327 F .558 -(vious history entry to not be sa)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E 2.959 -(Av)144 288 S .459(alue of)-3.209 F F5(ignor)2.969 E(eboth)-.37 E F0 -.459(is shorthand for)3.239 F F5(ignor)2.959 E(espace)-.37 E F0(and) -2.959 E F5(ignor)2.958 E(edups)-.37 E F0 5.458(.A)C -.25(va)-2.5 G .458 -(lue of).25 F F5(er)2.958 E(asedups)-.15 E F0(causes)2.958 E .698 -(all pre)144 300 R .698 +G 2.653(nt)-2.653 G .153(he history list.)-2.653 F .153(If the list) +5.153 F .49(of v)144 468 R .49(alues includes)-.25 F/F5 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(ignor)2.99 E(espace)-.37 E F0 2.99(,l).18 G .49 +(ines which be)-2.99 F .491(gin with a)-.15 F F1(space)2.991 E F0 .491 +(character are not sa)2.991 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.991(di).15 G 2.991(nt) +-2.991 G .491(he his-)-2.991 F .558(tory list.)144 480 R 3.058(Av)5.558 +G .558(alue of)-3.308 F F5(ignor)3.068 E(edups)-.37 E F0 .558 +(causes lines matching the pre)3.328 F .557 +(vious history entry to not be sa)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E 2.958 +(Av)144 492 S .458(alue of)-3.208 F F5(ignor)2.968 E(eboth)-.37 E F0 +.458(is shorthand for)3.238 F F5(ignor)2.959 E(espace)-.37 E F0(and) +2.959 E F5(ignor)2.959 E(edups)-.37 E F0 5.459(.A)C -.25(va)-2.5 G .459 +(lue of).25 F F5(er)2.959 E(asedups)-.15 E F0(causes)2.959 E .699 +(all pre)144 504 R .698 (vious lines matching the current line to be remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.198(df).15 G .699(rom the history list before that line is)-3.198 F -(sa)144 312 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.297(d. An).15 F 4.297(yv)-.15 G 1.797 -(alue not in the abo)-4.547 F 2.097 -.15(ve l)-.15 H 1.797 +3.198(df).15 G .698(rom the history list before that line is)-3.198 F +(sa)144 516 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.296(d. An).15 F 4.296(yv)-.15 G 1.797 +(alue not in the abo)-4.546 F 2.097 -.15(ve l)-.15 H 1.797 (ist is ignored.).15 F(If)6.797 E F1(HISTCONTR)4.297 E(OL)-.3 E F0 1.797 -(is unset, or does not)4.297 F .612(include a v)144 324 R .612(alid v) +(is unset, or does not)4.297 F .613(include a v)144 528 R .612(alid v) -.25 F .612(alue, all lines read by the shell parser are sa)-.25 F -.15 (ve)-.2 G 3.112(do).15 G 3.112(nt)-3.112 G .612 -(he history list, subject to the)-3.112 F -.25(va)144 336 S .986(lue of) -.25 F F1(HISTIGNORE)3.486 E F0 5.986(.T)C .986 +(he history list, subject to the)-3.112 F -.25(va)144 540 S .985(lue of) +.25 F F1(HISTIGNORE)3.485 E F0 5.986(.T)C .986 (he second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command)-5.986 -F(are not tested, and are added to the history re)144 348 Q -.05(ga)-.15 +F(are not tested, and are added to the history re)144 552 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(rdless of the v).05 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(HISTCONTR)2.5 E(OL)-.3 E F0(.) -A F1(HISTFILE)108 360 Q F0 .181 -(The name of the \214le in which command history is sa)144 372 R -.15 +A F1(HISTFILE)108 564 Q F0 .181 +(The name of the \214le in which command history is sa)144 576 R -.15 (ve)-.2 G 2.681(d\().15 G(see)-2.681 E F3(HIST)2.681 E(OR)-.162 E(Y) --.315 E F0(belo)2.431 E 2.682(w\). The)-.25 F(def)2.682 E .182(ault v) --.1 F(alue)-.25 E(is)144 384 Q F5(~/.bash_history)2.5 E F0 5(.I)C 2.5 +-.315 E F0(belo)2.431 E 2.681(w\). The)-.25 F(def)2.681 E .181(ault v) +-.1 F(alue)-.25 E(is)144 588 Q F5(~/.bash_history)2.5 E F0 5(.I)C 2.5 (fu)-5 G(nset, the command history is not sa)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5 (dw).15 G(hen an interacti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell e).15 E -(xits.)-.15 E F1(HISTFILESIZE)108 396 Q F0 1.623 -(The maximum number of lines contained in the history \214le.)144 408 R -1.622(When this v)6.623 F 1.622(ariable is assigned a)-.25 F -.25(va)144 -420 S .305(lue, the history \214le is truncated, if necessary).25 F +(xits.)-.15 E F1(HISTFILESIZE)108 600 Q F0 1.622 +(The maximum number of lines contained in the history \214le.)144 612 R +1.623(When this v)6.623 F 1.623(ariable is assigned a)-.25 F -.25(va)144 +624 S .305(lue, the history \214le is truncated, if necessary).25 F 2.805(,b)-.65 G 2.805(yr)-2.805 G(emo)-2.805 E .305 -(ving the oldest entries, to contain no more)-.15 F .602 -(than that number of lines.)144 432 R .602(The def)5.602 F .602(ault v) --.1 F .602(alue is 500.)-.25 F .601 +(ving the oldest entries, to contain no more)-.15 F .601 +(than that number of lines.)144 636 R .601(The def)5.601 F .602(ault v) +-.1 F .602(alue is 500.)-.25 F .602 (The history \214le is also truncated to this size)5.602 F -(after writing it when an interacti)144 444 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -(hell e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(HISTIGNORE)108 456 Q F0 2.657(Ac)144 468 S -.157(olon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command lines\ - should be sa)-2.657 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.658(do).15 G 2.658(nt)-2.658 G -.158(he his-)-2.658 F .708(tory list.)144 480 R .708 -(Each pattern is anchored at the be)5.708 F .707 -(ginning of the line and must match the complete line)-.15 F .625 -(\(no implicit `)144 492 R F1(*)A F0 3.125('i)C 3.125(sa)-3.125 G 3.125 -(ppended\). Each)-3.125 F .626(pattern is tested ag)3.125 F .626 +(after writing it when an interacti)144 648 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H +(hell e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(HISTIGNORE)108 660 Q F0 2.658(Ac)144 672 S +.158(olon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command lines\ + should be sa)-2.658 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.657(do).15 G 2.657(nt)-2.657 G +.157(he his-)-2.657 F .707(tory list.)144 684 R .707 +(Each pattern is anchored at the be)5.707 F .708 +(ginning of the line and must match the complete line)-.15 F .626 +(\(no implicit `)144 696 R F1(*)A F0 3.126('i)C 3.126(sa)-3.126 G 3.126 +(ppended\). Each)-3.126 F .626(pattern is tested ag)3.126 F .625 (ainst the line after the checks speci\214ed by)-.05 F F1(HISTCONTR)144 -504 Q(OL)-.3 E F0 1.155(are applied.)3.655 F 1.154 +708 Q(OL)-.3 E F0 1.154(are applied.)3.654 F 1.154 (In addition to the normal shell pattern matching characters, `)6.154 F -F1(&)A F0(')A 2.514(matches the pre)144 516 R 2.514(vious history line.) +F1(&)A F0(')A 2.515(matches the pre)144 720 R 2.515(vious history line.) -.25 F(`)7.514 E F1(&)A F0 5.014('m)C 2.514 -(ay be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is)-5.014 F(remo)144 528 -Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.353(db).15 G .853(efore attempting a match.)-3.353 F -.852(The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound)5.852 F -(command are not tested, and are added to the history re)144 540 Q -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(rdless of the v).05 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(HISTIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -(.)A F1(HISTSIZE)108 552 Q F0 1.942 -(The number of commands to remember in the command history \(see)144 564 -R F3(HIST)4.443 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)4.193 E 4.443(w\). The) --.25 F(def)144 576 Q(ault v)-.1 E(alue is 500.)-.25 E F1(HISTTIMEFORMA) -108 588 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .952(If this v)144 600 R .952 -(ariable is set and not null, its v)-.25 F .951 -(alue is used as a format string for)-.25 F F5(strftime)3.451 E F0 .951 -(\(3\) to print the)B .672 -(time stamp associated with each history entry displayed by the)144 612 -R F1(history)3.173 E F0 -.2(bu)3.173 G 3.173(iltin. 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If).15 F .302(the v)2.802 F .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 (xists b)-.15 F .302(ut does not ha)-.2 F .602 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H .302 -(umeric v).15 F .302(alue, or has)-.25 F(no v)144 192 Q(alue, the def) +(umeric v).15 F .303(alue, or has)-.25 F(no v)144 396 Q(alue, the def) -.25 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is 10.)-.25 E(If it does not e)5 E(xist,)-.15 E F2(EOF)2.5 E F0(signi\214es the end of input to the shell.)2.25 E F1 -(INPUTRC)108 204 Q F0 1.435(The \214lename for the)144 216 R F1 -.18(re) +(INPUTRC)108 408 Q F0 1.436(The \214lename for the)144 420 R F1 -.18(re) 3.936 G(adline).18 E F0 1.436(startup \214le, o)3.936 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.436(rriding the def).15 F 1.436(ault of)-.1 F F3(~/.inputr)5.602 E(c) --.37 E F0(\(see)5.602 E F2(READLINE)3.936 E F0(belo)144 228 Q(w\).)-.25 -E F1(LANG)108 240 Q F0 1.24(Used to determine the locale cate)7.11 F -1.239(gory for an)-.15 F 3.739(yc)-.15 G(ate)-3.739 E 1.239 +-.37 E F0(\(see)5.601 E F2(READLINE)3.935 E F0(belo)144 432 Q(w\).)-.25 +E F1(LANG)108 444 Q F0 1.239(Used to determine the locale cate)7.11 F +1.239(gory for an)-.15 F 3.739(yc)-.15 G(ate)-3.739 E 1.24 (gory not speci\214cally selected with a v)-.15 F(ariable)-.25 E -(starting with)144 252 Q F1(LC_)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_ALL)108 264 Q F0 .764 -(This v)144 276 R .764(ariable o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .764 +(starting with)144 456 Q F1(LC_)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_ALL)108 468 Q F0 .764 +(This v)144 480 R .764(ariable o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .764 (rrides the v).15 F .764(alue of)-.25 F F1(LANG)3.264 E F0 .764(and an) 3.264 F 3.264(yo)-.15 G(ther)-3.264 E F1(LC_)3.264 E F0 -.25(va)3.264 G -.764(riable specifying a locale cate-).25 F(gory)144 288 Q(.)-.65 E F1 -(LC_COLLA)108 300 Q(TE)-.95 E F0 .412(This v)144 312 R .412(ariable det\ +.764(riable specifying a locale cate-).25 F(gory)144 492 Q(.)-.65 E F1 +(LC_COLLA)108 504 Q(TE)-.95 E F0 .411(This v)144 516 R .412(ariable det\ ermines the collation order used when sorting the results of pathname e) --.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E 1.464(and determines the beha)144 324 R 1.464 -(vior of range e)-.2 F 1.465(xpressions, equi)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G -1.465(lence classes, and collating sequences).25 F(within pathname e)144 -336 Q(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_CTYPE)108 348 Q F0 -1.936(This v)144 360 R 1.936 +-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E 1.465(and determines the beha)144 528 R 1.465 +(vior of range e)-.2 F 1.464(xpressions, equi)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G +1.464(lence classes, and collating sequences).25 F(within pathname e)144 +540 Q(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_CTYPE)108 552 Q F0 +1.935(This v)144 564 R 1.936 (ariable determines the interpretation of characters and the beha)-.25 F -1.935(vior of character classes)-.2 F(within pathname e)144 372 Q -(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_MESSA)108 384 Q(GES)-.55 E -F0(This v)144 396 Q(ariable determines the locale used to translate dou\ +1.936(vior of character classes)-.2 F(within pathname e)144 576 Q +(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_MESSA)108 588 Q(GES)-.55 E +F0(This v)144 600 Q(ariable determines the locale used to translate dou\ ble-quoted strings preceded by a)-.25 E F1($)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_NUMERIC) -108 408 Q F0(This v)144 420 Q(ariable determines the locale cate)-.25 E -(gory used for number formatting.)-.15 E F1(LINES)108 432 Q F0 1.218 -(Used by the)5.99 F F1(select)3.718 E F0 -.2(bu)3.718 G 1.219(iltin com\ +108 612 Q F0(This v)144 624 Q(ariable determines the locale cate)-.25 E +(gory used for number formatting.)-.15 E F1(LINES)108 636 Q F0 1.219 +(Used by the)5.99 F F1(select)3.719 E F0 -.2(bu)3.719 G 1.218(iltin com\ mand to determine the column length for printing selection lists.).2 F -(Automatically set upon receipt of a SIGWINCH.)144 444 Q F1(MAIL)108 456 -Q F0 .188(If this parameter is set to a \214le name and the)8.78 F F2 -(MAILP)2.687 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.25(va)2.437 G .187 -(riable is not set,).25 F F1(bash)2.687 E F0 .187(informs the user)2.687 -F(of the arri)144 468 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lo).25 G 2.5(fm)-2.5 G -(ail in the speci\214ed \214le.)-2.5 E F1(MAILCHECK)108 480 Q F0 .098 -(Speci\214es ho)144 492 R 2.598(wo)-.25 G .098(ften \(in seconds\)) --2.598 F F1(bash)2.598 E F0 .098(checks for mail.)2.598 F .098(The def) -5.098 F .098(ault is 60 seconds.)-.1 F .099(When it is time)5.099 F .224 +(Automatically set upon receipt of a SIGWINCH.)144 648 Q F1(MAIL)108 660 +Q F0 .187(If this parameter is set to a \214le name and the)8.78 F F2 +(MAILP)2.687 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.25(va)2.438 G .188 +(riable is not set,).25 F F1(bash)2.688 E F0 .188(informs the user)2.688 +F(of the arri)144 672 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lo).25 G 2.5(fm)-2.5 G +(ail in the speci\214ed \214le.)-2.5 E F1(MAILCHECK)108 684 Q F0 .099 +(Speci\214es ho)144 696 R 2.599(wo)-.25 G .099(ften \(in seconds\)) +-2.599 F F1(bash)2.598 E F0 .098(checks for mail.)2.598 F .098(The def) +5.098 F .098(ault is 60 seconds.)-.1 F .098(When it is time)5.098 F .223 (to check for mail, the shell does so before displaying the primary pro\ -mpt.)144 504 R .223(If this v)5.223 F .223(ariable is unset,)-.25 F .066 -(or set to a v)144 516 R .066(alue that is not a number greater than or\ - equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.)-.25 F F1(MAILP)108 -528 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 2.815(Ac)144 540 S .314 -(olon-separated list of \214le names to be check)-2.815 F .314 -(ed for mail.)-.1 F .314(The message to be printed when mail)5.314 F -(arri)144 552 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.42(si).15 G 3.42(nap)-3.42 G .92(artic\ -ular \214le may be speci\214ed by separating the \214le name from the m\ -essage with a)-3.42 F 2.808(`?'. When)144 564 R .308(used in the te) -2.808 F .308(xt of the message,)-.15 F F1($_)2.808 E F0 -.15(ex)2.808 G -.308(pands to the name of the current mail\214le.).15 F(Exam-)5.307 E -(ple:)144 576 Q F1(MAILP)144 588 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0(=\010/v)A -(ar/mail/bfox?"Y)-.25 E(ou ha)-1.1 E .3 -.15(ve m)-.2 H -(ail":~/shell\255mail?"$_ has mail!"\010).15 E F1(Bash)144 600 Q F0 .388 -(supplies a def)2.888 F .388(ault v)-.1 F .388(alue for this v)-.25 F -.388(ariable, b)-.25 F .389 -(ut the location of the user mail \214les that it uses is)-.2 F -(system dependent \(e.g., /v)144 612 Q(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0 -(\).)A F1(OPTERR)108 624 Q F0 .39(If set to the v)144 636 R .39(alue 1,) --.25 F F1(bash)2.89 E F0 .389(displays error messages generated by the) -2.889 F F1(getopts)2.889 E F0 -.2(bu)2.889 G .389(iltin command \(see).2 -F F2 .359(SHELL B)144 648 R(UIL)-.09 E .359(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 -(belo)2.609 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(OPTERR)5.359 E F0 .36 -(is initialized to 1 each time the shell is in)2.609 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 660 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.) -.15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 672 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .588 -(The search path for commands.)9.91 F .587 -(It is a colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks) -5.588 F .471(for commands \(see)144 684 R F2 .471(COMMAND EXECUTION) -2.971 F F0(belo)2.722 E 2.972(w\). A)-.25 F .472 -(zero-length \(null\) directory name in the)2.972 F -.25(va)144 696 S -.345(lue of).25 F F1 -.74(PA)2.845 G(TH)-.21 E F0 .345 -(indicates the current directory)2.845 F 5.345(.A)-.65 G .344 -(null directory name may appear as tw)-2.5 F 2.844(oa)-.1 G(djacent) --2.844 E .867(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 708 R .868 -(The def)5.868 F .868(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the) --.1 F 26.329(administrator who installs)144 720 R F1(bash)28.829 E F0 -31.329(.A)C 26.328(common v)-2.501 F 26.328(alue is)-.25 F(GNU Bash-4.0) -72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(14)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +mpt.)144 708 R .224(If this v)5.224 F .224(ariable is unset,)-.25 F .066 +(or set to a v)144 720 R .066(alue that is not a number greater than or\ + equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.)-.25 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 +768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(14)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 15 15 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF -(/usr/gnu/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin)144 84 Q F0(.)A/F2 -10/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIXL)108 96 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .471(If this v) -144 108 R .471(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F2 -(bash)2.971 E F0 .471(starts, the shell enters)2.971 F/F3 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF .472(posix mode)2.972 F F0 .472(before reading)2.972 -F .011(the startup \214les, as if the)144 120 R F2(\255\255posix)2.511 E -F0(in)2.511 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .011(cation option had been supplied.).2 F -.011(If it is set while the shell is)5.011 F(running,)144 132 Q F2(bash) -2.5 E F0(enables)2.5 E F3(posix mode)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C 2.5(si)-2.5 G 2.5 -(ft)-2.5 G(he command)-2.5 E F1(set -o posix)2.5 E F0(had been e)2.5 E --.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F2(PR)108 144 Q(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0 -(If set, the v)144 156 Q(alue is e)-.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt.).15 E F2(PR) -108 168 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 .676 -(If set to a number greater than zero, the v)144 180 R .676 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(MAILP)108 84 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 +2.814(Ac)144 96 S .314(olon-separated list of \214le names to be check) +-2.814 F .314(ed for mail.)-.1 F .314 +(The message to be printed when mail)5.314 F(arri)144 108 Q -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.42(si).15 G 3.42(nap)-3.42 G .92(articular \214le may be speci\214e\ +d by separating the \214le name from the message with a)-3.42 F 2.807 +(`?'. When)144 120 R .307(used in the te)2.807 F .308 +(xt of the message,)-.15 F F1($_)2.808 E F0 -.15(ex)2.808 G .308 +(pands to the name of the current mail\214le.).15 F(Exam-)5.308 E(ple:) +144 132 Q F1(MAILP)144 144 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0(=\010/v)A +(ar/mail/bfox?"Y)-.25 E(ou ha)-1.1 E .3 -.15(ve m)-.2 H +(ail":~/shell\255mail?"$_ has mail!"\010).15 E F1(Bash)144 156 Q F0 .389 +(supplies a def)2.889 F .389(ault v)-.1 F .389(alue for this v)-.25 F +.389(ariable, b)-.25 F .388 +(ut the location of the user mail \214les that it uses is)-.2 F +(system dependent \(e.g., /v)144 168 Q(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0 +(\).)A F1(OPTERR)108 180 Q F0 .389(If set to the v)144 192 R .389 +(alue 1,)-.25 F F1(bash)2.889 E F0 .389 +(displays error messages generated by the)2.889 F F1(getopts)2.89 E F0 +-.2(bu)2.89 G .39(iltin command \(see).2 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .36 +(SHELL B)144 204 R(UIL)-.09 E .36(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.61 E +(w\).)-.25 E F2(OPTERR)5.36 E F0 .359 +(is initialized to 1 each time the shell is in)2.61 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 216 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.) +.15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 228 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .587 +(The search path for commands.)9.91 F .588 +(It is a colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks) +5.587 F .472(for commands \(see)144 240 R F2 .472(COMMAND EXECUTION) +2.972 F F0(belo)2.722 E 2.972(w\). A)-.25 F .471 +(zero-length \(null\) directory name in the)2.972 F -.25(va)144 252 S +.344(lue of).25 F F1 -.74(PA)2.844 G(TH)-.21 E F0 .344 +(indicates the current directory)2.844 F 5.345(.A)-.65 G .345 +(null directory name may appear as tw)-2.5 F 2.845(oa)-.1 G(djacent) +-2.845 E .868(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 264 R .868 +(The def)5.868 F .867(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the) +-.1 F 26.328(administrator who installs)144 276 R F1(bash)28.828 E F0 +31.329(.A)C 26.329(common v)-2.5 F 26.329(alue is)-.25 F/F3 10/Courier@0 +SF(/usr/gnu/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin)144 288 Q F0(.)A +F1(POSIXL)108 300 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .472(If this v)144 312 R .472 +(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F1(bash)2.971 E +F0 .471(starts, the shell enters)2.971 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .471 +(posix mode)2.971 F F0 .471(before reading)2.971 F .011 +(the startup \214les, as if the)144 324 R F1(\255\255posix)2.511 E F0 +(in)2.511 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .011(cation option had been supplied.).2 F .011 +(If it is set while the shell is)5.011 F(running,)144 336 Q F1(bash)2.5 +E F0(enables)2.5 E F4(posix mode)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C 2.5(si)-2.5 G 2.5(ft) +-2.5 G(he command)-2.5 E F3(set -o posix)2.5 E F0(had been e)2.5 E -.15 +(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(PR)108 348 Q(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0 +(If set, the v)144 360 Q(alue is e)-.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt.).15 E F1(PR) +108 372 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 .676 +(If set to a number greater than zero, the v)144 384 R .676 (alue is used as the number of trailing directory compo-)-.25 F .923 -(nents to retain when e)144 192 R .923(xpanding the)-.15 F F2(\\w)3.423 -E F0(and)3.423 E F2(\\W)3.423 E F0 .923(prompt string escapes \(see) -3.423 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)3.423 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)3.173 E -(w\).)-.25 E(Characters remo)144 204 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G -(re replaced with an ellipsis.)-2.5 E F2(PS1)108 216 Q F0 .064(The v) +(nents to retain when e)144 396 R .923(xpanding the)-.15 F F1(\\w)3.423 +E F0(and)3.423 E F1(\\W)3.423 E F0 .923(prompt string escapes \(see) +3.423 F F2(PR)3.423 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)3.173 E(w\).)-.25 E +(Characters remo)144 408 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G +(re replaced with an ellipsis.)-2.5 E F1(PS1)108 420 Q F0 .065(The v) 19.33 F .065(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .065(xpanded \(see)-.15 -F F4(PR)2.565 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)2.315 E .065 -(w\) and used as the primary prompt)-.25 F 2.5(string. The)144 228 R -(def)2.5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E(`)-.74 E F2(\\s\255\\v\\$)A F0 --.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F2(PS2)108 240 Q F0 .005(The v)19.33 F .005 -(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .005(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1) -2.505 E F0 .004(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.505 F(The) -5.004 E(def)144 252 Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F2(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G -(.).74 E F2(PS3)108 264 Q F0 1.115(The v)19.33 F 1.115 -(alue of this parameter is used as the prompt for the)-.25 F F2(select) -3.615 E F0 1.116(command \(see)3.616 F F4 1.116(SHELL GRAM-)3.616 F(MAR) -144 276 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2(PS4)108 288 Q F0 -1.099(The v)19.33 F 1.099(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F 1.099 -(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)3.599 E F0 1.099(and the v)3.599 F 1.098 -(alue is printed before each com-)-.25 F(mand)144 300 Q F2(bash)3.725 E -F0 1.225(displays during an e)3.725 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.225 -(cution trace.).15 F 1.226(The \214rst character of)6.225 F F4(PS4)3.726 -E F0 1.226(is replicated multiple)3.476 F(times, as necessary)144 312 Q +F F2(PR)2.565 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)2.315 E .065 +(w\) and used as the primary prompt)-.25 F 2.5(string. The)144 432 R +(def)2.5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E(`)-.74 E F1(\\s\255\\v\\$)A F0 +-.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS2)108 444 Q F0 .004(The v)19.33 F .004 +(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .005(xpanded as with)-.15 F F1(PS1) +2.505 E F0 .005(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.505 F(The) +5.005 E(def)144 456 Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G +(.).74 E F1(PS3)108 468 Q F0 1.116(The v)19.33 F 1.115 +(alue of this parameter is used as the prompt for the)-.25 F F1(select) +3.615 E F0 1.115(command \(see)3.615 F F2 1.115(SHELL GRAM-)3.615 F(MAR) +144 480 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(PS4)108 492 Q F0 +1.098(The v)19.33 F 1.099(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F 1.099 +(xpanded as with)-.15 F F1(PS1)3.599 E F0 1.099(and the v)3.599 F 1.099 +(alue is printed before each com-)-.25 F(mand)144 504 Q F1(bash)3.726 E +F0 1.226(displays during an e)3.726 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.226 +(cution trace.).15 F 1.225(The \214rst character of)6.226 F F2(PS4)3.725 +E F0 1.225(is replicated multiple)3.475 F(times, as necessary)144 516 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G 2.5(oi)-2.5 G(ndicate multiple le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ls of indirection.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F2(+)A F0 --.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F2(SHELL)108 324 Q F0 .664 -(The full pathname to the shell is k)144 336 R .664(ept in this en)-.1 F -.664(vironment v)-.4 F 3.164(ariable. If)-.25 F .663 -(it is not set when the shell)3.164 F(starts,)144 348 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0 +(ls of indirection.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(+)A F0 +-.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(SHELL)108 528 Q F0 .663 +(The full pathname to the shell is k)144 540 R .664(ept in this en)-.1 F +.664(vironment v)-.4 F 3.164(ariable. If)-.25 F .664 +(it is not set when the shell)3.164 F(starts,)144 552 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (assigns to it the full pathname of the current user')2.5 E 2.5(sl)-.55 -G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F2(TIMEFORMA)108 360 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .826(The v)144 -372 R .826 +G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 564 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .827(The v)144 +576 R .826 (alue of this parameter is used as a format string specifying ho)-.25 F -3.327(wt)-.25 G .827(he timing information for)-3.327 F .649 -(pipelines pre\214x)144 384 R .649(ed with the)-.15 F F2(time)3.149 E F0 -(reserv)3.149 E .649(ed w)-.15 F .648(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F -(The)5.648 E F2(%)3.148 E F0 .648(character introduces)3.148 F .711 -(an escape sequence that is e)144 396 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F -.712(alue or other information.)-.25 F .712(The escape sequences)5.712 F -(and their meanings are as follo)144 408 Q -(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F2(%%)144 426 Q F0 2.5 -(Al)30 G(iteral)-2.5 E F2(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(%[)144 438 Q F3(p)A F2 -(][l]R)A F0(The elapsed time in seconds.)11.68 E F2(%[)144 450 Q F3(p)A -F2(][l]U)A F0(The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.)11.68 E F2 -(%[)144 462 Q F3(p)A F2(][l]S)A F0 -(The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.)13.34 E F2(%P)144 474 Q +3.326(wt)-.25 G .826(he timing information for)-3.326 F .648 +(pipelines pre\214x)144 588 R .648(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.148 E F0 +(reserv)3.148 E .648(ed w)-.15 F .649(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F +(The)5.649 E F1(%)3.149 E F0 .649(character introduces)3.149 F .712 +(an escape sequence that is e)144 600 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F +.711(alue or other information.)-.25 F .711(The escape sequences)5.711 F +(and their meanings are as follo)144 612 Q +(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F1(%%)144 630 Q F0 2.5 +(Al)30 G(iteral)-2.5 E F1(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%[)144 642 Q F4(p)A F1 +(][l]R)A F0(The elapsed time in seconds.)11.68 E F1(%[)144 654 Q F4(p)A +F1(][l]U)A F0(The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.)11.68 E F1 +(%[)144 666 Q F4(p)A F1(][l]S)A F0 +(The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.)13.34 E F1(%P)144 678 Q F0(The CPU percentage, computed as \(%U + %S\) / %R.)33.89 E .87 -(The optional)144 490.8 R F3(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the) -3.37 F F3(pr)3.37 E(ecision)-.37 E F0 3.37(,t)C .87 -(he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.525(point. A) -144 502.8 R -.25(va)2.525 G .025 -(lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .026 -(At most three places after the)5.025 F .538 -(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 514.8 R .538(alues of)-.25 F F3 -(p)3.038 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.537 E -F3(p)3.037 E F0 .537(is not speci\214ed,)3.037 F(the v)144 526.8 Q -(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .667(The optional)144 543.6 R F2(l)3.167 E F0 -.668(speci\214es a longer format, including minutes, of the form)3.168 F -F3(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F3(SS)A F0(.)A F3(FF)A F0 3.168(s. The)B -.25(va) -3.168 G(lue).25 E(of)144 555.6 Q F3(p)2.5 E F0 -(determines whether or not the fraction is included.)2.5 E .001 -(If this v)144 572.4 R .001(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F2(bash)2.501 E -F0 .001(acts as if it had the v)2.501 F(alue)-.25 E F2($\010\\nr)2.5 E -(eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys%3lS\010)-.18 E F0(.)A .494(If the v)144 -584.4 R .494(alue is null, no timing information is displayed.)-.25 F -2.994(At)5.494 G .494(railing ne)-2.994 F .494 -(wline is added when the for)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(mat string is displayed.)144 -596.4 Q F2(TMOUT)108 613.2 Q F0 .718(If set to a v)144 625.2 R .717 -(alue greater than zero,)-.25 F F2(TMOUT)3.217 E F0 .717 -(is treated as the def)3.217 F .717(ault timeout for the)-.1 F F2 -.18 -(re)3.217 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.217 G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 637.2 Q F2 -(select)2.542 E F0 .042(command terminates if input does not arri)2.542 -F .342 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(fter).15 E F2(TMOUT)2.542 E F0 .042 -(seconds when input is com-)2.542 F .886(ing from a terminal.)144 649.2 -R .886(In an interacti)5.886 F 1.185 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .885(hell, the v) -.15 F .885(alue is interpreted as the number of seconds to)-.25 F -.1 -(wa)144 661.2 S .546(it for input after issuing the primary prompt.).1 F -F2(Bash)5.546 E F0 .546(terminates after w)3.046 F .546 -(aiting for that number of)-.1 F(seconds if input does not arri)144 -673.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F2(TMPDIR)108 690 Q F0 .274(If set,)144 -702 R F2(Bash)2.774 E F0 .274(uses its v)2.774 F .274 -(alue as the name of a directory in which)-.25 F F2(Bash)2.773 E F0 .273 -(creates temporary \214les for the)2.773 F(shell')144 714 Q 2.5(su)-.55 -G(se.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(15)198.165 E 0 -Cg EP +(The optional)144 694.8 R F4(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the) +3.37 F F4(pr)3.37 E(ecision)-.37 E F0 3.37(,t)C .87 +(he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.526(point. A) +144 706.8 R -.25(va)2.526 G .025 +(lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .025 +(At most three places after the)5.025 F .537 +(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 718.8 R .537(alues of)-.25 F F4 +(p)3.037 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.538 E +F4(p)3.038 E F0 .538(is not speci\214ed,)3.038 F(the v)144 730.8 Q +(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E +(15)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 16 16 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(auto_r)108 84 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .53(This v) -144 96 R .53(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.03(wt)-.25 G .531 -(he shell interacts with the user and job control.)-3.03 F .531 -(If this v)5.531 F .531(ariable is set,)-.25 F .539(single w)144 108 R +-.35 E .668(The optional)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(l)3.168 E F0 +.668(speci\214es a longer format, including minutes, of the form)3.168 F +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F2(SS)A F0(.)A F2(FF)A F0 +3.167(s. The)B -.25(va)3.167 G(lue).25 E(of)144 96 Q F2(p)2.5 E F0 +(determines whether or not the fraction is included.)2.5 E(If this v)144 +112.8 Q(ariable is not set,)-.25 E F1(bash)2.501 E F0 .001 +(acts as if it had the v)2.501 F(alue)-.25 E F1($\010\\nr)2.501 E +(eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys%3lS\010)-.18 E F0(.)A .495(If the v)144 +124.8 R .494(alue is null, no timing information is displayed.)-.25 F +2.994(At)5.494 G .494(railing ne)-2.994 F .494 +(wline is added when the for)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(mat string is displayed.)144 +136.8 Q F1(TMOUT)108 153.6 Q F0 .717(If set to a v)144 165.6 R .717 +(alue greater than zero,)-.25 F F1(TMOUT)3.217 E F0 .717 +(is treated as the def)3.217 F .718(ault timeout for the)-.1 F F1 -.18 +(re)3.218 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.218 G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 177.6 Q F1 +(select)2.542 E F0 .042(command terminates if input does not arri)2.542 +F .342 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(fter).15 E F1(TMOUT)2.542 E F0 .042 +(seconds when input is com-)2.542 F .885(ing from a terminal.)144 189.6 +R .885(In an interacti)5.885 F 1.185 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .885(hell, the v) +.15 F .886(alue is interpreted as the number of seconds to)-.25 F -.1 +(wa)144 201.6 S .546(it for input after issuing the primary prompt.).1 F +F1(Bash)5.546 E F0 .546(terminates after w)3.046 F .546 +(aiting for that number of)-.1 F(seconds if input does not arri)144 +213.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(TMPDIR)108 230.4 Q F0 .273(If set,)144 +242.4 R F1(Bash)2.773 E F0 .273(uses its v)2.773 F .274 +(alue as the name of a directory in which)-.25 F F1(Bash)2.774 E F0 .274 +(creates temporary \214les for the)2.774 F(shell')144 254.4 Q 2.5(su) +-.55 G(se.)-2.5 E F1(auto_r)108 271.2 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .531(This v)144 +283.2 R .531(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.031(wt)-.25 G .531 +(he shell interacts with the user and job control.)-3.031 F .53 +(If this v)5.53 F .53(ariable is set,)-.25 F .538(single w)144 295.2 R .538(ord simple commands without redirections are treated as candidates\ - for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 120 S .366(isting stopped job) -.15 F 5.366(.T)-.4 G .366(here is no ambiguity allo)-5.366 F .366 -(wed; if there is more than one job be)-.25 F .367(ginning with)-.15 F -1.125(the string typed, the job most recently accessed is selected.)144 -132 R(The)6.125 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.985 E F0 1.124 -(of a stopped job, in this)3.805 F(conte)144 144 Q 1.132 + for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 307.2 S .367(isting stopped job) +.15 F 5.367(.T)-.4 G .366(here is no ambiguity allo)-5.367 F .366 +(wed; if there is more than one job be)-.25 F .366(ginning with)-.15 F +1.124(the string typed, the job most recently accessed is selected.)144 +319.2 R(The)6.125 E F2(name)3.985 E F0 1.125(of a stopped job, in this) +3.805 F(conte)144 331.2 Q 1.133 (xt, is the command line used to start it.)-.15 F 1.133(If set to the v) -6.133 F(alue)-.25 E F2 -.2(ex)3.633 G(act).2 E F0 3.633(,t).68 G 1.133 -(he string supplied must)-3.633 F .625 -(match the name of a stopped job e)144 156 R .624(xactly; if set to)-.15 -F F2(substring)3.124 E F0 3.124(,t).22 G .624 -(he string supplied needs to match a)-3.124 F .884 -(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 168 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he) --5.884 E F2(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .885(lue pro).25 F .885 -(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 180 Q F1(%?)3.334 E F0 -.834(job identi\214er \(see)5.834 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .834(JOB CONTR) -3.334 F(OL)-.27 E F0(belo)3.084 E 3.334(w\). If)-.25 F .834(set to an) -3.334 F 3.334(yo)-.15 G .834(ther v)-3.334 F .833 -(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F .315 -(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 192 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316 -(ame; this pro)-2.816 F .316(vides functionality analogous to the)-.15 F -F1(%)2.816 E F2(string)A F0(job)2.816 E(identi\214er)144 204 Q(.)-.55 E -F1(histchars)108 220.8 Q F0 2.07(The tw)144 232.8 R 4.57(oo)-.1 G 4.57 +6.133 F(alue)-.25 E F2 -.2(ex)3.633 G(act).2 E F0 3.632(,t).68 G 1.132 +(he string supplied must)-3.632 F .624 +(match the name of a stopped job e)144 343.2 R .624(xactly; if set to) +-.15 F F2(substring)3.125 E F0 3.125(,t).22 G .625 +(he string supplied needs to match a)-3.125 F .885 +(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 355.2 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he) +-5.884 E F2(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .884(lue pro).25 F .884 +(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 367.2 Q F1(%?)3.333 E +F0 .833(job identi\214er \(see)5.833 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .834 +(JOB CONTR)3.334 F(OL)-.27 E F0(belo)3.084 E 3.334(w\). If)-.25 F .834 +(set to an)3.334 F 3.334(yo)-.15 G .834(ther v)-3.334 F .834 +(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F .316 +(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 379.2 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316 +(ame; this pro)-2.816 F .315(vides functionality analogous to the)-.15 F +F1(%)2.815 E F2(string)A F0(job)2.815 E(identi\214er)144 391.2 Q(.)-.55 +E F1(histchars)108 408 Q F0 2.069(The tw)144 420 R 4.57(oo)-.1 G 4.57 (rt)-4.57 G 2.07(hree characters which control history e)-4.57 F 2.07 -(xpansion and tok)-.15 F 2.07(enization \(see)-.1 F F3(HIST)4.569 E(OR) --.162 E(Y)-.315 E(EXP)144 244.8 Q(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.465 E 3.715 -(w\). The)-.25 F 1.215(\214rst character is the)3.715 F F2 1.216 -(history e)3.715 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)3.716 E 3.716(,t)-.4 G -1.216(he character which)-3.716 F .798(signals the start of a history e) -144 256.8 R .798(xpansion, normally `)-.15 F F1(!)A F0 3.298('. The)B -.798(second character is the)3.298 F F2(quic)3.298 E 3.298(ks)-.2 G -(ubstitu-)-3.298 E(tion)144 268.8 Q F0(character)2.739 E 2.739(,w)-.4 G -.239(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre)-2.739 F .24 -(vious command entered, substitut-)-.25 F .576 -(ing one string for another in the command.)144 280.8 R .575(The def) -5.575 F .575(ault is `)-.1 F F1(^)A F0 3.075('. The)B .575 -(optional third character is the)3.075 F .223(character which indicates\ +(xpansion and tok)-.15 F 2.07(enization \(see)-.1 F F3(HIST)4.57 E(OR) +-.162 E(Y)-.315 E(EXP)144 432 Q(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.466 E 3.716 +(w\). The)-.25 F 1.216(\214rst character is the)3.716 F F2 1.215 +(history e)3.715 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)3.715 E 3.715(,t)-.4 G +1.215(he character which)-3.715 F .798(signals the start of a history e) +144 444 R .798(xpansion, normally `)-.15 F F1(!)A F0 3.298('. The)B .798 +(second character is the)3.298 F F2(quic)3.298 E 3.298(ks)-.2 G +(ubstitu-)-3.298 E(tion)144 456 Q F0(character)2.74 E 2.74(,w)-.4 G .239 +(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre)-2.74 F .239 +(vious command entered, substitut-)-.25 F .575 +(ing one string for another in the command.)144 468 R .575(The def)5.575 +F .575(ault is `)-.1 F F1(^)A F0 3.075('. The)B .576 +(optional third character is the)3.076 F .223(character which indicates\ that the remainder of the line is a comment when found as the \214rst \ -char)144 292.8 R(-)-.2 E 1.294(acter of a w)144 304.8 R 1.294 -(ord, normally `)-.1 F F1(#)A F0 3.794('. The)B 1.293 -(history comment character causes history substitution to be)3.794 F -.379(skipped for the remaining w)144 316.8 R .379(ords on the line.)-.1 -F .38(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat)5.379 F -(the rest of the line as a comment.)144 328.8 Q F1(Arrays)87 345.6 Q -(Bash)108 357.6 Q F0(pro)3.391 E .891(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 3.391(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.391 F 1.191 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H .891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G -.89(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 369.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -2.573(da).15 G .073(rray; the)-2.573 F F1(declar)2.573 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.573 G .073(iltin will e).2 F .073(xplicitly declare an array)-.15 -F 5.073(.T)-.65 G .074(here is no maximum limit on the size of)-5.073 F -.329(an array)108 381.6 R 2.829(,n)-.65 G .329(or an)-2.829 F 2.829(yr) --.15 G .329(equirement that members be inde)-2.829 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -2.829(do).15 G 2.829(ra)-2.829 G .328(ssigned contiguously)-2.829 F -5.328(.I)-.65 G(nde)-5.328 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.828(da).15 G .328 -(rrays are refer)-2.828 F(-)-.2 E 1.386(enced using inte)108 393.6 R -1.386(gers \(including arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.887(xpressions\) and)-.15 F -1.387(are zero-based; associati)3.887 F 1.687 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.387 -(rrays are refer).15 F(-)-.2 E(enced using arbitrary strings.)108 405.6 -Q 2.463(An inde)108 422.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.963(da).15 G 2.463 -(rray is created automatically if an)-4.963 F 4.963(yv)-.15 G 2.462 -(ariable is assigned to using the syntax)-5.213 F F2(name)4.962 E F0([)A -F2(sub-)A(script)108 434.4 Q F0(]=)A F2(value)A F0 5.682(.T)C(he)-5.682 +char)144 480 R(-)-.2 E 1.293(acter of a w)144 492 R 1.293 +(ord, normally `)-.1 F F1(#)A F0 3.793('. The)B 1.294 +(history comment character causes history substitution to be)3.794 F .38 +(skipped for the remaining w)144 504 R .38(ords on the line.)-.1 F .379 +(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat)5.379 F +(the rest of the line as a comment.)144 516 Q F1(Arrays)87 532.8 Q(Bash) +108 544.8 Q F0(pro)3.39 E .89(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G 3.39(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.39 F 1.191 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +.891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G .891 +(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 556.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +2.574(da).15 G .074(rray; the)-2.574 F F1(declar)2.574 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.574 G .074(iltin will e).2 F .073(xplicitly declare an array)-.15 +F 5.073(.T)-.65 G .073(here is no maximum limit on the size of)-5.073 F +.328(an array)108 568.8 R 2.828(,n)-.65 G .328(or an)-2.828 F 2.828(yr) +-.15 G .329(equirement that members be inde)-2.828 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +2.829(do).15 G 2.829(ra)-2.829 G .329(ssigned contiguously)-2.829 F +5.329(.I)-.65 G(nde)-5.329 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.829(da).15 G .329 +(rrays are refer)-2.829 F(-)-.2 E 1.387(enced using inte)108 580.8 R +1.387(gers \(including arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.887(xpressions\) and)-.15 F +1.387(are zero-based; associati)3.887 F 1.686 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.386 +(rrays are refer).15 F(-)-.2 E(enced using arbitrary strings.)108 592.8 +Q 2.462(An inde)108 609.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.962(da).15 G 2.462 +(rray is created automatically if an)-4.962 F 4.963(yv)-.15 G 2.463 +(ariable is assigned to using the syntax)-5.213 F F2(name)4.963 E F0([)A +F2(sub-)A(script)108 621.6 Q F0(]=)A F2(value)A F0 5.682(.T)C(he)-5.682 E F2(subscript)3.522 E F0 .682(is treated as an arithmetic e)3.862 F .682(xpression that must e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .682 -(luate to a number greater).25 F .75(than or equal to zero.)108 446.4 R +(luate to a number greater).25 F .749(than or equal to zero.)108 633.6 R 2.349 -.8(To e)5.749 H .749(xplicitly declare an inde).65 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.249(da).15 G(rray)-3.249 E 3.249(,u)-.65 G(se)-3.249 E F1(declar) -3.249 E 3.249<65ad>-.18 G(a)-3.249 E F2(name)3.249 E F0(\(see)3.249 E F3 -.749(SHELL B)3.249 F(UIL)-.09 E(TIN)-.828 E(COMMANDS)108 458.4 Q F0 -(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(declar)5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(a)-2.5 E F2(name) -2.5 E F1([)A F2(subscript)A F1(])A F0(is also accepted; the)2.5 E F2 -(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E(Associati)108 475.2 Q .3 -.15 +3.249 E 3.249<65ad>-.18 G(a)-3.249 E F2(name)3.249 E F0(\(see)3.25 E F3 +.75(SHELL B)3.25 F(UIL)-.09 E(TIN)-.828 E(COMMANDS)108 645.6 Q F0(belo) +2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(declar)5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(a)-2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E +F1([)A F2(subscript)A F1(])A F0(is also accepted; the)2.5 E F2 +(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E(Associati)108 662.4 Q .3 -.15 (ve a)-.25 H(rrays are created using).15 E F1(declar)2.5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 -G(A)-2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108 492 Q .94 +G(A)-2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108 679.2 Q .941 (utes may be speci\214ed for an array v)-.2 F .941(ariable using the) --.25 F F1(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.441 E F1 -.18(re)3.441 G -(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 G 3.441(iltins. Each).2 F(attrib)3.441 E -(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 504 Q(.)-.65 E 1.647 -(Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form)108 520.8 -R F2(name)4.147 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F0 -.25(va)C(lue).25 E F2(1)A F0 1.647 -(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F2(n)A F1(\))A F0 4.147(,w)C 1.647(here each) --4.147 F F2(value)108 532.8 Q F0 .122(is of the form [)2.622 F F2 +-.25 F F1(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.44 E F1 -.18(re)3.44 G +(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.44 G 3.44(iltins. Each).2 F(attrib)3.44 E(ute) +-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 691.2 Q(.)-.65 E 1.647 +(Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form)108 708 R +F2(name)4.147 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F0 -.25(va)C(lue).25 E F2(1)A F0 1.647 +(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F2(n)A F1(\))A F0 4.148(,w)C 1.648(here each) +-4.148 F F2(value)108 720 Q F0 .122(is of the form [)2.622 F F2 (subscript)A F0(]=)A F2(string)A F0 5.122(.I)C(nde)-5.122 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.622(da).15 G .122(rray assignments do not require the brack)-2.622 F -.122(et and subscript.)-.1 F .164(When assigning to inde)108 544.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 2.663(da).15 G .163(rrays, if the optional brack)-2.663 F -.163(ets and subscript are supplied, that inde)-.1 F 2.663(xi)-.15 G -2.663(sa)-2.663 G(ssigned)-2.663 E 1.41(to; otherwise the inde)108 556.8 -R 3.91(xo)-.15 G 3.91(ft)-3.91 G 1.41 -(he element assigned is the last inde)-3.91 F 3.911(xa)-.15 G 1.411 -(ssigned to by the statement plus one.)-3.911 F(Inde)108 568.8 Q -(xing starts at zero.)-.15 E(When assigning to an associati)108 585.6 Q -.3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 E 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he subscript is required.) --2.5 E .24(This syntax is also accepted by the)108 602.4 R F1(declar) -2.74 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.739 G 2.739(iltin. Indi).2 F .239 -(vidual array elements may be assigned to using the)-.25 F F2(name)108 -614.4 Q F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0(]=)A F2(value)A F0 -(syntax introduced abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(An)108 631.2 Q 3.575 -(ye)-.15 G 1.075(lement of an array may be referenced using ${)-3.575 F -F2(name)A F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0 3.575(]}. The)B 1.076 -(braces are required to a)3.576 F -.2(vo)-.2 G(id).2 E 1.542 -(con\215icts with pathname e)108 643.2 R 4.041(xpansion. If)-.15 F F2 -(subscript)4.041 E F0(is)4.041 E F1(@)4.041 E F0(or)4.041 E F1(*)4.041 E -F0 4.041(,t)C 1.541(he w)-4.041 F 1.541(ord e)-.1 F 1.541 -(xpands to all members of)-.15 F F2(name)4.041 E F0(.)A 1.056 -(These subscripts dif)108 655.2 R 1.056(fer only when the w)-.25 F 1.057 -(ord appears within double quotes.)-.1 F 1.057(If the w)6.057 F 1.057 -(ord is double-quoted,)-.1 F(${)108 667.2 Q F2(name)A F0 .521([*]} e)B -.521(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .521(ord with the v)-.1 F .52 -(alue of each array member separated by the \214rst character)-.25 F -1.374(of the)108 679.2 R F3(IFS)3.874 E F0 1.374(special v)3.624 F 1.375 -(ariable, and ${)-.25 F F2(name)A F0 1.375([@]} e)B 1.375 -(xpands each element of)-.15 F F2(name)3.875 E F0 1.375(to a separate w) -3.875 F 3.875(ord. When)-.1 F 2.028(there are no array members, ${)108 -691.2 R F2(name)A F0 2.028([@]} e)B 2.028(xpands to nothing.)-.15 F -2.027(If the double-quoted e)7.028 F 2.027(xpansion occurs)-.15 F .758 -(within a w)108 703.2 R .759(ord, the e)-.1 F .759 -(xpansion of the \214rst parameter is joined with the be)-.15 F .759 -(ginning part of the original w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E .516(and the e)108 -715.2 R .516(xpansion of the last parameter is joined with the last par\ -t of the original w)-.15 F 3.015(ord. This)-.1 F .515(is analogous)3.015 -F .227(to the e)108 727.2 R .228(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15 -F F1(*)2.728 E F0(and)2.728 E F1(@)2.728 E F0(\(see)2.728 E F1 .228 -(Special P)2.728 F(arameters)-.1 E F0(abo)2.728 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.728 -(\). ${#).15 F F2(name)A F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0(]})A(GNU Bash-4.0)72 -768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(16)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +.122(et and subscript.)-.1 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17) +142.065 E(16)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 17 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E -.15(ex)108 84 S .886(pands to the length of ${).15 F/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0 3.386(]}. If)B F1 -(subscript)3.386 E F0(is)3.386 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(*)3.386 E F0(or) -3.386 E F2(@)3.386 E F0 3.386(,t)C .886(he e)-3.386 F .886 -(xpansion is the number of ele-)-.15 F .462(ments in the array)108 96 R -5.462(.R)-.65 G .462(eferencing an array v)-5.462 F .463 -(ariable without a subscript is equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .463 -(lent to referencing the array).25 F(with a subscript of 0.)108 108 Q -.168(An array v)108 124.8 R .168 +-.35 E .163(When assigning to inde)108 84 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.663(da).15 +G .163(rrays, if the optional brack)-2.663 F .163 +(ets and subscript are supplied, that inde)-.1 F 2.664(xi)-.15 G 2.664 +(sa)-2.664 G(ssigned)-2.664 E 1.411(to; otherwise the inde)108 96 R +3.911(xo)-.15 G 3.911(ft)-3.911 G 1.411 +(he element assigned is the last inde)-3.911 F 3.91(xa)-.15 G 1.41 +(ssigned to by the statement plus one.)-3.91 F(Inde)108 108 Q +(xing starts at zero.)-.15 E(When assigning to an associati)108 124.8 Q +.3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 E 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he subscript is required.) +-2.5 E .239(This syntax is also accepted by the)108 141.6 R/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(declar)2.739 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.739 G 2.739 +(iltin. 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If)-.15 F F2(subscript)4.041 E F0(is)4.041 E F1(@)4.041 E F0 +(or)4.041 E F1(*)4.041 E F0 4.041(,t)C 1.541(he w)-4.041 F 1.541(ord e) +-.1 F 1.541(xpands to all members of)-.15 F F2(name)4.042 E F0(.)A 1.057 +(These subscripts dif)108 194.4 R 1.057(fer only when the w)-.25 F 1.057 +(ord appears within double quotes.)-.1 F 1.056(If the w)6.056 F 1.056 +(ord is double-quoted,)-.1 F(${)108 206.4 Q F2(name)A F0 .52([*]} e)B +.52(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .52(ord with the v)-.1 F .521 +(alue of each array member separated by the \214rst character)-.25 F +1.375(of the)108 218.4 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.875 E F0 1.375 +(special v)3.625 F 1.375(ariable, and ${)-.25 F F2(name)A F0 1.375 +([@]} e)B 1.375(xpands each element of)-.15 F F2(name)3.875 E F0 1.374 +(to a separate w)3.875 F 3.874(ord. 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If)B F2(subscript)3.386 E F0(is)3.386 E F1(*)3.386 E F0(or) +3.386 E F1(@)3.386 E F0 3.386(,t)C .886(he e)-3.386 F .886 +(xpansion is the number of ele-)-.15 F .463(ments in the array)108 290.4 +R 5.463(.R)-.65 G .463(eferencing an array v)-5.463 F .462 +(ariable without a subscript is equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .462 +(lent to referencing the array).25 F(with a subscript of 0.)108 302.4 Q +.168(An array v)108 319.2 R .168 (ariable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a v)-.25 F 2.668(alue. The)-.25 F .168(null string is a v)2.668 F .168(alid v)-.25 -F(alue.)-.25 E(The)108 141.6 Q F2(unset)2.766 E F0 -.2(bu)2.766 G .267 -(iltin is used to destro).2 F 2.767(ya)-.1 G(rrays.)-2.767 E F2(unset) -5.267 E F1(name)2.767 E F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0 2.767(]d)C(estro)-2.767 -E .267(ys the array element at inde)-.1 F(x)-.15 E F1(sub-)2.767 E -(script)108 153.6 Q F0 6.205(.C)C 1.205(are must be tak)-6.205 F 1.205 +F(alue.)-.25 E(The)108 336 Q F1(unset)2.767 E F0 -.2(bu)2.767 G .267 +(iltin is used to destro).2 F 2.767(ya)-.1 G(rrays.)-2.767 E F1(unset) +5.267 E F2(name)2.767 E F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0 2.767(]d)C(estro)-2.767 +E .267(ys the array element at inde)-.1 F(x)-.15 E F2(sub-)2.766 E +(script)108 348 Q F0 6.204(.C)C 1.204(are must be tak)-6.204 F 1.204 (en to a)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.205(id unw).2 F 1.205(anted side ef)-.1 F -1.204(fects caused by pathname e)-.25 F(xpansion.)-.15 E F2(unset)6.204 -E F1(name)3.704 E F0(,)A(where)108 165.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an array) -2.5 E 2.5(,o)-.65 G(r)-2.5 E F2(unset)2.5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0([)A F1 -(subscript)A F0(], where)A F1(subscript)2.5 E F0(is)2.5 E F2(*)2.5 E F0 -(or)2.5 E F2(@)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C(emo)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G -(he entire array)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)108 182.4 Q F2(declar)3.573 E(e) --.18 E F0(,)A F2(local)3.573 E F0 3.573(,a)C(nd)-3.573 E F2 -.18(re) -3.573 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.573 G 1.073(iltins each accept a).2 F -F2<ad61>3.573 E F0 1.073(option to specify an inde)3.573 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G 3.574(da).15 G 1.074(rray and a)-3.574 F F2<ad41>3.574 E F0 .752 -(option to specify an associati)108 194.4 R 1.052 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray) -.15 E 5.752(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.752 E F2 -.18(re)3.252 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.252 G .752(iltin accepts a).2 F F2<ad61>3.252 E F0 .751 -(option to assign a list of w)3.251 F .751(ords read)-.1 F .502 -(from the standard input to an array)108 206.4 R 5.502(.T)-.65 G(he) --5.502 E F2(set)3.002 E F0(and)3.002 E F2(declar)3.002 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 +1.205(fects caused by pathname e)-.25 F(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(unset)6.205 +E F2(name)3.705 E F0(,)A(where)108 360 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an array) +2.5 E 2.5(,o)-.65 G(r)-2.5 E F1(unset)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0([)A F2 +(subscript)A F0(], where)A F2(subscript)2.5 E F0(is)2.5 E F1(*)2.5 E F0 +(or)2.5 E F1(@)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C(emo)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G +(he entire array)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)108 376.8 Q F1(declar)3.574 E(e) +-.18 E F0(,)A F1(local)3.574 E F0 3.574(,a)C(nd)-3.574 E F1 -.18(re) +3.574 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.574 G 1.073(iltins each accept a).2 F +F1<ad61>3.573 E F0 1.073(option to specify an inde)3.573 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G 3.573(da).15 G 1.073(rray and a)-3.573 F F1<ad41>3.573 E F0 .751 +(option to specify an associati)108 388.8 R 1.051 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray) +.15 E 5.751(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.751 E F1 -.18(re)3.251 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.251 G .752(iltin accepts a).2 F F1<ad61>3.252 E F0 .752 +(option to assign a list of w)3.252 F .752(ords read)-.1 F .502 +(from the standard input to an array)108 400.8 R 5.502(.T)-.65 G(he) +-5.502 E F1(set)3.002 E F0(and)3.002 E F1(declar)3.002 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 (bu)3.002 G .502(iltins display array v).2 F .502(alues in a w)-.25 F -.503(ay that allo)-.1 F(ws)-.25 E(them to be reused as assignments.)108 -218.4 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXP)72 235.2 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .76(Ex\ +.502(ay that allo)-.1 F(ws)-.25 E(them to be reused as assignments.)108 +412.8 Q/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXP)72 429.6 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .76(Ex\ pansion is performed on the command line after it has been split into w) -108 247.2 R 3.26(ords. There)-.1 F .76(are se)3.26 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.26 -(nk).15 G .76(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 259.2 S .369 -(pansion performed:).15 F F1(br)2.869 E .369(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E -F0(,).24 E F1 .369(tilde e)2.869 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1(par) -2.869 E .369(ameter and variable e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1 -.37(command sub-)2.869 F(stitution)108 271.2 Q F0(,).24 E F1 -(arithmetic e)2.5 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G -(plitting)-2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).22 G(nd)-2.5 E F1(pathname e)2.5 E(xpansion) --.2 E F0(.).24 E .471(The order of e)108 288 R .471 +108 441.6 R 3.26(ords. There)-.1 F .76(are se)3.26 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.26 +(nk).15 G .76(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 453.6 S .37 +(pansion performed:).15 F F2(br)2.869 E .369(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E +F0(,).24 E F2 .369(tilde e)2.869 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2(par) +2.869 E .369(ameter and variable e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2 +.369(command sub-)2.869 F(stitution)108 465.6 Q F0(,).24 E F2 +(arithmetic e)2.5 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G +(plitting)-2.5 E F0 2.5(,a).22 G(nd)-2.5 E F2(pathname e)2.5 E(xpansion) +-.2 E F0(.).24 E .47(The order of e)108 482.4 R .471 (xpansions is: brace e)-.15 F .471(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .471 -(xpansion, parameter)-.15 F 2.971(,v)-.4 G .47(ariable and arithmetic e) --3.221 F(xpansion)-.15 E -(and command substitution \(done in a left-to-right f)108 300 Q +(xpansion, parameter)-.15 F 2.971(,v)-.4 G .471 +(ariable and arithmetic e)-3.221 F(xpansion)-.15 E +(and command substitution \(done in a left-to-right f)108 494.4 Q (ashion\), w)-.1 E(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E -(On systems that can support it, there is an additional e)108 316.8 Q -(xpansion a)-.15 E -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F1(pr)2.5 E -(ocess substitution)-.45 E F0(.)A 1.486(Only brace e)108 333.6 R 1.486 -(xpansion, w)-.15 F 1.486(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 F 1.487 -(xpansion can change the number of w)-.15 F 1.487(ords of the)-.1 F -.15 -(ex)108 345.6 S 1.165(pansion; other e).15 F 1.165(xpansions e)-.15 F -1.165(xpand a single w)-.15 F 1.165(ord to a single w)-.1 F 3.665 -(ord. The)-.1 F 1.164(only e)3.665 F 1.164(xceptions to this are the) --.15 F -.15(ex)108 357.6 S(pansions of ").15 E F2($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd ") --2.5 E F2(${)A F1(name)A F2([@]})A F0 2.5("a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G -(xplained abo)-2.65 E .3 -.15(ve \()-.15 H(see).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.666(PA)2.5 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F2 -(Brace Expansion)87 374.4 Q F1(Br)108.58 386.4 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F -(xpansion)-.2 E F0 .606 +(On systems that can support it, there is an additional e)108 511.2 Q +(xpansion a)-.15 E -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F2(pr)2.5 E +(ocess substitution)-.45 E F0(.)A 1.487(Only brace e)108 528 R 1.487 +(xpansion, w)-.15 F 1.487(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 F 1.487 +(xpansion can change the number of w)-.15 F 1.486(ords of the)-.1 F -.15 +(ex)108 540 S 1.164(pansion; other e).15 F 1.164(xpansions e)-.15 F +1.164(xpand a single w)-.15 F 1.165(ord to a single w)-.1 F 3.665 +(ord. The)-.1 F 1.165(only e)3.665 F 1.165(xceptions to this are the) +-.15 F -.15(ex)108 552 S(pansions of ").15 E F1($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd ") +-2.5 E F1(${)A F2(name)A F1([@]})A F0 2.5("a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G +(xplained abo)-2.65 E .3 -.15(ve \()-.15 H(see).15 E F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G +(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F1(Brace Expansion)87 568.8 +Q F2(Br)108.58 580.8 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 .606 (is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be generated.)3.346 F -.606(This mechanism is similar)5.606 F(to)108 398.4 Q F1 .415 +.606(This mechanism is similar)5.606 F(to)108 592.8 Q F2 .415 (pathname e)2.915 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 2.915(,b)C .415 (ut the \214lenames generated need not e)-3.115 F 2.915(xist. P)-.15 F .415(atterns to be brace e)-.15 F .415(xpanded tak)-.15 F 2.915(et)-.1 G -(he)-2.915 E .151(form of an optional)108 410.4 R F1(pr)2.651 E(eamble) +(he)-2.915 E .152(form of an optional)108 604.8 R F2(pr)2.652 E(eamble) -.37 E F0 2.651(,f).18 G(ollo)-2.651 E .151 (wed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence e)-.25 -F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 422.4 R -.563(wed by an optional)-.25 F F1(postscript)3.063 E F0 5.563(.T).68 G +F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 616.8 R +.563(wed by an optional)-.25 F F2(postscript)3.063 E F0 5.563(.T).68 G .563(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.563 F .563(ed to each string)-.15 F .659 (contained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to ea\ -ch resulting string, e)108 434.4 R .659(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.) -108 446.4 Q .719(Brace e)108 463.2 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 +ch resulting string, e)108 628.8 R .658(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.) +108 640.8 Q .718(Brace e)108 657.6 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 F .719(The results of each e)5.719 F .719 (xpanded string are not sorted; left to right order is)-.15 F(preserv) -108 475.2 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F2({)A F0 -(d,c,b)A F2(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.242(As) -108 492 S .742(equence e)-3.242 F .742(xpression tak)-.15 F .742 -(es the form)-.1 F F2({)3.242 E F1(x)A F2(..)A F1(y)A F2([..)A F1(incr)A -F2(]})A F0 3.242(,w)C(here)-3.242 E F1(x)3.242 E F0(and)3.243 E F1(y) -3.243 E F0 .743(are either inte)3.243 F .743(gers or single characters,) --.15 F(and)108 504 Q F1(incr)3.032 E F0 3.032(,a)C 3.032(no)-3.032 G +108 669.6 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F1({)A F0 +(d,c,b)A F1(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.243(As) +108 686.4 S .743(equence e)-3.243 F .743(xpression tak)-.15 F .743 +(es the form)-.1 F F1({)3.243 E F2(x)A F1(..)A F2(y)A F1([..)A F2(incr)A +F1(]})A F0 3.243(,w)C(here)-3.243 E F2(x)3.243 E F0(and)3.242 E F2(y) +3.242 E F0 .742(are either inte)3.242 F .742(gers or single characters,) +-.15 F(and)108 698.4 Q F2(incr)3.031 E F0 3.031(,a)C 3.032(no)-3.031 G .532(ptional increment, is an inte)-3.032 F(ger)-.15 E 5.532(.W)-.55 G .532(hen inte)-5.532 F .532(gers are supplied, the e)-.15 F .532 -(xpression e)-.15 F .531(xpands to each)-.15 F .077(number between)108 -516 R F1(x)2.577 E F0(and)2.577 E F1(y)2.577 E F0 2.577(,i)C(nclusi) --2.577 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.077(.S).15 G .077(upplied inte)-5.077 F .077 -(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F .077(ed with)-.15 F F1(0)2.577 E F0 .078 -(to force each term to ha)2.578 F .378 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .015 -(same width.)108 528 R .015(When either)5.015 F F1(x)2.515 E F0(or)2.515 -E F1(y)2.515 E F0(be)2.515 E .014(gins with a zero, the shell attempts \ -to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.143 -(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 540 R 6.143 -(.W)-.65 G 1.143(hen characters are supplied, the e)-6.143 F(xpression) --.15 E -.15(ex)108 552 S .542(pands to each character le).15 F .542 -(xicographically between)-.15 F F1(x)3.042 E F0(and)3.042 E F1(y)3.042 E -F0 3.042(,i)C(nclusi)-3.042 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.542(.N).15 G .542 -(ote that both)-5.542 F F1(x)3.041 E F0(and)3.041 E F1(y)3.041 E F0 .541 -(must be of)3.041 F .182(the same type.)108 564 R .182 -(When the increment is supplied, it is used as the dif)5.182 F .183 -(ference between each term.)-.25 F .183(The def)5.183 F(ault)-.1 E -(increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)108 576 Q .582(Brace e)108 592.8 R -.582(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.082(yo)-.15 G .581(ther e) --3.082 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.081(yc)-.15 G .581 -(haracters special to other e)-3.081 F(xpansions)-.15 E .015 -(are preserv)108 604.8 R .015(ed in the result.)-.15 F .015 -(It is strictly te)5.015 F(xtual.)-.15 E F2(Bash)5.016 E F0 .016 -(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.516(ys)-.15 G .016 -(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.516 F(te)108 616.8 Q +(xpression e)-.15 F .532(xpands to each)-.15 F .078(number between)108 +710.4 R F2(x)2.578 E F0(and)2.578 E F2(y)2.578 E F0 2.578(,i)C(nclusi) +-2.578 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.078(.S).15 G .078(upplied inte)-5.078 F .077 +(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F .077(ed with)-.15 F F2(0)2.577 E F0 .077 +(to force each term to ha)2.577 F .377 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .014 +(same width.)108 722.4 R .014(When either)5.014 F F2(x)2.514 E F0(or) +2.514 E F2(y)2.514 E F0(be)2.514 E .015(gins with a zero, the shell att\ +empts to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 +Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(17)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 18 18 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E 1.143(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 +84 R 6.143(.W)-.65 G 1.143(hen characters are supplied, the e)-6.143 F +(xpression)-.15 E -.15(ex)108 96 S .541(pands to each character le).15 F +.541(xicographically between)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)3.041 E F0 +(and)3.042 E F1(y)3.042 E F0 3.042(,i)C(nclusi)-3.042 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +5.542(.N).15 G .542(ote that both)-5.542 F F1(x)3.042 E F0(and)3.042 E +F1(y)3.042 E F0 .542(must be of)3.042 F .183(the same type.)108 108 R +.182(When the increment is supplied, it is used as the dif)5.183 F .182 +(ference between each term.)-.25 F .182(The def)5.182 F(ault)-.1 E +(increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)108 120 Q .581(Brace e)108 136.8 R +.581(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.081(yo)-.15 G .581(ther e) +-3.081 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.082(yc)-.15 G .582 +(haracters special to other e)-3.082 F(xpansions)-.15 E .016 +(are preserv)108 148.8 R .016(ed in the result.)-.15 F .016 +(It is strictly te)5.016 F(xtual.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Bash) +5.016 E F0 .015(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.515(ys)-.15 G .015 +(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.515 F(te)108 160.8 Q (xt of the e)-.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E(xt between the braces.) --.15 E 3.633(Ac)108 633.6 S 1.133(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.633 F 1.132 +-.15 E 3.632(Ac)108 177.6 S 1.132(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.632 F 1.132 (xpansion must contain unquoted opening and closing braces, and at leas\ -t one)-.15 F 3.44(unquoted comma or a v)108 645.6 R 3.441 +t one)-.15 F 3.441(unquoted comma or a v)108 189.6 R 3.441 (alid sequence e)-.25 F 5.941(xpression. An)-.15 F 5.941(yi)-.15 G 3.441 -(ncorrectly formed brace e)-5.941 F 3.441(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755 -(unchanged. A)108 657.6 R F2({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F2(,)2.755 E F0 +(ncorrectly formed brace e)-5.941 F 3.44(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755 +(unchanged. A)108 201.6 R F2({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F2(,)2.755 E F0 .255(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.755 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .255 -(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.91 -(sion. T)108 669.6 R 2.91(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.11 G .41 +(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.911 +(sion. T)108 213.6 R 2.911(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.111 G .411 (id con\215icts with parameter e).2 F .411(xpansion, the string)-.15 F -F2(${)2.911 E F0 .411(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F -(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 681.6 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \ +F2(${)2.911 E F0 .41(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F +(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 225.6 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \ as shorthand when the common pre\214x of the strings to be generated is) -108 698.4 R(longer than in the abo)108 710.4 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H -(ample:).15 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 727.2 Q -.65(w,)-.25 -G(dist,b).65 E(ugs})-.2 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E -(17)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 18 18 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(or)108 84 Q(cho)144 96 Q(wn root /usr/{ucb/{e)-.25 E -(x,edit},lib/{e)-.15 E(x?.?*,ho)-.15 E(w_e)-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618 -(Brace e)108 112.8 R .618 +108 242.4 R(longer than in the abo)108 254.4 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H +(ample:).15 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 271.2 Q -.65(w,)-.25 +G(dist,b).65 E(ugs})-.2 E(or)108 283.2 Q(cho)144 295.2 Q +(wn root /usr/{ucb/{e)-.25 E(x,edit},lib/{e)-.15 E(x?.?*,ho)-.15 E(w_e) +-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 312 R .618 (xpansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical v)-.15 F -.618(ersions of)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F1(sh) -5.618 E F0 .618(does not treat open-)3.118 F .248 -(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 124.8 R 2.748(ya)-.15 G -.247(ppear as part of a w)-2.748 F .247(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .247 -(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.247 E F0(remo)108 136.8 Q -.15 +.618(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F2(sh)5.618 E F0 .618 +(does not treat open-)3.118 F .247 +(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 324 R 2.747(ya)-.15 G .247 +(ppear as part of a w)-2.747 F .248(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .248 +(es them in the output.)-.15 F F2(Bash)5.248 E F0(remo)108 336 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G 3.53(sb).15 G 1.03(races from w)-3.53 F 1.03 (ords as a consequence of brace e)-.1 F 3.53(xpansion. F)-.15 F 1.03 -(or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F1(sh) -3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le{1,2})108 148.8 Q F0 -.515(appears identically in the output.)3.015 F .515(The same w)5.515 F -.515(ord is output as)-.1 F F2 .514(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .514 -(after e)3.034 F .514(xpansion by)-.15 F F1(bash)3.014 E F0(.)A .436 -(If strict compatibility with)108 160.8 R F1(sh)2.936 E F0 .436 -(is desired, start)2.936 F F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F1 -(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .437 -(xpansion with the)-.15 F F1(+B)108 172.8 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F1 -(set)2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E -(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 -.18(Ti) -87 189.6 S(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.087(If a w)108 201.6 R 1.087(ord be) --.1 F 1.087(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F1(~)A F0 -1.086('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(\ -slash \(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are consider\ -ed a)108 213.6 R F2(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685 -(fn)-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .726(in the tilde-pre\ -\214x are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 225.6 R -.725(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F2(lo)108 237.6 Q -.522(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.522(.I)C 3.022(ft)-5.522 G .522 +(or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F2(sh) +3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E F1(\214le{1,2})108 348 Q F0 .514 +(appears identically in the output.)3.014 F .515(The same w)5.515 F .515 +(ord is output as)-.1 F F1 .515(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .515(after e) +3.035 F .515(xpansion by)-.15 F F2(bash)3.015 E F0(.)A .437 +(If strict compatibility with)108 360 R F2(sh)2.936 E F0 .436 +(is desired, start)2.936 F F2(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F2 +(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .436 +(xpansion with the)-.15 F F2(+B)108 372 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F2(set) +2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 +E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -.18(Ti)87 388.8 S +(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.086(If a w)108 400.8 R 1.086(ord be)-.1 F +1.086(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F2(~)A F0 1.087 +('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(slash\ + \(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are considered a) +108 412.8 R F1(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685(fn) +-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .725(in the tilde-pre\214x\ + are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 424.8 R .726 +(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F1(lo)108 436.8 Q .523 +(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.523(.I)C 3.023(ft)-5.523 G .523 (his login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the v) --3.022 F .523(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 249.6 Q/F4 -9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.787 E F3(HOME)2.787 E F0 .287 -(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.537 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .286 -(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.286 E(-)-.2 E(w\ +-3.023 F .522(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 448.8 Q/F4 +9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.786 E F3(HOME)2.786 E F0 .287 +(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.536 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .287 +(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.287 E(-)-.2 E(w\ ise, the tilde-pre\214x is replaced with the home directory associated \ -with the speci\214ed login name.)108 261.6 Q .092 -(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 278.4 R .092 +with the speci\214ed login name.)108 460.8 Q .093 +(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 477.6 R .092 (alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(PWD)2.592 E F0 .092 -(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .093(If the tilde-pre\214x is) -5.093 F 3.404(a`)108 290.4 S .904(~\255', the v)-3.404 F .904 +(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .092(If the tilde-pre\214x is) +5.092 F 3.403(a`)108 489.6 S .903(~\255', the v)-3.403 F .903 (alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(OLDPWD)3.404 E F4(,)A F0 -.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .903(If the characters follo) -5.903 F .903(wing the)-.25 F 1.641 -(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 302.4 R F2(N)4.141 -E F0 4.142(,o)C 1.642(ptionally pre\214x)-4.142 F 1.642 -(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is)-.15 F 1.438(replaced w\ +.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .904(If the characters follo) +5.904 F .904(wing the)-.25 F 1.642 +(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 501.6 R F1(N)4.142 +E F0 4.142(,o)C 1.642(ptionally pre\214x)-4.142 F 1.641 +(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is)-.15 F 1.437(replaced w\ ith the corresponding element from the directory stack, as it w)108 -314.4 R 1.437(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F1(dirs)3.937 E F0 -.2(bu) -108 326.4 S .454(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.954(dw).1 G -.454(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.954 F 2.954(gument. If)-.18 F -.454(the characters follo)2.954 F .455 +513.6 R 1.438(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F2(dirs)3.938 E F0 -.2(bu) +108 525.6 S .455(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.955(dw).1 G +.455(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.955 F 2.954(gument. If)-.18 F +.454(the characters follo)2.954 F .454 (wing the tilde in the tilde-pre\214x)-.25 F (consist of a number without a leading `+' or `\255', `+' is assumed.) -108 338.4 Q(If the login name is in)108 355.2 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +108 537.6 Q(If the login name is in)108 554.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G (lid, or the tilde e).25 E(xpansion f)-.15 E(ails, the w)-.1 E -(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .167(Each v)108 372 R .167 +(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .166(Each v)108 571.2 R .167 (ariable assignment is check)-.25 F .167(ed for unquoted tilde-pre\214x) --.1 F .167(es immediately follo)-.15 F .167(wing a)-.25 F F1(:)2.667 E -F0 .167(or the \214rst)2.667 F F1(=)2.666 E F0 5.166(.I)C(n)-5.166 E -.281(these cases, tilde e)108 384 R .282(xpansion is also performed.) +-.1 F .167(es immediately follo)-.15 F .167(wing a)-.25 F F2(:)2.667 E +F0 .167(or the \214rst)2.667 F F2(=)2.667 E F0 5.167(.I)C(n)-5.167 E +.282(these cases, tilde e)108 583.2 R .282(xpansion is also performed.) -.15 F(Consequently)5.282 E 2.782(,o)-.65 G .282 (ne may use \214le names with tildes in assign-)-2.782 F(ments to)108 -396 Q F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(MAILP)2.25 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(CDP)2.5 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E -F4(,)A F0(and the shell assigns the e)2.25 E(xpanded v)-.15 E(alue.)-.25 -E F1 -.1(Pa)87 412.8 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0 1.606(The `)108 424.8 R -F1($)A F0 4.106('c)C 1.606(haracter introduces parameter e)-4.106 F -1.605(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F 4.105 -(xpansion. The)-.15 F .406(parameter name or symbol to be e)108 436.8 R -.407(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)-.15 F .407 -(ut serv)-.2 F 2.907(et)-.15 G 2.907(op)-2.907 G(ro-)-2.907 E .033 -(tect the v)108 448.8 R .033(ariable to be e)-.25 F .033 -(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .032 -(wing it which could be interpreted as part)-.25 F(of the name.)108 -460.8 Q 1.189 -(When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the \214rst `)108 -477.6 R F1(})A F0 3.69('n)C 1.19(ot escaped by a backslash or within a) --3.69 F 2.15(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108 -489.6 R 2.15(xpansion, command substitution, or parameter)-.15 F -.15 -(ex)108 501.6 S(pansion.).15 E(${)108 518.4 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0 -(})A 1.204(The v)144 530.4 R 1.204(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.704 E(ameter) --.15 E F0 1.204(is substituted.)3.704 F 1.204 -(The braces are required when)6.204 F F2(par)4.955 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -1.205(is a positional)4.435 F .264 -(parameter with more than one digit, or when)144 542.4 R F2(par)4.014 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0 .264(is follo)3.494 F .264 -(wed by a character which is not to)-.25 F -(be interpreted as part of its name.)144 554.4 Q 1.508 -(If the \214rst character of)108 571.2 R F2(par)4.009 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -1.509(is an e)4.009 F 1.509(xclamation point, a le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -4.009(lo).15 G 4.009(fv)-4.009 G 1.509 -(ariable indirection is introduced.)-4.259 F F1(Bash)108 583.2 Q F0 .106 -(uses the v)2.606 F .106(alue of the v)-.25 F .106 -(ariable formed from the rest of)-.25 F F2(par)2.606 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -.106(as the name of the v)2.606 F .106(ariable; this v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 -E .351(able is then e)108 595.2 R .351(xpanded and that v)-.15 F .352 -(alue is used in the rest of the substitution, rather than the v)-.25 F -.352(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.852 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)108 607.2 Q F0 2.52 -(itself. This)2.52 F .02(is kno)2.52 F .02(wn as)-.25 F F2(indir)2.52 E -.02(ect e)-.37 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 5.019(.T)C .019(he e)-5.019 F .019 -(xceptions to this are the e)-.15 F .019(xpansions of ${!)-.15 F F2(pr)A -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .019(*} and)B(${)108 619.2 Q F1(!)A F2(name)A F0([)A -F2(@)A F0 .762(]} described belo)B 4.563 -.65(w. T)-.25 H .763(he e).65 -F .763(xclamation point must immediately follo)-.15 F 3.263(wt)-.25 G -.763(he left brace in order to)-3.263 F(introduce indirection.)108 631.2 -Q .334(In each of the cases belo)108 648 R -.65(w,)-.25 G F2(wor)3.484 E -(d)-.37 E F0 .334(is subject to tilde e)2.834 F .334 -(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .334(xpansion, command substitution,)-.15 -F(and arithmetic e)108 660 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .697 -(When not performing substring e)108 676.8 R .698 -(xpansion, using the forms documented belo)-.15 F -.65(w,)-.25 G F1 -(bash)3.848 E F0 .698(tests for a parameter)3.198 F -(that is unset or null.)108 688.8 Q(Omitting the colon results in a tes\ -t only for a parameter that is unset.)5 E(${)108 705.6 Q F2(par)A -(ameter)-.15 E F1<3aad>A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1 .723(Use Default V) -144 717.6 R(alues)-.92 E F0 5.723(.I)C(f)-5.723 E F2(par)4.473 E(ameter) --.15 E F0 .723(is unset or null, the e)3.953 F .722(xpansion of)-.15 F -F2(wor)3.562 E(d)-.37 E F0 .722(is substituted.)3.992 F(Other)5.722 E(-) --.2 E(wise, the v)144 729.6 Q(alue of)-.25 E F2(par)3.75 E(ameter)-.15 E -F0(is substituted.)3.23 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E -(18)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +595.2 Q F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(MAILP)2.25 E -.855(AT) +-.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(CDP)2.5 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) +.855 E F4(,)A F0(and the shell assigns the e)2.25 E(xpanded v)-.15 E +(alue.)-.25 E F2 -.1(Pa)87 612 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0 1.605(The `) +108 624 R F2($)A F0 4.105('c)C 1.605(haracter introduces parameter e) +-4.105 F 1.606(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F +4.106(xpansion. The)-.15 F .407(parameter name or symbol to be e)108 636 +R .407(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)-.15 F +.406(ut serv)-.2 F 2.906(et)-.15 G 2.906(op)-2.906 G(ro-)-2.906 E .032 +(tect the v)108 648 R .032(ariable to be e)-.25 F .032 +(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .033 +(wing it which could be interpreted as part)-.25 F(of the name.)108 660 +Q 1.19(When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the \214rst `) +108 676.8 R F2(})A F0 3.689('n)C 1.189 +(ot escaped by a backslash or within a)-3.689 F 2.15 +(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108 688.8 R 2.15 +(xpansion, command substitution, or parameter)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 700.8 S +(pansion.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(18) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 19 19 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(${)108 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(par)A(ameter)-.15 E/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(:=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 2.004 -(Assign Default V)144 96 R(alues)-.92 E F0 7.004(.I)C(f)-7.004 E F1(par) -5.754 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.005(is unset or null, the e)5.234 F 2.005 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.845 E(d)-.37 E F0 2.005(is assigned to) -5.275 F F1(par)144 108 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.279(.T).73 G .279(he v) --5.279 F .279(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.029 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .278 -(is then substituted.)3.508 F .278 +-.35 E(${)108 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A +1.205(The v)144 96 R 1.205(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)3.705 E(ameter)-.15 E +F0 1.204(is substituted.)3.705 F 1.204(The braces are required when) +6.204 F F1(par)4.954 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.204(is a positional)4.434 F +.264(parameter with more than one digit, or when)144 108 R F1(par)4.014 +E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .264(is follo)3.494 F .264 +(wed by a character which is not to)-.25 F +(be interpreted as part of its name.)144 120 Q 1.509 +(If the \214rst character of)108 136.8 R F1(par)4.009 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +1.509(is an e)4.009 F 1.509(xclamation point, a le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +4.009(lo).15 G 4.008(fv)-4.009 G 1.508 +(ariable indirection is introduced.)-4.258 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Bash) +108 148.8 Q F0 .106(uses the v)2.606 F .106(alue of the v)-.25 F .106 +(ariable formed from the rest of)-.25 F F1(par)2.606 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +.106(as the name of the v)2.606 F .106(ariable; this v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 +E .352(able is then e)108 160.8 R .352(xpanded and that v)-.15 F .351 +(alue is used in the rest of the substitution, rather than the v)-.25 F +.351(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.851 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)108 172.8 Q F0 2.519 +(itself. This)2.519 F .019(is kno)2.519 F .019(wn as)-.25 F F1(indir) +2.519 E .019(ect e)-.37 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 5.019(.T)C .019(he e)-5.019 +F .02(xceptions to this are the e)-.15 F .02(xpansions of ${!)-.15 F F1 +(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .02(*} and)B(${)108 184.8 Q F2(!)A F1(name)A F0 +([)A F1(@)A F0 .763(]} described belo)B 4.563 -.65(w. T)-.25 H .763 +(he e).65 F .763(xclamation point must immediately follo)-.15 F 3.263 +(wt)-.25 G .763(he left brace in order to)-3.263 F +(introduce indirection.)108 196.8 Q .334(In each of the cases belo)108 +213.6 R -.65(w,)-.25 G F1(wor)3.484 E(d)-.37 E F0 .334 +(is subject to tilde e)2.834 F .334(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .334 +(xpansion, command substitution,)-.15 F(and arithmetic e)108 225.6 Q +(xpansion.)-.15 E .698(When not performing substring e)108 242.4 R .698 +(xpansion, using the forms documented belo)-.15 F -.65(w,)-.25 G F2 +(bash)3.848 E F0 .697(tests for a parameter)3.198 F +(that is unset or null.)108 254.4 Q(Omitting the colon results in a tes\ +t only for a parameter that is unset.)5 E(${)108 271.2 Q F1(par)A +(ameter)-.15 E F2<3aad>A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 .722(Use Default V) +144 283.2 R(alues)-.92 E F0 5.722(.I)C(f)-5.722 E F1(par)4.472 E(ameter) +-.15 E F0 .723(is unset or null, the e)3.952 F .723(xpansion of)-.15 F +F1(wor)3.563 E(d)-.37 E F0 .723(is substituted.)3.993 F(Other)5.723 E(-) +-.2 E(wise, the v)144 295.2 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(par)3.75 E(ameter)-.15 E +F0(is substituted.)3.23 E(${)108 307.2 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:=)A +F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 2.005(Assign Default V)144 319.2 R(alues) +-.92 E F0 7.005(.I)C(f)-7.005 E F1(par)5.755 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.005 +(is unset or null, the e)5.235 F 2.004(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.844 E +(d)-.37 E F0 2.004(is assigned to)5.274 F F1(par)144 331.2 Q(ameter)-.15 +E F0 5.278(.T).73 G .278(he v)-5.278 F .278(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.028 +E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .278(is then substituted.)3.508 F .279 (Positional parameters and special param-)5.278 F -(eters may not be assigned to in this w)144 120 Q(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E(${) -108 132 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:?)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 -.535(Display Err)144 144 R .535(or if Null or Unset)-.18 F F0 5.535(.I)C -(f)-5.535 E F1(par)4.285 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .535 +(eters may not be assigned to in this w)144 343.2 Q(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E +(${)108 355.2 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:?)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A +F2 .535(Display Err)144 367.2 R .535(or if Null or Unset)-.18 F F0 5.535 +(.I)C(f)-5.535 E F1(par)4.285 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .535 (is null or unset, the e)3.765 F .535(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.035 E -(d)-.37 E F0 .535(\(or a mes-)3.035 F .662(sage to that ef)144 156 R -.662(fect if)-.25 F F1(wor)3.502 E(d)-.37 E F0 .661(is not present\) is\ - written to the standard error and the shell, if it is not)3.932 F -(interacti)144 168 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e).15 G 2.5(xits. Otherwise,) +(d)-.37 E F0 .535(\(or a mes-)3.035 F .661(sage to that ef)144 379.2 R +.661(fect if)-.25 F F1(wor)3.501 E(d)-.37 E F0 .662(is not present\) is\ + written to the standard error and the shell, if it is not)3.931 F +(interacti)144 391.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e).15 G 2.5(xits. Otherwise,) -2.65 F(the v)2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -(is substituted.)2.5 E(${)108 180 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:+)A F1 -(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 .745(Use Alter)144 192 R .745(nate V)-.15 F +(is substituted.)2.5 E(${)108 403.2 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:+)A F1 +(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 .745(Use Alter)144 415.2 R .745(nate V)-.15 F (alue)-.92 E F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F1(par)4.495 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .745(is null or unset, nothing is substituted, otherwise the e)3.975 F -(xpan-)-.15 E(sion of)144 204 Q F1(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0 -(is substituted.)3.27 E(${)108 216 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 -(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0(})A(${)108 228 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 -(of)A(fset)-.18 E F2(:)A F1(length)A F0(})A F2 .797 -(Substring Expansion.)144 240 R F0 .796(Expands to up to)5.797 F F1 +(xpan-)-.15 E(sion of)144 427.2 Q F1(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(is substituted.)3.27 E(${)108 439.2 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 +(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0(})A(${)108 451.2 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 +(of)A(fset)-.18 E F2(:)A F1(length)A F0(})A F2 .796 +(Substring Expansion.)144 463.2 R F0 .796(Expands to up to)5.796 F F1 (length)3.296 E F0 .796(characters of)3.296 F F1(par)3.296 E(ameter)-.15 -E F0 .796(starting at the character)3.296 F .228(speci\214ed by)144 252 -R F1(of)2.728 E(fset)-.18 E F0 5.228(.I)C(f)-5.228 E F1(length)2.728 E -F0 .229(is omitted, e)2.729 F .229(xpands to the substring of)-.15 F F1 -(par)2.729 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .229(starting at the char)2.729 F(-)-.2 E -.433(acter speci\214ed by)144 264 R F1(of)2.933 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1 -(length)5.433 E F0(and)2.933 E F1(of)2.933 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .433 -(are arithmetic e)2.933 F .433(xpressions \(see)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF .432(ARITHMETIC EV)2.933 F(ALU-)-1.215 E -.855(AT)144 276 S(ION).855 -E F0(belo)2.576 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(length)5.326 E F0 .326(must e)2.826 F --.25(va)-.25 G .326(luate to a number greater than or equal to zero.).25 -F(If)5.327 E F1(of)2.827 E(fset)-.18 E F0 -.25(eva)2.827 G(luates).25 E -.016(to a number less than zero, the v)144 288 R .015 +E F0 .797(starting at the character)3.296 F .229(speci\214ed by)144 +475.2 R F1(of)2.729 E(fset)-.18 E F0 5.229(.I)C(f)-5.229 E F1(length) +2.729 E F0 .229(is omitted, e)2.729 F .229(xpands to the substring of) +-.15 F F1(par)2.729 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .228(starting at the char)2.728 F +(-)-.2 E .432(acter speci\214ed by)144 487.2 R F1(of)2.933 E(fset)-.18 E +F0(.)A F1(length)5.433 E F0(and)2.933 E F1(of)2.933 E(fset)-.18 E F0 +.433(are arithmetic e)2.933 F .433(xpressions \(see)-.15 F/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF .433(ARITHMETIC EV)2.933 F(ALU-)-1.215 E -.855(AT)144 +499.2 S(ION).855 E F0(belo)2.577 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(length)5.327 E F0 .327 +(must e)2.827 F -.25(va)-.25 G .326 +(luate to a number greater than or equal to zero.).25 F(If)5.326 E F1 +(of)2.826 E(fset)-.18 E F0 -.25(eva)2.826 G(luates).25 E .015 +(to a number less than zero, the v)144 511.2 R .015 (alue is used as an of)-.25 F .015(fset from the end of the v)-.25 F -.015(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.515 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.015(.I)C(f)-5.015 -E F1(par)144 300 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.25 E F2(@)3.25 E F0 3.25(,t)C +.016(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.516 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.016(.I)C(f)-5.016 +E F1(par)144 523.2 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.25 E F2(@)3.25 E F0 3.25(,t)C .75(he result is)-3.25 F F1(length)3.25 E F0 .75 (positional parameters be)3.25 F .75(ginning at)-.15 F F1(of)3.25 E (fset)-.18 E F0 5.75(.I)C(f)-5.75 E F1(par)3.25 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .75 -(is an)3.25 F(inde)144 312 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.702(da).15 G .201 -(rray name subscripted by @ or *, the result is the)-2.702 F F1(length) -2.701 E F0 .201(members of the array be)2.701 F(ginning)-.15 E 1.282 -(with ${)144 324 R F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0([)A F1(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0 -3.782(]}. A)B(ne)3.782 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G F1(of) -3.932 E(fset)-.18 E F0 1.282(is tak)3.782 F 1.282(en relati)-.1 F 1.582 --.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.782(oo).15 G 1.283(ne greater than the maximum)-3.782 -F(inde)144 336 Q 3.435(xo)-.15 G 3.435(ft)-3.435 G .935 -(he speci\214ed array)-3.435 F 5.935(.S)-.65 G .935(ubstring e)-5.935 F -.935(xpansion applied to an associati)-.15 F 1.234 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .934 -(rray produces unde-).15 F .261(\214ned results.)144 348 R .261 -(Note that a ne)5.261 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .561 -.15(ve o)-.25 H +(is an)3.25 F(inde)144 535.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.701(da).15 G .201 +(rray name subscripted by @ or *, the result is the)-2.701 F F1(length) +2.701 E F0 .202(members of the array be)2.701 F(ginning)-.15 E 1.283 +(with ${)144 547.2 R F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0([)A F1(of)A(fset)-.18 E +F0 3.783(]}. A)B(ne)3.783 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G F1 +(of)3.933 E(fset)-.18 E F0 1.282(is tak)3.782 F 1.282(en relati)-.1 F +1.582 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.782(oo).15 G 1.282(ne greater than the maximum) +-3.782 F(inde)144 559.2 Q 3.434(xo)-.15 G 3.434(ft)-3.434 G .934 +(he speci\214ed array)-3.434 F 5.934(.S)-.65 G .935(ubstring e)-5.934 F +.935(xpansion applied to an associati)-.15 F 1.235 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .935 +(rray produces unde-).15 F .262(\214ned results.)144 571.2 R .261 +(Note that a ne)5.262 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .561 -.15(ve o)-.25 H -.25(ff).15 G .261 (set must be separated from the colon by at least one space to).25 F -.2 -(avo)144 360 S .155(id being confused with the :- e).2 F 2.655 -(xpansion. Substring)-.15 F(inde)2.655 E .154 +(avo)144 583.2 S .154(id being confused with the :- e).2 F 2.655 +(xpansion. Substring)-.15 F(inde)2.655 E .155 (xing is zero-based unless the positional)-.15 F .532 -(parameters are used, in which case the inde)144 372 R .532 +(parameters are used, in which case the inde)144 595.2 R .532 (xing starts at 1 by def)-.15 F 3.032(ault. If)-.1 F F1(of)3.032 E(fset) -.18 E F0 .532(is 0, and the posi-)3.032 F(tional parameters are used,) -144 384 Q F2($0)2.5 E F0(is pre\214x)2.5 E(ed to the list.)-.15 E(${)108 -400.8 Q F2(!)A F1(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F2(*)A F0(})A(${)108 412.8 Q F2(!)A -F1(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F2(@)A F0(})A F2 .085(Names matching pr)144 424.8 -R(e\214x.)-.18 E F0 .084(Expands to the names of v)5.085 F .084 -(ariables whose names be)-.25 F .084(gin with)-.15 F F1(pr)2.584 E -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.584(,s)C(epa-)-2.584 E .257 -(rated by the \214rst character of the)144 436.8 R F3(IFS)2.757 E F0 -.257(special v)2.507 F 2.757(ariable. When)-.25 F F1(@)2.758 E F0 .258 -(is used and the e)2.758 F .258(xpansion appears)-.15 F -(within double quotes, each v)144 448.8 Q(ariable name e)-.25 E -(xpands to a separate w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 465.6 Q F2(!)A F1(name) -A F0([)A F1(@)A F0(]})A(${)108 477.6 Q F2(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(*)A F0 -(]})A F2 2.036(List of array k)144 489.6 R(eys.)-.1 E F0(If)7.036 E F1 +144 607.2 Q F2($0)2.5 E F0(is pre\214x)2.5 E(ed to the list.)-.15 E(${) +108 624 Q F2(!)A F1(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F2(*)A F0(})A(${)108 636 Q F2(!)A +F1(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F2(@)A F0(})A F2 .084(Names matching pr)144 648 R +(e\214x.)-.18 E F0 .084(Expands to the names of v)5.084 F .084 +(ariables whose names be)-.25 F .085(gin with)-.15 F F1(pr)2.585 E +(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.585(,s)C(epa-)-2.585 E .258 +(rated by the \214rst character of the)144 660 R F3(IFS)2.758 E F0 .257 +(special v)2.507 F 2.757(ariable. When)-.25 F F1(@)2.757 E F0 .257 +(is used and the e)2.757 F .257(xpansion appears)-.15 F +(within double quotes, each v)144 672 Q(ariable name e)-.25 E +(xpands to a separate w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 688.8 Q F2(!)A F1(name) +A F0([)A F1(@)A F0(]})A(${)108 700.8 Q F2(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(*)A F0 +(]})A F2 2.035(List of array k)144 712.8 R(eys.)-.1 E F0(If)7.036 E F1 (name)4.536 E F0 2.036(is an array v)4.536 F 2.036(ariable, e)-.25 F 2.036(xpands to the list of array indices \(k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(s\)) -.15 E .595(assigned in)144 501.6 R F1(name)3.095 E F0 5.595(.I)C(f) --5.595 E F1(name)3.095 E F0 .595(is not an array)3.095 F 3.095(,e)-.65 G -.595(xpands to 0 if)-3.245 F F1(name)3.095 E F0 .596 -(is set and null otherwise.)3.095 F(When)5.596 E F1(@)144 513.6 Q F0 -(is used and the e)2.5 E(xpansion appears within double quotes, each k) --.15 E .3 -.15(ey ex)-.1 H(pands to a separate w).15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 -530.4 Q F2(#)A F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A F2 -.1(Pa)144 542.4 S .471 -(rameter length.).1 F F0 .471(The length in characters of the v)5.471 F -.471(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.971 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .47(is substituted.) -2.97 F(If)5.47 E F1(par)4.22 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)144 554.4 Q F0(is)4.438 E -F2(*)3.708 E F0(or)3.708 E F2(@)3.708 E F0 3.708(,t)C 1.208(he v)-3.708 -F 1.208(alue substituted is the number of positional parameters.)-.25 F -(If)6.209 E F1(par)4.959 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.209(is an)4.439 F -(array name subscripted by)144 566.4 Q F2(*)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F2(@)2.5 E +.15 E .596(assigned in)144 724.8 R F1(name)3.096 E F0 5.596(.I)C(f) +-5.596 E F1(name)3.096 E F0 .595(is not an array)3.096 F 3.095(,e)-.65 G +.595(xpands to 0 if)-3.245 F F1(name)3.095 E F0 .595 +(is set and null otherwise.)3.095 F(When)5.595 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(19)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 20 20 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(@)144 84 Q F0(is used and the e)2.5 E +(xpansion appears within double quotes, each k)-.15 E .3 -.15(ey ex)-.1 +H(pands to a separate w).15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 100.8 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(#)A F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A F2 -.1(Pa)144 112.8 S +.47(rameter length.).1 F F0 .471(The length in characters of the v)5.47 +F .471(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.971 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .471 +(is substituted.)2.971 F(If)5.471 E F1(par)4.221 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)144 +124.8 Q F0(is)4.439 E F2(*)3.709 E F0(or)3.709 E F2(@)3.709 E F0 3.708 +(,t)C 1.208(he v)-3.708 F 1.208 +(alue substituted is the number of positional parameters.)-.25 F(If) +6.208 E F1(par)4.958 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.208(is an)4.438 F +(array name subscripted by)144 136.8 Q F2(*)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F2(@)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he v)-2.5 E (alue substituted is the number of elements in the array)-.25 E(.)-.65 E -(${)108 583.2 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(#)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A -(${)108 595.2 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(##)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A -F2(Remo)144 607.2 Q 1.396 -.1(ve m)-.1 H 1.196(atching pr).1 F 1.196 +(${)108 153.6 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(#)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A +(${)108 165.6 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(##)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A +F2(Remo)144 177.6 Q 1.396 -.1(ve m)-.1 H 1.196(atching pr).1 F 1.196 (e\214x patter)-.18 F(n.)-.15 E F0(The)6.196 E F1(wor)4.036 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.196(is e)4.466 F 1.196 -(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in path-)-.15 F .151(name e)144 -619.2 R 2.651(xpansion. If)-.15 F .152(the pattern matches the be)2.652 +(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in path-)-.15 F .152(name e)144 +189.6 R 2.652(xpansion. If)-.15 F .152(the pattern matches the be)2.652 F .152(ginning of the v)-.15 F .152(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.652 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.652(,t).73 G .152(hen the result of)-2.652 F 1.4 -(the e)144 631.2 R 1.4(xpansion is the e)-.15 F 1.4(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.4 +(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.652(,t).73 G .151(hen the result of)-2.652 F 1.4 +(the e)144 201.6 R 1.4(xpansion is the e)-.15 F 1.4(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.4 (alue of)-.25 F F1(par)5.15 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.4 (with the shortest matching pattern \(the `)4.63 F(`)-.74 E F2(#)A F0 --.74('')C .281(case\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `)144 643.2 +-.74('')C .281(case\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `)144 213.6 R(`)-.74 E F2(##)A F0 1.761 -.74('' c)D .281(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If) 5.281 E F1(par)4.031 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.511 E F2(@)2.781 E F0(or) -2.781 E F2(*)2.782 E F0 2.782(,t)C .282(he pattern)-2.782 F(remo)144 -655.2 Q -.25(va)-.15 G 3.274(lo).25 G .774 +2.781 E F2(*)2.781 E F0 2.781(,t)C .281(he pattern)-2.781 F(remo)144 +225.6 Q -.25(va)-.15 G 3.274(lo).25 G .774 (peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e) --3.274 F .774(xpansion is the resul-)-.15 F .401(tant list.)144 667.2 R -(If)5.401 E F1(par)4.151 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .401(is an array v)3.631 F +-3.274 F .774(xpansion is the resul-)-.15 F .402(tant list.)144 237.6 R +(If)5.402 E F1(par)4.152 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .401(is an array v)3.632 F .401(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.901 E F0(or)2.901 E F2(*) -2.901 E F0 2.902(,t)C .402(he pattern remo)-2.902 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.902 -(lo).25 G(peration)-2.902 E -(is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 679.2 Q -(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 696 Q F1(par)A(ameter) --.15 E F2(%)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(19)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 20 20 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(${)108 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(par)A(ameter)-.15 E/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(%%)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2(Remo)144 96 Q .347 -.1 -(ve m)-.1 H .147(atching suf\214x patter).1 F(n.)-.15 E F0(The)5.147 E -F1(wor)2.647 E(d)-.37 E F0 .147(is e)2.647 F .146 -(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname)-.15 F -.15(ex)144 108 -S 3.088(pansion. If).15 F .588 +2.901 E F0 2.901(,t)C .401(he pattern remo)-2.901 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.901 +(lo).25 G(peration)-2.901 E +(is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 249.6 Q +(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 266.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter) +-.15 E F2(%)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 278.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter) +-.15 E F2(%%)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2(Remo)144 290.4 Q .346 -.1 +(ve m)-.1 H .146(atching suf\214x patter).1 F(n.)-.15 E F0(The)5.146 E +F1(wor)2.646 E(d)-.37 E F0 .147(is e)2.647 F .147 +(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname)-.15 F -.15(ex)144 +302.4 S 3.088(pansion. If).15 F .588 (the pattern matches a trailing portion of the e)3.088 F .588(xpanded v) -.15 F .588(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)3.088 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 3.088(,t).73 -G .588(hen the)-3.088 F .226(result of the e)144 120 R .226 +G .588(hen the)-3.088 F .226(result of the e)144 314.4 R .226 (xpansion is the e)-.15 F .226(xpanded v)-.15 F .226(alue of)-.25 F F1 (par)3.976 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .226 -(with the shortest matching pattern \(the)3.456 F -.74(``)144 132 S F2 -(%).74 E F0 1.521 -.74('' c)D .042 +(with the shortest matching pattern \(the)3.456 F -.74(``)144 326.4 S F2 +(%).74 E F0 1.522 -.74('' c)D .042 (ase\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `).74 F(`)-.74 E F2(%%)A F0 1.522 -.74('' c)D .042(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)5.042 E F1(par)3.792 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.272 E F2(@)2.542 E F0(or)2.542 E F2(*)2.542 E F0 -2.542(,t)C(he)-2.542 E .441(pattern remo)144 144 R -.25(va)-.15 G 2.941 +(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.272 E F2(@)2.541 E F0(or)2.541 E F2(*)2.541 E F0 +2.541(,t)C(he)-2.541 E .44(pattern remo)144 338.4 R -.25(va)-.15 G 2.94 (lo).25 G .441 (peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e) --2.941 F .44(xpansion is the)-.15 F .24(resultant list.)144 156 R(If) -5.24 E F1(par)3.99 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .24(is an array v)3.47 F .241 -(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.741 E F0(or)2.741 E F2(*)2.741 E -F0 2.741(,t)C .241(he pattern remo)-2.741 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.741(lo).25 -G(per)-2.741 E(-)-.2 E -(ation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 168 -Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 184.8 Q F1(par)A(ameter) --.15 E F2(/)A F1(pattern)A F2(/)A F1(string)A F0(})A F2 -.1(Pa)144 196.8 -S(tter).1 E 3.607(ns)-.15 G(ubstitution.)-3.607 E F0(The)6.107 E F1 -(pattern)3.607 E F0 1.107(is e)3.607 F 1.106 +-2.94 F .441(xpansion is the)-.15 F .241(resultant list.)144 350.4 R(If) +5.241 E F1(par)3.991 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .241(is an array v)3.471 F .241 +(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.741 E F0(or)2.74 E F2(*)2.74 E +F0 2.74(,t)C .24(he pattern remo)-2.74 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.74(lo).25 G +(per)-2.74 E(-)-.2 E +(ation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 +362.4 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 379.2 Q F1(par)A +(ameter)-.15 E F2(/)A F1(pattern)A F2(/)A F1(string)A F0(})A F2 -.1(Pa) +144 391.2 S(tter).1 E 3.606(ns)-.15 G(ubstitution.)-3.606 E F0(The)6.106 +E F1(pattern)3.606 E F0 1.106(is e)3.606 F 1.107 (xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion.)144 208.8 Q F1 -.8(Pa)6.033 G -.15(ra).8 G(meter).15 E F0 1.033 -(is e)3.533 F 1.033(xpanded and the longest match of)-.15 F F1(pattern) -3.533 E F0(ag)3.533 E 1.034(ainst its v)-.05 F 1.034 -(alue is replaced with)-.25 F F1(string)144 220.8 Q F0 5.161(.I)C(f) --5.161 E F1(pattern)2.661 E F0(be)2.661 E .161(gins with)-.15 F F2(/) -2.661 E F0 2.661(,a)C .161(ll matches of)-2.661 F F1(pattern)2.661 E F0 -.16(are replaced with)2.661 F F1(string)2.66 E F0 5.16(.N)C .16 -(ormally only the)-5.16 F .806(\214rst match is replaced.)144 232.8 R -(If)5.806 E F1(pattern)3.306 E F0(be)3.306 E .806(gins with)-.15 F F2(#) -3.306 E F0 3.306(,i)C 3.307(tm)-3.306 G .807(ust match at the be)-3.307 -F .807(ginning of the e)-.15 F(xpanded)-.15 E -.25(va)144 244.8 S .621 -(lue of).25 F F1(par)3.121 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.621(.I)C(f)-5.621 E F1 -(pattern)3.121 E F0(be)3.121 E .621(gins with)-.15 F F2(%)3.121 E F0 -3.121(,i)C 3.121(tm)-3.121 G .62(ust match at the end of the e)-3.121 F -.62(xpanded v)-.15 F .62(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)144 256.8 Q(ameter)-.15 E -F0 6.253(.I)C(f)-6.253 E F1(string)3.753 E F0 1.253(is null, matches of) +(sion.)144 403.2 Q F1 -.8(Pa)6.034 G -.15(ra).8 G(meter).15 E F0 1.034 +(is e)3.534 F 1.033(xpanded and the longest match of)-.15 F F1(pattern) +3.533 E F0(ag)3.533 E 1.033(ainst its v)-.05 F 1.033 +(alue is replaced with)-.25 F F1(string)144 415.2 Q F0 5.16(.I)C(f)-5.16 +E F1(pattern)2.66 E F0(be)2.66 E .16(gins with)-.15 F F2(/)2.66 E F0 +2.66(,a)C .161(ll matches of)-2.66 F F1(pattern)2.661 E F0 .161 +(are replaced with)2.661 F F1(string)2.661 E F0 5.161(.N)C .161 +(ormally only the)-5.161 F .807(\214rst match is replaced.)144 427.2 R +(If)5.807 E F1(pattern)3.307 E F0(be)3.307 E .807(gins with)-.15 F F2(#) +3.307 E F0 3.306(,i)C 3.306(tm)-3.306 G .806(ust match at the be)-3.306 +F .806(ginning of the e)-.15 F(xpanded)-.15 E -.25(va)144 439.2 S .62 +(lue of).25 F F1(par)3.12 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.62(.I)C(f)-5.62 E F1 +(pattern)3.12 E F0(be)3.12 E .62(gins with)-.15 F F2(%)3.12 E F0 3.12 +(,i)C 3.121(tm)-3.12 G .621(ust match at the end of the e)-3.121 F .621 +(xpanded v)-.15 F .621(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)144 451.2 Q(ameter)-.15 E +F0 6.254(.I)C(f)-6.254 E F1(string)3.754 E F0 1.253(is null, matches of) 3.753 F F1(pattern)3.753 E F0 1.253(are deleted and the)3.753 F F2(/) -3.753 E F0(follo)3.753 E(wing)-.25 E F1(pattern)3.753 E F0 1.254(may be) -3.754 F 2.679(omitted. If)144 268.8 R F1(par)3.929 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -(is)3.409 E F2(@)2.679 E F0(or)2.679 E F2(*)2.679 E F0 2.679(,t)C .178 +3.753 E F0(follo)3.753 E(wing)-.25 E F1(pattern)3.753 E F0 1.253(may be) +3.753 F 2.678(omitted. If)144 463.2 R F1(par)3.928 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +(is)3.408 E F2(@)2.678 E F0(or)2.678 E F2(*)2.679 E F0 2.679(,t)C .179 (he substitution operation is applied to each positional parameter) --2.679 F .618(in turn, and the e)144 280.8 R .619 +-2.679 F .619(in turn, and the e)144 475.2 R .619 (xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 F(If)5.619 E F1(par)4.369 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0 .619(is an array v)3.849 F .619 -(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)144 292.8 Q F0(or)3.224 E F2(*) -3.224 E F0 3.224(,t)C .723(he substitution operation is applied to each\ - member of the array in turn, and the e)-3.224 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion is the resultant list.)144 304.8 Q(${)108 321.6 Q F1(par)A(ameter) --.15 E F2(^)A F1(pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 333.6 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E -F2(^^)A F1(pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 345.6 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(,)A -F1(pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 357.6 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(,,)A F1 -(pattern)A F0(})A F2 .437(Case modi\214cation.)144 369.6 R F0 .437 -(This e)5.437 F .438 -(xpansion modi\214es the case of alphabetic characters in)-.15 F F1(par) -2.938 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.438(.T)C(he)-5.438 E F1(pattern)144 381.6 Q -F0 .814(is e)3.314 F .813 -(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F 3.313 -(xpansion. The)-.15 F F2(^)3.313 E F0 .813(operator con)3.313 F -.15(ve) --.4 G(rts).15 E(lo)144 393.6 Q .18(wercase letters matching)-.25 F F1 +(ameter)-.15 E F0 .618(is an array v)3.849 F .618 +(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)144 487.2 Q F0(or)3.223 E F2(*) +3.223 E F0 3.223(,t)C .723(he substitution operation is applied to each\ + member of the array in turn, and the e)-3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E +(sion is the resultant list.)144 499.2 Q(${)108 516 Q F1(par)A(ameter) +-.15 E F2(^)A F1(pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 528 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2 +(^^)A F1(pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 540 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(,)A F1 +(pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 552 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(,,)A F1 +(pattern)A F0(})A F2 .438(Case modi\214cation.)144 564 R F0 .438(This e) +5.438 F .437(xpansion modi\214es the case of alphabetic characters in) +-.15 F F1(par)2.937 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.437(.T)C(he)-5.437 E F1 +(pattern)144 576 Q F0 .813(is e)3.313 F .813 +(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F 3.314 +(xpansion. The)-.15 F F2(^)3.314 E F0 .814(operator con)3.314 F -.15(ve) +-.4 G(rts).15 E(lo)144 588 Q .181(wercase letters matching)-.25 F F1 (pattern)2.681 E F0 .181(to uppercase; the)2.681 F F2(,)2.681 E F0 .181 -(operator con)2.681 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .181(rts matching uppercase letters) -.15 F .085(to lo)144 405.6 R 2.585(wercase. The)-.25 F F2(^^)2.585 E F0 +(operator con)2.681 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .18(rts matching uppercase letters) +.15 F .085(to lo)144 600 R 2.585(wercase. The)-.25 F F2(^^)2.585 E F0 (and)2.585 E F2(,,)2.585 E F0 -.15(ex)2.585 G .085(pansions con).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .085(rt each matched character in the e).15 F .085 -(xpanded v)-.15 F .085(alue; the)-.25 F F2(^)2.585 E F0(and)144 417.6 Q -F2(,)3.434 E F0 -.15(ex)3.434 G .934(pansions match and con).15 F -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .934(rt only the \214rst character in the e).15 F .935 -(xpanded v)-.15 F 3.435(alue.. If)-.25 F F1(pattern)3.435 E F0(is)3.435 -E 1.121(omitted, it is treated lik)144 429.6 R 3.621(ea)-.1 G F2(?)A F0 -3.621(,w)C 1.121(hich matches e)-3.621 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.121 -(ry character).15 F 6.12(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.12 E F1(par)4.87 E(ameter)-.15 E -F0(is)4.35 E F2(@)3.62 E F0(or)3.62 E F2(*)3.62 E F0 3.62(,t)C 1.12 -(he case)-3.62 F 1.335(modi\214cation operation is applied to each posi\ -tional parameter in turn, and the e)144 441.6 R 1.335(xpansion is the) --.15 F 1.308(resultant list.)144 453.6 R(If)6.308 E F1(par)5.058 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.308(is an array v)4.538 F 1.308 -(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)3.808 E F0(or)3.808 E F2(*)3.808 E -F0 3.808(,t)C 1.308(he case modi\214cation)-3.808 F +(xpanded v)-.15 F .085(alue; the)-.25 F F2(^)2.585 E F0(and)144 612 Q F2 +(,)3.435 E F0 -.15(ex)3.435 G .935(pansions match and con).15 F -.15(ve) +-.4 G .934(rt only the \214rst character in the e).15 F .934(xpanded v) +-.15 F 3.434(alue.. If)-.25 F F1(pattern)3.434 E F0(is)3.434 E 1.12 +(omitted, it is treated lik)144 624 R 3.62(ea)-.1 G F2(?)A F0 3.62(,w)C +1.12(hich matches e)-3.62 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.121(ry character).15 F +6.121(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.121 E F1(par)4.871 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)4.351 E F2 +(@)3.621 E F0(or)3.621 E F2(*)3.621 E F0 3.621(,t)C 1.121(he case)-3.621 +F 1.335(modi\214cation operation is applied to each positional paramete\ +r in turn, and the e)144 636 R 1.335(xpansion is the)-.15 F 1.308 +(resultant list.)144 648 R(If)6.308 E F1(par)5.058 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +1.308(is an array v)4.538 F 1.308(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@) +3.808 E F0(or)3.808 E F2(*)3.808 E F0 3.808(,t)C 1.308 +(he case modi\214cation)-3.808 F (operation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 -465.6 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E F2(Command Substitution) -87 482.4 Q F1 1.697(Command substitution)108 494.4 R F0(allo)4.197 E -1.697(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F -1.698(There are tw)6.698 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 506.4 Q F2($\()144 528 Q -F1(command)A F2(\))1.666 E F0(or)108 540 Q F2<92>144 552 Q F1(command)A -F2<92>A(Bash)108 568.8 Q F0 .02(performs the e)2.52 F .02(xpansion by e) --.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(command)2.519 E F0 .019 -(and replacing the command substitution with the stan-)2.519 F .768 -(dard output of the command, with an)108 580.8 R 3.268(yt)-.15 G .768 -(railing ne)-3.268 F .768(wlines deleted.)-.25 F .768(Embedded ne)5.768 -F .768(wlines are not deleted, b)-.25 F(ut)-.2 E(the)108 592.8 Q 3.219 -(ym)-.15 G .719(ay be remo)-3.219 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.219(dd).15 G .719 -(uring w)-3.219 F .719(ord splitting.)-.1 F .719 -(The command substitution)5.719 F F2($\(cat)3.219 E F1(\214le)3.219 E F2 -(\))A F0 .718(can be replaced by the)3.219 F(equi)108 604.8 Q -.25(va) --.25 G(lent b).25 E(ut f)-.2 E(aster)-.1 E F2($\(<)2.5 E F1(\214le)2.5 E -F2(\))A F0(.)A 1.724(When the old-style backquote form of substitution \ -is used, backslash retains its literal meaning e)108 621.6 R(xcept)-.15 -E .315(when follo)108 633.6 R .315(wed by)-.25 F F2($)2.815 E F0(,)A F2 -<92>2.815 E F0 2.815(,o)C(r)-2.815 E F2(\\)2.815 E F0 5.315(.T)C .314(h\ -e \214rst backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the command \ -sub-)-5.315 F 3.886(stitution. When)108 645.6 R 1.386(using the $\() -3.886 F F1(command).833 E F0 3.886(\)f)1.666 G 1.387 -(orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.886 F 3.887(eu)-.1 G -3.887(pt)-3.887 G 1.387(he com-)-3.887 F -(mand; none are treated specially)108 657.6 Q(.)-.65 E .894 -(Command substitutions may be nested.)108 674.4 R 2.494 -.8(To n)5.894 H -.894(est when using the backquoted form, escape the inner back-).8 F -(quotes with backslashes.)108 686.4 Q .422 -(If the substitution appears within double quotes, w)108 703.2 R .422 -(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .423(xpansion are not performed)-.15 -F(on the results.)108 715.2 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 -E(20)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +660 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E F2(Command Substitution)87 +676.8 Q F1 1.698(Command substitution)108 688.8 R F0(allo)4.198 E 1.697 +(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.697 +(There are tw)6.697 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 700.8 Q F2($\()144 722.4 Q F1 +(command)A F2(\))1.666 E F0(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 +E(20)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 21 21 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Arithmetic Expansion)87 84 Q F0 1.035 -(Arithmetic e)108 96 R 1.035(xpansion allo)-.15 F 1.035(ws the e)-.25 F --.25(va)-.25 G 1.034(luation of an arithmetic e).25 F 1.034 +-.35 E(or)108 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<92>144 96 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)A F1<92>A(Bash)108 112.8 Q F0 .019 +(performs the e)2.519 F .019(xpansion by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting) +.15 E F2(command)2.519 E F0 .02 +(and replacing the command substitution with the stan-)2.519 F .768 +(dard output of the command, with an)108 124.8 R 3.268(yt)-.15 G .768 +(railing ne)-3.268 F .768(wlines deleted.)-.25 F .768(Embedded ne)5.768 +F .768(wlines are not deleted, b)-.25 F(ut)-.2 E(the)108 136.8 Q 3.218 +(ym)-.15 G .718(ay be remo)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.218(dd).15 G .719 +(uring w)-3.218 F .719(ord splitting.)-.1 F .719 +(The command substitution)5.719 F F1($\(cat)3.219 E F2(\214le)3.219 E F1 +(\))A F0 .719(can be replaced by the)3.219 F(equi)108 148.8 Q -.25(va) +-.25 G(lent b).25 E(ut f)-.2 E(aster)-.1 E F1($\(<)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E +F1(\))A F0(.)A 1.724(When the old-style backquote form of substitution \ +is used, backslash retains its literal meaning e)108 165.6 R(xcept)-.15 +E .314(when follo)108 177.6 R .314(wed by)-.25 F F1($)2.814 E F0(,)A F1 +<92>2.814 E F0 2.814(,o)C(r)-2.814 E F1(\\)2.814 E F0 5.314(.T)C .315(h\ +e \214rst backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the command \ +sub-)-5.314 F 3.887(stitution. When)108 189.6 R 1.387(using the $\() +3.887 F F2(command).833 E F0 3.887(\)f)1.666 G 1.386 +(orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.887 F 3.886(eu)-.1 G +3.886(pt)-3.886 G 1.386(he com-)-3.886 F +(mand; none are treated specially)108 201.6 Q(.)-.65 E .894 +(Command substitutions may be nested.)108 218.4 R 2.494 -.8(To n)5.894 H +.894(est when using the backquoted form, escape the inner back-).8 F +(quotes with backslashes.)108 230.4 Q .422 +(If the substitution appears within double quotes, w)108 247.2 R .422 +(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .422(xpansion are not performed)-.15 +F(on the results.)108 259.2 Q F1(Arithmetic Expansion)87 276 Q F0 1.034 +(Arithmetic e)108 288 R 1.034(xpansion allo)-.15 F 1.034(ws the e)-.25 F +-.25(va)-.25 G 1.034(luation of an arithmetic e).25 F 1.035 (xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F -(The format for arithmetic e)108 108 Q(xpansion is:)-.15 E F1($\(\()144 -124.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1(\)\))A -F0(The)108 141.6 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.665 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 .165 -(is treated as if it were within double quotes, b)2.905 F .166 -(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F 1.075 -(treated specially)108 153.6 R 6.075(.A)-.65 G 1.074(ll tok)-6.075 F +(The format for arithmetic e)108 300 Q(xpansion is:)-.15 E F1($\(\()144 +316.8 Q F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1(\)\))A F0(The)108 333.6 Q +F2 -.2(ex)2.666 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 .165 +(is treated as if it were within double quotes, b)2.906 F .165 +(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F 1.074 +(treated specially)108 345.6 R 6.074(.A)-.65 G 1.074(ll tok)-6.074 F 1.074(ens in the e)-.1 F 1.074(xpression under)-.15 F 1.074 -(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.074(xpansion, string e)-.15 F 1.074 -(xpansion, command)-.15 F(substitution, and quote remo)108 165.6 Q -.25 +(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.074(xpansion, string e)-.15 F 1.075 +(xpansion, command)-.15 F(substitution, and quote remo)108 357.6 Q -.25 (va)-.15 G 2.5(l. Arithmetic).25 F -.15(ex)2.5 G -(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.378(The e)108 182.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G +(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.379(The e)108 374.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.378(luation is performed according to the rules listed belo).25 F 3.878(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.878 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.378(ARITHMETIC EV) 3.878 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) -A F0(If)5.879 E F2 -.2(ex)108 194.4 S(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(is in) +A F0(If)5.878 E F2 -.2(ex)108 386.4 S(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(is in) 2.74 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid,).25 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (prints a message indicating f)2.5 E(ailure and no substitution occurs.) --.1 E F1(Pr)87 211.2 Q(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F2(Pr)108 223.2 Q .971 +-.1 E F1(Pr)87 403.2 Q(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F2(Pr)108 415.2 Q .97 (ocess substitution)-.45 F F0 .971 -(is supported on systems that support named pipes \()3.471 F F2(FIFOs)A -F0 3.47(\)o)C 3.47(rt)-3.47 G(he)-3.47 E F1(/de)3.47 E(v/fd)-.15 E F0 -.97(method of)3.47 F .021(naming open \214les.)108 235.2 R .021(It tak) -5.021 F .021(es the form of)-.1 F F1(<\()2.521 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E -F0(or)2.521 E F1(>\()2.521 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0 5.021(.T)C .021 -(he process)-5.021 F F2(list)2.521 E F0 .021 -(is run with its input or output con-)2.521 F .059(nected to a)108 247.2 -R F2(FIFO)2.559 E F0 .058(or some \214le in)2.559 F F1(/de)2.558 E(v/fd) +(is supported on systems that support named pipes \()3.47 F F2(FIFOs)A +F0 3.471(\)o)C 3.471(rt)-3.471 G(he)-3.471 E F1(/de)3.471 E(v/fd)-.15 E +F0 .971(method of)3.471 F .022(naming open \214les.)108 427.2 R .021 +(It tak)5.022 F .021(es the form of)-.1 F F1(<\()2.521 E F2(list)A F1 +(\)).833 E F0(or)2.521 E F1(>\()2.521 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0 5.021 +(.T)C .021(he process)-5.021 F F2(list)2.521 E F0 .021 +(is run with its input or output con-)2.521 F .058(nected to a)108 439.2 +R F2(FIFO)2.558 E F0 .058(or some \214le in)2.558 F F1(/de)2.558 E(v/fd) -.15 E F0 5.058(.T)C .058(he name of this \214le is passed as an ar) --5.058 F .058(gument to the current com-)-.18 F .13 -(mand as the result of the e)108 259.2 R 2.63(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the) +-5.058 F .059(gument to the current com-)-.18 F .131 +(mand as the result of the e)108 451.2 R 2.631(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the) 2.63 E F1(>\()2.63 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0 .13 -(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)2.63 F .131 -(vide input for)-.15 F F2(list)2.631 E F0(.)A(If the)108 271.2 Q F1(<\() -2.5 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0 -(form is used, the \214le passed as an ar)2.5 E +(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)2.63 F .13(vide input for) +-.15 F F2(list)2.63 E F0(.)A(If the)108 463.2 Q F1(<\()2.5 E F2(list)A +F1(\)).833 E F0(form is used, the \214le passed as an ar)2.5 E (gument should be read to obtain the output of)-.18 E F2(list)2.5 E F0 -(.)A .897(When a)108 288 R -.25(va)-.2 G .896(ilable, process substitut\ -ion is performed simultaneously with parameter and v).25 F .896 +(.)A .896(When a)108 480 R -.25(va)-.2 G .896(ilable, process substitut\ +ion is performed simultaneously with parameter and v).25 F .897 (ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E -(command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 300 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 --.75(Wo)87 316.8 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.142 -(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 328.8 R 1.143 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.143 -(xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 340.8 Q +(command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 492 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 +-.75(Wo)87 508.8 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.143 +(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 520.8 R 1.142 +(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.142 +(xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 532.8 Q F2(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0(.).22 E .063 -(The shell treats each character of)108 357.6 R F3(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063 +(The shell treats each character of)108 549.6 R F3(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063 (as a delimiter)2.313 F 2.563(,a)-.4 G .063 (nd splits the results of the other e)-2.563 F .063(xpansions into w) --.15 F(ords)-.1 E 1.788(on these characters.)108 369.6 R(If)6.788 E F3 -(IFS)4.288 E F0 1.788(is unset, or its v)4.038 F 1.789(alue is e)-.25 F -(xactly)-.15 E F1(<space><tab><newline>)4.289 E F0 4.289(,t)C 1.789 -(he def)-4.289 F 1.789(ault, then)-.1 F .022(sequences of)108 381.6 R F1 -(<space>)2.522 E F0(,)A F1(<tab>)2.522 E F0 2.521(,a)C(nd)-2.521 E F1 +-.15 F(ords)-.1 E 1.789(on these characters.)108 561.6 R(If)6.789 E F3 +(IFS)4.289 E F0 1.788(is unset, or its v)4.039 F 1.788(alue is e)-.25 F +(xactly)-.15 E F1(<space><tab><newline>)4.288 E F0 4.288(,t)C 1.788 +(he def)-4.288 F 1.788(ault, then)-.1 F .021(sequences of)108 573.6 R F1 +(<space>)2.521 E F0(,)A F1(<tab>)2.521 E F0 2.521(,a)C(nd)-2.521 E F1 (<newline>)2.521 E F0 .021(at the be)2.521 F .021 -(ginning and end of the results of the pre)-.15 F .021(vious e)-.25 F -(xpan-)-.15 E .585(sions are ignored, and an)108 393.6 R 3.086(ys)-.15 G +(ginning and end of the results of the pre)-.15 F .022(vious e)-.25 F +(xpan-)-.15 E .586(sions are ignored, and an)108 585.6 R 3.086(ys)-.15 G .586(equence of)-3.086 F F3(IFS)3.086 E F0 .586 -(characters not at the be)2.836 F .586(ginning or end serv)-.15 F .586 -(es to delimit w)-.15 F(ords.)-.1 E(If)108 405.6 Q F3(IFS)3.617 E F0 +(characters not at the be)2.836 F .586(ginning or end serv)-.15 F .585 +(es to delimit w)-.15 F(ords.)-.1 E(If)108 597.6 Q F3(IFS)3.617 E F0 1.117(has a v)3.367 F 1.117(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.117 (ault, then sequences of the whitespace characters)-.1 F F1(space)3.617 E F0(and)3.617 E F1(tab)3.617 E F0(are)3.617 E .315(ignored at the be) -108 417.6 R .315(ginning and end of the w)-.15 F .315 +108 609.6 R .315(ginning and end of the w)-.15 F .315 (ord, as long as the whitespace character is in the v)-.1 F .315 -(alue of)-.25 F F3(IFS)2.815 E F0(\(an)2.566 E F3(IFS)108 429.6 Q F0 -1.054(whitespace character\).)3.304 F(An)6.054 E 3.554(yc)-.15 G 1.054 -(haracter in)-3.554 F F3(IFS)3.554 E F0 1.053(that is not)3.303 F F3 -(IFS)3.553 E F0 1.053(whitespace, along with an)3.303 F 3.553(ya)-.15 G -(djacent)-3.553 E F3(IFS)3.553 E F0 .331 -(whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)108 441.6 R 2.831(As)5.331 G -.332(equence of)-2.831 F F3(IFS)2.832 E F0 .332 +(alue of)-.25 F F3(IFS)2.815 E F0(\(an)2.565 E F3(IFS)108 621.6 Q F0 +1.053(whitespace character\).)3.303 F(An)6.053 E 3.553(yc)-.15 G 1.053 +(haracter in)-3.553 F F3(IFS)3.553 E F0 1.053(that is not)3.303 F F3 +(IFS)3.553 E F0 1.054(whitespace, along with an)3.304 F 3.554(ya)-.15 G +(djacent)-3.554 E F3(IFS)3.554 E F0 .332 +(whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)108 633.6 R 2.832(As)5.332 G +.332(equence of)-2.832 F F3(IFS)2.832 E F0 .331 (whitespace characters is also treated as a delim-)2.582 F(iter)108 -453.6 Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(IFS)2.5 E -F0(is null, no w)2.25 E(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.879 -(Explicit null ar)108 470.4 R 1.879(guments \()-.18 F F1 .833("").833 G +645.6 Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(IFS)2.5 E +F0(is null, no w)2.25 E(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.878 +(Explicit null ar)108 662.4 R 1.878(guments \()-.18 F F1 .833("").833 G F0(or)3.545 E F1 .833<0808>5.211 G F0 4.378(\)a)C 1.878(re retained.) --4.378 F 1.878(Unquoted implicit null ar)6.878 F 1.878 -(guments, resulting from the)-.18 F -.15(ex)108 482.4 S .176 -(pansion of parameters that ha).15 F .476 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.676(ov).15 G -.176(alues, are remo)-2.926 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.676(d. If).15 F 2.677(ap) -2.677 G .177(arameter with no v)-2.677 F .177(alue is e)-.25 F .177 -(xpanded within)-.15 F(double quotes, a null ar)108 494.4 Q -(gument results and is retained.)-.18 E(Note that if no e)108 511.2 Q -(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E F1 -.1(Pa)87 528 S -(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .371(After w)108 540 R .371 -(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F1<ad66>2.871 E F0 .371 -(option has been set,)2.871 F F1(bash)2.871 E F0 .37(scans each w)2.87 F -.37(ord for the characters)-.1 F F1(*)2.87 E F0(,)A F1(?)2.87 E F0 2.87 -(,a)C(nd)-2.87 E F1([)2.87 E F0(.)A .677 -(If one of these characters appears, then the w)108 552 R .677 -(ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .677(rded as a).05 F F2(pattern)3.177 E -F0 3.177(,a).24 G .678(nd replaced with an alphabeti-)-3.177 F 1.457 -(cally sorted list of \214le names matching the pattern.)108 564 R 1.456 +-4.378 F 1.878(Unquoted implicit null ar)6.878 F 1.879 +(guments, resulting from the)-.18 F -.15(ex)108 674.4 S .177 +(pansion of parameters that ha).15 F .477 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.677(ov).15 G +.177(alues, are remo)-2.927 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.676(d. If).15 F 2.676(ap) +2.676 G .176(arameter with no v)-2.676 F .176(alue is e)-.25 F .176 +(xpanded within)-.15 F(double quotes, a null ar)108 686.4 Q +(gument results and is retained.)-.18 E(Note that if no e)108 703.2 Q +(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 +Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(21)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 22 22 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.1(Pa)87 84 S(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .37 +(After w)108 96 R .37(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F1<ad66>2.87 E F0 +.37(option has been set,)2.87 F F1(bash)2.87 E F0 .371(scans each w) +2.871 F .371(ord for the characters)-.1 F F1(*)2.871 E F0(,)A F1(?)2.871 +E F0 2.871(,a)C(nd)-2.871 E F1([)2.871 E F0(.)A .678 +(If one of these characters appears, then the w)108 108 R .677 +(ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .677(rded as a).05 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(pattern)3.177 E F0 3.177(,a).24 G .677 +(nd replaced with an alphabeti-)-3.177 F 1.456 +(cally sorted list of \214le names matching the pattern.)108 120 R 1.457 (If no matching \214le names are found, and the shell)6.457 F(option)108 -576 Q F1(nullglob)2.537 E F0 .038(is not enabled, the w)2.537 F .038 +132 Q F1(nullglob)2.538 E F0 .038(is not enabled, the w)2.538 F .038 (ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F .038(If the)5.038 F F1(nullglob)2.538 E F0 -.038(option is set, and no matches are)2.538 F .306(found, the w)108 588 -R .306(ord is remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.806(d. If).15 F(the)2.805 E F1 +.038(option is set, and no matches are)2.538 F .305(found, the w)108 144 +R .305(ord is remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.805(d. If).15 F(the)2.805 E F1 (failglob)2.805 E F0 .305 (shell option is set, and no matches are found, an error message)2.805 F -.928(is printed and the command is not e)108 600 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.428 +.929(is printed and the command is not e)108 156 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.428 (cuted. If).15 F .928(the shell option)3.428 F F1(nocaseglob)3.428 E F0 -.929(is enabled, the match is per)3.429 F(-)-.2 E .033 -(formed without re)108 612 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .033 -(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .032 -(When a pattern is used for pathname e)5.032 F(xpansion,)-.15 E .104 -(the character)108 624 R F1 -.63(``)2.604 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 -.104(at the start of a name or immediately follo)5.104 F .105 -(wing a slash must be matched e)-.25 F(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.605(,u)-.65 G -(nless)-2.605 E .888(the shell option)108 636 R F1(dotglob)3.388 E F0 -.888(is set.)3.388 F .887 -(When matching a pathname, the slash character must al)5.888 F -.1(wa) --.1 G .887(ys be matched).1 F -.15(ex)108 648 S(plicitly).15 E 6.165(.I) --.65 G 3.665(no)-6.165 G 1.165(ther cases, the)-3.665 F F1 -.63(``)3.665 +.928(is enabled, the match is per)3.428 F(-)-.2 E .032 +(formed without re)108 168 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .032 +(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .033 +(When a pattern is used for pathname e)5.033 F(xpansion,)-.15 E .105 +(the character)108 180 R F1 -.63(``)2.605 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 +.105(at the start of a name or immediately follo)5.105 F .104 +(wing a slash must be matched e)-.25 F(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.604(,u)-.65 G +(nless)-2.604 E .887(the shell option)108 192 R F1(dotglob)3.387 E F0 +.887(is set.)3.387 F .888 +(When matching a pathname, the slash character must al)5.887 F -.1(wa) +-.1 G .888(ys be matched).1 F -.15(ex)108 204 S(plicitly).15 E 6.166(.I) +-.65 G 3.666(no)-6.166 G 1.166(ther cases, the)-3.666 F F1 -.63(``)3.666 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 1.166(character is not treated specially) -6.165 F 6.166(.S)-.65 G 1.166(ee the description of)-6.166 F F1(shopt) -3.666 E F0(belo)3.666 E(w)-.25 E(under)108 660 Q F3 .478(SHELL B)2.978 F -(UIL)-.09 E .478(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .477(for a description of the) -2.728 F F1(nocaseglob)2.977 E F0(,)A F1(nullglob)2.977 E F0(,)A F1 -(failglob)2.977 E F0 2.977(,a)C(nd)-2.977 E F1(dotglob)2.977 E F0 -(shell options.)108 672 Q(The)108 688.8 Q F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.63 E F0 .13 -(shell v)2.38 F .131 +6.166 F 6.165(.S)-.65 G 1.165(ee the description of)-6.165 F F1(shopt) +3.665 E F0(belo)3.665 E(w)-.25 E(under)108 216 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +.477(SHELL B)2.977 F(UIL)-.09 E .477(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .477 +(for a description of the)2.727 F F1(nocaseglob)2.978 E F0(,)A F1 +(nullglob)2.978 E F0(,)A F1(failglob)2.978 E F0 2.978(,a)C(nd)-2.978 E +F1(dotglob)2.978 E F0(shell options.)108 228 Q(The)108 244.8 Q F3 +(GLOBIGNORE)2.631 E F0 .131(shell v)2.381 F .131 (ariable may be used to restrict the set of \214le names matching a)-.25 -F F2(pattern)2.631 E F0 5.131(.I).24 G(f)-5.131 E F3(GLO-)2.631 E -(BIGNORE)108 700.8 Q F0 2.015(is set, each matching \214le name that al\ -so matches one of the patterns in)4.265 F F3(GLOBIGNORE)4.515 E F0(is) -4.264 E(remo)108 712.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.503(df).15 G .003 -(rom the list of matches.)-2.503 F .003(The \214le names)5.003 F F1 -.63 +F F2(pattern)2.63 E F0 5.13(.I).24 G(f)-5.13 E F3(GLO-)2.63 E(BIGNORE) +108 256.8 Q F0 2.015(is set, each matching \214le name that also matche\ +s one of the patterns in)4.264 F F3(GLOBIGNORE)4.515 E F0(is)4.265 E +(remo)108 268.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.504(df).15 G .004 +(rom the list of matches.)-2.504 F .003(The \214le names)5.003 F F1 -.63 (``)2.503 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.003 E F1 -.63(``)2.503 G(..) -.63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .004(are al)5.633 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .004 -(ys ignored when).1 F F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.504 E F0(is)2.254 E .046 -(set and not null.)108 724.8 R(Ho)5.046 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .846 --.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.546 E F0 .046 -(to a non-null v)2.296 F .045(alue has the ef)-.25 F .045 -(fect of enabling the)-.25 F F1(dotglob)2.545 E F0(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(21)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 22 22 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .613(shell option, so all other \214le names be)108 84 R .614 -(ginning with a)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.63(``)3.114 G -.55(.').63 -G(')-.08 E F0 .614(will match.)5.614 F 2.214 -.8(To g)5.614 H .614 -(et the old beha).8 F .614(vior of ignoring)-.2 F .457(\214le names be) -108 96 R .457(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.957 G -.55(.').63 G(') --.08 E F0 2.957(,m)C(ak)-2.957 E(e)-.1 E F1 -.63(``)2.957 G(.*').63 E(') --.63 E F0 .457(one of the patterns in)5.457 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(GLOBIGNORE)2.957 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)4.957 E F1(dotglob) -2.956 E F0 .456(option is)2.956 F(disabled when)108 108 Q F2(GLOBIGNORE) -2.5 E F0(is unset.)2.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)108 124.8 S(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G -(atching)-2.5 E F0(An)108 141.6 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(haracter that ap\ -pears in a pattern, other than the special pattern characters described\ - belo)-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 3.62(itself. The)108 -153.6 R 1.12(NUL character may not occur in a pattern.)3.62 F 3.62(Ab) -6.12 G 1.12(ackslash escapes the follo)-3.62 F 1.12(wing character; the) --.25 F .576(escaping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 165.6 R -.576(The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.576 F 3.076 -(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.076 E(to be matched literally)108 177.6 Q(.)-.65 E -(The special pattern characters ha)108 194.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)108 211.2 Q F0 .455 -(Matches an)31 F 2.955(ys)-.15 G .455(tring, including the null string.) --2.955 F .455(When the)5.455 F F1(globstar)2.955 E F0 .455 -(shell option is enabled, and)2.955 F F1(*)2.955 E F0(is)2.955 E .314 -(used in a pathname e)144 223.2 R .314(xpansion conte)-.15 F .314 -(xt, tw)-.15 F 2.814(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-2.814 E F1(*)2.814 E F0 2.814(su) -C .314(sed as a single pattern will match all \214les)-2.814 F 1.183 -(and zero or more directories and subdirectories.)144 235.2 R 1.183 +.63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .003(are al)5.633 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .003 +(ys ignored when).1 F F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.503 E F0(is)2.253 E .045 +(set and not null.)108 280.8 R(Ho)5.045 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .845 +-.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.545 E F0 .046 +(to a non-null v)2.296 F .046(alue has the ef)-.25 F .046 +(fect of enabling the)-.25 F F1(dotglob)2.546 E F0 .614 +(shell option, so all other \214le names be)108 292.8 R .614 +(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.114 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .614 +(will match.)5.614 F 2.213 -.8(To g)5.614 H .613(et the old beha).8 F +.613(vior of ignoring)-.2 F .456(\214le names be)108 304.8 R .456 +(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.957 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 +2.957(,m)C(ak)-2.957 E(e)-.1 E F1 -.63(``)2.957 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 +.457(one of the patterns in)5.457 F F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.957 E/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)4.957 E F1(dotglob)2.957 E F0 .457 +(option is)2.957 F(disabled when)108 316.8 Q F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.5 E F0 +(is unset.)2.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)108 333.6 S(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G(atching) +-2.5 E F0(An)108 350.4 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(haracter that appears in \ +a pattern, other than the special pattern characters described belo) +-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 3.62(itself. The)108 362.4 +R 1.12(NUL character may not occur in a pattern.)3.62 F 3.62(Ab)6.12 G +1.12(ackslash escapes the follo)-3.62 F 1.12(wing character; the)-.25 F +.576(escaping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 374.4 R .576 +(The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.576 F 3.076(ya) +-.15 G(re)-3.076 E(to be matched literally)108 386.4 Q(.)-.65 E +(The special pattern characters ha)108 403.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)108 420 Q F0 .455(Matches an) +31 F 2.955(ys)-.15 G .455(tring, including the null string.)-2.955 F +.455(When the)5.455 F F1(globstar)2.955 E F0 .455 +(shell option is enabled, and)2.955 F F1(*)2.955 E F0(is)2.955 E .315 +(used in a pathname e)144 432 R .314(xpansion conte)-.15 F .314(xt, tw) +-.15 F 2.814(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-2.814 E F1(*)2.814 E F0 2.814(su)C .314 +(sed as a single pattern will match all \214les)-2.814 F 1.183 +(and zero or more directories and subdirectories.)144 444 R 1.183 (If follo)6.183 F 1.183(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.683 E F0 3.683(,t)C 1.383 --.1(wo a)-3.683 H(djacent).1 E F1(*)3.683 E F0 3.683(sw)C 1.183 -(ill match)-3.683 F(only directories and subdirectories.)144 247.2 Q F1 -(?)108 259.2 Q F0(Matches an)31 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E -(.)-.55 E F1([...])108 271.2 Q F0 .256(Matches an)21.84 F 2.756(yo)-.15 -G .257(ne of the enclosed characters.)-2.756 F 2.757(Ap)5.257 G .257 -(air of characters separated by a h)-2.757 F .257(yphen denotes a)-.05 F -/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)144 283.2 S(ng).15 E 3.29(ee)-.1 G(xpr) --3.49 E(ession)-.37 E F0 3.29(;a)C 1.09 -.15(ny c)-3.29 H .789 +-.1(wo a)-3.683 H(djacent).1 E F1(*)3.683 E F0 3.684(sw)C 1.184 +(ill match)-3.684 F(only directories and subdirectories.)144 456 Q F1(?) +108 468 Q F0(Matches an)31 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 +E F1([...])108 480 Q F0 .257(Matches an)21.84 F 2.757(yo)-.15 G .257 +(ne of the enclosed characters.)-2.757 F 2.757(Ap)5.257 G .257 +(air of characters separated by a h)-2.757 F .256(yphen denotes a)-.05 F +F2 -.15(ra)144 492 S(ng).15 E 3.289(ee)-.1 G(xpr)-3.489 E(ession)-.37 E +F0 3.289(;a)C 1.089 -.15(ny c)-3.289 H .789 (haracter that sorts between those tw).15 F 3.289(oc)-.1 G .789 -(haracters, inclusi)-3.289 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.289(,u).15 G .789 -(sing the cur)-3.289 F(-)-.2 E .349(rent locale')144 295.2 R 2.849(sc) --.55 G .349(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-2.849 F -.35(If the \214rst character follo)5.349 F .35(wing the)-.25 F F1([)2.85 -E F0 .564(is a)144 307.2 R F1(!)3.064 E F0 .564(or a)5.564 F F1(^)3.064 -E F0 .564(then an)3.064 F 3.064(yc)-.15 G .564 -(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.064 F .563 -(The sorting order of characters in range)5.564 F -.15(ex)144 319.2 S +(haracters, inclusi)-3.289 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.29(,u).15 G .79 +(sing the cur)-3.29 F(-)-.2 E .35(rent locale')144 504 R 2.85(sc)-.55 G +.35(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-2.85 F .349 +(If the \214rst character follo)5.349 F .349(wing the)-.25 F F1([)2.849 +E F0 .563(is a)144 516 R F1(!)3.063 E F0 .563(or a)5.563 F F1(^)3.063 E +F0 .564(then an)3.063 F 3.064(yc)-.15 G .564 +(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.064 F .564 +(The sorting order of characters in range)5.564 F -.15(ex)144 528 S 1.102(pressions is determined by the current locale and the v).15 F -1.102(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LC_COLLA)3.602 E(TE)-.95 E F0 1.103(shell v) -3.603 F(ari-)-.25 E .089(able, if set.)144 331.2 R(A)5.089 E F1<ad>2.589 -E F0 .088(may be matched by including it as the \214rst or last charact\ -er in the set.)2.589 F(A)5.088 E F1(])2.588 E F0 .088(may be)2.588 F -(matched by including it as the \214rst character in the set.)144 343.2 -Q -.4(Wi)144 361.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.914 E F0(and)2.914 E F1(])2.914 E -F0(,)A F4 -.15(ch)2.914 G(ar).15 E .414(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .415 -(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)2.915 F F1([:)2.915 E F4(class)A F1 -(:])A F0 2.915(,w)C(here)-2.915 E F4(class)2.915 E F0 .415(is one of) -2.915 F(the follo)144 373.2 Q +1.102(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LC_COLLA)3.602 E(TE)-.95 E F0 1.102(shell v) +3.602 F(ari-)-.25 E .088(able, if set.)144 540 R(A)5.088 E F1<ad>2.588 E +F0 .088(may be matched by including it as the \214rst or last character\ + in the set.)2.588 F(A)5.089 E F1(])2.589 E F0 .089(may be)2.589 F +(matched by including it as the \214rst character in the set.)144 552 Q +-.4(Wi)144 570 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.915 E F0(and)2.915 E F1(])2.915 E F0 +(,)A F2 -.15(ch)2.915 G(ar).15 E .415(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .415 +(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)2.915 F F1([:)2.915 E F2(class)A F1 +(:])A F0 2.914(,w)C(here)-2.914 E F2(class)2.914 E F0 .414(is one of) +2.914 F(the follo)144 582 Q (wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 5.421 -(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)144 385.2 R 5.421 -(wer print punct space upper w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E(xdigit)144 397.2 Q F0 -2.518(Ac)144 409.2 S .018(haracter class matches an)-2.518 F 2.518(yc) --.15 G .019(haracter belonging to that class.)-2.518 F(The)5.019 E F1 --.1(wo)2.519 G(rd).1 E F0 .019(character class matches)2.519 F -(letters, digits, and the character _.)144 421.2 Q -.4(Wi)144 439.2 S -(thin).4 E F1([)3.547 E F0(and)3.547 E F1(])3.547 E F0 3.547(,a)C(n) --3.547 E F4 1.046(equivalence class)3.546 F F0 1.046 -(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.546 F F1([=)3.546 E F4(c)A F1(=]) -A F0 3.546(,w)C 1.046(hich matches all)-3.546 F(characters with the sam\ +(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)144 594 R 5.421 +(wer print punct space upper w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E(xdigit)144 606 Q F0 2.519 +(Ac)144 618 S .019(haracter class matches an)-2.519 F 2.519(yc)-.15 G +.019(haracter belonging to that class.)-2.519 F(The)5.018 E F1 -.1(wo) +2.518 G(rd).1 E F0 .018(character class matches)2.518 F +(letters, digits, and the character _.)144 630 Q -.4(Wi)144 648 S(thin) +.4 E F1([)3.546 E F0(and)3.546 E F1(])3.546 E F0 3.546(,a)C(n)-3.546 E +F2 1.046(equivalence class)3.546 F F0 1.046 +(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.546 F F1([=)3.547 E F2(c)A F1(=]) +A F0 3.547(,w)C 1.047(hich matches all)-3.547 F(characters with the sam\ e collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as the charac\ -ter)144 451.2 Q F4(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)144 469.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.5 -E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)2.5 E F4 -(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F4(symbol)2.5 E -F0(.)A .704(If the)108 486 R F1(extglob)3.204 E F0 .705 -(shell option is enabled using the)3.204 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.205 G .705(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .705(ral e).15 F .705 -(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .256(are recognized.)108 498 -R .256(In the follo)5.256 F .256(wing description, a)-.25 F F4 +ter)144 660 Q F2(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)144 678 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.5 E F0 +(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)2.5 E F2 +(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F2(symbol)2.5 E +F0(.)A .705(If the)108 694.8 R F1(extglob)3.205 E F0 .705 +(shell option is enabled using the)3.205 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.205 G .704(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .704(ral e).15 F .704 +(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .255(are recognized.)108 +706.8 R .255(In the follo)5.255 F .255(wing description, a)-.25 F F2 (pattern-list)2.755 E F0 .255 -(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.755 E +(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.756 E F0(.)A(Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the follo) -108 510 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E F1(?\()144 534 Q F4(pattern-list) -.833 E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 546 -Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 558 Q F4 -(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0 -(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 570 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 582 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)) -.833 E F0(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 594 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 606 Q F4(pattern-list).833 -E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 618 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np) -.15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 630 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 -E F0(Matches an)180 642 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(Quote Remo)87 658.8 Q -.1 -(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 670.8 R 1.112 -(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\) -3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0 -1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 682.8 Q .3 --.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F5 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 699.6 Q F0 .545 -(Before a command is e)108 711.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545 -(cuted, its input and output may be).15 F F4 -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E -(ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F 2.769 -(by the shell.)108 723.6 R 2.769(Redirection may also be used to open a\ -nd close \214les for the current shell e)7.769 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution) -.15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(22)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +108 718.8 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(22)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 23 23 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(en)108 84 Q 3.36(vironment. The)-.4 F(follo)3.36 E .86 -(wing redirection operators may precede or appear an)-.25 F .86 -(ywhere within a)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .86(simple com-)3.7 F -(mand)108 96 Q F0(or may follo)3.27 E 2.5(wa)-.25 G F1(command)A F0 5 -(.R).77 G(edirections are processed in the order the)-5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .283(In the follo) -108 112.8 R .284(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is \ -omitted, and the \214rst character of the redirect-)-.25 F .513 -(ion operator is)108 124.8 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(<)3.012 E F0 3.012 -(,t)C .512 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(?\()144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0 +(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 108 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)) +.833 E F0(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 120 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 132 Q F2(pattern-list).833 +E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 144 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 156 Q F2 +(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 168 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 180 Q F2 +(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches an)180 192 Q(ything e)-.15 +E(xcept one of the gi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E +F1(Quote Remo)87 208.8 Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.113 +(After the preceding e)108 220.8 R 1.113 +(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\) +3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.612 E F0 3.612(,a)C(nd)-3.612 E F1(")4.445 E F0 +1.112(that did not result)4.445 F(from one of the abo)108 232.8 Q .3 +-.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F3 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 249.6 Q F0 .545 +(Before a command is e)108 261.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545 +(cuted, its input and output may be).15 F F2 -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E +(ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .617 +(by the shell.)108 273.6 R .617(Redirection may also be used to open an\ +d close \214les for the current shell e)5.617 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .616 +(cution en).15 F(viron-)-.4 E 3.274(ment. The)108 285.6 R(follo)3.274 E +.774(wing redirection operators may precede or appear an)-.25 F .774 +(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .775(simple command)3.615 F F0(or)4.045 E +(may follo)108 297.6 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G F2(command)A F0 5(.R).77 G +(edirections are processed in the order the)-5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ppear) +-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .284(In the follo)108 +314.4 R .283(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omit\ +ted, and the \214rst character of the redirect-)-.25 F .512 +(ion operator is)108 326.4 R F1(<)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512 (he redirection refers to the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\).) -3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F -(redirection operator is)108 136.8 Q F2(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C +(redirection operator is)108 338.4 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C (he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).) --2.5 E .824(The w)108 153.6 R .824(ord follo)-.1 F .824 -(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .825 -(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .773 -(jected to brace e)108 165.6 R .773(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .773 -(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .772 -(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E .843 -(sion, quote remo)108 177.6 R -.25(va)-.15 G .843(l, pathname e).25 F +-2.5 E .825(The w)108 355.2 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824 +(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .824 +(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .772 +(jected to brace e)108 367.2 R .773(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .773 +(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .773 +(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E .844 +(sion, quote remo)108 379.2 R -.25(va)-.15 G .843(l, pathname e).25 F .843(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .843(ord splitting.)-.1 F .843(If it e)5.843 -F .843(xpands to more than one w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E F2(bash)3.344 E F0 -(reports an error)108 189.6 Q(.)-.55 E -(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 206.4 Q -.15 -(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 223.2 Q F2(>)2.5 -E F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A -(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 240 Q -F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 256.8 -Q F2(>&)A F0(1)A F2(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .527 -(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 273.6 R F1(dirlist)3.027 +F .843(xpands to more than one w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.343 E F0 +(reports an error)108 391.2 Q(.)-.55 E +(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 408 Q -.15 +(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 424.8 Q F1(>)2.5 +E F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A +(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 441.6 +Q F2(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 +458.4 Q F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .527 +(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 475.2 R F2(dirlist)3.027 E F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w)-3.027 F .527 (as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F -(output before the standard output w)108 285.6 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E -F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F2(Bash)108 302.4 Q F0 .598(handles se)3.098 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G .598(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) --.15 G .599(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F -(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 314.4 Q F2(/de)144 331.2 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F1(fd)A -F0(If)180 343.2 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15 -E 2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5 -E F2(/de)144 355.2 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.) -180 367.2 Q F2(/de)144 379.2 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 -(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 391.2 Q F2(/de)144 403.2 Q -(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 415.2 Q F2(/de) -144 427.2 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If)180 439.2 Q -F1(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497 -(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F1(port)2.996 E F0 .496 -(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(vice name,)180 451.2 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0 -(attempts to open a TCP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E(et.) --.1 E F2(/de)144 463.2 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If) -180 475.2 Q F1(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 -(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F1(port)2.997 E F0 .497 +(output before the standard output w)108 487.2 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E +F2(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 504 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) +-.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F +(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 516 Q F1(/de)144 532.8 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F2(fd)A F0 +(If)180 544.8 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15 E +2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5 E +F1(/de)144 556.8 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.) +180 568.8 Q F1(/de)144 580.8 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 +(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 592.8 Q F1(/de)144 604.8 Q +(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 616.8 Q F1(/de) +144 628.8 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 640.8 Q +F2(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497 (is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(vice name,)180 487.2 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0 +(vice name,)180 652.8 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(attempts to open a TCP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E(et.) +-.1 E F1(/de)144 664.8 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If) +180 676.8 Q F2(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496 +(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E +(vice name,)180 688.8 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (attempts to open a UDP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E(et.) --.1 E 2.5(Af)108 504 S +-.1 E 2.5(Af)108 705.6 S (ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)-2.6 E -(ail.)-.1 E .947(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater than 9 s\ -hould be used with care, as the)108 520.8 R 3.446(ym)-.15 G .946 -(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.446 F -(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 532.8 Q(.)-.65 E F2(Redir)87 -549.6 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 -(Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 561.6 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391 -(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 573.6 Q F1 -(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(rt)-2.5 G -(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0 -(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E -(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 590.4 Q([)144 607.2 Q -F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 624 Q(ecting Output) --.18 E F0 .175 -(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 636 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174 -(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .824(ing on \214le descriptor)108 648 R -F1(n)3.324 E F0 3.324(,o).24 G 3.324(rt)-3.324 G .824 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.324 F F1(n)3.684 E F0 -.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .825(If the \214le does not)5.825 F --.15(ex)108 660 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E -(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E -(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 676.8 Q([)144 693.6 Q -F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .155 -(If the redirection operator is)108 710.4 R F2(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C -.155(nd the)-2.655 F F2(noclob)2.655 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) -2.654 F F2(set)2.654 E F0 -.2(bu)2.654 G .154 -(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F 1.759(will f)108 722.4 R -1.759(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F 1.76 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.26 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)4.26 G 1.76 -(ists and is a re).15 F 1.76(gular \214le.)-.15 F 1.76(If the)6.76 F -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(23)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +(ail.)-.1 E .946(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater than 9 s\ +hould be used with care, as the)108 722.4 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 +(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.447 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(23)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 24 24 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .595(redirection operator is)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(>|) -3.095 E F0 3.095(,o)C 3.095(rt)-3.095 G .595(he redirection operator is) --3.095 F F1(>)3.094 E F0 .594(and the)3.094 F F1(noclob)3.094 E(ber)-.1 -E F0 .594(option to the)3.094 F F1(set)3.094 E F0 -.2(bu)3.094 G .594 -(iltin com-).2 F(mand is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108 -96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)-2.5 E -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E -F1 -.25(Ap)87 112.8 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641 -(Redirection of output in this f)108 124.8 R .642 -(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .642 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.482 E(d)-.37 E F0 .642(to be)3.912 F .474 -(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 136.8 R F2(n)2.974 E F0 +-.35 E(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 84 Q(.)-.65 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(Redir)87 100.8 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 +(Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e) +108 112.8 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)3.231 E +(d)-.37 E F0 .391(to be opened for read-)3.661 F +(ing on \214le descriptor)108 124.8 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(rt) +-2.5 G(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E +F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E +(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 141.6 Q([)144 158.4 Q +F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 175.2 Q +(ecting Output)-.18 E F0 .174 +(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e) +108 187.2 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175 +(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 199.2 +R F2(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824 +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F2(n)3.684 E F0 +.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F +-.15(ex)108 211.2 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E +(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E +(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 228 Q([)144 244.8 Q +F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154 +(If the redirection operator is)108 261.6 R F1(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C +.154(nd the)-2.654 F F1(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) +2.654 F F1(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155 +(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 273.6 R +.658(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657 +(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-) +5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 285.6 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C +2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E +F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409 +(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409 +(iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108 +297.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by) +-2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 +314.4 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642 +(Redirection of output in this f)108 326.4 R .642 +(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .473 +(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 338.4 R F2(n)2.973 E F0 2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.333 E F0 -.473(is not speci\214ed.)3.213 F(If)5.473 E(the \214le does not e)108 -148.8 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E -(The general format for appending output is:)108 165.6 Q([)144 182.4 Q -F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 204 Q -(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248 -(This construct allo)108 216 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\214l\ -e descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)-.25 F -(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 228 Q -(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E(There are tw)108 -244.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.334 E F0 +.474(is not speci\214ed.)3.214 F(If)5.474 E(the \214le does not e)108 +350.4 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E +(The general format for appending output is:)108 367.2 Q([)144 384 Q F2 +(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 405.6 Q +(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249 +(This construct allo)108 417.6 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ +\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) +-.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 +429.6 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E +(There are tw)108 446.4 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G (ormats for redirecting standard output and standard error:)-2.5 E F1 -(&>)144 261.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 273.6 Q F1(>&)144 285.6 Q -F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 302.4 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G +(&>)144 463.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 475.2 Q F1(>&)144 487.2 Q +F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 504 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G (orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E --.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 319.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 -E F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1 -.25(Ap)87 340.8 S -(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249 -(This construct allo)108 352.8 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ +-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 520.8 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 +E F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1 -.25(Ap)87 542.4 S +(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248 +(This construct allo)108 554.4 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ \214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) -.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 -364.8 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E +566.4 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E (The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108 -381.6 Q F1(&>>)144 398.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 -(This is semantically equi)108 415.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -(>>)144 432 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(Her)87 -448.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redirection i\ -nstructs the shell to read input from the current source until a line c\ -ontaining only)108 460.8 R F2(delimiter)108.35 472.8 Q F0 .615 -(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.845 F .615 +583.2 Q F1(&>>)144 600 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(This is semantically equi) +108 616.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>>)144 633.6 Q F2(wor)A(d) +-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(Her)87 650.4 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G +(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redirection instructs the shell to\ + read input from the current source until a line containing only)108 +662.4 R F2(delimiter)108.35 674.4 Q F0 .614 +(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615 (All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615 -F(dard input for a command.)108 484.8 Q -(The format of here-documents is:)108 501.6 Q F1(<<)144 518.4 Q F0([)A -F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 530.4 Q(e-document)-.37 E -(delimiter)144 542.4 Q F0 .127(No parameter e)108 559.2 R .127 -(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .127 -(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F .128(xpansion is performed)-.15 F(on)108 -571.2 Q F2(wor)3.275 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.775(.I).77 G 3.275(fa)-5.775 G -1.075 -.15(ny c)-3.275 H .774(haracters in).15 F F2(wor)3.614 E(d)-.37 E -F0 .774(are quoted, the)4.044 F F2(delimiter)3.624 E F0 .774 -(is the result of quote remo)4.004 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.274(lo).25 G(n) --3.274 E F2(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 3.274(,a).77 G(nd)-3.274 E .904 -(the lines in the here-document are not e)108 583.2 R 3.405(xpanded. If) --.15 F F2(wor)3.405 E(d)-.37 E F0 .905 -(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document are)3.405 F .695 -(subjected to parameter e)108 595.2 R .695 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.194 -(xpansion. In)-.15 F .694(the latter case, the)3.194 F -(character sequence)108 607.2 Q F1(\\<newline>)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and) -2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\) -2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .601 -(If the redirection operator is)108 624 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101(,t) -C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\ - the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 636 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5(.T).73 G -(his allo)-5 E -(ws here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural f) --.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 652.8 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 -2.5(Av)108 664.8 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E F1 -(<<<)144 681.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 698.4 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(is e)2.5 E -(xpanded and supplied to the command on its standard input.)-.15 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(24)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +F(dard input for a command.)108 686.4 Q +(The format of here-documents is:)108 703.2 Q F1(<<)144 720 Q F0([)A F1 +<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17) +142.065 E(24)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 25 25 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 84 Q F0 -(The redirection operator)108 96 Q([)144 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127 -(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 129.6 R(If)5.127 E -F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(her)164 84 Q(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter) +144 96 Q F0 .128(No parameter e)108 112.8 R .127 +(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .127 +(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F .127(xpansion is performed)-.15 F(on)108 +124.8 Q F1(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.774(.I).77 G 3.274(fa)-5.774 G +1.074 -.15(ny c)-3.274 H .774(haracters in).15 F F1(wor)3.614 E(d)-.37 E +F0 .774(are quoted, the)4.044 F F1(delimiter)3.624 E F0 .774 +(is the result of quote remo)4.004 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.275(lo).25 G(n) +-3.275 E F1(wor)3.275 E(d)-.37 E F0 3.275(,a).77 G(nd)-3.275 E .905 +(the lines in the here-document are not e)108 136.8 R 3.405(xpanded. If) +-.15 F F1(wor)3.405 E(d)-.37 E F0 .904 +(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document are)3.405 F .694 +(subjected to parameter e)108 148.8 R .695 +(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.195 +(xpansion. In)-.15 F .695(the latter case, the)3.195 F +(character sequence)108 160.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\<newline>)2.5 E +F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F2(\\)2.5 E F0 +(must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F2(\\)2.5 E F0(,)A F2($)2.5 +E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F2<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602 +(If the redirection operator is)108 177.6 R F2(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101 +(,t)C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines\ + and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 189.6 Q F1(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5 +(.T).73 G(his allo)-5 E +(ws here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural f) +-.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F2(Her)87 206.4 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 +2.5(Av)108 218.4 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E F2 +(<<<)144 235.2 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 252 Q F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 +E F0(is e)2.5 E +(xpanded and supplied to the command on its standard input.)-.15 E F2 +(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 268.8 Q F0(The redirection operator)108 +280.8 Q([)144 297.6 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<&)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126 +(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 314.4 R(If)5.127 E +F1(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127 (pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108 -141.6 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G -2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G -2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15 -(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 153.6 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor) -2.99 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.65 E F0 -2.649<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149 -(is closed.)2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,) -2.889 F(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 165.6 Q -(The operator)108 182.4 Q([)144 199.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A -(d)-.37 E F0 .443 -(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 216 R(If) -5.443 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .444 -(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.184 F 1.358 -(tor 1\) is used.)108 228 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F2(wor)4.198 -E(d)-.37 E F0 1.357(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for output,\ - a redirection error)4.628 F 2.596(occurs. As)108 240 R 2.596(as)2.596 G -.096(pecial case, if)-2.596 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 .096(is omitted, and)2.596 -F F2(wor)2.596 E(d)-.37 E F0 .096(does not e)2.596 F .096 -(xpand to one or more digits, the standard out-)-.15 F -(put and standard error are redirected as described pre)108 252 Q -(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 268.8 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0 -(The redirection operator)108 280.8 Q([)144 297.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&) -A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 314.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.036(st).15 G -.536(he \214le descriptor)-3.036 F F2(digit)3.036 E F0 .536 -(to \214le descriptor)3.036 F F2(n)3.036 E F0 3.036(,o).24 G 3.036(rt) --3.036 G .535(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.036 F F2 -(n)3.035 E F0 .535(is not speci-)3.035 F(\214ed.)108 326.4 Q F2(digit)5 -E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A -(Similarly)108 343.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([) -144 360 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 376.8 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.785(st).15 G .285(he \214le descriptor)-2.785 F F2 -(digit)2.785 E F0 .285(to \214le descriptor)2.785 F F2(n)2.785 E F0 -2.785(,o).24 G 2.785(rt)-2.785 G .286 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.785 F F2(n)2.786 E F0 -.286(is not speci-)2.786 F(\214ed.)108 388.8 Q F1 -(Opening File Descriptors f)87 405.6 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 -(The redirection operator)108 417.6 Q([)144 434.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<>) -A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 -451.2 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349 +326.4 Q F1(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G +2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G +2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F1(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0 +.457(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.727 F .149 +(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 338.4 R(If)5.149 E F1(wor) +2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F2<ad>2.649 E +F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F1(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.) +2.89 F(If)5.15 E F1(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F +(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 350.4 Q +(The operator)108 367.2 Q([)144 384 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>&)A F1(wor)A(d) +-.37 E F0 .444 +(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 400.8 R +(If)5.444 E F1(n)3.304 E F0 .443 +(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.183 F 1.357 +(tor 1\) is used.)108 412.8 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F1(wor) +4.197 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\ +utput, a redirection error)4.627 F 2.597(occurs. As)108 424.8 R 2.597 +(as)2.597 G .097(pecial case, if)-2.597 F F1(n)2.596 E F0 .096 +(is omitted, and)2.596 F F1(wor)2.596 E(d)-.37 E F0 .096(does not e) +2.596 F .096(xpand to one or more digits, the standard out-)-.15 F +(put and standard error are redirected as described pre)108 436.8 Q +(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F2(Mo)87 453.6 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0 +(The redirection operator)108 465.6 Q([)144 482.4 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<&) +A F1(digit)A F2<ad>A F0(mo)108 499.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(st).15 G +.535(he \214le descriptor)-3.035 F F1(digit)3.035 E F0 .535 +(to \214le descriptor)3.035 F F1(n)3.035 E F0 3.035(,o).24 G 3.035(rt) +-3.035 G .536(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.035 F F1 +(n)3.036 E F0 .536(is not speci-)3.036 F(\214ed.)108 511.2 Q F1(digit)5 +E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F1(n)2.5 E F0(.)A +(Similarly)108 528 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 +544.8 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>&)A F1(digit)A F2<ad>A F0(mo)108 561.6 Q -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 2.786(st).15 G .286(he \214le descriptor)-2.786 F F1(digit) +2.786 E F0 .286(to \214le descriptor)2.786 F F1(n)2.786 E F0 2.786(,o) +.24 G 2.786(rt)-2.786 G .285 +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.786 F F1(n)2.785 E F0 +.285(is not speci-)2.785 F(\214ed.)108 573.6 Q F2 +(Opening File Descriptors f)87 590.4 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 +(The redirection operator)108 602.4 Q([)144 619.2 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>) +A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 +636 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349 (to be opened for both reading and writing on \214le)4.619 F(descriptor) -108 463.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G -(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E +108 648 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G +(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E (If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 480 Q F2(Aliases)108 492 Q F0(allo)3.173 E -3.173(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674 -(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 664.8 Q F1(Aliases)108 676.8 Q F0(allo)3.174 +E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674 +(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .673 (ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\ -ses that may be set and unset with the)108 504 R F1(alias)2.893 E F0 -(and)2.893 E F1(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2 -F(\(see)108 516 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09 E -1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98 -(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F -(check)108 528 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473 -(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472 -(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F1(/)2.972 E F0(,)A -F1($)2.972 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 540 Q F1(=)3.611 E F0 -1.111(and an)3.611 F 3.611(yo)-.15 G 3.611(ft)-3.611 G 1.111(he shell) --3.611 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 -(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.412 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.112 -(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 552 R 1.12 -(replacement te)3.62 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G -1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.119 -(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 564 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1 F -.513(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .513(ut a w)-.2 F .514 -(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .514(xpanded is)-.15 F -.296(not e)108 576 R .296(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 -(This means that one may alias)5.296 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1 -.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .295(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1 -(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .542(to recursi)108 588 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .542(ly e).15 F .542(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F -3.042(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.042 F .543 -(alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.043 E F0 3.043(,t).67 G .543(hen the ne) --3.043 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 600 Q(ord follo)-.1 E +ses that may be set and unset with the)108 688.8 R F2(alias)2.894 E F0 +(and)2.894 E F2(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2 +F(\(see)108 700.8 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E +1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98 +(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 +F(check)108 712.8 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472 +(If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473 +(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F2(/)2.973 E F0(,)A +F2($)2.973 E F0(,)A F2<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 724.8 Q F2(=)3.612 E F0 +1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell) +-3.612 F F1(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 +(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111 +(ay not appear in an alias).15 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17) +142.065 E(25)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 26 26 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E 3.619(name. The)108 84 R 1.119(replacement te)3.619 F 1.119 +(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G 1.119 +(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.12 +(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 96 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1 F +.514(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .514(ut a w)-.2 F .513 +(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F +.295(not e)108 108 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 +(This means that one may alias)5.295 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(ls)2.796 E +F0(to)2.796 E F1 .296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296 +(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F +.543(to recursi)108 120 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .543(ly e).15 F .543 +(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F 3.043(xt. If)-.15 F .543 +(the last character of the alias v)3.043 F .542(alue is a)-.25 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(blank)3.042 E F0 3.042(,t).67 G .542(hen the ne) +-3.042 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 132 Q(ord follo)-.1 E (wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 -E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 616.8 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 +E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 148.8 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 (command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F1 (unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .284 -(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 633.6 R .284 +(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 165.6 R .284 (guments in the replacement te)-.18 F 2.784(xt. If)-.15 F(ar)2.784 E .284(guments are needed, a shell func-)-.18 F(tion should be used \(see) -108 645.6 Q F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.22 -(Aliases are not e)108 662.4 R 1.22 +108 177.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).) +-.25 E 1.22(Aliases are not e)108 194.4 R 1.22 (xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.72(,u) .15 G 1.22(nless the)-3.72 F F1(expand_aliases)3.72 E F0 1.22 -(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 674.4 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -(\(see the description of)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4 +(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 206.4 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 +(\(see the description of)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F3 (SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 -E .436 +E .435 (The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108 -691.2 R .435(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.435 E F0(al)2.935 E -.1 -(wa)-.1 G .435(ys reads at least).1 F .337 -(one complete line of input before e)108 703.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338 +223.2 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1 +(wa)-.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .338 +(one complete line of input before e)108 235.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338 (cuting an).15 F 2.838(yo)-.15 G 2.838(ft)-2.838 G .338 -(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .338(Aliases are e)5.338 F .338 -(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.404(ac)108 715.2 S .904 -(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.404 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404 +(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .337(Aliases are e)5.337 F .337 +(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.403(ac)108 247.2 S .904 +(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.403 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404 (cuted. Therefore,).15 F .904 -(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.161 -(another command does not tak)108 727.2 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 +(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.162 +(another command does not tak)108 259.2 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 G 1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F -1.162(The commands follo)6.162 F 1.162(wing the)-.25 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 -768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(25)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 26 26 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .277(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 84 R .277 +1.161(The commands follo)6.161 F 1.161(wing the)-.25 F .277 +(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 271.2 R .277 (fected by the ne)-.25 F 2.777(wa)-.25 G 2.777(lias. This)-2.777 F(beha) -2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .698(are e)108 -96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F .699(\ -xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the function is \ -e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .495 -(because a function de\214nition is itself a compound command.)108 108 R -.494(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .084 -(tion are not a)108 120 R -.25(va)-.2 G .084 +2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .699(are e)108 +283.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.199(cuted. Aliases).15 F .699(are e)3.199 F +.699(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the functio\ +n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .494 +(because a function de\214nition is itself a compound command.)108 295.2 +R .495(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .085 +(tion are not a)108 307.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G .084 (ilable until after that function is e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.584 (cuted. T).15 F 2.584(ob)-.8 G 2.584(es)-2.584 G .084(afe, al)-2.584 F --.1(wa)-.1 G .085(ys put alias de\214nitions on a sepa-).1 F -(rate line, and do not use)108 132 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(alias)2.5 E -F0(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 148.8 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e) --2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E/F2 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)72 165.6 Q F0 3.468(As)108 177.6 S .968 -(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15 -H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F4 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F -1.001(later e)108 189.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002 +-.1(wa)-.1 G .084(ys put alias de\214nitions on a sepa-).1 F +(rate line, and do not use)108 319.2 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 +(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 336 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.) +.15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)72 352.8 Q F0 3.467(As)108 +364.8 S .967(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.467 F 1.267 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F5 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .968(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F +1.002(later e)108 376.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.502(cution. When).15 F 1.002 (the name of a shell function is used as a simple command name, the lis\ -t of com-)3.501 F .316(mands associated with that function name is e)108 -201.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .315(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 -F .035(shell; no ne)108 213.6 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036 -(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.535 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .036(When a)5.036 -F .64(function is e)108 225.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F +t of com-)3.502 F .315(mands associated with that function name is e)108 +388.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .316(cuted in the conte).15 F .316(xt of the current)-.15 +F .036(shell; no ne)108 400.8 R 2.536(wp)-.25 G .036 +(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.536 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .035(When a)5.035 +F .639(function is e)108 412.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .639(cuted, the ar).15 F .639 (guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e) --.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 237.6 -R F1(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .533 -(Special parameter 0 is unchanged.)5.532 F .533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F -(ment of the)108 249.6 Q F3(FUNCN)2.5 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G +-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .533(The special parameter)108 424.8 +R F1(#)3.033 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.033 F .532 +(Special parameter 0 is unchanged.)5.532 F .532(The \214rst ele-)5.532 F +(ment of the)108 436.8 Q F3(FUNCN)2.5 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G (riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E 1.25(All other aspects of the shell e)108 -266.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25 +453.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25 (vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F -1.048(these e)108 278.4 R 3.548(xceptions: the)-.15 F F3(DEB)3.548 E(UG) +1.049(these e)108 465.6 R 3.548(xceptions: the)-.15 F F3(DEB)3.548 E(UG) -.09 E F0(and)3.298 E F1(RETURN)3.548 E F0 1.048 (traps \(see the description of the)3.548 F F1(trap)3.548 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.548 G 1.048(iltin under).2 F F3(SHELL)3.549 E -.09(BU)108 290.4 S(IL) -.09 E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479 +3.548 G 1.048(iltin under).2 F F3(SHELL)3.548 E -.09(BU)108 477.6 S(IL) +.09 E .478(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.728 E .479 (w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F1(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E -.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 302.4 R F3(declar) +-.25 G 2.979(nt).15 G(he)-2.979 E F1(trace)2.979 E F0(attrib)2.979 E +.479(ute \(see)-.2 F .421(the description of the)108 489.6 R F3(declar) 2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the) -.25 F F1 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42 -(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F1(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu) -108 314.4 S .072(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F1 +(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F1(set)2.92 E F0 -.2(bu) +108 501.6 S .071(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F1 (DEB)2.572 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.572 E F1(RETURN)2.572 E F0 .072 -(traps\), and the)2.572 F F3(ERR)2.571 E F0 .071(trap is not inher)2.321 -F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 326.4 Q F1(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 -(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 343.2 S .655 +(traps\), and the)2.572 F F3(ERR)2.572 E F0 .072(trap is not inher)2.322 +F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 513.6 Q F1(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 +(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 530.4 S .656 (riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F1(local) -3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.156 G .656(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.656 E -3.156(,v)-.65 G .656(ariables and)-3.406 F(their v)108 355.2 Q +3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.155 G .655(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.655 E +3.155(,v)-.65 G .655(ariables and)-3.405 F(their v)108 542.4 Q (alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E(.)-.55 E -.044(If the b)108 372 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F1 -.18(re)2.543 G +.043(If the b)108 559.2 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F1 -.18(re)2.543 G (tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043 (cuted in a function, the function completes and e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.043(cution resumes with).15 F 1.011(the ne)108 384 R 1.011 +.044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 571.2 R 1.012 (xt command after the function call.)-.15 F(An)6.011 E 3.511(yc)-.15 G -1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.512 E F0 1.012 -(trap is e)3.512 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .214(before e)108 396 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .214(cution resumes.).15 F .213 -(When a function completes, the v)5.214 F .213 +1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.511 E F0 1.011 +(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 583.2 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .213(cution resumes.).15 F .213 +(When a function completes, the v)5.213 F .214 (alues of the positional parameters and the spe-)-.25 F(cial parameter) -108 408 Q F1(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E 2.5 -(yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)-2.65 -G(cution.).15 E 1.358 -(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 424.8 R F1 +108 595.2 Q F1(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E +2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe) +-2.65 G(cution.).15 E 1.359 +(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 612 R F1 <ad66>3.858 E F0 1.358(option to the)3.858 F F1(declar)3.858 E(e)-.18 E -F0(or)3.859 E F1(typeset)3.859 E F0 -.2(bu)3.859 G 1.359(iltin com-).2 F -3.39(mands. The)108 436.8 R F1<ad46>3.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F1 +F0(or)3.858 E F1(typeset)3.858 E F0 -.2(bu)3.858 G 1.358(iltin com-).2 F +3.39(mands. The)108 624 R F1<ad46>3.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F1 (declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F1(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89 (will list the function names only \(and optionally the source)3.39 F -.326(\214le and line number)108 448.8 R 2.826(,i)-.4 G 2.826(ft)-2.826 G -(he)-2.826 E F1(extdeb)2.826 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 -(shell option is enabled\).)2.826 F .327(Functions may be e)5.327 F .327 -(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.298(automatically ha)108 460.8 R -1.598 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.298(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F1<ad66>3.798 E -F0 1.298(option to the)3.798 F F1(export)3.797 E F0 -.2(bu)3.797 G 3.797 -(iltin. A).2 F 1.297(function de\214nition may be)3.797 F .16 -(deleted using the)108 472.8 R F1<ad66>2.66 E F0 .16(option to the)2.66 -F F1(unset)2.66 E F0 -.2(bu)2.66 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .161 -(that shell functions and v)2.661 F .161(ariables with the same name) --.25 F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en) -108 484.8 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G -3.825(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 496.8 Q +.327(\214le and line number)108 636 R 2.827(,i)-.4 G 2.827(ft)-2.827 G +(he)-2.827 E F1(extdeb)2.827 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 +(shell option is enabled\).)2.827 F .326(Functions may be e)5.326 F .326 +(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.297(automatically ha)108 648 R 1.597 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F1<ad66>3.797 E F0 +1.297(option to the)3.797 F F1(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798 +(iltin. A).2 F 1.298(function de\214nition may be)3.798 F .161 +(deleted using the)108 660 R F1<ad66>2.661 E F0 .161(option to the)2.661 +F F1(unset)2.661 E F0 -.2(bu)2.661 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .16 +(that shell functions and v)2.661 F .16(ariables with the same name)-.25 +F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en)108 +672 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G 3.825 +(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 684 Q (en in cases where this may cause a problem.)-.1 E -(Functions may be recursi)108 513.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.N).15 G 2.5(ol) +(Functions may be recursi)108 700.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.N).15 G 2.5(ol) -5 G(imit is imposed on the number of recursi)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H -(alls.).15 E F2(ARITHMETIC EV)72 530.4 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G -(ION)1.04 E F0 2.297(The shell allo)108 542.4 R 2.297(ws arithmetic e) --.25 F 2.297(xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.297 -(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F F1(let)4.798 E F0 -(and)4.798 E F1(declar)108 554.4 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.706 G .206 -(iltin commands and).2 F F1 .206(Arithmetic Expansion)2.706 F F0 2.705 -(\). Ev)B .205(aluation is done in \214x)-.25 F .205(ed-width inte)-.15 -F .205(gers with no)-.15 F .428(check for o)108 566.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G -(r\215o).15 E 1.728 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .428(hough di).65 F .428 -(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F 5.429(.T)-.55 G -.429(he operators and their prece-)-5.429 F 1.92(dence, associati)108 -578.4 R(vity)-.25 E 4.42(,a)-.65 G 1.92(nd v)-4.42 F 1.92 -(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F 1.919(The follo)6.919 F -1.919(wing list of operators is)-.25 F(grouped into le)108 590.4 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 E(The le)5 E -.15(ve) --.25 G(ls are listed in order of decreasing precedence.).15 E/F5 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 607.2 Q F1(++)A F5(id)2.5 E F1<adad>A F0 -.25 -(va)144 619.2 S(riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F1(++)108 -631.2 Q F5(id)A F1<adad>2.5 E F5(id)A F0 -.25(va)144 643.2 S -(riable pre-increment and pre-decrement).25 E F1 2.5<ad2b>108 655.2 S F0 -(unary minus and plus)19.6 E F1 2.5(!~)108 667.2 S F0 -(logical and bitwise ne)24.34 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(tion).05 E F1(**)108 -679.2 Q F0 -.15(ex)26 G(ponentiation).15 E F1 2.5(*/%)108 691.2 S F0 -(multiplication, di)10.72 E(vision, remainder)-.25 E F1 2.5<2bad>108 -703.2 S F0(addition, subtraction)19.6 E F1(<< >>)108 715.2 Q F0 -(left and right bitwise shifts)10.7 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(26)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +(alls.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(26)192.055 E +0 Cg EP %%Page: 27 27 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(<= >= < >)108 84 Q F0(comparison)144 96 Q -F1(== !=)108 108 Q F0(equality and inequality)13.07 E F1(&)108 120 Q F0 -(bitwise AND)27.67 E F1(^)108 132 Q F0(bitwise e)32.67 E(xclusi)-.15 E -.3 -.15(ve O)-.25 H(R).15 E F1(|)108 144 Q F0(bitwise OR)33.8 E F1(&&) -108 156 Q F0(logical AND)19.34 E F1(||)108 168 Q F0(logical OR)31.6 E/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)108 180 S(pr).2 E F1(?)A F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E -F1(:)A F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0(conditional operator)144 192 Q F1 2.5(=*) -108 204 S 2.5(=/)-2.5 G 2.5(=%)-2.5 G 2.5(=+)-2.5 G 2.5<3dad>-2.5 G 2.5 -(=<)-2.5 G(<= >>= &= ^= |=)-2.5 E F0(assignment)144 216 Q F2 -.2(ex)108 -228 S(pr1).2 E F1(,)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(comma)144 240 Q -.68(Shell v)108 256.8 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68 +-.35 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ARITHMETIC EV)72 84 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04 +(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.298(The shell allo)108 96 R 2.297 +(ws arithmetic e)-.25 F 2.297(xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G +2.297(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(let)4.797 E F0(and)4.797 E F2(declar)108 108 Q(e)-.18 E +F0 -.2(bu)2.705 G .205(iltin commands and).2 F F2 .205 +(Arithmetic Expansion)2.705 F F0 2.705(\). Ev)B .205 +(aluation is done in \214x)-.25 F .206(ed-width inte)-.15 F .206 +(gers with no)-.15 F .429(check for o)108 120 R -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o) +.15 E 1.729 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .429(hough di).65 F .428 +(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F 5.428(.T)-.55 G +.428(he operators and their prece-)-5.428 F 1.919(dence, associati)108 +132 R(vity)-.25 E 4.419(,a)-.65 G 1.919(nd v)-4.419 F 1.919 +(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F 1.92(The follo)6.92 F +1.92(wing list of operators is)-.25 F(grouped into le)108 144 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 E(The le)5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ls are listed in order of decreasing precedence.).15 E/F3 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 160.8 Q F2(++)A F3(id)2.5 E F2<adad>A F0 -.25 +(va)144 172.8 S(riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F2(++)108 +184.8 Q F3(id)A F2<adad>2.5 E F3(id)A F0 -.25(va)144 196.8 S +(riable pre-increment and pre-decrement).25 E F2 2.5<ad2b>108 208.8 S F0 +(unary minus and plus)19.6 E F2 2.5(!~)108 220.8 S F0 +(logical and bitwise ne)24.34 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(tion).05 E F2(**)108 +232.8 Q F0 -.15(ex)26 G(ponentiation).15 E F2 2.5(*/%)108 244.8 S F0 +(multiplication, di)10.72 E(vision, remainder)-.25 E F2 2.5<2bad>108 +256.8 S F0(addition, subtraction)19.6 E F2(<< >>)108 268.8 Q F0 +(left and right bitwise shifts)10.7 E F2(<= >= < >)108 280.8 Q F0 +(comparison)144 292.8 Q F2(== !=)108 304.8 Q F0(equality and inequality) +13.07 E F2(&)108 316.8 Q F0(bitwise AND)27.67 E F2(^)108 328.8 Q F0 +(bitwise e)32.67 E(xclusi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve O)-.25 H(R).15 E F2(|)108 +340.8 Q F0(bitwise OR)33.8 E F2(&&)108 352.8 Q F0(logical AND)19.34 E F2 +(||)108 364.8 Q F0(logical OR)31.6 E F3 -.2(ex)108 376.8 S(pr).2 E F2(?) +A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F2(:)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0 +(conditional operator)144 388.8 Q F2 2.5(=*)108 400.8 S 2.5(=/)-2.5 G +2.5(=%)-2.5 G 2.5(=+)-2.5 G 2.5<3dad>-2.5 G 2.5(=<)-2.5 G +(<= >>= &= ^= |=)-2.5 E F0(assignment)144 412.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 424.8 S +(pr1).2 E F2(,)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(comma)144 436.8 Q .68 +(Shell v)108 453.6 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68 (wed as operands; parameter e)-.25 F .68 (xpansion is performed before the e)-.15 F .68(xpression is e)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.508(ated. W)108 268.8 R 1.008(ithin an e)-.4 -F 1.008(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 +-.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.507(ated. W)108 465.6 R 1.007(ithin an e)-.4 +F 1.007(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 (ariables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter) --.25 F -.15(ex)108 280.8 S 1.04(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.54(As)6.04 G -1.04(hell v)-3.54 F 1.04(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25(va) --.25 G 1.041(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.467 -(using the parameter e)108 292.8 R 1.467(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 -(The v)6.467 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G 1.466(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.389 -(when it is referenced, or when a v)108 304.8 R 1.389 -(ariable which has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.89(nt).15 G(he)-3.89 -E F2(inte)3.89 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.89 E 1.39(ute using)-.2 -F F1(declar)3.89 E 3.89(e-)-.18 G(i)-3.89 E F0(is)3.89 E .344 -(assigned a v)108 316.8 R 2.844(alue. A)-.25 F .343(null v)2.843 F .343 -(alue e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .343(luates to 0.).25 F 2.843(As)5.343 G -.343(hell v)-2.843 F .343(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .643 -.15(ve i)-.2 -H .343(ts inte).15 F .343(ger attrib)-.15 F .343(ute turned on)-.2 F -(to be used in an e)108 328.8 Q(xpression.)-.15 E 1.406 -(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 345.6 -R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.407(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) --.15 E .59(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 357.6 R 3.09(et)-.1 G .59 -(he form [)-3.09 F F2(base#)A F0 .59(]n, where)B F2(base)3.089 E F0 .589 -(is a decimal number between 2 and 64 represent-)3.089 F .092 -(ing the arithmetic base, and)108 369.6 R F2(n)2.592 E F0 .093 -(is a number in that base.)2.592 F(If)5.093 E F2(base#)2.593 E F0 .093 -(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)2.593 F .093(The digits)5.093 F .065 -(greater than 9 are represented by the lo)108 381.6 R .064 +-.25 F -.15(ex)108 477.6 S 1.041(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.541(As)6.041 G +1.041(hell v)-3.541 F 1.041(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G 1.04(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.466 +(using the parameter e)108 489.6 R 1.466(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 +(The v)6.466 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G 1.467(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.39 +(when it is referenced, or when a v)108 501.6 R 1.389 +(ariable which has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.889(nt).15 G(he) +-3.889 E F3(inte)3.889 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.889 E 1.389 +(ute using)-.2 F F2(declar)3.889 E 3.889(e-)-.18 G(i)-3.889 E F0(is) +3.889 E .343(assigned a v)108 513.6 R 2.843(alue. A)-.25 F .343(null v) +2.843 F .343(alue e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .343(luates to 0.).25 F 2.843 +(As)5.343 G .343(hell v)-2.843 F .343(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .643 +-.15(ve i)-.2 H .343(ts inte).15 F .344(ger attrib)-.15 F .344 +(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 525.6 Q(xpression.)-.15 E +1.406(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 +542.4 R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.406(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F +(xadecimal.)-.15 E .589(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 554.4 R 3.089(et)-.1 +G .589(he form [)-3.089 F F3(base#)A F0 .589(]n, where)B F3(base)3.089 E +F0 .59(is a decimal number between 2 and 64 represent-)3.089 F .093 +(ing the arithmetic base, and)108 566.4 R F3(n)2.593 E F0 .093 +(is a number in that base.)2.593 F(If)5.093 E F3(base#)2.593 E F0 .092 +(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)2.593 F .092(The digits)5.092 F .064 +(greater than 9 are represented by the lo)108 578.4 R .064 (wercase letters, the uppercase letters, @, and _, in that order)-.25 F -5.064(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.064 E F2(base)2.564 E F0 .432 -(is less than or equal to 36, lo)108 393.6 R .433(wercase and uppercase\ +5.065(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.065 E F3(base)2.565 E F0 .433 +(is less than or equal to 36, lo)108 590.4 R .432(wercase and uppercase\ letters may be used interchangeably to represent num-)-.25 F -(bers between 10 and 35.)108 405.6 Q .235(Operators are e)108 422.4 R --.25(va)-.25 G .235(luated in order of precedence.).25 F(Sub-e)5.234 E -.234(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .234 -(luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 434.4 S -(rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)72 451.2 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .255 -(Conditional e)108 463.2 R .255(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F F1([[) -2.755 E F0 .255(compound command and the)2.755 F F1(test)2.755 E F0(and) -2.755 E F1([)2.756 E F0 -.2(bu)2.756 G .256(iltin commands to test).2 F -.77(\214le attrib)108 475.2 R .77 +(bers between 10 and 35.)108 602.4 Q .234(Operators are e)108 619.2 R +-.25(va)-.25 G .234(luated in order of precedence.).25 F(Sub-e)5.234 E +.234(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .235 +(luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 631.2 S +(rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1 +(CONDITION)72 648 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .256(Conditional e)108 660 +R .256(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F F2([[)2.755 E F0 .255 +(compound command and the)2.755 F F2(test)2.755 E F0(and)2.755 E F2([) +2.755 E F0 -.2(bu)2.755 G .255(iltin commands to test).2 F .77 +(\214le attrib)108 672 R .77 (utes and perform string and arithmetic comparisons.)-.2 F .77 -(Expressions are formed from the follo)5.77 F(wing)-.25 E 1.04 -(unary or binary primaries.)108 487.2 R 1.04(If an)6.04 F(y)-.15 E F2 -(\214le)3.54 E F0(ar)3.54 E 1.041 -(gument to one of the primaries is of the form)-.18 F F2(/de)3.541 E -(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 3.541(,t)C 1.041(hen \214le)-3.541 F(descriptor)108 -499.2 Q F2(n)3.789 E F0 1.289(is check)3.789 F 3.789(ed. 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-.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is a character special \214le.).15 E F1<ad64>108 600 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex) -2.5 G(ists and is a directory).15 E(.)-.65 E F1<ad65>108 612 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)11.14 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex) -2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1<ad66>108 624 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.25 G -(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a re).15 E -(gular \214le.)-.15 E F1<ad67>108 636 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.58 -G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is set-group-id.).15 E F1<ad68>108 648 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F1<ad6b>108 660 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and its `).15 E(`stick)-.74 E(y')-.15 E 2.5('b)-.74 G(it is set.) --2.5 E F1<ad70>108 672 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E -F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a named pipe \(FIFO\).).15 -E F1<ad72>108 684 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)11.14 G(ue if).35 E F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is readable.).15 E F1<ad73>108 -696 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)11.69 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and has a size greater than zero.).15 E F1<ad74>108 -708 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)16.69 G(ue if \214le descriptor).35 E F2 -(fd)4.47 E F0(is open and refers to a terminal.)3.27 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 -768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(27)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +108 724.8 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .721(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) +-3.221 F(get)-.18 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(27) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 28 28 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad75>108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex) -2.5 G(ists and its set-user).15 E(-id bit is set.)-.2 E F1<ad77>108 96 Q -F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)8.36 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is writable.).15 E F1<ad78>108 108 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E -F0 -.35(Tr)10.58 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable.).15 E F1<ad4f>108 120 Q F2 +-.35 E(of the link, rather than the link itself.)108 84 Q/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>108 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)10.58 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E +F1<ad62>108 120 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a block special \214le.).15 E +F1<ad63>108 132 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)11.14 G(ue if).35 E F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a character special \214le.) +.15 E F1<ad64>108 144 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E +F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a directory).15 E(.)-.65 E +F1<ad65>108 156 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)11.14 G(ue if).35 E F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1<ad66>108 168 Q F2(\214le) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.25 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is a re).15 E(gular \214le.)-.15 E F1<ad67>108 180 Q F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.58 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex) +2.5 G(ists and is set-group-id.).15 E F1<ad68>108 192 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E +F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F1<ad6b>108 204 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and its `).15 E(`stick)-.74 E(y')-.15 E 2.5('b)-.74 G(it is set.) +-2.5 E F1<ad70>108 216 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E +F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a named pipe \(FIFO\).).15 +E F1<ad72>108 228 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)11.14 G(ue if).35 E F2 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is readable.).15 E F1<ad73>108 +240 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)11.69 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and has a size greater than zero.).15 E F1<ad74>108 +252 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)16.69 G(ue if \214le descriptor).35 E F2 +(fd)4.47 E F0(is open and refers to a terminal.)3.27 E F1<ad75>108 264 Q +F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and its set-user).15 E(-id bit is set.)-.2 E F1<ad77>108 +276 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)8.36 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is writable.).15 E F1<ad78>108 288 Q F2(\214le) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.58 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable.).15 E F1<ad4f>108 300 Q F2 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)7.8 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex) 2.5 G(ists and is o).15 E(wned by the ef)-.25 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15 -(ve u)-.25 H(ser id.).15 E F1<ad47>108 132 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr) +(ve u)-.25 H(ser id.).15 E F1<ad47>108 312 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr) 7.8 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is o).15 E (wned by the ef)-.25 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve g)-.25 H(roup id.).15 E -F1<ad4c>108 144 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)8.91 G(ue if).35 E F2 +F1<ad4c>108 324 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)8.91 G(ue if).35 E F2 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F1 -<ad53>108 156 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2 +<ad53>108 336 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)10.02 G(ue if).35 E F2 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a sock).15 E(et.)-.1 E F1 -<ad4e>108 168 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)8.36 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le) +<ad4e>108 348 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)8.36 G(ue if).35 E F2(\214le) 2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and has been modi\214ed since it w).15 E -(as last read.)-.1 E F2(\214le1)108 180 Q F0<ad>2.5 E F1(nt)A F2 -(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 192 S .039(ue if).35 F F2(\214le1)2.539 E +(as last read.)-.1 E F2(\214le1)108 360 Q F0<ad>2.5 E F1(nt)A F2 +(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 372 S .038(ue if).35 F F2(\214le1)2.538 E F0 .039(is ne)2.539 F .039 (wer \(according to modi\214cation date\) than)-.25 F F2(\214le2)2.539 E F0 2.539(,o)C 2.539(ri)-2.539 G(f)-2.539 E F2(\214le1)2.539 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.539 G .039(ists and).15 F F2(\214le2)2.539 E F0 .038(does not.) -2.538 F F2(\214le1)108 204 Q F0<ad>2.5 E F1(ot)A F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 216 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F2 +(ex)2.539 G .039(ists and).15 F F2(\214le2)2.539 E F0 .039(does not.) +2.539 F F2(\214le1)108 384 Q F0<ad>2.5 E F1(ot)A F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)144 396 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F2 (\214le2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and).15 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F2 -(\214le1)108 228 Q F1(\255ef)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 240 S +(\214le1)108 408 Q F1(\255ef)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 420 S (ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 (refer to the same de)2.5 E(vice and inode numbers.)-.25 E F1<ad6f>108 -252 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 264 S 1.143(ue if shell option).35 -F F2(optname)3.873 E F0 1.143(is enabled.)3.823 F 1.144 -(See the list of options under the description of the)6.143 F F1<ad6f> -3.644 E F0(option to the)144 276 Q F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1<ad7a>108 288 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 300 S(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.5 E F0(is zero.) -2.5 E F2(string)108 312 Q F1<ad6e>108 324 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr) -144 336 S(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.84 E F0(is non-zero.) -2.72 E F2(string1)108 352.8 Q F1(==)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr) -144 364.8 S(ue if the strings are equal.).35 E F1(=)5 E F0 +432 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 444 S 1.144(ue if shell option).35 +F F2(optname)3.874 E F0 1.144(is enabled.)3.824 F 1.143 +(See the list of options under the description of the)6.144 F F1<ad6f> +3.643 E F0(option to the)144 456 Q F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1<ad7a>108 468 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)144 480 S(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.5 E F0(is zero.) +2.5 E F2(string)108 492 Q F1<ad6e>108 504 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr) +144 516 S(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.84 E F0(is non-zero.) +2.72 E F2(string1)108 532.8 Q F1(==)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr) +144 544.8 S(ue if the strings are equal.).35 E F1(=)5 E F0 (may be used in place of)2.5 E F1(==)2.5 E F0 -(for strict POSIX compliance.)2.5 E F2(string1)108 381.6 Q F1(!=)2.5 E -F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 393.6 S -(ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E F2(string1)108 410.4 Q F1(<)2.5 -E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 422.4 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E +(for strict POSIX compliance.)2.5 E F2(string1)108 561.6 Q F1(!=)2.5 E +F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 573.6 S +(ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E F2(string1)108 590.4 Q F1(<)2.5 +E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 602.4 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts before)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 -E(.)-.65 E F2(string1)108 439.2 Q F1(>)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)144 451.2 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F2 +E(.)-.65 E F2(string1)108 619.2 Q F1(>)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35 +(Tr)144 631.2 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F2 (string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F2(ar)108.33 -468 Q(g1)-.37 E F1(OP)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(OP)144 480 Q F0 .385(is one of)2.635 F F1(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F1 +648 Q(g1)-.37 E F1(OP)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(OP)144 660 Q F0 .385(is one of)2.634 F F1(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F1 (\255ne)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255lt)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255le)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255gt)2.885 E F0 2.885(,o)C(r)-2.885 E F1(\255ge)2.885 E F0 5.385 (.T)C .385(hese arithmetic binary operators return true if)-5.385 F F2 -(ar)2.884 E(g1)-.37 E F0 .845(is equal to, not equal to, less than, les\ -s than or equal to, greater than, or greater than or equal to)144 492 R -F2(ar)144 504 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r)C(especti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly) +(ar)2.885 E(g1)-.37 E F0 .845(is equal to, not equal to, less than, les\ +s than or equal to, greater than, or greater than or equal to)144 672 R +F2(ar)144 684 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r)C(especti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly) .15 E(.)-.65 E F2(Ar)6.01 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(g2)-.37 E F0(may be positi)2.52 E .3 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.5(rn).15 G -2.25 -.15 (eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E/F4 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 520.8 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 -.614(When a simple command is e)108 532.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 -(cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .613(wing e)-.25 F .613 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 700.8 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 +.613(When a simple command is e)108 712.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 +(cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .614(wing e)-.25 F .614 (xpansions, assignments, and redi-)-.15 F(rections, from left to right.) -108 544.8 Q 26(1. The)108 561.6 R -.1(wo)4.348 G 1.848 -(rds that the parser has mark).1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.849 +108 724.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(28)192.055 E +0 Cg EP +%%Page: 29 29 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E 26(1. The)108 84 R -.1(wo)4.349 G 1.849 +(rds that the parser has mark).1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.848 (ariable assignments \(those preceding the command)-.25 F -(name\) and redirections are sa)144 573.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G -(or later processing.)-2.5 E 26(2. The)108 590.4 R -.1(wo)3.664 G 1.164 +(name\) and redirections are sa)144 96 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G +(or later processing.)-2.5 E 26(2. The)108 112.8 R -.1(wo)3.663 G 1.163 (rds that are not v).1 F 1.164 -(ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.663(xpanded. If)-.15 -F(an)3.663 E 3.663(yw)-.15 G 1.163(ords remain)-3.763 F .775(after e)144 -602.4 R .775(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .775(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 +(ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.664(xpanded. If)-.15 +F(an)3.664 E 3.664(yw)-.15 G 1.164(ords remain)-3.764 F .776(after e)144 +124.8 R .776(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .776(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 (en to be the name of the command and the remaining w)-.1 F(ords)-.1 E -(are the ar)144 614.4 Q(guments.)-.18 E 26(3. Redirections)108 631.2 R -(are performed as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3 -(REDIRECTION)2.5 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 26(4. The)108 648 R(te) -3.217 E .717(xt after the)-.15 F F1(=)3.217 E F0 .717(in each v)3.217 F -.717(ariable assignment under)-.25 F .717(goes tilde e)-.18 F .717 -(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F(xpansion,)-.15 E .339 -(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 660 R .339 +(are the ar)144 136.8 Q(guments.)-.18 E 26(3. Redirections)108 153.6 R +(are performed as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F1 +9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)2.5 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 26 +(4. The)108 170.4 R(te)3.216 E .717(xt after the)-.15 F/F3 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(=)3.217 E F0 .717(in each v)3.217 F .717 +(ariable assignment under)-.25 F .717(goes tilde e)-.18 F .717 +(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F(xpansion,)-.15 E .34 +(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 182.4 R .339 (xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.839(lb).25 G .339 -(efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 672 Q .332 -(If no command name results, the v)108 688.8 R .332 +(efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 194.4 Q +.332(If no command name results, the v)108 211.2 R .332 (ariable assignments af)-.25 F .332(fect the current shell en)-.25 F -2.832(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.832 E -.25(va)108 700.8 S .757 +2.833(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.833 E -.25(va)108 223.2 S .757 (riables are added to the en).25 F .757(vironment of the e)-.4 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .757(cuted command and do not af).15 F .757 -(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.177(ronment. If)108 712.8 -R(an)3.177 E 3.177(yo)-.15 G 3.177(ft)-3.177 G .677 -(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.177 F .677 -(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .676(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F -(the command e)108 724.8 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(28)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 29 29 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .149(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b) -108 84 R .149(ut do not af)-.2 F .15(fect the current shell en)-.25 F -2.65(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 96 -Q(xit with a non-zero status.)-.15 E 1.064 -(If there is a command name left after e)108 112.8 R 1.064(xpansion, e) +(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.176(ronment. If)108 235.2 +R(an)3.176 E 3.176(yo)-.15 G 3.176(ft)-3.176 G .677 +(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.176 F .677 +(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .677(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F +(the command e)108 247.2 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .15 +(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 264 R +.149(ut do not af)-.2 F .149(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.649 +(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 276 Q +(xit with a non-zero status.)-.15 E 1.064 +(If there is a command name left after e)108 292.8 R 1.064(xpansion, e) -.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.064(cution proceeds as described belo).15 F -4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .068(command e)108 -124.8 R 2.568(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.568 F .069 -(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .069 -(xit status of the command)-.15 F .467(is the e)108 136.8 R .466 -(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .466 -(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 148.8 -Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 165.6 Q F0 .546 -(After a command has been split into w)108 177.6 R .547 +4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .069(command e)108 +304.8 R 2.569(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.569 F .069 +(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .068 +(xit status of the command)-.15 F .466(is the e)108 316.8 R .466 +(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .467 +(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 328.8 +Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF +(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 345.6 Q F0 .547 +(After a command has been split into w)108 357.6 R .546 (ords, if it results in a simple command and an optional list of ar)-.1 -F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 189.6 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E +F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 369.6 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E (en.)-.1 E .379(If the command name contains no slashes, the shell atte\ -mpts to locate it.)108 206.4 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 +mpts to locate it.)108 386.4 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 (xists a shell function by)-.15 F .246(that name, that function is in) -108 218.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G -.246(escribed abo)-2.746 F .546 -.15(ve i)-.15 H(n).15 E/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)2.746 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .246 -(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F -(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 230.4 Q 2.5 +108 398.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G +.246(escribed abo)-2.746 F .546 -.15(ve i)-.15 H(n).15 E F1(FUNCTIONS) +2.746 E F2(.)A F0 .246(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F +(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 410.4 Q 2.5 (uiltins. If)-.2 F 2.5(am)2.5 G(atch is found, that b)-2.5 E -(uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .31 -(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 247.2 R .309 -(uiltin, and contains no slashes,)-.2 F/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)2.809 -E F0 .309(searches each element of)2.809 F(the)108 259.2 Q F2 -.666(PA) -3.162 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .662(for a directory containing an e)2.912 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .662(cutable \214le by that name.).15 F F4(Bash)5.662 E F0 -.663(uses a hash table to remember)3.162 F 1.915 -(the full pathnames of e)108 271.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915 -(cutable \214les \(see).15 F F4(hash)4.415 E F0(under)4.415 E F2 1.915 -(SHELL B)4.415 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.914(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.164 E -4.414(w\). A)-.25 F(full)4.414 E .719(search of the directories in)108 -283.2 R F2 -.666(PA)3.219 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .72 -(is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.)2.969 -F .72(If the)5.72 F .956(search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for\ - a de\214ned shell function named)108 295.2 R F4(command_not_f)3.455 E -(ound_han-)-.25 E(dle)108 307.2 Q F0 5.277(.I)C 2.777(ft)-5.277 G .277 -(hat function e)-2.777 F .277(xists, it is in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G 2.777(dw).1 G .278 -(ith the original command and the original command')-2.777 F 2.778(sa) --.55 G -.18(rg)-2.778 G(uments).18 E .776(as its ar)108 319.2 R .776 +(uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .309 +(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 427.2 R .31 +(uiltin, and contains no slashes,)-.2 F F3(bash)2.81 E F0 .31 +(searches each element of)2.81 F(the)108 439.2 Q F1 -.666(PA)3.163 G(TH) +-.189 E F0 .662(for a directory containing an e)2.913 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.662(cutable \214le by that name.).15 F F3(Bash)5.662 E F0 .662 +(uses a hash table to remember)3.162 F 1.914(the full pathnames of e)108 +451.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915(cutable \214les \(see).15 F F3(hash)4.415 E +F0(under)4.415 E F1 1.915(SHELL B)4.415 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.915(TIN COMMANDS) +-.828 F F0(belo)4.165 E 4.415(w\). A)-.25 F(full)4.415 E .72 +(search of the directories in)108 463.2 R F1 -.666(PA)3.22 G(TH)-.189 E +F0 .719 +(is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.)2.97 F +.719(If the)5.719 F .956(search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for\ + a de\214ned shell function named)108 475.2 R F3(command_not_f)3.456 E +(ound_han-)-.25 E(dle)108 487.2 Q F0 5.278(.I)C 2.778(ft)-5.278 G .278 +(hat function e)-2.778 F .278(xists, it is in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G 2.778(dw).1 G .277 +(ith the original command and the original command')-2.778 F 2.777(sa) +-.55 G -.18(rg)-2.777 G(uments).18 E .775(as its ar)108 499.2 R .775 (guments, and the function')-.18 F 3.275(se)-.55 G .775 (xit status becomes the e)-3.425 F .775(xit status of the shell.)-.15 F -.775(If that function is not)5.775 F -(de\214ned, the shell prints an error message and returns an e)108 331.2 +.776(If that function is not)5.776 F +(de\214ned, the shell prints an error message and returns an e)108 511.2 Q(xit status of 127.)-.15 E 1.089(If the search is successful, or if th\ -e command name contains one or more slashes, the shell e)108 348 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.09(cutes the).15 F .198(named program in a separate e)108 -360 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .198(cution en).15 F 2.698(vironment. Ar)-.4 F .198 -(gument 0 is set to the name gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .197 -(n, and the remain-).15 F(ing ar)108 372 Q +e command name contains one or more slashes, the shell e)108 528 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.089(cutes the).15 F .197(named program in a separate e)108 +540 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .197(cution en).15 F 2.698(vironment. Ar)-.4 F .198 +(gument 0 is set to the name gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .198 +(n, and the remain-).15 F(ing ar)108 552 Q (guments to the command are set to the ar)-.18 E(guments gi)-.18 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(n, if an).15 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.809(If this e)108 388.8 R +(ve)-.25 G(n, if an).15 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.809(If this e)108 568.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.809(cution f).15 F 1.809 (ails because the \214le is not in e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.809 (cutable format, and the \214le is not a directory).15 F 4.309(,i)-.65 G -4.309(ti)-4.309 G(s)-4.309 E .678(assumed to be a)108 400.8 R/F5 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF .678(shell script)3.178 F F0 3.178(,a\214)C .678 +4.309(ti)-4.309 G(s)-4.309 E .677(assumed to be a)108 580.8 R/F5 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF .678(shell script)3.177 F F0 3.178(,a\214)C .678 (le containing shell commands.)-3.178 F 3.178(As)5.678 G .678 -(ubshell is spa)-3.178 F .677(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .677 -(cute it.).15 F(This)5.677 E .329 -(subshell reinitializes itself, so that the ef)108 412.8 R .329 -(fect is as if a ne)-.25 F 2.83(ws)-.25 G .33(hell had been in)-2.83 F --.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.83(dt).1 G 2.83(oh)-2.83 G .33 -(andle the script, with)-2.83 F 1.219(the e)108 424.8 R 1.219 +(ubshell is spa)-3.178 F .678(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .678 +(cute it.).15 F(This)5.678 E .33 +(subshell reinitializes itself, so that the ef)108 592.8 R .33 +(fect is as if a ne)-.25 F 2.829(ws)-.25 G .329(hell had been in)-2.829 +F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.829(dt).1 G 2.829(oh)-2.829 G .329 +(andle the script, with)-2.829 F 1.219(the e)108 604.8 R 1.219 (xception that the locations of commands remembered by the parent \(see) --.15 F F4(hash)3.719 E F0(belo)3.719 E 3.719(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.719 E F2 -(SHELL)3.719 E -.09(BU)108 436.8 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F3(\))A -F0(are retained by the child.)2.25 E .347(If the program is a \214le be) -108 453.6 R .347(ginning with)-.15 F F4(#!)2.847 E F0 2.847(,t)C .348(h\ +-.15 F F3(hash)3.719 E F0(belo)3.719 E 3.719(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.719 E F1 +(SHELL)3.719 E -.09(BU)108 616.8 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F2(\))A +F0(are retained by the child.)2.25 E .348(If the program is a \214le be) +108 633.6 R .348(ginning with)-.15 F F3(#!)2.848 E F0 2.848(,t)C .347(h\ e remainder of the \214rst line speci\214es an interpreter for the pro-) --2.847 F 3.178(gram. 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The)-.15 F(ar)3.693 E 1.193 -(guments to the interpreter consist of a single optional ar)-.18 F 1.193 -(gument follo)-.18 F 1.193(wing the)-.25 F 1.131 -(interpreter name on the \214rst line of the program, follo)108 489.6 R -1.13(wed by the name of the program, follo)-.25 F 1.13(wed by the)-.25 F -(command ar)108 501.6 Q(guments, if an)-.18 E -.65(y.)-.15 G F1 -(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)72 518.4 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0(The shell has an) -108 530.4 Q F5 -.2(ex)2.5 G(ecution en).2 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 -2.5(,w)C(hich consists of the follo)-2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E 32.5<836f>108 -559.2 S 1.405(pen \214les inherited by the shell at in)-32.5 F -.2(vo) --.4 G 1.406(cation, as modi\214ed by redirections supplied to the).2 F -F4(exec)3.906 E F0 -.2(bu)144 571.2 S(iltin).2 E 32.5<8374>108 588 S -(he current w)-32.5 E(orking directory as set by)-.1 E F4(cd)2.5 E F0(,) -A F4(pushd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F4(popd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri) --2.5 G(nherited by the shell at in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation).2 E 32.5 -<8374>108 604.8 S(he \214le creation mode mask as set by)-32.5 E F4 -(umask)2.5 E F0(or inherited from the shell')2.5 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G(arent) --2.5 E 32.5<8363>108 621.6 S(urrent traps set by)-32.5 E F4(trap)2.5 E -F0 32.5<8373>108 638.4 S .257(hell parameters that are set by v)-32.5 F -.256(ariable assignment or with)-.25 F F4(set)2.756 E F0 .256 -(or inherited from the shell')2.756 F 2.756(sp)-.55 G(arent)-2.756 E -(in the en)144 650.4 Q(vironment)-.4 E 32.5<8373>108 667.2 S -(hell functions de\214ned during e)-32.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cution or inherited from the shell').15 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G -(arent in the en)-2.5 E(vironment)-.4 E 32.5<836f>108 684 S -(ptions enabled at in)-32.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation \(either by def).2 E -(ault or with command-line ar)-.1 E(guments\) or by)-.18 E F4(set)2.5 E -F0 32.5<836f>108 700.8 S(ptions enabled by)-32.5 E F4(shopt)2.5 E F0 -32.5<8373>108 717.6 S(hell aliases de\214ned with)-32.5 E F4(alias)2.5 E -F0(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(29)198.165 E 0 Cg EP + handle this e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable).15 E 1.193(format themselv) +108 657.6 R 3.693(es. 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Builtin).2 F .358(commands that are in)2.858 F -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E .856(as part of a pipeline are also e)108 326.4 -R -.15(xe)-.15 G .856(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.357 -(vironment. Changes)-.4 F .857(made to the subshell en)3.357 F(viron-) --.4 E(ment cannot af)108 338.4 Q(fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G --.15(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E(vironment.)-.4 E 1.377(Subshells spa)108 -355.2 R 1.377(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 +G 2.858(cation. Builtin).2 F .359(commands that are in)2.859 F -.2(vo) +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E .857(as part of a pipeline are also e)108 501.6 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G .856(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.356 +(vironment. Changes)-.4 F .856(made to the subshell en)3.356 F(viron-) +-.4 E(ment cannot af)108 513.6 Q(fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G +-.15(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E(vironment.)-.4 E 1.376(Subshells spa)108 +530.4 R 1.376(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 (cute command substitutions inherit the v).15 F 1.377(alue of the)-.25 F -F1<ad65>3.876 E F0 1.376(option from the parent)3.876 F 2.5(shell. When) -108 367.2 R(not in posix mode, Bash clears the)2.5 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0 -(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .404(If a command is follo)108 384 R -.404(wed by a)-.25 F F1(&)2.904 E F0 .405(and job control is not acti) -2.904 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.905(,t).15 G .405(he def)-2.905 F .405 -(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .198(is the empty \214le)108 -396 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/de)2.698 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.198(.O)C -.198(therwise, the in)-5.198 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.698(dc).1 G -.197(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell)-2.698 -F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 408 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -(ENVIR)72 424.8 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.353(When a program is in)108 436.8 -R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G 4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg) --4.853 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na).25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353 +F1<ad65>3.877 E F0 1.377(option from the parent)3.877 F 2.5(shell. When) +108 542.4 R(not in posix mode, Bash clears the)2.5 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0 +(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .405(If a command is follo)108 559.2 R +.405(wed by a)-.25 F F1(&)2.905 E F0 .404(and job control is not acti) +2.905 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.904(,t).15 G .404(he def)-2.904 F .404 +(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .197(is the empty \214le)108 +571.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/de)2.697 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.197(.O)C +.197(therwise, the in)-5.197 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.697(dc).1 G +.198(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell)-2.697 +F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 583.2 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF +(ENVIR)72 600 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.354(When a program is in)108 612 R +-.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G 4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg)-4.853 +G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na).25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353 (rray of strings called the)-4.853 F F2(en)4.853 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 -E F0 7.353(.T).68 G 2.354(his is a list of)-7.353 F F2(name)108 448.8 Q -F0<ad>A F2(value)A F0(pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F2 -(value)A F0(.).18 E 1.486(The shell pro)108 465.6 R 1.486(vides se)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.486(ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F -3.985(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.485 -(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F(wn)-.25 E(en)108 477.6 Q .144(viron\ +E F0 7.353(.T).68 G 2.353(his is a list of)-7.353 F F2(name)108 624 Q F0 +<ad>A F2(value)A F0(pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F2 +(value)A F0(.).18 E 1.485(The shell pro)108 640.8 R 1.485(vides se)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.485(ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F +3.985(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.486 +(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F(wn)-.25 E(en)108 652.8 Q .144(viron\ ment and creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking\ - it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.644 G(port).2 E F0 .144(to child pro-)3.324 F -2.704(cesses. Ex)108 489.6 R .203(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F + it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.643 G(port).2 E F0 .143(to child pro-)3.323 F +2.703(cesses. Ex)108 664.8 R .203(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F 2.703(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(export)2.703 E F0(and)2.703 E F1(declar) -2.703 E 2.703<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.703 E F0 .203(commands allo)2.703 F 2.703 -(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.703 E 1.153 -(eters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 501.6 R -3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.154 -(alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 513.6 Q .64 +2.703 E 2.703<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.703 E F0 .203(commands allo)2.703 F 2.704 +(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.704 E 1.153 +(eters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 676.8 R +3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.153 +(alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 688.8 Q .64 (vironment is modi\214ed, the ne)-.4 F 3.14(wv)-.25 G .64 (alue becomes part of the en)-3.39 F .64(vironment, replacing the old.) --.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 525.6 +-.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 700.8 R 3.08(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.23 G .58 (cuted command consists of the shell').15 F 3.08(si)-.55 G .58 (nitial en)-3.08 F .58(vironment, whose v)-.4 F .58(alues may be)-.25 F -.301(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 537.6 R 2.801(yp)-.15 G .301 -(airs remo)-2.801 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.801(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.801 G(he) --2.801 E F1(unset)2.801 E F0 .3(command, plus an)2.8 F 2.8(ya)-.15 G .3 -(dditions via the)-2.8 F F1(export)2.8 E F0(and)2.8 E F1(declar)108 -549.6 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .562(The en)108 -566.4 R .562(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .562(simple command) -3.402 F F0 .563 +.3(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 712.8 R 2.8(yp)-.15 G .3 +(airs remo)-2.8 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.8 G(he)-2.801 +E F1(unset)2.801 E F0 .301(command, plus an)2.801 F 2.801(ya)-.15 G .301 +(dditions via the)-2.801 F F1(export)2.801 E F0(and)2.801 E F1(declar) +108 724.8 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 +768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(30)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 31 31 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E .563(The en)108 84 R .563(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF .563(simple command)3.403 F F0 .562 (or function may be augmented temporarily by pre\214xing it with)3.833 F -.203(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 578.4 R .502 -.15(ve i) --.15 H(n).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 +.202(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 96 R .502 -.15(ve i) +-.15 H(n).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .202(These assignment statements af)4.702 F -.202(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 590.4 Q -(vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 607.2 R F1<ad6b> -3.31 E F0 .81(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F1(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.31 G .81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 -.81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 619.2 Q +.203(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 108 Q(vironment seen by that command.) +-.4 E .81(If the)108 124.8 R/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6b>3.31 E F0 .81 +(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F4(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu)3.31 G .81 +(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F1(all)3.64 E F0 .81 +(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 136.8 Q (vironment for a command, not just those that precede the command name.) --.4 E(When)108 636 Q F1(bash)3.397 E F0(in)3.397 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke) -.2 G 3.397(sa).1 G 3.397(ne)-3.397 G .897(xternal command, the v)-3.547 -F(ariable)-.25 E F1(_)3.397 E F0 .897 +-.4 E(When)108 153.6 Q F4(bash)3.396 E F0(in)3.396 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G 3.396(sa).1 G 3.397(ne)-3.396 G .897(xternal command, the v) +-3.547 F(ariable)-.25 E F4(_)3.397 E F0 .897 (is set to the full \214le name of the command and)3.397 F -(passed to that command in its en)108 648 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F3(EXIT ST) -72 664.8 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .15(The e)108 676.8 R .15 -(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .15(cuted command is the v).15 -F .151(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2(waitpid)2.651 E F0 .151 -(system call or equi)2.651 F -.25(va)-.25 G .151(lent func-).25 F 2.848 -(tion. Exit)108 688.8 R .348(statuses f)2.848 F .347 -(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F -1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .347(alues abo)-.25 -F .647 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 700.8 Q 5.673(.E)-.65 G -.673(xit statuses from shell b)-5.673 F .673 +(passed to that command in its en)108 165.6 Q(vironment.)-.4 E/F5 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT ST)72 182.4 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .151 +(The e)108 194.4 R .151(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .151 +(cuted command is the v).15 F .15(alue returned by the)-.25 F F1 +(waitpid)2.65 E F0 .15(system call or equi)2.65 F -.25(va)-.25 G .15 +(lent func-).25 F 2.847(tion. Exit)108 206.4 R .347(statuses f)2.847 F +.347(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F +1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .348(alues abo)-.25 +F .648 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 218.4 Q 5.674(.E)-.65 G +.674(xit statuses from shell b)-5.674 F .673 (uiltins and compound commands are also limited to this range. Under)-.2 -F(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 712.8 Q +F(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 230.4 Q (alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)108 -729.6 S 3.373(rt).15 G .873(he shell')-3.373 F 3.373(sp)-.55 G .873 -(urposes, a command which e)-3.373 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F .873 -(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .872(An e)5.872 F .872(xit status of) --.15 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(30)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 31 31 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .048(zero indicates success.)108 84 R 2.548(An)5.048 G .049 -(on-zero e)-2.548 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 -(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .049(ommand terminates on a f) --2.549 F .049(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(N)2.5 -E F0(,)A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E -(alue of 128+)-.25 E F1(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E .405 -(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 112.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .404 -(If a command is)5.404 F(found b)108 124.8 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) --.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 141.6 +247.2 S 3.372(rt).15 G .872(he shell')-3.372 F 3.372(sp)-.55 G .873 +(urposes, a command which e)-3.372 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F .873 +(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .873(An e)5.873 F .873(xit status of) +-.15 F .049(zero indicates success.)108 259.2 R 2.549(An)5.049 G .049 +(on-zero e)-2.549 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 +(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .048(ommand terminates on a f) +-2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 271.2 Q F1(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F4(bash) +2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F1(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E +(xit status.)-.15 E .404 +(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 288 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .405 +(If a command is)5.405 F(found b)108 300 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 316.8 Q(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E (xpansion or redirection, the e)-.15 E(xit status is greater than zero.) --.15 E .08(Shell b)108 158.4 R .08 +-.15 E .081(Shell b)108 333.6 R .081 (uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F1(true)A F0 2.581(\)i)C -2.581(fs)-2.581 G .081(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F1(false)A F0 -2.581(\)i)C 2.581(fa)-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G .081(rror occurs while) --2.581 F(the)108 170.4 Q 2.5(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G 2.5(cute. All).15 -F -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins return an e).2 E -(xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.)-.15 E F2(Bash)108 187.2 Q -F0 .202(itself returns the e)2.702 F .202 -(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .201 -(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 199.2 -Q(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F2 -(exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G/F3 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGN)72 216 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 228 Q F2 -(bash)3.182 E F0 .682(is interacti)3.182 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.182(,i).15 G -3.182(nt)-3.182 G .682(he absence of an)-3.182 F 3.183(yt)-.15 G .683 -(raps, it ignores)-3.183 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .683 -(\(so that)2.933 F F2 .683(kill 0)3.183 F F0 .683(does not kill an)3.183 -F(interacti)108 240 Q .758 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .458(hell\), and).15 F F4 -(SIGINT)2.958 E F0 .458(is caught and handled \(so that the)2.708 F F2 -(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu)2.958 G .457(iltin is interruptible\).).2 F .457 -(In all cases,)5.457 F F2(bash)108 252 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGQ)2.5 E -(UIT)-.09 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If job control is in ef)4.5 E -(fect,)-.25 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4 -(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0 -(Non-b)108 268.8 Q 1.064(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F2(bash)3.564 E F0 -(ha)3.564 E 1.365 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.065(ignal handlers set to the v).15 -F 1.065(alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F 3.248(parent. When) -108 280.8 R .748(job control is not in ef)3.248 F .747 -(fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F4(SIGINT)3.247 E F0(and) -2.997 E F4(SIGQ)3.247 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .747(in addi-)2.997 F .652 -(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 292.8 R .653 -(Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.652 F --.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 304.8 Q F4 -(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F4 -(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108 321.6 R 2.046 -(xits by def)-.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F4(SIGHUP)4.545 E -F5(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.345 --.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.045(hell resends the).15 F F4(SIGHUP)108 333.6 Q F0 -1.004(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.254 F 1.004 -(Stopped jobs are sent)6.004 F F4(SIGCONT)3.505 E F0 1.005 -(to ensure that the)3.255 F 3.505(yr)-.15 G(ecei)-3.505 E 1.305 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F4(SIGHUP)108 345.6 Q F5(.)A F0 2.53 -.8(To p)5.43 -H(re).8 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .93(nt the shell from sending the signal to a \ -particular job, it should be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.429(df).15 G -.929(rom the)-3.429 F 1.356(jobs table with the)108 357.6 R F2(diso) -3.856 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu)3.856 G 1.356(iltin \(see).2 F F4 1.356 -(SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.607 E -1.357(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.357(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F4 -(SIGHUP)108 369.6 Q F0(using)2.25 E F2(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A -.166(If the)108 386.4 R F2(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166 -(shell option has been set with)2.666 F F2(shopt)2.666 E F0(,)A F2(bash) -2.666 E F0 .166(sends a)2.666 F F4(SIGHUP)2.666 E F0 .166 +2.581(fs)-2.581 G .08(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F1(false)A F0 +2.58(\)i)C 2.58(fa)-2.58 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G .08(rror occurs while)-2.58 F +(the)108 345.6 Q 2.5(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G 2.5(cute. All).15 F -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltins return an e).2 E +(xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.)-.15 E F4(Bash)108 362.4 Q +F0 .201(itself returns the e)2.701 F .202 +(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .202 +(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 374.4 +Q(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F4 +(exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F5 +(SIGN)72 391.2 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 403.2 Q F4(bash)3.183 E F0 .683 +(is interacti)3.183 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.183(,i).15 G 3.183(nt)-3.183 G +.683(he absence of an)-3.183 F 3.183(yt)-.15 G .683(raps, it ignores) +-3.183 F F2(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .682(\(so that)2.933 F F4 .682(kill 0) +3.182 F F0 .682(does not kill an)3.182 F(interacti)108 415.2 Q .757 -.15 +(ve s)-.25 H .457(hell\), and).15 F F2(SIGINT)2.957 E F0 .458 +(is caught and handled \(so that the)2.707 F F4(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu) +2.958 G .458(iltin is interruptible\).).2 F .458(In all cases,)5.458 F +F4(bash)108 427.2 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F2(SIGQ)2.5 E(UIT)-.09 E F3(.)A F0 +(If job control is in ef)4.5 E(fect,)-.25 E F4(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5 +E F2(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F3(,)A F2(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F3(,)A F0(and)2.25 +E F2(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F3(.)A F0(Non-b)108 444 Q 1.065 +(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F4(bash)3.565 E F0(ha)3.565 E 1.365 -.15 +(ve s)-.2 H 1.065(ignal handlers set to the v).15 F 1.064 +(alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F 3.247(parent. When)108 456 +R .747(job control is not in ef)3.247 F .747 +(fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F2(SIGINT)3.248 E F0(and) +2.998 E F2(SIGQ)3.248 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .748(in addi-)2.998 F .653 +(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 468 R .653 +(Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.653 F +-.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 480 Q F2 +(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F3(,)A F2(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F3(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F2 +(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F3(.)A F0 2.045(The shell e)108 496.8 R 2.045 +(xits by def)-.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F2(SIGHUP)4.545 E +F3(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.346 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.046(hell resends the).15 F F2(SIGHUP)108 508.8 Q F0 +1.005(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.255 F 1.004 +(Stopped jobs are sent)6.005 F F2(SIGCONT)3.504 E F0 1.004 +(to ensure that the)3.254 F 3.504(yr)-.15 G(ecei)-3.504 E 1.304 -.15 +(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F2(SIGHUP)108 520.8 Q F3(.)A F0 2.529 -.8(To p) +5.429 H(re).8 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .93(nt the shell from sending the signal\ + to a particular job, it should be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.43(df).15 +G .93(rom the)-3.43 F 1.357(jobs table with the)108 532.8 R F4(diso) +3.857 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu)3.857 G 1.357(iltin \(see).2 F F2 1.356 +(SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.606 E +1.356(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.356(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2 +(SIGHUP)108 544.8 Q F0(using)2.25 E F4(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A +.166(If the)108 561.6 R F4(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166 +(shell option has been set with)2.666 F F4(shopt)2.666 E F0(,)A F4(bash) +2.666 E F0 .166(sends a)2.666 F F2(SIGHUP)2.666 E F0 .166 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.416 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(login shell e)108 -398.4 Q(xits.)-.15 E(If)108 415.2 Q F2(bash)3.046 E F0 .546(is w)3.046 F +573.6 Q(xits.)-.15 E(If)108 590.4 Q F4(bash)3.047 E F0 .547(is w)3.047 F .546(aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.046(sas).15 G .546(ignal for which a trap has been set, the trap) --3.046 F .663(will not be e)108 427.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .663 -(cuted until the command completes.).15 F(When)5.663 E F2(bash)3.163 E -F0 .662(is w)3.163 F .662(aiting for an asynchronous command)-.1 F .99 -(via the)108 439.2 R F2(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the rec\ -eption of a signal for which a trap has been set will cause the).2 F F2 +-3.046 F .662(will not be e)108 602.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .662 +(cuted until the command completes.).15 F(When)5.663 E F4(bash)3.163 E +F0 .663(is w)3.163 F .663(aiting for an asynchronous command)-.1 F .99 +(via the)108 614.4 R F4(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the rec\ +eption of a signal for which a trap has been set will cause the).2 F F4 (wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin to).2 F -(return immediately with an e)108 451.2 Q +(return immediately with an e)108 626.4 Q (xit status greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is e)-.15 -E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F3(JOB CONTR)72 468 Q(OL)-.329 E F1 -.25 -(Jo)108 480 S 4.568(bc).25 G(ontr)-4.568 E(ol)-.45 E F0 2.068 -(refers to the ability to selecti)5.078 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.067 -(ly stop \().15 F F1(suspend)A F0 4.567(\)t)C 2.067(he e)-4.567 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 2.067(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 492 Q F1 --.37(re)C(sume).37 E F0 3.201(\)t)C .701(heir e)-3.201 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.702(cution at a later point.).15 F 3.202(Au)5.702 G .702 +E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F5(JOB CONTR)72 643.2 Q(OL)-.329 E F1 -.25 +(Jo)108 655.2 S 4.567(bc).25 G(ontr)-4.567 E(ol)-.45 E F0 2.067 +(refers to the ability to selecti)5.077 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.067 +(ly stop \().15 F F1(suspend)A F0 4.567(\)t)C 2.068(he e)-4.567 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 2.068(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 667.2 Q +F1 -.37(re)C(sume).37 E F0 3.202(\)t)C .702(heir e)-3.202 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G .702(cution at a later point.).15 F 3.202(Au)5.702 G .702 (ser typically emplo)-3.202 F .702(ys this f)-.1 F .702 -(acility via an interacti)-.1 F 1.002 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nterf).15 E(ace) --.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 504 Q(ernel')-.1 E -2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal dri)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ra).15 G(nd)-2.5 E -F2(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .785(The shell associates a)108 520.8 R F1(job) -5.025 E F0 .785(with each pipeline.)3.515 F .784(It k)5.785 F .784 -(eeps a table of currently e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .784 -(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .34(listed with the)108 532.8 R F2 -(jobs)2.84 E F0 2.84(command. When)2.84 F F2(bash)2.84 E F0 .341 -(starts a job asynchronously \(in the)2.84 F F1(bac)2.841 E(kgr)-.2 E -(ound)-.45 E F0 .341(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 544.8 -Q(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 561.6 Q .241(indicating that this job is job n\ -umber 1 and that the process ID of the last process in the pipeline ass\ -ociated)108 578.4 R .732(with this job is 25647.)108 590.4 R .733 -(All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job) -5.732 F(.)-.4 E F2(Bash)5.733 E F0(uses)3.233 E(the)108 602.4 Q F1(job) -4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.063 -.8 -(To f)108 619.2 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf) -.7 F 1.462(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F -.87(notion of a)108 631.2 R F1(curr)3.37 E .87(ent terminal pr)-.37 F -.871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .871 -(embers of this process group \(processes whose process)-5.871 F .023 -(group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID\) recei)108 -643.2 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 -(board-generated signals such as).15 F F4(SIG-)2.522 E(INT)108 655.2 Q -F5(.)A F0 1.346(These processes are said to be in the)5.846 F F1(for) -3.847 E -.4(eg)-.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F1(Bac)6.927 E -(kgr)-.2 E(ound)-.45 E F0 1.347(processes are those whose process)4.617 -F .146(group ID dif)108 667.2 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 -(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .145 -(board-generated signals.).15 F .145(Only fore-)5.145 F .16 -(ground processes are allo)108 679.2 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F -2.66(,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F6 -10/Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter) --2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 691.2 R .551 -(processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.052 F F6 .551 -(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .551(is in ef)3.051 F .551(fect\) the)-.25 F -.717(terminal are sent a)108 703.2 R F4 .717(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.217 F -(OU\))-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.967 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.218(st)-.55 -G .718(erminal dri)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.518 -.4(r, w).15 H .718 -(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 715.2 Q -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(31)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +(acility via an interacti)-.1 F 1.001 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nterf).15 E(ace) +-.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 679.2 Q(ernel')-.1 +E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal dri)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ra).15 G(nd)-2.5 E +F4(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .784(The shell associates a)108 696 R F1(job)5.024 +E F0 .784(with each pipeline.)3.514 F .784(It k)5.784 F .785 +(eeps a table of currently e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .785 +(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .341(listed with the)108 708 R F4(jobs) +2.841 E F0 2.841(command. When)2.841 F F4(bash)2.841 E F0 .341 +(starts a job asynchronously \(in the)2.841 F F1(bac)2.84 E(kgr)-.2 E +(ound)-.45 E F0 .34(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 720 Q +(e:)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(31)192.055 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 32 32 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E 1.088(If the operating system on which)108 84 R/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088(is running supports job control,) -3.588 F F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.087(contains f)3.587 F 1.087 -(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 96 S .301(ping the).8 F/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(suspend)3.141 E F0 .301(character \(typically)3.571 F -F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 +-.35 E([1] 25647)144 84 Q .241(indicating that this job is job number 1\ + and that the process ID of the last process in the pipeline associated) +108 100.8 R .733(with this job is 25647.)108 112.8 R .732 +(All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job) +5.733 F(.)-.4 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Bash)5.732 E F0(uses)3.232 E(the) +108 124.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(job)4.24 E F0 +(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.062 -.8(To f)108 +141.6 T 1.462(acilitate the implementation of the user interf).7 F 1.463 +(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F .871 +(notion of a)108 153.6 R F2(curr)3.371 E .871(ent terminal pr)-.37 F +.871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .87 +(embers of this process group \(processes whose process)-5.871 F .023 +(group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID\) recei)108 +165.6 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 +(board-generated signals such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG-)2.523 E +(INT)108 177.6 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.347 +(These processes are said to be in the)5.847 F F2(for)3.846 E -.4(eg) +-.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F2(Bac)6.926 E(kgr)-.2 E(ound) +-.45 E F0 1.346(processes are those whose process)4.616 F .145 +(group ID dif)108 189.6 R .145(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 +(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .146 +(board-generated signals.).15 F .146(Only fore-)5.146 F .16 +(ground processes are allo)108 201.6 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F +2.66(,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F5 +10/Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter) +-2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.051(minal. Background)108 213.6 R .551 +(processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.051 F F5 .551 +(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .552(is in ef)3.052 F .552(fect\) the)-.25 F +.718(terminal are sent a)108 225.6 R F3 .718(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.218 F +(OU\))-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.968 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.217(st)-.55 +G .717(erminal dri)-3.217 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.517 -.4(r, w).15 H .717 +(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 237.6 Q 1.087 +(If the operating system on which)108 254.4 R F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.088 +(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 +(contains f)3.588 F 1.088(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 266.4 S +.302(ping the).8 F F2(suspend)3.142 E F0 .302(character \(typically) +3.572 F F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 (ontrol-Z\) while a process is running causes that process to be)-2.801 -F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 108 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 +F 2.142(stopped and returns control to)108 278.4 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 7.142(.T)C 2.142(yping the)-7.942 F F2 2.142(delayed suspend)4.992 F F0 -2.142(character \(typically)5.412 F F1(^Y)4.642 E F0 4.642(,C)C -(ontrol-Y\))-4.642 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ -mpts to read input from the terminal, and control to be returned)108 120 -R(to)108 132 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 +2.143(character \(typically)5.413 F F1(^Y)4.643 E F0 4.643(,C)C +(ontrol-Y\))-4.643 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ +mpts to read input from the terminal, and control to be returned)108 +290.4 R(to)108 302.4 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 (he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F -F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .894 -(background, the)108 144 R F1(fg)3.394 E F0 .895 -(command to continue it in the fore)3.394 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F -F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .895(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.895 E F1(^Z) -3.395 E F0(tak)3.395 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 156 Q .949(fect immediately)-.25 -F 3.449(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.449 F .948 +F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .895 +(background, the)108 314.4 R F1(fg)3.395 E F0 .895 +(command to continue it in the fore)3.395 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F +F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .894(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.894 E F1(^Z) +3.394 E F0(tak)3.394 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 326.4 Q .948(fect immediately) +-.25 F 3.448(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.448 F .948 (fect of causing pending output and typeahead to be dis-)-.25 F(carded.) -108 168 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 184.8 R .777 +108 338.4 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 355.2 R .777 (ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F1 -(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 196.8 -Q F2(jobspec)A F0 3.458(\). Job)B(number)3.458 E F2(n)3.818 E F0 .957 +(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 367.2 +Q F2(jobspec)A F0 3.457(\). Job)B(number)3.457 E F2(n)3.817 E F0 .957 (may be referred to as)3.697 F F1(%n)3.457 E F0 5.957(.A)C .957 (job may also be referred to using a pre\214x of the)-2.5 F .59(name us\ ed to start it, or using a substring that appears in its command line.) -108 208.8 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F1(%ce)3.09 E -F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 220.8 Q F1(ce)3.464 E F0(job)3.464 -E 5.964(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.964 G .963 +108 379.2 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F1(%ce)3.09 E +F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 391.2 Q F1(ce)3.463 E F0(job)3.463 +E 5.963(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.963 G .963 (re\214x matches more than one job,)-3.463 F F1(bash)3.463 E F0 .963 (reports an error)3.463 F 5.963(.U)-.55 G(sing)-5.963 E F1(%?ce)3.463 E -F0 3.463(,o)C 3.463(nt)-3.463 G .963(he other)-3.463 F .086 -(hand, refers to an)108 232.8 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 +F0 3.464(,o)C 3.464(nt)-3.464 G .964(he other)-3.464 F .087 +(hand, refers to an)108 403.2 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 (ob containing the string)-2.587 F F1(ce)2.587 E F0 .087 (in its command line.)2.587 F .087 -(If the substring matches more than one)5.087 F(job,)108 244.8 Q F1 +(If the substring matches more than one)5.087 F(job,)108 415.2 Q F1 (bash)2.518 E F0 .018(reports an error)2.518 F 5.018(.T)-.55 G .018 (he symbols)-5.018 F F1(%%)2.518 E F0(and)2.518 E F1(%+)2.518 E F0 .018 (refer to the shell')2.518 F 2.518(sn)-.55 G .018(otion of the)-2.518 F F2(curr)2.518 E .018(ent job)-.37 F F0 2.518(,w).23 G .018(hich is) --2.518 F .494(the last job stopped while it w)108 256.8 R .495 +-2.518 F .495(the last job stopped while it w)108 427.2 R .495 (as in the fore)-.1 F .495(ground or started in the background.)-.15 F -(The)5.495 E F2(pr)4.245 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .495(ious job).15 F F0 .495 -(may be)3.225 F .788(referenced using)108 268.8 R F1<25ad>3.288 E F0 -5.788(.I)C 3.288(ft)-5.788 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.288 F F1 -(%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 .787 -(can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.787(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.787 E -.256(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 280.8 R F1 +(The)5.494 E F2(pr)4.244 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .494(ious job).15 F F0 .494 +(may be)3.224 F .787(referenced using)108 439.2 R F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 +5.787(.I)C 3.287(ft)-5.787 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.287 F F1 +(%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 .788 +(can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.788(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.788 E +.257(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 451.2 R F1 (jobs)2.756 E F0 .256(command\), the current job is al)2.756 F -.1(wa) --.1 G .257(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.757 E F0(,)A .411 -(and the pre)108 292.8 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F1<ad>2.911 E F0 -5.411(.A)C .411(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .41 +-.1 G .256(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.756 E F0(,)A .41(and the pre) +108 463.2 R .41(vious job with a)-.25 F F1<ad>2.91 E F0 5.41(.A)C .411 +(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .411 (ying job speci\214cation\) also refers to the cur)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(rent job)108 304.8 Q(.)-.4 E .443 -(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 321.6 R -(ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.944 E F0 .444(is a synon)2.944 F .444(ym for) --.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.944 G .444(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.944(,b)C -(ringing)-2.944 E 1.473(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 -333.6 R 3.973(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.972 G 1.472 -(%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.472(resumes job 1 in the background,)3.972 F -(equi)108 345.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1') -.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .13(The shell learns immediately whene)108 362.4 R --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.63(raj).15 G .13(ob changes state.)-2.63 F(Normally) -5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.631 G .131 -(its until it is about to print a).1 F .158 -(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 374.4 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G -.158(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.658 F 2.657(yo)-.15 G .157 -(ther output.)-2.657 F .157(If the)5.157 F F1<ad62>2.657 E F0 .157 -(option to)2.657 F(the)108 386.4 Q F1(set)3.951 E F0 -.2(bu)3.951 G -1.451(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)3.951 E F0 1.452 -(reports such changes immediately)3.951 F 6.452(.A)-.65 G 1.752 -.15 -(ny t)-6.452 H 1.452(rap on).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGCHLD)3.952 E -F0(is)3.702 E -.15(exe)108 398.4 S(cuted for each child that e).15 E -(xits.)-.15 E .033(If an attempt to e)108 415.2 R(xit)-.15 E F1(bash) -2.533 E F0 .033(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.533 F 2.532(,i)-.4 -G 2.532(ft)-2.532 G(he)-2.532 E F1(checkjobs)2.532 E F0 .032 -(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 427.2 R F1 -(shopt)4.519 E F0 -.2(bu)4.519 G 2.019 -(iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F 2.02 -(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.52 E F0 2.02 -(option is)4.52 F .459(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 -439.2 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458 -(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .458(If a) -5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 451.2 R .604 +(rent job)108 475.2 Q(.)-.4 E .444 +(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 492 R +(ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.943 E F0 .443(is a synon)2.943 F .443(ym for) +-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.943 G .443(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.943(,b)C +(ringing)-2.943 E 1.472(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 504 +R 3.972(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.973 G 1.473 +(%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.473(resumes job 1 in the background,)3.973 F +(equi)108 516 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1').63 +E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .131(The shell learns immediately whene)108 532.8 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.631(raj).15 G .131(ob changes state.)-2.631 F(Normally) +5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.63 G .13 +(its until it is about to print a).1 F .157 +(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 544.8 R 2.657(ss)-.55 G +.157(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.657 F 2.658(yo)-.15 G .158 +(ther output.)-2.658 F .158(If the)5.158 F F1<ad62>2.658 E F0 .158 +(option to)2.658 F(the)108 556.8 Q F1(set)3.952 E F0 -.2(bu)3.952 G +1.452(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)3.952 E F0 1.451 +(reports such changes immediately)3.952 F 6.451(.A)-.65 G 1.751 -.15 +(ny t)-6.451 H 1.451(rap on).15 F F3(SIGCHLD)3.951 E F0(is)3.701 E -.15 +(exe)108 568.8 S(cuted for each child that e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E .032 +(If an attempt to e)108 585.6 R(xit)-.15 E F1(bash)2.532 E F0 .032 +(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.532 F 2.533(,i)-.4 G 2.533(ft) +-2.533 G(he)-2.533 E F1(checkjobs)2.533 E F0 .033 +(shell option has been enabled)2.533 F 2.02(using the)108 597.6 R F1 +(shopt)4.52 E F0 -.2(bu)4.52 G 2.02 +(iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F 2.019 +(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.519 E F0 2.019 +(option is)4.519 F .458(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 +609.6 R(The)5.458 E F1(jobs)2.958 E F0 .459 +(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .459(If a) +5.459 F .604(second attempt to e)108 621.6 R .604 (xit is made without an interv)-.15 F .604 (ening command, the shell does not print another w)-.15 F(arning,)-.1 E -(and an)108 463.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E/F4 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 480 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108 492 -R -.15(xe)-.15 G .645(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(,) --.65 E F1(bash)3.145 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F F3 -(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.825 -(and the secondary prompt)108 504 R F3(PS2)4.325 E F0 1.825 -(when it needs more input to complete a command.)4.075 F F1(Bash)6.826 E -F0(allo)4.326 E 1.826(ws these)-.25 F 1.499(prompt strings to be custom\ +(and an)108 633.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E/F6 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 650.4 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .644(When e)108 +662.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .644(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 +E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.144 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F +F3(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.826 +(and the secondary prompt)108 674.4 R F3(PS2)4.326 E F0 1.825 +(when it needs more input to complete a command.)4.076 F F1(Bash)6.825 E +F0(allo)4.325 E 1.825(ws these)-.25 F 1.499(prompt strings to be custom\ ized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped special characters that\ - are)108 516 R(decoded as follo)108 528 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 540 Q F0 -(an ASCII bell character \(07\))28.22 E F1(\\d)144 552 Q F0 -(the date in "W)27.66 E(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E -(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 564 Q F2(format)A F1(})A F0(the)180 576 -Q F2(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to)3.926 F F2(strftime)3.926 E F0 -1.427(\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B -(empty)180 588 Q F2(format)2.5 E F0 -(results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E -(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 600 Q F0 -(an ASCII escape character \(033\))28.78 E F1(\\h)144 612 Q F0 -(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 624 Q F0 -(the hostname)25.44 E F1(\\j)144 636 Q F0 -(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)29.89 E F1(\\l)144 -648 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de) --2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 660 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1 -(\\r)144 672 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\s)144 684 Q F0 -(the name of the shell, the basename of)29.33 E F1($0)2.5 E F0 -(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1(\\t)144 -696 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F1(\\T)144 -708 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(32)198.165 E 0 Cg EP + are)108 686.4 R(decoded as follo)108 698.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 +710.4 Q F0(an ASCII bell character \(07\))28.22 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(32)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 33 33 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\@)144 84 Q F0 -(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E F1(\\A)144 96 Q F0 -(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F1(\\u)144 108 Q F0 -(the username of the current user)27.66 E F1(\\v)144 120 Q F0(the v) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\d)144 84 Q F0(the date in "W)27.66 E +(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{) +144 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)A F1(})A F0(the)180 108 Q F2 +(format)3.927 E F0 1.427(is passed to)3.927 F F2(strftime)3.927 E F0 +1.427(\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B +(empty)180 120 Q F2(format)2.5 E F0 +(results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E +(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 132 Q F0 +(an ASCII escape character \(033\))28.78 E F1(\\h)144 144 Q F0 +(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 156 Q F0 +(the hostname)25.44 E F1(\\j)144 168 Q F0 +(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)29.89 E F1(\\l)144 +180 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de) +-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 192 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1 +(\\r)144 204 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\s)144 216 Q F0 +(the name of the shell, the basename of)29.33 E F1($0)2.5 E F0 +(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1(\\t)144 +228 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F1(\\T)144 +240 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E F1(\\@)144 +252 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E F1(\\A)144 264 +Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F1(\\u)144 276 Q F0 +(the username of the current user)27.66 E F1(\\v)144 288 Q F0(the v) 28.22 E(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V) -144 132 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C +144 300 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C (ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\)) --2.5 E F1(\\w)144 144 Q F0 4.288(the current w)26 F 4.288 +-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 312 Q F0 4.287(the current w)26 F 4.287 (orking directory)-.1 F 6.787(,w)-.65 G(ith)-6.787 E F1($HOME)6.787 E F0 -(abbre)6.787 E 4.287(viated with a tilde \(uses the)-.25 F F1($PR)180 -156 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W) -144 168 Q F0(the basename of the current w)23.22 E(orking directory)-.1 +(abbre)6.787 E 4.288(viated with a tilde \(uses the)-.25 F F1($PR)180 +324 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W) +144 336 Q F0(the basename of the current w)23.22 E(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F1($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.5 E -(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 180 Q F0 -(the history number of this command)29.89 E F1(\\#)144 192 Q F0 -(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$)144 204 Q F0 +(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 348 Q F0 +(the history number of this command)29.89 E F1(\\#)144 360 Q F0 +(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$)144 372 Q F0 (if the ef)28.22 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a).15 E F1 -(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 216 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0 -(the character corresponding to the octal number)18.22 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F1 -(\\\\)144 228 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 240 Q F0 +(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 384 Q F2(nnn)A +F0(the character corresponding to the octal number)18.22 E F2(nnn)2.5 E +F1(\\\\)144 396 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 408 Q F0 (be)29.89 E 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which coul\ d be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F(control sequence into the prompt) -180 252 Q F1(\\])144 264 Q F0(end a sequence of non-printing characters) -29.89 E .12(The command number and the history number are usually dif) -108 280.8 R .119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F +180 420 Q F1(\\])144 432 Q F0(end a sequence of non-printing characters) +29.89 E .119(The command number and the history number are usually dif) +108 448.8 R .12(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(position in the history list, which may include commands restored\ - from the history \214le \(see)108 292.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST) -4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)108 304.8 Q .541(w\), while the co\ + from the history \214le \(see)108 460.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST) +4.084 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)108 472.8 Q .541(w\), while the co\ mmand number is the position in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .54(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546 -(rent shell session.)108 316.8 R .546 +(xe)-.15 G .541(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546 +(rent shell session.)108 484.8 R .546 (After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546 (xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F -.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 328.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F +.351(tion, arithmetic e)108 496.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351(shell option \(see the)2.852 -F(description of the)108 340.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E +(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .352(shell option \(see the)2.852 +F(description of the)108 508.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).) --.25 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 357.6 Q F0 .15 +-.25 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 525.6 Q F0 .151 (This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti) -108 369.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1 -(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 381.6 R --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209(hell in)-3.709 F --.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 -(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F1<ad65>3.708 E F0 1.208 -(option to the)3.708 F F1 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G -3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 393.6 Q .949 +108 537.6 R .45 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .15(hell, unless the).15 F F1 +(\255\255noediting)2.65 E F0(option)2.65 E 1.208(is gi)108 549.6 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.708(na).15 G 3.708(ts)-3.708 G 1.208(hell in)-3.708 F -.2 +(vo)-.4 G 3.708(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 +(editing is also used when using the)3.708 F F1<ad65>3.709 E F0 1.209 +(option to the)3.709 F F1 -.18(re)3.709 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.709 G +3.709(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 561.6 Q .95 (ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of emacs.)-.1 F -3.45(Av)5.95 G .95(i-style line editing interf)-3.45 F .95(ace is also) --.1 F -.2(av)108 405.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 +3.449(Av)5.949 G .949(i-style line editing interf)-3.449 F .949 +(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 573.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 (editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the) -3.35 F F1 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0 .85(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E -(\(see)108 417.6 Q F3 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS) --.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) +(\(see)108 585.6 Q F3 .763(SHELL B)3.263 F(UIL)-.09 E .763(TIN COMMANDS) +-.828 F F0(belo)3.013 E 3.263(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) -3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763 -(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E -(emacs)108 429.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1 -(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 446.4 Q -F0 .568(In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote k) -108 458.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 3.067(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) -3.067 G .567(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A -1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 470.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,) --.65 E F2(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255) --.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653(oM)-3.653 G 1.153 -(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 482.4 S .831 -(yboards without a)-.05 F F2(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)3.591 G 2.131 -.65 -(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F2(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F F2(x)3.331 E F0 -3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .83 -(hen the).15 F F2(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65(y. T)-.05 H .83 -(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 494.4 R F2 .599(meta pr)3.099 F -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F2 -(x)A F0 .599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F2(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099 -(rp)-3.099 G .6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6 -(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 506.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H +(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.262 E +(emacs)108 597.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1 +(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 614.4 Q +F0 .567(In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote k) +108 626.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 3.068(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) +3.068 G .568(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A +1.153(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 638.4 R(Similarly)6.153 E(,) +-.65 E F2(meta)4.033 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255) +-.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.652(,s)C 3.652(oM)-3.652 G 1.152 +(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.652 F(\(On)6.152 E -.1(ke)108 650.4 S .83 +(yboards without a)-.05 F F2(meta)3.71 E F0 -.1(ke)3.59 G 2.13 -.65 +(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F2(x)A F0 .83(means ESC)3.33 F F2(x)3.33 E F0 3.33 +(,i)C .831(.e., press the Escape k)-3.33 F 1.131 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .831 +(hen the).15 F F2(x)4.101 E F0 -.1(ke)3.861 G 4.631 -.65(y. T)-.05 H +.831(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .6(ESC the)108 662.4 R F2 .6(meta pr)3.1 F +(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.6(.T)C .6(he combination M\255C\255)-5.6 F F2(x)A F0 +.599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F2(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp) +-3.099 G .599(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .899 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .599 +(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 674.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H (hile pressing the).15 E F2(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)) -.65 E .62(Readline commands may be gi)108 523.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119 +.65 E .619(Readline commands may be gi)108 691.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119 (nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F2(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G -.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E -(ho)108 535.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti) -.4 G 3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 +.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.62 E(ho) +108 703.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.419 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.119(ti).4 G +3.119(st)-3.119 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 (gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne) .15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619 -(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 547.2 R 1.018 +(ument to a command that).18 F 1.018(acts in the forw)108 715.2 R 1.018 (ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C -1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018 -(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 559.2 Q +1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.019 +(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.019 E(mands whose beha)108 727.2 Q (vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo) --.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 576 R F2 -(killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811 -(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812 -(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F2 -(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 588 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F -.029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F2 +-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(33) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 34 34 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E .812(When a command is described as)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811 +(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .811 +(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.311(l\().25 G F1 +(yank-)-3.311 E(ing)108 96 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F +.029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F1 .029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H .029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,) --.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 600 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567 +-.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 108 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567 (Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567 (xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.) -108 612 Q F1(Readline Initialization)87 628.8 Q F0 .091(Readline is cus\ -tomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 640.8 -R F2(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091 -(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 652.8 R .196(en from the v) --.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F F3(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G -2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196 -(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F2(~/.inputr)2.696 -E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .197(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ -es the readline library starts up, the initialization \214le is read, a\ -nd the k)108 664.8 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25 -(va)108 676.8 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe) -6.149 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.15 -(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.15 E .737 -(lines are ignored.)108 688.8 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 -(ginning with a)-.15 F F1(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737 -(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.237 E F0 .736 -(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 700.8 R +108 120 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline Initialization)87 136.8 Q F0 +.091(Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization \ +\214le \(the)108 148.8 R F1(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591 +(\214le\). The)2.591 F .092(name of this \214le)2.591 F .197(is tak)108 +160.8 R .196(en from the v)-.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G 2.696(riable. If).25 +F .196(that v)2.696 F .196(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196 +(ault is)-.1 F F1(~/.inputr)2.696 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .196 +(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which uses the readline library starts up\ +, the initialization \214le is read, and the k)108 172.8 R 1.335 -.15 +(ey b)-.1 H 1.035(indings and).15 F -.25(va)108 184.8 S 1.15 +(riables are set.).25 F 1.15(There are only a fe)6.15 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G +1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.149 +(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.149 E .736 +(lines are ignored.)108 196.8 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 +(ginning with a)-.15 F F2(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737 +(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .737 +(indicate conditional)3.237 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 208.8 R (lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E -(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 717.6 R .986(ault k)-.1 F --.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F2(inputr) +(ariable settings.)-.25 E .987(The def)108 225.6 R .987(ault k)-.1 F +-.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F1(inputr) 3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987 -(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 729.6 Q -(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30) -148.175 E(33)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 34 34 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E -.15(Fo)108 84 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample, placing)-2.65 E -(M\255Control\255u: uni)144 100.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E -(gument)-.18 E(or)108 112.8 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 124.8 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 136.8 Q/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E -2.5(eM)-.1 G(\255C\255u e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cute the readline command).15 E F1(univer)2.5 E(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument) --.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.261(The follo)108 153.6 R 1.261 -(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F F1 -.4(RU)3.761 G -(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F1(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F1(ESC)3.761 E F0(,).72 -E F1(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F1(NEWLINE)3.76 E F0(,).73 E F1(RET)3.76 E -F0(,)1.27 E F1(RETURN)108 165.6 Q F0(,)1.1 E F1(SPC)2.5 E F0(,).72 E F1 -(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G(nd)-2.5 E F1 -.5(TA)2.5 G -(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 -182.4 R .209(ws k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G -2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209(ound to a string that is inserted when the k) --2.709 F .509 -.15(ey i)-.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 194.4 Q F1(macr) -2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline K)87 211.2 Q -(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366(The syntax for controlling k)108 223.2 R -.666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366(indings in the).15 F F1(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 -E F0 .366(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366 -(All that is required is the name of the)5.366 F .382(command or the te) -108 235.2 R .383(xt of a macro and a k)-.15 F .683 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .383 +(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 237.6 Q +(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 254.4 S 2.5(re).15 G +(xample, placing)-2.65 E(M\255Control\255u: uni)144 271.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 +G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(or)108 283.2 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 +295.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 307.2 +Q F1(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G +(\255C\255u e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F1 +(univer)2.5 E(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.26(The follo) +108 324 R 1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F F1 +-.4(RU)3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F1(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F1(ESC) +3.761 E F0(,).72 E F1(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F1(NEWLINE)3.761 E F0(,).73 +E F1(RET)3.761 E F0(,)1.27 E F1(RETURN)108 336 Q F0(,)1.1 E F1(SPC)2.5 E +F0(,).72 E F1(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G(nd)-2.5 E F1 +-.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209 +(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 352.8 R .209(ws k)-.25 +F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G 2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209 +(ound to a string that is inserted when the k)-2.709 F .509 -.15(ey i) +-.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 364.8 Q F1(macr)2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A F2 +(Readline K)87 381.6 Q(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366 +(The syntax for controlling k)108 393.6 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366 +(indings in the).15 F F1(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366 +(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the) +5.366 F .383(command or the te)108 405.6 R .383(xt of a macro and a k) +-.15 F .683 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .383 (equence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-).15 F .853 -(\214ed in one of tw)108 247.2 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853 +(\214ed in one of tw)108 417.6 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853 (ays: as a symbolic k)-3.453 F 1.153 -.15(ey n)-.1 H .853 (ame, possibly with).15 F F1(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or)3.353 E F1(Contr) 3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)3.353 E .853(es, or as a k)-.15 F -.15 -(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 259.2 Q 1.541(When using the form)108 276 R F2 --.1(ke)4.041 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)4.041 +(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 429.6 Q 1.542(When using the form)108 446.4 R F2 +-.1(ke)4.042 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)4.042 E F1(macr)4.042 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 -.1(ke)4.042 G(yname)-.2 E F0 1.542 -(is the name of a k)4.222 F 1.842 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.542(pelled out in) -.15 F 2.5(English. F)108 288 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E -(Control-u: uni)144 312 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E -(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 324 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E -(Control-o: "> output")144 336 Q .699(In the abo)108 352.8 R .998 -.15 +(is the name of a k)4.222 F 1.841 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.541(pelled out in) +.15 F 2.5(English. F)108 458.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E +(Control-u: uni)144 482.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 +E(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 494.4 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E +(Control-o: "> output")144 506.4 Q .698(In the abo)108 523.2 R .998 -.15 (ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F1(C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698 (is bound to the function)3.448 F F2(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)-.1 G (rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F1(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698 -(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 364.8 Q F2 -(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd)-2.758 E F1 -(C\255o)2.598 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.938 F .259 +(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 535.2 Q F2 +(backward\255kill\255w)2.759 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.759(,a)C(nd)-2.759 E F1 +(C\255o)2.599 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.939 F .258 (xpressed on the right hand side \(that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te)108 -376.8 Q(xt)-.15 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0 -(into the line\).)2.5 E .056(In the second form,)108 393.6 R F2("k)2.556 -E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 E F1(macr) -2.556 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.555 E .055 -(fers from)-.25 F F2 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 E .355 -.15 -(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F 1.284 -(denoting an entire k)108 405.6 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence m\ -ay be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F -(Some)6.284 E .386(GNU Emacs style k)108 417.6 R .686 -.15(ey e)-.1 H -.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .385 -(xample, b)-.15 F .385(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F -(are not recognized.)108 429.6 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 453.6 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E -("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 465.6 Q -("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 477.6 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .314 -(In this e)108 494.4 R(xample,)-.15 E F1(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314(is ag) -3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F2(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 +547.2 Q(xt)-.15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0 +(into the line\).)2.5 E .055(In the second form,)108 564 R F2("k)2.555 E +(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.555 E F1(macr) +2.555 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.556 E .056 +(fers from)-.25 F F2 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.556 E .356 -.15 +(ve i)-.15 H 2.556(nt).15 G .056(hat strings)-2.556 F 1.284 +(denoting an entire k)108 576 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence may\ + be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F +(Some)6.284 E .385(GNU Emacs style k)108 588 R .685 -.15(ey e)-.1 H .385 +(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .386 +(xample, b)-.15 F .386(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F +(are not recognized.)108 600 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 624 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E +("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 636 Q +("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 648 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .315 +(In this e)108 664.8 R(xample,)-.15 E F1(C\255u)2.655 E F0 .315(is ag) +3.065 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F2(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 -.315(is bound to the func-)3.545 F(tion)108 506.4 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G +.314(is bound to the func-)3.544 F(tion)108 676.8 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G <ad72>.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le)-.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1 -(ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E F3 +(ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E F4 (Function Key 1)2.5 E F0(.)A -(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 523.2 Q F2 -<5c43ad>144 535.2 Q F0(control pre\214x)20.3 E F2<5c4dad>144 547.2 Q F0 -(meta pre\214x)18.08 E F2(\\e)144 559.2 Q F0(an escape character)28.78 E -F2(\\\\)144 571.2 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F2(\\")144 583.2 Q F0 -(literal ")27.67 E F2<5c08>144 595.2 Q F0(literal \010)30.44 E(In addit\ -ion to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of backslash \ -escapes is a)108 612 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F2(\\a)144 624 Q F0 -(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F2(\\b)144 636 Q F0(backspace)27.66 E F2(\\d)144 -648 Q F0(delete)27.66 E F2(\\f)144 660 Q F0(form feed)29.89 E F2(\\n)144 -672 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F2(\\r)144 684 Q F0(carriage return) -28.78 E F2(\\t)144 696 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F2(\\v)144 708 Q F0 --.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30) -148.175 E(34)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 693.6 Q F2 +<5c43ad>144 705.6 Q F0(control pre\214x)20.3 E F2<5c4dad>144 717.6 Q F0 +(meta pre\214x)18.08 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E +(34)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 35 35 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A -F0(the eight-bit character whose v)18.22 E(alue is the octal v)-.25 E -(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 96 -Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E(alue is the he)-.25 -E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5 -(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142(When entering the te) -108 112.8 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double quotes must be used t\ -o indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089(Unquoted te)108 124.8 R -.089(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F .09(In the macro body) -5.089 F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F --.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108 136.8 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\e)144 84 Q F0(an escape character)28.78 E +F1(\\\\)144 96 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F1(\\")144 108 Q F0(literal ") +27.67 E F1<5c08>144 120 Q F0(literal \010)30.44 E(In addition to the GN\ +U Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of backslash escapes is a) +108 136.8 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F1(\\a)144 148.8 Q F0 +(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 160.8 Q F0(backspace)27.66 E F1(\\d) +144 172.8 Q F0(delete)27.66 E F1(\\f)144 184.8 Q F0(form feed)29.89 E F1 +(\\n)144 196.8 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1(\\r)144 208.8 Q F0 +(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144 220.8 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F1 +(\\v)144 232.8 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\)144 244.8 Q +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)18.22 +E(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0 +(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 256.8 Q F2(HH)A F0 +(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E(alue is the he)-.25 E +(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh) +-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.141(When entering the te)108 +273.6 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double quotes must be used to in\ +dicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .09(Unquoted te)108 285.6 R .09 +(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F .089(In the macro body) +5.089 F 2.589(,t)-.65 G .089(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.589 F +-.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108 297.6 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F (will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E -(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F1(Bash)108 153.6 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43 -(ws the current readline k)-.25 F .73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429 -(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F1(bind)2.929 E F0 --.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045 -(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 165.6 R .345 -.15 -(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F1<ad6f>2.546 E F0 .046 -(option to the)2.546 F F1(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046 -(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 177.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E +(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F1(Bash)108 314.4 Q F0(allo)2.929 E +.429(ws the current readline k)-.25 F .729 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429 +(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F1(bind)2.93 E F0 +-.2(bu)2.93 G .43(iltin command.).2 F .046 +(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 326.4 R .346 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F1<ad6f>2.545 E F0 .045 +(option to the)2.545 F F1(set)2.545 E F0 -.2(bu)2.545 G .045 +(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 338.4 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E (UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 -(Readline V)87 194.4 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 206.4 +(Readline V)87 355.2 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .043(Readline has v)108 367.2 R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F (vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043 -(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 218.4 Q(c)-.37 E -F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 235.2 Q F2 +(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.554 E(tr)108 379.2 Q(c)-.37 E +F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 396 Q F2 (variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79(Except where noted, readline v)108 -252 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F(alues) --.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1(Off)3.29 E F0 .79(\(without re)3.29 -F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .449(nized v) -108 264 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F -.448(ariable v)-.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448 -(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 276 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467 -(\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On) -2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 -F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468 -(he v)-5.468 F .468(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 -288 S(lues are:).25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 304.8 Q F0 .011 -(Controls what happens when readline w)144 316.8 R .011 -(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F1(none)2.51 -E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94 -(rings the bell.)144 328.8 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0 -3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va) --.2 G 3.44(ilable. 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This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 573.6 Q F1 (M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 -(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 424.8 Q -(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 436.8 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 585.6 Q +(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 597.6 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5 (,r)C(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255\ insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1(completion\255pr) -108 448.8 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length\ +108 609.6 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length\ in characters of the common pre\214x of a list of possible completions\ - that is displayed)144 460.8 R 1.274(without modi\214cation.)144 472.8 R -1.274(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274 -(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.275 -(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 484.8 S(lue are replaced with a\ + that is displayed)144 621.6 R 1.275(without modi\214cation.)144 633.6 R +1.275(When set to a v)6.275 F 1.274 +(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.274 +(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 645.6 S(lue are replaced with a\ n ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1 -(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 496.8 Q F0 .53 -(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 508.8 R .529 -(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the) -144 520.8 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F -.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v) --.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 532.8 R -.783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \ -the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 544.8 S .237 +(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 657.6 Q F0 .529 +(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 669.6 R .53 +(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the) +144 681.6 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It) +3.061 F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56 +(ger v)-.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144 +693.6 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or e\ +qual to the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 705.6 S .237 (riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie) -.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G -.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 556.8 Q F1(con)108 -568.8 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 580.8 -R F1(On)3.113 E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912 --.15(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541 -(stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef) -144 592.8 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .542(meta pr)3.042 -F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 604.8 Q F0(\).)A F1(disable\255completion \(Off\)) -108 616.8 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 628.8 R F1(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C -.038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038(ord completion.)-.1 F .038 -(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) -144 640.8 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 652.8 Q F0 .252 -(Controls whether readline be)144 664.8 R .253(gins with a set of k)-.15 -F .553 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .253(indings similar to).15 F F2(emacs)2.753 E F0 -(or)2.753 E F2(vi)2.753 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.253 E F0 -(can be set to either)144 676.8 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(enable\255k)108 688.8 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893 -(When set to)144 700.8 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 -(eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F -(tems need this to enable the arro)144 712.8 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey) --2.6 G(s.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(35)198.165 -E 0 Cg EP +.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 717.6 Q +(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(35)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 36 36 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 84 Q F0 -(If set to)144 96 Q F1(on)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(con)108 84 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G +(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)3.112 E F0 +3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613 +(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .913 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541 +(stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef) +144 108 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +.541(meta pr)3.041 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 120 Q F0(\).)A F1 +(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 132 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 144 R F1 +(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038 +(ord completion.)-.1 F .038 +(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) +144 156 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0 +(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 168 Q F0 .253 +(Controls whether readline be)144 180 R .253(gins with a set of k)-.15 F +.553 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .253(indings similar to).15 F F2(emacs)2.752 E F0 +(or)2.752 E F2(vi)2.752 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.252 E F0 +(can be set to either)144 192 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(enable\255k)108 204 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892(When set to) +144 216 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 +(eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G +.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F +(tems need this to enable the arro)144 228 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 +G(s.).15 E F1(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 240 Q F0(If set to)144 252 Q +F1(on)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E 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E(line.)144 372 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 384 +Q F0 .228(If set to)144 396 R F1(On)2.728 E F0 2.728(,r)C .227(eadline \ will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the high bit f\ -rom the char)-2.727 F(-)-.2 E .957(acters it reads\), re)144 252 R -.05 +rom the char)-2.728 F(-)-.2 E .956(acters it reads\), re)144 408 R -.05 (ga)-.15 G .956(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F -.956(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.456 E F0 .956(is a)3.456 F -(synon)144 264 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 276 Q +.957(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.457 E F0 .957(is a)3.457 F +(synon)144 420 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 432 Q (ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .439(\ The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search wi\ -thout subsequently e)144 288 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .935 -(ing the character as a command.)144 300 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935 -(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.434(nav).15 G .934 -(alue, the characters)-3.684 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ESC)3.434 E F0 -(and)144 312 Q F2(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.) -2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)108 324 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02 -(Set the current readline k)144 336 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F -2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021 -(map names is).15 F F2 2.021(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.521 F(d,)-.37 E -.069(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 348 R F0 2.568 -(,a)C(nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 -.068(is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) -2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 360 R -.25(va)-.25 -G 1.543(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C +thout subsequently e)144 444 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .934 +(ing the character as a command.)144 456 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935 +(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935 +(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 468 Q F2 +(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke) +108 480 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144 +492 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 +(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.02 +(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E .068 +(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 504 R F0 2.568(,a)C +(nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 .068 +(is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) +2.569 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.569 E F0 1.544(is equi)144 516 R -.25(va)-.25 +G 1.544(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C 1.544(he def)-6.544 F 1.544(ault v)-.1 F 1.544(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs) 4.044 E F0 4.044(;t).27 G 1.544(he v)-4.044 F 1.544(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(af)144 372 Q(fects the def)-.25 -E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 384 Q -(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 396 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C +(editing\255mode)4.043 E F0(also)4.043 E(af)144 528 Q(fects the def)-.25 +E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 540 Q +(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 552 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C (ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.) -.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 408 Q F0(If set to)144 -420 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) +.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 564 Q F0(If set to)144 +576 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) -.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F1 -(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 432 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E -(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 444 R F1(On)2.675 E F0 +(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 588 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E +(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 600 R F1(On)2.675 E F0 2.675(,c)C .175 (ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475 --.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 456 +-.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 612 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F1 -(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 468 Q F0 .192(This v)144 480 R -.192(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.692 E F0 2.692(,c)C .192 -(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.692 F .193 -(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.693('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.693 E 1.024 +(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 624 Q F0 .193(This v)144 636 R +.193(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.693 E F0 2.693(,c)C .192 +(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.693 F .192 +(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.692('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.692 E 1.023 (\214les\) when performing \214lename completion, unless the leading `.) -144 492 R 3.523('i)-.7 G 3.523(ss)-3.523 G 1.023 -(upplied by the user in the)-3.523 F(\214lename to be completed.)144 504 -Q F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 516 Q F0 .506(If set to)144 528 R F1(On) -3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will display characters with the eig\ -hth bit set directly rather than as a meta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 540 Q -(ed escape sequence.)-.15 E F1(page\255completions \(On\))108 552 Q F0 -.809(If set to)144 564 R F1(On)3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808 -(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2(mor)3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A -3.308(ep)-.1 G .808(ager to display a screenful of possible comple-) --3.308 F(tions at a time.)144 576 Q F1 -(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 588 Q F0 1.318 -(If set to)144 600 R F1(On)3.818 E F0 3.818(,r)C 1.319(eadline will dis\ -play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.818 -F(order)144 612 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 -E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 624 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E -F0 .873(If set to)144 636 R F1(on)3.373 E F0 3.373(,r)C .872 -(eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when) --3.373 F F1(accept\255line)3.372 E F0(is)3.372 E -.15(exe)144 648 S -2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186 -(ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186 -(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 660 S(adline) -.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 672 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E -F0 .478(This alters the def)144 684 R .478(ault beha)-.1 F .478 -(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .477(If set to)5.477 F F1(on) -2.977 E F0 2.977(,w)C .477(ords which ha)-3.077 F .777 -.15(ve m)-.2 H -(ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\ -isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 696 R(bell.)144 708 Q -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(36)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +144 648 R 3.523('i)-.7 G 3.523(ss)-3.523 G 1.024 +(upplied by the user in the)-3.523 F(\214lename to be completed.)144 660 +Q F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 672 Q F0 .507(If set to)144 684 R F1(On) +3.007 E F0 3.007(,r)C .507(eadline will display characters with the eig\ +hth bit set directly rather than as a meta-)-3.007 F(pre\214x)144 696 Q +(ed escape sequence.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 +E(36)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 37 37 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(sho)108 84 Q -(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.346 -(This alters the def)144 96 R 5.346(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 -(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.345(ashion similar to) --.1 F F1(sho)144 108 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.922(.I)C -4.422(fs)-6.922 G 1.922(et to)-4.422 F F1(on)4.422 E F0 4.422(,w)C 1.922 -(ords which ha)-4.522 F 2.223 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.923 -(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.04(without an)144 120 R 3.54 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(page\255completions \(On\))108 84 Q F0 .808 +(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808 +(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mor)3.308 E +(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808 +(ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F +(tions at a time.)144 108 Q F1 +(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 120 Q F0 1.319 +(If set to)144 132 R F1(On)3.819 E F0 3.819(,r)C 1.318(eadline will dis\ +play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.819 +F(order)144 144 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 +E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 156 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E +F0 .872(If set to)144 168 R F1(on)3.372 E F0 3.372(,r)C .873 +(eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when) +-3.372 F F1(accept\255line)3.373 E F0(is)3.373 E -.15(exe)144 180 S +2.686(cuted. 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This)180 290.4 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the)3.065 F +(mode. This)180 458.4 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the)3.065 F F1 .565(set k)3.065 F(eymap)-.1 E F0 .565(command, for instance, to) -3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 302.4 R F2(emacs\255standar)3.235 E +3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 470.4 R F2(emacs\255standar)3.235 E (d)-.37 E F0(and)3.235 E F2(emacs\255ctlx)3.235 E F0 -.1(ke)3.235 G .735 -(ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F(out in emacs mode.)180 314.4 -Q F1(term)144 331.2 Q F0(The)15.46 E F1(term=)3.196 E F0 .696 -(form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.196 F .996 -.15 -(ey b)-.1 H .697(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 343.2 R +(ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F(out in emacs mode.)180 482.4 +Q F1(term)144 499.2 Q F0(The)15.46 E F1(term=)3.197 E F0 .696 +(form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.197 F .996 -.15 +(ey b)-.1 H .696(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 511.2 R .954 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .654(equences output by the terminal').15 F 3.154 (sf)-.55 G .654(unction k)-3.154 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.154(s. The).15 F -.1 -(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 355.2 Q F1(=)3.231 -E F0 .731(is tested ag)3.231 F .732(ainst the both full name of the ter\ +(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 523.2 Q F1(=)3.232 +E F0 .732(is tested ag)3.232 F .732(ainst the both full name of the ter\ minal and the portion of the terminal)-.05 F(name before the \214rst)180 -367.2 Q F1<ad>2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0 +535.2 Q F1<ad>2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0 (to match both)2.74 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0(and)2.74 E F2(sun\255cmd)2.5 E F0 -2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1(application)144 384 Q F0(The)180 396 +2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1(application)144 552 Q F0(The)180 564 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503 (construct is used to include application-speci\214c settings.)3.003 F .503(Each program)5.503 F .114(using the readline library sets the)180 -408 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114 -(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .501(particular v) -180 420 R 3.001(alue. This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3.001 F -.801 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .5(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F -.396(ci\214c program.)180 432 R -.15(Fo)5.396 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 +576 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114 +(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .5(particular v)180 +588 R 3(alue. This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3 F .801 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .501(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F .397 +(ci\214c program.)180 600 R -.15(Fo)5.397 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 (nstance, the follo)-2.896 F .396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H .397(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 444 Q -(vious w)-.25 E(ord in Bash:)-.1 E F1($if)180 468 Q F0(Bash)2.5 E 2.5 -(#Q)180 480 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E -("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 492 Q F1($endif)180 504 Q($endif)108 -520.8 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre)9.33 E(vious e)-.25 E +(ey s)-.1 H .396(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 612 Q +(vious w)-.25 E(ord in Bash:)-.1 E F1($if)180 636 Q F0(Bash)2.5 E 2.5 +(#Q)180 648 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E +("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 660 Q F1($endif)180 672 Q($endif)108 +688.8 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre)9.33 E(vious e)-.25 E (xample, terminates an)-.15 E F1($if)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1($else) -108 537.6 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the)15.45 E F1($if)2.5 E F0 +108 705.6 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the)15.45 E F1($if)2.5 E F0 (directi)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(re e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F1($include)108 554.4 Q F0 .357 -(This directi)144 566.4 R .657 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .357 -(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .356 +(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(37)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 38 38 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF($include)108 84 Q F0 .356(This directi)144 +96 R .656 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .356 +(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .357 (gument and reads commands and bindings from that)-.18 F 2.5(\214le. F) -144 578.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 --.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E F2(/etc/inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A F1 -($include)144 602.4 Q F2(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E F1(Sear)87 619.2 Q -(ching)-.18 E F0 .834(Readline pro)108 631.2 R .834 +144 108 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 +-.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/etc/inputr)2.5 +E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A F1($include)144 132 Q F2(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E +F1(Sear)87 148.8 Q(ching)-.18 E F0 .835(Readline pro)108 160.8 R .835 (vides commands for searching through the command history \(see)-.15 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.335 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.085 E -.835(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 643.2 Q +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.334 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.084 E +.834(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 172.8 Q (There are tw)5 E 2.5(os)-.1 G(earch modes:)-2.5 E F2(incr)2.51 E (emental)-.37 E F0(and)3.01 E F2(non-incr)2.5 E(emental)-.37 E F0(.).51 -E .698(Incremental searches be)108 660 R .698 +E .697(Incremental searches be)108 189.6 R .697 (gin before the user has \214nished typing the search string.)-.15 F -.697(As each character of the)5.697 F .112 -(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 672 R .112 +.698(As each character of the)5.698 F .113 +(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 201.6 R .112 (xt entry from the history matching the string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 -E 5.113(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.113 E .542 -(incremental search requires only as man)108 684 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G .542 -(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F 5.541 -(.T)-.65 G .541(he char)-5.541 F(-)-.2 E .224(acters present in the v) -108 696 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F F1(isear)2.724 E(ch-terminators)-.18 E -F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 +E 5.112(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.112 E .542 +(incremental search requires only as man)108 213.6 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G +.542(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F +5.542(.T)-.65 G .542(he char)-5.542 F(-)-.2 E .224 +(acters present in the v)108 225.6 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F F1(isear) +2.724 E(ch-terminators)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 (riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F .66 -(If that v)108 708 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 +(If that v)108 237.6 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 (alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incre-)-.25 -F .096(mental search.)108 720 R .096(Control-G will abort an incrementa\ -l search and restore the original line.)5.096 F .097(When the search is) -5.097 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(37)198.165 E 0 Cg -EP -%%Page: 38 38 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(terminated, the history entry containing the search string becom\ -es the current line.)108 84 Q 2.939 -.8(To \214)108 100.8 T 1.339(nd ot\ -her matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or Control-R a\ -s appropriate.).8 F 1.338(This will)6.338 F .674(search backw)108 112.8 -R .674(ard or forw)-.1 F .674(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F .675 -(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.675 -(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.675 G .175(other k)108 124.8 R .475 -.15(ey s)-.1 +F .097(mental search.)108 249.6 R .096(Control-G will abort an incremen\ +tal search and restore the original line.)5.097 F .096 +(When the search is)5.096 F(terminated, the history entry containing th\ +e search string becomes the current line.)108 261.6 Q 2.938 -.8(To \214) +108 278.4 T 1.339(nd other matching entries in the history list, type C\ +ontrol-S or Control-R as appropriate.).8 F 1.339(This will)6.339 F .675 +(search backw)108 290.4 R .675(ard or forw)-.1 F .675 +(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F .674 +(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.674 +(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.674 G .174(other k)108 302.4 R .474 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .174 (equence bound to a readline command will terminate the search and e).15 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .174(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.174 G(r).15 E -.54(instance, a)108 136.8 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ne)3.04 E(wline)-.15 -E F0 .541(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.04 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .541(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.) -108 148.8 Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.) -108 165.6 R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653 -(ontrol-Rs are typed without an)-3.153 F 3.152(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.152 E -(en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 177.6 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .175(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.175 G(r).15 E +.541(instance, a)108 314.4 R F2(ne)3.041 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541 +(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.041 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .54(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)108 326.4 +Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 343.2 +R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653(ontrol-Rs are typed without an) +-3.153 F 3.153(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.153 E(en-)-.15 E +(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 355.2 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G (earch string, an)-2.5 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(emembered search string is used.) -2.5 E .567(Non-incremental searches read the entire search string befo\ -re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 194.4 R(The searc\ -h string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the cur\ -rent line.)108 206.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline Command Names)87 -223.2 Q F0 1.392(The follo)108 235.2 R 1.391 +re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 372 R(The search \ +string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the curre\ +nt line.)108 384 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 400.8 Q F0 1.391 +(The follo)108 412.8 R 1.391 (wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391 (ault k)-.1 F 1.691 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.391(equences to which the).15 F -3.891(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.891 E 2.621(bound. Command)108 247.2 R .121 -(names without an accompan)2.621 F .121(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 -H .122(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.622(ault. In)-.1 F .122 -(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 259.2 Q F1(point)3.411 -E F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F1(mark) -3.411 E F0 .91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41 -(db).15 G 3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E F2(set\255mark)108 271.2 Q F0 2.5 +3.892(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.892 E 2.622(bound. Command)108 424.8 R .122 +(names without an accompan)2.622 F .122(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 +H .121(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.621(ault. In)-.1 F .121 +(the follo)2.621 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 436.8 Q F2(point)3.41 E +F0 .91(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.41 F F2(mark)3.411 E +F0 .911(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.411(db) +.15 G 3.411(yt)-3.411 G(he)-3.411 E F1(set\255mark)108 448.8 Q F0 2.5 (command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E -(xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F1 -.37(re) -2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F2(Commands f)87 288 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 E -(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 300 Q F0(Mo)144 312 Q .3 -.15 -(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F2 -(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 324 Q F0(Mo)144 336 Q .3 -.15(ve t) --.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E F2 -.25(fo)108 348 S -(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 360 Q .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) -.15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 -372 Q F0(Mo)144 384 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E -F2 -.25(fo)108 396 S(rward\255w).25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 408 -Q .822 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E .522(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F -.523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W)-.1 F .523 -(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F -(ters and digits\).)144 420 Q F2(backward\255w)108 432 Q(ord \(M\255b\)) --.1 E F0(Mo)144 444 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 +(xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F2 -.37(re) +2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F1(Commands f)87 465.6 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 +E(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 477.6 Q F0(Mo)144 489.6 Q .3 +-.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F1 +(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 501.6 Q F0(Mo)144 513.6 Q .3 -.15 +(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E F1 -.25(fo)108 +525.6 S(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 537.6 Q .3 -.15(ve f) +-.15 H(orw).15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 +(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 549.6 Q F0(Mo)144 561.6 Q .3 -.15(ve b) +-.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)108 573.6 S(rward\255w) +.25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 585.6 Q .823 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) +.15 E .523(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W) +-.1 F .522(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F +(ters and digits\).)144 597.6 Q F1(backward\255w)108 609.6 Q +(ord \(M\255b\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 621.6 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 (ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F 1.41(vious w)-.25 F 3.91 (ord. W)-.1 F 1.41(ords are composed of alphanumeric)-.8 F -(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 456 Q F2(shell\255f)108 468 Q -(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 480 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) -.15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984(ord. W) --.1 F .484(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-)-.8 F -(ters.)144 492 Q F2(shell\255backward\255w)108 504 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 -516 Q .909 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609(ack to the start of the current or pre) -.15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109(ord. W)-.1 F .608 -(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F(metacharacters.)144 528 Q -F2(clear\255scr)108 540 Q(een \(C\255l\))-.18 E F0 .993 -(Clear the screen lea)144 552 R .993 +(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 633.6 Q F1(shell\255f)108 645.6 +Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 657.6 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H +(orw).15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984 +(ord. W)-.1 F .484(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-) +-.8 F(ters.)144 669.6 Q F1(shell\255backward\255w)108 681.6 Q(ord)-.1 E +F0(Mo)144 693.6 Q .908 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609 +(ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109 +(ord. W)-.1 F .609(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F +(metacharacters.)144 705.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17) +142.065 E(38)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 39 39 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(clear\255scr)108 84 Q(een \(C\255l\))-.18 E +F0 .993(Clear the screen lea)144 96 R .993 (ving the current line at the top of the screen.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.993 G .993(th an ar).4 F .993(gument, refresh the)-.18 F -(current line without clearing the screen.)144 564 Q F2 -.18(re)108 576 +(current line without clearing the screen.)144 108 Q F1 -.18(re)108 120 S(draw\255curr).18 E(ent\255line)-.18 E F0(Refresh the current line.)144 -588 Q F2(Commands f)87 604.8 Q(or Manipulating the History)-.25 E -(accept\255line \(Newline, Retur)108 616.8 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .159 -(Accept the line re)144 628.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .159 +132 Q F1(Commands f)87 148.8 Q(or Manipulating the History)-.25 E +(accept\255line \(Newline, Retur)108 160.8 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .158 +(Accept the line re)144 172.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .158 (rdless of where the cursor is.).05 F .158(If this line is non-empty) -5.158 F 2.658(,a)-.65 G .158(dd it to the history list)-2.658 F .699 -(according to the state of the)144 640.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +5.158 F 2.659(,a)-.65 G .159(dd it to the history list)-2.659 F .699 +(according to the state of the)144 184.8 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF (HISTCONTR)3.199 E(OL)-.27 E F0 -.25(va)2.949 G 3.199(riable. If).25 F .699(the line is a modi\214ed history line, then)3.199 F -(restore the history line to its original state.)144 652.8 Q F2(pr)108 -664.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 -(Fetch the pre)144 676.8 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 -E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F2(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 688.8 -Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 700.8 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 -E(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(38)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 39 39 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 -84 Q F0(Mo)144 96 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G -(he \214rst line in the history)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E F1 -(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 108 Q F0(Mo)144 120 Q .3 -.15(ve t) --.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the input history)-2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.65 G -(.e., the line currently being entered.)-2.5 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 -132 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.471 -(Search backw)144 144 R 1.471(ard starting at the current line and mo) --.1 F 1.47(ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E -(This is an incremental search.)144 156 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 168 S -(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.131 -(Search forw)144 180 R 1.131(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 -F 1.132(ving `do)-.15 F 1.132(wn' through the history as necessary)-.25 -F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 192 Q F1(non\255incr)108 -204 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H(rse\255sear).15 E -(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .165(Search backw)144 216 R .164(ar\ -d through the history starting at the current line using a non-incremen\ -tal search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 228 S(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E -(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 240 Q(emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear) --.25 E(ch\255history \(M\255n\))-.18 E F0 1.353(Search forw)144 252 R -1.354(ard through the history using a non-incremental search for a stri\ -ng supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 264 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 -276 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E F0 .249(Search forw)144 288 R .249(a\ -rd through the history for the string of characters between the start o\ -f the current line)-.1 F(and the point.)144 300 Q -(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(history\255sear)108 312 Q -(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw)144 324 R .951(ard through t\ -he history for the string of characters between the start of the curren\ -t)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 336 Q(This is a non-incremental search.) -5 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 348 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 -.622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 360 R .622(gument to the pre)-.18 F .622 +(restore the history line to its original state.)144 196.8 Q F1(pr)108 +208.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 +(Fetch the pre)144 220.8 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 +E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F1(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 232.8 +Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 244.8 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 +E(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E F1 +(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 256.8 Q F0(Mo)144 268.8 Q .3 +-.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he \214rst line in the history)-2.5 E(.) +-.65 E F1(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 280.8 Q F0(Mo)144 292.8 Q +.3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the input history)-2.5 E 2.5 +(,i)-.65 G(.e., the line currently being entered.)-2.5 E F1 -2.29 -.18 +(re v)108 304.8 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 +1.47(Search backw)144 316.8 R 1.471 +(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 F 1.471 +(ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E +(This is an incremental search.)144 328.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 340.8 S +(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.132 +(Search forw)144 352.8 R 1.132(ard starting at the current line and mo) +-.1 F 1.131(ving `do)-.15 F 1.131(wn' through the history as necessary) +-.25 F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 364.8 Q F1 +(non\255incr)108 376.8 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H +(rse\255sear).15 E(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .164(Search backw) +144 388.8 R .164(ard through the history starting at the current line u\ +sing a non-incremental search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 400.8 S +(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 412.8 Q +(emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear)-.25 E(ch\255history \(M\255n\))-.18 +E F0 1.354(Search forw)144 424.8 R 1.354(ard through the history using \ +a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 +436.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 448.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward) +-.25 E F0 .248(Search forw)144 460.8 R .249(ard through the history for\ + the string of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F +(and the point.)144 472.8 Q(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1 +(history\255sear)108 484.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .951(Search backw) +144 496.8 R .951(ard through the history for the string of characters b\ +etween the start of the current)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 508.8 Q +(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 520.8 Q +2.5(g\()-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 .622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 +532.8 R .622(gument to the pre)-.18 F .622 (vious command \(usually the second w)-.25 F .622(ord on the pre)-.1 F -.622(vious line\))-.25 F .794(at point.)144 372 R -.4(Wi)5.794 G .794 -(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.294 E F0 3.294 -(,i).24 G .794(nsert the)-3.294 F F2(n)3.294 E F0 .794(th w)B .794 -(ord from the pre)-.1 F .794(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .795 -(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 384 Q .292(vious command be)-.25 F .292 +.622(vious line\))-.25 F .795(at point.)144 544.8 R -.4(Wi)5.795 G .794 +(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.294 E F0 3.294 +(,i).24 G .794(nsert the)-3.294 F F3(n)3.294 E F0 .794(th w)B .794 +(ord from the pre)-.1 F .794(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .794 +(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 556.8 Q .291(vious command be)-.25 F .291 (gin with w)-.15 F .291(ord 0\).)-.1 F 2.791(An)5.291 G -2.25 -.15(eg a) -2.791 H(ti).15 E .591 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .291 -(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .291 -(ord from the end of)-.1 F .281(the pre)144 396 R .281(vious command.) --.25 F .281(Once the ar)5.281 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)2.781 E F0 .281 -(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .282 -(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F2(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 408 Q -(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 420 Q -2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.308 -(Insert the last ar)144 432 R 1.308(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 -(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.307(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.307 -(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 444 S .735(th an ar).4 F .735 -(gument, beha)-.18 F 1.035 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .735(actly lik).15 F(e)-.1 E -F1(yank\255nth\255ar)3.235 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.736(.S)C(uccessi)-5.736 E -1.036 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .736(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)3.236 E -(g)-.1 E F0(mo)3.236 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .728 -(back through the history list, inserting the last ar)144 456 R .728 -(gument of each line in turn.)-.18 F .728(The history e)5.728 F(xpan-) --.15 E .14(sion f)144 468 R .14(acilities are used to e)-.1 F .14 +(ument inserts the).18 F F3(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .292 +(ord from the end of)-.1 F .282(the pre)144 568.8 R .282(vious command.) +-.25 F .282(Once the ar)5.282 F(gument)-.18 E F3(n)2.781 E F0 .281 +(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .281 +(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F3(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 580.8 Q +(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 592.8 Q +2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.307 +(Insert the last ar)144 604.8 R 1.307(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 +(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.308(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.308 +(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 616.8 S .736(th an ar).4 F +.736(gument, beha)-.18 F 1.036 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .736(actly lik).15 F(e) +-.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)3.235 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.735(.S)C(uccessi)-5.735 +E 1.035 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .735(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)3.235 +E(g)-.1 E F0(mo)3.235 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .728 +(back through the history list, inserting the last ar)144 628.8 R .728 +(gument of each line in turn.)-.18 F .729(The history e)5.728 F(xpan-) +-.15 E .14(sion f)144 640.8 R .14(acilities are used to e)-.1 F .14 (xtract the last ar)-.15 F .14(gument, as if the "!$" history e)-.18 F -.14(xpansion had been speci-)-.15 F(\214ed.)144 480 Q F1 -(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 492 Q F0 .623 -(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 504 R .622 -(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .622 -(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 516 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5 -(xpansions. See)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25 -(YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.25 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G +.14(xpansion had been speci-)-.15 F(\214ed.)144 652.8 Q F1 +(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 664.8 Q F0 .622 +(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 676.8 R .622 +(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .623 +(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 688.8 Q(ord e)-.1 E +2.5(xpansions. See)-.15 F F2(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25(YE)-.315 G(XP) +-2.25 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G (or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 528 Q F0 .938 -(Perform history e)144 540 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F -(See)5.939 E F3(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E -(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.439(wf)-.25 G .939(or a descrip-) --3.439 F(tion of history e)144 552 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) -108 564 Q F0 1.627(Perform history e)144 576 R 1.627 -(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.626 E F3 -(HIST)4.126 E(OR)-.162 E 3.876(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.876 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 -(belo)144 588 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)-2.5 E -(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 600 Q F0 .394 -(Perform alias e)144 612 R .394(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F -(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .695 -.15(ve f)-.15 H -.395(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 624 Q F1 -(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 636 Q F0 -(Perform history and alias e)144 648 Q(xpansion on the current line.) --.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 660 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) -.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 672 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) --.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 684 Q F0 .948 -(Accept the current line for e)144 696 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 -(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.247 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H 3.447(ot).15 G .947(he current line from the)-3.447 F -(history for editing.)144 708 Q(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(ument is ignored.).18 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E -(39)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 700.8 Q F0 .939 +(Perform history e)144 712.8 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F +(See)5.939 E F2(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E +(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.438(wf)-.25 G .938(or a descrip-) +-3.438 F(tion of history e)144 724.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 +768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(39)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 40 40 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255xC\255e\))108 84 Q F0(In)144 -96 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.226 -.1(ke a).2 H 3.526(ne).1 G 1.026 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(magic\255space)108 84 Q F0 1.626 +(Perform history e)144 96 R 1.626 +(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.627 E/F2 +9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)4.127 E(OR)-.162 E 3.877(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.877 E +(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)144 108 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G +(or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 +(alias\255expand\255line)108 120 Q F0 .395(Perform alias e)144 132 R +.395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F(See)5.395 E F2(ALIASES)2.895 E +F0(abo)2.645 E .694 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .394(or a description of alias e) +.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 144 Q F1 +(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 156 Q F0 +(Perform history and alias e)144 168 Q(xpansion on the current line.) +-.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 180 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) +.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 192 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) +-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 +(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 204 Q F0 .947 +(Accept the current line for e)144 216 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 +(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.248 -.15 +(ve t)-.25 H 3.448(ot).15 G .948(he current line from the)-3.448 F +(history for editing.)144 228 Q(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(ument is ignored.).18 E F1 +(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255xC\255e\))108 240 Q F0(In)144 +252 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.226 -.1(ke a).2 H 3.526(ne).1 G 1.026 (ditor on the current command line, and e)-3.526 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.026 (cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F1(Bash)6.026 E F0 -(attempts to in)144 108 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -($VISU)2.6 E(AL)-.54 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2($EDIT)2.25 E(OR) --.162 E F3(,)A F0(and)2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0 -(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 -E F1(Commands f)87 124.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E -(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 136.8 Q F0 .358 -(Delete the character at point.)144 148.8 R .358(If point is at the be) -5.358 F .358(ginning of the line, there are no characters in the)-.15 F -(line, and the last character typed w)144 160.8 Q(as not bound to)-.1 E +(attempts to in)144 264 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2($VISU)2.6 E(AL) +-.54 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2($EDIT)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E F3(,)A F0 +(and)2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E +2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 +280.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 +292.8 Q F0 .357(Delete the character at point.)144 304.8 R .358 +(If point is at the be)5.358 F .358 +(ginning of the line, there are no characters in the)-.15 F +(line, and the last character typed w)144 316.8 Q(as not bound to)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(hen return)-2.5 E F2(EOF)2.5 E F3(.) -A F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\))108 172.8 Q F0 .552 -(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 184.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553 +A F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\))108 328.8 Q F0 .553 +(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 340.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553 (hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553(umeric ar)-3.053 F -.553(gument, sa)-.18 F .853 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .553(he deleted te).15 F -.553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 196.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 208.8 S -(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474 -(Delete the character under the cursor)144 220.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474 -(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F -(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 232.8 Q F1 -(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 244.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144 -256.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 +.552(gument, sa)-.18 F .852 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .552(he deleted te).15 F +.552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 352.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 364.8 S +(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .473 +(Delete the character under the cursor)144 376.8 R 2.973(,u)-.4 G .474 +(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.973 F +(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 388.8 Q F1 +(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 400.8 Q F0 .779(Add the ne)144 +412.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 (erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 -G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279 -(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 268.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 -(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 280.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 -(Insert a tab character)144 292.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1 -(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 304.8 Q F0 -(Insert the character typed.)144 316.8 Q F1 -(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 328.8 Q F0 .322 -(Drag the character before point forw)144 340.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321 -(ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 +G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.278 E F0 3.278 +(,f)C(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 424.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 +(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 436.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 +(Insert a tab character)144 448.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1 +(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 460.8 Q F0 +(Insert the character typed.)144 472.8 Q F1 +(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 484.8 Q F0 .321 +(Drag the character before point forw)144 496.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .322 +(ving point forw)-.15 F .322(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 (If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 -352.8 R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 364.8 Q(guments ha)-.18 E +508.8 R 3.682(oc)-.1 G 1.182(haracters before point.)-3.682 F(Ne)6.182 E +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 520.8 Q(guments ha)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1 -(transpose\255w)108 376.8 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 -388.8 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) --.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w) --2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F -(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 400.8 Q 2.5 -(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 412.8 Q -(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 -424.8 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699 -(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 436.8 S(rd, b).1 -E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 448.8 Q -(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 460.8 Q 1.648 -(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148 -(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre) --.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 472.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 --.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 484.8 Q -(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 -496.8 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975 -(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 508.8 S(rd, b) +(transpose\255w)108 532.8 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .023(Drag the w)144 +544.8 R .023(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) +-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.524(rt).15 G .024(hat w) +-2.524 F .024(ord as well.)-.1 F .024(If point)5.024 F +(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 556.8 Q 2.5 +(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 568.8 Q +(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.699(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 +580.8 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.998 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.698 +(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 592.8 S(rd, b).1 +E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 604.8 Q +(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 616.8 Q 1.647 +(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.647(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.147 +(ord. W)-.1 F 1.648(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.948 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.648(ument, lo).18 F 1.648(wercase the pre) +-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 628.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 +-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 640.8 Q +(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.975(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 +652.8 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.974 +(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 664.8 S(rd, b) .1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 -520.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 532.8 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438 -(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437 -(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 -(Wi)144 544.8 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 +676.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 688.8 S .437(ggle o).8 F -.15 +(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.437 G .437(th an e).4 F .437 +(xplicit positi)-.15 F .738 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .438(umeric ar).15 F .438 +(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 +(Wi)144 700.8 S .781(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781 -(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F -(fects)-.25 E(only)144 556.8 Q F1(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi) -4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 +(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .78(This command af)5.781 F +(fects)-.25 E(only)144 712.8 Q F1(emacs)4.394 E F0(mode;)4.394 E F1(vi) +4.394 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.394 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F F4 -.37(re) -4.394 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968 -(mode. In)144 568.8 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468 +4.395 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.895(starts in insert)4.395 F 3.969 +(mode. In)144 724.8 R -.15(ove)3.969 G 1.469 (rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 -1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958 -(pushing the te)144 580.8 R .958(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957 -(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 -.957(replace the character)3.457 F(before point with a space.)144 592.8 -Q(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 -609.6 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 621.6 Q F0 -(Kill the te)144 633.6 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 -(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 645.6 Q F0(Kill backw) -144 657.6 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 -(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 669.6 Q F0(Kill backw)144 681.6 -Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E -(The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt) --2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 693.6 Q F0 -(Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144 -705.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(40)198.165 E 0 Cg -EP +1.468(replace the te)3.969 F 1.468(xt at point rather than)-.15 F +(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(40)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 41 41 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(kill\255w)108 84 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 -.728(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 96 R .729 -(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729 -(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 108 S -(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G -(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 120 Q -(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 132 Q(ord behind point.)-.1 -E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 144 Q -(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729 -(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 156 R .728 +-.35 E .957(pushing the te)144 84 R .957(xt to the right.)-.15 F .958 +(Characters bound to)5.957 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(backward\255delete\255char)3.458 E F0 .958(replace the character)3.458 +F(before point with a space.)144 96 Q(By def)5 E +(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 112.8 Q +(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 124.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144 +136.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 148.8 Q F0(Kill backw) +144 160.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 172.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 184.8 +Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E +(The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt) +-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 196.8 Q F0 +(Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144 +208.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 220.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729 +(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 232.8 R .728 (ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728 -(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 168 S +(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 244.8 S +(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G +(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 256.8 Q +(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 268.8 Q(ord behind point.) +-.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 +(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 280.8 Q +(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728 +(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 292.8 R .729 +(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729 +(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 304.8 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E (orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w) -108 180 Q(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 192 R 3.025 -(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025 +108 316.8 Q(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 328.8 R +3.025(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-) -5.525 E(ward\255w)144 204 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 216 Q -(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 228 R .365 -(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1 -F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 -(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144 -240 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 252 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)144 -264 R .166 +5.525 E(ward\255w)144 340.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 352.8 Q +(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 364.8 R .364 +(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .365(ord boundary)-.1 +F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 +(ve)-.2 G 2.865(do).15 G 2.865(nt)-2.865 G(he)-2.865 E(kill-ring.)144 +376.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 388.8 Q F0 .167(Kill the w) +144 400.8 R .166 (ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w) --.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 276 Q +-.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 412.8 Q (xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.) --2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 288 Q F0 -(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 300 Q F1(kill\255r)108 312 -Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 324 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E -(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 336 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop) -144 348 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E +-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 424.8 Q F0 +(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 436.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108 +448.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 460.8 Q(xt in the current re) +-.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 472.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E +F0(Cop)144 484.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E (gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(copy\255backward\255w)108 360 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 372 Q 4.801(yt)-.1 -G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 -E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3 -(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 384 Q -(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 396 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0 -(Cop)144 408 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F -2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55 -G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25 -(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 420 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(yank \(C\255y\))108 432 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 444 S -(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25 -E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 456 Q F0 -(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 468 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 +(copy\255backward\255w)108 496.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 508.8 Q 4.8(yt) +-.1 G 2.3(he w)-4.8 F 2.3(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E +(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.301 +(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144 +520.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 532.8 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E +(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 544.8 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008 +(ord follo)-.1 F 2.008(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 +E 7.007(.T)-.55 G 2.007(he w)-7.007 F 2.007 +(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G +(ward\255w)144 556.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(yank \(C\255y\))108 568.8 Q +F0 -1(Ya)144 580.8 S(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E +(fer at point.)-.25 E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 592.8 Q F0 +(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 604.8 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 (op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E -F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 484.8 Q -(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 496.8 Q -(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .642 -(Add this digit to the ar)144 508.8 R .641 +F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 621.6 Q +(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 633.6 Q +(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .641 +(Add this digit to the ar)144 645.6 R .641 (gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 3.141(wa)-.25 G -.18 -(rg)-3.141 G 3.141(ument. M\255\255).18 F .641(starts a ne)3.141 F(g-) --.15 E(ati)144 520.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1 -(uni)108 532.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .778 -(This is another w)144 544.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279 -(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779 +(rg)-3.141 G 3.142(ument. M\255\255).18 F .642(starts a ne)3.142 F(g-) +-.15 E(ati)144 657.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1 +(uni)108 669.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .779 +(This is another w)144 681.6 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279 +(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .778 (wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376 (optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144 -556.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 -568.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) +693.6 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 +705.6 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) 3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17 (ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other) --.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 580.8 R .898 -(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898 +-.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 717.6 R .898 +(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.898 F .898 (wed by a character that is)-.25 F .243 -(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 592.8 R .243 +(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 729.6 R .243 (gument count for the ne)-.18 F .243(xt command is multiplied by four) --.15 F 5.243(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.243 E(ar)144 604.8 Q .378 -(gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .378 -(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .378(es the ar)-.1 F -.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 616.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak) --2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1 -(Completing)87 633.6 Q(complete \(T)108 645.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137 -(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 657.6 R 1.137 -(xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137 -(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 669.6 Q .533(xt as a v) --.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) --.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F -.532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) -144 681.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701 -(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702 -(If none of these pro-)5.701 F -(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 693.6 Q F1 -(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 705.6 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 717.6 Q(xt before point.) --.15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(41)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +-.15 F 5.242(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.242 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17) +142.065 E(41)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 42 42 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 84 Q -F0 .783(Insert all completions of the te)144 96 R .783 +-.35 E(ar)144 84 Q .378(gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .378(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .378 +(es the ar)-.1 F .378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 96 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G +(econd time mak)-2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.) +-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Completing)87 112.8 Q(complete \(T)108 +124.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 +136.8 R 1.137(xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137 +(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 148.8 Q .532(xt as a v) +-.15 F .532(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .532(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) +-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .533(xt be)-.15 F +.533(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.033 E F0 .533(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) +144 160.8 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701 +(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .701 +(If none of these pro-)5.701 F +(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 172.8 Q F1 +(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 184.8 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 196.8 Q(xt before point.) +-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 208.8 Q F0 .783 +(Insert all completions of the te)144 220.8 R .783 (xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144 108 -Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 120 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 132 R F1 -(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 F .929 -(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F 1.194 -(possible completions.)144 144 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193 -(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828 -(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 156 R .828 +.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.283 E(pletions)144 +232.8 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 244.8 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144 +256.8 R F1(complete)3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629 +F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F +1.193(possible completions.)144 268.8 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.193(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.194 +(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829 +(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 280.8 R .828 (At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727 -(\(subject to the setting of)144 168 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227 -(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727 -(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 E -F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73 -(positions forw)144 180 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F +(\(subject to the setting of)144 292.8 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 +3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F +.727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 +E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.228 E F0 1.73 +(positions forw)144 304.8 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73 (ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1 -E(through the list.)144 192 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)5 -E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E(ault.) --.1 E F1(menu\255complete-)108 204 Q(w)10 I(k)-7.22 -10 M(c)-5.56 -10 M -(rd)2.78 10 M F0 .82(Identical to)144 216 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E -F0 3.32(,b)C .82(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E -.82(ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1 -(menu\255complete)144 228 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nan) -.15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G -2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 -(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 240 Q F0 .234 -(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 252 R .234 -(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.735 -E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 264 R -.15(ve)-.2 G -2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions) -2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 -276 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 288 Q F0 -(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 300 Q(xt before point.)-.15 -E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 312 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 324 Q +E(through the list.)144 316.8 Q(This command is intended to be bound to) +5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E +(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete-)108 328.8 Q(w)10 I(k)-7.22 -10 M(c) +-5.56 -10 M(rd)2.78 10 M F0 .82(Identical to)144 340.8 R F1 +(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82 +(ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1 +(menu\255complete)144 352.8 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(nan).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg) +.15 G 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E +F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 364.8 Q F0 .234 +(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 376.8 R +.234(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char) +2.734 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 388.8 R -.15 +(ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1 +(possible\255completions)2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425 +(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 400.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 +(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 412.8 Q F0 +(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 424.8 Q(xt before point.) +-.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 436.8 Q +F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 448.8 Q (xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255user)108 336 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 348 Q +(complete\255user)108 460.8 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 472.8 Q (xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user) -108 360 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 372 Q +108 484.8 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 496.8 Q (xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108 -384 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 396 Q -(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -(possible\255v)108 408 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 420 Q +508.8 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 +520.8 Q(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E +F1(possible\255v)108 532.8 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E +F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 544.8 Q (xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 432 Q F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 444 Q +(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 556.8 Q F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 568.8 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 456 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 468 Q +(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 580.8 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 592.8 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 480 Q F0 .58 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 492 R .581 -(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581 -(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 504 R +(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 604.8 Q F0 .581 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 616.8 R .581 +(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .58 +(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 628.8 R .715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F .715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F -(\214nally e)144 516 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(\214nally e)144 640.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 528 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 540 Q +(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 652.8 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 664.8 Q (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1 -(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 552 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 564 R .425 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425 +(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 676.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .425 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 688.8 R .425 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .424 (ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F -(for possible completion matches.)144 576 Q F1(dab)108 588 Q(br)-.1 E --.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611 -(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 600 R .611 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61 -(ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F -(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 612 Q F1 -(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 624 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\ -me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\ -in braces so)144 636 R(the list is a)144 648 Q -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 664.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18 -E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 676.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) -.833 E F0(Be)144 688.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E -(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 700.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G -(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 712.8 Q -(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -(board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(42)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +(for possible completion matches.)144 700.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(42)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 43 43 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 84 Q 2.5 -(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 E F0(Re-e)144 96 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1 -(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by mak\ -ing the characters in the macro appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 -108 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1(Miscellaneous)87 124.8 Q -.18(re)108 -136.8 S<ad72>.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 -1.776(Read in the contents of the)144 148.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F -4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments) --.25 F(found there.)144 160.8 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 172.8 Q F0 3.249 -(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 184.8 R -5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1 -(bell\255style)144 196.8 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 208.8 Q +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dab)108 84 Q(br)-.1 E -.15(ev)-.18 G +(\255expand).15 E F0 .61(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 96 R .611 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .611(xt ag)-.15 F .611 +(ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F +(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 108 Q F1 +(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 120 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\ +me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\ +in braces so)144 132 R(the list is a)144 144 Q -.25(va)-.2 G +(ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 160.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18 +E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 172.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) +.833 E F0(Be)144 184.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E +(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G +(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 196.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G +(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 208.8 Q +(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G +(board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1 +(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 220.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 +E F0(Re-e)144 232.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey) +-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\ + appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 244.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 +E F1(Miscellaneous)87 261.6 Q -.18(re)108 273.6 S<ad72>.18 E +(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.777 +(Read in the contents of the)144 285.6 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr) +4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb) +-.15 G 1.776(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F +(found there.)144 297.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 309.6 Q F0 3.248 +(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 321.6 R +5.749(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1 +(bell\255style)144 333.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 345.6 Q (case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.) -C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.755(If the meta\214ed character)144 220.8 R F2(x) -4.255 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.255 F 1.756 +C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 357.6 R F2(x) +4.256 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.256 F 1.755 (wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F -(uppercase character)144 232.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 244.8 Q -(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 256.8 Q +(uppercase character)144 369.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 381.6 Q +(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 393.6 Q (xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0 (is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 268.8 Q F0 -(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 280.8 Q F1 --2.29 -.18(re v)108 292.8 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095 -(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 304.8 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095 +(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 405.6 Q F0 +(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 417.6 Q F1 +-2.29 -.18(re v)108 429.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095 +(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 441.6 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095 F 3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F -(return the line to its initial state.)144 316.8 Q F1 -(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 328.8 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 340.8 Q +(return the line to its initial state.)144 453.6 Q F1 +(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 465.6 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 477.6 Q (xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1 -(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 352.8 Q F0 -(Set the mark to the point.)144 364.8 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E +(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 489.6 Q F0 +(Set the mark to the point.)144 501.6 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E (gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1 -(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 376.8 Q F0(Sw) -144 388.8 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 +(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 513.6 Q F0(Sw) +144 525.6 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 (The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa) -144 400.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 -(character\255sear)108 412.8 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 -424.8 S .536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa) +144 537.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 +(character\255sear)108 549.6 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 +561.6 S .535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt).15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535 -(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) -144 436.8 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 448.8 Q -(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 460.8 S 1.043 -(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G +(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) +144 573.6 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 585.6 Q +(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 597.6 S 1.044 +(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G 3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044 -(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E +(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 472.8 Q F1 -(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 484.8 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 496.8 S .481 -(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481(gument, the v)-.18 F .481 -(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va) -2.981 G .48(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 508.8 Q .097 -(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.097 F .098 -(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.098 E -.322(the characters at the be)144 520.8 R .321 +(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 609.6 Q F1 +(skip\255csi\255sequence \(\))108 621.6 Q F0 1.826 +(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 633.6 R 2.126 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H 1.827(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey) +-.1 G 4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 645.6 R +.791(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791 +(gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F +.331(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 657.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G +2.831(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .632 -.15 +(ve n)-.2 H 2.832(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.832 G .332(ect unless e).25 F +(xplic-)-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of insert\ +ing stray characters into the editing b)144 669.6 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E +5.026(.T)-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 681.6 Q(ault, b)-.1 E +(ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 +693.6 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 705.6 S .48(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48 +(gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1 +(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .481 +(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 717.6 Q .098 +(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.098 F .097 +(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.097 E +.321(the characters at the be)144 729.6 R .321 (ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is) --.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 532.8 R F1 -(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832 -(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469 -(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 544.8 R 1.468 -(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F -1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 556.8 Q F0 .839 -(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 -(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F -(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 568.8 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 580.8 Q -(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 592.8 R .791 -(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791 -(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 -604.8 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214le names for\ - possible completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 616.8 Q -(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .371(The w)144 628.8 R .372 -(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .372 -(xpansion, and the list of matching \214le)-.15 F .516 -(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 640.8 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F -3.016(an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516 -(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended)-.18 F(before pathname e) -144 652.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\)) -108 664.8 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 676.8 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 -F .923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F -F1(glob\255expand\255w)3.423 E(ord)-.1 E F0 .923(is displayed, and)3.423 -F .872(the line is redra)144 688.8 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 -G .872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872 -(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15 -(ex)144 700.8 S(pansion.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30) -148.175 E(43)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is) +-.25 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(43)192.055 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 44 44 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dump\255functions)108 84 Q F0 .626 -(Print all of the functions and their k)144 96 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H -.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar) -5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 108 Q +-.35 E .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 84 R/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(comment\255begin)3.332 E F0 .831 +(are deleted from the be)3.332 F .831(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.468 +(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 96 R 1.468 +(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F +1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 108 Q F0 .84 +(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 +(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F +(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 120 Q -.15 +(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 132 Q +(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 144 R .791 +(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .792 +(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 156 +R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214le names for possi\ +ble completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 168 Q +(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .372(The w)144 180 R .372 +(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .371 +(xpansion, and the list of matching \214le)-.15 F .516 +(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 192 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 +(an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516 +(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended)-.18 F(before pathname e) +144 204 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\)) +108 216 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 228 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F +.923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F F1 +(glob\255expand\255w)3.423 E(ord)-.1 E F0 .923(is displayed, and)3.423 F +.872(the line is redra)144 240 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G +.872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872 +(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15 +(ex)144 252 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 264 Q F0 .627 +(Print all of the functions and their k)144 276 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H +.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar) +5.626 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 288 Q (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr) -2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 120 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 -1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 132 R 1.799 -(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.799(alues to the readline output stream.) --.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 144 R .304 +2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 300 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 +1.799(Print all of the settable readline v)144 312 R 1.799 +(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.8(alues to the readline output stream.) +-.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 324 R .304 (gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304 -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 156 Q(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 168 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593 -(Print all of the readline k)144 180 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 -(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G -3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 192 Q +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 336 Q(c)-.37 E F0 +(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 348 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .592 +(Print all of the readline k)144 360 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 +(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.093(yo)-.15 G +3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 372 Q .528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528 -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)144 204 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 216 Q -(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 228 Q +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0 +(\214le.)144 384 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 396 Q +(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 408 Q (ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 244.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108 -256.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147 +F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 424.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108 +436.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147 (gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F -F2(compspec)108 268.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329 -(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) +F2(compspec)108 448.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329 +(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829 -F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the) --.25 F(programmable completion f)108 280.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 -(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .334 -(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 297.6 R .333 -(If a compspec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is) -5.334 F .587 -(used to generate the list of possible completions for the w)108 309.6 R -3.087(ord. If)-.1 F .587(the command w)3.087 F .587 -(ord is a full pathname, a)-.1 F 1.181 -(compspec for the full pathname is searched for \214rst.)108 321.6 R -1.18(If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an)6.181 F -(attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the portion follo)108 333.6 Q -(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it\ - is used to generate the list of matching w)108 350.4 R 3.317(ords. If) --.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 -362.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E -.464(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 379.2 -R .463(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .463(ed by the w)-.15 F -.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 391.2 R .595 +F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w\), the) +-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 460.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 +(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .497 +(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 477.6 R .497 +(If the command w)5.497 F .498 +(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .234(the be)108 +489.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 +(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F1<ad45>2.733 E F0 .233(option to) +2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .233(If a comp-) +5.233 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \ +used to generate the list of possible completions)108 501.6 R .823 +(for the w)108 513.6 R 3.323(ord. If)-.1 F .823(the command w)3.323 F +.822(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\ +ed for)-.1 F 2.866(\214rst. If)108 525.6 R .367(no compspec is found fo\ +r the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the po\ +rtion)2.866 F(follo)108 537.6 Q .422(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .422 +(If those searches to not result in a compspec, an)5.422 F 2.921(yc)-.15 +G .421(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.921 F F1<ad44>2.921 E F0(option to) +108 549.6 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0(is used as the def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E +.817(Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of\ + matching w)108 566.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817 +(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 578.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) +2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 +E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .464 +(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 595.2 R +.463(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .463(ed by the w)-.15 F +.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 607.2 R .595 (When the)5.595 F F1<ad66>3.095 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .596 (option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F -(shell v)108 403.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 420 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G +(shell v)108 619.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 +(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 636 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G 1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584 (xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>4.084 E F0 1.584 -(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 432 S +(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 648 S .554(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .555 (ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.555 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.055 E F0 .555 (shell v)2.805 F(ari-)-.25 E -(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 444 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3 -(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 460.8 Q +(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 660 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3 +(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 676.8 Q .321(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .321(gument to the)-.18 F F1<ad57>2.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32 (The string is \214rst split using the)5.32 F .412(characters in the)108 -472.8 R F3(IFS)2.912 E F0 .412(special v)2.662 F .412 +688.8 R F3(IFS)2.912 E F0 .412(special v)2.662 F .412 (ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F .413(Each w)5.412 F .413(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .092 -(using brace e)108 484.8 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 +(using brace e)108 700.8 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 (xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .091 (xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.396(metic e)108 -496.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H +712.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H (nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 -508.8 Q .51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21 -(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.21(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.21 F .209 -(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .209(ainst the w)-.05 F .209 -(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 520.8 Q +724.8 Q 2.171 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)4.371 G 1.871 +(rd Splitting).75 F F0 6.871(.T)C 1.871(he results of the e)-6.871 F +1.871(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F 1.87(ainst the w)-.05 F +1.87(ord being)-.1 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(44) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 45 45 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E(completed, and the matching w)108 84 Q (ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.237 -(After these matches ha)108 537.6 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237 +(After these matches ha)108 100.8 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237 (een generated, an).15 F 3.737(ys)-.15 G 1.238 -(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F F1<ad46>3.738 E -F0(and)3.738 E F1<ad43>3.738 E F0 3.376(options is in)108 549.6 R -.2 -(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375 -(the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.375 -(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)5.875 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F4(,)A F3 -(COMP_KEY)108 561.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25 -(va)2.407 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157 -(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .158 -(Shell V)2.658 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108 -573.6 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.486 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G -.986(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F3 -(COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986 -(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.985 E .608 -(the function or command is in)108 585.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .608 -(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .608(gument is the name of the command whose ar) --.18 F .609(guments are)-.18 F .073(being completed, the second ar)108 -597.6 R .073(gument is the w)-.18 F .073 -(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .073(gument is the w)-.18 F -.072(ord pre-)-.1 F .607(ceding the w)108 609.6 R .607 -(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .608 -(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 621.6 Q .094 +(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad46>3.738 E F0(and)3.738 E F1<ad43>3.738 E F0 3.376 +(options is in)108 112.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F +3.375(the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G +3.375(d, the).1 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_LINE)5.875 E/F3 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F3(,)A F2(COMP_KEY)108 124.8 +Q F3(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F2(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25(va)2.407 G .157 +(riables are assigned v).25 F .157(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .158(Shell V)2.658 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 +5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108 136.8 S .986 +(hell function is being in)-3.486 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .986 +(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F2(COMP_CW) +3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986(riables are also set.).25 F +(When)5.985 E .608(the function or command is in)108 148.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 +G -.1(ke).2 G .608(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .608 +(gument is the name of the command whose ar)-.18 F .609(guments are)-.18 +F .073(being completed, the second ar)108 160.8 R .073(gument is the w) +-.18 F .073(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .073 +(gument is the w)-.18 F .072(ord pre-)-.1 F .607(ceding the w)108 172.8 +R .607(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .608 +(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 184.8 Q .094 (ainst the w)-.05 F .093(ord being completed is performed; the function\ or command has complete freedom in generat-)-.1 F(ing the matches.)108 -633.6 Q(An)108 650.4 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with) +196.8 Q(An)108 213.6 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with) -2.937 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437(function may use an)2.937 F 2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .438 -(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 662.4 Q F1(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2 +(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 225.6 Q F1(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2 (bu)2.957 G .457(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956 (og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .456 -(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F3(COMPREPL)108 -674.4 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E(Ne)108 691.2 Q .08 +(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F2(COMPREPL)108 +237.6 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E(Ne)108 254.4 Q .08 (xt, an)-.15 F 2.58(yc)-.15 G .08(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.58 F F1 <ad43>2.58 E F0 .081(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581 (di).1 G 2.581(na)-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G -.4(nv)-2.581 G .081 (ironment equi).4 F -.25(va)-.25 G .081(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.859 -(stitution. It)108 703.2 R .359(should print a list of completions, one\ +(stitution. It)108 266.4 R .359(should print a list of completions, one\ per line, to the standard output.)2.859 F .358(Backslash may be used) -5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 715.2 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(44)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 45 45 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .376(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 -84 R 2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad58>2.877 E F0 .377(option is applied to the)2.877 F -3.182(list. The)108 96 R .682 -(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.182 F .681(xpansion; a) --.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .681(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.181 -F .681(xt of)-.15 F .522(the w)108 108 R .522(ord being completed.)-.1 F -3.022(Al)5.522 G(iteral)-3.022 E F1(&)3.022 E F0 .523 +5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 278.4 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E +.376(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 295.2 R +2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F1<ad58>2.877 +E F0 .377(option is applied to the)2.877 F 3.182(list. The)108 307.2 R +.682(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.182 F .681 +(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .681 +(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.181 F .681(xt of)-.15 F .522 +(the w)108 319.2 R .522(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.022(Al)5.522 G +(iteral)-3.022 E F1(&)3.022 E F0 .523 (may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 3.023(db).15 G(efore)-3.023 E .85(attempting a match.)108 120 R +-.15 G 3.023(db).15 G(efore)-3.023 E .85(attempting a match.)108 331.2 R (An)5.85 E 3.35(yc)-.15 G .849 (ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.35 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(df).15 G .849(rom the list.)-3.349 F 3.349(Al)5.849 G(eading) --3.349 E F1(!)3.349 E F0(ne)108 132 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G +-3.349 E F1(!)3.349 E F0(ne)108 343.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G (tes the pattern; in this case an).05 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G (ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -(d.).15 E(Finally)108 148.8 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H -.586(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F1 -<ad50>3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F1<ad53>3.087 E F0 .587 +(d.).15 E(Finally)108 360 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586 +(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F1<ad50> +3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F1<ad53>3.087 E F0 .587 (options are added to each member of the com-)3.087 F(pletion list, and\ the result is returned to the readline completion code as the list of \ -possible completions.)108 160.8 Q .247(If the pre)108 177.6 R .247 +possible completions.)108 372 Q .247(If the pre)108 388.8 R .247 (viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247 (atches, and the)-2.747 F F1 .247(\255o dir)2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247 -(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)108 189.6 Q F0 +(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)108 400.8 Q F0 (when the compspec w)2.5 E (as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .461 -(If the)108 206.4 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) +(If the)108 417.6 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) 2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)2.962 E F0 .462 (when the compspec w)2.962 F .462(as de\214ned, directory name com-)-.1 -F(pletion is attempted and an)108 218.4 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G +F(pletion is attempted and an)108 429.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G (atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .56 -(By def)108 235.2 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 +(By def)108 446.4 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.06(ri).15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559 (enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.06 F -.631(of possible completions.)108 247.2 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 +.631(of possible completions.)108 458.4 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)3.131 E F0 .631 (completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .632 -(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 259.2 R +(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 470.4 R .559(If the)5.559 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w) 3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.058 E F0 .558 -(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 271.2 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 +(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 482.4 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 (e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F1(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671 (ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.) --.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F1<ad6f>3.172 E(default)108 283.2 Q F0 1.207 +-.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F1<ad6f>3.172 E(default)108 494.4 Q F0 1.207 (option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0 1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F 3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.206(ault completion)-.1 F (will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 -295.2 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.) +506.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.) 2.5 E .245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is \ -desired, the programmable completion func-)108 312 R .633(tions force r\ -eadline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links t\ -o directories, subject)108 324 R 2.761(to the v)108 336 R 2.761 +desired, the programmable completion func-)108 523.2 R .633(tions force\ + readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links\ + to directories, subject)108 535.2 R 2.761(to the v)108 547.2 R 2.761 (alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.261 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 (readline v)5.261 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.762 -(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 348 Q -(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E/F2 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 364.8 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 .372 -(When the)108 376.8 R F1 .372(\255o history)2.872 F F0 .372 -(option to the)2.872 F F1(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 -(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .371(vides access to the)-.15 F/F3 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF .371(command history)2.871 F F0(,)A .031 -(the list of commands pre)108 388.8 R .031(viously typed.)-.25 F .031 -(The v)5.031 F .031(alue of the)-.25 F F1(HISTSIZE)2.531 E F0 -.25(va) -2.531 G .031(riable is used as the number of com-).25 F .43(mands to sa) -108 400.8 R .73 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.93(nah).15 G .43(istory list.)-2.93 F -.43(The te)5.43 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(HISTSIZE)2.929 E F0 .429(commands \(def)2.679 F .429(ault 500\) is sa) --.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.929(d. The).15 F(shell)2.929 E .287 -(stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and v)108 -412.8 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F4(EXP)2.787 E -(ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 424.8 -S 4.066(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.066 F 1.565 +(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 559.2 +Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E +.191(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 +576 R .19(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.33 +(tion with a def)108 588 R 1.33(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 F +F1 1.33(complete -D)3.83 F F0 6.33(.I)C(t')-6.33 E 3.83(sp)-.55 G 1.33 +(ossible for shell functions e)-3.83 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.33(cuted as).15 +F .93(completion handlers to indicate that completion should be retried\ + by returning an e)108 600 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F .93(If a)5.93 +F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compspec associated wi\ +th the command on which completion is)108 612 R .666 +(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 624 R .665 +(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .665 +(cuted\), programmable completion).15 F 1.138(restarts from the be)108 +636 R 1.139 +(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a compspec for that command.)-.15 F +1.139(This allo)6.139 F 1.139(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 +648 Q(uilt dynamically as completion is attempted, rather than being lo\ +aded all at once.)-.2 E -.15(Fo)108 664.8 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137 +(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.637 F +.137(ept in a \214le corresponding to the name of)-.1 F +(the command, the follo)108 676.8 Q(wing def)-.25 E +(ault completion function w)-.1 E(ould load completions dynamically:)-.1 +E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader\(\))108 693.6 Q({)108 705.6 Q 6 +(.")144 717.6 S +(/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124)-6 E(})108 +729.6 Q F0(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(45)192.055 E 0 +Cg EP +%%Page: 46 46 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF(complete -D -F _completion_loader)108 84 Q/F2 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 112.8 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 .371 +(When the)108 124.8 R/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .371(\255o history)2.871 F +F0 .371(option to the)2.871 F F3(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 +(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .372(vides access to the)-.15 F/F4 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF .372(command history)2.872 F F0(,)A .032 +(the list of commands pre)108 136.8 R .031(viously typed.)-.25 F .031 +(The v)5.031 F .031(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HISTSIZE)2.531 E F0 -.25(va) +2.531 G .031(riable is used as the number of com-).25 F .429 +(mands to sa)108 148.8 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429 +(istory list.)-2.929 F .429(The te)5.429 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F/F5 +9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE)2.93 E F0 .43(commands \(def)2.68 F .43 +(ault 500\) is sa)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.93(d. The).15 F(shell)2.93 E +.287(stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and v) +108 160.8 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F5(EXP) +2.787 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 +172.8 S 4.065(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.065 F 1.565 (xpansion is performed, subject to the v)-.15 F 1.565 -(alues of the shell v)-.25 F(ariables)-.25 E F4(HISTIGNORE)4.065 E F0 -(and)3.815 E F4(HISTCONTR)108 436.8 Q(OL)-.27 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) +(alues of the shell v)-.25 F(ariables)-.25 E F5(HISTIGNORE)4.065 E F0 +(and)3.816 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 184.8 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) A F0 .082 (On startup, the history is initialized from the \214le named by the v) -108 453.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(HISTFILE)2.583 E F0(\(def)2.333 E(ault)-.1 -E F3(~/.bash_history)2.583 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108 -465.6 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F4(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315 +108 201.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1 +E F4(~/.bash_history)2.582 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108 +213.6 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F5(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315 (is truncated, if necessary)2.565 F 2.815(,t)-.65 G 2.815(oc)-2.815 G .315(ontain no more than the number of)-2.815 F .532 -(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 477.6 R .532(alue of)-.25 F F4 -(HISTFILESIZE)3.032 E F5(.)A F0 .532 +(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 225.6 R .532(alue of)-.25 F F5 +(HISTFILESIZE)3.032 E F6(.)A F0 .532 (When the history \214le is read, lines be)5.032 F .532 -(ginning with the his-)-.15 F 1.159(tory comment character follo)108 -489.6 R 1.158(wed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps \ -for the preceding)-.25 F .052(history line.)108 501.6 R .053 -(These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the v)5.052 F -.053(alue of the)-.25 F F4(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.553 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va) -108 513.6 S 4.387(riable. When).25 F 1.887(an interacti)4.387 F 2.187 --.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.887(hell e).15 F 1.887(xits, the last)-.15 F F4 +(ginning with the his-)-.15 F 1.158(tory comment character follo)108 +237.6 R 1.159(wed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps \ +for the preceding)-.25 F .053(history line.)108 249.6 R .053 +(These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the v)5.053 F +.052(alue of the)-.25 F F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.552 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va) +108 261.6 S 4.386(riable. When).25 F 1.886(an interacti)4.386 F 2.187 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.887(hell e).15 F 1.887(xits, the last)-.15 F F5 ($HISTSIZE)4.387 E F0 1.887(lines are copied from the history list to) -4.137 F F4($HISTFILE)108 525.6 Q F5(.)A F0 .056(If the)4.556 F F1 +4.137 F F5($HISTFILE)108 273.6 Q F6(.)A F0 .056(If the)4.556 F F3 (histappend)2.556 E F0 .056 -(shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.556 F F1(shopt)2.556 -E F0(under)2.556 E F4 .056(SHELL B)2.556 F(UIL)-.09 E(TIN)-.828 E -(COMMANDS)108 537.6 Q F0(belo)2.672 E .422(w\), the lines are appended \ +(shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.556 F F3(shopt)2.556 +E F0(under)2.556 E F5 .056(SHELL B)2.556 F(UIL)-.09 E(TIN)-.828 E +(COMMANDS)108 285.6 Q F0(belo)2.671 E .422(w\), the lines are appended \ to the history \214le, otherwise the history \214le is o)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.921(rwritten. If).15 F F4(HISTFILE)108 549.6 Q F0 1.114(is uns\ -et, or if the history \214le is unwritable, the history is not sa)3.363 -F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.614(d. If).15 F(the)3.614 E F5 -.225(va)3.614 G 1.114 -(riable is set, time).225 F 1.252 -(stamps are written to the history \214le, mark)108 561.6 R(ed)-.09 E F0 -1.252(with the history comment character)3.502 F 3.751(,s)-.4 G 3.751 -(ot)-3.751 G(he)-3.751 E 3.751(ym)-.15 G 1.251(ay be preserv)-3.751 F -(ed)-.15 E .105(across shell sessions.)108 573.6 R .105(This uses the h\ +-.15 G 2.922(rwritten. If).15 F F5(HISTFILE)108 297.6 Q F0 1.114(is uns\ +et, or if the history \214le is unwritable, the history is not sa)3.364 +F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.614(d. If).15 F(the)3.614 E F6 -.225(va)3.613 G 1.113 +(riable is set, time).225 F 1.251 +(stamps are written to the history \214le, mark)108 309.6 R(ed)-.09 E F0 +1.252(with the history comment character)3.502 F 3.752(,s)-.4 G 3.752 +(ot)-3.752 G(he)-3.752 E 3.752(ym)-.15 G 1.252(ay be preserv)-3.752 F +(ed)-.15 E .105(across shell sessions.)108 321.6 R .105(This uses the h\ istory comment character to distinguish timestamps from other history) -5.105 F 2.605(lines. After)108 585.6 R(sa)2.605 E .105(ving the history) --.2 F 2.605(,t)-.65 G .104 -(he history \214le is truncated to contain no more than)-2.605 F F4 -(HISTFILESIZE)2.604 E F0 2.604(lines. If)2.354 F F4(HISTFILESIZE)108 -597.6 Q F0(is not set, no truncation is performed.)2.25 E 1.293(The b) -108 614.4 R 1.293(uiltin command)-.2 F F1(fc)3.793 E F0(\(see)3.793 E F4 -1.293(SHELL B)3.793 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.293(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo) -3.543 E 1.294(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-)-.25 F -.15(exe) -108 626.4 S .674(cute a portion of the history list.).15 F(The)5.673 E -F1(history)3.173 E F0 -.2(bu)3.173 G .673 -(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list).2 F .279 -(and manipulate the history \214le.)108 638.4 R .279 +5.105 F 2.604(lines. After)108 333.6 R(sa)2.604 E .104(ving the history) +-.2 F 2.604(,t)-.65 G .104 +(he history \214le is truncated to contain no more than)-2.604 F F5 +(HISTFILESIZE)2.605 E F0 2.605(lines. If)2.355 F F5(HISTFILESIZE)108 +345.6 Q F0(is not set, no truncation is performed.)2.25 E 1.294(The b) +108 362.4 R 1.294(uiltin command)-.2 F F3(fc)3.794 E F0(\(see)3.794 E F5 +1.293(SHELL B)3.794 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.293(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo) +3.543 E 1.293(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-)-.25 F -.15(exe) +108 374.4 S .673(cute a portion of the history list.).15 F(The)5.673 E +F3(history)3.173 E F0 -.2(bu)3.173 G .673 +(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list).2 F .28 +(and manipulate the history \214le.)108 386.4 R .279 (When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.279 F -.25(va) --.2 G .28(ilable in each).25 F(editing mode that pro)108 650.4 Q -(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.486(The shell allo)108 667.2 -R 1.486(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 +-.2 G .279(ilable in each).25 F(editing mode that pro)108 398.4 Q +(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.485(The shell allo)108 415.2 +R 1.485(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 (hich commands are sa)-3.986 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.986(do).15 G 3.986(nt) --3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.485 E F4(HISTCONTR)3.985 -E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.735 E F4(HISTIGNORE)108 679.2 Q F0 -.25(va)2.707 G -.457(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .758 -.15(ve o) --.2 H .458(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.458 E F1 -(cmdhist)108 691.2 Q F0 .75 +-3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.486 E F5(HISTCONTR)3.986 +E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F5(HISTIGNORE)108 427.2 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G +.458(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .757 -.15(ve o) +-.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F3 +(cmdhist)108 439.2 Q F0 .75 (shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F 1.077 -(the same history entry)108 703.2 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 +(the same history entry)108 451.2 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 (dding semicolons where necessary to preserv)-3.577 F 3.577(es)-.15 G -1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F1(lithist)3.577 E F0 -.374(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 715.2 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 -H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .373 -(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .373(See the)5.373 F .318 -(description of the)108 727.2 R F1(shopt)2.818 E F0 -.2(bu)2.818 G .318 -(iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F4 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F -(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .319 -(for information on setting and)2.568 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(45)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 46 46 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(unsetting shell options.)108 84 Q/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST) -72 100.8 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE)-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .611 -(The shell supports a history e)108 112.8 R .611 -(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .61 -(xpansion in)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(csh.)3.11 E F0 .61 -(This section)5.61 F .87(describes what syntax features are a)108 124.8 -R -.25(va)-.2 G 3.371(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def) -3.371 F .871(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.171 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .871 -(hells, and).15 F 2.014(can be disabled using the)108 136.8 R F2(+H) -4.514 E F0 2.014(option to the)4.514 F F2(set)4.514 E F0 -.2(bu)4.514 G -2.014(iltin command \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.013(SHELL B)4.513 -F(UIL)-.09 E 2.013(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 148.8 Q 2.5 -(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -(hells do not perform history e).15 E(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E -1.305(History e)108 165.6 R 1.305(xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(or\ -ds from the history list into the input stream, making it easy to repea\ -t)-.1 F .21(commands, insert the ar)108 177.6 R .21(guments to a pre) --.18 F .209 +1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F3(lithist)3.576 E F0 +.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 463.2 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 +H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .374 +(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .374(See the)5.374 F .319 +(description of the)108 475.2 R F3(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318 +(iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F5 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F +(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .318 +(for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108 +487.2 Q F2(HIST)72 504 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE)-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION) +-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e)108 516 R .611 +(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .611 +(xpansion in)-.15 F F3(csh.)3.111 E F0 .611(This section)5.611 F .871 +(describes what syntax features are a)108 528 R -.25(va)-.2 G 3.371 +(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .87 +(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87(hells, and).15 F +2.013(can be disabled using the)108 540 R F3(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 +(option to the)4.514 F F3(set)4.514 E F0 -.2(bu)4.514 G 2.014 +(iltin command \(see).2 F F5 2.014(SHELL B)4.514 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.014 +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 552 Q 2.5(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F .3 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells do not perform history e).15 E(xpansion by def) +-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.306(History e)108 568.8 R 1.306 +(xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(ords from the history list into the\ + input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .209 +(commands, insert the ar)108 580.8 R .209(guments to a pre)-.18 F .21 (vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25 -F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 189.6 Q(.)-.65 E 1.163(History e)108 -206.4 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line i\ -s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 218.4 S 3.2 +F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 592.8 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108 +609.6 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line i\ +s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 621.6 S 3.2 (rds. It).1 F(tak)3.2 E .7(es place in tw)-.1 F 3.2(op)-.1 G 3.2 (arts. The)-3.2 F .7 (\214rst is to determine which line from the history list to use during) -3.2 F 4.367(substitution. The)108 230.4 R 1.868(second is to select por\ -tions of that line for inclusion into the current one.)4.367 F 1.868 -(The line)6.868 F .663(selected from the history is the)108 242.4 R/F4 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)3.163 G(ent).15 E F0 3.163(,a)C .663 -(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.163 F F4(wor) -3.162 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.662(.V)C(arious)-6.772 E F4(modi\214er)108 254.4 -Q(s)-.1 E F0 .226(are a)2.726 F -.25(va)-.2 G .226 -(ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.726(ords. The)-.1 F .227 -(line is brok)2.726 F .227(en into w)-.1 F .227(ords in the same f)-.1 F -(ashion)-.1 E .352(as when reading input, so that se)108 266.4 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)2.852 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .351 -(-separated w)B .351(ords surrounded by quotes are considered)-.1 F .624 -(one w)108 278.4 R 3.124(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.124 G .624 -(pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .625 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.125(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.125 E(is)108 290.4 Q -F2(!)3.333 E F0(by def)3.333 E 2.5(ault. Only)-.1 F(backslash \()2.5 E -F2(\\).833 E F0 2.5(\)a).833 G(nd single quotes can quote the history e) --2.5 E(xpansion character)-.15 E(.)-.55 E(Se)108 307.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.2 F 4.368(substitution. The)108 633.6 R 1.868(second is to select por\ +tions of that line for inclusion into the current one.)4.368 F 1.867 +(The line)6.867 F .662(selected from the history is the)108 645.6 R F4 +-.15(ev)3.162 G(ent).15 E F0 3.162(,a)C .663 +(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.162 F F4(wor) +3.163 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.663(.V)C(arious)-6.773 E F4(modi\214er)108 657.6 +Q(s)-.1 E F0 .227(are a)2.727 F -.25(va)-.2 G .227 +(ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.727(ords. The)-.1 F .226 +(line is brok)2.726 F .226(en into w)-.1 F .226(ords in the same f)-.1 F +(ashion)-.1 E .351(as when reading input, so that se)108 669.6 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)2.852 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .352 +(-separated w)B .352(ords surrounded by quotes are considered)-.1 F .625 +(one w)108 681.6 R 3.125(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.125 G .624 +(pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .624 +(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.124(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.124 E(is)108 693.6 Q +F3(!)3.333 E F0(by def)3.333 E 2.5(ault. Only)-.1 F(backslash \()2.5 E +F3(\\).833 E F0 2.5(\)a).833 G(nd single quotes can quote the history e) +-2.5 E(xpansion character)-.15 E(.)-.55 E(Se)108 710.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .03(ral characters inhibit history e).15 F .03 (xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25 -F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 319.2 T -3.162(ni).25 G 3.162(fi)-3.162 G 3.162(ti)-3.162 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G +F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 722.4 T +3.163(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G .662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and) --.25 F F2(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F2 -(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.163 E -F0(will also inhibit e)108 331.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 348 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .11(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F2(shopt)2.61 E -F0 -.2(bu)2.61 G .109(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .109 -(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.258(If the)108 360 R F2 -(histv)3.758 E(erify)-.1 E F0 1.259 -(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.758 F F2(shopt) -3.759 E F0 -.2(bu)3.759 G 1.259(iltin\), and).2 F F2 -.18(re)3.759 G -(adline).18 E F0 1.259(is being)3.759 F 1.498(used, history substitutio\ -ns are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 372 R 6.497(.I) --.55 G 1.497(nstead, the e)-6.497 F 1.497(xpanded line is)-.15 F 2.228 -(reloaded into the)108 384 R F2 -.18(re)4.728 G(adline).18 E F0 2.228 -(editing b)4.728 F(uf)-.2 E 2.228(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F -(If)7.228 E F2 -.18(re)4.728 G(adline).18 E F0 2.228 -(is being used, and the)4.728 F F2(histr)108 396 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202 -(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202 -(ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F2 -.18(re) -3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 408 S -.25(ff).2 G -1.16(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.16 E F2<ad70>3.66 E F0 1.16 -(option to the)3.66 F F2(history)3.66 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.161 -(iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 420 S -.056(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.056 E F2<ad73>2.556 E -F0 .056(option to the)2.556 F F2(history)2.555 E F0 -.2(bu)2.555 G .055 -(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F -(end of the history list without actually e)108 432 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 448.8 R 2.2 -(ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2(arious characters used by the history e) --.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.147(description of)108 -460.8 R F2(histchars)3.647 E F0(abo)3.647 E 1.447 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) -.15 E F2 1.147(Shell V)3.647 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.146 -(shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F -(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 472.8 Q F2 -(Ev)87 489.6 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0(An e)108 501.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the history li\ -st.).15 E F2(!)108 518.4 Q F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e) -32.67 F 1.607(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F2(blank) -4.107 E F0 4.107(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.608 -(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F(\(when the)144 530.4 Q F2(extglob) -2.5 E F0(shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.5 G(iltin\).).2 E F2(!)108 542.4 Q F4(n)A F0 -(Refer to command line)27.67 E F4(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F2<21ad>108 554.4 Q -F4(n)A F0(Refer to the current command line minus)21.97 E F4(n)2.5 E F0 -(.).24 E F2(!!)108 566.4 Q F0(Refer to the pre)29.34 E(vious command.) --.25 E(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F2(!)108 578.4 Q F4 -(string)A F0(Refer to the most recent command starting with)9.33 E F4 -(string)2.5 E F0(.).22 E F2(!?)108 590.4 Q F4(string)A F2([?])A F0 1.022 -(Refer to the most recent command containing)144 602.4 R F4(string)3.522 -E F0 6.022(.T).22 G 1.022(he trailing)-6.022 F F2(?)3.522 E F0 1.022 -(may be omitted if)3.522 F F4(string)3.861 E F0(is)3.741 E(follo)144 -614.4 Q(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F5 12/Times-Bold@0 -SF(^)108 631.4 Q F4(string1)-5 I F5(^)5 I F4(string2)-5 I F5(^)5 I F0 -2.629(Quick substitution.)144 638.4 R 2.629 -(Repeat the last command, replacing)7.629 F F4(string1)5.469 E F0(with) -5.129 E F4(string2)5.129 E F0 7.629(.E).02 G(qui)-7.629 E -.25(va)-.25 G -2.63(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 650.4 S(!!:s/).74 E F4(string1)A F0(/)A -F4(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F2(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0 -(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 662.4 Q F0 -(The entire command line typed so f)27.67 E(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2 -.75 -(Wo)87 679.2 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 691.2 S 1.314 -(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e) --.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F2(:)3.814 E F0 1.313 -(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation).15 F -.529(from the w)108 703.2 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G -3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529 -(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F2(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F2 -($)3.029 E F0(,)A F2(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F2<ad>3.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r) --3.029 E F2(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E 1.301 -(are numbered from the be)108 715.2 R 1.301 -(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.3 -(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.3 G 1.3(rds are).8 F -(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 727.2 Q -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(46)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +-.25 F F3(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F3 +(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F3(\()3.162 E +F0(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(46)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 47 47 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.5(0\()108 84 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0 -(The zeroth w)144 96 Q 2.5(ord. F)-.1 F -(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)108.36 108 Q F0(The)30.64 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A -(ord.)-.1 E F1(^)108 120 Q F0(The \214rst ar)32.67 E 2.5(gument. That) --.18 F(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 132 Q F0(The last ar)31 E -(gument.)-.18 E F1(%)108 144 Q F0(The w)26 E -(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E F2(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2 -(x)108.77 156 Q F1<ad>A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)20.65 G(ange of w)-2.5 E -(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E -F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 168 Q F0 .315(All of the w)31 F .315(ords b)-.1 -F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `) --.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F -F1(*)2.816 E F0 .316(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 180 Q -(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108 192 Q F0 -(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<78ad>108 204 Q F0 -(Abbre)25.3 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(x*) -2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 220.8 -Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +-.35 E(will also inhibit e)108 84 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 100.8 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .109(ral shell options settable with the).15 F/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)2.609 E F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11 +(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .11(vior of history e)-.2 F +(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.259(If the)108 112.8 R F1(histv)3.759 E(erify)-.1 E +F0 1.259(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.759 F F1 +(shopt)3.759 E F0 -.2(bu)3.759 G 1.259(iltin\), and).2 F F1 -.18(re) +3.758 G(adline).18 E F0 1.258(is being)3.758 F 1.497(used, history subs\ +titutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 124.8 R +6.498(.I)-.55 G 1.498(nstead, the e)-6.498 F 1.498(xpanded line is)-.15 +F 2.228(reloaded into the)108 136.8 R F1 -.18(re)4.728 G(adline).18 E F0 +2.228(editing b)4.728 F(uf)-.2 E 2.228(fer for further modi\214cation.) +-.25 F(If)7.228 E F1 -.18(re)4.728 G(adline).18 E F0 2.228 +(is being used, and the)4.728 F F1(histr)108 148.8 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 +1.202(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202 +(ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F1 -.18(re) +3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 160.8 S -.25(ff).2 G +1.161(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.161 E F1<ad70>3.661 E F0 1.161 +(option to the)3.661 F F1(history)3.661 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.16 +(iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 172.8 +S .055(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.055 E F1<ad73>2.555 +E F0 .055(option to the)2.555 F F1(history)2.556 E F0 -.2(bu)2.556 G +.056(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F +(end of the history list without actually e)108 184.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G +(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 201.6 R 2.2 +(ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2(arious characters used by the history e) +-.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.146(description of)108 +213.6 R F1(histchars)3.646 E F0(abo)3.646 E 1.446 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) +.15 E F1 1.146(Shell V)3.646 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.147 +(shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F +(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 225.6 Q F1 +(Ev)87 242.4 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0(An e)108 254.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the history li\ +st.).15 E F1(!)108 271.2 Q F0 1.608(Start a history substitution, e) +32.67 F 1.608(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F1(blank) +4.107 E F0 4.107(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607 +(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F(\(when the)144 283.2 Q F1(extglob) +2.5 E F0(shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin\).).2 E F1(!)108 295.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 +(Refer to command line)27.67 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1<21ad>108 307.2 Q +F2(n)A F0(Refer to the current command line minus)21.97 E F2(n)2.5 E F0 +(.).24 E F1(!!)108 319.2 Q F0(Refer to the pre)29.34 E(vious command.) +-.25 E(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F1(!)108 331.2 Q F2 +(string)A F0(Refer to the most recent command starting with)9.33 E F2 +(string)2.5 E F0(.).22 E F1(!?)108 343.2 Q F2(string)A F1([?])A F0 1.022 +(Refer to the most recent command containing)144 355.2 R F2(string)3.522 +E F0 6.022(.T).22 G 1.022(he trailing)-6.022 F F1(?)3.522 E F0 1.022 +(may be omitted if)3.522 F F2(string)3.862 E F0(is)3.742 E(follo)144 +367.2 Q(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 +SF(^)108 384.2 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 +2.63(Quick substitution.)144 391.2 R 2.629 +(Repeat the last command, replacing)7.629 F F2(string1)5.469 E F0(with) +5.129 E F2(string2)5.129 E F0 7.629(.E).02 G(qui)-7.629 E -.25(va)-.25 G +2.629(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 403.2 S(!!:s/).74 E F2(string1)A F0(/)A +F2(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0 +(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108 415.2 Q F0 +(The entire command line typed so f)27.67 E(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.75 +(Wo)87 432 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 444 S 1.313 +(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e) +-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.314 +(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F +.53(from the w)108 456 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G 3.029 +(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529 +(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F1(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F1 +($)3.029 E F0(,)A F1(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F1<ad>3.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r) +-3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3 +(are numbered from the be)108 468 R 1.3 +(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301 +(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8 +F(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 480 Q +F1 2.5(0\()108 496.8 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 508.8 Q +2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E +F2(n)108.36 520.8 Q F0(The)30.64 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F1(^) +108 532.8 Q F0(The \214rst ar)32.67 E 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F(is, w)2.5 +E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 544.8 Q F0(The last ar)31 E(gument.)-.18 E F1(%) +108 556.8 Q F0(The w)26 E(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E F2 +(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 568.8 Q F1<ad>A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar) +20.65 G(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 +E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 580.8 Q F0 .316 +(All of the w)31 F .316(ords b)-.1 F .316(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315 +(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815 +('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.815 E F0 .315 +(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 592.8 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108 +604.8 Q F0(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<78ad>108 +616.8 Q F0(Abbre)25.3 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 +E F1(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w) +108 633.6 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 237.6 Q F0 .184 -(After the optional w)108 249.6 R .184(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 -G .183(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F -.183(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 261.6 Q F1(h) -108 278.4 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H +-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 650.4 Q F0 .183 +(After the optional w)108 662.4 R .183(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4 +G .184(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.683 F +.184(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 674.4 Q F1(h) +108 691.2 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H (railing \214le name component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1 -(t)108 290.4 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H +(t)108 703.2 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H (ll leading \214le name components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E F1(r) -108 302.4 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E +108 715.2 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E (\214x of the form)-.25 E F2(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E -(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 314.4 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a) --.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 326.4 -Q F0(Print the ne)30.44 E 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2 -E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 338.4 Q F0 -(Quote the substituted w)30.44 E(ords, escaping further substitutions.) --.1 E F1(x)108 350.4 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1 -E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks) -2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 362.4 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A -F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 374.4 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E -F0 .221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.031 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221 +(ving the basename.)-.2 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E +(47)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 48 48 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(e)108 84 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a) +-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 96 Q +F0(Print the ne)30.44 E 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2 E +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 108 Q F0(Quote the substituted w) +30.44 E(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 120 Q F0 +(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1 E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C +(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E +(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 132 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(old)A F1(/)A F2 +(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 144 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E F0 +.221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.032 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221 (in the e)3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721 -(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144 -386.4 R .617 +(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .616(of /.)144 +156 R .617 (The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e) -5.617 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .616(The delimiter may)5.616 -F .666(be quoted in)144 398.4 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne) -3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666 +5.616 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .617(The delimiter may)5.617 +F .666(be quoted in)144 168 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)3.526 +E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666 (If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166 (ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E -F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 410.4 R -(If)5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 -F F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G 2.774 -(fn)-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E -(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 422.4 Q F2(string) -2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1 -(&)108 434.4 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1 -(g)108 446.4 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.) -.15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.898 -('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 458.4 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w) --.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219 -(used with `)3.719 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.218 -(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089 -(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 470.4 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .09(nt line.).15 F(An)5.09 E F1(a)2.59 E F0 .09 -(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 482.4 Q F0(.)A -F1(G)108 494.4 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5 +F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 180 R(If) +5.274 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 F F2 +(old)3.005 E F0 .275(substituted, or)3.545 F 2.775(,i)-.4 G 2.775(fn) +-2.775 G 2.775(op)-2.775 G(re)-2.775 E(vi-)-.25 E +(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 192 Q F2(string)2.84 +E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1(&) +108 204 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1(g)108 +216 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.898 +(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.898 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.).15 F +.397(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.897('\()C +(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 228 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E +F1(/)A F0 1.218('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.718('. If)B 1.218(used with `) +3.718 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.219 +(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .09 +(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 240 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G .089(nt line.).15 F(An)5.089 E F1(a)2.589 E F0 .089 +(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 252 Q F0(.)A +F1(G)108 264 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5 ('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 511.2 Q(UIL)-.11 E -(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 523.2 +(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 280.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E +(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 292.8 R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\ -receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 535.2 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F1<adad>2.533 E F0 -.034(to signify the end of the options.)2.533 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E +receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 304.8 Q F0(accepts)2.534 E F1<adad>2.534 E F0 +.034(to signify the end of the options.)2.534 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E -F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .034(iltins do not accept options and) -.2 F .078(do not treat)108 547.2 R F1<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E +F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .033(iltins do not accept options and) +.2 F .077(do not treat)108 316.8 R F1<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E 5.077(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.077 E F1(exit)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.577 E F0 (,)A F1(br)2.577 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(let) 2.577 E F0 2.577(,a)C(nd)-2.577 E F1(shift)2.577 E F0 -.2(bu)2.577 G -.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108 -559.2 R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.819 E F0 .319 -(without requiring)2.819 F F1<adad>2.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b) --5.319 F .319(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32 -(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.144(accepting options interpret ar) -108 571.2 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad> +.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .32(ments be)108 328.8 +R .32(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.82 E F0 .32(without requiring)2.82 F +F1<adad>2.82 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)-5.319 F .319 +(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .319(guments b)-.18 F .319 +(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.143(accepting options interpret ar) +108 340.8 R 1.143(guments be)-.18 F 1.143(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad> 3.643 E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143 -(lid options and require).25 F F1<adad>3.643 E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 583.2 Q F1(:)108 -601.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 613.2 R -.451(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F -(xpanding)-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an) -3.222 F 2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 -625.2 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 642 Q F2 +(lid options and require).25 F F1<adad>3.644 E F0 1.144(to pre)3.644 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.144(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 352.8 Q F1(:)108 +370.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 382.8 R +.452(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F +(xpanding)-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an) +3.221 F 2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 +394.8 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 411.6 Q F2 (\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108 -654 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0 -(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 666 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from) -.15 F F2(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02 -(vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.68 -(status of the last command e)144 678 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.68(cuted from) -.15 F F2(\214lename)4.18 E F0 6.68(.I).18 G(f)-6.68 E F2(\214lename)6.09 -E F0 1.68(does not contain a slash, \214le)4.36 F .608(names in)144 690 -R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608 -(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2(\214lename)3.108 -E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA) -3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 702 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332 -(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F2 .832 -(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 -(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982 -(\214le is found in)144 714 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 +423.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E +F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 435.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02 +(cute commands from).15 F F2(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02 +(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F +(xit)-.15 E 1.68(status of the last command e)144 447.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +1.68(cuted from).15 F F2(\214lename)4.18 E F0 6.68(.I).18 G(f)-6.68 E F2 +(\214lename)6.09 E F0 1.68(does not contain a slash, \214le)4.36 F .608 +(names in)144 459.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E +F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2 +(\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in) +-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .833(need not be e)144 471.6 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.333(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.333 E F0 .832 +(is not in)3.333 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .832 +(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .981 +(\214le is found in)144 483.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 -(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 726 -S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F(y)-.15 -E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F 2.612 -(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(47)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 48 48 +(iltin command is turned of).2 F .982(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 +495.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.363 F .112(If an)5.112 F +(y)-.15 E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F +2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2 +(\214lename)144 507.6 Q F0 .341(is e)2.841 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.841 +(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .341(the positional parameters are unchanged.) +2.841 F .342(The return status is the)5.342 F .716 +(status of the last command e)144 519.6 R .716 +(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .715(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 531.6 +Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 548.4 Q F0([) +2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].) +C(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 560.4 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724 +(guments or with the)-.18 F F1<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724 +(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.225 E +F2(name)144 572.4 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F +.58(When ar)5.58 F .58 +(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F2(name) +3.08 E F0(whose)144 584.4 Q F2(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 2.895(n. A).15 F .395(trailing space in)2.895 F F2(value) +5.395 E F0 .395(causes the ne)2.895 F .395(xt w)-.15 F .395 +(ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054 +(stitution when the alias is e)144 596.4 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054 +(or each)-.15 F F2(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054 +(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)2.554 E F0 .053(is sup-)2.553 +F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 608.4 R 1.314 +(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F1(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 +(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E +(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 620.4 Q F1(bg)108 637.2 Q F0([) +2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .745(Resume each suspended job)144 +649.2 R F2(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745 +(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F1(&)3.244 E +F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F2(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 661.2 Q F0 .671 +(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) +-3.171 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1 +(bg)5.672 E F2(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419 +(when job control is disabled or)144 673.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 +(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G +(peci\214ed)-2.918 E F2(jobspec)2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sn).1 G +(ot)-2.918 E(found or w)144 685.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 +E F1(bind)108 702 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 +2.5(][)C F1(\255lpsvPSV)-2.5 E F0(])A(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(48)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 49 49 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214lename)144 84 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342 -(the positional parameters are unchanged.)2.842 F .341 -(The return status is the)5.341 F .716(status of the last command e)144 -96 R .716(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F1(\214lename) -145.91 108 Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(alias)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144 -136.8 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724(guments or with the)-.18 F F2 -<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724(option prints the list of aliases in the form) -5.224 F F2(alias)5.224 E F1(name)144 148.8 Q F0(=)A F1(value)A F0 .58 -(on standard output.)3.08 F .58(When ar)5.58 F .58 -(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F1(name) -3.08 E F0(whose)144 160.8 Q F1(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.895(n. A).15 F .395(trailing space in)2.895 F F1(value) -5.395 E F0 .395(causes the ne)2.895 F .395(xt w)-.15 F .395 -(ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054 -(stitution when the alias is e)144 172.8 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054 -(or each)-.15 F F1(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054 -(gument list for which no)-.18 F F1(value)2.554 E F0 .054(is sup-)2.554 -F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 184.8 R 1.314 -(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F2(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 -(returns true unless a)3.814 F F1(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E -(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 196.8 Q F2(bg)108 213.6 Q F0([) -2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 -225.6 R F1(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745 -(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F2(&)3.245 E -F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F1(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 237.6 Q F0 .672 -(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) --3.172 F F1(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2 -(bg)5.671 E F1(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418 -(when job control is disabled or)144 249.6 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 -(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G -(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F1(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G -(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 261.6 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 -E F2(bind)108 278.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSV)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 290.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -<ad6d>A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad71>-2.5 E F1 -(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2<ad72>-2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 302.4 Q F0 -([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2<ad66>2.5 E F1 -(\214lename)2.5 E F2(bind)108 314.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 -G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2<ad78>2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F1 -(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 326.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F1 -.1(ke) -2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F1 -(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 338.4 Q F1 -.37(re)2.5 G -(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 350.4 R F2 -.18(re) -2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239 -(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238 -(equence to a).15 F F2 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or) -2.738 F .475(macro, or set a)144 362.4 R F2 -.18(re)2.975 G(adline).18 E -F0 -.25(va)2.975 G 2.975(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F -.476(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .476(ould appear in)-.1 F F1 -(.inputr)144 374.4 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.984(,b).31 G .484 -(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.184 F -.483(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 -(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 386.4 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 -E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6d>144 -398.4 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 410.4 Q F1 -.1(ke)5.158 G -(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af) -.15 F 2.659(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.659 E -F1 -.1(ke)180 422.4 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F1 3.193 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bind)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad71>-2.5 E F2 +(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F1<ad72>-2.5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 96 Q F0([) +2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1<ad66>2.5 E F2 +(\214lename)2.5 E F1(bind)108 108 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G +(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1<ad78>2.5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 +(shell\255command)A F1(bind)108 120 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 +G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 +(function\255name)A F1(bind)108 132 Q F2 -.37(re)2.5 G +(adline\255command).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 144 R F1 -.18(re) +2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239 +(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239 +(equence to a).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 .239(function or) +2.739 F .476(macro, or set a)144 156 R F1 -.18(re)2.976 G(adline).18 E +F0 -.25(va)2.976 G 2.976(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F +.475(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .475(ould appear in)-.1 F F2 +(.inputr)144 168 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.983(,b).31 G .484 +(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.183 F +.484(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 +(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 180 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E +.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6d>144 192 +Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 204 Q F2 -.1(ke)5.159 G(ymap)-.2 +E F0 2.659(as the k)5.349 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af).15 F 2.658 +(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.658 E F2 -.1(ke) +180 216 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.192(names are)5.882 F F2 3.192 +(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.692 F 3.193 (d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E -(vi\255command)180 434.4 Q F0 4.429(,a)C(nd)-4.429 E F1(vi\255insert) -4.429 E F0(.).68 E F1(vi)6.929 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G -1.929(lent to).25 F F1(vi\255command)4.429 E F0(;)A F1(emacs)4.429 E F0 -1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.93(lent to).25 F F1 -(emacs\255standar)180 446.4 Q(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F2<ad6c>144 458.4 Q F0 -(List the names of all)27.52 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -(functions.)2.5 E F2<ad70>144 470.4 Q F0(Display)24.74 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 -G(adline).18 E F0(function names and bindings in such a w)2.5 E -(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2<ad50>144 482.4 -Q F0(List current)24.19 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -(function names and bindings.)2.5 E F2<ad73>144 494.4 Q F0(Display)26.41 -E F2 -.18(re)3.655 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)3.655 G 3.655(ys)-.05 G -1.155(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-3.655 F 3.655(yo) --.15 G 1.155(utput in such a)-3.655 F -.1(wa)180 506.4 S 2.5(yt).1 G -(hat the)-2.5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2<ad53>144 518.4 Q -F0(Display)24.74 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G 2.5(ys) --.05 G(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G -(utput.)-2.5 E F2<ad76>144 530.4 Q F0(Display)25.3 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G +(vi\255command)180 228 Q F0 4.43(,a)C(nd)-4.43 E F2(vi\255insert)4.429 E +F0(.).68 E F2(vi)6.929 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.929 +(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)4.429 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)4.429 E F0 1.929 +(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.929(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar) +180 240 Q(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1<ad6c>144 252 Q F0(List the names of all) +27.52 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0(functions.)2.5 E F1<ad70>144 +264 Q F0(Display)24.74 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 +(function names and bindings in such a w)2.5 E(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc) +-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F1<ad50>144 276 Q F0(List current)24.19 E +F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0(function names and bindings.)2.5 E F1 +<ad73>144 288 Q F0(Display)26.41 E F1 -.18(re)3.655 G(adline).18 E F0 +-.1(ke)3.655 G 3.655(ys)-.05 G 1.155 +(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-3.655 F 3.655(yo)-.15 G +1.155(utput in such a)-3.655 F -.1(wa)180 300 S 2.5(yt).1 G(hat the)-2.5 +E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F1<ad53>144 312 Q F0(Display)24.74 +E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G 2.5(ys)-.05 G +(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G +(utput.)-2.5 E F1<ad76>144 324 Q F0(Display)25.3 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G (adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E (alues in such a w)-.25 E(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G -(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2<ad56>144 542.4 Q F0(List current)23.08 E F2 --.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E -(alues.)-.25 E F2<ad66>144 554.4 Q F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0(Read k)180 -566.4 Q .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings from).15 E F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0(.)A -F2<ad71>144 578.4 Q F1(function)2.5 E F0(Query about which k)180 590.4 Q --.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(si).15 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.5 H .2 -.1(ke t).4 H -(he named).1 E F1(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F2<ad75>144 602.4 Q F1(function) -2.5 E F0(Unbind all k)180 614.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sb).15 G -(ound to the named)-2.5 E F1(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F2<ad72>144 626.4 Q -F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(Remo)180 638.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .3 --.15(ny c).15 H(urrent binding for).15 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 -(.)A F2<ad78>144 650.4 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F2(:)A F1 -(shell\255command)A F0(Cause)180 662.4 Q F1(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 -1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G(r).15 E F1 -.1(ke)4.325 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F -(When)6.825 E F1(shell\255com-)4.325 E(mand)180 674.4 Q F0 1.113(is e) -3.614 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.113(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F F2 -(READLINE_LINE)3.613 E F0 -.25(va)3.613 G 1.113 -(riable to the contents of the).25 F F2 -.18(re)180 686.4 S(adline).18 E -F0 .586(line b)3.086 F(uf)-.2 E .586(fer and the)-.25 F F2 -(READLINE_POINT)3.087 E F0 -.25(va)3.087 G .587 -(riable to the current location of the).25 F 1.241(insertion point.)180 -698.4 R 1.241(If the e)6.241 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.241 -(cuted command changes the v).15 F 1.241(alue of)-.25 F F2 -(READLINE_LINE)3.741 E F0(or)3.74 E F2(READLINE_POINT)180 710.4 Q F0 2.5 +(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F1<ad56>144 336 Q F0(List current)23.08 E F1 -.18 +(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E(alues.) +-.25 E F1<ad66>144 348 Q F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0(Read k)180 360 Q .3 -.15 +(ey b)-.1 H(indings from).15 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 +372 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0(Query about which k)180 384 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +2.5(si).15 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.5 H .2 -.1(ke t).4 H(he named).1 E F2 +(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 396 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 +(Unbind all k)180 408 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sb).15 G(ound to the named) +-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad72>144 420 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq) +-.2 E F0(Remo)180 432 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .3 -.15(ny c).15 H +(urrent binding for).15 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(.)A F1<ad78>144 +444 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F1(:)A F2(shell\255command)A F0(Cause) +180 456 Q F2(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E F2 -.1(ke)4.325 G +(yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F(When)6.825 E F2(shell\255com-) +4.325 E(mand)180 468 Q F0 1.113(is e)3.613 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.113 +(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F F1(READLINE_LINE)3.613 E F0 -.25(va) +3.613 G 1.113(riable to the contents of the).25 F F1 -.18(re)180 480 S +(adline).18 E F0 .587(line b)3.087 F(uf)-.2 E .587(fer and the)-.25 F F1 +(READLINE_POINT)3.087 E F0 -.25(va)3.087 G .586 +(riable to the current location of the).25 F 1.24(insertion point.)180 +492 R 1.241(If the e)6.241 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.241 +(cuted command changes the v).15 F 1.241(alue of)-.25 F F1 +(READLINE_LINE)3.741 E F0(or)3.741 E F1(READLINE_POINT)180 504 Q F0 2.5 (,t)C(hose ne)-2.5 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G (alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E(The return v) -144 727.2 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 +144 520.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5 -E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(48)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 49 49 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(br)108 84 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A .054(Exit from within a)144 96 R F1 -.25 -(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1(while)2.554 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 -2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1(select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F2(n) -2.555 E F0 .055(is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.).15 E F2(n)5.415 E F0 .055(must be)2.795 F/F3 10 -/Symbol SF<b3>2.555 E F0(1.)2.555 E(If)144 108 Q F2(n)3.075 E F0 .215(i\ -s greater than the number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e) -2.955 F 2.714(xited. The)-.15 F .214(return v)2.714 F(alue)-.25 E -(is 0 unless)144 120 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.) -2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)108 136.8 S(iltin).2 E F2(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E -F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 148.8 Q .792 -(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .792(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 +E F1(br)108 537.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .055 +(Exit from within a)144 549.6 R F1 -.25(fo)2.555 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 +(while)2.555 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1 +(select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0 .055 +(is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ls.).15 E F2(n)5.414 E F0 .054(must be)2.794 F/F3 10/Symbol SF<b3>2.554 +E F0(1.)2.554 E(If)144 561.6 Q F2(n)3.074 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ + number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.954 F 2.715 +(xited. The)-.15 F .215(return v)2.715 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 +573.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F1 -.2 +(bu)108 590.4 S(iltin).2 E F2(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E +F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 602.4 Q .793 +(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .793(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 (ar)3.293 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.293(,a).27 G .793(nd return its e)-3.293 -F .793(xit status.)-.15 F .793(This is useful)5.793 F .616 +F .792(xit status.)-.15 F .792(This is useful)5.792 F .615 (when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144 -160.8 R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 -172.8 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 +614.4 R .616(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 +626.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 -.2(bu)3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E -5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 184.8 Q(alse if)-.1 +5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 638.4 Q(alse if)-.1 E F2(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E -(uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 201.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) -.2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 213.6 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F +(uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 655.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) +.2 E F0(])A .253(Returns the conte)144 667.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F 2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254 (ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F1(sour)144 225.6 Q -(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.062 G 3.062(iltins. W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 +.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.754 E F0(or)2.754 E F1(sour)144 679.2 Q +(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.063 G 3.063(iltins. W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 (ex)3.062 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)3.062 E F0 .562 (displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)3.062 F -.254(subroutine call.)144 237.6 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G(ti).05 E .554 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 -F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .253 -(displays the line number)2.753 F 2.753(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.753 E 1.327(rou\ +.253(subroutine call.)144 691.2 R .253(If a non-ne)5.253 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G(ti).05 E .553 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 +F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .254 +(displays the line number)2.754 F 2.754(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.754 E 1.327(rou\ tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ -ent e)144 249.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001 -(This e)144 261.6 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001 -(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F(The current frame is frame)5 E -3.019(0. The)144 273.6 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519 -(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52 -(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52 -(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 285.6 Q -(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F1(cd)108 302.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255L|-P)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .21 -(Change the current directory to)144 314.4 R F2(dir)2.71 E F0 5.21(.T)C -.21(he v)-5.21 F(ariable)-.25 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOME)2.71 E F0 .21 +ent e)144 703.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.327(cution call stack.).15 F(This e) +144 715.2 Q(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 E .001 +(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F .001(The current frame is frame) +5.001 F 4.514(0. The)144 727.2 R 2.014(return v)4.514 F 2.013 +(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.013 +(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)4.513 G(pr).2 E F0 2.013 +(does not)4.513 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(49) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 50 50 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E(correspond to a v)144 84 Q(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 +E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(cd)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255L|-P)A F0 2.5 +(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .21 +(Change the current directory to)144 112.8 R F2(dir)2.71 E F0 5.21(.T)C +.21(he v)-5.21 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOME)2.71 E F0 .21 (is the def)2.46 F(ault)-.1 E F2(dir)2.71 E F0 5.21(.T).73 G .21(he v) --5.21 F(ariable)-.25 E F4(CDP)2.71 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .776 -(de\214nes the search path for the directory containing)144 326.4 R F2 -(dir)3.276 E F0 5.777(.A).73 G(lternati)-5.777 E 1.077 -.15(ve d)-.25 H -.777(irectory names in).15 F F4(CDP)3.277 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.764(are separated by a colon \(:\).)144 338.4 R 3.264(An)5.764 G .764 -(ull directory name in)-3.264 F F4(CDP)3.264 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E -F0 .764(is the same as the current direc-)3.014 F(tory)144 350.4 Q 2.973 -(,i)-.65 G .473(.e., `)-2.973 F(`)-.74 E F1(.)A F0 -.74('')C 5.473(.I) -.74 G(f)-5.473 E F2(dir)3.323 E F0(be)3.703 E .474 -(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F4(CDP)2.974 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) -.855 E F0 .474(is not used. The)2.724 F F1<ad50>2.974 E F0 .474 -(option says to use)2.974 F .58(the ph)144 362.4 R .58 +-5.21 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)2.71 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .777 +(de\214nes the search path for the directory containing)144 124.8 R F2 +(dir)3.276 E F0 5.776(.A).73 G(lternati)-5.776 E 1.076 -.15(ve d)-.25 H +.776(irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.276 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 +.764(are separated by a colon \(:\).)144 136.8 R 3.264(An)5.764 G .764 +(ull directory name in)-3.264 F F3(CDP)3.264 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E +F0 .764(is the same as the current direc-)3.014 F(tory)144 148.8 Q 2.974 +(,i)-.65 G .474(.e., `)-2.974 F(`)-.74 E F1(.)A F0 -.74('')C 5.474(.I) +.74 G(f)-5.474 E F2(dir)3.324 E F0(be)3.704 E .474 +(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)2.974 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) +.855 E F0 .473(is not used. The)2.724 F F1<ad50>2.973 E F0 .473 +(option says to use)2.973 F .579(the ph)144 160.8 R .579 (ysical directory structure instead of follo)-.05 F .579 -(wing symbolic links \(see also the)-.25 F F1<ad50>3.079 E F0 .579 -(option to the)3.079 F F1(set)144 374.4 Q F0 -.2(bu)3.383 G .883 -(iltin command\); the).2 F F1<ad4c>3.383 E F0 .884 +(wing symbolic links \(see also the)-.25 F F1<ad50>3.08 E F0 .58 +(option to the)3.08 F F1(set)144 172.8 Q F0 -.2(bu)3.384 G .884 +(iltin command\); the).2 F F1<ad4c>3.384 E F0 .884 (option forces symbolic links to be follo)3.384 F 3.384(wed. An)-.25 F -(ar)3.384 E .884(gument of)-.18 F F1<ad>3.384 E F0(is)3.384 E(equi)144 -386.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .063(lent to).25 F F4($OLDPWD)2.563 E/F5 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .063(If a non-empty directory name from)4.563 F -F1(CDP)2.562 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 .062(is used, or if)2.562 F F1 -<ad>2.562 E F0 .062(is the \214rst)2.562 F(ar)144 398.4 Q .116(gument, \ +(ar)3.383 E .883(gument of)-.18 F F1<ad>3.383 E F0(is)3.383 E(equi)144 +184.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .062(lent to).25 F F3($OLDPWD)2.562 E/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .062(If a non-empty directory name from)4.562 F +F1(CDP)2.562 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 .063(is used, or if)2.562 F F1 +<ad>2.563 E F0 .063(is the \214rst)2.563 F(ar)144 196.8 Q .116(gument, \ and the directory change is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne) --.18 F 2.616(ww)-.25 G .116(orking direc-)-2.716 F 1.165 -(tory is written to the standard output.)144 410.4 R 1.164(The return v) -6.164 F 1.164(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 F 1.164 -(as successfully)-.1 F(changed; f)144 422.4 Q(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 -(command)108 439.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A F2(command)2.5 E F0 -([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 451.2 Q F2(command)2.956 +-.18 F 2.615(ww)-.25 G .115(orking direc-)-2.715 F 1.164 +(tory is written to the standard output.)144 208.8 R 1.164(The return v) +6.164 F 1.165(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 F 1.165 +(as successfully)-.1 F(changed; f)144 220.8 Q(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 +(command)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A F2(command)2.5 E F0 +([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 249.6 Q F2(command)2.957 E F0(with)3.527 E F2(ar)3.087 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .257 (suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only b)3.027 F .257 -(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 463.2 R F4 --.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.002 +(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .501(commands found in the)144 261.6 R F3 +-.666(PA)3.001 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.751 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.002 (cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi)3.002 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.201 E F0(is) -3.771 E .231(performed using a def)144 475.2 R .231(ault v)-.1 F .231 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G .502(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.202 E F0(is) +3.772 E .232(performed using a def)144 273.6 R .231(ault v)-.1 F .231 (alue for)-.25 F F1 -.74(PA)2.731 G(TH)-.21 E F0 .231 (that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.731 F(If) -5.232 E .175(either the)144 487.2 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1 -<ad76>2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F2 -(command)2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F1<ad76>2.674 E -F0 .174(option causes)2.674 F 3.11(as)144 499.2 S .61(ingle w)-3.11 F +5.231 E .174(either the)144 285.6 R F1<ad56>2.674 E F0(or)2.674 E F1 +<ad76>2.674 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.674 F F2 +(command)2.875 E F0 .175(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.175 E F1<ad76>2.675 E +F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.11(as)144 297.6 S .61(ingle w)-3.11 F .61(ord indicating the command or \214le name used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo) -.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.41 E F0 .61(to be displayed; the)3.88 F -F1<ad56>144 511.2 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25 -(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or) -2.749 E F1<ad76>2.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249 -(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 523.2 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1 -(wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005 +F1<ad56>144 309.6 Q F0 .249(option produces a more v)2.749 F .249 +(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.249 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or) +2.749 E F1<ad76>2.75 E F0 .25(option is supplied, the e)2.75 F .25 +(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 321.6 R F2(command)3.705 E F0 -.1 +(wa)4.275 G 3.505(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.505 F 1.004 (If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F2 -(command)144.2 535.2 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599 -(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598 -(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 547.2 S +(command)144.2 333.6 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599 +(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.599 +(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 345.6 S (iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F1 -(compgen)108 564 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 576 R F2 -(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513 E -F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982 -(accepted by the)144 588 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +(compgen)108 362.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d) +-.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 374.4 R +F2(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513 +E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.512(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.512 E .981 +(accepted by the)144 386.4 R F1(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 (iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F1<ad70>3.481 E F0(and) -3.481 E F1<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the) --3.481 F 1.415(standard output.)144 600 R 1.415(When using the)6.415 F +3.481 E F1<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the) +-3.481 F 1.415(standard output.)144 398.4 R 1.415(When using the)6.415 F F1<ad46>3.915 E F0(or)3.915 E F1<ad43>3.915 E F0 1.415(options, the v) 3.915 F 1.415(arious shell v)-.25 F 1.415(ariables set by the pro-)-.25 -F(grammable completion f)144 612 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 -G(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25 -E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 636 R .352 +F(grammable completion f)144 410.4 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va) +-.2 G(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.) +-.25 E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 434.4 R .352 (ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\ em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144 -648 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only)2.52 -F(those completions matching)144 660 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 684 Q +446.4 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) +2.52 F(those completions matching)144 458.4 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 482.4 Q (alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G (lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F1 -(complete)108 700.8 Q F0([)3.729 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.729(][)C -F1<ad6f>-3.729 E F2(comp-option)3.729 E F0 3.729(][)C F1(\255DE)-3.729 E +(complete)108 499.2 Q F0([)3.728 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.728(][)C +F1<ad6f>-3.728 E F2(comp-option)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1(\255DE)-3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad41>-3.728 E F2(action)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad47> --3.728 E F2(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad57>-3.728 E F2(wor)3.728 -E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad46>-3.728 E F2(func-)3.728 E(tion)108 -712.8 Q F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 724.8 Q +-3.728 E F2(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.729(][)C F1<ad57>-3.729 E F2(wor)3.729 +E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.729(][)C F1<ad46>-3.729 E F2(func-)3.729 E(tion)108 +511.2 Q F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 523.2 Q F1<ad58>A F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad50>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E (e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F2(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(]) -A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name ...)A F0(])A(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(49)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 50 50 +A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 +535.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E +.633(Specify ho)144 547.2 R 3.133(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.133 G .633 +(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.133 E F0 .633(should be completed.)3.133 +F .634(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.134 E F0 .634 +(option is supplied, or if no)3.134 F .14(options are supplied, e)144 +559.2 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 +F .139(ay that allo)-.1 F .139(ws them to be)-.25 F .31 +(reused as input.)144 571.2 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31 +(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31 +(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C +1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.347 +(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 583.2 R(The)6.347 E +F1<ad44>3.847 E F0 1.346(option indicates that the remaining options) +3.847 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 595.2 R(`def)-.74 E +(ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5 +(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144 +607.2 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F1<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955 +(option indicates that)3.455 F .064 +(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 619.2 R +(`empty')-.74 E 2.565('c)-.74 G .065 +(ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.565 F +(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 631.2 Q 1.438 +(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 +655.2 R 1.437(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 +667.2 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .555 +(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 691.2 R .855 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 +(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555 +(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.056 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.056 E F0 3.056 +(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F1<ad58>3.056 E F0 .723(options \(and, if necessary) +144 703.2 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F1<ad50>3.223 E F0(and)3.223 E +F1<ad53>3.223 E F0 .722 +(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E +(sion before the)144 715.2 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(50)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 51 51 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(complete \255pr)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.634(Specify ho)144 96 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634 -(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.134 E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134 -F .633(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.133 E F0 .633 -(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e)144 -108 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F -.14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.)144 -120 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name) -2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C 1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2 -(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.346 -(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 132 R(The)6.347 E F1 -<ad44>3.847 E F0 1.347(option indicates that the remaining options)3.847 -F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 144 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E -3('c)-.74 G .5(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F -3.455(ac)144 156 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F -.955(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F1<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955 -(option indicates that)3.455 F .065 -(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 168 R(`empty') --.74 E 2.564('c)-.74 G .064(ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.564 F -(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 180 Q 1.437 -(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 -204 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 216 Q -.3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E -F0(.)A .556(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 240 R .856 -.15(ve t) --.2 H .555(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F -.555(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.055 E F0 -3.055(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F1<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722 -(options \(and, if necessary)144 252 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1 -<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E F1<ad53>3.222 E F0 .723 -(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion before the)144 264 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 276 Q F2 -(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 288 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6f>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 96 Q F2(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291 (controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec') .15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291 -(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 300 Q F2 -(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 312 Q F0 -.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 324 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0 -.281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 336 Q -F1(default)184 348 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')10 F 5.376(sd)-.55 G(ef) --5.376 E 2.875(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no) --.1 F(matches.)224 360 Q F1(dir)184 372 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform direc\ -tory name completion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 384 Q F1 -(\214lenames)184 396 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 408 S .137(ll readline that the co\ -mpspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 -G(le-)-2.637 E .134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 420 R 2.634 +(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 108 Q F2 +(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 120 Q F0 +.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 132 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0 +.281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 144 Q +F1(default)184 156 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')10 F 5.375(sd)-.55 G(ef) +-5.375 E 2.876(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no) +-.1 F(matches.)224 168 Q F1(dir)184 180 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform direc\ +tory name completion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 192 Q F1 +(\214lenames)184 204 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 216 S .137(ll readline that the co\ +mpspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c>-.15 +G(le-)-2.636 E .134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 228 R 2.634 (ea)-.1 G .134(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F -.45(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 432 R .45 -(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 444 Q F1(nospace) -184 456 Q F0 -.7(Te)6.11 G .22 +.45(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 240 R .45 +(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 252 Q F1(nospace) +184 264 Q F0 -.7(Te)6.11 G .22 (ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22(ault\) to w)-.1 F -.22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 468 Q F1(plusdirs) -184 480 Q F0 1.985(After an)5.54 F 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 +.22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 276 Q F1(plusdirs) +184 288 Q F0 1.985(After an)5.54 F 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 (atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F -.584(completion is attempted and an)224 492 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 -(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 504 -Q F1<ad41>144 516 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 528 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0 +.583(completion is attempted and an)224 300 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 +(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 312 +Q F1<ad41>144 324 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 336 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0 (may be one of the follo)2.5 E (wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184 -540 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 552 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 564 Q -(ariable names.)-.25 E F1 4.7(binding Readline)184 576 R F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G -2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 588 S(iltin).2 E F0 +348 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 360 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 372 Q +(ariable names.)-.25 E F1 4.7(binding Readline)184 384 R F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G +2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 396 S(iltin).2 E F0 (Names of shell b)11.85 E(uiltin commands.)-.2 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 600 -Q F0(Command names.)224 612 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 624 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 636 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 648 -Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 660 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 -672 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)6.66 E(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 -684 Q F0(Names of e)12.23 E(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 408 +Q F0(Command names.)224 420 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 432 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 444 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 456 +Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 468 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 +480 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)6.66 E(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 +492 Q F0(Names of e)12.23 E(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) -.25 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(\214le)184 -696 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5 -E F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(50)198.165 E 0 Cg -EP -%%Page: 51 51 +504 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(function)184 516 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 528 Q F1 +(gr)184 540 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)14.62 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad67>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(helptopic)184 +552 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 564 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 576 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 588 +Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 600 Q F0 +(Job names, if job control is acti)26.11 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G +(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 612 S +(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 624 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May) +-.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(running)184 +636 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)5.54 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 648 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)10.67 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 660 Q +F0 -1.11(Va)14.45 G(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E +F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 +(shopt)184 672 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1 +(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 684 Q F0 +(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 696 Q F0 +(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)6.66 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(.) +.15 E F1(user)184 708 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 +Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(51)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 52 52 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(function)184 84 Q F0 -(Names of shell functions.)224 96 Q F1(gr)184 108 Q(oup)-.18 E F0 -(Group names.)14.62 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad67>2.5 E F0(.) -A F1(helptopic)184 120 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 132 Q F1 -(help)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 144 Q F0 -(Hostnames, as tak)224 156 Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E -/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E -F1(job)184 168 Q F0(Job names, if job control is acti)26.11 E -.15(ve) --.25 G 5(.M).15 G(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 --.1(ke)184 180 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 192 Q(ed w)-.15 E -2.5(ords. May)-.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(running)184 204 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)5.54 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 216 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.) -10.67 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt) -184 228 Q F0 -1.11(Va)14.45 G(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F1 -<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.) -.2 E F1(shopt)184 240 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E -F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 252 Q F0 -(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 264 Q F0 -(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)6.66 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(.) -.15 E F1(user)184 276 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 288 S -(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)5.1 E 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F -(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad47>144 300 Q/F3 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007(The pathname e)184 312 R -1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F -1.008(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 324 Q -F1<ad57>144 336 Q F3(wor)2.5 E(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 348 Q F3(wor)3.64 -E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F2 -(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and) --.25 F 2.007(each resultant w)184 360 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507 -(xpanded. The)-.15 F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the) -4.507 F(resultant list which match the w)184 372 Q(ord being completed.) --.1 E F1<ad43>144 384 Q F3(command)2.5 E(command)184 396 Q F0 1.056 -(is e)3.556 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.1(va)184 84 S(riable).1 E F0 +(Names of all shell v)5.1 E 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F +(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad47>144 96 Q/F2 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008(The pathname e)184 108 R +1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F +1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 120 Q +F1<ad57>144 132 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 144 Q F2(wor) +3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14(is split using the characters in the)3.639 +F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14(special v)3.39 F 1.14 +(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F 2.008(each resultant w)184 156 R +2.008(ord is e)-.1 F 4.508(xpanded. The)-.15 F 2.007 +(possible completions are the members of the)4.508 F +(resultant list which match the w)184 168 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E +F1<ad43>144 180 Q F2(command)2.5 E(command)184 192 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 (vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) -184 408 Q F1<ad46>144 420 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 1.18 -(The shell function)184 432 R F3(function)3.68 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.181(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 3.681 -(vironment. When)-.4 F 1.181(it \214n-)3.681 F .932 -(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 444 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.432(df).15 G .932(rom the v)-3.432 F .932(alue of the)-.25 F F2 -(COMPREPL)3.431 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.181 E -.25(va)184 456 S(riable.) -.25 E F1<ad58>144 468 Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 480 Q F0 -.455(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.955 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 -F .456(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 -(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 492 R 1.596 -(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 504 Q F3(\214lterpat) -3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15 G .704 -(rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 -(in)3.204 E F3(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .705 -(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 516 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G -(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E F1<ad50>144 528 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) -184 540 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534 +184 204 Q F1<ad46>144 216 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 1.181 +(The shell function)184 228 R F2(function)3.681 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.181(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 3.68 +(vironment. When)-.4 F 1.18(it \214n-)3.68 F .932 +(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 240 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.432(df).15 G .932(rom the v)-3.432 F .932(alue of the)-.25 F F3 +(COMPREPL)3.432 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.182 E -.25(va)184 252 S(riable.) +.25 E F1<ad58>144 264 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 276 Q F0 +.456(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 +F .455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 +(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 288 R 1.596 +(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 300 Q F2(\214lterpat) +3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704 +(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 +(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704 +(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 312 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G +(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E F1<ad50>144 324 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) +184 336 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F --.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 552 Q F1<ad53>144 564 Q F3(suf)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 348 Q F1<ad53>144 360 Q F2(suf)2.5 E 2.81(\214x suf)-.18 F<8c78>-.18 E F0 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 -E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E .466(The return v)144 580.8 R -.466(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 -(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0 -(or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362 -(plied without a)144 592.8 R F3(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361 -(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H -1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F3(name)144 604.8 Q F0 +E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E .467(The return v)144 376.8 R +.467(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 +(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.966 E F0 +(or)2.966 E F1<ad72>2.966 E F0 .466(is sup-)2.966 F 1.361 +(plied without a)144 388.8 R F2(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361 +(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.662 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H +1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 400.8 Q F0 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E -F1(compopt)108 621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F1(\255DE)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3 -(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 633.6 R -F3(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F3(option)2.947 E F0 -.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E .726 -(completion if no)144 645.6 R F3(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726 -(re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F3(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) -C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725 -(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 657.6 Q F3(name) -3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v) -5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F3(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 -F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 669.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) -2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) +F1(compopt)108 417.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F1(\255DE)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 429.6 R +F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 +.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E .725 +(completion if no)144 441.6 R F2(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725 +(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) +C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726 +(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 453.6 Q F2(name) +3.224 E F0 .724(or the current completion.)3.224 F .724(The possible v) +5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 +F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 465.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) +2.797 G .297(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) -5.297 E F1<ad44>2.797 E F0 .297 (option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F -1.227(the `)144 681.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ +1.228(the `)144 477.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.728('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \ -no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 693.6 R 2.178 -(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.178 E F1<ad45>4.678 E F0 2.177 -(option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F(should apply to `) -144 705.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G +no)-3.728 F 2.177(completion has pre)144 489.6 R 2.177 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.177 E F1<ad45>4.677 E F0 2.178 +(option indicates that the remaining options)4.678 F(should apply to `) +144 501.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)-2.5 -E .327(The return v)108 722.4 R .327(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F +E .327(The return v)108 518.4 R .327(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .327 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the options for a) -.25 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(51)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 52 52 +.25 F F2(name)108 530.4 Q F0(for which no completion speci\214cation e) +2.5 E(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 547.2 Q +F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.753(Resume the ne)144 559.2 R 1.753 +(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A +F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1 +(select)4.254 E F0 4.254(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.614 E F0 1.754 +(is speci\214ed,)4.494 F 1.209(resume at the)144 571.2 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 +1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F4 10 +/Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n)4.069 E F0 1.209 +(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .513 +(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 583.2 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.013('l)-.74 G .513(oop\) is resumed.)-3.013 F .514 +(The return v)5.514 F .514(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.014 E F0(is) +3.014 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 595.2 Q F1(declar)108 612 Q +(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 +2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1 +(typeset)108 624 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70> +-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..]) +-2.5 E 1.265(Declare v)144 636 R 1.265(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.565 +-.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.265(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E +F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.764 +(nt).15 G 1.264(hen display the v)-3.764 F 1.264(alues of)-.25 F -.25 +(va)144 648 S 3.482(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982 +(option will display the attrib)3.482 F .982(utes and v)-.2 F .983 +(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.483 E F0 5.983(.W).18 G(hen)-5.983 E F1 +<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983(is used)3.483 F(with)144 660 Q F2(name)3.58 E F0 +(ar)3.58 E 1.079(guments, additional options are ignored.)-.18 F(When) +6.079 E F1<ad70>3.579 E F0 1.079(is supplied without)3.579 F F2(name) +3.579 E F0(ar)3.579 E(gu-)-.18 E .15(ments, it will display the attrib) +144 672 R .15(utes and v)-.2 F .151(alues of all v)-.25 F .151 +(ariables ha)-.25 F .151(ving the attrib)-.2 F .151 +(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .047(additional options.)144 684 R .047 +(If no other options are supplied with)5.047 F F1<ad70>2.547 E F0(,)A F1 +(declar)2.547 E(e)-.18 E F0 .046(will display the attrib)2.546 F .046 +(utes and)-.2 F -.25(va)144 696 S 1.362(lues of all shell v).25 F 3.862 +(ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.862 E F0 1.363 +(option will restrict the display to shell functions.)3.862 F(The)6.363 +E F1<ad46>3.863 E F0 2.422(option inhibits the display of function de\ +\214nitions; only the function name and attrib)144 708 R 2.422(utes are) +-.2 F 2.663(printed. If)144 720 R(the)2.663 E F1(extdeb)2.663 E(ug)-.2 E +F0 .164(shell option is enabled using)2.663 F F1(shopt)2.664 E F0 2.664 +(,t)C .164(he source \214le name and line number)-2.664 F(GNU Bash-4.0) +72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(52)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 53 53 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)108 84 Q F0 -(for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E -(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(continue)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 -112.8 R 1.754(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F2 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r) -.25 E F0(,)A F2(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F2(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r) --4.254 E F2(select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F1(n)4.613 E F0 -1.753(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 124.8 R F1(n)3.709 -E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F1(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F3 -10/Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F1(n)4.069 E F0 1.209 -(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514 -(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 136.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513 -(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F1(n)3.013 E F0(is) -3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 148.8 Q F2(declar)108 165.6 -Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F2 -(typeset)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70> --2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..]) --2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 189.6 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564 --.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E -F1(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765 -(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F -.25 -(va)144 201.6 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F2<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983 -(option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982 -(alues of each)-.25 F F1(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F2 -<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 213.6 Q F1(name)3.579 E -F0(ar)3.579 E 1.079(guments, additional options are ignored.)-.18 F -(When)6.079 E F2<ad70>3.579 E F0 1.079(is supplied without)3.579 F F1 -(name)3.58 E F0(ar)3.58 E(gu-)-.18 E .151 -(ments, it will display the attrib)144 225.6 R .151(utes and v)-.2 F -.151(alues of all v)-.25 F .15(ariables ha)-.25 F .15(ving the attrib) --.2 F .15(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .046(additional options.)144 -237.6 R .046(If no other options are supplied with)5.046 F F2<ad70>2.547 -E F0(,)A F2(declar)2.547 E(e)-.18 E F0 .047(will display the attrib) -2.547 F .047(utes and)-.2 F -.25(va)144 249.6 S 1.363 -(lues of all shell v).25 F 3.863(ariables. The)-.25 F F2<ad66>3.863 E F0 -1.362(option will restrict the display to shell functions.)3.863 F(The) -6.362 E F2<ad46>3.862 E F0 2.422(option inhibits the display of functio\ -n de\214nitions; only the function name and attrib)144 261.6 R 2.423 -(utes are)-.2 F 2.664(printed. If)144 273.6 R(the)2.664 E F2(extdeb) -2.664 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .164(shell option is enabled using)2.664 F F2(shopt) -2.664 E F0 2.664(,t)C .163(he source \214le name and line number)-2.664 -F 1.382(where the function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 285.6 -R(The)6.382 E F2<ad46>3.882 E F0 1.382(option implies)3.882 F F2<ad66> -3.882 E F0 6.382(.T)C 1.382(he follo)-6.382 F(wing)-.25 E .794 -(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 297.6 R .794 -(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 F -1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 309.6 Q(utes:)-.2 E F2 -<ad61>144 321.6 Q F0(Each)25.3 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5 -E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2<ad41>144 333.6 Q F0(Each) -23.08 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve) --.15 G(\).).15 E F2<ad66>144 345.6 Q F0(Use function names only)26.97 E -(.)-.65 E F2<ad69>144 357.6 Q F0 .557(The v)27.52 F .558 -(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558 -(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION \))180 369.6 Q F0 -(is performed when the v)2.25 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.) --.25 E F2<ad6c>144 381.6 Q F0 .91(When the v)27.52 F .909 -(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909 -(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer) --.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 393.6 R(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E -(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F2<ad72>144 405.6 Q F0(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F1 -(name)5.046 E F0 5.046(sr)C(eadonly)-5.046 E 7.546(.T)-.65 G 2.546 -(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.546 F 2.547 -(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 417.6 Q -F2<ad74>144 429.6 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F1 -(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F1(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E -2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F2(DEB)2.929 -E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F2(RETURN)2.929 E F0 -(traps from the calling shell.)180 441.6 Q(The trace attrib)5 E -(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F2<ad75>144 -453.6 Q F0 .909(When the v)24.74 F .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F -.909(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F --.15(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 465.6 R -(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F2<ad78> -144 477.6 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E -(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .121 -(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 494.4 R 2.621(ft)-.25 G .121 -(he attrib)-2.621 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .12 -(xceptions that)-.15 F F2(+a)2.62 E F0 .12(may not be used)2.62 F 1.236 -(to destro)144 506.4 R 3.736(ya)-.1 G 3.737(na)-3.736 G 1.237(rray v) --3.737 F 1.237(ariable and)-.25 F F2 1.237(+r will not r)3.737 F(emo) --.18 E 1.437 -.1(ve t)-.1 H 1.237(he r).1 F 1.237(eadonly attrib)-.18 F -3.737(ute. When)-.2 F 1.237(used in a)3.737 F .312(function, mak)144 -518.4 R .312(es each)-.1 F F1(name)2.812 E F2 .311 -(local, as with the local)2.812 F F0 2.811(command. If)2.811 F 2.811(av) -2.811 G .311(ariable name is follo)-3.061 F .311(wed by)-.25 F(=)144 -530.4 Q F1(value)A F0 3.238(,t)C .738(he v)-3.238 F .738(alue of the v) --.25 F .738(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(value)3.238 E F0 5.738(.T)C .738 -(he return v)-5.738 F .739(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G -.739(lid option is).25 F .603 -(encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using)144 542.4 -R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .603(\255f foo=bar)3.103 F F0 3.103(,a)C 3.103(na) --3.103 G .603(ttempt is made to)-3.103 F 1.242(assign a v)144 554.4 R -1.242(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F 1.242 -(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F 1.243 +-.35 E 1.382(where the function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 +84 R(The)6.382 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad46>3.882 E F0 1.382 +(option implies)3.882 F F1<ad66>3.882 E F0 6.382(.T)C 1.382(he follo) +-6.382 F(wing)-.25 E .793(options can be used to restrict output to v) +144 96 R .794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .794 +(ute or to gi)-.2 F 1.094 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 108 +Q(utes:)-.2 E F1<ad61>144 120 Q F0(Each)25.3 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 +E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1<ad41>144 132 Q F0(Each)23.08 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see) +-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad66>144 +144 Q F0(Use function names only)26.97 E(.)-.65 E F1<ad69>144 156 Q F0 +.558(The v)27.52 F .558(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558 +(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF .557(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E +(TION \))180 168 Q F0(is performed when the v)2.25 E +(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 180 Q F0 .909 +(When the v)27.52 F .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 +G .91(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 192 R(upper) +2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad72>144 204 Q F0 +(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C(eadonly)-5.047 E +7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F +2.546(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 216 +Q F1<ad74>144 228 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2 +(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E +2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 +E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0 +(traps from the calling shell.)180 240 Q(The trace attrib)5 E +(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 252 +Q F0 .91(When the v)24.74 F .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 264 R(lo) +2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78>144 +276 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E +(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .12 +(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 292.8 R 2.62(ft)-.25 G .12 +(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .121 +(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F +1.237(to destro)144 304.8 R 3.737(ya)-.1 G 3.737(na)-3.737 G 1.237 +(rray v)-3.737 F 1.237(ariable and)-.25 F F1 1.237(+r will not r)3.737 F +(emo)-.18 E 1.437 -.1(ve t)-.1 H 1.237(he r).1 F 1.237(eadonly attrib) +-.18 F 3.737(ute. When)-.2 F 1.236(used in a)3.737 F .311(function, mak) +144 316.8 R .311(es each)-.1 F F2(name)2.811 E F1 .311 +(local, as with the local)2.811 F F0 2.811(command. If)2.811 F 2.811(av) +2.811 G .312(ariable name is follo)-3.061 F .312(wed by)-.25 F(=)144 +328.8 Q F2(value)A F0 3.239(,t)C .739(he v)-3.239 F .739(alue of the v) +-.25 F .739(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.238 E F0 5.738(.T)C .738 +(he return v)-5.738 F .738(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G +.738(lid option is).25 F .603 +(encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using)144 340.8 +R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .603(\255f foo=bar)3.103 F F0 3.103(,a)C 3.103(na) +-3.103 G .604(ttempt is made to)-3.103 F 1.243(assign a v)144 352.8 R +1.243(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F 1.242 +(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F 1.242 (alue to an array v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E 1.386 -(without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 566.4 R F2 +(without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 364.8 R F1 (Arrays)3.886 E F0(abo)3.886 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.386(\), one of the).15 F -F1(names)3.886 E F0 1.386(is not a)3.886 F -.25(va)144 578.4 S .171 +F2(names)3.886 E F0 1.386(is not a)3.886 F -.25(va)144 376.8 S .172 (lid shell v).25 F .171(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 -F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .172 -(ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 590.4 R 3.46(fa) +F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .171 +(ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 388.8 R 3.46(fa) -.25 G .96(rray status for an array v)-3.46 F .96 -(ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 602.4 Q -(xistent function with)-.15 E F2<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(dirs [+)108 619.2 -Q F1(n)A F2 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F2 2.5(][)C(\255cplv])-2.5 E F0 --.4(Wi)144 631.2 S .328 +(ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 400.8 Q +(xistent function with)-.15 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(dirs [+)108 417.6 +Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C(\255cplv])-2.5 E F0 +-.4(Wi)144 429.6 S .329 (thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.) -.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 -(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 643.2 R 1.238 -(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F2(pushd)144 655.2 Q -F0(command; the)2.5 E F2(popd)2.5 E F0(command remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.5(se).15 G(ntries from the list.)-2.5 E F2(+)144 667.2 Q F1(n)A F0 -1.564(Displays the)25.3 F F1(n)4.064 E F0 1.565 -(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.565(wn by)-.25 F F2 -(dirs)4.065 E F0 1.565(when in)4.065 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 679.2 Q F2<ad>144 691.2 Q F1 -(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)25.3 F F1(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 +.4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 +(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 441.6 R 1.238 +(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 453.6 Q +F0(command; the)2.5 E F1(popd)2.5 E F0(command remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +2.5(se).15 G(ntries from the list.)-2.5 E F1(+)144 465.6 Q F2(n)A F0 +1.565(Displays the)25.3 F F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 +(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1 +(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +(without options, starting with zero.)180 477.6 Q F1<ad>144 489.6 Q F2 +(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)25.3 F F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 (th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F -F2(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 703.2 Q F2<ad63>144 715.2 Q F0 -(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)25.86 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(52)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 53 53 +F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +(without options, starting with zero.)180 501.6 Q F1<ad63>144 513.6 Q F0 +(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)25.86 E F1 +<ad6c>144 525.6 Q F0 .324(Produces a longer listing; the def)27.52 F +.324(ault listing format uses a tilde to denote the home direc-)-.1 F +(tory)180 537.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 549.6 Q F0 +(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)24.74 E F1<ad76>144 +561.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre\ +\214xing each entry with its inde)25.3 F 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773(nt)-2.773 +G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 573.6 Q .258(The return v)144 590.4 R .258 +(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 +(lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) +.15 F(tory stack.)144 602.4 Q F1(diso)108 619.2 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 631.2 S .295(thout options, each).4 F F2(jobspec) +4.535 E F0 .295(is remo)3.105 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.795(df).15 G .295 +(rom the table of acti)-2.795 F .595 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.795(obs. If).15 +F F2(jobspec)4.535 E F0 .295(is not present,)3.105 F .244(and neither) +144 643.2 R F1 .243(\255a nor \255r is supplied, the shell')2.744 F +2.743(sn)-.37 G .243(otion of the)-2.743 F F2(curr)2.743 E .243(ent job) +-.37 F F1 .243(is used.)2.743 F .243(If the \255h option)5.243 F .333 +(is gi)144 655.2 R -.1(ve)-.1 G .333(n, each).1 F F2(jobspec)4.574 E F0 +.334(is not remo)3.144 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.834(df).15 G .334 +(rom the table, b)-2.834 F .334(ut is mark)-.2 F .334(ed so that)-.1 F +F3(SIGHUP)2.834 E F0 .334(is not sent to)2.584 F 1.19 +(the job if the shell recei)144 667.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.689(sa).15 G F3 +(SIGHUP)A/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.189(If no)5.689 F F2(jobspec) +5.429 E F0 1.189(is present, and neither the)3.999 F F1<ad61>3.689 E F0 +1.189(nor the)3.689 F F1<ad72>3.689 E F0 1.569(option is supplied, the) +144 679.2 R F2(curr)4.069 E 1.569(ent job)-.37 F F0 1.569(is used.)4.069 +F 1.569(If no)6.569 F F2(jobspec)5.809 E F0 1.57(is supplied, the)4.38 F +F1<ad61>4.07 E F0 1.57(option means to)4.07 F(remo)144 691.2 Q .904 -.15 +(ve o)-.15 H 3.104(rm).15 G .604(ark all jobs; the)-3.104 F F1<ad72> +3.103 E F0 .603(option without a)3.103 F F2(jobspec)4.843 E F0(ar)3.413 +E .603(gument restricts operation to running)-.18 F 2.5(jobs. The)144 +703.2 R(return v)2.5 E(alue is 0 unless a)-.25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0 +(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 +Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(53)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 54 54 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>144 84 Q F0 .324 -(Produces a longer listing; the def)27.52 F .324 -(ault listing format uses a tilde to denote the home direc-)-.1 F(tory) -180 96 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 108 Q F0 -(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)24.74 E F1<ad76>144 -120 Q F0 .273(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre\ -\214xing each entry with its inde)25.3 F 2.772(xi)-.15 G 2.772(nt)-2.772 -G(he)-2.772 E(stack.)180 132 Q .257(The return v)144 148.8 R .258 -(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 -(lid option is supplied or).25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)2.758 E F0 -(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258 -(ond the end of the direc-).15 F(tory stack.)144 160.8 Q F1(diso)108 -177.6 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 189.6 S .295 -(thout options, each).4 F F2(jobspec)4.535 E F0 .295(is remo)3.105 F --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.795(df).15 G .295(rom the table of acti)-2.795 F .595 --.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.795(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.535 E F0 .295 -(is not present,)3.105 F .243(and neither)144 201.6 R F1 .243 -(\255a nor \255r is supplied, the shell')2.743 F 2.743(sn)-.37 G .243 -(otion of the)-2.743 F F2(curr)2.743 E .243(ent job)-.37 F F1 .243 -(is used.)2.743 F .244(If the \255h option)5.243 F .334(is gi)144 213.6 -R -.1(ve)-.1 G .334(n, each).1 F F2(jobspec)4.574 E F0 .334(is not remo) -3.144 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.834(df).15 G .334(rom the table, b)-2.834 F -.334(ut is mark)-.2 F .334(ed so that)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP) -2.834 E F0 .333(is not sent to)2.584 F 1.189(the job if the shell recei) -144 225.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.689(sa).15 G F3(SIGHUP)A/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 -SF(.)A F0 1.189(If no)5.689 F F2(jobspec)5.429 E F0 1.189 -(is present, and neither the)3.999 F F1<ad61>3.689 E F0 1.19(nor the) -3.69 F F1<ad72>3.69 E F0 1.57(option is supplied, the)144 237.6 R F2 -(curr)4.07 E 1.57(ent job)-.37 F F0 1.57(is used.)4.07 F 1.569(If no) -6.569 F F2(jobspec)5.809 E F0 1.569(is supplied, the)4.379 F F1<ad61> -4.069 E F0 1.569(option means to)4.069 F(remo)144 249.6 Q .903 -.15 -(ve o)-.15 H 3.103(rm).15 G .603(ark all jobs; the)-3.103 F F1<ad72> -3.103 E F0 .603(option without a)3.103 F F2(jobspec)4.843 E F0(ar)3.414 -E .604(gument restricts operation to running)-.18 F 2.5(jobs. The)144 -261.6 R(return v)2.5 E(alue is 0 unless a)-.25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0 -(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E F1(echo)108 278.4 Q -F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.395(Output the)144 290.4 R F2(ar)2.895 E(g)-.37 E F0 .395 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(echo)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 +2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .394 +(Output the)144 96 R F2(ar)2.894 E(g)-.37 E F0 .394 (s, separated by spaces, follo)B .395(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.895 -(wline. The)-.25 F .394(return status is al)2.895 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .394 -(ys 0.).1 F(If)5.394 E F1<ad6e>2.894 E F0 .548 -(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)144 302.4 R .548(wline is suppressed.) +(wline. The)-.25 F .395(return status is al)2.895 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .395 +(ys 0.).1 F(If)5.395 E F1<ad6e>2.895 E F0 .549 +(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)144 108 R .548(wline is suppressed.) -.25 F .548(If the)5.548 F F1<ad65>3.048 E F0 .548(option is gi)3.048 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .548(n, interpretation of the fol-).15 F(lo)144 314.4 Q -.053(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)5.053 E F1 -<ad45>2.553 E F0 .052(option disables the interpretation of these)2.552 -F 1.502(escape characters, e)144 326.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.002(no).15 G -4.002(ns)-4.002 G 1.502(ystems where the)-4.002 F 4.002(ya)-.15 G 1.502 -(re interpreted by def)-4.002 F 4.003(ault. The)-.1 F F1(xpg_echo)4.003 -E F0(shell)4.003 E .009 -(option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)144 338.4 R -F1(echo)2.509 E F0 -.15(ex)2.509 G .009(pands these escape characters) -.15 F .659(by def)144 350.4 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.659 E F0 .659 -(does not interpret)3.159 F F1<adad>3.159 E F0 .659 -(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.66 E F0 .66 -(interprets the follo)3.16 F(wing)-.25 E(escape sequences:)144 362.4 Q -F1(\\a)144 374.4 Q F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 386.4 Q F0 -(backspace)27.66 E F1(\\c)144 398.4 Q F0(suppress further output)28.78 E -F1(\\e)144 410.4 Q F0(an escape character)28.78 E F1(\\f)144 422.4 Q F0 -(form feed)29.89 E F1(\\n)144 434.4 Q F0(ne)27.66 E 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine) --2.5 E F1(\\r)144 446.4 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144 458.4 Q -F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F1(\\v)144 470.4 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G -(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144 482.4 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F1(\\0)144 -494.4 Q F2(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.22 E -(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0 -(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 506.4 Q F2(HH)A F0 -(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E(alue is the he)-.25 E -(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh) --.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1(enable)108 523.2 Q F0([)2.5 E -F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2 -(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278 -(Enable and disable b)144 535.2 R .278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278 -(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278 -(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833(the same name as a shell b)144 -547.2 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .834 -(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.334 -(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99(the shell normally searches for b)144 559.2 -R .989(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 -.989(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F 1.581 -(abled; otherwise,)144 571.2 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) +-.15(ve)-.25 G .548(n, interpretation of the fol-).15 F(lo)144 120 Q +.052(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)5.052 E F1 +<ad45>2.552 E F0 .053(option disables the interpretation of these)2.553 +F 1.503(escape characters, e)144 132 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.003(no).15 G +4.003(ns)-4.003 G 1.502(ystems where the)-4.003 F 4.002(ya)-.15 G 1.502 +(re interpreted by def)-4.002 F 4.002(ault. The)-.1 F F1(xpg_echo)4.002 +E F0(shell)4.002 E .009 +(option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)144 144 R F1 +(echo)2.509 E F0 -.15(ex)2.51 G .01(pands these escape characters).15 F +.66(by def)144 156 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.66 E F0 .66 +(does not interpret)3.16 F F1<adad>3.16 E F0 .659 +(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.659 E F0 .659 +(interprets the follo)3.159 F(wing)-.25 E(escape sequences:)144 168 Q F1 +(\\a)144 180 Q F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 192 Q F0(backspace) +27.66 E F1(\\c)144 204 Q F0(suppress further output)28.78 E F1(\\e)144 +216 Q F0(an escape character)28.78 E F1(\\f)144 228 Q F0(form feed)29.89 +E F1(\\n)144 240 Q F0(ne)27.66 E 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 252 +Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144 264 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E +F1(\\v)144 276 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144 288 Q +F0(backslash)30.44 E F1(\\0)144 300 Q F2(nnn)A F0 +(the eight-bit character whose v)13.22 E(alue is the octal v)-.25 E +(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1 +(\\x)144 312 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E +(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0 +(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1 +(enable)108 328.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 +E F0(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 340.8 R .278 +(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278 +(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .834 +(the same name as a shell b)144 352.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.333(nt).15 G(hough)-3.333 E .989 +(the shell normally searches for b)144 364.8 R .989 +(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .99 +(is used, each)3.49 F F2(name)3.49 E F0 .99(is dis-)3.49 F 1.582 +(abled; otherwise,)144 376.8 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) 4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F -F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F F3 -.666(PA)4.082 -G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 583.2 R .081(uiltin v) --.2 F .081(ersion, run)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .081(enable -n test) -2.581 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.58 E F0 .08 -(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 595.2 S 1.524 -(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.384 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F +F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 +SF -.666(PA)4.081 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .08(instead of the shell b)144 388.8 R +.08(uiltin v)-.2 F .08(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .081 +(enable -n test)2.58 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.581 E F0 .081 +(option means to load the ne)2.581 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 400.8 S 1.525 +(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.385 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524 -(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 607.2 Q F1<ad64> -2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F -.367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn) --5.366 G(o)-2.866 E F2(name)2.866 E F0(ar)2.866 E .366(guments are gi) --.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 619.2 R F1<ad70> -2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 +(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 412.8 Q F1<ad64> +2.866 E F0 .366(option will delete a b)2.866 F .366(uiltin pre)-.2 F +.366(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.867 E F0 5.367(.I)C 2.867(fn) +-5.367 G(o)-2.867 E F2(name)2.867 E F0(ar)2.867 E .367(guments are gi) +-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(n, or).15 F .399(if the)144 424.8 R F1<ad70> +2.899 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 (uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.399 G .399(th no other option ar).4 -F .399(guments, the)-.18 F .099(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 -631.2 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098 -(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .098(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F -(If)5.098 E F1<ad61>2.598 E F0 1.916 -(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 643.2 R 1.916 -(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879 -(enabled. If)144 655.2 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379 -(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.879 F F2(special) -2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.878 G 2.878(iltins. The).2 F .378(return v)2.878 F -(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 667.2 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994 -(is not a shell b)3.674 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) --.2 F 3.495(wb)-.25 G .995(uiltin from a shared)-3.695 F(object.)144 -679.2 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 696 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E -F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 708 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C .671 -(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F .67 -(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 720 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +F .398(guments, the)-.18 F .098(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 +436.8 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098 +(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .099(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F +(If)5.099 E F1<ad61>2.599 E F0 1.917 +(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 448.8 R 1.916 +(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.878 +(enabled. If)144 460.8 R F1<ad73>2.878 E F0 .379 +(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.878 F F2(special) +2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.879 G 2.879(iltins. The).2 F .379(return v)2.879 F +(alue)-.25 E .995(is 0 unless a)144 472.8 R F2(name)3.855 E F0 .994 +(is not a shell b)3.675 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) +-.2 F 3.494(wb)-.25 G .994(uiltin from a shared)-3.694 F(object.)144 +484.8 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 501.6 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 +E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 513.6 Q F2(ar)3.17 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671 +(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671 +(This command is then read)5.671 F .495(and e)144 525.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 (xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 (ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no) --2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(53)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 54 54 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(or only null ar)144 84 Q(guments,)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF --2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1(exec)108 100.8 Q F0 -([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +-2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 537.6 Q +(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1 +(exec)108 554.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2 (name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments) --.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 112.8 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306 -(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 -(wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E -(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 124.8 R .176 +-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 566.4 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305 +(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 +(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E +(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 578.4 R .177 (guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G (he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176 -(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177 -(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 136.8 R .5(gument passed to)-.18 -F F2(command)3 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2(lo)2.999 -E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F1<ad63>2.999 E F0 -.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 148.8 Q F0 .638 -(to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 +(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176 +(ginning of)-.15 F .499(the zeroth ar)144 590.4 R .499(gument passed to) +-.18 F F2(command)2.999 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2 +(lo)2.999 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.5 E F1<ad63>3 E F0 +.5(option causes)3 F F2(com-)3.2 E(mand)144 602.4 Q F0 .639(to be e) +3.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 (vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638 -(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the) -3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 160.8 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 +(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the) +3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 614.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a) -.15 F(non-interacti)144 172.8 Q .617 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .317(hell e).15 F -.317(xits, unless the shell option)-.15 F F1(execfail)2.817 E F0 .318 +.15 F(non-interacti)144 626.4 Q .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318(hell e).15 F +.318(xits, unless the shell option)-.15 F F1(execfail)2.817 E F0 .317 (is enabled, in which case it returns f)2.817 F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505 -(ure. An)144 184.8 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005 +(ure. An)144 638.4 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005 (hell returns f).15 F .005(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If).15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005 -(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 196.8 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536 -(edirections tak)-3.036 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536 +(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 650.4 Q 3.037(yr)-.15 G .537 +(edirections tak)-3.037 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536 (ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536 -(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 208.8 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G -(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 225.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -6.29(]C)C .096(ause the shell to e)-6.29 F .096(xit with a status of) --.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095 -(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command) --.15 F -.15(exe)144 237.6 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 254.4 Q F0([)2.5 -E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E -F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 266.4 Q F0 .256(The supplied)144 278.4 R -F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F -.257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627(commands. If)144 290.4 R(the)2.627 E F1 -<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the) +(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 662.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G +(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 679.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +6.29(]C)C .095(ause the shell to e)-6.29 F .095(xit with a status of) +-.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096 +(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command) +-.15 F -.15(exe)144 691.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5 +E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E +(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(54)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 55 55 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(export)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 +2.5(][).833 G/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d) +-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 96 Q F0 .257(The supplied)144 108 +R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 +F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626(commands. If)144 120 R(the)2.626 E F1 +<ad66>2.626 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the) .15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no) -5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126 -(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 302.4 Q F0 .659 -(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)3.159 F .66 -(xported in this shell is printed.)-.15 F(The)5.66 E F1<ad6e>3.16 E F0 -(option)3.16 E 1.587(causes the e)144 314.4 R 1.587 +5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127 +(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 132 Q F0 .66 +(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)3.16 F .659 +(xported in this shell is printed.)-.15 F(The)5.659 E F1<ad6e>3.159 E F0 +(option)3.159 E 1.586(causes the e)144 144 R 1.586 (xport property to be remo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.086(df).15 G 1.586 (rom each)-4.086 F F2(name)4.086 E F0 6.586(.I)C 4.086(fav)-6.586 G -1.586(ariable name is follo)-4.336 F 1.586(wed by)-.25 F(=)144 326.4 Q -F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.803(,t)C .303(he v)-2.803 F .303(alue of the v) --.25 F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 -(export)5.304 E F0 .304(returns an e)2.804 F .304 -(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .294 -(option is encountered, one of the)144 338.4 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293 +1.587(ariable name is follo)-4.336 F 1.587(wed by)-.25 F(=)144 156 Q F2 +(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.804(,t)C .304(he v)-2.804 F .304(alue of the v)-.25 +F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 +(export)5.304 E F0 .304(returns an e)2.804 F .303 +(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .293 +(option is encountered, one of the)144 168 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293 (is not a v)2.793 F .293(alid shell v)-.25 F .293(ariable name, or)-.25 -F F1<ad66>2.793 E F0 .293(is supplied with a)2.793 F F2(name)144.36 -350.4 Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 367.2 Q F0([)2.5 E -F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +F F1<ad66>2.793 E F0 .294(is supplied with a)2.793 F F2(name)144.36 180 +Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 196.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 <8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108 -379.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .477(Fix Command.)144 391.2 R .478 -(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.477 F F2<8c72>4.888 E -(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.658 E F2(last)3.068 E F0 .478 -(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 403.2 R F2 -.45 -(Fi)5.882 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.062 E F2(last)3.472 E F0 .882 +208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .478(Fix Command.)144 220.8 R .478 +(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.478 F F2<8c72>4.888 E +(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.658 E F2(last)3.068 E F0 .477 +(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .881(tory list.)144 232.8 R F2 -.45 +(Fi)5.881 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.061 E F2(last)3.471 E F0 .882 (may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command be)4.062 F -.881(ginning with)-.15 F .797(that string\) or as a number \(an inde)144 -415.2 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.097 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .797(umber is used as an) -.15 F(of)144 427.2 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F -(If)5.277 E F2(last)2.867 E F0 .276 -(is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.457 F .092 -(for listing \(so that)144 439.2 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .092 +.882(ginning with)-.15 F .797(that string\) or as a number \(an inde)144 +244.8 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.097 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .796(umber is used as an) +.15 F(of)144 256.8 Q .276(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F +(If)5.276 E F2(last)2.866 E F0 .277 +(is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.456 F .093 +(for listing \(so that)144 268.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .092 (fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0 .092(prints the last 10 commands\) and to) 2.592 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72> -4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .093(is not)3.273 F -(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 451.2 Q -(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 475.2 +4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .092(is not)3.272 F +(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 280.8 Q +(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 304.8 Q F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022 (option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E F1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022 -(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 487.2 R .438(If the) +(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 316.8 R .438(If the) 5.438 F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 (n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E -.335(the editor gi)144 499.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E -F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835 +.334(the editor gi)144 328.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E +F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835 (do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 -F(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 511.2 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E -F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 -F F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631 -(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144 523.2 R .951 -(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)5.117 E F0 .951(is used.)5.117 F .95 -(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 F --.15(exe)144 535.2 S(cuted.).15 E .039(In the second form,)144 559.2 R -F2(command)2.539 E F0 .039(is re-e)2.539 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .039 -(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)2.54 E F0 .04(is replaced by) -2.54 F F2 -.37(re)2.54 G(p).37 E F0 5.04(.A)C(useful)-2.5 E .406 -(alias to use with this is)144 571.2 R F4 .406(r='fc \255s')2.906 F F0 -2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)-2.906 F F4 6.406(rc)2.906 -G(c)-6.406 E F0 .406(runs the last command be)2.906 F .406(ginning with) --.15 F F4(cc)144 583.2 Q F0(and typing)2.5 E F4(r)2.5 E F0(re-e)2.5 E --.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes the last command.).15 E .142 -(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 607.2 R .142 +F(If)5.335 E F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 340.8 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631 +(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR) +-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63(is not set.)2.88 F .63 +(If nei-)5.63 F .95(ther v)144 352.8 R .95(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi) +5.116 E F0 .95(is used.)5.116 F .951 +(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.95 F +-.15(exe)144 364.8 S(cuted.).15 E .04(In the second form,)144 388.8 R F2 +(command)2.54 E F0 .04(is re-e)2.54 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .039 +(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)2.539 E F0 .039 +(is replaced by)2.539 F F2 -.37(re)2.539 G(p).37 E F0 5.039(.A)C(useful) +-2.5 E .406(alias to use with this is)144 400.8 R F3 .406(r='fc \255s') +2.906 F F0 2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)-2.906 F F3 +6.406(rc)2.906 G(c)-6.406 E F0 .406(runs the last command be)2.906 F +.407(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)144 412.8 Q F0(and typing)2.5 E F3(r)2.5 +E F0(re-e)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes the last command.).15 E .142 +(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 436.8 R .142 (alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 (lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 -E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 619.2 +E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 448.8 R .454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454 -(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454 -(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 631.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787 -(cuted or f).15 F .788 +(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455 +(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 460.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 +(cuted or f).15 F .787 (ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F -.788(If the)5.788 F 1.136 +.787(If the)5.787 F 1.135 (second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144 -643.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135 -(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 655.2 Q +472.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 +(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 484.8 Q (alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E -(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)144 -684 Q F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413 +(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 501.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) +144 513.6 Q F2(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413 (ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413 (he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 -1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 696 Q 3.117(sn)-.55 G .617 -(otion of the)-3.117 F F2(curr)3.117 E .617(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 -(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616 -(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 708 Q .362 -(ground, or f)-.15 F .362(ailure if run when job control is disabled or) --.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F -F2(jobspec)145.74 720 Q F0 .004(does not specify a v)2.815 F .004 -(alid job or)-.25 F F2(jobspec)4.244 E F0 .004(speci\214es a job that w) -2.814 F .004(as started without job control.)-.1 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(54)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 55 55 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 525.6 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G +.616(otion of the)-3.116 F F2(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 +(is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617 +(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 537.6 Q +.363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363 +(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362 +(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 549.6 Q +F0 .004(does not specify a v)2.814 F .004(alid job or)-.25 F F2(jobspec) +4.244 E F0 .004(speci\214es a job that w)2.814 F .004 +(as started without job control.)-.1 F F1(getopts)108 566.4 Q F2 (optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144 -96 Q F0 .793 -(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F2 -(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15 -(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 108 R .149 -(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449 --.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 120 Q .578 -(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579 +578.4 Q F0 .793 +(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F2 +(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149 +(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 590.4 R .15 +(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .15(xpected to ha)-.15 F .45 +-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 602.4 Q .579 +(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578 (The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665 -(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 132 R 1.665 +(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 614.4 R 1.665 (Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F1(getopts) -4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .796 -(option in the shell v)144 144 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.296 E F0 3.296 -(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797(if it does not e) -3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G 3.297(ft)-3.297 G -.797(he ne)-3.297 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 156 Q .085 -(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND) -4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .845 -(or a shell script is in)144 168 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 +4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .797 +(option in the shell v)144 626.4 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.297 E F0 +3.297(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.297 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797 +(if it does not e)3.477 F .796(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.296(xo)-.15 G +3.296(ft)-3.296 G .796(he ne)-3.296 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 638.4 Q .085 +(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTIND)2.585 +E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F4(OPTIND)4.585 E F0 .085 +(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .846 +(or a shell script is in)144 650.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 (d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F1 -(getopts)3.346 E F0 .846(places that ar)3.346 F(gument)-.18 E .804 -(into the v)144 180 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0 -.803(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F3(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .803 -(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293 -(reset between multiple calls to)144 192 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 +(getopts)3.345 E F0 .845(places that ar)3.345 F(gument)-.18 E .803 +(into the v)144 662.4 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.303 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A +F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.303 F F4(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .804 +(automatically; it must be manually)3.054 F .294 +(reset between multiple calls to)144 674.4 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 (within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F -2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 204 Q -2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 228 R F1(getopts)4.543 -E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043 -(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F1(OPTIND)144 240 Q F0 +2.793(ws)-.25 G .293(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 686.4 +Q 2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 710.4 R F1(getopts) +4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044 +(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F1(OPTIND)144 722.4 Q F0 (is set to the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G (he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 264 Q F0 2.392 -(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392 -(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893 -(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E F2(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144 -276 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 300 Q F0 1.166 -(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F -1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.165 -(is a colon,)3.885 F F2(silent)4.005 E F0(error)4.345 E 1.263 -(reporting is used.)144 312 R 1.263 +(is set to ?.)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(55) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 56 56 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)144 84 Q F0 2.393 +(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392 +(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892 +(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,) +.27 E F1(getopts)144 96 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 +120 Q F0 1.165(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665 +(ays. If)-3.765 F 1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring) +3.895 E F0 1.166(is a colon,)3.886 F F2(silent)4.006 E F0(error)4.346 E +1.264(reporting is used.)144 132 R 1.263 (In normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.263 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.263(lid options or).25 F .394(missing option ar)144 324 -R .394(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable) --.25 E F3(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F -(will be displayed, e)144 336 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 -G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.) -2.72 E .666(If an in)144 360 R -.25(va)-.4 G .666(lid option is seen,) -.25 F F1(getopts)3.166 E F0 .667(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E -F0 .667(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .4 -(and unsets)144 372 R F3(OPT)2.9 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F1 -(getopts)2.899 E F0 .399 +-.25(va)-.4 G 1.263(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144 144 +R .393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable) +-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 +(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 156 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E +F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .667(If an in)144 180 R +-.25(va)-.4 G .667(lid option is seen,).25 F F1(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667 +(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E F0 .666 +(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399(and unsets)144 +192 R F3(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.899 E +F1(getopts)2.899 E F0 .399 (is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3(OPT)2.899 -E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .399(and no)2.649 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144 -384 Q 1.241(If a required ar)144 408 R 1.241(gument is not found, and) --.18 F F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \() -3.741 F F1(?).833 E F0 3.742(\)i).833 G 3.742(sp)-3.742 G 1.242 -(laced in)-3.742 F F2(name)144 420 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.735 E(ARG)-.81 -E F0 .234(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.485 F(If) -5.234 E F1(getopts)2.734 E F0 .234(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1 -(:).833 E F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 432 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 -E F3(OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 -E F1(getopts)144 456 Q F0 .902 +E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144 204 +Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 228 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F +F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1 +(?).833 E F0 3.741(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F +F2(name)144 240 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.734 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 +(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.484 F(If)5.234 E F1 +(getopts)2.734 E F0 .235(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1(:).833 E +F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 252 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3(OPT) +2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F1 +(getopts)144 276 Q F0 .902 (returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.) -3.401 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .902(alse if the end of)-.1 F -(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 468 Q F1(hash)108 484.8 +3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F +(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 288 Q F1(hash)108 304.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A -.15(Fo) -144 496.8 S 3.555(re).15 G(ach)-3.555 E F2(name)3.555 E F0 3.555(,t).18 +144 316.8 S 3.554(re).15 G(ach)-3.554 E F2(name)3.554 E F0 3.554(,t).18 G 1.054(he full \214le name of the command is determined by searching t\ -he directories in)-3.555 F F1($P)144 508.8 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 -.349(and remembered.)2.849 F .349(If the)5.349 F F1<ad70>2.849 E F0 .349 +he directories in)-3.554 F F1($P)144 328.8 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 +.35(and remembered.)2.85 F .35(If the)5.35 F F1<ad70>2.85 E F0 .349 (option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.849 F F2 -(\214lename)4.76 E F0 .452 -(is used as the full \214le name of the command.)144 520.8 R(The)5.452 E -F1<ad72>2.952 E F0 .452(option causes the shell to for)2.952 F .452 -(get all remem-)-.18 F .592(bered locations.)144 532.8 R(The)5.592 E F1 -<ad64>3.092 E F0 .593(option causes the shell to for)3.092 F .593 -(get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)3.093 E F0(.)A .021 -(If the)144 544.8 R F1<ad74>2.521 E F0 .021 -(option is supplied, the full pathname to which each)2.521 F F2(name) -2.52 E F0 .02(corresponds is printed.)2.52 F .02(If multi-)5.02 F(ple) -144 556.8 Q F2(name)3.703 E F0(ar)3.703 E 1.203 +(\214lename)4.759 E F0 .452 +(is used as the full \214le name of the command.)144 340.8 R(The)5.452 E +F1<ad72>2.952 E F0 .452(option causes the shell to for)2.952 F .453 +(get all remem-)-.18 F .593(bered locations.)144 352.8 R(The)5.593 E F1 +<ad64>3.093 E F0 .593(option causes the shell to for)3.093 F .592 +(get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)3.092 E F0(.)A .02 +(If the)144 364.8 R F1<ad74>2.52 E F0 .02 +(option is supplied, the full pathname to which each)2.52 F F2(name) +2.521 E F0 .021(corresponds is printed.)2.521 F .021(If multi-)5.021 F +(ple)144 376.8 Q F2(name)3.704 E F0(ar)3.704 E 1.204 (guments are supplied with)-.18 F F1<ad74>3.703 E F0 3.703(,t)C(he) --3.703 E F2(name)3.703 E F0 1.204 -(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.703 F(The)144 568.8 Q F1 -<ad6c>3.216 E F0 .715(option causes output to be displayed in a format \ -that may be reused as input.)3.216 F .715(If no ar)5.715 F(gu-)-.18 E -1.183(ments are gi)144 580.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.183(n, or if only).15 F -F1<ad6c>3.683 E F0 1.184 +-3.703 E F2(name)3.703 E F0 1.203 +(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.703 F(The)144 388.8 Q F1 +<ad6c>3.215 E F0 .715(option causes output to be displayed in a format \ +that may be reused as input.)3.215 F .716(If no ar)5.716 F(gu-)-.18 E +1.184(ments are gi)144 400.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.184(n, or if only).15 F +F1<ad6c>3.684 E F0 1.183 (is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)3.684 F -(The return status is true unless a)144 592.8 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0 +(The return status is true unless a)144 412.8 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0 (is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.).25 -E F1(help)108 609.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(pattern) --2.5 E F0(])A .867(Display helpful information about b)144 621.6 R .867 -(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 .866 -(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .306(help on all commands matching)144 -633.6 R F2(pattern)2.806 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 -(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .307 -(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 645.6 Q F1 -<ad64>144 657.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)24.74 E F2 -(pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 669.6 Q F0(Display the description of each) +E F1(help)108 429.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(pattern) +-2.5 E F0(])A .866(Display helpful information about b)144 441.6 R .867 +(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 .867 +(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.367 E F0(gi)3.367 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .307(help on all commands matching)144 +453.6 R F2(pattern)2.807 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 +(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .306 +(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 465.6 Q F1 +<ad64>144 477.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)24.74 E F2 +(pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 489.6 Q F0(Display the description of each) 21.97 E F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G(ormat) --2.5 E F1<ad73>144 681.6 Q F0 +-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 501.6 Q F0 (Display only a short usage synopsis for each)26.41 E F2(pattern)2.5 E -F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)108 693.6 Q F2 -(pattern)2.5 E F0(.).24 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E -(55)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 56 56 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(history [)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(n)A F1(])A(history \255c)108 96 Q(history \255d)108 108 Q F2(of)2.5 E -(fset)-.18 E F1(history \255anrw)108 120 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0 -(])A F1(history \255p)108 132 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A -2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 144 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 156 -S .752 +F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)108 513.6 Q F2 +(pattern)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1(history [)108 530.4 Q F2(n)A F1(])A +(history \255c)108 542.4 Q(history \255d)108 554.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset) +-.18 E F1(history \255anrw)108 566.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A +F1(history \255p)108 578.4 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5 +(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 590.4 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g) +-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 +602.4 S .752 (th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F -.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G 1.23(been modi\214ed.)144 168 R 1.23(An ar)6.23 F 1.23(gument of)-.18 -F F2(n)4.09 E F0 1.231(lists only the last)3.97 F F2(n)4.091 E F0 3.731 -(lines. If)3.971 F 1.231(the shell v)3.731 F(ariable)-.25 E F1 -(HISTTIME-)3.731 E(FORMA)144 180 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .25 -(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.75 F F2 -(strftime)2.749 E F0 .249(\(3\) to display the time stamp)B .378 -(associated with each displayed history entry)144 192 R 5.378(.N)-.65 G -2.878(oi)-5.378 G(nterv)-2.878 E .379 -(ening blank is printed between the format-)-.15 F .815 -(ted time stamp and the history line.)144 204 R(If)5.814 E F2 +.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.252 E F0(ha)3.252 E -.15(ve)-.2 +G 1.231(been modi\214ed.)144 614.4 R 1.231(An ar)6.231 F 1.231 +(gument of)-.18 F F2(n)4.091 E F0 1.231(lists only the last)3.971 F F2 +(n)4.091 E F0 3.73(lines. If)3.97 F 1.23(the shell v)3.73 F(ariable)-.25 +E F1(HISTTIME-)3.73 E(FORMA)144 626.4 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .249 +(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.749 F F2 +(strftime)2.75 E F0 .25(\(3\) to display the time stamp)B .379 +(associated with each displayed history entry)144 638.4 R 5.379(.N)-.65 +G 2.878(oi)-5.379 G(nterv)-2.878 E .378 +(ening blank is printed between the format-)-.15 F .814 +(ted time stamp and the history line.)144 650.4 R(If)5.814 E F2 (\214lename)3.314 E F0 .814 (is supplied, it is used as the name of the history)3.314 F -(\214le; if not, the v)144 216 Q(alue of)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.)2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 228 Q F0 +(\214le; if not, the v)144 662.4 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0 +(is used.)2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 674.4 Q F0 (Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)25.86 E F1<ad64>144 -240 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position) -180 252 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 264 Q F0 .598 -(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.098('h)-.74 G .598 -(istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.098 F .599 -(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 276 Q F0 -(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 288 Q F0 .854(Read \ -the history lines not already read from the history \214le into the cur\ -rent history list.)24.74 F .772 -(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 300 R -.773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E -(sion.)180 312 Q F1<ad72>144 324 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \ +686.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position) +180 698.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 710.4 Q F0 .599 +(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.099('h)-.74 G .598 +(istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.099 F .598 +(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 722.4 Q F0 +(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(56)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 57 57 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6e>144 84 Q F0 .854(Read the history lin\ +es not already read from the history \214le into the current history li\ +st.)24.74 F .773 +(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 96 R +.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E +(sion.)180 108 Q F1<ad72>144 120 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \ \214le and use them as the current history)25.86 E(.)-.65 E F1<ad77>144 -336 Q F0(Write the current history to the history \214le, o)23.08 E -.15 +132 Q F0(Write the current history to the history \214le, o)23.08 E -.15 (ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(ontents.) --2.5 E F1<ad70>144 348 Q F0 .626 -(Perform history substitution on the follo)24.74 F(wing)-.25 E F2(ar) -3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F -2.975(output. Does)180 360 R .475 -(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F2(ar) -2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F -(normal history e)180 372 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 384 Q F0 .363 -(Store the)26.41 F F2(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 -(in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362 -(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 396 Q -.15(ve) +-2.5 E F1<ad70>144 144 Q F0 .625 +(Perform history substitution on the follo)24.74 F(wing)-.25 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626 +(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F 2.975(output. Does)180 +156 R .475(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 +E F2(ar)2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F +(normal history e)180 168 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 180 Q F0 .362 +(Store the)26.41 F F2(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 +(in the history list as a single entry)3.132 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .363 +(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 192 Q -.15(ve) -.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 -(are added.)2.77 E .28(If the)144 412.8 R F1(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.78 E(T)-.95 +(are added.)2.77 E .28(If the)144 208.8 R F1(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.78 E(T)-.95 E F0 .28 (is set, the time stamp information associated with each history entry) -2.78 F .54(is written to the history \214le, mark)144 424.8 R .539 -(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.539(.W)-.55 G .539 -(hen the history \214le is)-5.539 F 1.778(read, lines be)144 436.8 R -1.778(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.779 +2.78 F .539(is written to the history \214le, mark)144 220.8 R .539 +(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.54(.W)-.55 G .54 +(hen the history \214le is)-5.54 F 1.779(read, lines be)144 232.8 R +1.779(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.778 (wed immediately by a digit are)-.25 F 1.424 -(interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 448.8 R 1.424 +(interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 244.8 R 1.424 (vious history line.)-.25 F 1.424(The return v)6.424 F 1.424 (alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .499(option is e\ ncountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the history \214le\ -, an in)144 460.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)3 E(fset)-.18 E F0(is) -3 E(supplied as an ar)144 472.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0 2.5 -(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 -E(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad70>2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 -489.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 -E F1(jobs \255x)108 501.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs) --.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 513.6 Q .3 --.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 525.6 Q F0 +, an in)144 256.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)2.999 E(fset)-.18 E F0 +(is)2.999 E(supplied as an ar)144 268.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E +F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E +(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 E(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad70>2.5 E F0 -.1 +(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 285.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5 +(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F1(jobs \255x)108 297.6 Q F2(command) +2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E +(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 309.6 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5 +(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 321.6 Q F0 (List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)27.52 E F1 -<ad70>144 537.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5 -(sp)-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 549.6 Q F0 -.194(Display information only about jobs that ha)24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c) --.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F -(\214ed of their status.)180 561.6 Q F1<ad72>144 573.6 Q F0 -(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 585.6 Q F0 -(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 602.4 Q F2(jobspec) -4.553 E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 -(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T) --.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 614.4 Q -.25 +<ad70>144 333.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5 +(sp)-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 345.6 Q F0 +.193(Display information only about jobs that ha)24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c) +-.2 H .194(hanged status since the user w).15 F .194(as last noti-)-.1 F +(\214ed of their status.)180 357.6 Q F1<ad72>144 369.6 Q F0 +(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 381.6 Q F0 +(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 398.4 Q F2(jobspec) +4.554 E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314 +(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T) +-.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 410.4 Q -.25 (va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 -E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 631.2 R F1 -<ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0 +E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 427.2 R F1 +<ad78>2.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0 .394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in) -3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394 -(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 643.2 Q +3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .395 +(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 439.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar) 2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E -F1(kill)108 660 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1 +F1(kill)108 456 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1 <ad6e>2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1<ad>2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5 (][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1 -(kill \255l)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 684 R F2 -(sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E F2(signum)2.959 E F0 .119 -(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.87 E F0(or)3.39 E F2 -(jobspec)2.62 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.46 E F0(is)2.93 E .319 -(either a case-insensiti)144 696 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319 -(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318 -(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318 -(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 708 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0 -1.349(is a signal number)4.168 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec) +(kill \255l)108 468 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G +(it_status).2 E F0(])A .12(Send the signal named by)144 480 R F2 +(sigspec)2.96 E F0(or)2.93 E F2(signum)2.96 E F0 .119 +(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.869 E F0(or)3.389 E F2 +(jobspec)2.619 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.459 E F0(is)2.929 E .318 +(either a case-insensiti)144 492 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318 +(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 .319 +(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319 +(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 504 Q F2(signum)4.189 E F0 +1.349(is a signal number)4.169 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec) 4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F3(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0 -1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 720 Q .523(gument of)-.18 F +1.348(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.348 E(ar)144 516 Q .522(gument of)-.18 F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)5.523 F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when).18 F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523(n, the names) -.15 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(56)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 57 57 +.15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 528 R .28 +(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E F2 +-.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 540 Q .377(gument to)-.18 F F1 +<ad6c>2.877 E F0 .378 +(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.877 F .378 +(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .594(nated by a signal.)144 552 R +F1(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F +.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .593(alse if an error)-.1 F +(occurs or an in)144 564 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 +E F1(let)108 580.8 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Each)144 592.8 Q F2(ar)3.964 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.134 +(is an arithmetic e)3.854 F 1.134(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 +G 1.135(luated \(see).25 F F3 1.135(ARITHMETIC EV)3.635 F(ALU)-1.215 E +-.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F0 1.135(If the) +5.635 F(last)144 604.8 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G +(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.) +2.5 E F1(local)108 621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name) +-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 633.6 S +2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06 +(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned) +2.74 F F2(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)-5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0 +.06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 645.6 Q 3.152(yo)-.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652 +(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F1(declar)3.152 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W) +C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .653 +(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 +657.6 Q F2(name)3.721 E F0 .861(to ha)3.541 F 1.161 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H +.861(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F +-.4(Wi)5.86 G .86(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)144 669.6 Q F0 1.164 +(writes a list of local v)3.664 F 1.165 +(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use) +6.165 F F1(local)3.665 E F0 1.165(when not)3.665 F .233 +(within a function.)144 681.6 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.233 +F F1(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F +-.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)3.092 E F0(is)2.912 E(supplied, or)144 +693.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 +(logout)108 710.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q +(2009 August 17)142.065 E(57)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 58 58 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 84 R .28 -(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 96 Q .378 -(gument to)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378 -(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.878 F .377 -(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .593(nated by a signal.)144 108 R -F2(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F -.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .594(alse if an error)-.1 F -(occurs or an in)144 120 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 -E F2(let)108 136.8 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Each)144 148.8 Q F1(ar)3.965 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.135 -(is an arithmetic e)3.855 F 1.134(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 -G 1.134(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.134(ARITHMETIC EV) -3.634 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(\).)A F0 1.134(If the)5.634 F(last)144 160.8 Q F1(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 --.25(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F2(let)2.5 E F0 -(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F2(local)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 -E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 189.6 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06 -(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 .06 -(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F1(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he) --5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 201.6 Q 3.153(yo) --.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F2(declar) -3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .652 -(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 -213.6 Q F1(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861 -(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -.4 -(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F2(local)144 225.6 Q F0 1.165 -(writes a list of local v)3.665 F 1.165 -(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use) -6.165 F F2(local)3.664 E F0 1.164(when not)3.664 F .232 -(within a function.)144 237.6 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232 -F F2(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F --.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)3.093 E F0(is)2.913 E(supplied, or)144 -249.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2 -(logout)108 266.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F2(map\214le)108 283.2 -Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1 -(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43> --2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum) -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F2 -.18(re)108 295.2 S -(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f> --2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1 -(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A 1.006 -(Read lines from the standard input into array v)144 307.2 R(ariable) --.25 E F1(arr)3.506 E(ay)-.15 E F0 3.506(,o).32 G 3.506(rf)-3.506 G -1.006(rom \214le descriptor)-3.506 F F1(fd)3.506 E F0 1.005(if the)3.506 -F F2<ad75>3.505 E F0 1.086(option is supplied.)144 319.2 R 1.086(The v) -6.086 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(MAPFILE)3.586 E F0 1.086(is the def)3.586 F -(ault)-.1 E F1(arr)3.587 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.087(.O)C 1.087 -(ptions, if supplied, ha)-6.087 F 1.387 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E(follo) -144 331.2 Q(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6e>144 343.2 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5 -(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F1(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 -F F1(count)2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F2<ad4f>144 355.2 -Q F0(Be)22.52 E(gin assigning to)-.15 E F1(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(at inde)2.82 E(x)-.15 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E -(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F2<ad73>144 367.2 -Q F0(Discard the \214rst)26.41 E F1(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F2 -<ad74>144 379.2 Q F0(Remo)26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H -(railing line from each line read.).15 E F2<ad75>144 391.2 Q F0 -(Read lines from \214le descriptor)24.74 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 -(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F2<ad43>144 403.2 Q F0(Ev)23.08 E -(aluate)-.25 E F1(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F1(quantum) -2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F2<ad63>2.5 E F0 -(option speci\214es)2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F2<ad63>144 415.2 -Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)25.86 E F1 -(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 432 Q F2<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 -(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F2<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 -(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F1 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(map\214le)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A/F2 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 +E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2 +(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 +2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re)108 96 S(adarray).18 +E F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2 +(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 +<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43> +-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A 1.006 +(Read lines from the standard input into array v)144 108 R(ariable)-.25 +E F2(arr)3.506 E(ay)-.15 E F0 3.506(,o).32 G 3.506(rf)-3.506 G 1.006 +(rom \214le descriptor)-3.506 F F2(fd)3.506 E F0 1.006(if the)3.506 F F1 +<ad75>3.506 E F0 1.087(option is supplied.)144 120 R 1.087(The v)6.087 F +(ariable)-.25 E F1(MAPFILE)3.587 E F0 1.086(is the def)3.587 F(ault)-.1 +E F2(arr)3.586 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.086(.O)C 1.086(ptions, if supplied, ha) +-6.086 F 1.386 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E(follo)144 132 Q(wing meanings:) +-.25 E F1<ad6e>144 144 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost) +-2.5 E F2(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F2(count)2.5 E F0 +(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1<ad4f>144 156 Q F0(Be)22.52 E +(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x) +-.15 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi) +-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 168 Q F0(Discard the \214rst) +26.41 E F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1<ad74>144 180 Q F0(Remo) +26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing line from each line read.).15 E F1 +<ad75>144 192 Q F0(Read lines from \214le descriptor)24.74 E F2(fd)2.5 E +F0(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 204 Q F0(Ev)23.08 E +(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2(quantum) +2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0 +(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 216 Q +F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)25.86 E F2 +(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 232.8 Q F1<ad43>2.967 E F0 .467 +(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 +(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 (callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 -(luated, it is sup-).25 F 1.22(plied the inde)144 444 R 3.72(xo)-.15 G +(luated, it is sup-).25 F 1.22(plied the inde)144 244.8 R 3.72(xo)-.15 G 3.72(ft)-3.72 G 1.22(he ne)-3.72 F 1.22 (xt array element to be assigned as an additional ar)-.15 F(gument.)-.18 -E F1(callbac)6.22 E(k)-.2 E F0(is)3.72 E -.25(eva)144 456 S +E F2(callbac)6.22 E(k)-.2 E F0(is)3.72 E -.25(eva)144 256.8 S (luated after the line is read b).25 E (ut before the array element is assigned.)-.2 E -(If not supplied with an e)144 472.8 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F2 -(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F2(map\214le)144 489.6 Q F0 .996 -(returns successfully unless an in)3.496 F -.25(va)-.4 G .996 -(lid option or option ar).25 F .995(gument is supplied, or)-.18 F F1 -(arr)3.495 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)3.495 E(in)144 501.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid or unassignable.).25 E F2(popd)108 518.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 -530.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(se).15 G .299 -(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar) -.4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G .3 -(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.479(stack, and performs a)144 -542.4 R F2(cd)3.979 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.979 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 -(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.478 -(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.778 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.478(he follo).15 -F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 554.4 Q F2<ad6e>144 566.4 Q F0 .551 -(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F .551 -(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F -(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 578.4 Q F2(+)144 590.4 Q F1(n)A -F0(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F1(n)2.64 E F0 +(If not supplied with an e)144 273.6 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 +(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 290.4 Q F0 .995 +(returns successfully unless an in)3.495 F -.25(va)-.4 G .996 +(lid option or option ar).25 F .996(gument is supplied, or)-.18 F F2 +(arr)3.496 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)3.496 E(in)144 302.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +(lid or unassignable.).25 E F1(popd)108 319.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 +2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 +331.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se).15 G .3(ntries from the directory stack.) +-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G .299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478 +(stack, and performs a)144 343.2 R F1(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne) +3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18 +(rg)-6.479 G 1.479(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +1.479(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 355.2 Q F1<ad6e>144 367.2 +Q F0 .551(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F +.551(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F +(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 379.2 Q F1(+)144 391.2 Q F2(n)A +F0(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E F0 .14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F -F2(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 -602.4 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 +F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 +403.2 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,) --.65 E F5(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F2<ad>144 614.4 Q F1(n)A F0 -(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)-3.759 E F1(n)3.759 E F0 -1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by)-.25 -F F2(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5(zero. F)180 -626.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F5(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F5(popd -1)2.5 -E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .644(If the)144 643.2 R F2(popd) -3.144 E F0 .644(command is successful, a)3.144 F F2(dirs)3.143 E F0 .643 -(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 F F2(popd)5.643 -E F0 .415(returns f)144 655.2 R .415(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G -.415(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.916 -(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.916 E .416(xistent direc-)-.15 F -(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 667.2 Q -(ails.)-.1 E F2(printf)108 684 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad76>A F1(var)2.5 E F0(]) -A F1(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .372 -(Write the formatted)144 696 R F1(ar)2.872 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .372 -(to the standard output under the control of the)2.872 F F1(format)2.872 -E F0 5.372(.T)C(he)-5.372 E F1(format)2.872 E F0 1.804(is a character s\ +-.65 E F3(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1<ad>144 415.2 Q F2(n)A F0 +(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F2(n)3.76 E F0 +1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by) +-.25 F F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5 +(zero. F)180 427.2 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0 +(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 +E F3(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 +444 R F1(popd)3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F1(dirs) +3.143 E F0 .644(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 +F F1(popd)5.644 E F0 .416(returns f)144 456 R .416(alse if an in)-.1 F +-.25(va)-.4 G .415 +(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915 +(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F +(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 468 Q +(ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 484.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0 +(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .372 +(Write the formatted)144 496.8 R F2(ar)2.872 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .372 +(to the standard output under the control of the)2.872 F F2(format)2.872 +E F0 5.372(.T)C(he)-5.372 E F2(format)2.872 E F0 1.804(is a character s\ tring which contains three types of objects: plain characters, which ar\ -e simply)144 708 R 1.859 +e simply)144 508.8 R .158 (copied to standard output, character escape sequences, which are con) -144 720 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.858(rted and copied to the).15 F(GNU Bash-4.0) -72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(57)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 58 58 +144 520.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .159(rted and copied to the stan-).15 F .499(\ +dard output, and format speci\214cations, each of which causes printing\ + of the ne)144 532.8 R .499(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar) +3.149 E(gu-)-.37 E(ment)144 544.8 Q F0 5.423(.I)C 2.923(na)-5.423 G .423 +(ddition to the standard)-2.923 F F2(printf)2.923 E F0 .424 +(\(1\) formats,)B F1(%b)2.924 E F0(causes)2.924 E F1(printf)2.924 E F0 +.424(to e)2.924 F .424(xpand backslash escape)-.15 F .977 +(sequences in the corresponding)144 556.8 R F2(ar)3.476 E(gument)-.37 E +F0(\(e)3.476 E .976(xcept that)-.15 F F1(\\c)3.476 E F0 .976 +(terminates output, backslashes in)3.476 F F1<5c08>3.476 E F0(,)A F1 +(\\")3.476 E F0(,)A(and)144 568.8 Q F1(\\?)3.421 E F0 .921(are not remo) +3.421 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .922(d, and octal escapes be).15 F .922 +(ginning with)-.15 F F1(\\0)3.422 E F0 .922 +(may contain up to four digits\), and)3.422 F F1(%q)144 580.8 Q F0 +(causes)3.631 E F1(printf)3.631 E F0 1.131(to output the corresponding) +3.631 F F2(ar)3.631 E(gument)-.37 E F0 1.13 +(in a format that can be reused as shell)3.631 F(input.)144 592.8 Q(The) +144 616.8 Q F1<ad76>2.903 E F0 .404 +(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)2.903 F(ariable)-.25 E +F2(var)2.904 E F0 .404(rather than being printed to the)2.904 F +(standard output.)144 628.8 Q(The)144 652.8 Q F2(format)3.424 E F0 .923 +(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.424 F F2(ar)3.423 E +(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format) +3.423 E F0 .923(requires more)3.423 F F2(ar)144 664.8 Q(guments)-.37 E +F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.533 F .033 +(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si) +.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .034(alue or null string,) +-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 676.8 Q(The return v)5 E +(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd) +108 693.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C +<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 705.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 +2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the di\ +rectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 717.6 R 3.139(wt) +-.25 G .639(op of the)-3.139 F 1.315(stack the current w)144 729.6 R +1.315(orking directory)-.1 F 6.315(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.715 F +1.315(guments, e)-.18 F 1.316(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.816(od)-.1 G +1.316(irectories and)-3.816 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17) +142.065 E(58)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 59 59 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E 1.171(standard output, and format speci\214cations, each of whic\ -h causes printing of the ne)144 84 R 1.172(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)144 96 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 6.274(.I)C -3.774(na)-6.274 G 1.274(ddition to the standard)-3.774 F F1(printf)3.774 -E F0 1.274(\(1\) formats,)B/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(%b)3.774 E F0(causes) -3.774 E F2(printf)3.774 E F0 1.273(to e)3.774 F 1.273(xpand backslash) --.15 F .619(escape sequences in the corresponding)144 108 R F1(ar)3.119 -E(gument)-.37 E F0(\(e)3.119 E .619(xcept that)-.15 F F2(\\c)3.119 E F0 -.62(terminates output, backslashes in)3.119 F F2<5c08>144 120 Q F0(,)A -F2(\\")2.985 E F0 2.985(,a)C(nd)-2.985 E F2(\\?)2.985 E F0 .485 -(are not remo)2.985 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .485(d, and octal escapes be).15 F -.484(ginning with)-.15 F F2(\\0)2.984 E F0 .484 -(may contain up to four digits\),)2.984 F(and)144 132 Q F2(%q)2.567 E F0 -(causes)2.567 E F2(printf)2.567 E F0 .067(to output the corresponding) -2.567 F F1(ar)2.568 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .068 -(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.568 F(input.)144 144 Q(The) -144 168 Q F2<ad76>2.904 E F0 .404 -(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)2.904 F(ariable)-.25 E -F1(var)2.904 E F0 .404(rather than being printed to the)2.904 F -(standard output.)144 180 Q(The)144 204 Q F1(format)3.423 E F0 .923 -(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F1(ar)3.423 E -(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F1(format) -3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F1(ar)144 216 Q(guments)-.37 E F0 -.033(than are supplied, the e)2.534 F .033 -(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si) -.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .033(alue or null string,) --.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 228 Q(The return v)5 E -(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F2(pushd) -108 244.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C -<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 256.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 -2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\ -irectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 268.8 R 3.14(wt) --.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 280.8 R 1.316 -(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315 -(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315 -(irectories and)-3.815 F .871 -(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 292.8 R 5.871(.A) --.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 304.8 Q -F2<ad6e>144 316.8 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\ -hen adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F -(only the stack is manipulated.)180 328.8 Q F2(+)144 340.8 Q F1(n)A F0 -1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F1(n)3.767 E F0 1.268 -(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268(wn by) --.25 F F2(dirs)180 352.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C -(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 364.8 Q F1(n)A F0 -.92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92 +-.35 E .872(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 84 R +5.871(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .871(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F +1.171 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .871(he follo).15 F .871(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:) +144 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6e>144 108 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the no\ +rmal change of directory when adding directories to the stack, so that) +24.74 F(only the stack is manipulated.)180 120 Q F1(+)144 132 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F2 +(n)3.768 E F0 1.267 +(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.267(wn by) +-.25 F F1(dirs)180 144 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) +-2.5 E F1<ad>144 156 Q F2(n)A F0 .92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 +F F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25 -F F2(dirs)180 376.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) --2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 388.8 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F1(dir)2.85 E F0 +F F1(dirs)180 168 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 +E F2(dir)144.35 180 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F2(dir)2.85 E F0 (to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.23 E 2.5(wc)-.25 -G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .488(If the)144 405.6 -R F2(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F2(dirs) -2.988 E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489 -(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F2(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04 -(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 417.6 R F1(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G -3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F2(pushd)3.539 E F0 -1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144 -429.6 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\ -ment is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F -(speci\214ed ne)144 441.6 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E -(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 458.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 -(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 470.4 R .845 -(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 -(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 -482.4 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 -.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2 -(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264 -(enabled. If)144 494.4 R(the)3.264 E F2<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763 -(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 -F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ - reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 506.4 R -.25(va) --.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 518.4 Q F2 -.18(re)108 535.2 S -(ad).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255ers)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad61>-2.5 E F1(aname) -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad64>-2.5 E F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad69>-2.5 -E F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6e>-2.5 E F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E -(s)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2<ad74>-2.5 E F1(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E -F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the\ - standard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 547.2 R F1(fd)3.016 E -F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 559.2 Q -F2<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038 -(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F F1(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G -.039(he second w)-2.539 F .039(ord to the second)-.1 F F1(name)2.539 E -F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 571.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw) +G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .489(If the)144 196.8 +R F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 .489(command is successful, a)2.989 F F1(dirs) +2.988 E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .488 +(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F1(pushd)2.988 E F0 1.039 +(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 208.8 R F2(dir)3.889 E F0 -.1(fa)4.269 G +3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F1(pushd)3.54 E F0 +1.04(returns 0 unless the directory)3.54 F .847(stack is empty)144 220.8 +R 3.347(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.347 E .847(xistent directory stack element i\ +s speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 +232.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108 +249.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .844 +(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 261.6 R .845 +(orking directory)-.1 F 5.845(.T)-.65 G .845 +(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144 +273.6 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1 +.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1 +(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263 +(enabled. If)144 285.6 R(the)3.263 E F1<ad4c>3.263 E F0 .763 +(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.263 +F .764(The return)5.764 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ + reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 297.6 R -.25(va) +-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 309.6 Q F1 -.18(re)108 326.4 S +(ad).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ers)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2(aname) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad64>-2.5 E F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad69>-2.5 +E F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E +(s)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C +F1<ad74>-2.5 E F2(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the\ + standard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 338.4 R F2(fd)3.016 E +F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 350.4 Q +F1<ad75>2.539 E F0 .039(option, and the \214rst w)2.539 F .038 +(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F F2(name)2.538 E F0 2.538(,t).18 G +.038(he second w)-2.538 F .038(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.538 E +F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 362.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw) .15 G .42(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42 -(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I) -.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 583.2 R .54(wer w)-.25 -F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \ -are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 595.2 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011 -(characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011 +(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I) +.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .541(are fe)144 374.4 R .541(wer w) +-.25 F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining n\ +ames are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 386.4 S 2.51(lues. The).25 F +.011(characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011 (are used to split the line into w)2.261 F 2.511(ords. The)-.1 F .011 -(backslash character \()2.511 F F2(\\)A F0 2.51(\)m)C(ay)-2.51 E 1.89 -(be used to remo)144 607.2 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H -1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.891 +(backslash character \()2.511 F F1(\\)A F0 2.511(\)m)C(ay)-2.511 E 1.891 +(be used to remo)144 398.4 R 2.191 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.191 -.15(ny s).15 +H 1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.89 (xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F -(Options, if supplied, ha)144 619.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 631.2 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w) -180 643.2 R 1.049 +(Options, if supplied, ha)144 410.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 422.4 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.049 +(The w)180 434.4 R 1.049 (ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) --.25 E F1(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F -F1(aname)180.33 655.2 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 --.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 667.2 Q F1(delim)2.5 E -F0(The \214rst character of)180 679.2 Q F1(delim)2.5 E F0 +-.25 E F2(aname)3.55 E F0 3.55(,s).18 G 1.05(tarting at 0.)-3.55 F F2 +(aname)180.33 446.4 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25 +(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 +E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 458.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 +(The \214rst character of)180 470.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 (is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E -F2<ad65>144 691.2 Q F0 .372 -(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F2 -.18(re) -2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218 -(to obtain the line.)180 703.2 R .218 +F1<ad65>144 482.4 Q F0 .373 +(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re) +2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo)2.622 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E .218 +(to obtain the line.)180 494.4 R .218 (Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218 (ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E -(acti)180 715.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(58)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 59 59 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad69>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(te) -2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 -(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 -(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) --.25 F(ing be)180 96 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 108 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har) --.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 120 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395 -(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395 -(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of) --.1 F(input.)180 132 Q F1<ad70>144 144 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -(Display)180 156 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error) -3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161 -(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 168 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5 -(nput. The)-2.5 F +(acti)180 506.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E +F1<ad69>144 518.4 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.716 +G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F2(te) +2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E +.215(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 530.4 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 +542.4 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 554.4 S(ad).18 E +F0 1.394(returns after reading)3.894 F F2(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E +F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395 +(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input.)180 566.4 Q F1<ad70>144 +578.4 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 590.4 Q F2(pr)3.661 E +(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161 +(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read) +-.25 F(an)180 602.4 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -<ad72>144 180 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of) --5.543 F(the line.)180 192 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G +<ad72>144 614.4 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) +-5.543 F(the line.)180 626.4 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G (ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.) --.25 E F1<ad73>144 204 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E +-.25 E F1<ad73>144 638.4 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -<ad74>144 216 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 228 Q F1 -.18(re)3.548 G -(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.548 F 1.048 +<ad74>144 650.4 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 662.4 Q F1 -.18(re)3.549 +G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048 (ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout) -180 240 Q F0(seconds.)3.497 E F2(timeout)5.997 E F0 .997 -(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.497 F(wing) --.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 252 R .576(This option is only ef) +180 674.4 Q F0(seconds.)3.496 E F2(timeout)5.996 E F0 .997 +(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.496 F(wing) +-.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 686.4 R .576(This option is only ef) 5.576 F(fecti)-.25 E .876 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)3.076 G -(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .142 -(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 264 R .142 -(fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.141 E -F2(timeout)2.641 E F0 .141(is 0,)2.641 F F1 -.18(re)180 276 S(ad).18 E -F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.613 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113 -(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .114 -(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 288 Q +(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .141 +(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 698.4 R .142 +(fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.142 E +F2(timeout)2.642 E F0 .142(is 0,)2.642 F F1 -.18(re)180 710.4 S(ad).18 E +F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.614 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113 +(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .113 +(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 722.4 Q (xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 E(xceeded.)-.15 -E F1<ad75>144 300 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor) -14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .192(If no)144 316.8 R F2(names)3.052 E F0 -.192(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.962 F(ariable) --.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.691 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(.)A F0 .191(The return code is zero,)4.691 F 1.343 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 328.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.843 G(ad) +E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(59)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 60 60 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad75>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(fd) +2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A +.191(If no)144 100.8 R F2(names)3.051 E F0 .191 +(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable)-.25 E +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A +F0 .192(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344 +(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 112.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad) .18 E F0 1.343 -(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.843 F -(128\), or an in)144 340.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F +(128\), or an in)144 124.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G (lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar).25 E(gument to)-.18 E F1 -<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 357.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 141.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 (\255aA)A(pf)-.25 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E -F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 369.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2 +F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 153.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2 (names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77 (alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77 -(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 381.6 R -1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 -(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 393.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) +(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 165.6 R +1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0 1.097 +(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2 +(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 177.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .537(ables to associati)144 405.6 R .837 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.037 +-.25 E .538(ables to associati)144 189.6 R .838 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.038 (rrays. If).15 F(no)3.038 E F2(name)3.398 E F0(ar)3.218 E .538 (guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .538(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70> -3.038 E F0 .538(option is supplied, a list)3.038 F .081 -(of all readonly names is printed.)144 417.6 R(The)5.081 E F1<ad70>2.581 -E F0 .08(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may)2.581 -F 1.176(be reused as input.)144 429.6 R 1.176(If a v)6.176 F 1.176 +3.038 E F0 .537(option is supplied, a list)3.038 F .08 +(of all readonly names is printed.)144 201.6 R(The)5.08 E F1<ad70>2.58 E +F0 .081(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may)2.58 F +1.177(be reused as input.)144 213.6 R 1.177(If a v)6.177 F 1.176 (ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.176(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 -3.676(,t)C 1.176(he v)-3.676 F 1.177(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.177 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)144 441.6 Q(d)-.37 E F0 6.206(.T)C -1.206(he return status is 0 unless an in)-6.206 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.205 -(lid option is encountered, one of the).25 F F2(names)4.065 E F0 1.205 -(is not a)3.975 F -.25(va)144 453.6 S(lid shell v).25 E +3.676(,t)C 1.176(he v)-3.676 F 1.176(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.176 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)144 225.6 Q(d)-.37 E F0 6.205(.T)C +1.205(he return status is 0 unless an in)-6.205 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.206 +(lid option is encountered, one of the).25 F F2(names)4.066 E F0 1.206 +(is not a)3.976 F -.25(va)144 237.6 S(lid shell v).25 E (ariable name, or)-.25 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(is supplied with a)2.5 E F2 -(name)2.86 E F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 470.4 S -(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .586 -(Causes a function to e)144 482.4 R .587(xit with the return v)-.15 F +(name)2.86 E F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 254.4 S +(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .587 +(Causes a function to e)144 266.4 R .587(xit with the return v)-.15 F .587(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)3.087 E F0 5.587(.I).24 G(f)-5.587 -E F2(n)3.447 E F0 .587(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335 -(that of the last command e)144 494.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335 +E F2(n)3.447 E F0 .586(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335 +(that of the last command e)144 278.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335 (cuted in the function body).15 F 6.335(.I)-.65 G 3.835(fu)-6.335 G 1.335(sed outside a function, b)-3.835 F 1.335(ut during)-.2 F -.15(exe) -144 506.4 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.294 E F0(\() +144 290.4 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.294 E F0(\() 5.794 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.294(\)c)C .794 -(ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .795 -(cuting that script).15 F .246(and return either)144 518.4 R F2(n)3.106 -E F0 .246(or the e)2.986 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .245 -(xit sta-)-.15 F .081(tus of the script.)144 530.4 R .082 +(ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .794 +(cuting that script).15 F .245(and return either)144 302.4 R F2(n)3.105 +E F0 .246(or the e)2.985 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .246 +(xit sta-)-.15 F .082(tus of the script.)144 314.4 R .082 (If used outside a function and not during e)5.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .082 -(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.582 E F0 2.582(,t).833 G .082 -(he return sta-)-2.582 F 2.306(tus is f)144 542.4 R 4.806(alse. An)-.1 F -4.806(yc)-.15 G 2.305(ommand associated with the)-4.806 F F1(RETURN) -4.805 E F0 2.305(trap is e)4.805 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.305(cuted before e) +(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.582 E F0 2.581(,t).833 G .081 +(he return sta-)-2.581 F 2.305(tus is f)144 326.4 R 4.805(alse. An)-.1 F +4.805(yc)-.15 G 2.305(ommand associated with the)-4.805 F F1(RETURN) +4.805 E F0 2.306(trap is e)4.806 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.306(cuted before e) .15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E(resumes after the function or script.) -144 554.4 Q F1(set)108 571.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +144 338.4 Q F1(set)108 355.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 (\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 -E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 583.2 Q F0 +E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 367.2 Q F0 ([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option) -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 595.2 S -.835(thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F -.836(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 -(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 607.2 -R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .783 -(riables cannot be).25 F 2.946(reset. In)144 619.2 R F2 .447(posix mode) -2.946 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447 +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 379.2 S +.836(thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F +.835(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 +(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 391.2 +R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784 +(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 403.2 R F2 .447(posix mode) +2.947 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447 (ariables are listed.)-.25 F .447 -(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.531 -(locale. When)144 631.2 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.531 F -3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.53(utes. An) --.2 F 3.53(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.53 G 1.03(uments remaining).18 F 1.623 -(after option processing are treated as v)144 643.2 R 1.624 +(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.53 +(locale. When)144 415.2 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F +3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An) +-.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F +1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 427.2 R 1.623 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order) -144 655.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A +144 439.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 --.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 667.2 Q -F0 .54(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539 -(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F -.539(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 679.2 Q -(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1<ad62>144 691.2 Q F0 .131 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 451.2 Q +F0 .539(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539 +(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F .54 +(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 463.2 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.) +-.4 E F1<ad62>144 475.2 Q F0 .132 (Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F -2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E -(primary prompt.)184 703.2 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) --.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 715.2 Q F0 -.511(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2(pipeline)3.011 E F0 .511 -(\(which may consist of a single)3.011 F F2 .51(simple command)3.01 F F0 -3.01(\), a)B F2(sub-)3.01 E(shell)184 727.2 Q F0 .872 -(command enclosed in parentheses, or one of the commands e)3.372 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .872(cuted as part of a).15 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(59)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 60 60 +2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E +(primary prompt.)184 487.2 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) +-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 499.2 Q F0 .51 +(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2(pipeline)3.01 E F0 .511 +(\(which may consist of a single)3.011 F F2 .511(simple command)3.011 F +F0 3.011(\), a)B F2(sub-)3.011 E(shell)184 511.2 Q F0 .872 +(command enclosed in parentheses, or one of the commands e)3.373 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .872(cuted as part of a).15 F .399 +(command list enclosed by braces \(see)184 523.2 R F3 .399 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.899 F F0(abo)2.649 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.899(\)e).15 G +.399(xits with a non-zero)-3.049 F 3.969(status. The)184 535.2 R 1.468 +(shell does not e)3.969 F 1.468(xit if the command that f)-.15 F 1.468 +(ails is part of the command list)-.1 F .569(immediately follo)184 547.2 +R .569(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)3.069 E F0(or)3.069 E F1(until)3.069 E F0 +-.1(ke)3.069 G(yw)-.05 E .569(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F .57 +(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)3.07 E F0(or)3.07 E F1(elif)3.07 E F0(reserv)184 +559.2 Q .544(ed w)-.15 F .544(ords, part of an)-.1 F 3.044(yc)-.15 G +.544(ommand e)-3.044 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .544(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.044 +E F0(or)3.044 E/F5 10/Symbol SF<efef>3.044 E F0 .544(list e)3.044 F .544 +(xcept the command)-.15 F(follo)184 571.2 Q 1.23(wing the \214nal)-.25 F +F1(&&)3.73 E F0(or)3.73 E F5<efef>3.73 E F0 3.73(,a)C 1.53 -.15(ny c) +-3.73 H 1.231(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F 1.231 +(ut the last, or if the com-)-.2 F(mand')184 583.2 Q 3.191(sr)-.55 G +.691(eturn v)-3.191 F .691(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .691 +(rted with).15 F F1(!)3.191 E F0 5.691(.A)C .691(trap on)-2.5 F F1(ERR) +3.19 E F0 3.19(,i)C 3.19(fs)-3.19 G .69(et, is e)-3.19 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.69(cuted before).15 F .686(the shell e)184 595.2 R 3.186(xits. This) +-.15 F .686(option applies to the shell en)3.186 F .686 +(vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F(viron-)-.4 E .659 +(ment separately \(see)184 607.2 R F1 .659(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)3.159 +F(ONMENT)-.3 E F0(abo)3.159 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .658(\), and may).15 F +(cause subshells to e)184 619.2 Q(xit before e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuting all the commands in the subshell.).15 E F1<ad66>144 631.2 Q F0 +(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad68>144 643.2 Q F0 +2.238(Remember the location of commands as the)28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G +2.239(re look)-4.738 F 2.239(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.739 +(cution. This).15 F(is)4.739 E(enabled by def)184 655.2 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 +<ad6b>144 667.2 Q F0 .514(All ar)28.74 F .514 +(guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 +F .513(vironment for a)-.4 F +(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 679.2 Q F1 +<ad6d>144 691.2 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .148 +(Job control is enabled.)5.148 F .149(This option is on by def)5.148 F +.149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .637 +(on systems that support it \(see)184 703.2 R F3 .636(JOB CONTR)3.136 F +(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.886 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.136(\). Background).15 F .636 +(processes run in a)3.136 F .641 +(separate process group and a line containing their e)184 715.2 R .642 +(xit status is printed upon their com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 727.2 Q +(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(60)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 61 61 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .399(command list enclosed by braces \(see)184 84 R/F1 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF .399(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.899 F F0(abo)2.649 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 2.899(\)e).15 G .399(xits with a non-zero)-3.049 F 3.968(status. The) -184 96 R 1.468(shell does not e)3.968 F 1.468(xit if the command that f) --.15 F 1.468(ails is part of the command list)-.1 F .57 -(immediately follo)184 108 R .57(wing a)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(while)3.07 E F0(or)3.07 E F2(until)3.07 E F0 -.1(ke)3.069 G(yw)-.05 E -.569(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F .569(wing the)-.25 F F2(if)3.069 -E F0(or)3.069 E F2(elif)3.069 E F0(reserv)184 120 Q .544(ed w)-.15 F -.544(ords, part of an)-.1 F 3.044(yc)-.15 G .544(ommand e)-3.044 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .544(cuted in a).15 F F2(&&)3.044 E F0(or)3.044 E/F3 10 -/Symbol SF<efef>3.044 E F0 .544(list e)3.044 F .544(xcept the command) --.15 F(follo)184 132 Q 1.231(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F2(&&)3.731 E F0 -(or)3.731 E F3<efef>3.731 E F0 3.731(,a)C 1.531 -.15(ny c)-3.731 H 1.231 -(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F 1.23(ut the last, or if the com-)-.2 F -(mand')184 144 Q 3.19(sr)-.55 G .69(eturn v)-3.19 F .69 -(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .69(rted with).15 F F2(!)3.191 E -F0 5.691(.A)C .691(trap on)-2.5 F F2(ERR)3.191 E F0 3.191(,i)C 3.191(fs) --3.191 G .691(et, is e)-3.191 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .691(cuted before).15 F -.687(the shell e)184 156 R 3.186(xits. This)-.15 F .686 -(option applies to the shell en)3.186 F .686 -(vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F(viron-)-.4 E .658 -(ment separately \(see)184 168 R F2 .659(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)3.159 F -(ONMENT)-.3 E F0(abo)3.159 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .659(\), and may).15 F -(cause subshells to e)184 180 Q(xit before e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuting all the commands in the subshell.).15 E F2<ad66>144 192 Q F0 -(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2<ad68>144 204 Q F0 2.239 -(Remember the location of commands as the)28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.238 -(re look)-4.738 F 2.238(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.738 -(cution. This).15 F(is)4.738 E(enabled by def)184 216 Q(ault.)-.1 E F2 -<ad6b>144 228 Q F0 .513(All ar)28.74 F .514 -(guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 -F .514(vironment for a)-.4 F -(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 240 Q F2 -<ad6d>144 252 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .149 -(Job control is enabled.)5.149 F .148(This option is on by def)5.149 F -.148(ault for interacti)-.1 F .448 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .636 -(on systems that support it \(see)184 264 R F1 .636(JOB CONTR)3.136 F -(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.886 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.136(\). Background).15 F .637 -(processes run in a)3.136 F .642 -(separate process group and a line containing their e)184 276 R .641 -(xit status is printed upon their com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 288 Q F2 -<ad6e>144 300 Q F0 .652(Read commands b)28.74 F .652(ut do not e)-.2 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .652(cute them.).15 F .653 -(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.652 F(syntax errors.)184 -312 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F2<ad6f>144 324 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The) -184 336 Q F4(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E -(wing:)-.25 E F2(allexport)184 348 Q F0(Same as)224 360 Q F2<ad61>2.5 E -F0(.)A F2(braceexpand)184 372 Q F0(Same as)224 384 Q F2<ad42>2.5 E F0(.) -A F2(emacs)184 396 Q F0 .089 +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6e>144 84 Q F0 .653(Read commands b)28.74 +F .653(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .653(cute them.).15 F .652 +(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 +96 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E +F1<ad6f>144 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The) +184 120 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E +(wing:)-.25 E F1(allexport)184 132 Q F0(Same as)224 144 Q F1<ad61>2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(braceexpand)184 156 Q F0(Same as)224 168 Q F1<ad42>2.5 E F0(.) +A F1(emacs)184 180 Q F0 .089 (Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)13.9 F 2.589(ace. This) -.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 -(when the shell is interacti)224 408 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 -(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F2(\255\255noediting)3.45 E -F0 2.5(option. This)224 420 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) --.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F2 -(errtrace)184 432 Q F0(Same as)5.03 E F2<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(functrace) -184 444 Q F0(Same as)224 456 Q F2<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(err)184 468 Q -(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)11.31 E F2<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(hashall)184 480 -Q F0(Same as)9.43 E F2<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(histexpand)184 492 Q F0 -(Same as)224 504 Q F2<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(history)184 516 Q F0 .587 +(when the shell is interacti)224 192 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 +(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting)3.45 E +F0 2.5(option. This)224 204 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) +-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1 +(errtrace)184 216 Q F0(Same as)5.03 E F1<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(functrace) +184 228 Q F0(Same as)224 240 Q F1<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(err)184 252 Q +(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)11.31 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(hashall)184 264 +Q F0(Same as)9.43 E F1<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(histexpand)184 276 Q F0 +(Same as)224 288 Q F1<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history)184 300 Q F0 .586 (Enable command history)10 F 3.087(,a)-.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587 -(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(HIST)3.087 E -(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .587(This option is) -5.087 F(on by def)224 528 Q(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -(hells.).15 E F2(ignor)184 540 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656(The ef)224 552 R -1.656(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F6 10/Courier@0 SF -(IGNOREEOF=10)4.157 E F0 1.657(had been e)4.157 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted) -.15 E(\(see)224 564 Q F2(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2 -.1(ke)184 576 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as) -224 588 Q F2<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(monitor)184 600 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F2 -<ad6d>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(noclob)184 612 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 624 Q F2 -<ad43>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(noexec)184 636 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F2<ad6e>2.5 E -F0(.)A F2(noglob)184 648 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F2<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -(nolog)184 660 Q F0(Currently ignored.)16.66 E F2(notify)184 672 Q F0 -(Same as)15 E F2<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(nounset)184 684 Q F0(Same as)6.66 -E F2<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(onecmd)184 696 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F2<ad74>2.5 -E F0(.)A F2(ph)184 708 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F2<ad50>2.5 E -F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(60)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 61 61 +(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 312 Q +(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 +324 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 336 R 1.657 +(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) +4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 +348 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 360 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 372 Q F1 +<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 384 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F1<ad6d>2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 396 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 408 Q F1<ad43>2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 420 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(noglob)184 432 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog)184 +444 Q F0(Currently ignored.)16.66 E F1(notify)184 456 Q F0(Same as)15 E +F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 468 Q F0(Same as)6.66 E F1<ad75>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 480 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(ph)184 492 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(pipefail)184 504 Q F0 1.029(If set, the return v)7.77 F 1.029 +(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.03 +(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 516 R +1.136 +(xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) +-.15 F -.15(ex)224 528 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 540 Q F0 +2.09(Change the beha)17.77 F 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 +2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 +(fers from the)-.25 F(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 552 Q +F2(posix mode)A F0(\).)A F1(pri)184 564 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 +576 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 588 S(rbose).1 E F0(Same as) +7.33 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 600 Q F0 1.466 +(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 F 3.965(ace. This)-.1 +F 1.465(also af)3.965 F 1.465(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 612 Q +(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(xtrace)184 +624 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 642 Q F1<ad6f>3.052 +E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F2(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053 +(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553(alues of the current options are printed.) +-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 654 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F +F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0 3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set) +3.571 E F0 1.071(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F +(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 666 Q F1<ad70> +144 678 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1 +(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F +F3($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.072 +(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 690 R 1.5 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4 E F4(,)A F1 -.3(BA)184 702 S +(SHOPTS).3 E F0(,)A F1(CDP)3.186 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 3.186(,a)C +(nd)-3.186 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)3.186 E F0 -.25(va)3.186 G .686 +(riables, if the).25 F 3.186(ya)-.15 G .686(ppear in the en)-3.186 F +(viron-)-.4 E .854(ment, are ignored.)184 714 R .854 +(If the shell is started with the ef)5.854 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.154 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .853(ser \(group\) id not equal to).15 F .043 +(the real user \(group\) id, and the)184 726 R F1<ad70>2.543 E F0 .043 +(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.543 F .043(en and the) +-.1 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(61)192.055 E 0 Cg +EP +%%Page: 62 62 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pipefail)184 84 Q F0 1.03 -(If set, the return v)7.77 F 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F -1.029(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 96 -R 1.136 -(xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) --.15 F -.15(ex)224 108 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G -(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 120 Q F0 -2.091(Change the beha)17.77 F 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 -2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 -(fers from the)-.25 F(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 132 Q -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)A F0(\).)A F1(pri)184 144 Q(vileged) --.1 E F0(Same as)224 156 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 168 S -(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)7.33 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 180 Q F0 -1.465(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 F 3.966 -(ace. This)-.1 F 1.466(also af)3.966 F 1.466(fects the editing)-.25 F -(interf)224 192 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0 -(.)A F1(xtrace)184 204 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 -222 Q F1<ad6f>3.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F F2 -(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552 -(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.552 E F1(+o)184 -234 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F2(option\255name)3.571 E F0 -3.571(,as)C 1.071(eries of)-3.571 F F1(set)3.572 E F0 1.072 -(commands to recreate the current)3.572 F -(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 246 Q F1<ad70> -144 258 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.072(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.822 E -.1 -(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV) --.27 E F0 1.071(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 270 R 1.501 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A -F1(CDP)184 282 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 5.603(,a)C(nd)-5.603 E F1 -(GLOBIGNORE)5.603 E F0 -.25(va)5.603 G 3.103(riables, if the).25 F 5.603 -(ya)-.15 G 3.103(ppear in the en)-5.603 F 3.103(vironment, are)-.4 F -2.617(ignored. If)184 294 R .117(the shell is started with the ef)2.617 -F(fecti)-.25 E .418 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .118 -(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real user).15 F 1.018 -(\(group\) id, and the)184 306 R F1<ad70>3.518 E F0 1.018 -(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)3.518 F 1.018 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fecti)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .286 -(user id is set to the real user id.)184 318 R .286(If the)5.286 F F1 -<ad70>2.786 E F0 .287(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.786 F -(fecti)-.25 E .587 -.15(ve u)-.25 H(ser).15 E .103(id is not reset.)184 -330 R -.45(Tu)5.103 G .102(rning this option of).45 F 2.602(fc)-.25 G -.102(auses the ef)-2.602 F(fecti)-.25 E .402 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .102 -(ser and group ids to be set to).15 F(the real user and group ids.)184 -342 Q F1<ad74>144 354 Q F0(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 366 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .043 +-.35 E(ef)184 84 Q(fecti)-.25 E 1.667 -.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.367 +(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F 1.367(If the)6.367 F/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad70>3.867 E F0 1.366 +(option is supplied at startup, the)3.866 F(ef)184 96 Q(fecti)-.25 E +.708 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .408(ser id is not reset.).15 F -.45(Tu)5.409 G +.409(rning this option of).45 F 2.909(fc)-.25 G .409(auses the ef)-2.909 +F(fecti)-.25 E .709 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .409(ser and group).15 F +(ids to be set to the real user and group ids.)184 108 Q F1<ad74>144 120 +Q F0(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 132 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .044 (eat unset v).35 F .044(ariables and parameters other than the special \ -parameters "@" and "*" as an)-.25 F .183 -(error when performing parameter e)184 378 R 2.683(xpansion. If)-.15 F --.15(ex)2.683 G .182(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 -E .746(able or parameter)184 390 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 +parameters "@" and "*" as an)-.25 F .182 +(error when performing parameter e)184 144 R 2.682(xpansion. If)-.15 F +-.15(ex)2.682 G .183(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 +E .746(able or parameter)184 156 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 (he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.246(,e).15 G .746(xits with a)-3.396 F(non-zero status.)184 -402 Q F1<ad76>144 414 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)29.3 E 2.5(ya) --.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 426 Q F0 .315(After e)29.3 F .315 -(xpanding each)-.15 F F2 .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo) -2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E -F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 438 R F1 --.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236 -(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0(follo) -3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 450 Q +168 Q F1<ad76>144 180 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)29.3 E 2.5(ya) +-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 192 Q F0 .315(After e)29.3 F .315 +(xpanding each)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .315(simple command)2.815 +F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E +F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236 +(or arithmetic)184 204 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236 +(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of) +-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS4)3.736 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 +(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 216 Q (xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1 -<ad42>144 462 Q F0 2.579(The shell performs brace e)27.63 F 2.578 +<ad42>144 228 Q F0 2.578(The shell performs brace e)27.63 F 2.578 (xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 2.578(Brace Expansion)5.078 F F0(abo)5.078 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 5.078(\). This).15 F 2.578(is on by)5.078 F(def)184 474 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 486 Q F0 .213(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.713 E -F0 .213(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 +-.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 240 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 252 Q F0 .214(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.714 E +F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 (xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 -2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F -3.054(tors. This)184 498 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F +3.053(tors. This)184 264 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 (rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-) -.15 F(tor)184 510 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -<ad45>144 522 Q F0 .103(If set, an)27.63 F 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103(rap on) --2.603 F F1(ERR)2.603 E F0 .104 -(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603 -F .839(mands e)184 534 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15 -F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 546 Q F1 -<ad48>144 558 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531 -(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531 -F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 570 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 582 Q F0 1.165 +.15 F(tor)184 276 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +<ad45>144 288 Q F0 .104(If set, an)27.63 F 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104(rap on) +-2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103 +(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604 +F .838(mands e)184 300 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 +F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 312 Q F1 +<ad48>144 324 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 +(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 +F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 336 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 348 Q F0 1.164 (If set, the shell does not follo)28.19 F 3.664(ws)-.25 G 1.164 -(ymbolic links when e)-3.664 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.164 -(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.664 E F0 2.821 -(that change the current w)184 594 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 -(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.822 -(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.686(instead. By)184 606 R(def)2.686 +(ymbolic links when e)-3.664 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165 +(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.665 E F0 2.822 +(that change the current w)184 360 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 +(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821 +(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 372 R(def)2.685 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 618 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 -630 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 384 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 +396 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 642 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 408 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 654 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 666 Q -F0 .4(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 420 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 432 Q +F0 .401(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 (his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 678 Q -F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G +(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 444 Q F2 +(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G (ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144 -690 Q F0 1.945(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2 -(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G -1.944(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 702 R -F1<ad78>3.445 E F0(and)3.445 E F1<ad76>3.445 E F0 .945 -(options are turned of)3.445 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .946(there are no) -3.445 F F2(ar)3.446 E(g)-.37 E F0 .946(s, the positional)B -(parameters remain unchanged.)184 714 Q .425(The options are of)144 -730.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 +456 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2 +(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G +1.945(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 468 R +F1<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945 +(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no) +3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B +(parameters remain unchanged.)184 480 Q .425(The options are of)144 +496.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 -(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 -768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(61)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 62 62 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .177(to be turned of)144 84 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 +(to be turned of)144 508.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) --.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 96 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa) --.1 G .066(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F -(is encountered.)144 108 Q F1(shift)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 -136.8 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 .429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....) -2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G .429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F -(bers)144 148.8 Q F1($#)2.583 E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#) -2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083 -(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H -.082(umber less than or equal to).15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f) --5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 160.8 -R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06 -(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06 -(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144 -(positional parameters are not changed.)144 172.8 R .144 -(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 .143 -(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0 -(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 184.8 Q F1(shopt)108 201.6 Q F0([) +-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 +(current set of options may be found in)144 520.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 +(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F +(is encountered.)144 532.8 Q F1(shift)108 549.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 561.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 +.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G +.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 573.6 Q F1($#)2.582 +E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082 +(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) +.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06 +(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 585.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 +.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F +(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 597.6 R +.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 +.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 609.6 Q F1(shopt)108 626.4 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 213.6 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222 +-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 638.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222 (alues of v)-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F (vior)-.2 E 5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the)-5.622 F F1 <ad70>2.722 E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options is display\ -ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 225.6 R(The) -144 237.6 Q F1<ad70>2.827 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\ -d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.827 F .328(Other options) -5.328 F(ha)144 249.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:) --.25 E F1<ad73>144 261.6 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 -E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 273.6 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2 -(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 285.6 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\ +ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 650.4 R(The) +144 662.4 Q F1<ad70>2.828 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\ +d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.828 F .327(Other options) +5.327 F(ha)144 674.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:) +-.25 E F1<ad73>144 686.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 +E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 698.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2 +(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 710.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\ put \(quiet mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2 -(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 297.6 R .255 -(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256 +(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 722.4 R .256 +(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256 (guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1 -<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F -(all)180 309.6 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.) -2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 321.6 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2 -(optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0 -(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .128 -(If either)144 338.4 R F1<ad73>2.628 E F0(or)2.628 E F1<ad75>2.628 E F0 -.127(is used with no)2.627 F F2(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127 -(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.023 -(are set or unset, respecti)144 350.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.023 -(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.023 F F1(shopt)3.524 E F0 -1.024(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.524 F(def)144 362.4 Q(ault.) +<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F +(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(62)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 63 63 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E(all)180 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optnames)2.5 E F0 +(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6f>144 +96 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F1(optname)2.5 E F0 +(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F2<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 +E F2(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .127(If either)144 112.8 R F2 +<ad73>2.627 E F0(or)2.627 E F2<ad75>2.627 E F0 .127(is used with no) +2.627 F F1(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127 +(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.024 +(are set or unset, respecti)144 124.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.024 +(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.024 F F2(shopt)3.523 E F0 +1.023(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.523 F(def)144 136.8 Q(ault.) -.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 -379.2 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) -4.044 F .696 +153.6 R F1(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) +4.045 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 391.2 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696 -(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 403.2 Q(The list of)144 420 Q F1(shopt) -2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 438 Q F0 .2 +144 165.6 R F1(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695 +(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 177.6 Q(The list of)144 194.4 Q F2(shopt) +2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F2(autocd)144 212.4 Q F0 .199 (If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 450 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ment to the)184 224.4 Q F2(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1(cdable_v)144 462 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 474 R .155 -(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 +F2(cdable_v)144 236.4 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 248.4 R .156 +(gument to the)-.18 F F2(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 486 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 498 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 260.4 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F2(cdspell)144 272.4 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a) -10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 -(corrected. The)184 510 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 -(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .552(one character too man)184 522 R 4.352 -.65(y. I) --.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552 +10.55 F F2(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 +(corrected. The)184 284.4 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 +(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a) +-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 296.4 R 4.352 -.65 +(y. I)-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552 (orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F -(the command proceeds.)184 534 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5 -E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 546 Q F0 2.079 -(If set,)184 558 R F1(bash)4.579 E F0 2.079 -(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F 2.08 -(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 570 S(cute it.).15 E +(the command proceeds.)184 308.4 Q +(This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) +.15 E F2(checkhash)144 320.4 Q F0 2.08(If set,)184 332.4 R F2(bash)4.58 +E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079 +(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 344.4 S(cute it.).15 E (If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 582 Q -F0 .449(If set,)184 594 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 -(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 -(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 606 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G -.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 -(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 1.456 -(attempted without an interv)184 618 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15 F -F1 1.456(JOB CONTR)3.956 F(OL)-.3 E F0(abo)3.956 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.956 -(\). The).15 F(shell)3.956 E(al)184 630 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 -E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1 -(checkwinsize)144 642 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 654 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0 -.796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G .797 -(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G .797 -(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 666 S(lues of).25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F2(checkjobs)144 356.4 +Q F0 .448(If set,)184 368.4 R F2(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 +(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449 +(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 380.4 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G +.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938 +(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 1.456 +(attempted without an interv)184 392.4 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15 +F F2 1.456(JOB CONTR)3.956 F(OL)-.3 E F0(abo)3.956 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.956(\). The).15 F(shell)3.956 E(al)184 404.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G +(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G(obs are stopped.) +-2.5 E F2(checkwinsize)144 416.4 Q F0 .797(If set,)184 428.4 R F2(bash) +3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G .796 +(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G .796 +(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 440.4 S(lues of).25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F1(cmdhist)144 678 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 +F2(cmdhist)144 452.4 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F2(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 (attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184 -690 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E -(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 702 Q -F0 .419(If set,)184 714 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha)2.919 -F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .42(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar) --.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the conditional command')184 726 Q 2.5(s=)-.55 -G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(62)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 63 63 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dirspell)144 84 Q F0 .859(If set,)7.77 F F1 -(bash)3.359 E F0 .858 -(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858 +464.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E +(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F2(compat31)144 476.4 +Q F0 .42(If set,)184 488.4 R F2(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 +F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419 +(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E +(to the conditional command')184 500.4 Q 2.5(s=)-.55 G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G +(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2(dirspell)144 512.4 Q F0 .858(If set,)7.77 F +F2(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 +(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 (ord completion if)-.1 F -(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 96 Q(xist.)-.15 E -F1(dotglob)144 108 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 524.4 Q(xist.)-.15 +E F2(dotglob)144 536.4 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F2(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 (includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i) -.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 120 Q F0 1.387 -(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.687 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386 +(xpansion.)-.15 E F2(execfail)144 548.4 Q F0 1.386 +(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386 (hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 132 Q -(gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E +1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 560.4 Q +(gument to the)-.18 E F2(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E (An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 -E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 144 Q F0 -.716(If set, aliases are e)184 156 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 -F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E -/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .717(This option is enabled)5.217 F -(by def)184 168 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 180 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 192 Q -(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 -204 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.251 E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1 +E F2(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F2(expand_aliases)144 572.4 Q +F0 .717(If set, aliases are e)184 584.4 R .717(xpanded as described abo) +-.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(ALIASES)3.217 E F4(.)A F0 +.716(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 596.4 Q +(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F2(extdeb)144 +608.4 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 620.4 Q +(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F2(1.)184 +632.4 Q F0(The)28.5 E F2<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F2 (declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 (iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 216 Q -(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 228 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5 -F F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F -1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 240 -Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 252 Q F0 .841 -(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.341 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 -(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 -(exe)220 264 S .488 +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 644.4 +Q(gument.)-.18 E F2(2.)184 656.4 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the) +28.5 F F2(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 +F 1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 +668.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F2(3.)184 680.4 Q F0 .84 +(If the command run by the)28.5 F F2(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 +(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 +(exe)220 692.4 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 276 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1 --.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1 26(4. B)184 -288 R(ASH_ARGC)-.3 E F0(and)3.776 E F1 -.3(BA)3.776 G(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 -1.275(are updated as described in their descrip-)3.776 F(tions abo)220 -300 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 312 Q F0 1.359 +-.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F2(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F2 +(sour)220 704.4 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F2 +-.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F2 26(4. B)184 +716.4 R(ASH_ARGC)-.3 E F0(and)3.775 E F2 -.3(BA)3.775 G(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 +1.276(are updated as described in their descrip-)3.775 F(tions abo)220 +728.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17) +142.065 E(63)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 64 64 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(5.)184 84 Q F0 1.359 (Function tracing is enabled:)28.5 F 1.359 (command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)6.359 F(shells in)220 -324 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10 +96 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1 (DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.) -184 336 Q F0 .805(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .804 -(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.805 F(in)220 348 -Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4 +184 108 Q F0 .804(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .805 +(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 120 +Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F2 (command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E(OR)-.3 E F0 -(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 360 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4 +(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 132 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 372 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 384 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 396 R -F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 -E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) --4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G -(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 408 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 420 Q F0 -1.424(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425 -(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.425 -(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 432 S(pansion error).15 E(.) --.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 444 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.585(If set, the suf)184 456 R<8c78>-.25 E .585(es speci\214ed by the) +-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 144 Q +F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 156 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 168 R +F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F2(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 +E F0(")A F2(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) +-4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G +(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 180 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 192 Q F0 +1.425(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425 +(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424 +(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 204 S(pansion error).15 E(.) +-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 216 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 +.585(If set, the suf)184 228 R<8c78>-.25 E .585(es speci\214ed by the) -.15 F F1(FIGNORE)3.085 E F0 .585(shell v)3.085 F .585(ariable cause w) --.25 F .585(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 468 R .32 +-.25 F .585(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 240 R .32 (ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 -(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 3.33 -(pletions. See)184 480 R F2 .83(SHELL V)3.33 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0(abo) -3.08 E 1.13 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .829(or a description of).15 F F1(FIGNORE) -3.329 E F0 5.829(.T)C .829(his option)-5.829 F(is enabled by def)184 492 -Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globstar)144 504 Q F0 .178(If set, the pattern)5 F F1 -(**)2.678 E F0 .178(used in a pathname e)2.678 F .178(xpansion conte) --.15 F .179(xt will match a \214les and zero or)-.15 F 1.298 -(more directories and subdirectories.)184 516 R 1.298 -(If the pattern is follo)6.298 F 1.298(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.797 E F0 -3.797(,o)C 1.297(nly directories)-3.797 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -528 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 540 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ -en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 552 Q F1(histappend)144 -564 Q F0 .383 +(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 3.329 +(pletions. See)184 252 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .829(SHELL V)3.329 F +(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0(abo)3.079 E 1.129 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .83 +(or a description of).15 F F1(FIGNORE)3.33 E F0 5.83(.T)C .83 +(his option)-5.83 F(is enabled by def)184 264 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globstar) +144 276 Q F0 .179(If set, the pattern)5 F F1(**)2.679 E F0 .178 +(used in a pathname e)2.678 F .178(xpansion conte)-.15 F .178 +(xt will match a \214les and zero or)-.15 F 1.297 +(more directories and subdirectories.)184 288 R 1.298 +(If the pattern is follo)6.297 F 1.298(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.798 E F0 +3.798(,o)C 1.298(nly directories)-3.798 F(and subdirectories match.)184 +300 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 312 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ +en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 324 Q F1(histappend)144 +336 Q F0 .384 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -576 R .384(alue of the)-.25 F F1(HISTFILE)2.884 E F0 -.25(va)2.884 G -(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 588 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 600 Q(eedit)-.18 -E F0 .576(If set, and)184 612 R F1 -.18(re)3.076 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 -(is being used, a user is gi)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .575 -(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .575(ailed his-)-.1 F -(tory substitution.)184 624 Q F1(histv)144 636 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .402 -(If set, and)184 648 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 +348 R .383(alue of the)-.25 F F1(HISTFILE)2.883 E F0 -.25(va)2.883 G +(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 360 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 372 Q(eedit)-.18 +E F0 .575(If set, and)184 384 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 +(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576 +(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F +(tory substitution.)184 396 Q F1(histv)144 408 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 +(If set, and)184 420 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .662(passed to the shell parser)184 660 R 5.662(.I)-.55 G .661 -(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.662 F F1 -.18(re)3.161 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.161 E -.2(bu)184 672 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 432 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 444 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 684 Q F0 1.181(If set, and)184 696 R F1 -.18(re)3.681 -G(adline).18 E F0 1.181(is being used,)3.681 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.182 -(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.682 F 1.381(when a w)184 -708 R 1.381(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 -(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.88 E F0(under)3.88 E -F2(READLINE)3.88 E F0(abo)184 720 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F -(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30) -148.175 E(63)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 64 64 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(huponexit)144 84 Q F0(If set,)184 96 Q F1 -(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 +(hostcomplete)144 456 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 468 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 +(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 +480 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E +F3(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 492 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 504 Q F0(If set,) +184 516 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F3(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 108 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 -.33(If set, allo)184 120 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 528 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 +.33(If set, allo)184 540 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 (ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33 (ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 -(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 132 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 -H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F(enabled by def)184 144 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1(lithist)144 156 Q F0 .654(If set, and the)15.55 F F1 -(cmdhist)3.154 E F0 .654(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa) -3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.155(dt).15 G 3.155(ot)-3.155 G .655(he history) --3.155 F(with embedded ne)184 168 Q +(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 552 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 +H .967(hell \(see).15 F F3(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 +G 3.467(\). This).15 F .968(option is)3.468 F(enabled by def)184 564 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1(lithist)144 576 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)15.55 F F1 +(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa) +3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history) +-3.154 F(with embedded ne)184 588 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(login_shell)144 180 Q F0 .486 +(login_shell)144 600 Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -192 R F2(INV)2.986 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.736 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.986(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 204 S(lue may not be changed.).25 -E F1(mailwar)144 216 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .814(If set, and a \214le that)184 -228 R F1(bash)3.314 E F0 .815 -(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.314 F --.1(wa)184 240 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E -(`The mail in)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 -(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1 -(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 252 Q F0 .146(If set, and)184 264 R F1 -.18 -(re)2.646 G(adline).18 E F0 .146(is being used,)2.646 F F1(bash)2.646 E -F0 .145(will not attempt to search the)2.646 F F1 -.74(PA)2.645 G(TH) --.21 E F0 .145(for possible)2.645 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 276 Q F1 -(nocaseglob)144 288 Q F0 .436(If set,)184 300 R F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436 -(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.936 F .737 -.15(ve f)-.25 -H .437(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 312 S -(pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 324 Q F0 1.194(If set,)184 -336 R F1(bash)3.694 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) -3.694 F 1.493 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.193(ashion when performing matching).05 -F(while e)184 348 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 -E F1([[)2.5 E F0(conditional commands.)2.5 E F1(nullglob)144 360 Q F0 -.854(If set,)184 372 R F1(bash)3.354 E F0(allo)3.354 E .855 -(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.355 G .855 -(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.355 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.355(\)t).15 G(o) --3.355 E -.15(ex)184 384 S(pand to a null string, rather than themselv) -.15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 396 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .677 -(If set, the programmable completion f)184 408 R .677(acilities \(see) --.1 F F1(Pr)3.176 E .676(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.176 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E(are enabled.)184 420 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 432 Q(omptv) --.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447(If set, prompt strings under)184 444 R 1.448 -(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) --.15 F -.15(ex)184 456 S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 +612 R F3(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 624 S(lue may not be changed.).25 +E F1(mailwar)144 636 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 +648 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 +(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F +-.1(wa)184 660 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +(`The mail in)-.74 E F2(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i) +-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 672 +Q F0 .145(If set, and)184 684 R F1 -.18(re)2.645 G(adline).18 E F0 .145 +(is being used,)2.645 F F1(bash)2.646 E F0 .146 +(will not attempt to search the)2.646 F F1 -.74(PA)2.646 G(TH)-.21 E F0 +.146(for possible)2.646 F +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 696 Q +(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(64)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 65 65 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(nocaseglob)144 84 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 96 +R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti) +2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F +-.15(ex)184 108 S(pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion) +.1 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 120 Q F0 +1.193(If set,)184 132 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194 +(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti)3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H +1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F(while e)184 144 Q -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([[)2.5 E F0 +(conditional commands.)2.5 E F1(nullglob)144 156 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 +168 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo)3.355 E .855 +(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.354 G .854 +(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.354(\)t).15 G(o) +-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 180 S(pand to a null string, rather than themselv) +.15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 192 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676 +(If set, the programmable completion f)184 204 R .677(acilities \(see) +-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E(are enabled.)184 216 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 228 Q(omptv) +-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448(If set, prompt strings under)184 240 R 1.448 +(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.447(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) +-.15 F -.15(ex)184 252 S .17(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in) --.15 F F2(PR)2.67 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E -(This option is enabled by def)184 468 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 480 -S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.671 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 264 Q(ault.)-.1 +E F1 -.18(re)144 276 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) -184 492 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 504 Q 4.178 +184 288 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 300 Q 4.178 (w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)4.178 G 1.678(lue may not be changed.).25 F 1.678(This is not reset when the startup \214les are)6.678 F -.15(exe) -184 516 S(cuted, allo).15 E(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E +184 312 S(cuted, allo).15 E(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E -F1(shift_v)144 528 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 540 R F1 -(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 -(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 -(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 552 Q F1(sour) -144 564 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 576 R F1(sour)3.271 E -(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) --3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 -(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) -184 588 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.) --.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 600 Q F0(If set, the)184 612 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 --.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 -E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 624 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.001 -(Suspend the e)144 636 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 -(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G -F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002(login shell cannot be) -3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 648 R F1<ad66>2.523 E F0 .023 -(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 -(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) -5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 660 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1 +F1(shift_v)144 324 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 336 R F1 +(shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501 +(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .501 +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 348 Q F1(sour) +144 360 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 372 R F1(sour)3.27 E(ce) +-.18 E F0(\()3.27 E F1(.)A F0 3.27(\)b)C .77(uiltin uses the v)-3.47 F +.771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771 +(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F +(\214le supplied as an ar)184 384 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F +(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 396 Q F0 +(If set, the)184 408 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E +(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) +108 420 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 432 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A)3.251 F 1.001 +(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 444 R F1<ad66> +2.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 +(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023(The return status is) +5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 456 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1 <ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 E -F1(test)108 672 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 684 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 1.15 +F1(test)108 468 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 +480 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 1.15 (Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the e)6.77 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.15 (luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)3.65 G -(pr).2 E F0 6.15(.E).73 G(ach)-6.15 E 1.188 -(operator and operand must be a separate ar)144 696 R 3.688 -(gument. Expressions)-.18 F 1.187(are composed of the primaries)3.688 F -1.889(described abo)144 708 R 2.189 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -(CONDITION)4.389 E 1.889(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F1(test)6.389 E F0 1.89(does not accept an)4.389 F 4.39(yo)-.15 G 1.89 -(ptions, nor)-4.39 F(does it accept and ignore an ar)144 720 Q +(pr).2 E F0 6.15(.E).73 G(ach)-6.15 E 1.187 +(operator and operand must be a separate ar)144 492 R 3.688 +(gument. Expressions)-.18 F 1.188(are composed of the primaries)3.688 F +1.89(described abo)144 504 R 2.19 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 +(CONDITION)4.39 E 1.89(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A +F1(test)6.39 E F0 1.889(does not accept an)4.389 F 4.389(yo)-.15 G 1.889 +(ptions, nor)-4.389 F(does it accept and ignore an ar)144 516 Q (gument of)-.18 E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 -E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(64)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 65 65 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E .786(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 84 R .785 +E .785(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 534 R .786 (wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 2.5 -(dence. The)144 96 R -.25(eva)2.5 G(luation depends on the number of ar) -.25 E(guments; see belo)-.18 E -.65(w.)-.25 G/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!) -144 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G -(ue if).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\() -144 120 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)6.77 -F .26(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26 +(dence. The)144 546 R -.25(eva)2.5 G +(luation depends on the number of ar).25 E(guments; see belo)-.18 E -.65 +(w.)-.25 G F1(!)144 558 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G +(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\() +144 570 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)6.77 +F .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26 (his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 132 Q F2 -.2(ex) -144 144 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 156 S(ue if both).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F2 --.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F2 -.2(ex)144 168 S(pr1).2 E -F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 180 S -(ue if either).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 196.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 582 Q F3 -.2(ex) +144 594 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 +(Tr)180 606 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F3 +-.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 618 S(pr1).2 E +F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 630 S +(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G +(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 646.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 214.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 226.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 238.8 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 250.8 Q +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 664.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 676.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 688.8 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 700.8 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 262.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 274.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 -F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 286.8 R .38 -(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 -298.8 Q .553(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .552 +E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(65)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 66 66 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E 2.5(2a)144 84 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37 +(If the \214rst ar)180 96 R .37(gument is)-.18 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37 +(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 108 R .38 +(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 +120 Q .552(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .552 (the e)2.802 F .552(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F -.552(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 310.8 Q +.552(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 132 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 322.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .023(If the second ar)180 334.8 R .023 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 144 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .024(If the second ar)180 156 R .023 (gument is one of the binary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F -.324 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CON-)2.524 E(DITION)180 346.8 Q -1.478(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 1.477(the result of the e)3.727 F -1.477(xpression is the result of the binary test)-.15 F .513 -(using the \214rst and third ar)180 358.8 R .513(guments as operands.) --.18 F(The)5.513 E F1<ad61>3.013 E F0(and)3.013 E F1<ad6f>3.013 E F0 -.513(operators are considered)3.013 F .972 -(binary operators when there are three ar)180 370.8 R 3.472(guments. If) +.323 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CON-)2.523 E(DITION)180 168 Q 1.477 +(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F3(,)A F0 1.477(the result of the e)3.727 F 1.477 +(xpression is the result of the binary test)-.15 F .513 +(using the \214rst and third ar)180 180 R .513(guments as operands.)-.18 +F(The)5.513 E F1<ad61>3.013 E F0(and)3.013 E F1<ad6f>3.013 E F0 .512 +(operators are considered)3.013 F .972 +(binary operators when there are three ar)180 192 R 3.472(guments. If) -.18 F .972(the \214rst ar)3.472 F .972(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.472 E F0 -3.472(,t)C .972(he v)-3.472 F .972(alue is)-.25 F .883(the ne)180 382.8 -R -.05(ga)-.15 G .883(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 E .884 -(gument test using the second and third ar)-.18 F 3.384(guments. If)-.18 -F .884(the \214rst)3.384 F(ar)180 394.8 Q .875(gument is e)-.18 F -(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.375 E F0 .875(and the third ar)3.375 F .875 -(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))3.375 E F0 3.374(,t)C .874 -(he result is the one-ar)-3.374 F(gument)-.18 E(test of the second ar) -180 406.8 Q 2.5(gument. Otherwise,)-.18 F(the e)2.5 E(xpression is f) --.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 418.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384 -(If the \214rst ar)180 430.8 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.884 E F0 -2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385 -(tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385(xpression com-) --.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 442.8 R 4.147 -(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647 +3.472(,t)C .972(he v)-3.472 F .972(alue is)-.25 F .884(the ne)180 204 R +-.05(ga)-.15 G .884(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 E .884 +(gument test using the second and third ar)-.18 F 3.383(guments. If)-.18 +F .883(the \214rst)3.383 F(ar)180 216 Q .874(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly) +-.15 E F1(\()3.374 E F0 .875(and the third ar)3.374 F .875(gument is e) +-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))3.375 E F0 3.375(,t)C .875 +(he result is the one-ar)-3.375 F(gument)-.18 E(test of the second ar) +180 228 Q 2.5(gument. Otherwise,)-.18 F(the e)2.5 E(xpression is f)-.15 +E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 240 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385 +(If the \214rst ar)180 252 R .385(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.885 E F0 2.885 +(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .384 +(tion of the three-ar).05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384(xpression com-) +-.15 F 1.647(posed of the remaining ar)180 264 R 4.147 +(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648 (xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E -(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 454.8 Q -.15(ve) --.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 466.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments) --.18 E 1.635(The e)180 478.8 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 -(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 -490.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(times)108 507.6 Q F0 1.229(Print the \ -accumulated user and system times for the shell and for processes run f\ -rom the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 519.6 Q F1(trap)108 -536.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 -(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .702(The command)144 548.4 R F2(ar) -3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 -(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.203(ss).15 G -(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f)-5.703 E F2 -(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609(absent \(and there is a single) -144 560.4 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E +(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 276 Q -.15(ve) +-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 288 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 +E 1.635(The e)180 300 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va) +-.25 G 1.635(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F +(abo)180 312 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(times)108 328.8 Q F0 1.229(Pri\ +nt the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for processe\ +s run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 340.8 Q F1 +(trap)108 357.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F4 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F4(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E +.703(The command)144 369.6 R F4(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703 +(is to be read and e)3.423 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 +(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.202(ss).15 G +(ignal\(s\))-3.202 E F4(sigspec)3.202 E F0 5.702(.I).31 G(f)-5.702 E F4 +(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.422 E .608(absent \(and there is a single) +144 381.6 R F4(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.658(\(the v)144 572.4 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 -(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 584.4 Q F0 .581 -(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 -(is not present and)3.3 F F1<ad70>3.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 596.4 R -F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 608.4 R F1<ad70>3.36 +.659(\(the v)144 393.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +-.25 F(If)5.658 E F4(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 +(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F4(sigspec) +144.34 405.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) +3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F4(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E +F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F1<ad70>3.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 417.6 R +F4(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 429.6 R F1<ad70>3.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 -(signal. The)144 620.4 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ -to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F -4.311(bers. Each)144 632.4 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.81 -(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E -(names are case insensiti)144 644.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -(nd the SIG pre\214x is optional.).15 E 1.648(If a)144 662.4 R F2 -(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(EXIT)4.148 E F0 1.648 -(\(0\) the command)3.898 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)4.369 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.)-.15 F -1.649(If a)6.649 F F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144 674.4 Q -(UG)-.09 E F4(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F F2(ar)3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 -1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.167(simple command)3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.667 E F0 -(command,)3.667 E F2(case)3.667 E F0(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 686.4 Q F2 -(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)2.646 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146 -(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.646 E F0 .147 -(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147 -(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 698.4 R F3 .146 -(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 -F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 710.4 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7 -(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E(UG) --.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3 -(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 722.4 Q F2(ar) -3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 +(signal. The)144 441.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ +to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31 +(bers. Each)144 453.6 R F4(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F4(signal.h)A F0 1.811 +(>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E +(names are case insensiti)144 465.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +(nd the SIG pre\214x is optional.).15 E 1.649(If a)144 483.6 R F4 +(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F2(EXIT)4.149 E F0 1.649 +(\(0\) the command)3.899 F F4(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)4.369 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.648(xit from the shell.)-.15 F +1.648(If a)6.648 F F4(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F2(DEB)144 495.6 Q +(UG)-.09 E F3(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F F4(ar)3.997 E(g)-.37 E F0 +1.167(is e)3.887 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G(ry).15 E F4 1.168(simple command)3.667 F F0(,)A F4(for)3.668 E F0 +(command,)3.668 E F4(case)3.668 E F0(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 507.6 Q F4 +(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e)2.647 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .147 +(ry arithmetic).15 F F4(for)2.647 E F0 .146 +(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146 +(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 519.6 R F2 .145 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 +F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.646 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 531.6 Q F1(shopt)3.201 E F0 -.2(bu)3.201 +G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E +(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F4(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E +F2(RETURN)3.2 E F3(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand)144 543.6 Q F4(ar) +3.473 E(g)-.37 E F0 .643(is e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.643(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F1(sour)3.143 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30) -148.175 E(65)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 66 66 +.644(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.144 E F0(or)3.144 E F1(sour)3.144 E(ce) +-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 555.6 Q -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .929(If a)144 573.6 R F4(sigspec)3.769 E F0(is) +3.739 E F2(ERR)3.429 E F3(,)A F0 .929(the command)3.179 F F4(ar)3.759 E +(g)-.37 E F0 .929(is e)3.649 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .929(cuted whene).15 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.429(ras).15 G .928(imple command has a non\255zero) +-3.429 F -.15(ex)144 585.6 S 1.008(it status, subject to the follo).15 F +1.009(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)6.009 E F2(ERR)3.509 E F0 1.009 +(trap is not e)3.259 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.009(cuted if the f).15 F 1.009 +(ailed com-)-.1 F .324 +(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 597.6 R .324 +(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.824 E F0(or)2.824 E F1(until)2.824 E F0 -.1 +(ke)2.824 G(yw)-.05 E .324(ord, part of the test)-.1 F 1.128(in an)144 +609.6 R F4(if)3.639 E F0 1.129(statement, part of a command e)5.589 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.129(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.629 E F0(or)3.629 E/F5 10 +/Symbol SF<efef>3.629 E F0 1.129(list, or if the command')3.629 F 3.629 +(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.629 E -.25(va)144 621.6 S(lue is being in).25 E -.15 +(ve)-.4 G(rted via).15 E F1(!)2.5 E F0 5(.T)C +(hese are the same conditions obe)-5 E(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E +(exit)-.18 E F0(option.)2.5 E 1.095 +(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 +639.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 +(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 651.6 R .662 +(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is) +-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 663.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an) +-.1 E(y)-.15 E F4(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G +(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 +680.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F4(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F4 +(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 692.4 S .174 +(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F4(name) +3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 +(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F +F1<ad74>144 704.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0 +.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F4(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E +F4 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F4(function)3.343 E F0 +(,).24 E F4 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F4 +(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F4(name)144.36 716.4 Q F0 .087 +(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 +(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F4 +(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 728.4 R .118 +(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F +F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 +(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 E(66)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 67 67 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(\214nishes e)144 84 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .928(If a)144 -102 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)3.768 E F0(is)3.738 E/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ERR)3.429 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .929 -(the command)3.179 F F1(ar)3.759 E(g)-.37 E F0 .929(is e)3.649 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .929(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.429(ras).15 G .929 -(imple command has a non\255zero)-3.429 F -.15(ex)144 114 S 1.009 -(it status, subject to the follo).15 F 1.009(wing conditions.)-.25 F -(The)6.009 E F2(ERR)3.509 E F0 1.009(trap is not e)3.259 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G 1.008(cuted if the f).15 F 1.008(ailed com-)-.1 F .324 -(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 126 R .324 -(wing a)-.25 F/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(while)2.824 E F0(or)2.824 E F4 -(until)2.824 E F0 -.1(ke)2.824 G(yw)-.05 E .324(ord, part of the test) --.1 F 1.129(in an)144 138 R F1(if)3.639 E F0 1.129 -(statement, part of a command e)5.589 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.129(cuted in a) -.15 F F4(&&)3.629 E F0(or)3.629 E/F5 10/Symbol SF<efef>3.629 E F0 1.129 -(list, or if the command')3.629 F 3.628(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.628 E -.25 -(va)144 150 S(lue is being in).25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(rted via).15 E F4(!) -2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(hese are the same conditions obe)-5 E(yed by the)-.15 E -F4(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(option.)2.5 E 1.095 -(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -168 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 -(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 180 R .662 -(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is) --.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 192 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 -E(y)-.15 E F1(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid; otherwise).25 E F4(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F4(type)108 -208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F4(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 220.8 S .173 -(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F1(name) -3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 -(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F -F4<ad74>144 232.8 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F4(type)3.343 E F0 -.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F1(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E -F1 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F1(function)3.343 E F0 -(,).24 E F1 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F1 -(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F1(name)144.36 244.8 Q F0 .086 -(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 -(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F1 -(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 256.8 R .118 -(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F -F4<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F4(type)2.618 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 268.8 R .855 -(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F1(name)3.715 E F0 -.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if) -144 280.8 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 -G .641(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E -F4<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F2 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 -E F0 .112(search for each)144 292.8 R F1(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15 -(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0 --.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I) -.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F4<ad70>2.613 E -F0(and)144 304.8 Q F4<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F -.444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F2 --.666(PA)2.944 G(TH)-.189 E F3(.)A F0 .444(If the)4.944 F F4<ad61>2.944 -E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 316.8 R F4(type)2.765 E F0 .265 -(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .265 -(cutable named).15 F F1(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265 -(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427(and functions, if and only if the) -144 328.8 R F4<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F -.426(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548 -(consulted when using)144 340.8 R F4<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he) --5.548 E F4<ad66>3.048 E F0 .549 -(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.048 F F4 -(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 352.8 S(iltin.).2 E F4(type)5 E F0 +-.35 E .855(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 84 R +.855(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.715 E F0 .855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 +F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144 96 R/F2 10/Courier@0 SF .64 +(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641(uld not return).1 F F1 +(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666 +(PA)3.141 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 108 R F1(name)2.613 E +F0 2.613(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F2 .113 +(type -t name)2.613 F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F1 +(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112 +(command is hashed,)-.001 F F3<ad70>2.612 E F0(and)144 120 Q F3<ad50> +2.944 E F0 .444(print the hashed v)2.944 F .444 +(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F4 +-.666(PA)2.945 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .445(If the) +4.945 F F3<ad61>2.945 E F0(option)2.945 E .265(is used,)144 132 R F3 +(type)2.765 E F0 .265(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .265(cutable named).15 F F1(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 +G .265(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .426 +(and functions, if and only if the)144 144 R F3<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426 +(option is not also used.)2.926 F .427 +(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .549(consulted when using) +144 156 R F3<ad61>3.049 E F0 5.549(.T)C(he)-5.549 E F3<ad66>3.049 E F0 +.548(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.049 F F3 +(command)3.048 E F0 -.2(bu)144 168 S(iltin.).2 E F3(type)5 E F0 (returns true if all of the ar)2.5 E(guments are found, f)-.18 E -(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F4(ulimit)108 369.6 -Q F0([)2.5 E F4(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 381.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 +(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F3(ulimit)108 184.8 +Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 196.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.943(that allo)144 393.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F -(The)5.943 E F4<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F4<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944 +.944(that allo)144 208.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F +(The)5.944 E F3<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F3<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 405.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208 +144 220.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 417.6 R .425 -(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F4<ad48>2.926 E -F0(nor)2.926 E F4<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426 -(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -429.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 232.8 R .426 +(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F3<ad48>2.925 E +F0(nor)2.925 E F3<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425 +(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 +244.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.741(of the special v)144 441.6 R(alues)-.25 E F4(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F4 -(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F4(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) +.742(of the special v)144 256.8 R(alues)-.25 E F3(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F3 +(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F3(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78 -(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 453.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 268.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F1(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 -F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 465.6 R F4<ad48>2.999 E F0 -.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499 +F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 280.8 R F3<ad48>2.999 E F0 +.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F -(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 477.6 Q 2.5 -(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F4 -<ad61>144 489.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F4<ad62>144 -501.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E -F4<ad63>144 513.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E -F4<ad64>144 525.6 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd) --.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F4<ad65>144 537.6 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F4<ad66>144 549.6 Q +(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 292.8 Q 2.5 +(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F3 +<ad61>144 304.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F3<ad62>144 +316.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E +F3<ad63>144 328.8 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E +F3<ad64>144 340.8 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd) +-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F3<ad65>144 352.8 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F3<ad66>144 364.8 Q F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children) -26.97 E F4<ad69>144 561.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals) -27.52 E F4<ad6c>144 573.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E -(ed into memory)-.1 E F4<ad6d>144 585.6 Q F0 +26.97 E F3<ad69>144 376.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals) +27.52 E F3<ad6c>144 388.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E +(ed into memory)-.1 E F3<ad6d>144 400.8 Q F0 (The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F4<ad6e>144 597.6 Q F0 .791(Th\ +(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F3<ad6e>144 412.8 Q F0 .791(Th\ e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) -24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180 -609.6 Q F4<ad70>144 621.6 Q F0 -(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F4 -<ad71>144 633.6 Q F0 -(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F4<ad72>144 -645.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F4<ad73>144 -657.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F4<ad74>144 669.6 Q F0 -(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F4<ad75>144 681.6 Q +24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F +(be set\))180 424.8 Q F3<ad70>144 436.8 Q F0 +(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F3 +<ad71>144 448.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F3<ad72>144 +460.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F3<ad73>144 +472.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F3<ad74>144 484.8 Q F0 +(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F3<ad75>144 496.8 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to a single user).25 E F4<ad76>144 693.6 Q F0 +(ilable to a single user).25 E F3<ad76>144 508.8 Q F0 (The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to the shell).25 E F4<ad78>144 705.6 Q F0 -(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F4<ad54>144 717.6 Q F0 -(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2009 July 30)148.175 E(66)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 67 67 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(If)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi) -3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343 -(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 -F .176(option is gi)144 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F2<ad66> -2.676 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175 -(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F2 -<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 108 Q -F2<ad70>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015 -(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.515 F F2<ad54>2.516 E F0(,) -A F2<ad62>2.516 E F0(,)A F2<ad6e>2.516 E F0 2.516(,a)C(nd)-2.516 E F2 -<ad75>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016(hich are unscaled v)-2.516 F(al-)-.25 E -3.788(ues. The)144 120 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F +(ilable to the shell).25 E F3<ad78>144 520.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F3<ad54>144 532.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 549.6 Q F1(limit)2.933 E +F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843 +(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F3<ad61> +2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F +.175(option is gi)144 561.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F3<ad66> +2.675 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175 +(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F3 +<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 573.6 +Q F3<ad70>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016 +(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.516 F F3<ad54>2.516 E F0(,) +A F3<ad62>2.515 E F0(,)A F3<ad6e>2.515 E F0 2.515(,a)C(nd)-2.515 E F3 +<ad75>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015(hich are unscaled v)-2.515 F(al-)-.25 E +3.787(ues. The)144 585.6 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287 (gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144 -132 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F2(umask)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2 -(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 160.8 R F1(mode)2.7 E F0 +597.6 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F3(umask)108 614.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3 +<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2 +(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 626.4 R F1(mode)2.7 E F0 5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F1(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 172.8 R F1 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -184.8 Q F1(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 -(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F2<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382 +pted by)144 638.4 R F1 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +650.4 Q F1(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 +(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F3<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 196.8 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 662.4 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G -(he)-3.047 E F2<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F1 -(mode)144.38 208.8 Q F0 .551 -(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231 -F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 220.8 Q +(he)-3.047 E F3<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F1 +(mode)144.38 674.4 Q F0 .552 +(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232 +F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 686.4 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F1(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E -(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F2 -(unalias)108 237.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 249.6 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F1(name) +(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F3 +(unalias)108 703.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F3(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 715.2 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F1(name) 4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E -F2<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 -F(remo)144 261.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +F3<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 +F(remo)144 727.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F2(unset)108 278.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2 -(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 290.4 S 3.106 -(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F1(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E -.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607 -(ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the) -5.607 F F2<ad76>144 302.4 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.305(n, each).15 F F1(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F -2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304 -(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F2<ad66>144 314.4 Q F0 .459 -(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F1(name)3.319 E F0 .459 -(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139 -F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 326.4 R .903 +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17) +142.065 E(67)192.055 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 68 68 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) +-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(unset)108 84 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(fv)A F0 2.5 +(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 96 S +3.107(re).15 G(ach)-3.107 E F2(name)3.107 E F0 3.107(,r).18 G(emo)-3.107 +E .907 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .607(he corresponding v).15 F .607 +(ariable or function.)-.25 F .606(If no options are supplied, or the) +5.607 F F1<ad76>144 108 Q F0 .304(option is gi)2.804 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.164 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F +2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .305 +(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.305 E F1<ad66>144 120 Q F0 .46 +(is speci\214ed, each)2.96 F F2(name)3.32 E F0 .459 +(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.14 +F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.959(d. 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b)5.595 F .594(ug reports may)-.2 F -(be mailed to)108 554.4 Q F4 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 -(or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F1(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) --.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 571.2 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v) -108 588 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 600 Q -(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 612 Q -2.5(Ad)108 624 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 E -2.5(As)108 636 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F4(bashb)108.27 652.8 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 +(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567(ug, and)-.2 F 5.625 +(that it appears in the latest v)108 302.4 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 F F3 +(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.626 +(ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.626(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.626 +(ilable from).25 F F1(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 314.4 Q(g/pub/bash/)-.37 E F0 +(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 331.2 R .711 -.15(ve d)-.2 H .411 +(etermined that a b).15 F .411(ug actually e)-.2 F .411(xists, use the) +-.15 F F1(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41(command to submit a b)3.13 F .41 +(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594(you ha)108 343.2 R .894 -.15(ve a \214) +-.2 H .595(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595 +(Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .595(ug reports may)-.2 F +(be mailed to)108 355.2 Q F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 +(or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F3(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) +-.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 372 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v)108 +388.8 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 400.8 Q +(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 412.8 Q +2.5(Ad)108 424.8 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 E +2.5(As)108 436.8 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F1(bashb)108.27 453.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 (inserts the \214rst three items automatically into the template it pro) 2.72 E(vides for \214ling a b)-.15 E(ug report.)-.2 E(Comments and b)108 -669.6 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 -E F4 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et@po.cwru.edu).15 E F0(.).25 E F3 -.11(BU)72 686.4 S -(GS).11 E F0(It')108 698.4 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G(oo big and too slo)-2.5 E --.65(w.)-.25 G 1.868(There are some subtle dif)108 715.2 R 1.868 -(ferences between)-.25 F F1(bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v) -4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F F1(sh)4.369 E F0 4.369(,m)C 1.869 -(ostly because of the)-4.369 F F2(POSIX)108 727.2 Q F0(speci\214cation.) -2.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E(68)198.165 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 69 69 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\)) --.35 E(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 84 Q(Shell b)108 100.8 Q +470.4 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 +E F1 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et@po.cwru.edu).15 E F0(.).25 E F2 -.11(BU)72 487.2 S +(GS).11 E F0(It')108 499.2 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G(oo big and too slo)-2.5 E +-.65(w.)-.25 G 1.869(There are some subtle dif)108 516 R 1.869 +(ferences between)-.25 F F3(bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v) +4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F F3(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868 +(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 528 Q F0 +(speci\214cation.)2.25 E(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 544.8 Q +(Shell b)108 561.6 Q (uiltin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.)-.2 E 1.315(Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' a\ -re not handled gracefully when)108 117.6 R .389 -(process suspension is attempted.)108 129.6 R .389 -(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.389 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G .39(cutes the ne).15 F .39(xt com-)-.15 F .193(mand in the sequence.) -108 141.6 R .192(It suf)5.193 F .192(\214ces to place the sequence of c\ -ommands between parentheses to force it into a)-.25 F -(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 153.6 Q(Array v)108 170.4 -Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E -(There may be only one acti)108 187.2 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H -(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 July 30)148.175 E -(69)198.165 E 0 Cg EP +re not handled gracefully when)108 578.4 R .39 +(process suspension is attempted.)108 590.4 R .389 +(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G .389(cutes the ne).15 F .389(xt com-)-.15 F .192 +(mand in the sequence.)108 602.4 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \ +place the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a) +-.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 614.4 Q(Array v)108 +631.2 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E +(There may be only one acti)108 648 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H +(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 August 17)142.065 +E(69)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Trailer end %%EOF diff --git a/doc/bashref.aux b/doc/bashref.aux index aeae83b0..63a14e74 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.aux +++ b/doc/bashref.aux @@ -182,11 +182,11 @@ @xrdef{Interactive Shells-snt}{Section@tie 6.3} @xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-title}{What is an Interactive Shell?} @xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.1} -@xrdef{Interactive Shells-pg}{74} @xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-title}{Is this Shell Interactive?} @xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.2} @xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-title}{Interactive Shell Behavior} @xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.3} +@xrdef{Interactive Shells-pg}{75} @xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-pg}{75} @xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-pg}{75} @xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-pg}{75} @@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ @xrdef{Programmable Completion-pg}{112} @xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-title}{Programmable Completion Builtins} @xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 8.7} -@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-pg}{113} +@xrdef{Programmable Completion Builtins-pg}{114} @xrdef{Using History Interactively-title}{Using History Interactively} @xrdef{Using History Interactively-snt}{Chapter@tie 9} @xrdef{Bash History Facilities-title}{Bash History Facilities} diff --git a/doc/bashref.bt b/doc/bashref.bt index 9b0a1b37..da3fd67b 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.bt +++ b/doc/bashref.bt @@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ \entry{wait}{89}{\code {wait}} \entry{disown}{89}{\code {disown}} \entry{suspend}{89}{\code {suspend}} -\entry{compgen}{113}{\code {compgen}} +\entry{compgen}{114}{\code {compgen}} \entry{complete}{114}{\code {complete}} -\entry{compopt}{116}{\code {compopt}} +\entry{compopt}{117}{\code {compopt}} \entry{fc}{119}{\code {fc}} \entry{history}{120}{\code {history}} diff --git a/doc/bashref.bts b/doc/bashref.bts index 7cc1095a..a2dd60a4 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.bts +++ b/doc/bashref.bts @@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ \entry {\code {caller}}{43} \entry {\code {cd}}{36} \entry {\code {command}}{43} -\entry {\code {compgen}}{113} +\entry {\code {compgen}}{114} \entry {\code {complete}}{114} -\entry {\code {compopt}}{116} +\entry {\code {compopt}}{117} \entry {\code {continue}}{36} \initial {D} \entry {\code {declare}}{43} diff --git a/doc/bashref.cp b/doc/bashref.cp index b5481c84..7e00ddc2 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.cp +++ b/doc/bashref.cp @@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ \entry{login shell}{73}{login shell} \entry{interactive shell}{73}{interactive shell} \entry{startup files}{73}{startup files} -\entry{interactive shell}{74}{interactive shell} -\entry{shell, interactive}{74}{shell, interactive} +\entry{interactive shell}{75}{interactive shell} +\entry{shell, interactive}{75}{shell, interactive} \entry{expressions, conditional}{76}{expressions, conditional} \entry{arithmetic, shell}{78}{arithmetic, shell} \entry{shell arithmetic}{78}{shell arithmetic} @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ \entry{initialization file, readline}{94}{initialization file, readline} \entry{variables, readline}{95}{variables, readline} \entry{programmable completion}{112}{programmable completion} -\entry{completion builtins}{113}{completion builtins} +\entry{completion builtins}{114}{completion builtins} \entry{History, how to use}{117}{History, how to use} \entry{command history}{119}{command history} \entry{history list}{119}{history list} diff --git a/doc/bashref.cps b/doc/bashref.cps index 9ce3b6c1..f24838d0 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.cps +++ b/doc/bashref.cps @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ \entry {commands, shell}{7} \entry {commands, simple}{8} \entry {comments, shell}{7} -\entry {completion builtins}{113} +\entry {completion builtins}{114} \entry {configuration}{125} \entry {control operator}{3} \entry {coprocess}{13} @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ \entry {initialization file, readline}{94} \entry {installation}{125} \entry {interaction, readline}{91} -\entry {interactive shell}{73, 74} +\entry {interactive shell}{73, 75} \entry {internationalization}{7} \initial {J} \entry {job}{3} @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ \entry {shell function}{14} \entry {shell script}{33} \entry {shell variable}{15} -\entry {shell, interactive}{74} +\entry {shell, interactive}{75} \entry {signal}{4} \entry {signal handling}{32} \entry {special builtin}{4, 59} diff --git a/doc/bashref.dvi b/doc/bashref.dvi Binary files differindex 89f290d7..f58914d5 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.dvi +++ b/doc/bashref.dvi diff --git a/doc/bashref.fn b/doc/bashref.fn index 22c5bb68..b7d34561 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.fn +++ b/doc/bashref.fn @@ -84,11 +84,12 @@ \entry{exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}{110}{\code {exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)}} \entry{character-search (C-])}{110}{\code {character-search (C-])}} \entry{character-search-backward (M-C-])}{110}{\code {character-search-backward (M-C-])}} +\entry{skip-csi-sequence ()}{110}{\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}} \entry{insert-comment (M-#)}{110}{\code {insert-comment (M-#)}} \entry{dump-functions ()}{110}{\code {dump-functions ()}} \entry{dump-variables ()}{110}{\code {dump-variables ()}} \entry{dump-macros ()}{110}{\code {dump-macros ()}} -\entry{glob-complete-word (M-g)}{110}{\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}} +\entry{glob-complete-word (M-g)}{111}{\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}} \entry{glob-expand-word (C-x *)}{111}{\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}} \entry{glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}{111}{\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}} \entry{display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}{111}{\code {display-shell-version (C-x C-v)}} diff --git a/doc/bashref.fns b/doc/bashref.fns index 19d990ab..44d1a349 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.fns +++ b/doc/bashref.fns @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ \entry {\code {forward-search-history (C-s)}}{104} \entry {\code {forward-word (M-f)}}{103} \initial {G} -\entry {\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}{110} +\entry {\code {glob-complete-word (M-g)}}{111} \entry {\code {glob-expand-word (C-x *)}}{111} \entry {\code {glob-list-expansions (C-x g)}}{111} \initial {H} @@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ \entry {\code {shell-expand-line (M-C-e)}}{111} \entry {\code {shell-forward-word ()}}{103} \entry {\code {shell-kill-word ()}}{106} +\entry {\code {skip-csi-sequence ()}}{110} \entry {\code {start-kbd-macro (C-x ()}}{109} \initial {T} \entry {\code {tilde-expand (M-&)}}{110} diff --git a/doc/bashref.html b/doc/bashref.html index a495c7c9..f5af2859 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.html +++ b/doc/bashref.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ <HTML> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<!-- Created on August, 3 2009 by texi2html 1.64 --> +<!-- Created on August, 17 2009 by texi2html 1.64 --> <!-- Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author) Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> @@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html@mathematik.uni-kl.de> <H1>Bash Reference Manual</H1></P><P> This text is a brief description of the features that are present in -the Bash shell (version 4.0, 17 June 2009). +the Bash shell (version 4.0, 17 August 2009). </P><P> -This is Edition 4.0, last updated 17 June 2009, +This is Edition 4.0, last updated 17 August 2009, of <CITE>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</CITE>, for <CODE>Bash</CODE>, Version 4.0. </P><P> @@ -5339,8 +5339,8 @@ This also affects the editing interface used for <CODE>read -e</CODE>. <DD>Turn on privileged mode. In this mode, the <CODE>$BASH_ENV</CODE> and <CODE>$ENV</CODE> files are not processed, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, -and the <CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>CDPATH</CODE> and <CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE> variables, -if they appear in the environment, are ignored. +and the <CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>CDPATH</CODE> and <CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE> +variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user (group) id, and the <CODE>-p</CODE> option is not supplied, these actions are taken and the effective user id is set to the real user id. @@ -6036,16 +6036,29 @@ The full pathname used to execute the current instance of Bash. <P> <A NAME="IDX134"></A> -<DT><CODE>BASHPID</CODE> +<DT><CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE> <DD><A NAME="IDX135"></A> +A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in +the list is a valid argument for the <SAMP>`-s'</SAMP> option to the +<CODE>shopt</CODE> builtin command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC63">4.3.2 The Shopt Builtin</A>). +The options appearing in <CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE> are those reported +as <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by <SAMP>`shopt'</SAMP>. +If this variable is in the environment when Bash +starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before +reading any startup files. This variable is readonly. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX136"></A> +<DT><CODE>BASHPID</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX137"></A> Expands to the process id of the current Bash process. This differs from <CODE>$$</CODE> under certain circumstances, such as subshells that do not require Bash to be re-initialized. <P> -<A NAME="IDX136"></A> +<A NAME="IDX138"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX137"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX139"></A> An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal list of aliases as maintained by the <CODE>alias</CODE> builtin (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A>). @@ -6053,9 +6066,9 @@ Elements added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting array elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list. <P> -<A NAME="IDX138"></A> +<A NAME="IDX140"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX139"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX141"></A> An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in each frame of the current bash execution call stack. The number of parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or script executed @@ -6068,9 +6081,9 @@ for a description of the <CODE>extdebug</CODE> option to the <CODE>shopt</CODE> builtin). <P> -<A NAME="IDX140"></A> +<A NAME="IDX142"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX141"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX143"></A> An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current bash execution call stack. The final parameter of the last subroutine call is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is @@ -6082,9 +6095,9 @@ for a description of the <CODE>extdebug</CODE> option to the <CODE>shopt</CODE> builtin). <P> -<A NAME="IDX142"></A> +<A NAME="IDX144"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX143"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX145"></A> An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal hash table of commands as maintained by the <CODE>hash</CODE> builtin (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A>). @@ -6092,31 +6105,31 @@ Elements added to this array appear in the hash table; unsetting array elements cause commands to be removed from the hash table. <P> -<A NAME="IDX144"></A> +<A NAME="IDX146"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX145"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX147"></A> The command currently being executed or about to be executed, unless the shell is executing a command as the result of a trap, in which case it is the command executing at the time of the trap. <P> -<A NAME="IDX146"></A> +<A NAME="IDX148"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX147"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX149"></A> If this variable is set when Bash is invoked to execute a shell script, its value is expanded and used as the name of a startup file to read before executing the script. See section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC70">6.2 Bash Startup Files</A>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX148"></A> +<A NAME="IDX150"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX149"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX151"></A> The command argument to the <SAMP>`-c'</SAMP> invocation option. <P> -<A NAME="IDX150"></A> +<A NAME="IDX152"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX151"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX153"></A> An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files corresponding to each member of <VAR>FUNCNAME</VAR>. <CODE>${BASH_LINENO[$i]}</CODE> is the line number in the source file where @@ -6126,9 +6139,9 @@ The corresponding source file name is <CODE>${BASH_SOURCE[$i]}</CODE>. Use <CODE>LINENO</CODE> to obtain the current line number. <P> -<A NAME="IDX152"></A> +<A NAME="IDX154"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX153"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX155"></A> An array variable whose members are assigned by the <SAMP>`=~'</SAMP> binary operator to the <CODE>[[</CODE> conditional command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC21">3.2.4.2 Conditional Constructs</A>). @@ -6139,23 +6152,23 @@ string matching the <VAR>n</VAR>th parenthesized subexpression. This variable is read-only. <P> -<A NAME="IDX154"></A> +<A NAME="IDX156"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX155"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX157"></A> An array variable whose members are the source filenames corresponding to the elements in the <CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE> array variable. <P> -<A NAME="IDX156"></A> +<A NAME="IDX158"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX157"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX159"></A> Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment is spawned. The initial value is 0. <P> -<A NAME="IDX158"></A> +<A NAME="IDX160"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX159"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX161"></A> A readonly array variable (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC85">6.7 Arrays</A>) whose members hold version information for this instance of Bash. The values assigned to the array members are as follows: @@ -6190,41 +6203,58 @@ The values assigned to the array members are as follows: </DL> <P> -<A NAME="IDX160"></A> +<A NAME="IDX162"></A> <DT><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX161"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX163"></A> The version number of the current instance of Bash. <P> -<A NAME="IDX162"></A> +<A NAME="IDX164"></A> +<DT><CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX165"></A> +If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, Bash +will write the trace output generated when <SAMP>`set -x'</SAMP> +is enabled to that file descriptor. +This allows tracing output to be separated from diagnostic and error +messages. +The file descriptor is closed when <CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE> is unset or assigned +a new value. +Unsetting <CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE> or assigning it the empty string causes the +trace output to be sent to the standard error. +Note that setting <CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE> to 2 (the standard error file +descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error +being closed. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX166"></A> <DT><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX163"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX167"></A> Used by the <CODE>select</CODE> builtin command to determine the terminal width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a <CODE>SIGWINCH</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX164"></A> +<A NAME="IDX168"></A> <DT><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX165"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX169"></A> An index into <CODE>${COMP_WORDS}</CODE> of the word containing the current cursor position. This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX166"></A> +<A NAME="IDX170"></A> <DT><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX167"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX171"></A> The current command line. This variable is available only in shell functions and external commands invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX168"></A> +<A NAME="IDX172"></A> <DT><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX169"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX173"></A> The index of the current cursor position relative to the beginning of the current command. If the current cursor position is at the end of the current command, @@ -6234,9 +6264,9 @@ commands invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX170"></A> +<A NAME="IDX174"></A> <DT><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX171"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX175"></A> Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion attempted that caused a completion function to be called: <VAR>TAB</VAR>, for normal completion, @@ -6250,25 +6280,25 @@ commands invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX172"></A> +<A NAME="IDX176"></A> <DT><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX173"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX177"></A> The key (or final key of a key sequence) used to invoke the current completion function. <P> -<A NAME="IDX174"></A> +<A NAME="IDX178"></A> <DT><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX175"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX179"></A> The set of characters that the Readline library treats as word separators when performing word completion. If <CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. <P> -<A NAME="IDX176"></A> +<A NAME="IDX180"></A> <DT><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX177"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX181"></A> An array variable consisting of the individual words in the current command line. The line is split into words as Readline would split it, using @@ -6277,17 +6307,17 @@ This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX178"></A> +<A NAME="IDX182"></A> <DT><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX179"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX183"></A> An array variable from which Bash reads the possible completions generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable completion facility (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX180"></A> +<A NAME="IDX184"></A> <DT><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX181"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX185"></A> An array variable containing the current contents of the directory stack. Directories appear in the stack in the order they are displayed by the <CODE>dirs</CODE> builtin. @@ -6299,31 +6329,31 @@ If <CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. <P> -<A NAME="IDX182"></A> +<A NAME="IDX186"></A> <DT><CODE>EMACS</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX183"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX187"></A> If Bash finds this variable in the environment when the shell starts with value <SAMP>`t'</SAMP>, it assumes that the shell is running in an emacs shell buffer and disables line editing. <P> -<A NAME="IDX184"></A> +<A NAME="IDX188"></A> <DT><CODE>EUID</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX185"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX189"></A> The numeric effective user id of the current user. This variable is readonly. <P> -<A NAME="IDX186"></A> +<A NAME="IDX190"></A> <DT><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX187"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX191"></A> The editor used as a default by the <SAMP>`-e'</SAMP> option to the <CODE>fc</CODE> builtin command. <P> -<A NAME="IDX188"></A> +<A NAME="IDX192"></A> <DT><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX189"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX193"></A> A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing filename completion. A file name whose suffix matches one of the entries in @@ -6332,9 +6362,9 @@ is excluded from the list of matched file names. A sample value is <SAMP>`.o:~'</SAMP> <P> -<A NAME="IDX190"></A> +<A NAME="IDX194"></A> <DT><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX191"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX195"></A> An array variable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the execution call stack. The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing @@ -6346,9 +6376,9 @@ If <CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. <P> -<A NAME="IDX192"></A> +<A NAME="IDX196"></A> <DT><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX193"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX197"></A> A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames to be ignored by filename expansion. If a filename matched by a filename expansion pattern also matches one @@ -6356,9 +6386,9 @@ of the patterns in <CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE>, it is removed from the list of matches. <P> -<A NAME="IDX194"></A> +<A NAME="IDX198"></A> <DT><CODE>GROUPS</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX195"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX199"></A> An array variable containing the list of groups of which the current user is a member. Assignments to <CODE>GROUPS</CODE> have no effect and return an error status. @@ -6366,9 +6396,9 @@ If <CODE>GROUPS</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. <P> -<A NAME="IDX196"></A> +<A NAME="IDX200"></A> <DT><CODE>histchars</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX197"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX201"></A> Up to three characters which control history expansion, quick substitution, and tokenization (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.3 History Expansion</A>). The first character is the @@ -6383,17 +6413,17 @@ remaining words on the line. It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat the rest of the line as a comment. <P> -<A NAME="IDX198"></A> +<A NAME="IDX202"></A> <DT><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX199"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX203"></A> The history number, or index in the history list, of the current command. If <CODE>HISTCMD</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset. <P> -<A NAME="IDX200"></A> +<A NAME="IDX204"></A> <DT><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX201"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX205"></A> A colon-separated list of values controlling how commands are saved on the history list. If the list of values includes <SAMP>`ignorespace'</SAMP>, lines which begin @@ -6414,16 +6444,16 @@ not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of <CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX202"></A> +<A NAME="IDX206"></A> <DT><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX203"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX207"></A> The name of the file to which the command history is saved. The default value is <TT>`~/.bash_history'</TT>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX204"></A> +<A NAME="IDX208"></A> <DT><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX205"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX209"></A> The maximum number of lines contained in the history file. When this variable is assigned a value, the history file is truncated, if necessary, by removing the oldest entries, @@ -6433,9 +6463,9 @@ writing it when an interactive shell exits. The default value is 500. <P> -<A NAME="IDX206"></A> +<A NAME="IDX210"></A> <DT><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX207"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX211"></A> A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command lines should be saved on the history list. Each pattern is anchored at the beginning of the line and must match the complete @@ -6457,16 +6487,16 @@ Combining these two patterns, separating them with a colon, provides the functionality of <CODE>ignoreboth</CODE>. </P><P> -<A NAME="IDX208"></A> +<A NAME="IDX212"></A> <DT><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX209"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX213"></A> The maximum number of commands to remember on the history list. The default value is 500. <P> -<A NAME="IDX210"></A> +<A NAME="IDX214"></A> <DT><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX211"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX215"></A> If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a format string for <VAR>strftime</VAR> to print the time stamp associated with each history entry displayed by the <CODE>history</CODE> builtin. @@ -6476,9 +6506,9 @@ This uses the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines. <P> -<A NAME="IDX212"></A> +<A NAME="IDX216"></A> <DT><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX213"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX217"></A> Contains the name of a file in the same format as <TT>`/etc/hosts'</TT> that should be read when the shell needs to complete a hostname. The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while the shell @@ -6492,21 +6522,21 @@ Bash attempts to read When <CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE> is unset, the hostname list is cleared. <P> -<A NAME="IDX214"></A> +<A NAME="IDX218"></A> <DT><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX215"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX219"></A> The name of the current host. <P> -<A NAME="IDX216"></A> +<A NAME="IDX220"></A> <DT><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX217"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX221"></A> A string describing the machine Bash is running on. <P> -<A NAME="IDX218"></A> +<A NAME="IDX222"></A> <DT><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX219"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX223"></A> Controls the action of the shell on receipt of an <CODE>EOF</CODE> character as the sole input. If set, the value denotes the number of consecutive <CODE>EOF</CODE> characters that can be read as the @@ -6517,30 +6547,30 @@ If the variable does not exist, then <CODE>EOF</CODE> signifies the end of input to the shell. This is only in effect for interactive shells. <P> -<A NAME="IDX220"></A> +<A NAME="IDX224"></A> <DT><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX221"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX225"></A> The name of the Readline initialization file, overriding the default of <TT>`~/.inputrc'</TT>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX222"></A> +<A NAME="IDX226"></A> <DT><CODE>LANG</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX223"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX227"></A> Used to determine the locale category for any category not specifically selected with a variable starting with <CODE>LC_</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX224"></A> +<A NAME="IDX228"></A> <DT><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX225"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX229"></A> This variable overrides the value of <CODE>LANG</CODE> and any other <CODE>LC_</CODE> variable specifying a locale category. <P> -<A NAME="IDX226"></A> +<A NAME="IDX230"></A> <DT><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX227"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX231"></A> This variable determines the collation order used when sorting the results of filename expansion, and determines the behavior of range expressions, equivalence classes, @@ -6548,51 +6578,51 @@ and collating sequences within filename expansion and pattern matching (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC36">3.5.8 Filename Expansion</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX228"></A> +<A NAME="IDX232"></A> <DT><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX229"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX233"></A> This variable determines the interpretation of characters and the behavior of character classes within filename expansion and pattern matching (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC36">3.5.8 Filename Expansion</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX230"></A> +<A NAME="IDX234"></A> <DT><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX231"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX235"></A> This variable determines the locale used to translate double-quoted strings preceded by a <SAMP>`$'</SAMP> (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX232"></A> +<A NAME="IDX236"></A> <DT><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX233"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX237"></A> This variable determines the locale category used for number formatting. <P> -<A NAME="IDX234"></A> +<A NAME="IDX238"></A> <DT><CODE>LINENO</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX235"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX239"></A> The line number in the script or shell function currently executing. <P> -<A NAME="IDX236"></A> +<A NAME="IDX240"></A> <DT><CODE>LINES</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX237"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX241"></A> Used by the <CODE>select</CODE> builtin command to determine the column length for printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a <CODE>SIGWINCH</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX238"></A> +<A NAME="IDX242"></A> <DT><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX239"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX243"></A> A string that fully describes the system type on which Bash is executing, in the standard GNU <VAR>cpu-company-system</VAR> format. <P> -<A NAME="IDX240"></A> +<A NAME="IDX244"></A> <DT><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX241"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX245"></A> How often (in seconds) that the shell should check for mail in the files specified in the <CODE>MAILPATH</CODE> or <CODE>MAIL</CODE> variables. The default is 60 seconds. When it is time to check @@ -6601,37 +6631,37 @@ If this variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking. <P> -<A NAME="IDX242"></A> +<A NAME="IDX246"></A> <DT><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX243"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX247"></A> The previous working directory as set by the <CODE>cd</CODE> builtin. <P> -<A NAME="IDX244"></A> +<A NAME="IDX248"></A> <DT><CODE>OPTERR</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX245"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX249"></A> If set to the value 1, Bash displays error messages generated by the <CODE>getopts</CODE> builtin command. <P> -<A NAME="IDX246"></A> +<A NAME="IDX250"></A> <DT><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX247"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX251"></A> A string describing the operating system Bash is running on. <P> -<A NAME="IDX248"></A> +<A NAME="IDX252"></A> <DT><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX249"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX253"></A> An array variable (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC85">6.7 Arrays</A>) containing a list of exit status values from the processes in the most-recently-executed foreground pipeline (which may contain only a single command). <P> -<A NAME="IDX250"></A> +<A NAME="IDX254"></A> <DT><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX251"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX255"></A> If this variable is in the environment when <CODE>bash</CODE> starts, the shell enters POSIX mode (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC90">6.11 Bash POSIX Mode</A>) before reading the startup files, as if the <SAMP>`--posix'</SAMP> invocation option had been supplied. @@ -6641,40 +6671,40 @@ as if the command </pre></td></tr></table>had been executed. <P> -<A NAME="IDX252"></A> +<A NAME="IDX256"></A> <DT><CODE>PPID</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX253"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX257"></A> The process ID of the shell's parent process. This variable is readonly. <P> -<A NAME="IDX254"></A> +<A NAME="IDX258"></A> <DT><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX255"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX259"></A> If set, the value is interpreted as a command to execute before the printing of each primary prompt (<CODE>$PS1</CODE>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX256"></A> +<A NAME="IDX260"></A> <DT><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX257"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX261"></A> If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of trailing directory components to retain when expanding the <CODE>\w</CODE> and <CODE>\W</CODE> prompt string escapes (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC88">6.9 Controlling the Prompt</A>). Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis. <P> -<A NAME="IDX258"></A> +<A NAME="IDX262"></A> <DT><CODE>PS3</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX259"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX263"></A> The value of this variable is used as the prompt for the <CODE>select</CODE> command. If this variable is not set, the <CODE>select</CODE> command prompts with <SAMP>`#? '</SAMP> <P> -<A NAME="IDX260"></A> +<A NAME="IDX264"></A> <DT><CODE>PS4</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX261"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX265"></A> The value is the prompt printed before the command line is echoed when the <SAMP>`-x'</SAMP> option is set (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC62">4.3.1 The Set Builtin</A>). The first character of <CODE>PS4</CODE> is replicated multiple times, as @@ -6682,29 +6712,29 @@ necessary, to indicate multiple levels of indirection. The default is <SAMP>`+ '</SAMP>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX262"></A> +<A NAME="IDX266"></A> <DT><CODE>PWD</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX263"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX267"></A> The current working directory as set by the <CODE>cd</CODE> builtin. <P> -<A NAME="IDX264"></A> +<A NAME="IDX268"></A> <DT><CODE>RANDOM</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX265"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX269"></A> Each time this parameter is referenced, a random integer between 0 and 32767 is generated. Assigning a value to this variable seeds the random number generator. <P> -<A NAME="IDX266"></A> +<A NAME="IDX270"></A> <DT><CODE>REPLY</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX267"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX271"></A> The default variable for the <CODE>read</CODE> builtin. <P> -<A NAME="IDX268"></A> +<A NAME="IDX272"></A> <DT><CODE>SECONDS</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX269"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX273"></A> This variable expands to the number of seconds since the shell was started. Assignment to this variable resets the count to the value assigned, and the expanded value @@ -6712,17 +6742,17 @@ becomes the value assigned plus the number of seconds since the assignment. <P> -<A NAME="IDX270"></A> +<A NAME="IDX274"></A> <DT><CODE>SHELL</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX271"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX275"></A> The full pathname to the shell is kept in this environment variable. If it is not set when the shell starts, Bash assigns to it the full pathname of the current user's login shell. <P> -<A NAME="IDX272"></A> +<A NAME="IDX276"></A> <DT><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX273"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX277"></A> A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in the list is a valid argument for the <SAMP>`-o'</SAMP> option to the <CODE>set</CODE> builtin command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC62">4.3.1 The Set Builtin</A>). @@ -6733,16 +6763,16 @@ starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any startup files. This variable is readonly. <P> -<A NAME="IDX274"></A> +<A NAME="IDX278"></A> <DT><CODE>SHLVL</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX275"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX279"></A> Incremented by one each time a new instance of Bash is started. This is intended to be a count of how deeply your Bash shells are nested. <P> -<A NAME="IDX276"></A> +<A NAME="IDX280"></A> <DT><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX277"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX281"></A> The value of this parameter is used as a format string specifying how the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the <CODE>time</CODE> reserved word should be displayed. @@ -6795,9 +6825,9 @@ If this variable is not set, Bash acts as if it had the value A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed. </P><P> -<A NAME="IDX278"></A> +<A NAME="IDX282"></A> <DT><CODE>TMOUT</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX279"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX283"></A> If set to a value greater than zero, <CODE>TMOUT</CODE> is treated as the default timeout for the <CODE>read</CODE> builtin (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A>). The <CODE>select</CODE> command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC21">3.2.4.2 Conditional Constructs</A>) terminates @@ -6812,16 +6842,16 @@ Bash terminates after that number of seconds if input does not arrive. </P><P> -<A NAME="IDX280"></A> +<A NAME="IDX284"></A> <DT><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX281"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX285"></A> If set, Bash uses its value as the name of a directory in which Bash creates temporary files for the shell's use. <P> -<A NAME="IDX282"></A> +<A NAME="IDX286"></A> <DT><CODE>UID</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX283"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX287"></A> The numeric real user id of the current user. This variable is readonly. <P> @@ -7041,12 +7071,12 @@ Any arguments after the <CODE>--</CODE> are treated as filenames and arguments. </DL> <P> -<A NAME="IDX284"></A> +<A NAME="IDX288"></A> A <EM>login</EM> shell is one whose first character of argument zero is <SAMP>`-'</SAMP>, or one invoked with the <SAMP>`--login'</SAMP> option. </P><P> -<A NAME="IDX285"></A> +<A NAME="IDX289"></A> An <EM>interactive</EM> shell is one started without non-option arguments, unless <SAMP>`-s'</SAMP> is specified, without specifying the <SAMP>`-c'</SAMP> option, and whose input and output are both @@ -7219,8 +7249,9 @@ allow them to be specified. If Bash is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user (group) id, and the <CODE>-p</CODE> option is not supplied, no startup files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, -the <CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE> variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored, -and the effective user id is set to the real user id. +the <CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>CDPATH</CODE>, and <CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE> +variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective +user id is set to the real user id. If the <CODE>-p</CODE> option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is the same, but the effective user id is not reset. </P><P> @@ -8048,7 +8079,7 @@ as the value of the <CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE> shell variable. <DL COMPACT> <DT><CODE>dirs</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX286"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX290"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>dirs [+<VAR>N</VAR> | -<VAR>N</VAR>] [-clpv] </pre></td></tr></table>Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories are added to the list with the <CODE>pushd</CODE> command; the @@ -8077,7 +8108,7 @@ line, prefixing each entry with its index in the stack. <P> <DT><CODE>popd</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX287"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX291"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>popd [+<VAR>N</VAR> | -<VAR>N</VAR>] [-n] </pre></td></tr></table><P> @@ -8101,7 +8132,7 @@ from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated. </DL> <P> -<A NAME="IDX288"></A> +<A NAME="IDX292"></A> <DT><CODE>pushd</CODE> <DD><TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>pushd [-n] [<VAR>+N</VAR> | <VAR>-N</VAR> | <VAR>dir</VAR> ] </pre></td></tr></table><P> @@ -8785,7 +8816,7 @@ Bash does not print another warning, and any stopped jobs are terminated. <DL COMPACT> <DT><CODE>bg</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX289"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX293"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>bg [<VAR>jobspec</VAR> <small>...</small>] </pre></td></tr></table>Resume each suspended job <VAR>jobspec</VAR> in the background, as if it had been started with <SAMP>`&'</SAMP>. @@ -8797,7 +8828,7 @@ that was started without job control. <P> <DT><CODE>fg</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX290"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX294"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>fg [<VAR>jobspec</VAR>] </pre></td></tr></table>Resume the job <VAR>jobspec</VAR> in the foreground and make it the current job. If <VAR>jobspec</VAR> is not supplied, the current job is used. @@ -8808,7 +8839,7 @@ job control enabled, <VAR>jobspec</VAR> does not specify a valid job or <P> <DT><CODE>jobs</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX291"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX295"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>jobs [-lnprs] [<VAR>jobspec</VAR>] jobs -x <VAR>command</VAR> [<VAR>arguments</VAR>] </pre></td></tr></table><P> @@ -8853,7 +8884,7 @@ passing it <VAR>argument</VAR>s, returning its exit status. </P><P> <DT><CODE>kill</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX292"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX296"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>kill [-s <VAR>sigspec</VAR>] [-n <VAR>signum</VAR>] [-<VAR>sigspec</VAR>] <VAR>jobspec</VAR> or <VAR>pid</VAR> kill -l [<VAR>exit_status</VAR>] </pre></td></tr></table>Send a signal specified by <VAR>sigspec</VAR> or <VAR>signum</VAR> to the process @@ -8873,7 +8904,7 @@ or non-zero if an error occurs or an invalid option is encountered. <P> <DT><CODE>wait</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX293"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX297"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>wait [<VAR>jobspec</VAR> or <VAR>pid</VAR> ...] </pre></td></tr></table>Wait until the child process specified by each process ID <VAR>pid</VAR> or job specification <VAR>jobspec</VAR> exits and return the exit status of the @@ -8886,7 +8917,7 @@ of the shell, the return status is 127. <P> <DT><CODE>disown</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX294"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX298"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>disown [-ar] [-h] [<VAR>jobspec</VAR> <small>...</small>] </pre></td></tr></table>Without options, each <VAR>jobspec</VAR> is removed from the table of active jobs. @@ -8901,7 +8932,7 @@ argument restricts operation to running jobs. <P> <DT><CODE>suspend</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX295"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX299"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>suspend [-f] </pre></td></tr></table>Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a <CODE>SIGCONT</CODE> signal. @@ -8937,9 +8968,9 @@ supplied process IDs. <DL COMPACT> -<A NAME="IDX296"></A> +<A NAME="IDX300"></A> <DT><CODE>auto_resume</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX297"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX301"></A> This variable controls how the shell interacts with the user and job control. If this variable exists then single word simple commands without redirections are treated as candidates for resumption @@ -8961,7 +8992,7 @@ analogous to the <SAMP>`%'</SAMP> job ID. </DL> <P> -<A NAME="IDX298"></A> +<A NAME="IDX302"></A> </P><P> <A NAME="Command Line Editing"></A> @@ -9235,8 +9266,8 @@ operate on characters while meta keystrokes operate on words. <!--docid::SEC100::--> <P> -<A NAME="IDX299"></A> -<A NAME="IDX300"></A> +<A NAME="IDX303"></A> +<A NAME="IDX304"></A> </P><P> <EM>Killing</EM> text means to delete the text from the line, but to save @@ -9256,7 +9287,7 @@ that when you yank it back, you get it all. The kill ring is not line specific; the text that you killed on a previously typed line is available to be yanked back later, when you are typing another line. -<A NAME="IDX301"></A> +<A NAME="IDX305"></A> </P><P> Here is the list of commands for killing text. @@ -9515,11 +9546,11 @@ A great deal of run-time behavior is changeable with the following variables. </P><P> -<A NAME="IDX302"></A> +<A NAME="IDX306"></A> <DL COMPACT> <DT><CODE>bell-style</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX303"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX307"></A> Controls what happens when Readline wants to ring the terminal bell. If set to <SAMP>`none'</SAMP>, Readline never rings the bell. If set to <SAMP>`visible'</SAMP>, Readline uses a visible bell if one is available. @@ -9528,14 +9559,14 @@ the terminal's bell. <P> <DT><CODE>bind-tty-special-chars</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX304"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX308"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline attempts to bind the control characters treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their Readline equivalents. <P> <DT><CODE>comment-begin</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX305"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX309"></A> The string to insert at the beginning of the line when the <CODE>insert-comment</CODE> command is executed. The default value is <CODE>"#"</CODE>. @@ -9548,7 +9579,7 @@ The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX306"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX310"></A> The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of possible completions that is displayed without modification. When set to a value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than this value are @@ -9556,7 +9587,7 @@ replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions. <P> <DT><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX307"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX311"></A> The number of possible completions that determines when the user is asked whether the list of possibilities should be displayed. If the number of possible completions is greater than this value, @@ -9568,7 +9599,7 @@ The default limit is <CODE>100</CODE>. <P> <DT><CODE>convert-meta</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX308"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX312"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will convert characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth bit and prefixing an <KBD>ESC</KBD> character, converting them to a @@ -9576,14 +9607,14 @@ meta-prefixed key sequence. The default value is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>disable-completion</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX309"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX313"></A> If set to <SAMP>`On'</SAMP>, Readline will inhibit word completion. Completion characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been mapped to <CODE>self-insert</CODE>. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>editing-mode</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX310"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX314"></A> The <CODE>editing-mode</CODE> variable controls which default set of key bindings is used. By default, Readline starts up in Emacs editing mode, where the keystrokes are most similar to Emacs. This variable can be @@ -9591,20 +9622,20 @@ set to either <SAMP>`emacs'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`vi'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX311"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX315"></A> When set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will try to enable the application keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the arrow keys. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX312"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX316"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, tilde expansion is performed when Readline attempts word completion. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX313"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX317"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, the history code attempts to place the point (the current cursor position) at the same location on each history line retrieved with <CODE>previous-history</CODE> @@ -9612,13 +9643,13 @@ or <CODE>next-history</CODE>. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>history-size</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX314"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX318"></A> Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history list. If set to zero, the number of entries in the history list is not limited. <P> <DT><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX315"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX319"></A> This variable can be set to either <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. Setting it to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> means that the text of the lines being edited will scroll horizontally on a single screen line when they are longer than the width @@ -9627,8 +9658,8 @@ this variable is set to <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>input-meta</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX316"></A> -<A NAME="IDX317"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX320"></A> +<A NAME="IDX321"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will enable eight-bit input (it will not clear the eighth bit in the characters it reads), regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The @@ -9637,7 +9668,7 @@ synonym for this variable. <P> <DT><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX318"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX322"></A> The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search without subsequently executing the character as a command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History</A>). If this variable has not been given a value, the characters <KBD>ESC</KBD> and @@ -9645,7 +9676,7 @@ If this variable has not been given a value, the characters <KBD>ESC</KBD> and <P> <DT><CODE>keymap</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX319"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX323"></A> Sets Readline's idea of the current keymap for key binding commands. Acceptable <CODE>keymap</CODE> names are <CODE>emacs</CODE>, @@ -9668,14 +9699,14 @@ appended. The default is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX320"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX324"></A> This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to display an asterisk (<SAMP>`*'</SAMP>) at the start of history lines which have been modified. This variable is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP> by default. <P> <DT><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX321"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX325"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, completed names which are symbolic links to directories have a slash appended (subject to the value of <CODE>mark-directories</CODE>). @@ -9683,7 +9714,7 @@ The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX322"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX326"></A> This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to match files whose names begin with a <SAMP>`.'</SAMP> (hidden files) when performing filename completion, unless the leading <SAMP>`.'</SAMP> is @@ -9692,14 +9723,14 @@ This variable is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by default. <P> <DT><CODE>output-meta</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX323"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX327"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape sequence. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>page-completions</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX324"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX328"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline uses an internal <CODE>more</CODE>-like pager to display a screenful of possible completions at a time. This variable is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by default. @@ -9712,7 +9743,7 @@ The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX325"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX329"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when <CODE>accept-line</CODE> is executed. By default, history lines may be modified and retain individual undo lists across @@ -9720,7 +9751,7 @@ calls to <CODE>readline</CODE>. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX326"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX330"></A> This alters the default behavior of the completion functions. If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, words which have more than one possible completion cause the @@ -9729,7 +9760,7 @@ The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX327"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX331"></A> This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in a fashion similar to <VAR>show-all-if-ambiguous</VAR>. If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, @@ -9741,7 +9772,7 @@ The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. <P> <DT><CODE>visible-stats</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX328"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX332"></A> If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, a character denoting a file's type is appended to the filename when listing possible completions. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. @@ -10165,68 +10196,68 @@ The text between the point and mark is referred to as the <EM>region</EM>. <H3> 8.4.1 Commands For Moving </H3> <!--docid::SEC108::--> <DL COMPACT> -<A NAME="IDX329"></A> +<A NAME="IDX333"></A> <DT><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX330"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX334"></A> Move to the start of the current line. <P> -<A NAME="IDX331"></A> +<A NAME="IDX335"></A> <DT><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX332"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX336"></A> Move to the end of the line. <P> -<A NAME="IDX333"></A> +<A NAME="IDX337"></A> <DT><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX334"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX338"></A> Move forward a character. <P> -<A NAME="IDX335"></A> +<A NAME="IDX339"></A> <DT><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX336"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX340"></A> Move back a character. <P> -<A NAME="IDX337"></A> +<A NAME="IDX341"></A> <DT><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX338"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX342"></A> Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of letters and digits. <P> -<A NAME="IDX339"></A> +<A NAME="IDX343"></A> <DT><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX340"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX344"></A> Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words are composed of letters and digits. <P> -<A NAME="IDX341"></A> +<A NAME="IDX345"></A> <DT><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX342"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX346"></A> Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters. <P> -<A NAME="IDX343"></A> +<A NAME="IDX347"></A> <DT><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX344"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX348"></A> Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters. <P> -<A NAME="IDX345"></A> +<A NAME="IDX349"></A> <DT><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX346"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX350"></A> Clear the screen and redraw the current line, leaving the current line at the top of the screen. <P> -<A NAME="IDX347"></A> +<A NAME="IDX351"></A> <DT><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX348"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX352"></A> Refresh the current line. By default, this is unbound. <P> @@ -10252,9 +10283,9 @@ Refresh the current line. By default, this is unbound. <P> <DL COMPACT> -<A NAME="IDX349"></A> +<A NAME="IDX353"></A> <DT><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX350"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX354"></A> Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line is non-empty, add it to the history list according to the setting of @@ -10263,81 +10294,81 @@ If this line is a modified history line, then restore the history line to its original state. <P> -<A NAME="IDX351"></A> +<A NAME="IDX355"></A> <DT><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX352"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX356"></A> Move `back' through the history list, fetching the previous command. <P> -<A NAME="IDX353"></A> +<A NAME="IDX357"></A> <DT><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX354"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX358"></A> Move `forward' through the history list, fetching the next command. <P> -<A NAME="IDX355"></A> +<A NAME="IDX359"></A> <DT><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-<)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX356"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX360"></A> Move to the first line in the history. <P> -<A NAME="IDX357"></A> +<A NAME="IDX361"></A> <DT><CODE>end-of-history (M->)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX358"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX362"></A> Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently being entered. <P> -<A NAME="IDX359"></A> +<A NAME="IDX363"></A> <DT><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX360"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX364"></A> Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. <P> -<A NAME="IDX361"></A> +<A NAME="IDX365"></A> <DT><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX362"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX366"></A> Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through the the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. <P> -<A NAME="IDX363"></A> +<A NAME="IDX367"></A> <DT><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX364"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX368"></A> Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the user. <P> -<A NAME="IDX365"></A> +<A NAME="IDX369"></A> <DT><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX366"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX370"></A> Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through the the history as necessary using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the user. <P> -<A NAME="IDX367"></A> +<A NAME="IDX371"></A> <DT><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX368"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX372"></A> Search forward through the history for the string of characters between the start of the current line and the point. This is a non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound. <P> -<A NAME="IDX369"></A> +<A NAME="IDX373"></A> <DT><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX370"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX374"></A> Search backward through the history for the string of characters between the start of the current line and the point. This is a non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound. <P> -<A NAME="IDX371"></A> +<A NAME="IDX375"></A> <DT><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX372"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX376"></A> Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually the second word on the previous line) at point. With an argument <VAR>n</VAR>, @@ -10348,9 +10379,9 @@ Once the argument <VAR>n</VAR> is computed, the argument is extracted as if the <SAMP>`!<VAR>n</VAR>'</SAMP> history expansion had been specified. <P> -<A NAME="IDX373"></A> +<A NAME="IDX377"></A> <DT><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX374"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX378"></A> Insert last argument to the previous command (the last word of the previous history entry). With an argument, behave exactly like <CODE>yank-nth-arg</CODE>. @@ -10382,46 +10413,46 @@ as if the <SAMP>`!$'</SAMP> history expansion had been specified. <P> <DL COMPACT> -<A NAME="IDX375"></A> +<A NAME="IDX379"></A> <DT><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX376"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX380"></A> Delete the character at point. If point is at the beginning of the line, there are no characters in the line, and the last character typed was not bound to <CODE>delete-char</CODE>, then return EOF. <P> -<A NAME="IDX377"></A> +<A NAME="IDX381"></A> <DT><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX378"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX382"></A> Delete the character behind the cursor. A numeric argument means to kill the characters instead of deleting them. <P> -<A NAME="IDX379"></A> +<A NAME="IDX383"></A> <DT><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX380"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX384"></A> Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the character behind the cursor is deleted. By default, this is not bound to a key. <P> -<A NAME="IDX381"></A> +<A NAME="IDX385"></A> <DT><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX382"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX386"></A> Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is how to insert key sequences like <KBD>C-q</KBD>, for example. <P> -<A NAME="IDX383"></A> +<A NAME="IDX387"></A> <DT><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX384"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX388"></A> Insert yourself. <P> -<A NAME="IDX385"></A> +<A NAME="IDX389"></A> <DT><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX386"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX390"></A> Drag the character before the cursor forward over the character at the cursor, moving the cursor forward as well. If the insertion point @@ -10430,39 +10461,39 @@ transposes the last two characters of the line. Negative arguments have no effect. <P> -<A NAME="IDX387"></A> +<A NAME="IDX391"></A> <DT><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX388"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX392"></A> Drag the word before point past the word after point, moving point past that word as well. If the insertion point is at the end of the line, this transposes the last two words on the line. <P> -<A NAME="IDX389"></A> +<A NAME="IDX393"></A> <DT><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX390"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX394"></A> Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, uppercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor. <P> -<A NAME="IDX391"></A> +<A NAME="IDX395"></A> <DT><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX392"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX396"></A> Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, lowercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor. <P> -<A NAME="IDX393"></A> +<A NAME="IDX397"></A> <DT><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX394"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX398"></A> Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, capitalize the previous word, but do not move the cursor. <P> -<A NAME="IDX395"></A> +<A NAME="IDX399"></A> <DT><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX396"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX400"></A> Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argument, switches to overwrite mode. With an explicit non-positive numeric argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects only @@ -10502,121 +10533,121 @@ By default, this command is unbound. <DL COMPACT> -<A NAME="IDX397"></A> +<A NAME="IDX401"></A> <DT><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX398"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX402"></A> Kill the text from point to the end of the line. <P> -<A NAME="IDX399"></A> +<A NAME="IDX403"></A> <DT><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX400"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX404"></A> Kill backward to the beginning of the line. <P> -<A NAME="IDX401"></A> +<A NAME="IDX405"></A> <DT><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX402"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX406"></A> Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line. <P> -<A NAME="IDX403"></A> +<A NAME="IDX407"></A> <DT><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX404"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX408"></A> Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is. By default, this is unbound. <P> -<A NAME="IDX405"></A> +<A NAME="IDX409"></A> <DT><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX406"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX410"></A> Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX407"></A> +<A NAME="IDX411"></A> <DT><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX408"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX412"></A> Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX409"></A> +<A NAME="IDX413"></A> <DT><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX410"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX414"></A> Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>shell-forward-word</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX411"></A> +<A NAME="IDX415"></A> <DT><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX412"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX416"></A> Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>shell-backward-word</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX413"></A> +<A NAME="IDX417"></A> <DT><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX414"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX418"></A> Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word boundary. The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. <P> -<A NAME="IDX415"></A> +<A NAME="IDX419"></A> <DT><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX416"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX420"></A> Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash character as the word boundaries. The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. <P> -<A NAME="IDX417"></A> +<A NAME="IDX421"></A> <DT><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX418"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX422"></A> Delete all spaces and tabs around point. By default, this is unbound. <P> -<A NAME="IDX419"></A> +<A NAME="IDX423"></A> <DT><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX420"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX424"></A> Kill the text in the current region. By default, this command is unbound. <P> -<A NAME="IDX421"></A> +<A NAME="IDX425"></A> <DT><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX422"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX426"></A> Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer, so it can be yanked right away. By default, this command is unbound. <P> -<A NAME="IDX423"></A> +<A NAME="IDX427"></A> <DT><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX424"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX428"></A> Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>. By default, this command is unbound. <P> -<A NAME="IDX425"></A> +<A NAME="IDX429"></A> <DT><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX426"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX430"></A> Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>. By default, this command is unbound. <P> -<A NAME="IDX427"></A> +<A NAME="IDX431"></A> <DT><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX428"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX432"></A> Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point. <P> -<A NAME="IDX429"></A> +<A NAME="IDX433"></A> <DT><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX430"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX434"></A> Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if the prior command is <CODE>yank</CODE> or <CODE>yank-pop</CODE>. </DL> @@ -10640,16 +10671,16 @@ the prior command is <CODE>yank</CODE> or <CODE>yank-pop</CODE>. <!--docid::SEC112::--> <DL COMPACT> -<A NAME="IDX431"></A> +<A NAME="IDX435"></A> <DT><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX432"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX436"></A> Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new argument. <KBD>M--</KBD> starts a negative argument. <P> -<A NAME="IDX433"></A> +<A NAME="IDX437"></A> <DT><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX434"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX438"></A> This is another way to specify an argument. If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits define the argument. @@ -10684,9 +10715,9 @@ By default, this is not bound to a key. <P> <DL COMPACT> -<A NAME="IDX435"></A> +<A NAME="IDX439"></A> <DT><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX436"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX440"></A> Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. The actual completion performed is application-specific. Bash attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the @@ -10696,22 +10727,22 @@ command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted. <P> -<A NAME="IDX437"></A> +<A NAME="IDX441"></A> <DT><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX438"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX442"></A> List the possible completions of the text before point. <P> -<A NAME="IDX439"></A> +<A NAME="IDX443"></A> <DT><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX440"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX444"></A> Insert all completions of the text before point that would have been generated by <CODE>possible-completions</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX441"></A> +<A NAME="IDX445"></A> <DT><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX442"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX446"></A> Similar to <CODE>complete</CODE>, but replaces the word to be completed with a single match from the list of possible completions. Repeated execution of <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> steps through the list @@ -10726,17 +10757,17 @@ This command is intended to be bound to <KBD>TAB</KBD>, but is unbound by default. <P> -<A NAME="IDX443"></A> +<A NAME="IDX447"></A> <DT><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX444"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX448"></A> Identical to <CODE>menu-complete</CODE>, but moves backward through the list of possible completions, as if <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> had been given a negative argument. <P> -<A NAME="IDX445"></A> +<A NAME="IDX449"></A> <DT><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX446"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX450"></A> Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or end of the line (like <CODE>delete-char</CODE>). If at the end of the line, behaves identically to @@ -10744,64 +10775,64 @@ If at the end of the line, behaves identically to This command is unbound by default. <P> -<A NAME="IDX447"></A> +<A NAME="IDX451"></A> <DT><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX448"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX452"></A> Attempt filename completion on the text before point. <P> -<A NAME="IDX449"></A> +<A NAME="IDX453"></A> <DT><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX450"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX454"></A> List the possible completions of the text before point, treating it as a filename. <P> -<A NAME="IDX451"></A> +<A NAME="IDX455"></A> <DT><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX452"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX456"></A> Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a username. <P> -<A NAME="IDX453"></A> +<A NAME="IDX457"></A> <DT><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX454"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX458"></A> List the possible completions of the text before point, treating it as a username. <P> -<A NAME="IDX455"></A> +<A NAME="IDX459"></A> <DT><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX456"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX460"></A> Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a shell variable. <P> -<A NAME="IDX457"></A> +<A NAME="IDX461"></A> <DT><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX458"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX462"></A> List the possible completions of the text before point, treating it as a shell variable. <P> -<A NAME="IDX459"></A> +<A NAME="IDX463"></A> <DT><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX460"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX464"></A> Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a hostname. <P> -<A NAME="IDX461"></A> +<A NAME="IDX465"></A> <DT><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX462"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX466"></A> List the possible completions of the text before point, treating it as a hostname. <P> -<A NAME="IDX463"></A> +<A NAME="IDX467"></A> <DT><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX464"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX468"></A> Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a command name. Command completion attempts to match the text against aliases, reserved words, shell @@ -10809,32 +10840,32 @@ functions, shell builtins, and finally executable filenames, in that order. <P> -<A NAME="IDX465"></A> +<A NAME="IDX469"></A> <DT><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX466"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX470"></A> List the possible completions of the text before point, treating it as a command name. <P> -<A NAME="IDX467"></A> +<A NAME="IDX471"></A> <DT><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX468"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX472"></A> Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing the text against lines from the history list for possible completion matches. <P> -<A NAME="IDX469"></A> +<A NAME="IDX473"></A> <DT><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX470"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX474"></A> Attempt menu completion on the text before point, comparing the text against lines from the history list for possible completion matches. <P> -<A NAME="IDX471"></A> +<A NAME="IDX475"></A> <DT><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX472"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX476"></A> Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC29">3.5.1 Brace Expansion</A>). @@ -10861,22 +10892,22 @@ enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell <!--docid::SEC114::--> <DL COMPACT> -<A NAME="IDX473"></A> +<A NAME="IDX477"></A> <DT><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX474"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX478"></A> Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro. <P> -<A NAME="IDX475"></A> +<A NAME="IDX479"></A> <DT><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX476"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX480"></A> Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro and save the definition. <P> -<A NAME="IDX477"></A> +<A NAME="IDX481"></A> <DT><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX478"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX482"></A> Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard. <P> @@ -10902,87 +10933,99 @@ in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard. <!--docid::SEC115::--> <DL COMPACT> -<A NAME="IDX479"></A> +<A NAME="IDX483"></A> <DT><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX480"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX484"></A> Read in the contents of the <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file, and incorporate any bindings or variable assignments found there. <P> -<A NAME="IDX481"></A> +<A NAME="IDX485"></A> <DT><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX482"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX486"></A> Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of <CODE>bell-style</CODE>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX483"></A> +<A NAME="IDX487"></A> <DT><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX484"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX488"></A> If the metafied character <VAR>x</VAR> is lowercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character. <P> -<A NAME="IDX485"></A> +<A NAME="IDX489"></A> <DT><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX486"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX490"></A> Metafy the next character typed. This is for keyboards without a meta key. Typing <SAMP>`<KBD>ESC</KBD> f'</SAMP> is equivalent to typing <KBD>M-f</KBD>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX487"></A> +<A NAME="IDX491"></A> <DT><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX488"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX492"></A> Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line. <P> -<A NAME="IDX489"></A> +<A NAME="IDX493"></A> <DT><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX490"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX494"></A> Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the <CODE>undo</CODE> command enough times to get back to the beginning. <P> -<A NAME="IDX491"></A> +<A NAME="IDX495"></A> <DT><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX492"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX496"></A> Perform tilde expansion on the current word. <P> -<A NAME="IDX493"></A> +<A NAME="IDX497"></A> <DT><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX494"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX498"></A> Set the mark to the point. If a numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position. <P> -<A NAME="IDX495"></A> +<A NAME="IDX499"></A> <DT><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX496"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX500"></A> Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark. <P> -<A NAME="IDX497"></A> +<A NAME="IDX501"></A> <DT><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX498"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX502"></A> A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences. <P> -<A NAME="IDX499"></A> +<A NAME="IDX503"></A> <DT><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX500"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX504"></A> A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences. <P> -<A NAME="IDX501"></A> +<A NAME="IDX505"></A> +<DT><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX506"></A> +Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those +defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin with a +Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[. If this sequence is +bound to "\e[", keys producing such sequences will have no effect +unless explicitly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting +stray characters into the editing buffer. This is unbound by default, +but usually bound to ESC-[. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX507"></A> <DT><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX502"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX508"></A> Without a numeric argument, the value of the <CODE>comment-begin</CODE> variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line. If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if @@ -10997,115 +11040,115 @@ If a numeric argument causes the comment character to be removed, the line will be executed by the shell. <P> -<A NAME="IDX503"></A> +<A NAME="IDX509"></A> <DT><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX504"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX510"></A> Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default. <P> -<A NAME="IDX505"></A> +<A NAME="IDX511"></A> <DT><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX506"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX512"></A> Print all of the settable variables and their values to the Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default. <P> -<A NAME="IDX507"></A> +<A NAME="IDX513"></A> <DT><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX508"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX514"></A> Print all of the Readline key sequences bound to macros and the strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default. <P> -<A NAME="IDX509"></A> +<A NAME="IDX515"></A> <DT><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX510"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX516"></A> The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion, with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern is used to generate a list of matching file names for possible completions. <P> -<A NAME="IDX511"></A> +<A NAME="IDX517"></A> <DT><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX512"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX518"></A> The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion, and the list of matching file names is inserted, replacing the word. If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before pathname expansion. <P> -<A NAME="IDX513"></A> +<A NAME="IDX519"></A> <DT><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX514"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX520"></A> The list of expansions that would have been generated by <CODE>glob-expand-word</CODE> is displayed, and the line is redrawn. If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before pathname expansion. <P> -<A NAME="IDX515"></A> +<A NAME="IDX521"></A> <DT><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX516"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX522"></A> Display version information about the current instance of Bash. <P> -<A NAME="IDX517"></A> +<A NAME="IDX523"></A> <DT><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX518"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX524"></A> Expand the line as the shell does. This performs alias and history expansion as well as all of the shell word expansions (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC28">3.5 Shell Expansions</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX519"></A> +<A NAME="IDX525"></A> <DT><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX520"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX526"></A> Perform history expansion on the current line. <P> -<A NAME="IDX521"></A> +<A NAME="IDX527"></A> <DT><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX522"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX528"></A> Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a space (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.3 History Expansion</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX523"></A> +<A NAME="IDX529"></A> <DT><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX524"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX530"></A> Perform alias expansion on the current line (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC84">6.6 Aliases</A>). <P> -<A NAME="IDX525"></A> +<A NAME="IDX531"></A> <DT><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX526"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX532"></A> Perform history and alias expansion on the current line. <P> -<A NAME="IDX527"></A> +<A NAME="IDX533"></A> <DT><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX528"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX534"></A> A synonym for <CODE>yank-last-arg</CODE>. <P> -<A NAME="IDX529"></A> +<A NAME="IDX535"></A> <DT><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX530"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX536"></A> Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any argument is ignored. <P> -<A NAME="IDX531"></A> +<A NAME="IDX537"></A> <DT><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX532"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX538"></A> Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the result as shell commands. Bash attempts to invoke @@ -11181,10 +11224,15 @@ the programmable completion facilities are invoked. First, the command name is identified. If a compspec has been defined for that command, the compspec is used to generate the list of possible completions for the word. +If the command word is the empty string (completion attempted at the +beginning of an empty line), any compspec defined with +the <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP> option to <CODE>complete</CODE> is used. If the command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is searched for first. If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find a compspec for the portion following the final slash. +If those searches do not result in a compspec, any compspec defined with +the <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option to <CODE>complete</CODE> is used as the default. </P><P> Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of @@ -11302,6 +11350,31 @@ the value of the <VAR>mark-directories</VAR> Readline variable, regardless of the setting of the <VAR>mark-symlinked-directories</VAR> Readline variable. </P><P> +There is some support for dynamically modifying completions. This is +most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified +with <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP>. It's possible for shell functions executed as completion +handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an +exit status of 124. If a shell function returns 124, and changes +the compspec associated with the command on which completion is being +attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is executed), +programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an +attempt to find a compspec for that command. This allows a set of +completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather than +being loaded all at once. +</P><P> + +For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a +file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default +completion function would load completions dynamically: +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>_completion_loader() +{ + . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124 +} +complete -D -F _completion_loader +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + <A NAME="Programmable Completion Builtins"></A> <HR SIZE="6"> <A NAME="SEC118"></A> @@ -11326,7 +11399,7 @@ facilities. <DL COMPACT> <DT><CODE>compgen</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX533"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX539"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compgen [<VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>word</VAR>]</CODE> </pre></td></tr></table><P> @@ -11352,7 +11425,7 @@ matches were generated. </P><P> <DT><CODE>complete</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX534"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX540"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o <VAR>comp-option</VAR>] [-DE] [-A <VAR>action</VAR>] [-G <VAR>globpat</VAR>] [-W <VAR>wordlist</VAR>] [-F <VAR>function</VAR>] [-C <VAR>command</VAR>] [-X <VAR>filterpat</VAR>] [-P <VAR>prefix</VAR>] [-S <VAR>suffix</VAR>] <VAR>name</VAR> [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE> @@ -11375,7 +11448,8 @@ blank line. </P><P> The process of applying these completion specifications when word completion -is attempted is described above (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>). +is attempted is described above (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>). The +<SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option takes precedence over <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP>. </P><P> Other options, if specified, have the following meanings. @@ -11589,7 +11663,7 @@ an error occurs adding a completion specification. </P><P> <DT><CODE>compopt</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX535"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX541"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compopt</CODE> [-o <VAR>option</VAR>] [-DE] [+o <VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR>] </pre></td></tr></table>Modify completion options for each <VAR>name</VAR> according to the <VAR>option</VAR>s, or for the currently-execution completion if no <VAR>name</VAR>s @@ -11606,6 +11680,9 @@ apply to "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line. <P> +The <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option takes precedence over <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP>. +</P><P> + The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the options for a <VAR>name</VAR> for which no completion specification exists, or an output error occurs. @@ -11614,7 +11691,7 @@ specification exists, or an output error occurs. </DL> <P> -<A NAME="IDX536"></A> +<A NAME="IDX542"></A> </P><P> <A NAME="Using History Interactively"></A> @@ -11759,7 +11836,7 @@ history list and history file. <DL COMPACT> <DT><CODE>fc</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX537"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX543"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>fc [-e <VAR>ename</VAR>] [-lnr] [<VAR>first</VAR>] [<VAR>last</VAR>]</CODE> <CODE>fc -s [<VAR>pat</VAR>=<VAR>rep</VAR>] [<VAR>command</VAR>]</CODE> </pre></td></tr></table><P> @@ -11793,7 +11870,7 @@ and typing <SAMP>`r'</SAMP> re-executes the last command (see section <A HREF="b </P><P> <DT><CODE>history</CODE> -<DD><A NAME="IDX538"></A> +<DD><A NAME="IDX544"></A> <TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>history [<VAR>n</VAR>] history -c history -d <VAR>offset</VAR> @@ -11966,7 +12043,7 @@ writing the history file. An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the history list. -<A NAME="IDX539"></A> +<A NAME="IDX545"></A> </P><P> <DL COMPACT> @@ -12783,6 +12860,11 @@ See <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A>, for details of t above under <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC37">3.5.8.1 Pattern Matching</A>. <P> +<DT><CODE>--enable-extended-glob-default</CODE> +<DD>Set the default value of the <VAR>extglob</VAR> shell option described +above under <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC63">4.3.2 The Shopt Builtin</A> to be enabled. +<P> + <DT><CODE>--enable-help-builtin</CODE> <DD>Include the <CODE>help</CODE> builtin, which displays help on shell builtins and variables (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A>). @@ -14219,7 +14301,7 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX89"><CODE>alias</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX289"><CODE>bg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX293"><CODE>bg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX90"><CODE>bind</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX70"><CODE>break</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX91"><CODE>builtin</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> @@ -14228,15 +14310,15 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX92"><CODE>caller</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX71"><CODE>cd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX93"><CODE>command</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX533"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX534"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX535"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX539"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX540"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX541"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX72"><CODE>continue</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX94"><CODE>declare</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX286"><CODE>dirs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX294"><CODE>disown</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX290"><CODE>dirs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX298"><CODE>disown</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX95"><CODE>echo</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> @@ -14247,8 +14329,8 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX76"><CODE>export</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX537"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX290"><CODE>fg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX543"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX294"><CODE>fg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX77"><CODE>getopts</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> @@ -14256,13 +14338,13 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX78"><CODE>hash</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX97"><CODE>help</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX538"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX544"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_J"></A>J</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX291"><CODE>jobs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX295"><CODE>jobs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX292"><CODE>kill</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX296"><CODE>kill</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_L"></A>L</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX98"><CODE>let</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> @@ -14273,9 +14355,9 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX101"><CODE>mapfile</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX287"><CODE>popd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX291"><CODE>popd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX102"><CODE>printf</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX288"><CODE>pushd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX292"><CODE>pushd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX79"><CODE>pwd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> @@ -14289,7 +14371,7 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX82"><CODE>shift</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX111"><CODE>shopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC63">4.3.2 The Shopt Builtin</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX105"><CODE>source</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX295"><CODE>suspend</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX299"><CODE>suspend</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX83"><CODE>test</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> @@ -14305,7 +14387,7 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX88"><CODE>unset</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_W"></A>W</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX293"><CODE>wait</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX297"><CODE>wait</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> </TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#bt_." style="text-decoration:none"><b>.</b></A> @@ -14595,245 +14677,249 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX63"><CODE>_</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC27">3.4.2 Special Parameters</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX296"><CODE>auto_resume</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX297"><CODE>auto_resume</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX300"><CODE>auto_resume</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX301"><CODE>auto_resume</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX132"><CODE>BASH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX133"><CODE>BASH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX136"><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX137"><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX138"><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX139"><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX140"><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX141"><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX142"><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX143"><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX144"><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX145"><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX146"><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX147"><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX148"><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX149"><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX150"><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX151"><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX152"><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX153"><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX154"><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX155"><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX156"><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX157"><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX158"><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX159"><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX160"><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX161"><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX134"><CODE>BASHPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX135"><CODE>BASHPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX303"><CODE>bell-style</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX304"><CODE>bind-tty-special-chars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX138"><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX139"><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX140"><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX141"><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX142"><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX143"><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX144"><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX145"><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX146"><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX147"><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX148"><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX149"><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX150"><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX151"><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX152"><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX153"><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX154"><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX155"><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX156"><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX157"><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX158"><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX159"><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX160"><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX161"><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX162"><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX163"><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX164"><CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX165"><CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX134"><CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX135"><CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX136"><CODE>BASHPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX137"><CODE>BASHPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX307"><CODE>bell-style</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX308"><CODE>bind-tty-special-chars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX112"><CODE>CDPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX113"><CODE>CDPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX162"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX163"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX305"><CODE>comment-begin</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX164"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX165"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX172"><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX173"><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX166"><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX167"><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX168"><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX169"><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX170"><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX171"><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX174"><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX175"><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX176"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX177"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX306"><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX307"><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX178"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX179"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX308"><CODE>convert-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX166"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX167"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX309"><CODE>comment-begin</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX168"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX169"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX176"><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX177"><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX170"><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX171"><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX172"><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX173"><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX174"><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX175"><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX178"><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX179"><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX180"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX181"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX310"><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX311"><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX182"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX183"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX312"><CODE>convert-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX180"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX181"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX309"><CODE>disable-completion</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX184"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX185"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX313"><CODE>disable-completion</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX310"><CODE>editing-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX182"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX183"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX311"><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX184"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX185"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX312"><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX314"><CODE>editing-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX186"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX187"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX315"><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX188"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX189"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX316"><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX186"><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX187"><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX188"><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX189"><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX190"><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX191"><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX190"><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX191"><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX192"><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX193"><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX194"><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX195"><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX192"><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX193"><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX194"><CODE>GROUPS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX195"><CODE>GROUPS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX196"><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX197"><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX198"><CODE>GROUPS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX199"><CODE>GROUPS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX196"><CODE>histchars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX197"><CODE>histchars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX198"><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX199"><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX200"><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX201"><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX202"><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX203"><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX204"><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX205"><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX206"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX207"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX313"><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX314"><CODE>history-size</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX208"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX209"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX210"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX211"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX200"><CODE>histchars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX201"><CODE>histchars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX202"><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX203"><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX204"><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX205"><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX206"><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX207"><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX208"><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX209"><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX210"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX211"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX317"><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX318"><CODE>history-size</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX212"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX213"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX214"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX215"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX114"><CODE>HOME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX115"><CODE>HOME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX315"><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX212"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX213"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX214"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX215"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX216"><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX217"><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX319"><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX216"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX217"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX218"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX219"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX220"><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX221"><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX116"><CODE>IFS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX117"><CODE>IFS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX218"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX219"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX316"><CODE>input-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX220"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX221"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX318"><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX222"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX223"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX320"><CODE>input-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX224"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX225"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX322"><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX319"><CODE>keymap</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX323"><CODE>keymap</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_L"></A>L</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX222"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX223"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX224"><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX225"><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX226"><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX227"><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX228"><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX229"><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX226"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX227"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX228"><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX229"><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX230"><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX231"><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX232"><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX233"><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX21"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX230"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX231"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX232"><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX233"><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX234"><CODE>LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX235"><CODE>LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX236"><CODE>LINES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX237"><CODE>LINES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX234"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX235"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX236"><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX237"><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX238"><CODE>LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX239"><CODE>LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX240"><CODE>LINES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX241"><CODE>LINES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX238"><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX239"><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX242"><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX243"><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX118"><CODE>MAIL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX119"><CODE>MAIL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX240"><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX241"><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX244"><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX245"><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX120"><CODE>MAILPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX121"><CODE>MAILPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX320"><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX321"><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX322"><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX317"><CODE>meta-flag</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX324"><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX325"><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX326"><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX321"><CODE>meta-flag</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX242"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX243"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX246"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX247"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX122"><CODE>OPTARG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX123"><CODE>OPTARG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX244"><CODE>OPTERR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX245"><CODE>OPTERR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX248"><CODE>OPTERR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX249"><CODE>OPTERR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX124"><CODE>OPTIND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX125"><CODE>OPTIND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX246"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX247"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX323"><CODE>output-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX250"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX251"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX327"><CODE>output-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX324"><CODE>page-completions</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX328"><CODE>page-completions</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX126"><CODE>PATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX127"><CODE>PATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX248"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX249"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX250"><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX251"><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX252"><CODE>PPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX253"><CODE>PPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX254"><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX255"><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX256"><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX257"><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX252"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX253"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX254"><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX255"><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX256"><CODE>PPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX257"><CODE>PPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX258"><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX259"><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX260"><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX261"><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX128"><CODE>PS1</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX129"><CODE>PS1</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX130"><CODE>PS2</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX131"><CODE>PS2</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX258"><CODE>PS3</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX259"><CODE>PS3</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX260"><CODE>PS4</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX261"><CODE>PS4</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX262"><CODE>PWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX263"><CODE>PWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX262"><CODE>PS3</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX263"><CODE>PS3</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX264"><CODE>PS4</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX265"><CODE>PS4</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX266"><CODE>PWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX267"><CODE>PWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX264"><CODE>RANDOM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX265"><CODE>RANDOM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX266"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX267"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX325"><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX268"><CODE>RANDOM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX269"><CODE>RANDOM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX270"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX271"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX329"><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX268"><CODE>SECONDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX269"><CODE>SECONDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX270"><CODE>SHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX271"><CODE>SHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX272"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX273"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX274"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX275"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX326"><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX327"><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX272"><CODE>SECONDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX273"><CODE>SECONDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX274"><CODE>SHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX275"><CODE>SHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX276"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX277"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX278"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX279"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX330"><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX331"><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX22"><CODE>TEXTDOMAIN</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX23"><CODE>TEXTDOMAINDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX276"><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX277"><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX278"><CODE>TMOUT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX279"><CODE>TMOUT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX280"><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX281"><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX280"><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX281"><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX282"><CODE>TMOUT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX283"><CODE>TMOUT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX284"><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX285"><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_U"></A>U</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX282"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX283"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX286"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX287"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_V"></A>V</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX328"><CODE>visible-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX332"><CODE>visible-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> </TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#vr_!" style="text-decoration:none"><b>!</b></A> @@ -14955,248 +15041,250 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TH ALIGN=LEFT>Index Entry</TH><TH ALIGN=LEFT> Section</TH></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX481"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX482"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX349"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX350"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX523"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX524"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX485"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX486"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX353"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX354"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX529"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX530"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX335"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX336"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX377"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX378"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX399"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX400"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX411"><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX412"><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX407"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX408"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX339"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX340"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX355"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX356"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX329"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX330"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX339"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX340"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX381"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX382"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX403"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX404"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX415"><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX416"><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX411"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX412"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX343"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX344"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX359"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX360"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX333"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX334"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX477"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX478"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX393"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX394"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX497"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX498"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX499"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX500"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX345"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX346"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX435"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX436"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX463"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX464"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX447"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX448"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX459"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX460"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX471"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX472"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX451"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX452"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX455"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX456"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX423"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX424"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX425"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX426"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX421"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX422"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX481"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX482"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX397"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX398"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX501"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX502"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX503"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX504"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX349"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX350"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX439"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX440"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX467"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX468"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX451"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX452"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX463"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX464"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX475"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX476"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX455"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX456"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX459"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX460"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX427"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX428"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX429"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX430"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX425"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX426"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX469"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX470"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX375"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX376"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX445"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX446"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX417"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX418"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX431"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX432"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX515"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX516"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX483"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX484"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX391"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX392"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX503"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX504"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX507"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX508"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX505"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX506"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX467"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX468"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX473"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX474"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX379"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX380"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX449"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX450"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX421"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX422"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX435"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX436"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX521"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX522"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX487"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX488"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX395"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX396"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX509"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX510"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX513"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX514"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX511"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX512"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX471"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX472"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX531"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX532"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX475"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX476"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX357"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX358"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX331"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX332"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX495"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX496"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX537"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX538"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX479"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX480"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX361"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX362"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX335"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX336"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX499"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX500"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX379"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX380"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX333"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX334"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX361"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX362"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX337"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX338"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX383"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX384"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX337"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX338"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX365"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX366"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX341"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX342"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX509"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX510"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX511"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX512"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX513"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX514"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX515"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX516"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX517"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX518"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX519"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX520"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX525"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX526"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX519"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX520"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX369"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX370"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX367"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX368"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX531"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX532"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX525"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX526"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX373"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX374"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX371"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX372"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX501"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX502"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX439"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX440"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX527"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX528"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX507"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX508"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX443"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX444"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX533"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX534"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX397"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX398"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX419"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX420"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX403"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX404"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX405"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX406"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX401"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX402"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX423"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX424"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX407"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX408"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX409"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX410"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX521"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX522"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX441"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX442"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX443"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX444"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX527"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX528"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX445"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX446"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX447"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX448"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_N"></A>N</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX353"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX354"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX365"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX366"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX363"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX364"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX357"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX358"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX369"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX370"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX367"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX368"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX529"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX530"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX395"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX396"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX535"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX536"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX399"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX400"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX465"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX466"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX437"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX438"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX449"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX450"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX461"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX462"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX453"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX454"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX457"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX458"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX485"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX486"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX351"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX352"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX469"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX470"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX441"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX442"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX453"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX454"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX465"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX466"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX457"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX458"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX461"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX462"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX489"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX490"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX355"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX356"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Q"></A>Q</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX381"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX382"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX385"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX386"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX479"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX480"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX347"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX348"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX359"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX360"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX489"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX490"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX483"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX484"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX351"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX352"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX363"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX364"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX493"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX494"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX383"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX384"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX493"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX494"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX343"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX344"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX517"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX518"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX341"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX342"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX409"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX410"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX473"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX474"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX387"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX388"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX497"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX498"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX347"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX348"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX523"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX524"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX345"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX346"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX413"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX414"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX505"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX506"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX477"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX478"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX491"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX492"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX385"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX386"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX387"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX388"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX495"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX496"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX389"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX390"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX391"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX392"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_U"></A>U</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX487"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX488"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX433"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX434"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX415"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX416"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX401"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX402"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX413"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX414"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX389"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX390"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX491"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX492"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX437"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX438"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX419"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX420"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX405"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX406"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX417"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX418"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX393"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX394"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Y"></A>Y</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX427"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX428"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX373"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX374"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX371"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX372"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX429"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX430"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX431"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX432"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX377"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX378"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX375"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX376"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX433"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX434"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> </TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#fn_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A> @@ -15371,17 +15459,17 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">history builtins</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX539">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX545">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">history expansion</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.3 History Expansion</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">history list</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">9.1 Bash History Facilities</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX536">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX542">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX11">identifier</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC103">initialization file, readline</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC103">8.3 Readline Init File</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC127">installation</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC127">10.1 Basic Installation</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC97">interaction, readline</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC97">8.2 Readline Interaction</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX285">interactive shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC69">6.1 Invoking Bash</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX289">interactive shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC69">6.1 Invoking Bash</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC78">interactive shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC78">6.3 Interactive Shells</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">internationalization</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> @@ -15391,12 +15479,12 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC92">job control</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC92">7.1 Job Control Basics</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX301">kill ring</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX299">killing text</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX305">kill ring</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX303">killing text</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_L"></A>L</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">localization</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX284">login shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC69">6.1 Invoking Bash</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX288">login shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC69">6.1 Invoking Bash</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC37">matching, pattern</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC37">3.5.8.1 Pattern Matching</A></TD></TR> @@ -15431,7 +15519,7 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC12">quoting, ANSI</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC12">3.1.2.4 ANSI-C Quoting</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX298">Readline, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX302">Readline, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC39">redirection</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC39">3.6 Redirections</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX15">reserved word</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC89">restricted shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC89">6.10 The Restricted Shell</A></TD></TR> @@ -15457,14 +15545,14 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_V"></A>V</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC25">variable, shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC25">3.4 Shell Parameters</A></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX302">variables, readline</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX306">variables, readline</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_W"></A>W</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX20">word</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC35">word splitting</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC35">3.5.7 Word Splitting</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_Y"></A>Y</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> -<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX300">yanking text</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX304">yanking text</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> </TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#cp_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A> @@ -15900,7 +15988,7 @@ to permit their use in free software. <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="bashref.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> </TR></TABLE> <H1>About this document</H1> -This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>August, 3 2009</I> +This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>August, 17 2009</I> using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html "><I>texi2html</I></A> <P></P> @@ -16062,7 +16150,7 @@ the following structure: <BR> <FONT SIZE="-1"> This document was generated -by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>August, 3 2009</I> +by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>August, 17 2009</I> using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html "><I>texi2html</I></A> diff --git a/doc/bashref.info b/doc/bashref.info index d71ca867..8494d7c8 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.info +++ b/doc/bashref.info @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from /Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi. This text is a brief description of the features that are present in -the Bash shell (version 4.0, 17 June 2009). +the Bash shell (version 4.0, 17 August 2009). - This is Edition 4.0, last updated 17 June 2009, of `The GNU Bash + This is Edition 4.0, last updated 17 August 2009, of `The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.0. Copyright (C) 1988-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ Bash Features ************* This text is a brief description of the features that are present in -the Bash shell (version 4.0, 17 June 2009). +the Bash shell (version 4.0, 17 August 2009). - This is Edition 4.0, last updated 17 June 2009, of `The GNU Bash + This is Edition 4.0, last updated 17 August 2009, of `The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.0. Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some @@ -3575,16 +3575,16 @@ parameters, or to display the names and values of shell variables. `-p' Turn on privileged mode. In this mode, the `$BASH_ENV' and `$ENV' files are not processed, shell functions are not - inherited from the environment, and the `SHELLOPTS', `CDPATH' - and `GLOBIGNORE' variables, if they appear in the - environment, are ignored. If the shell is started with the - effective user (group) id not equal to the real user (group) - id, and the `-p' option is not supplied, these actions are - taken and the effective user id is set to the real user id. - If the `-p' option is supplied at startup, the effective user - id is not reset. Turning this option off causes the - effective user and group ids to be set to the real user and - group ids. + inherited from the environment, and the `SHELLOPTS', + `BASHOPTS', `CDPATH' and `GLOBIGNORE' variables, if they + appear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is + started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the + real user (group) id, and the `-p' option is not supplied, + these actions are taken and the effective user id is set to + the real user id. If the `-p' option is supplied at startup, + the effective user id is not reset. Turning this option off + causes the effective user and group ids to be set to the real + user and group ids. `-t' Exit after reading and executing one command. @@ -4059,6 +4059,15 @@ Variables::). `BASH' The full pathname used to execute the current instance of Bash. +`BASHOPTS' + A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in the + list is a valid argument for the `-s' option to the `shopt' + builtin command (*note The Shopt Builtin::). The options + appearing in `BASHOPTS' are those reported as `on' by `shopt'. If + this variable is in the environment when Bash starts up, each + shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any + startup files. This variable is readonly. + `BASHPID' Expands to the process id of the current Bash process. This differs from `$$' under certain circumstances, such as subshells @@ -4164,6 +4173,17 @@ Variables::). `BASH_VERSION' The version number of the current instance of Bash. +`BASH_XTRACEFD' + If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, Bash + will write the trace output generated when `set -x' is enabled to + that file descriptor. This allows tracing output to be separated + from diagnostic and error messages. The file descriptor is closed + when `BASH_XTRACEFD' is unset or assigned a new value. Unsetting + `BASH_XTRACEFD' or assigning it the empty string causes the trace + output to be sent to the standard error. Note that setting + `BASH_XTRACEFD' to 2 (the standard error file descriptor) and then + unsetting it will result in the standard error being closed. + `COLUMNS' Used by the `select' builtin command to determine the terminal width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon @@ -4849,10 +4869,11 @@ Invoked with unequal effective and real UID/GIDs If Bash is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user (group) id, and the `-p' option is not supplied, no startup files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, -the `SHELLOPTS' variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored, -and the effective user id is set to the real user id. If the `-p' -option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is the same, but -the effective user id is not reset. +the `SHELLOPTS', `BASHOPTS', `CDPATH', and `GLOBIGNORE' variables, if +they appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective user id +is set to the real user id. If the `-p' option is supplied at +invocation, the startup behavior is the same, but the effective user id +is not reset. File: bashref.info, Node: Interactive Shells, Next: Bash Conditional Expressions, Prev: Bash Startup Files, Up: Bash Features @@ -7327,6 +7348,15 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Miscellaneous Commands, Prev: Keyboard Macros, Up: of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences. +`skip-csi-sequence ()' + Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as + those defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin + with a Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[. If this + sequence is bound to "\e[", keys producing such sequences will + have no effect unless explicitly bound to a readline command, + instead of inserting stray characters into the editing buffer. + This is unbound by default, but usually bound to ESC-[. + `insert-comment (M-#)' Without a numeric argument, the value of the `comment-begin' variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line. If a @@ -7445,10 +7475,14 @@ programmable completion facilities are invoked. First, the command name is identified. If a compspec has been defined for that command, the compspec is used to generate the list of -possible completions for the word. If the command word is a full -pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is searched for first. If -no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find -a compspec for the portion following the final slash. +possible completions for the word. If the command word is the empty +string (completion attempted at the beginning of an empty line), any +compspec defined with the `-E' option to `complete' is used. If the +command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is +searched for first. If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an +attempt is made to find a compspec for the portion following the final +slash. If those searches do not result in a compspec, any compspec +defined with the `-D' option to `complete' is used as the default. Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of matching words. If a compspec is not found, the default Bash completion @@ -7539,6 +7573,28 @@ to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to the value of the MARK-DIRECTORIES Readline variable, regardless of the setting of the MARK-SYMLINKED-DIRECTORIES Readline variable. + There is some support for dynamically modifying completions. This is +most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified +with `-D'. It's possible for shell functions executed as completion +handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an +exit status of 124. If a shell function returns 124, and changes the +compspec associated with the command on which completion is being +attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is +executed), programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an +attempt to find a compspec for that command. This allows a set of +completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather +than being loaded all at once. + + For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each +kept in a file corresponding to the name of the command, the following +default completion function would load completions dynamically: + + _completion_loader() + { + . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124 + } + complete -D -F _completion_loader + File: bashref.info, Node: Programmable Completion Builtins, Prev: Programmable Completion, Up: Command Line Editing @@ -7587,7 +7643,7 @@ completion facilities. The process of applying these completion specifications when word completion is attempted is described above (*note Programmable - Completion::). + Completion::). The `-D' option takes precedence over `-E'. Other options, if specified, have the following meanings. The arguments to the `-G', `-W', and `-X' options (and, if necessary, @@ -7769,6 +7825,8 @@ completion facilities. "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line. + The `-D' option takes precedence over `-E'. + The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the options for a NAME for which no completion specification exists, or an output error occurs. @@ -8529,6 +8587,10 @@ does not provide the necessary support. Include support for the extended pattern matching features described above under *note Pattern Matching::. +`--enable-extended-glob-default' + Set the default value of the EXTGLOB shell option described above + under *note The Shopt Builtin:: to be enabled. + `--enable-help-builtin' Include the `help' builtin, which displays help on shell builtins and variables (*note Bash Builtins::). @@ -9678,101 +9740,103 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * auto_resume: Job Control Variables. (line 6) * BASH: Bash Variables. (line 13) -* BASH_ALIASES: Bash Variables. (line 21) -* BASH_ARGC: Bash Variables. (line 28) -* BASH_ARGV: Bash Variables. (line 38) -* BASH_CMDS: Bash Variables. (line 48) -* BASH_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 55) -* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables. (line 60) -* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables. (line 66) -* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 69) -* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables. (line 78) -* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables. (line 86) -* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables. (line 90) -* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables. (line 94) -* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 118) -* BASHPID: Bash Variables. (line 16) +* BASH_ALIASES: Bash Variables. (line 30) +* BASH_ARGC: Bash Variables. (line 37) +* BASH_ARGV: Bash Variables. (line 47) +* BASH_CMDS: Bash Variables. (line 57) +* BASH_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 64) +* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables. (line 69) +* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables. (line 75) +* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 78) +* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables. (line 87) +* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables. (line 95) +* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables. (line 99) +* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables. (line 103) +* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 127) +* BASH_XTRACEFD: Bash Variables. (line 130) +* BASHOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 16) +* BASHPID: Bash Variables. (line 25) * bell-style: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 38) * bind-tty-special-chars: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 45) * CDPATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 9) -* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 121) +* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 141) * comment-begin: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 50) -* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 126) -* COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 155) -* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 132) -* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 137) -* COMP_TYPE: Bash Variables. (line 145) -* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 159) -* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 165) +* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 146) +* COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 175) +* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 152) +* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 157) +* COMP_TYPE: Bash Variables. (line 165) +* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 179) +* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 185) * completion-prefix-display-length: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 60) * completion-query-items: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 67) -* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 173) +* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 193) * convert-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 77) -* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 178) +* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 198) * disable-completion: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 83) * editing-mode: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 88) -* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 188) +* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 208) * enable-keypad: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 94) -* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 193) +* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 213) * expand-tilde: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 99) -* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 197) -* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 201) -* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 207) -* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 216) -* GROUPS: Bash Variables. (line 222) -* histchars: Bash Variables. (line 228) -* HISTCMD: Bash Variables. (line 243) -* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables. (line 248) -* HISTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 264) -* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 268) -* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 276) +* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 217) +* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 221) +* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 227) +* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 236) +* GROUPS: Bash Variables. (line 242) +* histchars: Bash Variables. (line 248) +* HISTCMD: Bash Variables. (line 263) +* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables. (line 268) +* HISTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 284) +* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 288) +* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 296) * history-preserve-point: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 103) * history-size: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 109) -* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 295) -* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 299) +* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 315) +* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 319) * HOME: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 13) * horizontal-scroll-mode: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 114) -* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 308) -* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 319) -* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 322) +* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 328) +* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 339) +* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 342) * IFS: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 18) -* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 325) +* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 345) * input-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 121) -* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 335) +* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 355) * isearch-terminators: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 128) * keymap: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 135) -* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 339) -* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 343) -* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 347) -* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 354) +* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 359) +* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 363) +* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 367) +* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 374) * LC_MESSAGES <1>: Locale Translation. (line 11) -* LC_MESSAGES: Bash Variables. (line 359) -* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables. (line 363) -* LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 367) -* LINES: Bash Variables. (line 371) -* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 376) +* LC_MESSAGES: Bash Variables. (line 379) +* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables. (line 383) +* LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 387) +* LINES: Bash Variables. (line 391) +* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 396) * MAIL: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 22) -* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables. (line 380) +* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables. (line 400) * MAILPATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 27) * mark-modified-lines: Readline Init File Syntax. @@ -9783,49 +9847,49 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index (line 158) * meta-flag: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 121) -* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 388) +* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 408) * OPTARG: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 34) -* OPTERR: Bash Variables. (line 391) +* OPTERR: Bash Variables. (line 411) * OPTIND: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 38) -* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 395) +* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 415) * output-meta: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 165) * page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 170) * PATH: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 42) -* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 398) -* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 403) -* PPID: Bash Variables. (line 412) -* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 416) -* PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 420) +* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 418) +* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 423) +* PPID: Bash Variables. (line 432) +* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 436) +* PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 440) * PS1: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 48) * PS2: Bourne Shell Variables. (line 53) -* PS3: Bash Variables. (line 426) -* PS4: Bash Variables. (line 431) -* PWD: Bash Variables. (line 437) -* RANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 440) -* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 445) +* PS3: Bash Variables. (line 446) +* PS4: Bash Variables. (line 451) +* PWD: Bash Variables. (line 457) +* RANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 460) +* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 465) * revert-all-at-newline: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 180) -* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 448) -* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 454) -* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 459) -* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 468) +* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 468) +* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 474) +* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 479) +* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 488) * show-all-if-ambiguous: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 186) * show-all-if-unmodified: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 192) * TEXTDOMAIN: Locale Translation. (line 11) * TEXTDOMAINDIR: Locale Translation. (line 11) -* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 473) -* TMOUT: Bash Variables. (line 511) -* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 523) -* UID: Bash Variables. (line 527) +* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 493) +* TMOUT: Bash Variables. (line 531) +* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 543) +* UID: Bash Variables. (line 547) * visible-stats: Readline Init File Syntax. (line 201) @@ -9869,11 +9933,11 @@ D.4 Function Index (line 14) * downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text. (line 42) * dump-functions (): Miscellaneous Commands. - (line 64) + (line 73) * dump-macros (): Miscellaneous Commands. - (line 76) + (line 85) * dump-variables (): Miscellaneous Commands. - (line 70) + (line 79) * end-kbd-macro (C-x )): Keyboard Macros. (line 9) * end-of-history (M->): Commands For History. (line 23) * end-of-line (C-e): Commands For Moving. (line 9) @@ -9886,7 +9950,7 @@ D.4 Function Index * history-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 51) * history-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 46) * insert-comment (M-#): Miscellaneous Commands. - (line 51) + (line 60) * insert-completions (M-*): Commands For Completion. (line 18) * kill-line (C-k): Commands For Killing. (line 6) @@ -9918,6 +9982,8 @@ D.4 Function Index * self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...): Commands For Text. (line 24) * set-mark (C-@): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 32) +* skip-csi-sequence (): Miscellaneous Commands. + (line 51) * start-kbd-macro (C-x (): Keyboard Macros. (line 6) * transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text. (line 27) * transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text. (line 33) @@ -10017,7 +10083,7 @@ D.5 Concept Index * history list: Bash History Facilities. (line 6) * History, how to use: Programmable Completion Builtins. - (line 235) + (line 237) * identifier: Definitions. (line 51) * initialization file, readline: Readline Init File. (line 6) * installation: Basic Installation. (line 6) @@ -10094,132 +10160,132 @@ D.5 Concept Index Tag Table: -Node: Top1338 -Node: Introduction3169 -Node: What is Bash?3397 -Node: What is a shell?4510 -Node: Definitions7050 -Node: Basic Shell Features9968 -Node: Shell Syntax11187 -Node: Shell Operation12217 -Node: Quoting13511 -Node: Escape Character14814 -Node: Single Quotes15299 -Node: Double Quotes15647 -Node: ANSI-C Quoting16772 -Node: Locale Translation17728 -Node: Comments18624 -Node: Shell Commands19242 -Node: Simple Commands20066 -Node: Pipelines20697 -Node: Lists22953 -Node: Compound Commands24682 -Node: Looping Constructs25486 -Node: Conditional Constructs27941 -Node: Command Grouping35947 -Node: Coprocesses37426 -Node: Shell Functions39070 -Node: Shell Parameters43624 -Node: Positional Parameters46040 -Node: Special Parameters46940 -Node: Shell Expansions49904 -Node: Brace Expansion51829 -Node: Tilde Expansion54584 -Node: Shell Parameter Expansion56935 -Node: Command Substitution65833 -Node: Arithmetic Expansion67166 -Node: Process Substitution68016 -Node: Word Splitting69066 -Node: Filename Expansion70689 -Node: Pattern Matching72828 -Node: Quote Removal76467 -Node: Redirections76762 -Node: Executing Commands84910 -Node: Simple Command Expansion85580 -Node: Command Search and Execution87510 -Node: Command Execution Environment89847 -Node: Environment92833 -Node: Exit Status94493 -Node: Signals96114 -Node: Shell Scripts98082 -Node: Shell Builtin Commands100600 -Node: Bourne Shell Builtins102628 -Node: Bash Builtins120004 -Node: Modifying Shell Behavior144303 -Node: The Set Builtin144648 -Node: The Shopt Builtin154160 -Node: Special Builtins165022 -Node: Shell Variables166001 -Node: Bourne Shell Variables166441 -Node: Bash Variables168422 -Node: Bash Features190795 -Node: Invoking Bash191678 -Node: Bash Startup Files197487 -Node: Interactive Shells202456 -Node: What is an Interactive Shell?202866 -Node: Is this Shell Interactive?203515 -Node: Interactive Shell Behavior204330 -Node: Bash Conditional Expressions207610 -Node: Shell Arithmetic211135 -Node: Aliases213881 -Node: Arrays216453 -Node: The Directory Stack220411 -Node: Directory Stack Builtins221125 -Node: Printing a Prompt224017 -Node: The Restricted Shell226769 -Node: Bash POSIX Mode228601 -Node: Job Control236454 -Node: Job Control Basics236914 -Node: Job Control Builtins241631 -Node: Job Control Variables245995 -Node: Command Line Editing247153 -Node: Introduction and Notation248720 -Node: Readline Interaction250342 -Node: Readline Bare Essentials251533 -Node: Readline Movement Commands253322 -Node: Readline Killing Commands254287 -Node: Readline Arguments256207 -Node: Searching257251 -Node: Readline Init File259437 -Node: Readline Init File Syntax260584 -Node: Conditional Init Constructs273818 -Node: Sample Init File276351 -Node: Bindable Readline Commands279468 -Node: Commands For Moving280675 -Node: Commands For History281819 -Node: Commands For Text284974 -Node: Commands For Killing287647 -Node: Numeric Arguments290098 -Node: Commands For Completion291237 -Node: Keyboard Macros295197 -Node: Miscellaneous Commands295768 -Node: Readline vi Mode301079 -Node: Programmable Completion301993 -Node: Programmable Completion Builtins307826 -Node: Using History Interactively316867 -Node: Bash History Facilities317551 -Node: Bash History Builtins320465 -Node: History Interaction324322 -Node: Event Designators327027 -Node: Word Designators328042 -Node: Modifiers329681 -Node: Installing Bash331085 -Node: Basic Installation332222 -Node: Compilers and Options334914 -Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures335655 -Node: Installation Names337319 -Node: Specifying the System Type338137 -Node: Sharing Defaults338853 -Node: Operation Controls339526 -Node: Optional Features340484 -Node: Reporting Bugs349886 -Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell351087 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License367774 -Node: Indexes392970 -Node: Builtin Index393424 -Node: Reserved Word Index400251 -Node: Variable Index402699 -Node: Function Index414505 -Node: Concept Index421376 +Node: Top1342 +Node: Introduction3177 +Node: What is Bash?3405 +Node: What is a shell?4518 +Node: Definitions7058 +Node: Basic Shell Features9976 +Node: Shell Syntax11195 +Node: Shell Operation12225 +Node: Quoting13519 +Node: Escape Character14822 +Node: Single Quotes15307 +Node: Double Quotes15655 +Node: ANSI-C Quoting16780 +Node: Locale Translation17736 +Node: Comments18632 +Node: Shell Commands19250 +Node: Simple Commands20074 +Node: Pipelines20705 +Node: Lists22961 +Node: Compound Commands24690 +Node: Looping Constructs25494 +Node: Conditional Constructs27949 +Node: Command Grouping35955 +Node: Coprocesses37434 +Node: Shell Functions39078 +Node: Shell Parameters43632 +Node: Positional Parameters46048 +Node: Special Parameters46948 +Node: Shell Expansions49912 +Node: Brace Expansion51837 +Node: Tilde Expansion54592 +Node: Shell Parameter Expansion56943 +Node: Command Substitution65841 +Node: Arithmetic Expansion67174 +Node: Process Substitution68024 +Node: Word Splitting69074 +Node: Filename Expansion70697 +Node: Pattern Matching72836 +Node: Quote Removal76475 +Node: Redirections76770 +Node: Executing Commands84918 +Node: Simple Command Expansion85588 +Node: Command Search and Execution87518 +Node: Command Execution Environment89855 +Node: Environment92841 +Node: Exit Status94501 +Node: Signals96122 +Node: Shell Scripts98090 +Node: Shell Builtin Commands100608 +Node: Bourne Shell Builtins102636 +Node: Bash Builtins120012 +Node: Modifying Shell Behavior144311 +Node: The Set Builtin144656 +Node: The Shopt Builtin154180 +Node: Special Builtins165042 +Node: Shell Variables166021 +Node: Bourne Shell Variables166461 +Node: Bash Variables168442 +Node: Bash Features191928 +Node: Invoking Bash192811 +Node: Bash Startup Files198620 +Node: Interactive Shells203632 +Node: What is an Interactive Shell?204042 +Node: Is this Shell Interactive?204691 +Node: Interactive Shell Behavior205506 +Node: Bash Conditional Expressions208786 +Node: Shell Arithmetic212311 +Node: Aliases215057 +Node: Arrays217629 +Node: The Directory Stack221587 +Node: Directory Stack Builtins222301 +Node: Printing a Prompt225193 +Node: The Restricted Shell227945 +Node: Bash POSIX Mode229777 +Node: Job Control237630 +Node: Job Control Basics238090 +Node: Job Control Builtins242807 +Node: Job Control Variables247171 +Node: Command Line Editing248329 +Node: Introduction and Notation249896 +Node: Readline Interaction251518 +Node: Readline Bare Essentials252709 +Node: Readline Movement Commands254498 +Node: Readline Killing Commands255463 +Node: Readline Arguments257383 +Node: Searching258427 +Node: Readline Init File260613 +Node: Readline Init File Syntax261760 +Node: Conditional Init Constructs274994 +Node: Sample Init File277527 +Node: Bindable Readline Commands280644 +Node: Commands For Moving281851 +Node: Commands For History282995 +Node: Commands For Text286150 +Node: Commands For Killing288823 +Node: Numeric Arguments291274 +Node: Commands For Completion292413 +Node: Keyboard Macros296373 +Node: Miscellaneous Commands296944 +Node: Readline vi Mode302750 +Node: Programmable Completion303664 +Node: Programmable Completion Builtins310870 +Node: Using History Interactively320006 +Node: Bash History Facilities320690 +Node: Bash History Builtins323604 +Node: History Interaction327461 +Node: Event Designators330166 +Node: Word Designators331181 +Node: Modifiers332820 +Node: Installing Bash334224 +Node: Basic Installation335361 +Node: Compilers and Options338053 +Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures338794 +Node: Installation Names340458 +Node: Specifying the System Type341276 +Node: Sharing Defaults341992 +Node: Operation Controls342665 +Node: Optional Features343623 +Node: Reporting Bugs353182 +Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell354383 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License371070 +Node: Indexes396266 +Node: Builtin Index396720 +Node: Reserved Word Index403547 +Node: Variable Index405995 +Node: Function Index417947 +Node: Concept Index424956 End Tag Table diff --git a/doc/bashref.log b/doc/bashref.log index bc5ded0f..cdfd4f25 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.log +++ b/doc/bashref.log @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -This is TeX, Version 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.4) (format=tex 2008.12.11) 3 AUG 2009 10:10 +This is TeX, Version 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.4) (format=tex 2008.12.11) 17 AUG 2009 14:46 **/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi (/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi (./texinfo.tex Loading texinfo [version 2009-01-18.17]: @@ -236,8 +236,8 @@ Underfull \hbox (badness 2573) in paragraph at lines 4390--4394 .etc. [56] [57] [58] Chapter 5 [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] -Chapter 6 [69] [70] -Overfull \hbox (51.96864pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5234--5234 +[69] Chapter 6 [70] +Overfull \hbox (51.96864pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5258--5258 []@texttt bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@t exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar- @@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar- .etc. -Overfull \hbox (76.23077pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5235--5235 +Overfull \hbox (76.23077pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5259--5259 []@texttt bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@texttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] -c @textttsl string @texttt [@textttsl ar - @@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ Overfull \hbox (76.23077pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5235--5235 .etc. -Overfull \hbox (34.72258pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5236--5236 +Overfull \hbox (34.72258pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5260--5260 []@texttt bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@text tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar- @@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar- .etc. [71] [72] -Underfull \hbox (badness 2245) in paragraph at lines 5410--5412 +Underfull \hbox (badness 2245) in paragraph at lines 5434--5436 []@textrm When a lo-gin shell ex-its, Bash reads and ex-e-cutes com-mands from the file @@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ the file .etc. [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81] [82] [83] [84] [85] -Underfull \hbox (badness 2521) in paragraph at lines 6548--6551 +Underfull \hbox (badness 2521) in paragraph at lines 6573--6576 @textrm `@texttt --enable-strict-posix-default[]@textrm '[] to @texttt configur e[] @textrm when build-ing (see Sec-tion 10.8 @@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ gnored[] [101] [102] [103] [104] [105] [106] [107] [108] [109] [110] [111] [112] [113] -Overfull \hbox (12.05716pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 1726--1726 +Overfull \hbox (12.05716pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 1764--1764 []@texttt complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o @textttsl comp-option@texttt ] [-DE] [- A @textttsl ac-tion@texttt ] [- @@ -344,8 +344,8 @@ A @textttsl ac-tion@texttt ] [- .@texttt m .etc. -[114] -Underfull \hbox (badness 2753) in paragraph at lines 1835--1838 +[114] [115] +Underfull \hbox 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Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f +b Fb(96)2025 4053 y Fe(HOSTFILE)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b -Fb(66)2025 4059 y Fe(HOSTNAME)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f +Fb(67)2025 4141 y Fe(HOSTNAME)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b -Fb(66)2025 4148 y Fe(HOSTTYPE)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f +Fb(67)2025 4230 y Fe(HOSTTYPE)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b -Fb(66)2025 4395 y Fr(I)2025 4516 y Fe(IFS)8 b Fc(:)13 +Fb(67)2025 4467 y Fr(I)2025 4585 y Fe(IFS)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h 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Fc(:)f(:)c(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(96)2025 5121 -y Fr(K)2025 5242 y Fe(keymap)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) +g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(96)2025 5175 +y Fr(K)2025 5293 y Fe(keymap)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(97)p eop end @@ -15423,7 +15518,7 @@ h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(61)150 1559 y Fe(MAILCHECK)9 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b -Fb(67)150 1646 y Fe(MAILPATH)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) +Fb(68)150 1646 y Fe(MAILPATH)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38 b Fb(61)150 1734 y Fe(mark-modified-lines)18 b Fc(:)g(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) @@ -15438,19 +15533,19 @@ Fe(meta-flag)9 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(96)150 2252 y Fr(O)150 2369 y Fe(OLDPWD)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(67)150 +(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(68)150 2457 y Fe(OPTARG)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(61)150 2545 y Fe(OPTERR)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(67)150 +(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(68)150 2632 y Fe(OPTIND)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(61)150 2720 y Fe(OSTYPE)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(67)150 +(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(68)150 2808 y Fe(output-meta)24 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(97)150 3062 y Fr(P)150 @@ -15499,13 +15594,13 @@ b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(97)2025 1580 y Fr(S)2025 1696 y Fe(SECONDS)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) -f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(68)2025 +f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(69)2025 1784 y Fe(SHELL)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b -Fb(68)2025 1871 y Fe(SHELLOPTS)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) +Fb(69)2025 1871 y Fe(SHELLOPTS)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h -(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(68)2025 +(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(69)2025 1958 y Fe(SHLVL)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b @@ -15528,11 +15623,11 @@ b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(69)2025 2831 y Fe(TMPDIR)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(69)2025 3065 y Fr(U)2025 +(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(70)2025 3065 y Fr(U)2025 3181 y Fe(UID)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34 -b Fb(69)2025 3414 y Fr(V)2025 3530 y Fe(visible-stats)16 +b Fb(70)2025 3414 y Fr(V)2025 3530 y Fe(visible-stats)16 b Fc(:)g(:)d(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(98)150 3763 y Fr(D.4)68 b(F)-11 b(unction)44 b(Index)150 @@ -15651,7 +15746,7 @@ y Fe(forward-word)28 b(\(M-f\))8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)35 b Fb(103)150 3321 y Fr(G)150 3438 y Fe(glob-complete-word)30 b(\(M-g\))10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h -(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(110)150 3526 y Fe(glob-expand-word)29 +(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(111)150 3526 y Fe(glob-expand-word)29 b(\(C-x)e(*\))17 b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(111)150 3613 y Fe (glob-list-expansions)30 b(\(C-x)d(g\))7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) @@ -15747,211 +15842,215 @@ b(\(\))18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(103)2025 4801 y Fe(shell-kill-word)29 b(\(\))8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g -(:)35 b Fb(106)2025 4889 y Fe(start-kbd-macro)29 b(\(C-x)d(\(\))20 -b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)46 b Fb(109)2025 5134 y Fr(T)2025 5252 -y Fe(tilde-expand)28 b(\(M-&\))8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) 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Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(8)150 -4343 y(commands,)26 b(shell)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g +4339 y(commands,)26 b(shell)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) -f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(7)150 4432 y(commands,)26 +f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(7)150 4429 y(commands,)26 b(simple)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 -b Fb(8)150 4521 y(commen)n(ts,)26 b(shell)7 b Fc(:)15 +b Fb(8)150 4518 y(commen)n(ts,)26 b(shell)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)34 -b Fb(7)150 4611 y(completion)27 b(builtins)15 b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g +b Fb(7)150 4607 y(completion)27 b(builtins)15 b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) -g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(113)150 4700 y(con\014guration)15 +g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(114)150 4697 y(con\014guration)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42 -b Fb(125)150 4789 y(con)n(trol)26 b(op)r(erator)21 b +b Fb(125)150 4786 y(con)n(trol)26 b(op)r(erator)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 -b Fb(3)150 4878 y(copro)r(cess)12 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g +b Fb(3)150 4875 y(copro)r(cess)12 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b -Fb(13)150 5139 y Fr(D)150 5259 y Fb(directory)26 b(stac)n(k)c +Fb(13)150 5136 y Fr(D)150 5257 y Fb(directory)26 b(stac)n(k)c Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 -b Fb(81)2025 1514 y Fr(E)2025 1636 y Fb(editing)26 b(command)g(lines)13 +b Fb(81)2025 1507 y Fr(E)2025 1630 y Fb(editing)26 b(command)g(lines)13 b Fc(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)39 b Fb(92)2025 1726 +h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)39 b Fb(92)2025 1720 y(en)n(vironmen)n(t)12 b Fc(:)g(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) -g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(31)2025 1817 y(ev)l(aluation,)26 +g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(31)2025 1811 y(ev)l(aluation,)26 b(arithmetic)e Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)49 b -Fb(78)2025 1907 y(ev)n(en)n(t)24 b(designators)14 b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)g +Fb(78)2025 1901 y(ev)n(en)n(t)24 b(designators)14 b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(121)2025 1997 y(execution)25 +h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(121)2025 1992 y(execution)25 b(en)n(vironmen)n(t)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)37 -b Fb(30)2025 2088 y(exit)25 b(status)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) +b Fb(30)2025 2082 y(exit)25 b(status)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(3,)26 -b(32)2025 2178 y(expansion)20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g +b(32)2025 2172 y(expansion)20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(17)2025 -2268 y(expansion,)26 b(arithmetic)12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g +2263 y(expansion,)26 b(arithmetic)12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) -f(:)38 b Fb(23)2025 2359 y(expansion,)26 b(brace)10 b +f(:)38 b Fb(23)2025 2353 y(expansion,)26 b(brace)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)36 -b Fb(18)2025 2449 y(expansion,)26 b(\014lename)12 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h +b Fb(18)2025 2444 y(expansion,)26 b(\014lename)12 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h (:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) -g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)38 b Fb(24)2025 2539 y(expansion,)26 +g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)38 b Fb(24)2025 2534 y(expansion,)26 b(parameter)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40 -b Fb(19)2025 2630 y(expansion,)26 b(pathname)18 b Fc(:)13 +b Fb(19)2025 2624 y(expansion,)26 b(pathname)18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(24)2025 2720 y(expansion,)26 +(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(24)2025 2715 y(expansion,)26 b(tilde)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) -g(:)34 b Fb(18)2025 2810 y(expressions,)27 b(arithmetic)7 +g(:)34 b Fb(18)2025 2805 y(expressions,)27 b(arithmetic)7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(78)2025 2901 +(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(78)2025 2896 y(expressions,)27 b(conditional)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 -b Fb(76)2025 3167 y Fr(F)2025 3289 y Fb(\014eld)15 b +b Fb(76)2025 3162 y Fr(F)2025 3285 y Fb(\014eld)15 b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)42 b Fb(3)2025 3379 +g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)42 b Fb(3)2025 3375 y(\014lename)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)42 b Fb(3)2025 -3470 y(\014lename)26 b(expansion)c Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) +3465 y(\014lename)26 b(expansion)c Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(24)2025 3560 y(foreground)23 b Fc(:)13 +(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(24)2025 3556 y(foreground)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h (:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) -49 b Fb(87)2025 3650 y(functions,)26 b(shell)21 b Fc(:)13 +49 b Fb(87)2025 3646 y(functions,)26 b(shell)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h (:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 -b Fb(14)2025 3916 y Fr(H)2025 4039 y Fb(history)25 b(builtins)14 +b Fb(14)2025 3913 y Fr(H)2025 4035 y Fb(history)25 b(builtins)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 -b Fb(119)2025 4129 y(history)25 b(ev)n(en)n(ts)19 b Fc(:)13 +b Fb(119)2025 4126 y(history)25 b(ev)n(en)n(ts)19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)46 -b Fb(121)2025 4220 y(history)25 b(expansion)8 b Fc(:)14 +b Fb(121)2025 4216 y(history)25 b(expansion)8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)35 b Fb(121)2025 -4310 y(history)25 b(list)c Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) +4306 y(history)25 b(list)c Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(119)2025 4400 +(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(119)2025 4397 y(History)-6 b(,)25 b(ho)n(w)h(to)g(use)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) -g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(117)2025 4666 y Fr(I)2025 4789 y +g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(117)2025 4663 y Fr(I)2025 4786 y Fb(iden)n(ti\014er)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h (:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)50 b Fb(3)2025 -4879 y(initialization)28 b(\014le,)e(readline)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g +4876 y(initialization)28 b(\014le,)e(readline)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -40 b Fb(94)2025 4969 y(installation)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h +40 b Fb(94)2025 4967 y(installation)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h (:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(125)2025 -5060 y(in)n(teraction,)26 b(readline)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) +5057 y(in)n(teraction,)26 b(readline)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(91)2025 5150 y(in)n(teractiv)n(e)26 +(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(91)2025 5148 y(in)n(teractiv)n(e)26 b(shell)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)40 -b Fb(73,)27 b(74)2025 5240 y(in)n(ternationalization)14 +b Fb(73,)27 b(75)2025 5238 y(in)n(ternationalization)14 b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)41 b Fb(7)p eop end @@ -16065,7 +16164,7 @@ f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(15)2025 1964 y(shell,)26 b(in)n(teractiv)n(e)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40 b Fb(74)2025 2053 y(signal)7 +(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40 b Fb(75)2025 2053 y(signal)7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(4)2025 2142 diff --git a/doc/bashref.texi b/doc/bashref.texi index 7475b946..eb2a79de 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.texi +++ b/doc/bashref.texi @@ -4772,6 +4772,20 @@ The value of @env{MACHTYPE}. @item BASH_VERSION The version number of the current instance of Bash. +@item BASH_XTRACEFD +If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, Bash +will write the trace output generated when @samp{set -x} +is enabled to that file descriptor. +This allows tracing output to be separated from diagnostic and error +messages. +The file descriptor is closed when @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} is unset or assigned +a new value. +Unsetting @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} or assigning it the empty string causes the +trace output to be sent to the standard error. +Note that setting @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} to 2 (the standard error file +descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error +being closed. + @item COLUMNS Used by the @code{select} builtin command to determine the terminal width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a diff --git a/doc/bashref.toc b/doc/bashref.toc index 6bb17b01..adec3bad 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.toc +++ b/doc/bashref.toc @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ @numchapentry{Bash Features}{6}{Bash Features}{71} @numsecentry{Invoking Bash}{6.1}{Invoking Bash}{71} @numsecentry{Bash Startup Files}{6.2}{Bash Startup Files}{73} -@numsecentry{Interactive Shells}{6.3}{Interactive Shells}{74} +@numsecentry{Interactive Shells}{6.3}{Interactive Shells}{75} @numsubsecentry{What is an Interactive Shell?}{6.3.1}{What is an Interactive Shell?}{75} @numsubsecentry{Is this Shell Interactive?}{6.3.2}{Is this Shell Interactive?}{75} @numsubsecentry{Interactive Shell Behavior}{6.3.3}{Interactive Shell Behavior}{75} @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ @numsubsecentry{Some Miscellaneous Commands}{8.4.8}{Miscellaneous Commands}{109} @numsecentry{Readline vi Mode}{8.5}{Readline vi Mode}{111} @numsecentry{Programmable Completion}{8.6}{Programmable Completion}{112} -@numsecentry{Programmable Completion Builtins}{8.7}{Programmable Completion Builtins}{113} +@numsecentry{Programmable Completion Builtins}{8.7}{Programmable Completion Builtins}{114} @numchapentry{Using History Interactively}{9}{Using History Interactively}{119} @numsecentry{Bash History Facilities}{9.1}{Bash History Facilities}{119} @numsecentry{Bash History Builtins}{9.2}{Bash History Builtins}{119} diff --git a/doc/bashref.vr b/doc/bashref.vr index 67912f99..4ec26bea 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.vr +++ b/doc/bashref.vr @@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ \entry{PS1}{61}{\code {PS1}} \entry{PS2}{61}{\code {PS2}} \entry{BASH}{61}{\code {BASH}} +\entry{BASHOPTS}{62}{\code {BASHOPTS}} \entry{BASHPID}{62}{\code {BASHPID}} \entry{BASH_ALIASES}{62}{\code {BASH_ALIASES}} \entry{BASH_ARGC}{62}{\code {BASH_ARGC}} @@ -29,23 +30,24 @@ \entry{BASH_COMMAND}{62}{\code {BASH_COMMAND}} \entry{BASH_ENV}{62}{\code {BASH_ENV}} \entry{BASH_EXECUTION_STRING}{62}{\code {BASH_EXECUTION_STRING}} -\entry{BASH_LINENO}{62}{\code {BASH_LINENO}} +\entry{BASH_LINENO}{63}{\code {BASH_LINENO}} \entry{BASH_REMATCH}{63}{\code {BASH_REMATCH}} \entry{BASH_SOURCE}{63}{\code {BASH_SOURCE}} \entry{BASH_SUBSHELL}{63}{\code {BASH_SUBSHELL}} \entry{BASH_VERSINFO}{63}{\code {BASH_VERSINFO}} \entry{BASH_VERSION}{63}{\code {BASH_VERSION}} -\entry{COLUMNS}{63}{\code {COLUMNS}} -\entry{COMP_CWORD}{63}{\code {COMP_CWORD}} +\entry{BASH_XTRACEFD}{63}{\code {BASH_XTRACEFD}} +\entry{COLUMNS}{64}{\code {COLUMNS}} +\entry{COMP_CWORD}{64}{\code {COMP_CWORD}} \entry{COMP_LINE}{64}{\code {COMP_LINE}} \entry{COMP_POINT}{64}{\code {COMP_POINT}} \entry{COMP_TYPE}{64}{\code {COMP_TYPE}} \entry{COMP_KEY}{64}{\code {COMP_KEY}} \entry{COMP_WORDBREAKS}{64}{\code {COMP_WORDBREAKS}} \entry{COMP_WORDS}{64}{\code {COMP_WORDS}} -\entry{COMPREPLY}{64}{\code {COMPREPLY}} -\entry{DIRSTACK}{64}{\code {DIRSTACK}} -\entry{EMACS}{64}{\code {EMACS}} +\entry{COMPREPLY}{65}{\code {COMPREPLY}} +\entry{DIRSTACK}{65}{\code {DIRSTACK}} +\entry{EMACS}{65}{\code {EMACS}} \entry{EUID}{65}{\code {EUID}} \entry{FCEDIT}{65}{\code {FCEDIT}} \entry{FIGNORE}{65}{\code {FIGNORE}} @@ -53,16 +55,16 @@ \entry{GLOBIGNORE}{65}{\code {GLOBIGNORE}} \entry{GROUPS}{65}{\code {GROUPS}} \entry{histchars}{65}{\code {histchars}} -\entry{HISTCMD}{65}{\code {HISTCMD}} -\entry{HISTCONTROL}{65}{\code {HISTCONTROL}} +\entry{HISTCMD}{66}{\code {HISTCMD}} +\entry{HISTCONTROL}{66}{\code {HISTCONTROL}} \entry{HISTFILE}{66}{\code {HISTFILE}} \entry{HISTFILESIZE}{66}{\code {HISTFILESIZE}} \entry{HISTIGNORE}{66}{\code {HISTIGNORE}} \entry{HISTSIZE}{66}{\code {HISTSIZE}} \entry{HISTTIMEFORMAT}{66}{\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}} -\entry{HOSTFILE}{66}{\code {HOSTFILE}} -\entry{HOSTNAME}{66}{\code {HOSTNAME}} -\entry{HOSTTYPE}{66}{\code {HOSTTYPE}} +\entry{HOSTFILE}{67}{\code {HOSTFILE}} +\entry{HOSTNAME}{67}{\code {HOSTNAME}} +\entry{HOSTTYPE}{67}{\code {HOSTTYPE}} \entry{IGNOREEOF}{67}{\code {IGNOREEOF}} \entry{INPUTRC}{67}{\code {INPUTRC}} \entry{LANG}{67}{\code {LANG}} @@ -74,10 +76,10 @@ \entry{LINENO}{67}{\code {LINENO}} \entry{LINES}{67}{\code {LINES}} \entry{MACHTYPE}{67}{\code {MACHTYPE}} -\entry{MAILCHECK}{67}{\code {MAILCHECK}} -\entry{OLDPWD}{67}{\code {OLDPWD}} -\entry{OPTERR}{67}{\code {OPTERR}} -\entry{OSTYPE}{67}{\code {OSTYPE}} +\entry{MAILCHECK}{68}{\code {MAILCHECK}} +\entry{OLDPWD}{68}{\code {OLDPWD}} +\entry{OPTERR}{68}{\code {OPTERR}} +\entry{OSTYPE}{68}{\code {OSTYPE}} \entry{PIPESTATUS}{68}{\code {PIPESTATUS}} \entry{POSIXLY_CORRECT}{68}{\code {POSIXLY_CORRECT}} \entry{PPID}{68}{\code {PPID}} @@ -88,14 +90,14 @@ \entry{PWD}{68}{\code {PWD}} \entry{RANDOM}{68}{\code {RANDOM}} \entry{REPLY}{68}{\code {REPLY}} -\entry{SECONDS}{68}{\code {SECONDS}} -\entry{SHELL}{68}{\code {SHELL}} -\entry{SHELLOPTS}{68}{\code {SHELLOPTS}} +\entry{SECONDS}{69}{\code {SECONDS}} +\entry{SHELL}{69}{\code {SHELL}} +\entry{SHELLOPTS}{69}{\code {SHELLOPTS}} \entry{SHLVL}{69}{\code {SHLVL}} \entry{TIMEFORMAT}{69}{\code {TIMEFORMAT}} \entry{TMOUT}{69}{\code {TMOUT}} -\entry{TMPDIR}{69}{\code {TMPDIR}} -\entry{UID}{69}{\code {UID}} +\entry{TMPDIR}{70}{\code {TMPDIR}} +\entry{UID}{70}{\code {UID}} \entry{auto_resume}{90}{\code {auto_resume}} \entry{bell-style}{95}{\code {bell-style}} \entry{bind-tty-special-chars}{95}{\code {bind-tty-special-chars}} diff --git a/doc/bashref.vrs b/doc/bashref.vrs index 141e9244..1637fa4f 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.vrs +++ b/doc/bashref.vrs @@ -27,20 +27,22 @@ \entry {\code {BASH_COMMAND}}{62} \entry {\code {BASH_ENV}}{62} \entry {\code {BASH_EXECUTION_STRING}}{62} -\entry {\code {BASH_LINENO}}{62} +\entry {\code {BASH_LINENO}}{63} \entry {\code {BASH_REMATCH}}{63} \entry {\code {BASH_SOURCE}}{63} \entry {\code {BASH_SUBSHELL}}{63} \entry {\code {BASH_VERSINFO}}{63} \entry {\code {BASH_VERSION}}{63} +\entry {\code {BASH_XTRACEFD}}{63} +\entry {\code {BASHOPTS}}{62} \entry {\code {BASHPID}}{62} \entry {\code {bell-style}}{95} \entry {\code {bind-tty-special-chars}}{95} \initial {C} \entry {\code {CDPATH}}{61} -\entry {\code {COLUMNS}}{63} +\entry {\code {COLUMNS}}{64} \entry {\code {comment-begin}}{95} -\entry {\code {COMP_CWORD}}{63} +\entry {\code {COMP_CWORD}}{64} \entry {\code {COMP_KEY}}{64} \entry {\code {COMP_LINE}}{64} \entry {\code {COMP_POINT}}{64} @@ -49,14 +51,14 @@ \entry {\code {COMP_WORDS}}{64} \entry {\code {completion-prefix-display-length}}{95} \entry {\code {completion-query-items}}{95} -\entry {\code {COMPREPLY}}{64} +\entry {\code {COMPREPLY}}{65} \entry {\code {convert-meta}}{96} \initial {D} -\entry {\code {DIRSTACK}}{64} +\entry {\code {DIRSTACK}}{65} \entry {\code {disable-completion}}{96} \initial {E} \entry {\code {editing-mode}}{96} -\entry {\code {EMACS}}{64} +\entry {\code {EMACS}}{65} \entry {\code {enable-keypad}}{96} \entry {\code {EUID}}{65} \entry {\code {expand-tilde}}{96} @@ -69,8 +71,8 @@ \entry {\code {GROUPS}}{65} \initial {H} \entry {\code {histchars}}{65} -\entry {\code {HISTCMD}}{65} -\entry {\code {HISTCONTROL}}{65} +\entry {\code {HISTCMD}}{66} +\entry {\code {HISTCONTROL}}{66} \entry {\code {HISTFILE}}{66} \entry {\code {HISTFILESIZE}}{66} \entry {\code {HISTIGNORE}}{66} @@ -80,9 +82,9 @@ \entry {\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}}{66} \entry {\code {HOME}}{61} \entry {\code {horizontal-scroll-mode}}{96} -\entry {\code {HOSTFILE}}{66} -\entry {\code {HOSTNAME}}{66} -\entry {\code {HOSTTYPE}}{66} +\entry {\code {HOSTFILE}}{67} +\entry {\code {HOSTNAME}}{67} +\entry {\code {HOSTTYPE}}{67} \initial {I} \entry {\code {IFS}}{61} \entry {\code {IGNOREEOF}}{67} @@ -103,18 +105,18 @@ \initial {M} \entry {\code {MACHTYPE}}{67} \entry {\code {MAIL}}{61} -\entry {\code {MAILCHECK}}{67} +\entry {\code {MAILCHECK}}{68} \entry {\code {MAILPATH}}{61} \entry {\code {mark-modified-lines}}{97} \entry {\code {mark-symlinked-directories}}{97} \entry {\code {match-hidden-files}}{97} \entry {\code {meta-flag}}{96} \initial {O} -\entry {\code {OLDPWD}}{67} +\entry {\code {OLDPWD}}{68} \entry {\code {OPTARG}}{61} -\entry {\code {OPTERR}}{67} +\entry {\code {OPTERR}}{68} \entry {\code {OPTIND}}{61} -\entry {\code {OSTYPE}}{67} +\entry {\code {OSTYPE}}{68} \entry {\code {output-meta}}{97} \initial {P} \entry {\code {page-completions}}{97} @@ -134,9 +136,9 @@ \entry {\code {REPLY}}{68} \entry {\code {revert-all-at-newline}}{97} \initial {S} -\entry {\code {SECONDS}}{68} -\entry {\code {SHELL}}{68} -\entry {\code {SHELLOPTS}}{68} +\entry {\code {SECONDS}}{69} +\entry {\code {SHELL}}{69} +\entry {\code {SHELLOPTS}}{69} \entry {\code {SHLVL}}{69} \entry {\code {show-all-if-ambiguous}}{98} \entry {\code {show-all-if-unmodified}}{98} @@ -145,8 +147,8 @@ \entry {\code {TEXTDOMAINDIR}}{7} \entry {\code {TIMEFORMAT}}{69} \entry {\code {TMOUT}}{69} -\entry {\code {TMPDIR}}{69} +\entry {\code {TMPDIR}}{70} \initial {U} -\entry {\code {UID}}{69} +\entry {\code {UID}}{70} \initial {V} \entry {\code {visible-stats}}{98} diff --git a/doc/builtins.0 b/doc/builtins.0 index 129f312b..effd125a 100644 --- a/doc/builtins.0 +++ b/doc/builtins.0 @@ -1058,15 +1058,15 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS --pp Turn on _p_r_i_v_i_l_e_g_e_d mode. In this mode, the $$EENNVV and $$BBAASSHH__EENNVV files are not processed, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, and the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS, - CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they appear in the - environment, are ignored. If the shell is started with - the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user - (group) id, and the --pp option is not supplied, these - actions are taken and the effective user id is set to - the real user id. If the --pp option is supplied at - startup, the effective user id is not reset. Turning - this option off causes the effective user and group ids - to be set to the real user and group ids. + BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS, CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they + appear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is + started with the effective user (group) id not equal to + the real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not sup- + plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id + is set to the real user id. If the --pp option is sup- + plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset. + Turning this option off causes the effective user and + group ids to be set to the real user and group ids. --tt Exit after reading and executing one command. --uu Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe- cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing diff --git a/doc/builtins.ps b/doc/builtins.ps index 000f6761..420646eb 100644 --- a/doc/builtins.ps +++ b/doc/builtins.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2 -%%CreationDate: Mon Aug 3 10:10:38 2009 +%%CreationDate: Mon Aug 17 14:38:17 2009 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic @@ -1871,21 +1871,22 @@ E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 360 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 F2($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F2($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.071 (\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5 (cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 570 R 1.501 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F2(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E F3(,)A F1(CDP)184 582 Q --.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 5.603(,a)C(nd)-5.603 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)5.603 E -F0 -.25(va)5.603 G 3.103(riables, if the).25 F 5.603(ya)-.15 G 3.103 -(ppear in the en)-5.603 F 3.103(vironment, are)-.4 F 2.617(ignored. If) -184 594 R .117(the shell is started with the ef)2.617 F(fecti)-.25 E -.418 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .118(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real user) -.15 F 1.018(\(group\) id, and the)184 606 R F1<ad70>3.518 E F0 1.018 -(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)3.518 F 1.018 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fecti)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .286 -(user id is set to the real user id.)184 618 R .286(If the)5.286 F F1 -<ad70>2.786 E F0 .287(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.786 F -(fecti)-.25 E .587 -.15(ve u)-.25 H(ser).15 E .103(id is not reset.)184 -630 R -.45(Tu)5.103 G .102(rning this option of).45 F 2.602(fc)-.25 G -.102(auses the ef)-2.602 F(fecti)-.25 E .402 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .102 -(ser and group ids to be set to).15 F(the real user and group ids.)184 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F2(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E F3(,)A F1 -.3(BA)184 582 +S(SHOPTS).3 E F0(,)A F1(CDP)3.186 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 3.186(,a)C +(nd)-3.186 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)3.186 E F0 -.25(va)3.186 G .686 +(riables, if the).25 F 3.186(ya)-.15 G .686(ppear in the en)-3.186 F +(viron-)-.4 E .853(ment, are ignored.)184 594 R .854 +(If the shell is started with the ef)5.853 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.154 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .854(ser \(group\) id not equal to).15 F .043 +(the real user \(group\) id, and the)184 606 R F1<ad70>2.543 E F0 .043 +(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.543 F .043(en and the) +-.1 F(ef)184 618 Q(fecti)-.25 E 1.666 -.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.366 +(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F 1.367(If the)6.367 F F1<ad70> +3.867 E F0 1.367(option is supplied at startup, the)3.867 F(ef)184 630 Q +(fecti)-.25 E .709 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .409(ser id is not reset.).15 F -.45 +(Tu)5.409 G .409(rning this option of).45 F 2.909(fc)-.25 G .408 +(auses the ef)-2.909 F(fecti)-.25 E .708 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .408 +(ser and group).15 F(ids to be set to the real user and group ids.)184 642 Q F1<ad74>144 654 Q F0(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 666 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .043 (eat unset v).35 F .044(ariables and parameters other than the special \ diff --git a/doc/rbash.ps b/doc/rbash.ps index c5c4611b..5edf3247 100644 --- a/doc/rbash.ps +++ b/doc/rbash.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2 -%%CreationDate: Mon Aug 3 10:10:38 2009 +%%CreationDate: Mon Aug 17 14:38:17 2009 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 2 diff --git a/doc/version.texi b/doc/version.texi index 5bffb520..b93d6b18 100644 --- a/doc/version.texi +++ b/doc/version.texi @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ Copyright (C) 1988-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @end ignore -@set LASTCHANGE Fri Aug 14 18:32:24 EDT 2009 +@set LASTCHANGE Mon Aug 17 14:38:05 EDT 2009 @set EDITION 4.0 @set VERSION 4.0 -@set UPDATED 14 August 2009 +@set UPDATED 17 August 2009 @set UPDATED-MONTH August 2009 @@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ extern int errno; extern int executing_line_number __P((void)); +extern int last_command_exit_value; extern char *shell_name; #if defined (JOB_CONTROL) extern pid_t shell_pgrp; @@ -331,7 +332,7 @@ parser_error (lineno, format, va_alist) va_end (args); if (exit_immediately_on_error) - exit_shell (2); + exit_shell (last_command_exit_value = 2); } #ifdef DEBUG diff --git a/error.c~ b/error.c~ new file mode 100644 index 00000000..87448065 --- /dev/null +++ b/error.c~ @@ -0,0 +1,454 @@ +/* error.c -- Functions for handling errors. */ + +/* Copyright (C) 1993-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + + This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell. + + Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify + it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by + the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or + (at your option) any later version. + + Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + GNU General Public License for more details. + + You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. +*/ + +#include "config.h" + +#include "bashtypes.h" +#include <fcntl.h> + +#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H) +# include <unistd.h> +#endif + +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +# include <stdarg.h> +#else +# include <varargs.h> +#endif + +#include <stdio.h> + +#include <errno.h> +#if !defined (errno) +extern int errno; +#endif /* !errno */ + +#include "bashansi.h" +#include "bashintl.h" + +#include "shell.h" +#include "flags.h" +#include "input.h" + +#if defined (HISTORY) +# include "bashhist.h" +#endif + +extern int executing_line_number __P((void)); + +extern char *shell_name; +#if defined (JOB_CONTROL) +extern pid_t shell_pgrp; +extern int give_terminal_to __P((pid_t, int)); +#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */ + +#if defined (ARRAY_VARS) +extern const char * const bash_badsub_errmsg; +#endif + +static void error_prolog __P((int)); + +/* The current maintainer of the shell. You change this in the + Makefile. */ +#if !defined (MAINTAINER) +#define MAINTAINER "bash-maintainers@gnu.org" +#endif + +const char * const the_current_maintainer = MAINTAINER; + +int gnu_error_format = 0; + +static void +error_prolog (print_lineno) + int print_lineno; +{ + char *ename; + int line; + + ename = get_name_for_error (); + line = (print_lineno && interactive_shell == 0) ? executing_line_number () : -1; + + if (line > 0) + fprintf (stderr, "%s:%s%d: ", ename, gnu_error_format ? "" : _(" line "), line); + else + fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", ename); +} + +/* Return the name of the shell or the shell script for error reporting. */ +char * +get_name_for_error () +{ + char *name; +#if defined (ARRAY_VARS) + SHELL_VAR *bash_source_v; + ARRAY *bash_source_a; +#endif + + name = (char *)NULL; + if (interactive_shell == 0) + { +#if defined (ARRAY_VARS) + bash_source_v = find_variable ("BASH_SOURCE"); + if (bash_source_v && array_p (bash_source_v) && + (bash_source_a = array_cell (bash_source_v))) + name = array_reference (bash_source_a, 0); + if (name == 0 || *name == '\0') /* XXX - was just name == 0 */ +#endif + name = dollar_vars[0]; + } + if (name == 0 && shell_name && *shell_name) + name = base_pathname (shell_name); + if (name == 0) +#if defined (PROGRAM) + name = PROGRAM; +#else + name = "bash"; +#endif + + return (name); +} + +/* Report an error having to do with FILENAME. This does not use + sys_error so the filename is not interpreted as a printf-style + format string. */ +void +file_error (filename) + const char *filename; +{ + report_error ("%s: %s", filename, strerror (errno)); +} + +void +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +programming_error (const char *format, ...) +#else +programming_error (format, va_alist) + const char *format; + va_dcl +#endif +{ + va_list args; + char *h; + +#if defined (JOB_CONTROL) + give_terminal_to (shell_pgrp, 0); +#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */ + + SH_VA_START (args, format); + + vfprintf (stderr, format, args); + fprintf (stderr, "\n"); + va_end (args); + +#if defined (HISTORY) + if (remember_on_history) + { + h = last_history_line (); + fprintf (stderr, _("last command: %s\n"), h ? h : "(null)"); + } +#endif + +#if 0 + fprintf (stderr, "Report this to %s\n", the_current_maintainer); +#endif + + fprintf (stderr, _("Aborting...")); + fflush (stderr); + + abort (); +} + +/* Print an error message and, if `set -e' has been executed, exit the + shell. Used in this file by file_error and programming_error. Used + outside this file mostly to report substitution and expansion errors, + and for bad invocation options. */ +void +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +report_error (const char *format, ...) +#else +report_error (format, va_alist) + const char *format; + va_dcl +#endif +{ + va_list args; + + error_prolog (1); + + SH_VA_START (args, format); + + vfprintf (stderr, format, args); + fprintf (stderr, "\n"); + + va_end (args); + if (exit_immediately_on_error) + exit_shell (1); +} + +void +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +fatal_error (const char *format, ...) +#else +fatal_error (format, va_alist) + const char *format; + va_dcl +#endif +{ + va_list args; + + error_prolog (0); + + SH_VA_START (args, format); + + vfprintf (stderr, format, args); + fprintf (stderr, "\n"); + + va_end (args); + sh_exit (2); +} + +void +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +internal_error (const char *format, ...) +#else +internal_error (format, va_alist) + const char *format; + va_dcl +#endif +{ + va_list args; + + error_prolog (1); + + SH_VA_START (args, format); + + vfprintf (stderr, format, args); + fprintf (stderr, "\n"); + + va_end (args); +} + +void +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +internal_warning (const char *format, ...) +#else +internal_warning (format, va_alist) + const char *format; + va_dcl +#endif +{ + va_list args; + + error_prolog (1); + fprintf (stderr, _("warning: ")); + + SH_VA_START (args, format); + + vfprintf (stderr, format, args); + fprintf (stderr, "\n"); + + va_end (args); +} + +void +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +sys_error (const char *format, ...) +#else +sys_error (format, va_alist) + const char *format; + va_dcl +#endif +{ + int e; + va_list args; + + e = errno; + error_prolog (0); + + SH_VA_START (args, format); + + vfprintf (stderr, format, args); + fprintf (stderr, ": %s\n", strerror (e)); + + va_end (args); +} + +/* An error from the parser takes the general form + + shell_name: input file name: line number: message + + The input file name and line number are omitted if the shell is + currently interactive. If the shell is not currently interactive, + the input file name is inserted only if it is different from the + shell name. */ +void +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +parser_error (int lineno, const char *format, ...) +#else +parser_error (lineno, format, va_alist) + int lineno; + const char *format; + va_dcl +#endif +{ + va_list args; + char *ename, *iname; + + ename = get_name_for_error (); + iname = yy_input_name (); + + if (interactive) + fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", ename); + else if (interactive_shell) + fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s:%s%d: ", ename, iname, gnu_error_format ? "" : _(" line "), lineno); + else if (STREQ (ename, iname)) + fprintf (stderr, "%s:%s%d: ", ename, gnu_error_format ? "" : _(" line "), lineno); + else + fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s:%s%d: ", ename, iname, gnu_error_format ? "" : _(" line "), lineno); + + SH_VA_START (args, format); + + vfprintf (stderr, format, args); + fprintf (stderr, "\n"); + + va_end (args); + + if (exit_immediately_on_error) + exit_shell (last_command_exit_value = 2); +} + +#ifdef DEBUG +void +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +itrace (const char *format, ...) +#else +itrace (format, va_alist) + const char *format; + va_dcl +#endif +{ + va_list args; + + fprintf(stderr, "TRACE: pid %ld: ", (long)getpid()); + + SH_VA_START (args, format); + + vfprintf (stderr, format, args); + fprintf (stderr, "\n"); + + va_end (args); + + fflush(stderr); +} + +/* A trace function for silent debugging -- doesn't require a control + terminal. */ +void +#if defined (PREFER_STDARG) +trace (const char *format, ...) +#else +trace (format, va_alist) + const char *format; + va_dcl +#endif +{ + va_list args; + static FILE *tracefp = (FILE *)NULL; + + if (tracefp == NULL) + tracefp = fopen("/tmp/bash-trace.log", "a+"); + + if (tracefp == NULL) + tracefp = stderr; + else + fcntl (fileno (tracefp), F_SETFD, 1); /* close-on-exec */ + + fprintf(tracefp, "TRACE: pid %ld: ", (long)getpid()); + + SH_VA_START (args, format); + + vfprintf (tracefp, format, args); + fprintf (tracefp, "\n"); + + va_end (args); + + fflush(tracefp); +} + +#endif /* DEBUG */ + +/* **************************************************************** */ +/* */ +/* Common error reporting */ +/* */ +/* **************************************************************** */ + + +static const char * const cmd_error_table[] = { + N_("unknown command error"), /* CMDERR_DEFAULT */ + N_("bad command type"), /* CMDERR_BADTYPE */ + N_("bad connector"), /* CMDERR_BADCONN */ + N_("bad jump"), /* CMDERR_BADJUMP */ + 0 +}; + +void +command_error (func, code, e, flags) + const char *func; + int code, e, flags; /* flags currently unused */ +{ + if (code > CMDERR_LAST) + code = CMDERR_DEFAULT; + + programming_error ("%s: %s: %d", func, _(cmd_error_table[code]), e); +} + +char * +command_errstr (code) + int code; +{ + if (code > CMDERR_LAST) + code = CMDERR_DEFAULT; + + return (_(cmd_error_table[code])); +} + +#ifdef ARRAY_VARS +void +err_badarraysub (s) + const char *s; +{ + report_error ("%s: %s", s, _(bash_badsub_errmsg)); +} +#endif + +void +err_unboundvar (s) + const char *s; +{ + report_error (_("%s: unbound variable"), s); +} + +void +err_readonly (s) + const char *s; +{ + report_error (_("%s: readonly variable"), s); +} @@ -196,6 +196,10 @@ extern char *fmtullong __P((unsigned long long int, int, char *, size_t, int)); /* Declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/fmtumax.c */ extern char *fmtumax __P((uintmax_t, int, char *, size_t, int)); +/* Declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/fnxform.c */ +extern char *fnx_fromfs __P((char *, size_t)); +extern char *fnx_tofs __P((char *, size_t)); + /* Declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/fpurge.c */ #if defined NEED_FPURGE_DECL @@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ extern void xtrace_init __P((void)); #ifdef NEED_XTRACE_SET_DECL extern void xtrace_set __P((int, FILE *)); #endif +extern void xtrace_reset __P((void)); extern char *indirection_level_string __P((void)); extern void xtrace_print_assignment __P((char *, char *, int, int)); extern void xtrace_print_word_list __P((WORD_LIST *, int)); @@ -195,6 +196,10 @@ extern char *fmtullong __P((unsigned long long int, int, char *, size_t, int)); /* Declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/fmtumax.c */ extern char *fmtumax __P((uintmax_t, int, char *, size_t, int)); +/* Declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/fnxform.c */ +extern char *fnx_fromfs __P((ICONV_CONST char *, size_t)); +extern char *fnx_tofs __P((ICONV_CONST char *, size_t)); + /* Declarations for functions defined in lib/sh/fpurge.c */ #if defined NEED_FPURGE_DECL diff --git a/lib/glob/glob.c b/lib/glob/glob.c index cc951941..52362495 100644 --- a/lib/glob/glob.c +++ b/lib/glob/glob.c @@ -426,13 +426,14 @@ glob_vector (pat, dir, flags) register struct globval *nextlink; register char *nextname, *npat, *subdir; unsigned int count; - int lose, skip, ndirs, isdir, sdlen, add_current; + int lose, skip, ndirs, isdir, sdlen, add_current, patlen; register char **name_vector; register unsigned int i; int mflags; /* Flags passed to strmatch (). */ int pflags; /* flags passed to sh_makepath () */ int nalloca; struct globval *firstmalloc, *tmplink; + char *convfn; lastlink = 0; count = lose = skip = add_current = 0; @@ -466,6 +467,8 @@ glob_vector (pat, dir, flags) skip = 1; } + patlen = strlen (pat); + /* If the filename pattern (PAT) does not contain any globbing characters, we can dispense with reading the directory, and just see if there is a filename `DIR/PAT'. If there is, and we can access it, just make the @@ -479,8 +482,8 @@ glob_vector (pat, dir, flags) return ((char **) &glob_error_return); dirlen = strlen (dir); - nextname = (char *)malloc (dirlen + strlen (pat) + 2); - npat = (char *)malloc (strlen (pat) + 1); + nextname = (char *)malloc (dirlen + patlen + 2); + npat = (char *)malloc (patlen + 1); if (nextname == 0 || npat == 0) lose = 1; else @@ -633,8 +636,9 @@ glob_vector (pat, dir, flags) ++count; continue; } - - if (strmatch (pat, dp->d_name, mflags) != FNM_NOMATCH) + + convfn = fnx_fromfs (dp->d_name, D_NAMLEN (dp)); + if (strmatch (pat, convfn, mflags) != FNM_NOMATCH) { if (nalloca < ALLOCA_MAX) { diff --git a/lib/glob/glob.c~ b/lib/glob/glob.c~ index 1bd698d2..ffe7b316 100644 --- a/lib/glob/glob.c~ +++ b/lib/glob/glob.c~ @@ -426,13 +426,14 @@ glob_vector (pat, dir, flags) register struct globval *nextlink; register char *nextname, *npat, *subdir; unsigned int count; - int lose, skip, ndirs, isdir, sdlen, add_current; + int lose, skip, ndirs, isdir, sdlen, add_current, patlen; register char **name_vector; register unsigned int i; int mflags; /* Flags passed to strmatch (). */ int pflags; /* flags passed to sh_makepath () */ int nalloca; struct globval *firstmalloc, *tmplink; + char *convfn; lastlink = 0; count = lose = skip = add_current = 0; @@ -466,6 +467,8 @@ glob_vector (pat, dir, flags) skip = 1; } + patlen = strlen (pat); + /* If the filename pattern (PAT) does not contain any globbing characters, we can dispense with reading the directory, and just see if there is a filename `DIR/PAT'. If there is, and we can access it, just make the @@ -479,8 +482,8 @@ glob_vector (pat, dir, flags) return ((char **) &glob_error_return); dirlen = strlen (dir); - nextname = (char *)malloc (dirlen + strlen (pat) + 2); - npat = (char *)malloc (strlen (pat) + 1); + nextname = (char *)malloc (dirlen + patlen + 2); + npat = (char *)malloc (patlen + 1); if (nextname == 0 || npat == 0) lose = 1; else @@ -633,8 +636,9 @@ glob_vector (pat, dir, flags) ++count; continue; } - - if (strmatch (pat, dp->d_name, mflags) != FNM_NOMATCH) + + convfn = fnxform (dp->d_name, D_NAMLEN (dp)); + if (strmatch (pat, convfn, mflags) != FNM_NOMATCH) { if (nalloca < ALLOCA_MAX) { @@ -665,8 +669,9 @@ glob_vector (pat, dir, flags) (void) closedir (d); } - /* compat: if GX_ALLDIRS, add the passed directory also. Add an empty - directory name as a placeholder if GX_NULLDIR. */ + /* compat: if GX_ADDCURDIR, add the passed directory also. Add an empty + directory name as a placeholder if GX_NULLDIR (in which case the passed + directory name is "."). */ if (add_current) { sdlen = strlen (dir); diff --git a/lib/readline/bind.c b/lib/readline/bind.c index c8bef1c7..77b018ab 100644 --- a/lib/readline/bind.c +++ b/lib/readline/bind.c @@ -1443,6 +1443,7 @@ static const struct { { "revert-all-at-newline", &_rl_revert_all_at_newline, 0 }, { "show-all-if-ambiguous", &_rl_complete_show_all, 0 }, { "show-all-if-unmodified", &_rl_complete_show_unmodified, 0 }, + { "skip-completed-text", &_rl_skip_completed_text, 0 }, #if defined (VISIBLE_STATS) { "visible-stats", &rl_visible_stats, 0 }, #endif /* VISIBLE_STATS */ diff --git a/lib/readline/bind.c~ b/lib/readline/bind.c~ index cfa66978..c8bef1c7 100644 --- a/lib/readline/bind.c~ +++ b/lib/readline/bind.c~ @@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ rl_generic_bind (type, keyseq, data, map) overridden. We use a special bindable function that does nothing. */ if (type == ISFUNC && data == 0) - data = _rl_null_function; + data = (char *)_rl_null_function; } map[ic].function = KEYMAP_TO_FUNCTION (data); diff --git a/lib/readline/complete.c b/lib/readline/complete.c index a6ba46e3..efee3eec 100644 --- a/lib/readline/complete.c +++ b/lib/readline/complete.c @@ -179,6 +179,12 @@ int _rl_completion_prefix_display_length = 0; int rl_visible_stats = 0; #endif /* VISIBLE_STATS */ +/* If non-zero, when completing in the middle of a word, don't insert + characters from the match that match characters following point in + the word. This means, for instance, completing when the cursor is + after the `e' in `Makefile' won't result in `Makefilefile'. */ +int _rl_skip_completed_text = 1; + /* If non-zero, then this is the address of a function to call when completing on a directory name. The function is called with the address of a string (the current directory name) as an arg. */ @@ -186,6 +192,17 @@ rl_icppfunc_t *rl_directory_completion_hook = (rl_icppfunc_t *)NULL; rl_icppfunc_t *rl_directory_rewrite_hook = (rl_icppfunc_t *)NULL; +/* If non-zero, this is the address of a function to call when reading + directory entries from the filesystem for completion and comparing + them to the partial word to be completed. The function should + either return its first argument (if no conversion takes place) or + newly-allocated memory. This can, for instance, convert filenames + between character sets for comparison against what's typed at the + keyboard. The returned value is what is added to the list of + matches. The second argument is the length of the filename to be + converted. */ +rl_dequote_func_t *rl_filename_rewrite_hook = (rl_dequote_func_t *)NULL; + /* Non-zero means readline completion functions perform tilde expansion. */ int rl_complete_with_tilde_expansion = 0; @@ -1551,8 +1568,9 @@ insert_match (match, start, mtype, qc) int start, mtype; char *qc; { - char *replacement; + char *replacement, *r; char oqc; + int end; oqc = qc ? *qc : '\0'; replacement = make_quoted_replacement (match, mtype, qc); @@ -1569,7 +1587,21 @@ insert_match (match, start, mtype, qc) else if (qc && (*qc != oqc) && start && rl_line_buffer[start - 1] == oqc && replacement[0] != oqc) start--; - _rl_replace_text (replacement, start, rl_point - 1); + end = rl_point - 1; + if (_rl_skip_completed_text) + { + r = replacement; + while (start < rl_end && *r && rl_line_buffer[start] == *r) + { + start++; + r++; + } + if (start <= end || *r) + _rl_replace_text (r, start, end); + rl_point = start + strlen (r); + } + else + _rl_replace_text (replacement, start, end); if (replacement != match) free (replacement); } @@ -1981,8 +2013,8 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) static char *dirname = (char *)NULL; static char *users_dirname = (char *)NULL; static int filename_len; - char *temp; - int dirlen; + char *temp, *dentry, *convfn; + int dirlen, dentlen, convlen; struct dirent *entry; /* If we don't have any state, then do some initialization. */ @@ -2086,6 +2118,15 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) entry = (struct dirent *)NULL; while (directory && (entry = readdir (directory))) { + convfn = dentry = entry->d_name; + convlen = dentlen = D_NAMLEN (entry); + + if (rl_filename_rewrite_hook) + { + convfn = (*rl_filename_rewrite_hook) (dentry, dentlen); + convlen = (convfn == dentry) ? dentlen : strlen (convfn); + } + /* Special case for no filename. If the user has disabled the `match-hidden-files' variable, skip filenames beginning with `.'. All other entries except "." and ".." match. */ @@ -2094,9 +2135,8 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) if (_rl_match_hidden_files == 0 && HIDDEN_FILE (entry->d_name)) continue; - if (entry->d_name[0] != '.' || - (entry->d_name[1] && - (entry->d_name[1] != '.' || entry->d_name[2]))) + if (convfn[0] != '.' || + (convfn[1] && (convfn[1] != '.' || convfn[2]))) break; } else @@ -2105,16 +2145,16 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) it is a match. */ if (_rl_completion_case_fold) { - if ((_rl_to_lower (entry->d_name[0]) == _rl_to_lower (filename[0])) && - (((int)D_NAMLEN (entry)) >= filename_len) && - (_rl_strnicmp (filename, entry->d_name, filename_len) == 0)) + if ((_rl_to_lower (convfn[0]) == _rl_to_lower (filename[0])) && + (convlen >= filename_len) && + (_rl_strnicmp (filename, convfn, filename_len) == 0)) break; } else { - if ((entry->d_name[0] == filename[0]) && - (((int)D_NAMLEN (entry)) >= filename_len) && - (strncmp (filename, entry->d_name, filename_len) == 0)) + if ((convfn[0] == filename[0]) && + (convlen >= filename_len) && + (strncmp (filename, convfn, filename_len) == 0)) break; } } @@ -2176,7 +2216,10 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) strcpy (temp + dirlen, entry->d_name); } else - temp = savestring (entry->d_name); + temp = savestring (convfn); + + if (convfn != dentry) + free (convfn); return (temp); } diff --git a/lib/readline/complete.c~ b/lib/readline/complete.c~ index c90588ac..0aa714f9 100644 --- a/lib/readline/complete.c~ +++ b/lib/readline/complete.c~ @@ -179,6 +179,12 @@ int _rl_completion_prefix_display_length = 0; int rl_visible_stats = 0; #endif /* VISIBLE_STATS */ +/* If non-zero, when completing in the middle of a word, don't insert + characters from the match that match characters following point in + the word. This means, for instance, completing when the cursor is + after the `e' in `Makefile' won't result in `Makefilefile'. */ +int _rl_skip_completed_text = 1; + /* If non-zero, then this is the address of a function to call when completing on a directory name. The function is called with the address of a string (the current directory name) as an arg. */ @@ -186,6 +192,17 @@ rl_icppfunc_t *rl_directory_completion_hook = (rl_icppfunc_t *)NULL; rl_icppfunc_t *rl_directory_rewrite_hook = (rl_icppfunc_t *)NULL; +/* If non-zero, this is the address of a function to call when reading + directory entries from the filesystem for completion and comparing + them to the partial word to be completed. The function should + either return its first argument (if no conversion takes place) or + newly-allocated memory. This can, for instance, convert filenames + between character sets for comparison against what's typed at the + keyboard. The returned value is what is added to the list of + matches. The second argument is the length of the filename to be + converted. */ +rl_dequote_func_t *rl_filename_rewrite_hook = (rl_dequote_func_t *)NULL; + /* Non-zero means readline completion functions perform tilde expansion. */ int rl_complete_with_tilde_expansion = 0; @@ -1551,8 +1568,9 @@ insert_match (match, start, mtype, qc) int start, mtype; char *qc; { - char *replacement; + char *replacement, *r; char oqc; + int end, ostart; oqc = qc ? *qc : '\0'; replacement = make_quoted_replacement (match, mtype, qc); @@ -1569,7 +1587,21 @@ insert_match (match, start, mtype, qc) else if (qc && (*qc != oqc) && start && rl_line_buffer[start - 1] == oqc && replacement[0] != oqc) start--; - _rl_replace_text (replacement, start, rl_point - 1); + end = rl_point - 1; + if (_rl_skip_completed_text) + { + r = replacement; + while (start < rl_end && *r && rl_line_buffer[start] == *r) + { + start++; + r++; + } + if (start <= end || *r) + _rl_replace_text (r, start, end); + rl_point = start + strlen (r); + } + else + _rl_replace_text (replacement, start, end); if (replacement != match) free (replacement); } @@ -1981,8 +2013,8 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) static char *dirname = (char *)NULL; static char *users_dirname = (char *)NULL; static int filename_len; - char *temp; - int dirlen; + char *temp, *dentry, *convfn; + int dirlen, dentlen, convlen; struct dirent *entry; /* If we don't have any state, then do some initialization. */ @@ -2086,6 +2118,15 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) entry = (struct dirent *)NULL; while (directory && (entry = readdir (directory))) { + convfn = dentry = entry->d_name; + convlen = dentlen = D_NAMLEN (entry); + + if (rl_filename_rewrite_hook) + { + convfn = (*rl_filename_rewrite_hook) (dentry, dentlen); + convlen = (convfn == dentry) ? dentlen : strlen (convfn); + } + /* Special case for no filename. If the user has disabled the `match-hidden-files' variable, skip filenames beginning with `.'. All other entries except "." and ".." match. */ @@ -2094,9 +2135,8 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) if (_rl_match_hidden_files == 0 && HIDDEN_FILE (entry->d_name)) continue; - if (entry->d_name[0] != '.' || - (entry->d_name[1] && - (entry->d_name[1] != '.' || entry->d_name[2]))) + if (convfn[0] != '.' || + (convfn[1] && (convfn[1] != '.' || convfn[2]))) break; } else @@ -2105,16 +2145,16 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) it is a match. */ if (_rl_completion_case_fold) { - if ((_rl_to_lower (entry->d_name[0]) == _rl_to_lower (filename[0])) && - (((int)D_NAMLEN (entry)) >= filename_len) && - (_rl_strnicmp (filename, entry->d_name, filename_len) == 0)) + if ((_rl_to_lower (convfn[0]) == _rl_to_lower (filename[0])) && + (convlen >= filename_len) && + (_rl_strnicmp (filename, convfn, filename_len) == 0)) break; } else { - if ((entry->d_name[0] == filename[0]) && - (((int)D_NAMLEN (entry)) >= filename_len) && - (strncmp (filename, entry->d_name, filename_len) == 0)) + if ((convfn[0] == filename[0]) && + (convlen >= filename_len) && + (strncmp (filename, convfn, filename_len) == 0)) break; } } @@ -2176,7 +2216,10 @@ rl_filename_completion_function (text, state) strcpy (temp + dirlen, entry->d_name); } else - temp = savestring (entry->d_name); + temp = savestring (convfn); + + if (convfn != dentry) + free (convfn); return (temp); } @@ -2261,9 +2304,12 @@ rl_old_menu_complete (count, invoking_key) FREE (orig_text); orig_text = (char *)0; completion_changed_buffer = 0; + RL_UNSETSTATE(RL_STATE_COMPLETING); return (0); } + RL_UNSETSTATE(RL_STATE_COMPLETING); + for (match_list_size = 0; matches[match_list_size]; match_list_size++) ; /* matches[0] is lcd if match_list_size > 1, but the circular buffer @@ -2327,7 +2373,7 @@ rl_menu_complete (count, ignore) /* The first time through, we generate the list of matches and set things up to insert them. */ - if (rl_last_func != rl_menu_complete || full_completion) + if ((rl_last_func != rl_menu_complete && rl_last_func != rl_backward_menu_complete) || full_completion) { /* Clean up from previous call, if any. */ FREE (orig_text); @@ -2467,3 +2513,12 @@ rl_menu_complete (count, ignore) completion_changed_buffer = 1; return (0); } + +int +rl_backward_menu_complete (count, key) + int count, key; +{ + /* Positive arguments to backward-menu-complete translate into negative + arguments for menu-complete, and vice versa. */ + return (rl_menu_complete (-count, key)); +} diff --git a/lib/readline/doc/readline.3 b/lib/readline/doc/readline.3 index 57a3d622..84bc4eb3 100644 --- a/lib/readline/doc/readline.3 +++ b/lib/readline/doc/readline.3 @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ .\" Case Western Reserve University .\" chet@ins.CWRU.Edu .\" -.\" Last Change: Thu Jul 30 09:22:50 EDT 2009 +.\" Last Change: Sat Aug 22 12:03:05 EDT 2009 .\" -.TH READLINE 3 "2009 Jul 30" "GNU Readline 6.0" +.TH READLINE 3 "2009 August 22" "GNU Readline 6.0" .\" .\" File Name macro. This used to be `.PN', for Path Name, .\" but Sun doesn't seem to like that very much. @@ -504,6 +504,14 @@ possible partial completion (the possible completions don't share a common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. .TP +.B skip\-completed\-text (Off) +If set to \fBOn\fP, this alters the default completion behavior when +inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when +performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled, readline +does not insert characters from the completion that match characters +after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word +following the cursor are not duplicated. +.TP .B visible\-stats (Off) If set to \fBOn\fP, a character denoting a file's type as reported by \fIstat\fP(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible diff --git a/lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi b/lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi index 845f277e..04c84898 100644 --- a/lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi +++ b/lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi @@ -1728,6 +1728,35 @@ remove any quote characters from the directory name, because its result will be passed directly to @code{opendir()}. @end deftypevar +@ignore +@deftypevar extern rl_icppfunc_t *rl_directory_rewrite_hook; +If non-zero, this is the address of a function to call when completing +a directory name. This function takes the address of the directory name +to be modified as an argument. Unlike @code{rl_directory_completion_hook}, +it only modifies the directory name used in @code{opendir}, not what is +displayed when the possible completions are printed or inserted. It is +called before rl_directory_completion_hook. + +I'm not happy with how this worksyet, so it's undocumented. +@end deftypevar +@end ignore + +@deftypevar {rl_dequote_func_t *} rl_filename_rewrite_hook +If non-zero, this is the address of a function called when reading +directory entries from the filesystem for completion and comparing +them to the partial word to be completed. The function should +perform any necesary application or system-specific conversion on +the filename, such as converting between character sets or converting +from a filesystem format to a character input format. +The function takes two arguments: @var{fname}, the filename to be converted, +and @var{fnlen}, its length in bytes. +It must either return its first argument (if no conversion takes place) +or the converted filename in newly-allocated memory. The converted +form is used to compare against the word to be completed, and, if it +matches, is added to the list of matches. Readline will free the +allocated string. +@end deftypevar + @deftypevar {rl_compdisp_func_t *} rl_completion_display_matches_hook If non-zero, then this is the address of a function to call when completing a word would normally display the list of possible matches. diff --git a/lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi~ b/lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi~ index 11291e70..845f277e 100644 --- a/lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi~ +++ b/lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi~ @@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ Readline which keymap to use. @deftypefun Keymap rl_make_bare_keymap (void) Returns a new, empty keymap. The space for the keymap is allocated with @code{malloc()}; the caller should free it by calling -@code{rl_discard_keymap()} when done. +@code{rl_free_keymap()} when done. @end deftypefun @deftypefun Keymap rl_copy_keymap (Keymap map) @@ -641,7 +641,8 @@ The caller should free @var{keymap}. @end deftypefun @deftypefun void rl_free_keymap (Keymap keymap) -Free all storage associated with @var{keymap}. +Free all storage associated with @var{keymap}. This calls +@code{rl_discard_keymap} to free subordindate keymaps and macros. @end deftypefun Readline has several internal keymaps. These functions allow you to diff --git a/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi b/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi index 1b4205c9..e499e41d 100644 --- a/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi +++ b/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi @@ -606,6 +606,20 @@ a common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. The default value is @samp{off}. +@item skip-completed-text +@vindex skip-completed-text +If set to @samp{on}, this alters the default completion behavior when +inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when +performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled, readline +does not insert characters from the completion that match characters +after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word +following the cursor are not duplicated. +For instance, if this is enabled, attempting completion when the cursor +is after the @samp{e} in @samp{Makefile} will result in @samp{Makefile} +rather than @samp{Makefilefile}, assuming there is a single possible +completion. +The default value is @samp{off}. + @item visible-stats @vindex visible-stats If set to @samp{on}, a character denoting a file's type @@ -1716,11 +1730,13 @@ For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default completion function would load completions dynamically: +@example _completion_loader() -{ +@{ . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124 -} +@} complete -D -F _completion_loader +@end example @node Programmable Completion Builtins @section Programmable Completion Builtins diff --git a/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi~ b/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi~ index e59b8046..28f61a5a 100644 --- a/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi~ +++ b/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi~ @@ -1436,6 +1436,15 @@ A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences. +@item skip-csi-sequence () +Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those +defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin with a +Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[. If this sequence is +bound to "\e[", keys producing such sequences will have no effect +unless explicitly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting +stray characters into the editing buffer. This is unbound by default, +but usually bound to ESC-[. + @item insert-comment (M-#) Without a numeric argument, the value of the @code{comment-begin} variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line. @@ -1707,11 +1716,13 @@ For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default completion function would load completions dynamically: +@example _completion_loader() -{ +@{ . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124 -} +@} complete -D -F _completion_loader +@end example @node Programmable Completion Builtins @section Programmable Completion Builtins diff --git a/lib/readline/doc/version.texi b/lib/readline/doc/version.texi index d9c101e0..b9fac6b8 100644 --- a/lib/readline/doc/version.texi +++ b/lib/readline/doc/version.texi @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Copyright (C) 1988-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @set EDITION 6.0 @set VERSION 6.0 -@set UPDATED 31 July 2009 -@set UPDATED-MONTH July 2009 +@set UPDATED 22 August 2009 +@set UPDATED-MONTH August 2009 -@set LASTCHANGE Fri Jul 31 20:18:23 EDT 2009 +@set LASTCHANGE Sat Aug 22 12:02:34 EDT 2009 diff --git a/lib/readline/doc/version.texi~ b/lib/readline/doc/version.texi~ index 208412e4..b9fac6b8 100644 --- a/lib/readline/doc/version.texi~ +++ b/lib/readline/doc/version.texi~ @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Copyright (C) 1988-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @set EDITION 6.0 @set VERSION 6.0 -@set UPDATED 30 July 2009 -@set UPDATED-MONTH July 2009 +@set UPDATED 22 August 2009 +@set UPDATED-MONTH August 2009 -@set LASTCHANGE Thu Jul 30 09:23:36 EDT 2009 +@set LASTCHANGE Sat Aug 22 12:02:34 EDT 2009 diff --git a/lib/readline/readline.h b/lib/readline/readline.h index 1774f5cd..c042d4e2 100644 --- a/lib/readline/readline.h +++ b/lib/readline/readline.h @@ -677,6 +677,17 @@ extern rl_icppfunc_t *rl_directory_completion_hook; yet, so it's undocumented. */ extern rl_icppfunc_t *rl_directory_rewrite_hook; +/* If non-zero, this is the address of a function to call when reading + directory entries from the filesystem for completion and comparing + them to the partial word to be completed. The function should + either return its first argument (if no conversion takes place) or + newly-allocated memory. This can, for instance, convert filenames + between character sets for comparison against what's typed at the + keyboard. The returned value is what is added to the list of + matches. The second argument is the length of the filename to be + converted. */ +extern rl_dequote_func_t *rl_filename_rewrite_hook; + /* Backwards compatibility with previous versions of readline. */ #define rl_symbolic_link_hook rl_directory_completion_hook diff --git a/lib/readline/readline.h~ b/lib/readline/readline.h~ index 94c25899..c042d4e2 100644 --- a/lib/readline/readline.h~ +++ b/lib/readline/readline.h~ @@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ extern int rl_forward_word PARAMS((int, int)); extern int rl_backward_word PARAMS((int, int)); extern int rl_refresh_line PARAMS((int, int)); extern int rl_clear_screen PARAMS((int, int)); +extern int rl_skip_csi_sequence PARAMS((int, int)); extern int rl_arrow_keys PARAMS((int, int)); /* Bindable commands for inserting and deleting text. */ @@ -676,6 +677,17 @@ extern rl_icppfunc_t *rl_directory_completion_hook; yet, so it's undocumented. */ extern rl_icppfunc_t *rl_directory_rewrite_hook; +/* If non-zero, this is the address of a function to call when reading + directory entries from the filesystem for completion and comparing + them to the partial word to be completed. The function should + either return its first argument (if no conversion takes place) or + newly-allocated memory. This can, for instance, convert filenames + between character sets for comparison against what's typed at the + keyboard. The returned value is what is added to the list of + matches. The second argument is the length of the filename to be + converted. */ +extern rl_dequote_func_t *rl_filename_rewrite_hook; + /* Backwards compatibility with previous versions of readline. */ #define rl_symbolic_link_hook rl_directory_completion_hook diff --git a/lib/readline/rlprivate.h b/lib/readline/rlprivate.h index 492185b9..b09f45e0 100644 --- a/lib/readline/rlprivate.h +++ b/lib/readline/rlprivate.h @@ -389,6 +389,7 @@ extern int _rl_print_completions_horizontally; extern int _rl_completion_case_fold; extern int _rl_match_hidden_files; extern int _rl_page_completions; +extern int _rl_skip_completed_text; /* display.c */ extern int _rl_vis_botlin; diff --git a/lib/readline/rlprivate.h~ b/lib/readline/rlprivate.h~ index 8ae795a5..492185b9 100644 --- a/lib/readline/rlprivate.h~ +++ b/lib/readline/rlprivate.h~ @@ -349,6 +349,7 @@ extern void _rl_trace (); extern int _rl_tropen PARAMS((void)); extern int _rl_abort_internal PARAMS((void)); +extern int _rl_null_function PARAMS((int, int)); extern char *_rl_strindex PARAMS((const char *, const char *)); extern int _rl_qsort_string_compare PARAMS((char **, char **)); extern int (_rl_uppercase_p) PARAMS((int)); diff --git a/lib/readline/text.c b/lib/readline/text.c index 07d2acf2..4e1aa0cb 100644 --- a/lib/readline/text.c +++ b/lib/readline/text.c @@ -189,10 +189,13 @@ _rl_replace_text (text, start, end) { int n; + n = 0; rl_begin_undo_group (); - rl_delete_text (start, end + 1); + if (start <= end) + rl_delete_text (start, end + 1); rl_point = start; - n = rl_insert_text (text); + if (*text) + n = rl_insert_text (text); rl_end_undo_group (); return n; diff --git a/lib/sh/Makefile.in b/lib/sh/Makefile.in index 8a45c851..91cebf78 100644 --- a/lib/sh/Makefile.in +++ b/lib/sh/Makefile.in @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ CSOURCES = clktck.c clock.c getcwd.c getenv.c oslib.c setlinebuf.c \ strtoll.c strtoull.c strtoimax.c strtoumax.c memset.c strstr.c \ mktime.c strftime.c mbschr.c zcatfd.c zmapfd.c winsize.c eaccess.c \ wcsdup.c fpurge.c zgetline.c mbscmp.c uconvert.c ufuncs.c \ - casemod.c fdprintf.c input_avail.c mbscasecmp.c + casemod.c fdprintf.c input_avail.c mbscasecmp.c fnxform.c # The header files for this library. HSOURCES = @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ OBJECTS = clktck.o clock.o getenv.o oslib.o setlinebuf.o strnlen.o \ strtrans.o snprintf.o mailstat.o fmtulong.o \ fmtullong.o fmtumax.o zcatfd.o zmapfd.o winsize.o wcsdup.o \ fpurge.o zgetline.o mbscmp.o uconvert.o ufuncs.o casemod.o \ - fdprintf.o input_avail.o mbscasecmp.o ${LIBOBJS} + fdprintf.o input_avail.o mbscasecmp.o fnxform.o ${LIBOBJS} SUPPORT = Makefile @@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ fdprintf.o: fdprintf.c fmtullong.o: fmtullong.c fmtulong.o: fmtulong.c fmtumax.o: fmtumax.c +fnxform.o: fnxform.c fpurge.o: fpurge.c getcwd.o: getcwd.c getenv.o: getenv.c @@ -214,6 +215,7 @@ fdprintf.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h fmtullong.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h fmtulong.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h fmtumax.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h +fnxform.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h fpurge.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h getcwd.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h getenv.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/config.h @@ -532,3 +534,8 @@ input_avail.o: ${topdir}/xmalloc.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixselect.h mktime.o: ${topdir}/bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h mktime.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h + +fnxform.o: ${topdir}/bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h +fnxform.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h +fnxform.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h +fnxform.o: ${topdir}/bashintl.h ${LIBINTL_H} ${BASHINCDIR}/gettext.h diff --git a/lib/sh/fnxform.c b/lib/sh/fnxform.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..af581408 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/sh/fnxform.c @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ +/* fnxform - use iconv(3) to transform strings to and from "filename" format */ + +/* Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + + This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell. + + Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify + it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by + the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or + (at your option) any later version. + + Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + GNU General Public License for more details. + + You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. +*/ + +#include <config.h> +#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H) +# include <unistd.h> +#endif +#include "bashansi.h" +#include <stdio.h> +#include "bashtypes.h" + +#include "stdc.h" +#include "bashintl.h" +#include <xmalloc.h> + +#if defined (HAVE_ICONV) +# include <iconv.h> +#endif + +#if defined (HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET) +extern const char *locale_charset __P((void)); +#endif + +#if defined (HAVE_ICONV) +static iconv_t conv_fromfs = (iconv_t)-1; +static iconv_t conv_tofs = (iconv_t)-1; + +#define OUTLEN_MAX 4096 + +static char *outbuf = 0; +static size_t outlen = 0; + +static char *curencoding __P((void)); +static void init_tofs __P((void)); +static void init_fromfs __P((void)); + +static char * +curencoding () +{ + char *loc; +#if defined (HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET) + loc = (char *)locale_charset (); + return loc; +#else + char *dot, *mod; + + loc = get_locale_var ("LC_CTYPE"); + if (loc == 0 || *loc == 0) + return ""; + dot = strchr (loc, '.'); + if (dot == 0) + return loc; + mod = strchr (dot, '@'); + if (mod) + *mod = '\0'; + return dot; +#endif +} + +static void +init_tofs () +{ + char *cur; + + cur = curencoding (); + conv_tofs = iconv_open ("UTF-8-MAC", cur); +} + +static void +init_fromfs () +{ + char *cur; + + cur = curencoding (); + conv_fromfs = iconv_open (cur, "UTF-8-MAC"); +} + +char * +fnx_tofs (string, len) + char *string; + size_t len; +{ +#ifdef MACOSX + ICONV_CONST char *inbuf; + char *tempbuf; + + if (conv_tofs == (iconv_t)-1) + init_tofs (); + if (conv_tofs == (iconv_t)-1) + return string; + + /* Free and reallocate outbuf if it's *too* big */ + if (outlen >= OUTLEN_MAX && len < OUTLEN_MAX - 8) + { + free (outbuf); + outbuf = 0; + outlen = 0; + } + + inbuf = string; + if (outbuf == 0 || outlen < len + 8) + { + outlen = len + 8; + outbuf = outbuf ? xrealloc (outbuf, outlen + 1) : xmalloc (outlen + 1); + } + tempbuf = outbuf; + + iconv (conv_tofs, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); + + if (iconv (conv_tofs, &inbuf, &len, &tempbuf, &outlen) == (size_t)-1) + return string; + + *tempbuf = '\0'; + return outbuf; +#else + return string; +#endif +} + +char * +fnx_fromfs (string, len) + char *string; + size_t len; +{ +#ifdef MACOSX + ICONV_CONST char *inbuf; + char *tempbuf; + + if (conv_fromfs == (iconv_t)-1) + init_fromfs (); + if (conv_fromfs == (iconv_t)-1) + return string; + + /* Free and reallocate outbuf if it's *too* big */ + if (outlen >= OUTLEN_MAX && len < OUTLEN_MAX - 8) + { + free (outbuf); + outbuf = 0; + outlen = 0; + } + + inbuf = string; + if (outbuf == 0 || outlen < len + 8) + { + outlen = len + 8; + outbuf = outbuf ? xrealloc (outbuf, outlen + 1) : xmalloc (outlen + 1); + } + tempbuf = outbuf; + + iconv (conv_fromfs, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); + + if (iconv (conv_fromfs, &inbuf, &len, &tempbuf, &outlen) == (size_t)-1) + return string; + + *tempbuf = '\0'; + return outbuf; +#else + return string; +#endif +} + +#else +char * +fnx_tofs (string) + char *string; +{ + return string; +} + +char * +fnx_fromfs (string) + char *string; +{ + return string; +} +#endif diff --git a/lib/sh/fnxform.c~ b/lib/sh/fnxform.c~ new file mode 100644 index 00000000..91ff10f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/sh/fnxform.c~ @@ -0,0 +1,175 @@ +/* fnxform - use iconv(3) to transform strings to and from "filename" format */ + +/* Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + + This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell. + + Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify + it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by + the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or + (at your option) any later version. + + Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + GNU General Public License for more details. + + You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. +*/ + +#include <config.h> +#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H) +# include <unistd.h> +#endif +#include "bashansi.h" +#include <stdio.h> +#include "bashtypes.h" + +#include "stdc.h" +#include "bashintl.h" +#include <xmalloc.h> + +#if defined (HAVE_ICONV) +# include <iconv.h> +#endif + +#if defined (HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET) +extern const char *locale_charset __P((void)); +#endif + +#if defined (HAVE_ICONV) +static iconv_t conv_fromfs = (iconv_t)-1; +static iconv_t conv_tofs = (iconv_t)-1; + +static char *outbuf = 0; +static size_t outlen = 0; + +static char *curencoding __P((void)); +static void init_tofs __P((void)); +static void init_fromfs __P((void)); + +static char * +curencoding () +{ + char *loc; +#if defined (HAVE_LOCALE_CHARSET) + loc = (char *)locale_charset (); + return loc; +#else + char *dot, *mod; + + loc = get_locale_var ("LC_CTYPE"); + if (loc == 0 || *loc == 0) + return ""; + dot = strchr (loc, '.'); + if (dot == 0) + return loc; + mod = strchr (dot, '@'); + if (mod) + *mod = '\0'; + return dot; +#endif +} + +static void +init_tofs () +{ + char *cur; + + cur = curencoding (); + conv_tofs = iconv_open ("UTF-8-MAC", cur); +} + +static void +init_fromfs () +{ + char *cur; + + cur = curencoding (); + conv_fromfs = iconv_open (cur, "UTF-8-MAC"); +} + +char * +fnx_tofs (string, len) + char *string; + size_t len; +{ +#ifdef MACOSX + ICONV_CONST char *inbuf; + char *tempbuf; + + if (conv_tofs == (iconv_t)-1) + init_tofs (); + if (conv_tofs == (iconv_t)-1) + return string; + + inbuf = string; + if (outbuf == 0 || outlen < len + 8) + { + outlen = len + 8; + outbuf = outbuf ? xrealloc (outbuf, outlen + 1) : xmalloc (outlen + 1); + } + tempbuf = outbuf; + + iconv (conv_tofs, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); + + if (iconv (conv_tofs, &inbuf, &len, &tempbuf, &outlen) == (size_t)-1) + return string; + + *tempbuf = '\0'; + return outbuf; +#else + return string; +#endif +} + +char * +fnx_fromfs (string, len) + char *string; + size_t len; +{ +#ifdef MACOSX + ICONV_CONST char *inbuf; + char *tempbuf; + + if (conv_fromfs == (iconv_t)-1) + init_fromfs (); + if (conv_fromfs == (iconv_t)-1) + return string; + + inbuf = string; + if (outbuf == 0 || outlen < len + 8) + { + outlen = len + 8; + outbuf = outbuf ? xrealloc (outbuf, outlen + 1) : xmalloc (outlen + 1); + } + tempbuf = outbuf; + + iconv (conv_fromfs, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); + + if (iconv (conv_fromfs, &inbuf, &len, &tempbuf, &outlen) == (size_t)-1) + return string; + + *tempbuf = '\0'; + return outbuf; +#else + return string; +#endif +} + +#else +char * +fnx_tofs (string) + char *string; +{ + return string; +} + +char * +fnx_fromfs (string) + char *string; +{ + return string; +} +#endif diff --git a/print_cmd.c b/print_cmd.c index ecb0055b..d902a002 100644 --- a/print_cmd.c +++ b/print_cmd.c @@ -360,16 +360,16 @@ xtrace_set (fd, fp) { if (fd >= 0 && sh_validfd (fd) == 0) { - internal_error ("xtrace_set: %d: invalid file descriptor", fd); + internal_error (_("xtrace_set: %d: invalid file descriptor"), fd); return; } if (fp == 0) { - internal_error ("xtrace_set: NULL file pointer"); + internal_error (_("xtrace_set: NULL file pointer")); return; } if (fd >= 0 && fileno (fp) != fd) - internal_warning ("xtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)", fd, fileno (fp)); + internal_warning (_("xtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)"), fd, fileno (fp)); xtrace_fd = fd; xtrace_fp = fp; @@ -384,14 +384,26 @@ xtrace_init () void xtrace_reset () { - if (xtrace_fd >= 0) + if (xtrace_fd >= 0 && xtrace_fp) + { + fflush (xtrace_fp); + fclose (xtrace_fp); + } + else if (xtrace_fd >= 0) close (xtrace_fd); + xtrace_fd = -1; - if (xtrace_fp) - fclose (xtrace_fp); xtrace_fp = stderr; } +void +xtrace_fdchk (fd) + int fd; +{ + if (fd == xtrace_fd) + xtrace_reset (); +} + /* Return a string denoting what our indirection level is. */ char * @@ -964,6 +964,8 @@ do_redirection_internal (redirect, flags) /* dup-and-close redirection */ if (ri == r_move_input || ri == r_move_output) { + xtrace_fdchk (redir_fd); + close (redir_fd); #if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT) coproc_fdchk (redir_fd); /* XXX - loses coproc fds */ @@ -981,6 +983,7 @@ do_redirection_internal (redirect, flags) #if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT) coproc_fdchk (redirector); #endif + xtrace_fdchk (redirector); #if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT) check_bash_input (redirector); diff --git a/variables.c b/variables.c index ac3dcb23..7ea85bbb 100644 --- a/variables.c +++ b/variables.c @@ -4665,9 +4665,11 @@ sv_xtracefd (name) { fp = fdopen (fd, "w"); if (fp == 0) - internal_error ("%s: %s: cannot open as FILE", name, value_cell (v)); + internal_error (_("%s: %s: cannot open as FILE"), name, value_cell (v)); + else + xtrace_set (fd, fp); } else - internal_error ("%s: %s: invalid value for trace file descriptor", name, value_cell (v)); + internal_error (_("%s: %s: invalid value for trace file descriptor"), name, value_cell (v)); } } |