Bash-4.1 distribution source

20 files changed, 27769 insertions, 23101 deletions

diff --git a/doc/FAQ b/doc/FAQ
index 29d453a5..bef81060 100644
--- a/doc/FAQ
+++ b/doc/FAQ
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-This is the Bash FAQ, version 4.01, for Bash version 4.0.
+This is the Bash FAQ, version 4.11, for Bash version 4.1.
 
 This document contains a set of frequently-asked questions concerning
 Bash, the GNU Bourne-Again Shell.  Bash is a freely-available command
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ A10) What is the bash `posix mode'?
 
 Section B:  The latest version
 
-B1) What's new in version 4.0?
-B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-4.0,
-    bash-3.2, and bash-2.05b?
+B1) What's new in version 4.1?
+B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-4.1 and
+    previous bash versions?
 
 Section C:  Differences from other Unix shells
 
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ E12) Why don't negative offsets in substring expansion work like I expect?
 E13) Why does filename completion misbehave if a colon appears in the filename?
 E14) Why does quoting the pattern argument to the regular expression matching
      conditional operator (=~) cause matching to stop working?
+E15) Tell me more about the shell compatibility level.
 
 Section F:  Things to watch out for on certain Unix versions
 
@@ -143,26 +144,26 @@ of Case Western Reserve University.
 
 A2)  What's the latest version?
 
-The latest version is 4.0, first made available on 20 February, 2009.
+The latest version is 4.1, first made available on 31 December, 2009.
 
 A3)  Where can I get it?
 
 Bash is the GNU project's shell, and so is available from the
 master GNU archive site, ftp.gnu.org, and its mirrors.  The
 latest version is also available for FTP from ftp.cwru.edu.
-The following URLs tell how to get version 4.0:
+The following URLs tell how to get version 4.1:
 
-ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-4.0.tar.gz
-ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.0.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-4.1.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.1.tar.gz
 
 Formatted versions of the documentation are available with the URLs:
 
-ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-doc-4.0.tar.gz
-ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-doc-4.0.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-doc-4.1.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-doc-4.1.tar.gz
 
 Any patches for the current version are available with the URL:
 
-ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.0-patches/
+ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.1-patches/
 
 A4)  On what machines will bash run?
 
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ http://www.cygwin.com/.
 
 Cygnus originally ported bash-1.14.7, and that port was part of their
 early GNU-Win32 (the original name) releases.  Cygnus has also done
-ports of bash-2.05b and bash-3.2 to the CYGWIN environment, and both
+ports of bash-3.2 and bash-4.0 to the CYGWIN environment, and both
 are available as part of their current release.
 
 Bash-2.05b and later versions should require no local Cygnus changes to
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ Mark began to work with bash-2.05, but I don't know the current status.
 
 Bash-3.0 compiles and runs with no modifications under Microsoft's Services
 for Unix (SFU), once known as Interix.  I do not anticipate any problems
-with building bash-4.0, but will gladly accept any patches that are needed.
+with building bash-4.1, but will gladly accept any patches that are needed.
 
 A6) How can I build bash with gcc? 
 
@@ -387,16 +388,124 @@ They are also listed in a section in the Bash Reference Manual
 
 Section B:  The latest version
 
-B1) What's new in version 4.0?
+B1) What's new in version 4.1?
 
-Bash-4.0 is the fourth major release of bash.  There are numerous new features,
-some experimental.  Depending on community reception, the experimental
-features will evolve.
+Bash-4.1 is the first revision to the fourth major release of bash.
 
-Bash-4.0 contains the following new features (see the manual page for
-complete descriptions and the CHANGES and NEWS files in the bash-4.0
+Bash-4.1 contains the following new features (see the manual page for
+complete descriptions and the CHANGES and NEWS files in the bash-4.1
 distribution):
 
+o   Here-documents within $(...) command substitutions may once more be
+    delimited by the closing right paren, instead of requiring a newline.
+
+o   Bash's file status checks (executable, readable, etc.) now take file
+    system ACLs into account on file systems that support them.
+
+o   Bash now passes environment variables with names that are not valid
+    shell variable names through into the environment passed to child
+    processes.
+
+o   The `execute-unix-command' readline function now attempts to clear and
+    reuse the current line rather than move to a new one after the command
+    executes.
+
+o   `printf -v' can now assign values to array indices.
+
+o   New `complete -E' and `compopt -E' options that work on the "empty"
+    completion: completion attempted on an empty command line.
+
+o   New complete/compgen/compopt -D option to define a `default' completion:
+    a completion to be invoked on command for which no completion has been
+    defined.  If this function returns 124, programmable completion is
+    attempted again, allowing a user to dynamically build a set of completions
+    as completion is attempted by having the default completion function
+    install individual completion functions each time it is invoked.
+
+o   When displaying associative arrays, subscripts are now quoted.
+
+o   Changes to dabbrev-expand to make it more `emacs-like': no space appended
+    after matches, completions are not sorted, and most recent history entries
+    are presented first.
+
+o   The [[ and (( commands are now subject to the setting of `set -e' and the
+    ERR trap.
+
+o   The source/. builtin now removes NUL bytes from the file before attempting
+    to parse commands.
+
+o   There is a new configuration option (in config-top.h) that forces bash to
+    forward all history entries to syslog.
+
+o   A new variable $BASHOPTS to export shell options settable using `shopt' to
+    child processes.
+
+o   There is a new confgure option that forces the extglob option to be
+    enabled by default.
+
+o   New variable $BASH_XTRACEFD; when set to an integer bash will write xtrace
+    output to that file descriptor.
+
+o   If the optional left-hand-side of a redirection is of the form {var}, the
+    shell assigns the file descriptor used to $var or uses $var as the file
+    descriptor to move or close, depending on the redirection operator.
+
+o   The < and > operators to the [[ conditional command now do string
+    comparison according to the current locale.
+
+o   Programmable completion now uses the completion for `b' instead of `a'
+    when completion is attempted on a line like: a $(b c.
+
+o   Force extglob on temporarily when parsing the pattern argument to
+    the == and != operators to the [[ command, for compatibility.
+
+o   Changed the behavior of interrupting the wait builtin when a SIGCHLD is
+    received and a trap on SIGCHLD is set to be Posix-mode only.
+
+o   The read builtin has a new `-N nchars' option, which reads exactly NCHARS
+    characters, ignoring delimiters like newline.
+
+o   The mapfile/readarray builtin no longer stores the commands it invokes via
+    callbacks in the history list.
+
+o   There is a new `compat40' shopt option.
+
+o   The < and > operators to [[ do string comparisons using the current locale
+    only if the compatibility level is greater than 40 (set to 41 by default).
+
+o   New bindable readline function: menu-complete-backward.
+
+o   In the readline vi-mode insertion keymap, C-n is now bound to menu-complete
+    by default, and C-p to menu-complete-backward.
+
+o   When in readline vi command mode, repeatedly hitting ESC now does nothing,
+    even when ESC introduces a bound key sequence.  This is closer to how
+    historical vi behaves.
+
+o   New bindable readline function: skip-csi-sequence.  Can be used as a
+    default to consume key sequences generated by keys like Home and End
+    without having to bind all keys.
+
+o   New bindable readline variable: skip-completed-text, active when
+    completing in the middle of a word.  If enabled, it means that characters
+    in the completion that match characters in the remainder of the word are
+    "skipped" rather than inserted into the line.
+
+o   The pre-readline-6.0 version of menu completion is available as
+    "old-menu-complete" for users who do not like the readline-6.0 version.
+
+o   New bindable readline variable: echo-control-characters.  If enabled, and
+    the tty ECHOCTL bit is set, controls the echoing of characters
+    corresponding to keyboard-generated signals.
+
+o   New bindable readline variable: enable-meta-key.  Controls whether or not
+    readline sends the smm/rmm sequences if the terminal indicates it has a
+    meta key that enables eight-bit characters.
+
+A short feature history dating from Bash-2.0:
+
+Bash-4.0 contained the following new features:
+
 o   When using substring expansion on the positional parameters, a starting
     index of 0 now causes $0 to be prefixed to the list.
 
@@ -536,8 +645,6 @@ o   New bindable readline functions shell-backward-kill-word and shell-kill-word
     which kill words backward and forward, but use the same word boundaries
     as shell-forward-word and shell-backward-word.
 
-A short feature history dating from Bash-2.0:
-
 Bash-3.2 contained the following new features:
 
 o Bash-3.2 now checks shell scripts for NUL characters rather than non-printing
@@ -794,13 +901,14 @@ grammar tighter and smaller (66 reduce-reduce conflicts gone)
 lots of code now smaller and faster
 test suite greatly expanded
 
-B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-4.0, bash-3.2,
-    and bash-2.05b?
+B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-4.1 and
+    previous bash versions?
 
-There are a few incompatibilities between version 4.0 and version 3.2.
-They are detailed in the file COMPAT in the bash distribution.  That file
-is not meant to be all-encompassing; send mail to bash-maintainers@gnu.org
-if if you find something that's not mentioned there.
+There are a few incompatibilities between version 4.1 and previous
+versions.  They are detailed in the file COMPAT in the bash distribution.
+That file is not meant to be all-encompassing; send mail to
+bash-maintainers@gnu.org (or bug-bash@gnu.org if you would like
+community discussion) if if you find something that's not mentioned there.
 
 Section C:  Differences from other Unix shells
 
@@ -837,7 +945,7 @@ Things bash has that sh does not:
 		   HISTFILESIZE, HISTCONTROL, HISTIGNORE, GLOBIGNORE, GROUPS,
 		   PROMPT_COMMAND, FCEDIT, FIGNORE, IGNOREEOF, INPUTRC,
 		   SHELLOPTS, OPTERR, HOSTFILE, TMOUT, FUNCNAME, histchars,
-		   auto_resume, PROMPT_DIRTRIM
+		   auto_resume, PROMPT_DIRTRIM, BASHOPTS, BASH_XTRACEFD
 	DEBUG trap
 	ERR trap
 	variable arrays with new compound assignment syntax
@@ -848,7 +956,7 @@ Things bash has that sh does not:
 	bash return builtin will exit a file sourced with `.'
 	builtins: cd -/-L/-P, exec -l/-c/-a, echo -e/-E, hash -d/-l/-p/-t.
 		  export -n/-f/-p/name=value, pwd -L/-P,
-		  read -e/-p/-a/-t/-n/-d/-s/-u/-i,
+		  read -e/-p/-a/-t/-n/-d/-s/-u/-i/-N,
 		  readonly -a/-f/name=value, trap -l, set +o,
 		  set -b/-m/-o option/-h/-p/-B/-C/-H/-P,
 		  unset -f/-v, ulimit -i/-m/-p/-q/-u/-x,
@@ -894,6 +1002,7 @@ Things bash has that sh does not:
 	case-modifying word expansions and variable attributes
 	associative arrays
 	coprocesses using the `coproc' reserved word and variables
+	shell assignment of a file descriptor used in a redirection to a variable
 
 Things sh has that bash does not:
 	uses variable SHACCT to do shell accounting
@@ -950,7 +1059,7 @@ Things bash has or uses that ksh88 does not:
 	builtins: bind, builtin, command, declare, dirs, echo -e/-E, enable,
 		  exec -l/-c/-a, fc -s, export -n/-f/-p, hash, help, history,
 		  jobs -x/-r/-s, kill -s/-n/-l, local, logout, popd, pushd,
-		  read -e/-p/-a/-t/-n/-d/-s, readonly -a/-n/-f/-p,
+		  read -e/-p/-a/-t/-n/-d/-s/-N, readonly -a/-n/-f/-p,
 		  set -o braceexpand/-o histexpand/-o interactive-comments/
 		  -o notify/-o physical/-o posix/-o hashall/-o onecmd/
 		  -h/-B/-C/-b/-H/-P, set +o, suspend, trap -l, type,
@@ -979,6 +1088,7 @@ Things bash has or uses that ksh88 does not:
 	case-modifying word expansions and variable attributes
 	associative arrays
 	coprocesses using the `coproc' reserved word and variables
+	shell assignment of a file descriptor used in a redirection to a variable
 
 Things ksh88 has or uses that bash does not:
 	tracked aliases (alias -t)
@@ -1006,9 +1116,9 @@ Implementation differences:
 
 C3)  Which new features in ksh-93 are not in bash, and which are?
 
-This list is current through ksh93t (11/04/2008)
+This list is current through ksh93t+ (05/05/2009)
 
-New things in ksh-93 not in bash-4.0:
+New things in ksh-93 not in bash-4.1:
 	floating point arithmetic and variables
 	math library functions
 	${!name[sub]} name of subscript for associative array
@@ -1031,10 +1141,11 @@ New things in ksh-93 not in bash-4.0:
 	`.' can execute shell functions
 	getopts -a
 	printf %B, %H, %P, %R, %T, %Z modifiers, output base for %d, `=' flag
-	read -N (read -n differs, too)/-v
+	read -n/-N differ/-v
 	set -o showme/-o multiline (bash default)
 	`sleep' and `getconf' builtins (bash has loadable versions)
 	typeset -n and `nameref' variables
+	[[ -R name ]] (checks whether or not name is a nameref)
 	typeset -C/-S/-T/-X/-h/-s
 	experimental `type' definitions (a la typedef) using typeset
 	negative subscripts for indexed array variables
@@ -1042,11 +1153,11 @@ New things in ksh-93 not in bash-4.0:
 	associative array assignments using `;' as element separator
 	command substitution $(n<#) expands to current byte offset for fd N
 	new '${ ' form of command substitution, executed in current shell
-	new >;/<#pat/<##pat/<#/># redirections
-	redirection operators preceded with {varname} to store fd number in varname
+	new >;/<>;/<#pat/<##pat/<#/># redirections
 	brace expansion printf-like formats 
+	[[ -v var ]] operators (checks whether or not var is set)
 
-New things in ksh-93 present in bash-4.0:
+New things in ksh-93 present in bash-4.1:
 	associative arrays
 	[n]<&word- and [n]>&word- redirections (combination dup and close)
         for (( expr1; expr2; expr3 )) ; do list; done - arithmetic for command
@@ -1080,6 +1191,8 @@ New things in ksh-93 present in bash-4.0:
 	the `;&' case statement "fallthrough" pattern list terminator
 	csh-style history expansion and set -H
 	negative offsets in ${param:offset:length}
+	redirection operators preceded with {varname} to store fd number in varname
+	DEBUG can force skipping following command
 
 Section D:  Why does bash do some things differently than other Unix shells?
 
@@ -1641,6 +1754,32 @@ several options to the `shopt' builtin.  If the `compat31' option is enabled,
 bash reverts to the bash-3.1 behavior with respect to quoting the rhs of
 the =~ operator.
 
+E15) Tell me more about the shell compatibility level.
+
+Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility level', specified
+as a set of options to the shopt builtin (compat31, compat32, compat40 at
+this writing).  There is only one current compatibility level -- each
+option is mutually exclusive.  This list does not mention behavior that is
+standard for a particular version (e.g., setting compat32 means that quoting
+the rhs of the regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in
+the word, which is default behavior in bash-3.2 and above).
+
+compat31 set
+	- the < and > operators to the [[ command do not consider the current
+	  locale when comparing strings
+	- quoting the rhs of the regexp matching operator (=~) has no
+	  special effect
+
+compat32 set
+	- the < and > operators to the [[ command do not consider the current
+	  locale when comparing strings
+
+compat40 set
+	- the < and > operators to the [[ command do not consider the current
+	  locale when comparing strings
+	- interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes the execution
+	  of the entire list to be aborted
+
 Section F:  Things to watch out for on certain Unix versions
 
 F1) Why can't I use command line editing in my `cmdtool'?
@@ -2049,9 +2188,9 @@ Some of the new ksh93 pattern matching operators, like backreferencing
 
 H5) When will the next release appear?
 
-The next version will appear sometime in 2009.  Never make predictions. 
+The next version will appear sometime in 2010.  Never make predictions. 
 
-This document is Copyright 1995-2009 by Chester Ramey.
+This document is Copyright 1995-2010 by Chester Ramey.
 
 Permission is hereby granted, without written agreement and
 without license or royalty fees, to use, copy, and distribute
diff --git a/doc/Makefile.in b/doc/Makefile.in
index 2bbfc3ce..3e0e68b4 100644
--- a/doc/Makefile.in
+++ b/doc/Makefile.in
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ GROFF	    = groff
 HSUSER      = $(RL_LIBDIR)/doc/hsuser.texi
 RLUSER      = $(RL_LIBDIR)/doc/rluser.texi
 
-BASHREF_FILES = $(srcdir)/bashref.texi $(srcdir)/version.texi
+BASHREF_FILES = $(srcdir)/bashref.texi $(srcdir)/fdl.texi $(srcdir)/version.texi
 
 .SUFFIXES:	.0 .1 .3 .ms .ps .txt .dvi .html .pdf
 
diff --git a/doc/bash.0 b/doc/bash.0
index 82ef0655..675cd2f7 100644
--- a/doc/bash.0
+++ b/doc/bash.0
@@ -196,22 +196,23 @@ IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN
        If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to
        the real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not supplied, no startup
        files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
-       the  SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS  variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored,
-       and the effective user id is set to the real user id.  If the --pp option
-       is  supplied  at  invocation, the startup behavior is the same, but the
-       effective user id is not reset.
+       the  SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS,  BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS,  CCDDPPAATTHH,  and  GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they
+       appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective  user  id  is
+       set  to  the real user id.  If the --pp option is supplied at invocation,
+       the startup behavior is the same, but the  effective  user  id  is  not
+       reset.
 
 DDEEFFIINNIITTIIOONNSS
-       The following definitions are used throughout the rest  of  this  docu-
+       The  following  definitions  are used throughout the rest of this docu-
        ment.
        bbllaannkk  A space or tab.
-       wwoorrdd   A  sequence  of  characters  considered  as a single unit by the
+       wwoorrdd   A sequence of characters considered as  a  single  unit  by  the
               shell.  Also known as a ttookkeenn.
-       nnaammee   A _w_o_r_d consisting only of  alphanumeric  characters  and  under-
-              scores,  and beginning with an alphabetic character or an under-
+       nnaammee   A  _w_o_r_d  consisting  only  of alphanumeric characters and under-
+              scores, and beginning with an alphabetic character or an  under-
               score.  Also referred to as an iiddeennttiiffiieerr.
        mmeettaacchhaarraacctteerr
-              A character that, when unquoted, separates words.   One  of  the
+              A  character  that,  when unquoted, separates words.  One of the
               following:
               ||  && ;; (( )) << >> ssppaaccee ttaabb
        ccoonnttrrooll ooppeerraattoorr
@@ -222,81 +223,81 @@ DDEEFFIINNIITTIIOONNSS
 RREESSEERRVVEEDD WWOORRDDSS
        _R_e_s_e_r_v_e_d _w_o_r_d_s are words that have a special meaning to the shell.  The
        following words are recognized as reserved when unquoted and either the
-       first word of a simple command (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR below) or  the  third
+       first  word  of a simple command (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR below) or the third
        word of a ccaassee or ffoorr command:
 
-       !!  ccaassee  ddoo ddoonnee eelliiff eellssee eessaacc ffii ffoorr ffuunnccttiioonn iiff iinn sseelleecctt tthheenn uunnttiill
+       !! ccaassee  ddoo ddoonnee eelliiff eellssee eessaacc ffii ffoorr ffuunnccttiioonn iiff iinn sseelleecctt tthheenn  uunnttiill
        wwhhiillee {{ }} ttiimmee [[[[ ]]]]
 
 SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR
    SSiimmppllee CCoommmmaannddss
-       A _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is a sequence of optional  variable  assignments  fol-
-       lowed  by  bbllaannkk-separated  words and redirections, and terminated by a
+       A  _s_i_m_p_l_e  _c_o_m_m_a_n_d  is a sequence of optional variable assignments fol-
+       lowed by bbllaannkk-separated words and redirections, and  terminated  by  a
        _c_o_n_t_r_o_l _o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r.  The first word specifies the command to be executed,
-       and  is  passed  as  argument  zero.  The remaining words are passed as
+       and is passed as argument zero.  The  remaining  words  are  passed  as
        arguments to the invoked command.
 
-       The return value of a _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is its exit status,  or  128+_n  if
+       The  return  value  of a _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is its exit status, or 128+_n if
        the command is terminated by signal _n.
 
    PPiippeelliinneess
-       A  _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e  is  a sequence of one or more commands separated by one of
+       A _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e is a sequence of one or more commands separated  by  one  of
        the control operators || or ||&&.  The format for a pipeline is:
 
               [ttiimmee [--pp]] [ ! ] _c_o_m_m_a_n_d [ [|||||&&] _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 ... ]
 
-       The standard output of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is connected via a pipe to the  standard
-       input  of  _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2.   This connection is performed before any redirec-
+       The  standard output of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is connected via a pipe to the standard
+       input of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2.  This connection is performed  before  any  redirec-
        tions specified by the command (see RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN below).  If ||&& is used,
        the standard error of _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is connected to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2's standard input
-       through the pipe; it is shorthand for 22>>&&11 ||.  This implicit  redirect-
+       through  the pipe; it is shorthand for 22>>&&11 ||.  This implicit redirect-
        ion of the standard error is performed after any redirections specified
        by the command.
 
        The return status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last command,
-       unless  the  ppiippeeffaaiill  option  is enabled.  If ppiippeeffaaiill is enabled, the
-       pipeline's return status is the value of the last  (rightmost)  command
-       to  exit  with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands exit success-
+       unless the ppiippeeffaaiill option is enabled.  If  ppiippeeffaaiill  is  enabled,  the
+       pipeline's  return  status is the value of the last (rightmost) command
+       to exit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands  exit  success-
        fully.  If the reserved word !!  precedes a pipeline, the exit status of
-       that  pipeline  is the logical negation of the exit status as described
-       above.  The shell waits for all commands in the pipeline  to  terminate
+       that pipeline is the logical negation of the exit status  as  described
+       above.   The  shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to terminate
        before returning a value.
 
-       If  the  ttiimmee reserved word precedes a pipeline, the elapsed as well as
-       user and system time consumed by its execution are  reported  when  the
-       pipeline  terminates.   The --pp option changes the output format to that
-       specified by POSIX.  The TTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT variable may be  set  to  a  format
-       string  that  specifies how the timing information should be displayed;
+       If the ttiimmee reserved word precedes a pipeline, the elapsed as  well  as
+       user  and  system  time consumed by its execution are reported when the
+       pipeline terminates.  The --pp option changes the output format  to  that
+       specified  by  POSIX.   The  TTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT variable may be set to a format
+       string that specifies how the timing information should  be  displayed;
        see the description of TTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT under SShheellll VVaarriiaabblleess below.
 
-       Each command in a pipeline is executed as a separate process (i.e.,  in
+       Each  command in a pipeline is executed as a separate process (i.e., in
        a subshell).
 
    LLiissttss
-       A  _l_i_s_t  is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one of the
+       A _l_i_s_t is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one  of  the
        operators ;;, &&, &&&&, or ||||, and optionally terminated by one of ;;, &&, or
        <<nneewwlliinnee>>.
 
        Of these list operators, &&&& and |||| have equal precedence, followed by ;;
        and &&, which have equal precedence.
 
-       A sequence of one or more newlines may appear in a _l_i_s_t  instead  of  a
+       A  sequence  of  one or more newlines may appear in a _l_i_s_t instead of a
        semicolon to delimit commands.
 
-       If  a  command  is terminated by the control operator &&, the shell exe-
-       cutes the command in the _b_a_c_k_g_r_o_u_n_d in a subshell.  The shell does  not
-       wait  for  the command to finish, and the return status is 0.  Commands
-       separated by a ;; are executed sequentially; the shell  waits  for  each
-       command  to terminate in turn.  The return status is the exit status of
+       If a command is terminated by the control operator &&,  the  shell  exe-
+       cutes  the command in the _b_a_c_k_g_r_o_u_n_d in a subshell.  The shell does not
+       wait for the command to finish, and the return status is  0.   Commands
+       separated  by  a  ;; are executed sequentially; the shell waits for each
+       command to terminate in turn.  The return status is the exit status  of
        the last command executed.
 
-       AND and OR lists are sequences of one of more  pipelines  separated  by
-       the  &&&&  and  |||| control operators, respectively.  AND and OR lists are
+       AND  and  OR  lists are sequences of one of more pipelines separated by
+       the &&&& and |||| control operators, respectively.  AND and  OR  lists  are
        executed with left associativity.  An AND list has the form
 
               _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 &&&& _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2
 
-       _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 is executed if, and only if, _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 returns an  exit  status
+       _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2  is  executed if, and only if, _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 returns an exit status
        of zero.
 
        An OR list has the form
@@ -304,46 +305,49 @@ SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR
               _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 |||| _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2
 
 
-       _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2  is  executed  if and only if _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 returns a non-zero exit
-       status.  The return status of AND and OR lists is the  exit  status  of
+       _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_2 is executed if and only if _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_1 returns  a  non-zero  exit
+       status.   The  return  status of AND and OR lists is the exit status of
        the last command executed in the list.
 
    CCoommppoouunndd CCoommmmaannddss
        A _c_o_m_p_o_u_n_d _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is one of the following:
 
-       (_l_i_s_t) _l_i_s_t  is  executed in a subshell environment (see CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUU--
-              TTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT below).  Variable assignments and builtin  com-
-              mands  that  affect  the  shell's  environment  do not remain in
-              effect after the command completes.  The return  status  is  the
+       (_l_i_s_t) _l_i_s_t is executed in a subshell environment (see  CCOOMMMMAANNDD  EEXXEECCUU--
+              TTIIOONN  EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT below).  Variable assignments and builtin com-
+              mands that affect the  shell's  environment  do  not  remain  in
+              effect  after  the  command completes.  The return status is the
               exit status of _l_i_s_t.
 
        { _l_i_s_t; }
-              _l_i_s_t  is simply executed in the current shell environment.  _l_i_s_t
-              must be terminated with a newline or semicolon.  This  is  known
-              as  a  _g_r_o_u_p  _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.   The return status is the exit status of
-              _l_i_s_t.  Note that unlike the metacharacters (( and )), {{ and }}  are
+              _l_i_s_t is simply executed in the current shell environment.   _l_i_s_t
+              must  be  terminated with a newline or semicolon.  This is known
+              as a _g_r_o_u_p _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.  The return status is  the  exit  status  of
+              _l_i_s_t.   Note that unlike the metacharacters (( and )), {{ and }} are
               _r_e_s_e_r_v_e_d _w_o_r_d_s and must occur where a reserved word is permitted
-              to be recognized.  Since they do not cause a  word  break,  they
-              must  be  separated  from  _l_i_s_t  by  whitespace or another shell
+              to  be  recognized.   Since they do not cause a word break, they
+              must be separated from  _l_i_s_t  by  whitespace  or  another  shell
               metacharacter.
 
        ((_e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n))
-              The _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n is evaluated according  to  the  rules  described
-              below  under AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN.  If the value of the expres-
-              sion is non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise  the  return
+              The  _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n  is  evaluated  according to the rules described
+              below under AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN.  If the value of the  expres-
+              sion  is  non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the return
               status is 1.  This is exactly equivalent to lleett ""_e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n"".
 
        [[[[ _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n ]]]]
-              Return  a  status  of  0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
-              conditional expression _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n.  Expressions are composed  of
-              the  primaries  described  below  under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS.
-              Word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed  on  the
-              words  between  the  [[[[  and  ]]]]; tilde expansion, parameter and
-              variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command  substitution,
-              process  substitution,  and quote removal are performed.  Condi-
+              Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on  the  evaluation  of  the
+              conditional  expression _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n.  Expressions are composed of
+              the primaries described  below  under  CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL  EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS.
+              Word  splitting  and pathname expansion are not performed on the
+              words between the [[[[ and  ]]]];  tilde  expansion,  parameter  and
+              variable  expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution,
+              process substitution, and quote removal are  performed.   Condi-
               tional operators such as --ff must be unquoted to be recognized as
               primaries.
 
+              When used with [[[[, The << and >> operators sort  lexicographically
+              using the current locale.
+
               When  the  ==== and !!== operators are used, the string to the right
               of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according to
               the  rules described below under PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg.  If the shell
@@ -387,7 +391,7 @@ SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR
               of _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n_1 is sufficient to determine the  return  value  of
               the entire conditional expression.
 
-       ffoorr _n_a_m_e [ iinn _w_o_r_d ] ; ddoo _l_i_s_t ; ddoonnee
+       ffoorr _n_a_m_e [ [ iinn [ _w_o_r_d _._._. ] ] ; ] ddoo _l_i_s_t ; ddoonnee
               The list of words following iinn is expanded, generating a list of
               items.  The variable _n_a_m_e is set to each element of this list in
               turn,  and  _l_i_s_t is executed each time.  If the iinn _w_o_r_d is omit-
@@ -568,7 +572,8 @@ QQUUOOTTIINNGG
        as follows:
               \\aa     alert (bell)
               \\bb     backspace
-              \\ee     an escape character
+              \\ee
+              \\EE     an escape character
               \\ff     form feed
               \\nn     new line
               \\rr     carriage return
@@ -576,6 +581,7 @@ QQUUOOTTIINNGG
               \\vv     vertical tab
               \\\\     backslash
               \\''     single quote
+              \\""     double quote
               \\_n_n_n   the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the octal value
                      _n_n_n (one to three digits)
               \\xx_H_H   the eight-bit character whose value  is  the  hexadecimal
@@ -585,10 +591,10 @@ QQUUOOTTIINNGG
        The  expanded  result  is  single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not
        been present.
 
-       A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign  ($$)  will  cause  the
-       string  to  be translated according to the current locale.  If the cur-
-       rent locale is CC or PPOOSSIIXX, the dollar sign is ignored.  If  the  string
-       is translated and replaced, the replacement is double-quoted.
+       A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign ($$"_s_t_r_i_n_g") will cause
+       the  string  to  be translated according to the current locale.  If the
+       current locale is CC or PPOOSSIIXX, the  dollar  sign  is  ignored.   If  the
+       string is translated and replaced, the replacement is double-quoted.
 
 PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
        A  _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is an entity that stores values.  It can be a _n_a_m_e, a num-
@@ -692,6 +698,14 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
 
        BBAASSHH   Expands  to  the  full file name used to invoke this instance of
               bbaasshh.
+       BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS
+              A colon-separated list of enabled shell options.  Each  word  in
+              the  list  is  a  valid  argument for the --ss option to the sshhoopptt
+              builtin command (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).  The options
+              appearing  in  BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS  are  those reported as _o_n by sshhoopptt.  If
+              this variable is in the environment when bbaasshh  starts  up,  each
+              shell  option  in  the  list  will be enabled before reading any
+              startup files.  This variable is read-only.
        BBAASSHHPPIIDD
               Expands to the process id of the  current  bbaasshh  process.   This
               differs  from  $$$$ under certain circumstances, such as subshells
@@ -738,8 +752,8 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
               $${{BBAASSHH__LLIINNEENNOO[[_$_i]]}}  is  the line number in the source file where
               $${{FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE[[_$_i]]}} was called (or  $${{BBAASSHH__LLIINNEENNOO[[_$_i_-_1]]}}  if  refer-
               enced  within another shell function).  The corresponding source
-              file name is $${{BBAASSHH__SSOOUURRCCEE[[_$_i]]}}..  UUssee LLIINNEENNOO ttoo oobbttaaiinn tthhee  ccuurr--
-              rreenntt lliinnee nnuummbbeerr..
+              file name is $${{BBAASSHH__SSOOUURRCCEE[[_$_i]]}}.  Use LLIINNEENNOO to obtain the  cur-
+              rent line number.
        BBAASSHH__RREEMMAATTCCHH
               An  array  variable  whose members are assigned by the ==~~ binary
               operator to the [[[[ conditional command.  The element with  index
@@ -805,18 +819,18 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
               below).
 
        CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS
-              The set of characters that the Readline library treats  as  word
+              The set of characters that the rreeaaddlliinnee library treats  as  word
               separators  when performing word completion.  If CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS
               is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is  subse-
               quently reset.
 
        CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDSS
               An  array variable (see AArrrraayyss below) consisting of the individ-
-              ual words in the current command line.  The words are  split  on
-              shell  metacharacters  as  the shell parser would separate them.
-              This variable is available only in shell  functions  invoked  by
-              the programmable completion facilities (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommppllee--
-              ttiioonn below).
+              ual words in the current command line.  The line is  split  into
+              words  as  rreeaaddlliinnee  would  split  it,  using CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS as
+              described above.  This variable is available only in shell func-
+              tions  invoked  by  the  programmable completion facilities (see
+              PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn below).
 
        DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK
               An array variable (see AArrrraayyss below) containing the current con-
@@ -938,195 +952,204 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
               list  of  directories  in  which the shell looks for destination
               directories specified by the ccdd  command.   A  sample  value  is
               ".:~:/usr".
+       BBAASSHH__XXTTRRAACCEEFFDD
+              If  set  to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor,
+              bbaasshh will write the  trace  output  generated  when  _s_e_t  _-_x  is
+              enabled  to that file descriptor.  The file descriptor is closed
+              when BBAASSHH__XXTTRRAACCEEFFDD is unset or assigned a new value.   Unsetting
+              BBAASSHH__XXTTRRAACCEEFFDD  or assigning it the empty string causes the trace
+              output to be sent to the  standard  error.   Note  that  setting
+              BBAASSHH__XXTTRRAACCEEFFDD to 2 (the standard error file descriptor) and then
+              unsetting it will result in the standard error being closed.
        CCOOLLUUMMNNSS
-              Used  by  the  sseelleecctt  builtin command to determine the terminal
-              width when printing selection  lists.   Automatically  set  upon
+              Used by the sseelleecctt builtin command  to  determine  the  terminal
+              width  when  printing  selection  lists.  Automatically set upon
               receipt of a SIGWINCH.
        CCOOMMPPRREEPPLLYY
               An array variable from which bbaasshh reads the possible completions
-              generated by a shell function invoked by the  programmable  com-
+              generated  by  a shell function invoked by the programmable com-
               pletion facility (see PPrrooggrraammmmaabbllee CCoommpplleettiioonn below).
-       EEMMAACCSS  If  bbaasshh  finds  this variable in the environment when the shell
-              starts with value "t", it assumes that the shell is  running  in
+       EEMMAACCSS  If bbaasshh finds this variable in the environment  when  the  shell
+              starts  with  value "t", it assumes that the shell is running in
               an emacs shell buffer and disables line editing.
        FFCCEEDDIITT The default editor for the ffcc builtin command.
        FFIIGGNNOORREE
-              A  colon-separated  list  of  suffixes to ignore when performing
+              A colon-separated list of suffixes  to  ignore  when  performing
               filename completion (see RREEAADDLLIINNEE below).  A filename whose suf-
-              fix  matches  one of the entries in FFIIGGNNOORREE is excluded from the
+              fix matches one of the entries in FFIIGGNNOORREE is excluded  from  the
               list of matched filenames.  A sample value is ".o:~".
        GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE
               A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames
               to be ignored by pathname expansion.  If a filename matched by a
-              pathname expansion pattern also matches one of the  patterns  in
+              pathname  expansion  pattern also matches one of the patterns in
               GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE, it is removed from the list of matches.
        HHIISSTTCCOONNTTRROOLL
-              A  colon-separated  list  of values controlling how commands are
-              saved on the history list.   If  the  list  of  values  includes
-              _i_g_n_o_r_e_s_p_a_c_e,  lines  which  begin with a ssppaaccee character are not
-              saved in the history list.  A value of _i_g_n_o_r_e_d_u_p_s  causes  lines
+              A colon-separated list of values controlling  how  commands  are
+              saved  on  the  history  list.   If  the list of values includes
+              _i_g_n_o_r_e_s_p_a_c_e, lines which begin with a ssppaaccee  character  are  not
+              saved  in  the history list.  A value of _i_g_n_o_r_e_d_u_p_s causes lines
               matching the previous history entry to not be saved.  A value of
               _i_g_n_o_r_e_b_o_t_h is shorthand for _i_g_n_o_r_e_s_p_a_c_e and _i_g_n_o_r_e_d_u_p_s.  A value
               of _e_r_a_s_e_d_u_p_s causes all previous lines matching the current line
-              to be removed from the history list before that line  is  saved.
-              Any  value  not in the above list is ignored.  If HHIISSTTCCOONNTTRROOLL is
-              unset, or does not include a valid value, all lines read by  the
+              to  be  removed from the history list before that line is saved.
+              Any value not in the above list is ignored.  If  HHIISSTTCCOONNTTRROOLL  is
+              unset,  or does not include a valid value, all lines read by the
               shell parser are saved on the history list, subject to the value
-              of HHIISSTTIIGGNNOORREE.  The second and subsequent lines of a  multi-line
-              compound  command  are  not tested, and are added to the history
+              of  HHIISSTTIIGGNNOORREE.  The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line
+              compound command are not tested, and are added  to  the  history
               regardless of the value of HHIISSTTCCOONNTTRROOLL.
        HHIISSTTFFIILLEE
               The name of the file in which command history is saved (see HHIISS--
-              TTOORRYY  below).   The default value is _~_/_._b_a_s_h___h_i_s_t_o_r_y.  If unset,
-              the command history is  not  saved  when  an  interactive  shell
+              TTOORRYY below).  The default value is _~_/_._b_a_s_h___h_i_s_t_o_r_y.   If  unset,
+              the  command  history  is  not  saved  when an interactive shell
               exits.
        HHIISSTTFFIILLEESSIIZZEE
               The maximum number of lines contained in the history file.  When
-              this variable is assigned a value, the  history  file  is  trun-
-              cated,  if necessary, by removing the oldest entries, to contain
-              no more than that number of lines.  The default  value  is  500.
+              this  variable  is  assigned  a value, the history file is trun-
+              cated, if necessary, by removing the oldest entries, to  contain
+              no  more  than  that number of lines.  The default value is 500.
               The history file is also truncated to this size after writing it
               when an interactive shell exits.
        HHIISSTTIIGGNNOORREE
-              A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which  command
-              lines  should  be  saved  on  the history list.  Each pattern is
-              anchored at the beginning of the line and must  match  the  com-
-              plete  line  (no  implicit  `**'  is  appended).  Each pattern is
-              tested against the line after the checks specified  by  HHIISSTTCCOONN--
-              TTRROOLL  are  applied.   In  addition  to  the normal shell pattern
+              A  colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command
+              lines should be saved on the  history  list.   Each  pattern  is
+              anchored  at  the  beginning of the line and must match the com-
+              plete line (no implicit  `**'  is  appended).   Each  pattern  is
+              tested  against  the line after the checks specified by HHIISSTTCCOONN--
+              TTRROOLL are applied.  In  addition  to  the  normal  shell  pattern
               matching characters, `&&' matches the previous history line.  `&&'
-              may  be  escaped  using  a  backslash;  the backslash is removed
+              may be escaped using  a  backslash;  the  backslash  is  removed
               before attempting a match.  The second and subsequent lines of a
               multi-line compound command are not tested, and are added to the
               history regardless of the value of HHIISSTTIIGGNNOORREE.
        HHIISSTTSSIIZZEE
-              The number of commands to remember in the command  history  (see
+              The  number  of commands to remember in the command history (see
               HHIISSTTOORRYY below).  The default value is 500.
        HHIISSTTTTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT
-              If  this  variable  is  set and not null, its value is used as a
+              If this variable is set and not null, its value  is  used  as  a
               format string for _s_t_r_f_t_i_m_e(3) to print the time stamp associated
-              with  each  history  entry displayed by the hhiissttoorryy builtin.  If
-              this variable is set, time stamps are  written  to  the  history
-              file  so they may be preserved across shell sessions.  This uses
-              the history comment character  to  distinguish  timestamps  from
+              with each history entry displayed by the  hhiissttoorryy  builtin.   If
+              this  variable  is  set,  time stamps are written to the history
+              file so they may be preserved across shell sessions.  This  uses
+              the  history  comment  character  to distinguish timestamps from
               other history lines.
        HHOOMMEE   The home directory of the current user; the default argument for
               the ccdd builtin command.  The value of this variable is also used
               when performing tilde expansion.
        HHOOSSTTFFIILLEE
-              Contains  the  name  of  a file in the same format as _/_e_t_c_/_h_o_s_t_s
+              Contains the name of a file in the  same  format  as  _/_e_t_c_/_h_o_s_t_s
               that should be read when the shell needs to complete a hostname.
-              The  list  of possible hostname completions may be changed while
-              the shell is running;  the  next  time  hostname  completion  is
-              attempted  after the value is changed, bbaasshh adds the contents of
-              the new file to the existing list.  If HHOOSSTTFFIILLEE is set, but  has
-              no value, bbaasshh attempts to read _/_e_t_c_/_h_o_s_t_s to obtain the list of
-              possible hostname completions.   When  HHOOSSTTFFIILLEE  is  unset,  the
-              hostname list is cleared.
-       IIFFSS    The  _I_n_t_e_r_n_a_l  _F_i_e_l_d  _S_e_p_a_r_a_t_o_r  that is used for word splitting
-              after expansion and to split lines  into  words  with  the  rreeaadd
+              The list of possible hostname completions may be  changed  while
+              the  shell  is  running;  the  next  time hostname completion is
+              attempted after the value is changed, bbaasshh adds the contents  of
+              the  new file to the existing list.  If HHOOSSTTFFIILLEE is set, but has
+              no value, or does not name a readable  file,  bbaasshh  attempts  to
+              read  _/_e_t_c_/_h_o_s_t_s to obtain the list of possible hostname comple-
+              tions.  When HHOOSSTTFFIILLEE is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
+       IIFFSS    The _I_n_t_e_r_n_a_l _F_i_e_l_d _S_e_p_a_r_a_t_o_r that is  used  for  word  splitting
+              after  expansion  and  to  split  lines into words with the rreeaadd
               builtin  command.   The  default  value  is  ``<space><tab><new-
               line>''.
        IIGGNNOORREEEEOOFF
               Controls the action of an interactive shell on receipt of an EEOOFF
               character as the sole input.  If set, the value is the number of
-              consecutive EEOOFF characters which must  be  typed  as  the  first
-              characters  on an input line before bbaasshh exits.  If the variable
-              exists but does not have a numeric value, or has no  value,  the
-              default  value  is  10.  If it does not exist, EEOOFF signifies the
+              consecutive  EEOOFF  characters  which  must  be typed as the first
+              characters on an input line before bbaasshh exits.  If the  variable
+              exists  but  does not have a numeric value, or has no value, the
+              default value is 10.  If it does not exist,  EEOOFF  signifies  the
               end of input to the shell.
        IINNPPUUTTRRCC
-              The filename for  the  rreeaaddlliinnee  startup  file,  overriding  the
+              The  filename  for  the  rreeaaddlliinnee  startup  file, overriding the
               default of _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c (see RREEAADDLLIINNEE below).
-       LLAANNGG   Used  to  determine  the  locale  category  for any category not
+       LLAANNGG   Used to determine the  locale  category  for  any  category  not
               specifically selected with a variable starting with LLCC__.
-       LLCC__AALLLL This variable overrides the value of  LLAANNGG  and  any  other  LLCC__
+       LLCC__AALLLL This  variable  overrides  the  value  of LLAANNGG and any other LLCC__
               variable specifying a locale category.
        LLCC__CCOOLLLLAATTEE
-              This  variable  determines the collation order used when sorting
-              the results of pathname expansion, and determines  the  behavior
-              of   range   expressions,  equivalence  classes,  and  collating
+              This variable determines the collation order used  when  sorting
+              the  results  of pathname expansion, and determines the behavior
+              of  range  expressions,  equivalence  classes,   and   collating
               sequences within pathname expansion and pattern matching.
        LLCC__CCTTYYPPEE
-              This variable determines the interpretation  of  characters  and
-              the  behavior of character classes within pathname expansion and
+              This  variable  determines  the interpretation of characters and
+              the behavior of character classes within pathname expansion  and
               pattern matching.
        LLCC__MMEESSSSAAGGEESS
-              This variable determines the locale used  to  translate  double-
+              This  variable  determines  the locale used to translate double-
               quoted strings preceded by a $$.
        LLCC__NNUUMMEERRIICC
-              This  variable  determines  the  locale category used for number
+              This variable determines the locale  category  used  for  number
               formatting.
-       LLIINNEESS  Used by the sseelleecctt  builtin  command  to  determine  the  column
-              length  for  printing  selection  lists.  Automatically set upon
-              receipt of a SIGWINCH.
-       MMAAIILL   If this parameter is set to a file name and the  MMAAIILLPPAATTHH  vari-
+       LLIINNEESS  Used  by  the  sseelleecctt  builtin  command  to determine the column
+              length for printing selection  lists.   Automatically  set  upon
+              receipt of a SSIIGGWWIINNCCHH.
+       MMAAIILL   If  this  parameter is set to a file name and the MMAAIILLPPAATTHH vari-
               able is not set, bbaasshh informs the user of the arrival of mail in
               the specified file.
        MMAAIILLCCHHEECCKK
-              Specifies how often (in seconds)  bbaasshh  checks  for  mail.   The
-              default  is  60 seconds.  When it is time to check for mail, the
-              shell does so before displaying the  primary  prompt.   If  this
-              variable  is  unset,  or  set  to  a  value that is not a number
+              Specifies  how  often  (in  seconds)  bbaasshh checks for mail.  The
+              default is 60 seconds.  When it is time to check for  mail,  the
+              shell  does  so  before  displaying the primary prompt.  If this
+              variable is unset, or set to  a  value  that  is  not  a  number
               greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.
        MMAAIILLPPAATTHH
-              A  colon-separated  list  of  file names to be checked for mail.
+              A colon-separated list of file names to  be  checked  for  mail.
               The message to be printed when mail arrives in a particular file
-              may  be  specified  by separating the file name from the message
+              may be specified by separating the file name  from  the  message
               with a `?'.  When used in the text of the message, $$__ expands to
               the name of the current mailfile.  Example:
               MMAAIILLPPAATTHH='/var/mail/bfox?"You  have  mail":~/shell-mail?"$_  has
               mail!"'
-              BBaasshh supplies a default value for this variable, but  the  loca-
-              tion  of  the  user  mail files that it uses is system dependent
+              BBaasshh  supplies  a default value for this variable, but the loca-
+              tion of the user mail files that it  uses  is  system  dependent
               (e.g., /var/mail/$$UUSSEERR).
        OOPPTTEERRRR If set to the value 1, bbaasshh displays error messages generated by
-              the  ggeettooppttss builtin command (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).
-              OOPPTTEERRRR is initialized to 1 each time the shell is invoked  or  a
+              the ggeettooppttss builtin command (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS  below).
+              OOPPTTEERRRR  is  initialized to 1 each time the shell is invoked or a
               shell script is executed.
-       PPAATTHH   The  search  path for commands.  It is a colon-separated list of
-              directories in which the shell looks for commands  (see  CCOOMMMMAANNDD
-              EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN  below).   A  zero-length (null) directory name in the
+       PPAATTHH   The search path for commands.  It is a colon-separated  list  of
+              directories  in  which the shell looks for commands (see CCOOMMMMAANNDD
+              EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN below).  A zero-length (null) directory  name  in  the
               value of PPAATTHH indicates the current directory.  A null directory
-              name  may  appear  as  two  adjacent colons, or as an initial or
-              trailing colon.  The default path is  system-dependent,  and  is
-              set  by  the administrator who installs bbaasshh.  A common value is
+              name may appear as two adjacent colons,  or  as  an  initial  or
+              trailing  colon.   The  default path is system-dependent, and is
+              set by the administrator who installs bbaasshh.  A common  value  is
               ``/usr/gnu/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin''.
        PPOOSSIIXXLLYY__CCOORRRREECCTT
-              If this variable is in the environment  when  bbaasshh  starts,  the
-              shell  enters _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e before reading the startup files, as if
-              the ----ppoossiixx invocation option had been supplied.  If it  is  set
-              while  the  shell is running, bbaasshh enables _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, as if the
+              If  this  variable  is  in the environment when bbaasshh starts, the
+              shell enters _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e before reading the startup files, as  if
+              the  ----ppoossiixx  invocation option had been supplied.  If it is set
+              while the shell is running, bbaasshh enables _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, as  if  the
               command _s_e_t _-_o _p_o_s_i_x had been executed.
        PPRROOMMPPTT__CCOOMMMMAANNDD
               If set, the value is executed as a command prior to issuing each
               primary prompt.
        PPRROOMMPPTT__DDIIRRTTRRIIMM
-              If  set  to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the
+              If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used  as  the
               number of trailing directory components to retain when expanding
-              the  \\ww  aanndd  \\WW  pprroommpptt  ssttrriinngg  eessccaappeess ((sseeee PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG below).
+              the \\ww and \\WW  prompt  string  escapes  (see  PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG  below).
               Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.
-       PPSS11    The value of this parameter is expanded  (see  PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG  below)
-              and  used  as  the  primary prompt string.  The default value is
+       PPSS11    The  value  of  this parameter is expanded (see PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG below)
+              and used as the primary prompt string.   The  default  value  is
               ``\\ss--\\vv\\$$ ''.
-       PPSS22    The value of this parameter is expanded as with PPSS11 and used  as
+       PPSS22    The  value of this parameter is expanded as with PPSS11 and used as
               the secondary prompt string.  The default is ``>> ''.
        PPSS33    The value of this parameter is used as the prompt for the sseelleecctt
               command (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR above).
-       PPSS44    The value of this parameter is expanded  as  with  PPSS11  and  the
-              value  is  printed  before  each command bbaasshh displays during an
-              execution trace.  The first character of PPSS44 is replicated  mul-
-              tiple  times, as necessary, to indicate multiple levels of indi-
+       PPSS44    The  value  of  this  parameter  is expanded as with PPSS11 and the
+              value is printed before each command  bbaasshh  displays  during  an
+              execution  trace.  The first character of PPSS44 is replicated mul-
+              tiple times, as necessary, to indicate multiple levels of  indi-
               rection.  The default is ``++ ''.
        SSHHEELLLL  The full pathname to the shell is kept in this environment vari-
-              able.   If  it is not set when the shell starts, bbaasshh assigns to
+              able.  If it is not set when the shell starts, bbaasshh  assigns  to
               it the full pathname of the current user's login shell.
        TTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT
-              The value of this parameter is used as a format string  specify-
-              ing  how  the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the
-              ttiimmee reserved word should be displayed.  The %% character  intro-
-              duces  an  escape  sequence  that is expanded to a time value or
-              other information.  The escape sequences and their meanings  are
+              The  value of this parameter is used as a format string specify-
+              ing how the timing information for pipelines prefixed  with  the
+              ttiimmee  reserved word should be displayed.  The %% character intro-
+              duces an escape sequence that is expanded to  a  time  value  or
+              other  information.  The escape sequences and their meanings are
               as follows; the braces denote optional portions.
               %%%%        A literal %%.
               %%[[_p]][[ll]]RR  The elapsed time in seconds.
@@ -1134,121 +1157,124 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
               %%[[_p]][[ll]]SS  The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.
               %%PP        The CPU percentage, computed as (%U + %S) / %R.
 
-              The  optional  _p is a digit specifying the _p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n, the number
+              The optional _p is a digit specifying the _p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n,  the  number
               of fractional digits after a decimal point.  A value of 0 causes
               no decimal point or fraction to be output.  At most three places
-              after the decimal point may be specified; values  of  _p  greater
-              than  3 are changed to 3.  If _p is not specified, the value 3 is
+              after  the  decimal  point may be specified; values of _p greater
+              than 3 are changed to 3.  If _p is not specified, the value 3  is
               used.
 
-              The optional ll specifies a longer format, including minutes,  of
-              the  form  _M_Mm_S_S._F_Fs.   The value of _p determines whether or not
+              The  optional ll specifies a longer format, including minutes, of
+              the form _M_Mm_S_S._F_Fs.  The value of _p determines  whether  or  not
               the fraction is included.
 
-              If this variable is not set, bbaasshh acts as if it  had  the  value
-              $$''\\nnrreeaall\\tt%%33llRR\\nnuusseerr\\tt%%33llUU\\nnssyyss%%33llSS''.   If the value is null, no
-              timing information is displayed.  A trailing  newline  is  added
+              If  this  variable  is not set, bbaasshh acts as if it had the value
+              $$''\\nnrreeaall\\tt%%33llRR\\nnuusseerr\\tt%%33llUU\\nnssyyss%%33llSS''.  If the value is null,  no
+              timing  information  is  displayed.  A trailing newline is added
               when the format string is displayed.
 
-       TTMMOOUUTT  If  set  to  a  value greater than zero, TTMMOOUUTT is treated as the
+       TTMMOOUUTT  If set to a value greater than zero, TTMMOOUUTT  is  treated  as  the
               default timeout for the rreeaadd builtin.  The sseelleecctt command termi-
               nates if input does not arrive after TTMMOOUUTT seconds when input is
-              coming from a terminal.  In an interactive shell, the  value  is
-              interpreted  as  the  number  of seconds to wait for input after
-              issuing the primary prompt.  BBaasshh terminates after  waiting  for
+              coming  from  a terminal.  In an interactive shell, the value is
+              interpreted as the number of seconds to  wait  for  input  after
+              issuing  the  primary prompt.  BBaasshh terminates after waiting for
               that number of seconds if input does not arrive.
 
-       TTMMPPDDIIRR If  set, BBaasshh uses its value as the name of a directory in which
+       TTMMPPDDIIRR If set, BBaasshh uses its value as the name of a directory in  which
               BBaasshh creates temporary files for the shell's use.
 
        aauuttoo__rreessuummee
               This variable controls how the shell interacts with the user and
-              job  control.   If this variable is set, single word simple com-
+              job control.  If this variable is set, single word  simple  com-
               mands without redirections are treated as candidates for resump-
               tion of an existing stopped job.  There is no ambiguity allowed;
-              if there is more than one job beginning with the  string  typed,
-              the  job  most  recently  accessed  is  selected.  The _n_a_m_e of a
-              stopped job, in this context, is the command line used to  start
-              it.   If  set to the value _e_x_a_c_t, the string supplied must match
-              the name of a stopped job exactly;  if  set  to  _s_u_b_s_t_r_i_n_g,  the
-              string  supplied  needs  to  match  a substring of the name of a
-              stopped job.  The _s_u_b_s_t_r_i_n_g value provides functionality  analo-
-              gous  to the %%??  job identifier (see JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL below).  If set
-              to any other value, the supplied string must be a  prefix  of  a
+              if  there  is more than one job beginning with the string typed,
+              the job most recently accessed  is  selected.   The  _n_a_m_e  of  a
+              stopped  job, in this context, is the command line used to start
+              it.  If set to the value _e_x_a_c_t, the string supplied  must  match
+              the  name  of  a  stopped  job exactly; if set to _s_u_b_s_t_r_i_n_g, the
+              string supplied needs to match a substring  of  the  name  of  a
+              stopped  job.  The _s_u_b_s_t_r_i_n_g value provides functionality analo-
+              gous to the %%??  job identifier (see JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL below).  If  set
+              to  any  other  value, the supplied string must be a prefix of a
               stopped job's name; this provides functionality analogous to the
               %%_s_t_r_i_n_g job identifier.
 
        hhiissttcchhaarrss
-              The two or three characters which control history expansion  and
+              The  two or three characters which control history expansion and
               tokenization (see HHIISSTTOORRYY EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN below).  The first character
-              is the _h_i_s_t_o_r_y _e_x_p_a_n_s_i_o_n character, the character which  signals
-              the  start  of  a  history  expansion, normally `!!'.  The second
-              character is the _q_u_i_c_k _s_u_b_s_t_i_t_u_t_i_o_n character, which is used  as
-              shorthand  for  re-running the previous command entered, substi-
-              tuting one string for another in the command.   The  default  is
-              `^^'.   The optional third character is the character which indi-
-              cates that the remainder of the line is a comment when found  as
-              the  first  character of a word, normally `##'.  The history com-
+              is  the _h_i_s_t_o_r_y _e_x_p_a_n_s_i_o_n character, the character which signals
+              the start of a history  expansion,  normally  `!!'.   The  second
+              character  is the _q_u_i_c_k _s_u_b_s_t_i_t_u_t_i_o_n character, which is used as
+              shorthand for re-running the previous command  entered,  substi-
+              tuting  one  string  for another in the command.  The default is
+              `^^'.  The optional third character is the character which  indi-
+              cates  that the remainder of the line is a comment when found as
+              the first character of a word, normally `##'.  The  history  com-
               ment character causes history substitution to be skipped for the
-              remaining  words on the line.  It does not necessarily cause the
+              remaining words on the line.  It does not necessarily cause  the
               shell parser to treat the rest of the line as a comment.
 
    AArrrraayyss
-       BBaasshh provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array  variables.
-       Any  variable may be used as an indexed array; the ddeeccllaarree builtin will
-       explicitly declare an array.  There is no maximum limit on the size  of
-       an  array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or assigned con-
-       tiguously.  Indexed arrays are  referenced  using  integers  (including
-       arithmetic  expressions)   and  are  zero-based; associative arrays are
+       BBaasshh  provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables.
+       Any variable may be used as an indexed array; the ddeeccllaarree builtin  will
+       explicitly  declare an array.  There is no maximum limit on the size of
+       an array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or assigned  con-
+       tiguously.   Indexed  arrays  are  referenced using integers (including
+       arithmetic expressions)  and are  zero-based;  associative  arrays  are
        referenced using arbitrary strings.
 
-       An indexed array is created automatically if any variable  is  assigned
+       An  indexed  array is created automatically if any variable is assigned
        to using the syntax _n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]=_v_a_l_u_e.  The _s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t is treated as
        an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number greater than or
-       equal  to zero.  To explicitly declare an indexed array, use ddeeccllaarree --aa
+       equal to zero.  To explicitly declare an indexed array, use ddeeccllaarree  --aa
        _n_a_m_e (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).  ddeeccllaarree --aa _n_a_m_e[[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]] is
        also accepted; the _s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t is ignored.
 
        Associative arrays are created using ddeeccllaarree --AA _n_a_m_e.
 
        Attributes may be specified for an array variable using the ddeeccllaarree and
-       rreeaaddoonnllyy builtins.  Each attribute applies to all members of an  array.
+       rreeaaddoonnllyy  builtins.  Each attribute applies to all members of an array.
 
-       Arrays   are  assigned  to  using  compound  assignments  of  the  form
-       _n_a_m_e=((value_1 ... value_n)),  where  each  _v_a_l_u_e  is  of  the  form  [_s_u_b_-
-       _s_c_r_i_p_t]=_s_t_r_i_n_g.   Indexed  array assignments do not require the bracket
-       and subscript.  When assigning  to  indexed  arrays,  if  the  optional
-       brackets  and subscript are supplied, that index is assigned to; other-
+       Arrays  are  assigned  to  using  compound  assignments  of  the   form
+       _n_a_m_e=((value_1  ...  value_n)),  where  each  _v_a_l_u_e  is  of  the form [_s_u_b_-
+       _s_c_r_i_p_t]=_s_t_r_i_n_g.  Indexed array assignments do not require  the  bracket
+       and  subscript.   When  assigning  to  indexed  arrays, if the optional
+       brackets and subscript are supplied, that index is assigned to;  other-
        wise the index of the element assigned is the last index assigned to by
        the statement plus one.  Indexing starts at zero.
 
        When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.
 
-       This  syntax is also accepted by the ddeeccllaarree builtin.  Individual array
-       elements may be assigned  to  using  the  _n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]=_v_a_l_u_e  syntax
+       This syntax is also accepted by the ddeeccllaarree builtin.  Individual  array
+       elements  may  be  assigned  to  using the _n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]=_v_a_l_u_e syntax
        introduced above.
 
-       Any  element  of  an  array may be referenced using ${_n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]}.
+       Any element of an array may  be  referenced  using  ${_n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]}.
        The braces are required to avoid conflicts with pathname expansion.  If
-       _s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t  is  @@  or **, the word expands to all members of _n_a_m_e.  These
-       subscripts differ only when the word appears within double quotes.   If
+       _s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t is @@ or **, the word expands to all members  of  _n_a_m_e.   These
+       subscripts  differ only when the word appears within double quotes.  If
        the word is double-quoted, ${_n_a_m_e[*]} expands to a single word with the
-       value of each array member separated by the first character of the  IIFFSS
+       value  of each array member separated by the first character of the IIFFSS
        special variable, and ${_n_a_m_e[@]} expands each element of _n_a_m_e to a sep-
-       arate word.  When there are no array  members,  ${_n_a_m_e[@]}  expands  to
-       nothing.   If  the  double-quoted  expansion  occurs within a word, the
-       expansion of the first parameter is joined with the beginning  part  of
-       the  original  word,  and the expansion of the last parameter is joined
-       with the last part of the original word.   This  is  analogous  to  the
-       expansion  of  the  special  parameters ** and @@ (see SSppeecciiaall PPaarraammeetteerrss
-       above).  ${#_n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]}  expands  to  the  length  of  ${_n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_-
-       _s_c_r_i_p_t]}.   If _s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t is ** or @@, the expansion is the number of ele-
-       ments in the array.  Referencing an array variable without a  subscript
+       arate  word.   When  there  are no array members, ${_n_a_m_e[@]} expands to
+       nothing.  If the double-quoted expansion  occurs  within  a  word,  the
+       expansion  of  the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of
+       the original word, and the expansion of the last  parameter  is  joined
+       with  the  last  part  of  the original word.  This is analogous to the
+       expansion of the special parameters ** and  @@  (see  SSppeecciiaall  PPaarraammeetteerrss
+       above).   ${#_n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]}  expands  to  the  length  of ${_n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_-
+       _s_c_r_i_p_t]}.  If _s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t is ** or @@, the expansion is the number of  ele-
+       ments  in the array.  Referencing an array variable without a subscript
        is equivalent to referencing the array with a subscript of 0.
 
+       An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned  a
+       value.  The null string is a valid value.
+
        The  uunnsseett  builtin  is  used to destroy arrays.  uunnsseett _n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t]
        destroys the array element at index _s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t.  Care must be  taken  to
-       avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename generation.  uunnsseett _n_a_m_e,
+       avoid  unwanted side effects caused by pathname expansion.  uunnsseett _n_a_m_e,
        where _n_a_m_e is an array, or uunnsseett _n_a_m_e[_s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t], where _s_u_b_s_c_r_i_p_t is  **
        or @@, removes the entire array.
 
@@ -1382,15 +1408,15 @@ EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN
               digit, or when _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is followed by a character which is not
               to be interpreted as part of its name.
 
-       If the first character of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is an exclamation point, a level of
-       variable  indirection  is introduced.  BBaasshh uses the value of the vari-
-       able formed from the rest of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r as the  name  of  the  variable;
-       this  variable  is  then expanded and that value is used in the rest of
-       the substitution, rather than the value of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r itself.   This  is
-       known as _i_n_d_i_r_e_c_t _e_x_p_a_n_s_i_o_n.  The exceptions to this are the expansions
-       of ${!_p_r_e_f_i_x*} and ${!!_n_a_m_e[_@]} described below.  The exclamation  point
-       must  immediately  follow the left brace in order to introduce indirec-
-       tion.
+       If the first character of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r is  an  exclamation  point  (!!),  a
+       level  of  variable  indirection is introduced.  BBaasshh uses the value of
+       the variable formed from the rest of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r as the name of the vari-
+       able; this variable is then expanded and that value is used in the rest
+       of the substitution, rather than the value of _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r  itself.   This
+       is  known as _i_n_d_i_r_e_c_t _e_x_p_a_n_s_i_o_n.  The exceptions to this are the expan-
+       sions of ${!_p_r_e_f_i_x*} and ${!!_n_a_m_e[_@]} described below.  The  exclamation
+       point  must  immediately  follow  the  left brace in order to introduce
+       indirection.
 
        In each of the cases below, _w_o_r_d is subject to tilde expansion, parame-
        ter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.
@@ -1655,7 +1681,7 @@ EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN
        The special pattern characters have the following meanings:
 
        **      Matches  any  string, including the null string.  When the gglloobb--
-              ssttaarr shell option is enabled, and ** is used in a filename expan-
+              ssttaarr shell option is enabled, and ** is used in a pathname expan-
               sion  context,  two  adjacent  **s  used as a single pattern will
               match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
               If  followed by a //, two adjacent **s will match only directories
@@ -1720,37 +1746,44 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
        anywhere within a _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d or may follow a _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.  Redirections
        are processed in the order they appear, from left to right.
 
-       In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number  is  omit-
-       ted,  and the first character of the redirection operator is <<, the re-
-       direction refers to the standard input (file  descriptor  0).   If  the
-       first  character  of  the  redirection  operator  is >>, the redirection
+       Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor  number  may
+       instead be preceded by a word of the form {_v_a_r_n_a_m_e}.  In this case, for
+       each redirection operator except >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate a
+       file  descriptor  greater  than 10 and assign it to _v_a_r_n_a_m_e.  If >&- or
+       <&- is preceded by {_v_a_r_n_a_m_e}, the value of  _v_a_r_n_a_m_e  defines  the  file
+       descriptor to close.
+
+       In  the  following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omit-
+       ted, and the first character of the redirection operator is <<, the  re-
+       direction  refers  to  the  standard input (file descriptor 0).  If the
+       first character of the  redirection  operator  is  >>,  the  redirection
        refers to the standard output (file descriptor 1).
 
-       The word following the redirection operator in the  following  descrip-
-       tions,  unless  otherwise noted, is subjected to brace expansion, tilde
+       The  word  following the redirection operator in the following descrip-
+       tions, unless otherwise noted, is subjected to brace  expansion,  tilde
        expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expan-
-       sion,  quote  removal,  pathname  expansion, and word splitting.  If it
+       sion, quote removal, pathname expansion, and  word  splitting.   If  it
        expands to more than one word, bbaasshh reports an error.
 
-       Note that the order of redirections is significant.  For  example,  the
+       Note  that  the order of redirections is significant.  For example, the
        command
 
               ls >> dirlist 2>>&&1
 
-       directs  both  standard  output and standard error to the file _d_i_r_l_i_s_t,
+       directs both standard output and standard error to  the  file  _d_i_r_l_i_s_t,
        while the command
 
               ls 2>>&&1 >> dirlist
 
-       directs only the standard output to file _d_i_r_l_i_s_t, because the  standard
-       error  was duplicated as standard output before the standard output was
-       redirected to _d_i_r_l_i_s_t.
+       directs  only the standard output to file _d_i_r_l_i_s_t, because the standard
+       error was duplicated from the standard output before the standard  out-
+       put was redirected to _d_i_r_l_i_s_t.
 
        BBaasshh handles several filenames specially when they are used in redirec-
        tions, as described in the following table:
 
               //ddeevv//ffdd//_f_d
-                     If  _f_d  is  a valid integer, file descriptor _f_d is dupli-
+                     If _f_d is a valid integer, file descriptor  _f_d  is  dupli-
                      cated.
               //ddeevv//ssttddiinn
                      File descriptor 0 is duplicated.
@@ -1760,22 +1793,22 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
                      File descriptor 2 is duplicated.
               //ddeevv//ttccpp//_h_o_s_t//_p_o_r_t
                      If _h_o_s_t is a valid hostname or Internet address, and _p_o_r_t
-                     is  an integer port number or service name, bbaasshh attempts
+                     is an integer port number or service name, bbaasshh  attempts
                      to open a TCP connection to the corresponding socket.
               //ddeevv//uuddpp//_h_o_s_t//_p_o_r_t
                      If _h_o_s_t is a valid hostname or Internet address, and _p_o_r_t
-                     is  an integer port number or service name, bbaasshh attempts
+                     is an integer port number or service name, bbaasshh  attempts
                      to open a UDP connection to the corresponding socket.
 
        A failure to open or create a file causes the redirection to fail.
 
-       Redirections using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used  with
-       care,  as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses inter-
+       Redirections  using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with
+       care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses  inter-
        nally.
 
    RReeddiirreeccttiinngg IInnppuutt
        Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from the expan-
-       sion  of  _w_o_r_d  to  be  opened for reading on file descriptor _n, or the
+       sion of _w_o_r_d to be opened for reading on  file  descriptor  _n,  or  the
        standard input (file descriptor 0) if _n is not specified.
 
        The general format for redirecting input is:
@@ -1783,27 +1816,27 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
               [_n]<<_w_o_r_d
 
    RReeddiirreeccttiinngg OOuuttppuutt
-       Redirection of output causes the  file  whose  name  results  from  the
+       Redirection  of  output  causes  the  file  whose name results from the
        expansion of _w_o_r_d to be opened for writing on file descriptor _n, or the
        standard output (file descriptor 1) if _n is not specified.  If the file
-       does  not exist it is created; if it does exist it is truncated to zero
+       does not exist it is created; if it does exist it is truncated to  zero
        size.
 
        The general format for redirecting output is:
 
               [_n]>>_w_o_r_d
 
-       If the redirection operator is >>, and the nnoocclloobbbbeerr option to  the  sseett
-       builtin  has  been enabled, the redirection will fail if the file whose
-       name results from the expansion of _w_o_r_d exists and is a  regular  file.
+       If  the  redirection operator is >>, and the nnoocclloobbbbeerr option to the sseett
+       builtin has been enabled, the redirection will fail if the  file  whose
+       name  results  from the expansion of _w_o_r_d exists and is a regular file.
        If the redirection operator is >>||, or the redirection operator is >> and
        the nnoocclloobbbbeerr option to the sseett builtin command is not enabled, the re-
        direction is attempted even if the file named by _w_o_r_d exists.
 
    AAppppeennddiinngg RReeddiirreecctteedd OOuuttppuutt
-       Redirection  of  output  in  this  fashion  causes  the file whose name
-       results from the expansion of _w_o_r_d to be opened for appending  on  file
-       descriptor  _n,  or  the standard output (file descriptor 1) if _n is not
+       Redirection of output in  this  fashion  causes  the  file  whose  name
+       results  from  the expansion of _w_o_r_d to be opened for appending on file
+       descriptor _n, or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if  _n  is  not
        specified.  If the file does not exist it is created.
 
        The general format for appending output is:
@@ -1812,11 +1845,11 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
 
 
    RReeddiirreeccttiinngg SSttaannddaarrdd OOuuttppuutt aanndd SSttaannddaarrdd EErrrroorr
-       This construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1)  and
-       the  standard  error output (file descriptor 2) to be redirected to the
+       This  construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and
+       the standard error output (file descriptor 2) to be redirected  to  the
        file whose name is the expansion of _w_o_r_d.
 
-       There are two formats for  redirecting  standard  output  and  standard
+       There  are  two  formats  for  redirecting standard output and standard
        error:
 
               &&>>_w_o_r_d
@@ -1830,8 +1863,8 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
 
 
    AAppppeennddiinngg SSttaannddaarrdd OOuuttppuutt aanndd SSttaannddaarrdd EErrrroorr
-       This construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1)  and
-       the  standard  error  output  (file descriptor 2) to be appended to the
+       This  construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and
+       the standard error output (file descriptor 2) to  be  appended  to  the
        file whose name is the expansion of _w_o_r_d.
 
        The format for appending standard output and standard error is:
@@ -1843,9 +1876,9 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
               >>>>_w_o_r_d 2>>&&1
 
    HHeerree DDooccuummeennttss
-       This type of redirection instructs the shell to  read  input  from  the
+       This  type  of  redirection  instructs the shell to read input from the
        current source until a line containing only _d_e_l_i_m_i_t_e_r (with no trailing
-       blanks) is seen.  All of the lines read up to that point are then  used
+       blanks)  is seen.  All of the lines read up to that point are then used
        as the standard input for a command.
 
        The format of here-documents is:
@@ -1854,18 +1887,18 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
                       _h_e_r_e_-_d_o_c_u_m_e_n_t
               _d_e_l_i_m_i_t_e_r
 
-       No  parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion, or
+       No parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion,  or
        pathname expansion is performed on _w_o_r_d.  If any characters in _w_o_r_d are
-       quoted,  the  _d_e_l_i_m_i_t_e_r is the result of quote removal on _w_o_r_d, and the
-       lines in the here-document are not expanded.  If _w_o_r_d is unquoted,  all
-       lines  of  the here-document are subjected to parameter expansion, com-
-       mand substitution, and arithmetic expansion.  In the latter  case,  the
-       character  sequence  \\<<nneewwlliinnee>> is ignored, and \\ must be used to quote
+       quoted, the _d_e_l_i_m_i_t_e_r is the result of quote removal on _w_o_r_d,  and  the
+       lines  in the here-document are not expanded.  If _w_o_r_d is unquoted, all
+       lines of the here-document are subjected to parameter  expansion,  com-
+       mand  substitution,  and arithmetic expansion.  In the latter case, the
+       character sequence \\<<nneewwlliinnee>> is ignored, and \\ must be used  to  quote
        the characters \\, $$, and ``.
 
        If the redirection operator is <<<<--, then all leading tab characters are
-       stripped  from  input  lines  and  the line containing _d_e_l_i_m_i_t_e_r.  This
-       allows here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a  natural
+       stripped from input lines and  the  line  containing  _d_e_l_i_m_i_t_e_r.   This
+       allows  here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural
        fashion.
 
    HHeerree SSttrriinnggss
@@ -1881,20 +1914,20 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
               [_n]<<&&_w_o_r_d
 
        is used to duplicate input file descriptors.  If _w_o_r_d expands to one or
-       more  digits,  the file descriptor denoted by _n is made to be a copy of
-       that file descriptor.  If the digits in _w_o_r_d  do  not  specify  a  file
-       descriptor  open for input, a redirection error occurs.  If _w_o_r_d evalu-
-       ates to --, file descriptor _n is closed.  If _n  is  not  specified,  the
+       more digits, the file descriptor denoted by _n is made to be a  copy  of
+       that  file  descriptor.   If  the  digits in _w_o_r_d do not specify a file
+       descriptor open for input, a redirection error occurs.  If _w_o_r_d  evalu-
+       ates  to  --,  file  descriptor _n is closed.  If _n is not specified, the
        standard input (file descriptor 0) is used.
 
        The operator
 
               [_n]>>&&_w_o_r_d
 
-       is  used  similarly  to duplicate output file descriptors.  If _n is not
-       specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1)  is  used.   If  the
-       digits  in _w_o_r_d do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a re-
-       direction error occurs.  As a special case, if _n is omitted,  and  _w_o_r_d
+       is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors.  If  _n  is  not
+       specified,  the  standard  output  (file descriptor 1) is used.  If the
+       digits in _w_o_r_d do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a  re-
+       direction  error  occurs.  As a special case, if _n is omitted, and _w_o_r_d
        does not expand to one or more digits, the standard output and standard
        error are redirected as described previously.
 
@@ -1903,7 +1936,7 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
 
               [_n]<<&&_d_i_g_i_t--
 
-       moves the file descriptor _d_i_g_i_t to file descriptor _n, or  the  standard
+       moves  the  file descriptor _d_i_g_i_t to file descriptor _n, or the standard
        input (file descriptor 0) if _n is not specified.  _d_i_g_i_t is closed after
        being duplicated to _n.
 
@@ -1911,7 +1944,7 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
 
               [_n]>>&&_d_i_g_i_t--
 
-       moves the file descriptor _d_i_g_i_t to file descriptor _n, or  the  standard
+       moves  the  file descriptor _d_i_g_i_t to file descriptor _n, or the standard
        output (file descriptor 1) if _n is not specified.
 
    OOppeenniinngg FFiillee DDeessccrriippttoorrss ffoorr RReeaaddiinngg aanndd WWrriittiinngg
@@ -1919,74 +1952,77 @@ RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN
 
               [_n]<<>>_w_o_r_d
 
-       causes  the  file  whose name is the expansion of _w_o_r_d to be opened for
-       both reading and writing on file descriptor _n, or on file descriptor  0
+       causes the file whose name is the expansion of _w_o_r_d to  be  opened  for
+       both  reading and writing on file descriptor _n, or on file descriptor 0
        if _n is not specified.  If the file does not exist, it is created.
 
 AALLIIAASSEESS
-       _A_l_i_a_s_e_s  allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used as
-       the first word of a simple command.  The  shell  maintains  a  list  of
-       aliases  that  may  be set and unset with the aalliiaass and uunnaalliiaass builtin
-       commands (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).  The first  word  of  each
-       simple  command, if unquoted, is checked to see if it has an alias.  If
-       so, that word is replaced by the text of the alias.  The characters  //,
-       $$,  ``,  and == and any of the shell _m_e_t_a_c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_s or quoting characters
+       _A_l_i_a_s_e_s allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used  as
+       the  first  word  of  a  simple command.  The shell maintains a list of
+       aliases that may be set and unset with the aalliiaass  and  uunnaalliiaass  builtin
+       commands  (see  SSHHEELLLL  BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).  The first word of each
+       simple command, if unquoted, is checked to see if it has an alias.   If
+       so,  that word is replaced by the text of the alias.  The characters //,
+       $$, ``, and == and any of the shell _m_e_t_a_c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_s or  quoting  characters
        listed above may not appear in an alias name.  The replacement text may
-       contain  any  valid  shell  input, including shell metacharacters.  The
-       first word of the replacement text is tested for aliases,  but  a  word
-       that  is  identical to an alias being expanded is not expanded a second
-       time.  This means that one may alias llss to llss  --FF,  for  instance,  and
-       bbaasshh  does  not try to recursively expand the replacement text.  If the
-       last character of the alias value is a _b_l_a_n_k,  then  the  next  command
+       contain any valid shell input,  including  shell  metacharacters.   The
+       first  word  of  the replacement text is tested for aliases, but a word
+       that is identical to an alias being expanded is not expanded  a  second
+       time.   This  means  that  one may alias llss to llss --FF, for instance, and
+       bbaasshh does not try to recursively expand the replacement text.   If  the
+       last  character  of  the  alias value is a _b_l_a_n_k, then the next command
        word following the alias is also checked for alias expansion.
 
        Aliases are created and listed with the aalliiaass command, and removed with
        the uunnaalliiaass command.
 
-       There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text.   If
-       arguments  are  needed,  a shell function should be used (see FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNSS
+       There  is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text.  If
+       arguments are needed, a shell function should be  used  (see  FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNSS
        below).
 
-       Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive, unless  the
-       eexxppaanndd__aalliiaasseess  shell option is set using sshhoopptt (see the description of
+       Aliases  are not expanded when the shell is not interactive, unless the
+       eexxppaanndd__aalliiaasseess shell option is set using sshhoopptt (see the description  of
        sshhoopptt under SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).
 
-       The rules concerning the definition and use  of  aliases  are  somewhat
-       confusing.   BBaasshh  always  reads  at  least  one complete line of input
-       before executing any  of  the  commands  on  that  line.   Aliases  are
-       expanded  when  a command is read, not when it is executed.  Therefore,
-       an alias definition appearing on the same line as another command  does
-       not  take  effect  until  the next line of input is read.  The commands
+       The  rules  concerning  the  definition and use of aliases are somewhat
+       confusing.  BBaasshh always reads at  least  one  complete  line  of  input
+       before  executing  any  of  the  commands  on  that  line.  Aliases are
+       expanded when a command is read, not when it is  executed.   Therefore,
+       an  alias definition appearing on the same line as another command does
+       not take effect until the next line of input  is  read.   The  commands
        following the alias definition on that line are not affected by the new
-       alias.   This  behavior  is  also an issue when functions are executed.
-       Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read, not  when  the
-       function  is  executed,  because a function definition is itself a com-
+       alias.  This behavior is also an issue  when  functions  are  executed.
+       Aliases  are  expanded when a function definition is read, not when the
+       function is executed, because a function definition is  itself  a  com-
        pound command.  As a consequence, aliases defined in a function are not
-       available  until  after  that function is executed.  To be safe, always
-       put alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use aalliiaass in  com-
+       available until after that function is executed.  To  be  safe,  always
+       put  alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use aalliiaass in com-
        pound commands.
 
        For almost every purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.
 
 FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNSS
-       A  shell  function,  defined  as  described  above under SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR,
-       stores a series of commands for later execution.  When the  name  of  a
-       shell  function  is used as a simple command name, the list of commands
+       A shell function, defined  as  described  above  under  SSHHEELLLL  GGRRAAMMMMAARR,
+       stores  a  series  of commands for later execution.  When the name of a
+       shell function is used as a simple command name, the list  of  commands
        associated with that function name is executed.  Functions are executed
-       in  the  context  of  the  current  shell; no new process is created to
-       interpret them (contrast this with the execution of  a  shell  script).
-       When  a  function is executed, the arguments to the function become the
+       in the context of the current shell;  no  new  process  is  created  to
+       interpret  them  (contrast  this with the execution of a shell script).
+       When a function is executed, the arguments to the function  become  the
        positional parameters during its execution.  The special parameter ## is
-       updated  to reflect the change.  Special parameter 0 is unchanged.  The
-       first element of the FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE variable is set to the name of the  func-
-       tion  while  the function is executing.  All other aspects of the shell
-       execution environment are identical between a function and  its  caller
-       with the exception that the DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN traps (see the description
-       of the ttrraapp builtin under SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below) are not  inher-
-       ited  unless  the  function has been given the ttrraaccee attribute (see the
-       description of the ddeeccllaarree builtin below) or  the  --oo  ffuunnccttrraaccee  shell
-       option  has  been enabled with the sseett builtin (in which case all func-
-       tions inherit the DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN traps).
+       updated to reflect the change.  Special parameter 0 is unchanged.   The
+       first  element of the FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE variable is set to the name of the func-
+       tion while the function is executing.
+
+       All other aspects of the  shell  execution  environment  are  identical
+       between a function and its caller with these exceptions:  the DDEEBBUUGG and
+       RREETTUURRNN traps (see the description  of  the  ttrraapp  builtin  under  SSHHEELLLL
+       BBUUIILLTTIINN  CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below) are not inherited unless the function has been
+       given the ttrraaccee attribute (see the description of the  ddeeccllaarree  builtin
+       below)  or  the --oo ffuunnccttrraaccee shell option has been enabled with the sseett
+       builtin (in which case all  functions  inherit  the  DDEEBBUUGG  and  RREETTUURRNN
+       traps),  and the EERRRR trap is not inherited unless the --oo eerrrrttrraaccee shell
+       option has been enabled.
 
        Variables local to the function may be declared with the llooccaall  builtin
        command.  Ordinarily, variables and their values are shared between the
@@ -2087,6 +2123,9 @@ CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS
        bolic links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link
        itself.
 
+       When used with [[[[, The << and >> operators sort  lexicographically  using
+       the current locale.
+
        --aa _f_i_l_e
               True if _f_i_l_e exists.
        --bb _f_i_l_e
@@ -2127,20 +2166,20 @@ CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS
        --SS _f_i_l_e
               True if _f_i_l_e exists and is a socket.
        --NN _f_i_l_e
-              True if _f_i_l_e exists and has been  modified  since  it  was  last
+              True  if  _f_i_l_e  exists  and  has been modified since it was last
               read.
        _f_i_l_e_1 -nntt _f_i_l_e_2
-              True  if  _f_i_l_e_1  is  newer (according to modification date) than
+              True if _f_i_l_e_1 is newer (according  to  modification  date)  than
               _f_i_l_e_2, or if _f_i_l_e_1 exists and _f_i_l_e_2 does not.
        _f_i_l_e_1 -oott _f_i_l_e_2
-              True if _f_i_l_e_1 is older than _f_i_l_e_2, or if _f_i_l_e_2 exists and  _f_i_l_e_1
+              True  if _f_i_l_e_1 is older than _f_i_l_e_2, or if _f_i_l_e_2 exists and _f_i_l_e_1
               does not.
        _f_i_l_e_1 --eeff _f_i_l_e_2
-              True  if _f_i_l_e_1 and _f_i_l_e_2 refer to the same device and inode num-
+              True if _f_i_l_e_1 and _f_i_l_e_2 refer to the same device and inode  num-
               bers.
        --oo _o_p_t_n_a_m_e
-              True if shell option  _o_p_t_n_a_m_e  is  enabled.   See  the  list  of
-              options  under  the  description  of  the  --oo  option to the sseett
+              True  if  shell  option  _o_p_t_n_a_m_e  is  enabled.   See the list of
+              options under the description  of  the  --oo  option  to  the  sseett
               builtin below.
        --zz _s_t_r_i_n_g
               True if the length of _s_t_r_i_n_g is zero.
@@ -2149,122 +2188,121 @@ CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS
               True if the length of _s_t_r_i_n_g is non-zero.
 
        _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 ==== _s_t_r_i_n_g_2
-              True if the strings are equal.  == may be used in place of ==== for
-              strict POSIX compliance.
+       _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 == _s_t_r_i_n_g_2
+              True  if  the strings are equal.  == should be used with the tteesstt
+              command for POSIX conformance.
 
        _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 !!== _s_t_r_i_n_g_2
               True if the strings are not equal.
 
        _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 << _s_t_r_i_n_g_2
-              True  if  _s_t_r_i_n_g_1  sorts before _s_t_r_i_n_g_2 lexicographically in the
-              current locale.
+              True if _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 sorts before _s_t_r_i_n_g_2 lexicographically.
 
        _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 >> _s_t_r_i_n_g_2
-              True if _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 sorts after  _s_t_r_i_n_g_2  lexicographically  in  the
-              current locale.
+              True if _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 sorts after _s_t_r_i_n_g_2 lexicographically.
 
        _a_r_g_1 OOPP _a_r_g_2
-              OOPP  is one of --eeqq, --nnee, --lltt, --llee, --ggtt, or --ggee.  These arithmetic
-              binary operators return true if _a_r_g_1 is equal to, not equal  to,
-              less  than, less than or equal to, greater than, or greater than
-              or equal to _a_r_g_2, respectively.  _A_r_g_1 and _a_r_g_2 may  be  positive
+              OOPP is one of --eeqq, --nnee, --lltt, --llee, --ggtt, or --ggee.  These  arithmetic
+              binary  operators return true if _a_r_g_1 is equal to, not equal to,
+              less than, less than or equal to, greater than, or greater  than
+              or  equal  to _a_r_g_2, respectively.  _A_r_g_1 and _a_r_g_2 may be positive
               or negative integers.
 
 SSIIMMPPLLEE CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN
-       When  a  simple  command  is executed, the shell performs the following
+       When a simple command is executed, the  shell  performs  the  following
        expansions, assignments, and redirections, from left to right.
 
-       1.     The words that the parser has  marked  as  variable  assignments
-              (those  preceding  the  command name) and redirections are saved
+       1.     The  words  that  the  parser has marked as variable assignments
+              (those preceding the command name) and  redirections  are  saved
               for later processing.
 
-       2.     The words that are not variable assignments or redirections  are
-              expanded.   If  any words remain after expansion, the first word
-              is taken to be the name of the command and the  remaining  words
+       2.     The  words that are not variable assignments or redirections are
+              expanded.  If any words remain after expansion, the  first  word
+              is  taken  to be the name of the command and the remaining words
               are the arguments.
 
        3.     Redirections are performed as described above under RREEDDIIRREECCTTIIOONN.
 
        4.     The text after the == in each variable assignment undergoes tilde
               expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
-              expansion, and quote removal before being assigned to the  vari-
+              expansion,  and quote removal before being assigned to the vari-
               able.
 
        If no command name results, the variable assignments affect the current
-       shell environment.  Otherwise, the variables are added to the  environ-
-       ment  of the executed command and do not affect the current shell envi-
-       ronment.  If any of the assignments attempts to assign  a  value  to  a
-       readonly  variable,  an error occurs, and the command exits with a non-
+       shell  environment.  Otherwise, the variables are added to the environ-
+       ment of the executed command and do not affect the current shell  envi-
+       ronment.   If  any  of  the assignments attempts to assign a value to a
+       readonly variable, an error occurs, and the command exits with  a  non-
        zero status.
 
-       If no command name results, redirections  are  performed,  but  do  not
-       affect  the  current shell environment.  A redirection error causes the
+       If  no  command  name  results,  redirections are performed, but do not
+       affect the current shell environment.  A redirection error  causes  the
        command to exit with a non-zero status.
 
-       If there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds  as
-       described  below.   Otherwise, the command exits.  If one of the expan-
-       sions contained a command substitution, the exit status of the  command
-       is  the  exit  status  of  the last command substitution performed.  If
+       If  there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds as
+       described below.  Otherwise, the command exits.  If one of  the  expan-
+       sions  contained a command substitution, the exit status of the command
+       is the exit status of the  last  command  substitution  performed.   If
        there were no command substitutions, the command exits with a status of
        zero.
 
 CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN
-       After  a  command  has been split into words, if it results in a simple
-       command and an optional list of arguments, the  following  actions  are
+       After a command has been split into words, if it results  in  a  simple
+       command  and  an  optional list of arguments, the following actions are
        taken.
 
-       If  the  command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to locate
-       it.  If there exists a shell function by that name,  that  function  is
-       invoked  as described above in FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNSS.  If the name does not match a
-       function, the shell searches for it in the list of shell builtins.   If
+       If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts  to  locate
+       it.   If  there  exists a shell function by that name, that function is
+       invoked as described above in FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNSS.  If the name does not match  a
+       function,  the shell searches for it in the list of shell builtins.  If
        a match is found, that builtin is invoked.
 
-       If  the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin, and contains no
-       slashes, bbaasshh searches each element of the PPAATTHH for  a  directory  con-
-       taining  an  executable  file  by that name.  BBaasshh uses a hash table to
-       remember the full pathnames of executable files (see hhaasshh  under  SSHHEELLLL
-       BBUUIILLTTIINN  CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS  below).  A full search of the directories in PPAATTHH is
-       performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.   If  the
+       If the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin, and contains  no
+       slashes,  bbaasshh  searches  each element of the PPAATTHH for a directory con-
+       taining an executable file by that name.  BBaasshh uses  a  hash  table  to
+       remember  the  full pathnames of executable files (see hhaasshh under SSHHEELLLL
+       BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).  A full search of the directories in  PPAATTHH  is
+       performed  only  if the command is not found in the hash table.  If the
        search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for a defined shell function
        named ccoommmmaanndd__nnoott__ffoouunndd__hhaannddllee.  If that function exists, it is invoked
-       with  the  original command and the original command's arguments as its
-       arguments, and the function's exit status becomes the  exit  status  of
-       the  shell.  If that function is not defined, the shell prints an error
+       with the original command and the original command's arguments  as  its
+       arguments,  and  the  function's exit status becomes the exit status of
+       the shell.  If that function is not defined, the shell prints an  error
        message and returns an exit status of 127.
 
-       If the search is successful, or if the command  name  contains  one  or
+       If  the  search  is  successful, or if the command name contains one or
        more slashes, the shell executes the named program in a separate execu-
        tion environment.  Argument 0 is set to the name given, and the remain-
        ing arguments to the command are set to the arguments given, if any.
 
-       If  this  execution fails because the file is not in executable format,
-       and the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a _s_h_e_l_l _s_c_r_i_p_t,  a
-       file  containing  shell commands.  A subshell is spawned to execute it.
-       This subshell reinitializes itself, so that the effect is as if  a  new
-       shell  had  been  invoked to handle the script, with the exception that
-       the locations of commands remembered by  the  parent  (see  hhaasshh  below
+       If this execution fails because the file is not in  executable  format,
+       and  the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a _s_h_e_l_l _s_c_r_i_p_t, a
+       file containing shell commands.  A subshell is spawned to  execute  it.
+       This  subshell  reinitializes itself, so that the effect is as if a new
+       shell had been invoked to handle the script, with  the  exception  that
+       the  locations  of  commands  remembered  by the parent (see hhaasshh below
        under SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS) are retained by the child.
 
-       If  the program is a file beginning with ##!!, the remainder of the first
-       line specifies an interpreter for the program.  The shell executes  the
+       If the program is a file beginning with ##!!, the remainder of the  first
+       line  specifies an interpreter for the program.  The shell executes the
        specified interpreter on operating systems that do not handle this exe-
        cutable format themselves.  The arguments to the interpreter consist of
-       a  single optional argument following the interpreter name on the first
-       line of the program, followed by the name of the program,  followed  by
+       a single optional argument following the interpreter name on the  first
+       line  of  the program, followed by the name of the program, followed by
        the command arguments, if any.
 
 CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT
-       The  shell  has an _e_x_e_c_u_t_i_o_n _e_n_v_i_r_o_n_m_e_n_t, which consists of the follow-
+       The shell has an _e_x_e_c_u_t_i_o_n _e_n_v_i_r_o_n_m_e_n_t, which consists of  the  follow-
        ing:
 
 
-       +o      open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified  by
+       +o      open  files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
               redirections supplied to the eexxeecc builtin
 
-       +o      the  current  working directory as set by ccdd, ppuusshhdd, or ppooppdd, or
+       +o      the current working directory as set by ccdd, ppuusshhdd, or  ppooppdd,  or
               inherited by the shell at invocation
 
-       +o      the file creation mode mask as set by uummaasskk  or  inherited  from
+       +o      the  file  creation  mode mask as set by uummaasskk or inherited from
               the shell's parent
 
        +o      current traps set by ttrraapp
@@ -2272,153 +2310,154 @@ CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENN
        +o      shell parameters that are set by variable assignment or with sseett
               or inherited from the shell's parent in the environment
 
-       +o      shell functions defined during execution or inherited  from  the
+       +o      shell  functions  defined during execution or inherited from the
               shell's parent in the environment
 
-       +o      options  enabled  at  invocation (either by default or with com-
+       +o      options enabled at invocation (either by default  or  with  com-
               mand-line arguments) or by sseett
 
        +o      options enabled by sshhoopptt
 
        +o      shell aliases defined with aalliiaass
 
-       +o      various process IDs, including those  of  background  jobs,  the
-              value of $$$$, and the value of $$PPPPIIDD
+       +o      various  process  IDs,  including  those of background jobs, the
+              value of $$$$, and the value of PPPPIIDD
 
-       When  a  simple command other than a builtin or shell function is to be
-       executed, it is invoked in a separate execution environment  that  con-
-       sists  of the following.  Unless otherwise noted, the values are inher-
+       When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function is  to  be
+       executed,  it  is invoked in a separate execution environment that con-
+       sists of the following.  Unless otherwise noted, the values are  inher-
        ited from the shell.
 
 
-       +o      the shell's open files, plus  any  modifications  and  additions
+       +o      the  shell's  open  files,  plus any modifications and additions
               specified by redirections to the command
 
        +o      the current working directory
 
        +o      the file creation mode mask
 
-       +o      shell  variables  and  functions  marked  for export, along with
+       +o      shell variables and functions  marked  for  export,  along  with
               variables exported for the command, passed in the environment
 
        +o      traps caught by the shell are reset to the values inherited from
               the shell's parent, and traps ignored by the shell are ignored
 
-       A  command  invoked  in  this  separate  environment  cannot affect the
+       A command invoked  in  this  separate  environment  cannot  affect  the
        shell's execution environment.
 
-       Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses, and  asynchro-
+       Command  substitution, commands grouped with parentheses, and asynchro-
        nous commands are invoked in a subshell environment that is a duplicate
-       of the shell environment, except that traps caught  by  the  shell  are
+       of  the  shell  environment,  except that traps caught by the shell are
        reset to the values that the shell inherited from its parent at invoca-
        tion.  Builtin commands that are invoked as part of a pipeline are also
        executed in a subshell environment.  Changes made to the subshell envi-
        ronment cannot affect the shell's execution environment.
 
        Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the value of
-       the  --ee  option  from  the  parent shell.  When not in posix mode, Bash
+       the --ee option from the parent shell.  When  not  in  posix  mode,  Bash
        clears the --ee option in such subshells.
 
-       If a command is followed by a && and job  control  is  not  active,  the
-       default  standard  input  for  the command is the empty file _/_d_e_v_/_n_u_l_l.
-       Otherwise, the invoked command inherits the  file  descriptors  of  the
+       If  a  command  is  followed  by a && and job control is not active, the
+       default standard input for the command is  the  empty  file  _/_d_e_v_/_n_u_l_l.
+       Otherwise,  the  invoked  command  inherits the file descriptors of the
        calling shell as modified by redirections.
 
 EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT
-       When  a  program  is invoked it is given an array of strings called the
+       When a program is invoked it is given an array of  strings  called  the
        _e_n_v_i_r_o_n_m_e_n_t.   This  is  a  list  of  _n_a_m_e-_v_a_l_u_e  pairs,  of  the  form
        _n_a_m_e=_v_a_l_u_e.
 
-       The  shell  provides  several  ways  to manipulate the environment.  On
+       The shell provides several ways  to  manipulate  the  environment.   On
        invocation, the shell scans its own environment and creates a parameter
-       for  each name found, automatically marking it for _e_x_p_o_r_t to child pro-
-       cesses.  Executed commands inherit the  environment.   The  eexxppoorrtt  and
-       ddeeccllaarree  --xx  commands allow parameters and functions to be added to and
+       for each name found, automatically marking it for _e_x_p_o_r_t to child  pro-
+       cesses.   Executed  commands  inherit  the environment.  The eexxppoorrtt and
+       ddeeccllaarree --xx commands allow parameters and functions to be added  to  and
        deleted from the environment.  If the value of a parameter in the envi-
-       ronment  is  modified,  the  new value becomes part of the environment,
-       replacing the old.  The environment inherited by any  executed  command
-       consists  of the shell's initial environment, whose values may be modi-
-       fied in the shell, less any pairs removed by the  uunnsseett  command,  plus
+       ronment is modified, the new value becomes  part  of  the  environment,
+       replacing  the  old.  The environment inherited by any executed command
+       consists of the shell's initial environment, whose values may be  modi-
+       fied  in  the  shell, less any pairs removed by the uunnsseett command, plus
        any additions via the eexxppoorrtt and ddeeccllaarree --xx commands.
 
-       The  environment  for  any  _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d or function may be augmented
-       temporarily by prefixing it with parameter  assignments,  as  described
+       The environment for any _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d or  function  may  be  augmented
+       temporarily  by  prefixing  it with parameter assignments, as described
        above in PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS.  These assignment statements affect only the envi-
        ronment seen by that command.
 
-       If the --kk option is set (see the sseett builtin command below),  then  _a_l_l
-       parameter  assignments are placed in the environment for a command, not
+       If  the  --kk option is set (see the sseett builtin command below), then _a_l_l
+       parameter assignments are placed in the environment for a command,  not
        just those that precede the command name.
 
-       When bbaasshh invokes an external command, the variable __  is  set  to  the
-       full  file  name of the command and passed to that command in its envi-
+       When  bbaasshh  invokes  an  external command, the variable __ is set to the
+       full file name of the command and passed to that command in  its  envi-
        ronment.
 
 EEXXIITT SSTTAATTUUSS
-       The exit status of an executed command is the  value  returned  by  the
+       The  exit  status  of  an executed command is the value returned by the
        _w_a_i_t_p_i_d system call or equivalent function.  Exit statuses fall between
-       0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may use  values  above
+       0  and  255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above
        125 specially.  Exit statuses from shell builtins and compound commands
-       are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the  shell
+       are  also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
        will use special values to indicate specific failure modes.
 
        For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit status
-       has succeeded.  An exit status of zero indicates success.   A  non-zero
-       exit  status  indicates  failure.  When a command terminates on a fatal
+       has  succeeded.   An exit status of zero indicates success.  A non-zero
+       exit status indicates failure.  When a command terminates  on  a  fatal
        signal _N, bbaasshh uses the value of 128+_N as the exit status.
 
-       If a command is not found, the child  process  created  to  execute  it
-       returns  a status of 127.  If a command is found but is not executable,
+       If  a  command  is  not  found, the child process created to execute it
+       returns a status of 127.  If a command is found but is not  executable,
        the return status is 126.
 
        If a command fails because of an error during expansion or redirection,
        the exit status is greater than zero.
 
-       Shell  builtin  commands return a status of 0 (_t_r_u_e) if successful, and
-       non-zero (_f_a_l_s_e) if an error occurs while they execute.   All  builtins
+       Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (_t_r_u_e) if  successful,  and
+       non-zero  (_f_a_l_s_e)  if an error occurs while they execute.  All builtins
        return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.
 
-       BBaasshh  itself  returns  the  exit  status  of the last command executed,
-       unless a syntax error occurs, in which case it exits  with  a  non-zero
+       BBaasshh itself returns the exit  status  of  the  last  command  executed,
+       unless  a  syntax  error occurs, in which case it exits with a non-zero
        value.  See also the eexxiitt builtin command below.
 
 SSIIGGNNAALLSS
-       When  bbaasshh  is  interactive,  in  the  absence of any traps, it ignores
+       When bbaasshh is interactive, in the  absence  of  any  traps,  it  ignores
        SSIIGGTTEERRMM (so that kkiillll 00 does not kill an interactive shell), and SSIIGGIINNTT
-       is  caught and handled (so that the wwaaiitt builtin is interruptible).  In
-       all cases, bbaasshh ignores SSIIGGQQUUIITT.  If job control  is  in  effect,  bbaasshh
+       is caught and handled (so that the wwaaiitt builtin is interruptible).   In
+       all  cases,  bbaasshh  ignores  SSIIGGQQUUIITT.  If job control is in effect, bbaasshh
        ignores SSIIGGTTTTIINN, SSIIGGTTTTOOUU, and SSIIGGTTSSTTPP.
 
        Non-builtin commands run by bbaasshh have signal handlers set to the values
-       inherited by the shell from its parent.  When job  control  is  not  in
-       effect,  asynchronous commands ignore SSIIGGIINNTT and SSIIGGQQUUIITT in addition to
-       these inherited handlers.  Commands run as a result of command  substi-
+       inherited  by  the  shell  from its parent.  When job control is not in
+       effect, asynchronous commands ignore SSIIGGIINNTT and SSIIGGQQUUIITT in addition  to
+       these  inherited handlers.  Commands run as a result of command substi-
        tution ignore the keyboard-generated job control signals SSIIGGTTTTIINN, SSIIGGTT--
        TTOOUU, and SSIIGGTTSSTTPP.
 
-       The shell exits by default upon receipt of a SSIIGGHHUUPP.   Before  exiting,
-       an  interactive  shell  resends  the  SSIIGGHHUUPP  to  all  jobs, running or
+       The  shell  exits by default upon receipt of a SSIIGGHHUUPP.  Before exiting,
+       an interactive shell  resends  the  SSIIGGHHUUPP  to  all  jobs,  running  or
        stopped.  Stopped jobs are sent SSIIGGCCOONNTT to ensure that they receive the
-       SSIIGGHHUUPP.   To  prevent the shell from sending the signal to a particular
-       job, it should be removed from the jobs table with the  ddiissoowwnn  builtin
-       (see  SSHHEELLLL  BBUUIILLTTIINN  CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS  below)  or marked to not receive SSIIGGHHUUPP
+       SSIIGGHHUUPP.  To prevent the shell from sending the signal to  a  particular
+       job,  it  should be removed from the jobs table with the ddiissoowwnn builtin
+       (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below) or  marked  to  not  receive  SSIIGGHHUUPP
        using ddiissoowwnn --hh.
 
-       If the hhuuppoonneexxiitt shell option has been set with  sshhoopptt,  bbaasshh  sends  a
+       If  the  hhuuppoonneexxiitt  shell  option has been set with sshhoopptt, bbaasshh sends a
        SSIIGGHHUUPP to all jobs when an interactive login shell exits.
 
-       If  bbaasshh is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal for
+       If bbaasshh is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal  for
        which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until the com-
-       mand  completes.   When bbaasshh is waiting for an asynchronous command via
-       the wwaaiitt builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap  has  been
+       mand completes.  When bbaasshh is waiting for an asynchronous  command  via
+       the  wwaaiitt  builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been
        set will cause the wwaaiitt builtin to return immediately with an exit sta-
        tus greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is executed.
 
 JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL
-       _J_o_b _c_o_n_t_r_o_l refers to the ability to  selectively  stop  (_s_u_s_p_e_n_d)  the
+       _J_o_b  _c_o_n_t_r_o_l  refers  to  the ability to selectively stop (_s_u_s_p_e_n_d) the
        execution of processes and continue (_r_e_s_u_m_e) their execution at a later
-       point.  A user typically  employs  this  facility  via  an  interactive
-       interface supplied jointly by the system's terminal driver and bbaasshh.
+       point.   A  user  typically  employs  this  facility via an interactive
+       interface supplied jointly by the operating  system  kernel's  terminal
+       driver and bbaasshh.
 
        The  shell  associates  a  _j_o_b with each pipeline.  It keeps a table of
        currently executing jobs, which may be listed with  the  jjoobbss  command.
@@ -2439,10 +2478,12 @@ JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL
        generated  signals  such  as SSIIGGIINNTT.  These processes are said to be in
        the _f_o_r_e_g_r_o_u_n_d.  _B_a_c_k_g_r_o_u_n_d processes are those whose process group  ID
        differs from the terminal's; such processes are immune to keyboard-gen-
-       erated signals.  Only foreground processes are allowed to read from  or
-       write to the terminal.  Background processes which attempt to read from
-       (write to) the terminal are sent a SSIIGGTTTTIINN ((SSIIGGTTTTOOUU)) signal by the ter-
-       minal driver, which, unless caught, suspends the process.
+       erated signals.  Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or,
+       if  the  user  so  specifies  with  stty tostop, write to the terminal.
+       Background processes which attempt to read from  (write  to  when  stty
+       tostop  is  in effect) the terminal are sent a SSIIGGTTTTIINN ((SSIIGGTTTTOOUU)) signal
+       by the kernel's terminal driver, which,  unless  caught,  suspends  the
+       process.
 
        If  the operating system on which bbaasshh is running supports job control,
        bbaasshh contains facilities to use it.  Typing the _s_u_s_p_e_n_d character (typ-
@@ -2524,7 +2565,8 @@ PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG
               \\vv     the version of bbaasshh (e.g., 2.00)
               \\VV     the release of bbaasshh, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
               \\ww     the current working  directory,  with  $$HHOOMMEE  abbreviated
-                     with a tilde (uses the $$PPRROOMMPPTT__DDIIRRTTRRIIMM variable)
+                     with  a tilde (uses the value of the PPRROOMMPPTT__DDIIRRTTRRIIMM vari-
+                     able)
               \\WW     the basename of the current working directory, with $$HHOOMMEE
                      abbreviated with a tilde
               \\!!     the history number of this command
@@ -2532,66 +2574,66 @@ PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG
               \\$$     if the effective UID is 0, a ##, otherwise a $$
               \\_n_n_n   the character corresponding to the octal number _n_n_n
               \\\\     a backslash
-              \\[[     begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which  could
-                     be  used  to  embed  a terminal control sequence into the
+              \\[[     begin  a sequence of non-printing characters, which could
+                     be used to embed a terminal  control  sequence  into  the
                      prompt
               \\]]     end a sequence of non-printing characters
 
-       The command number and the history number are  usually  different:  the
-       history  number of a command is its position in the history list, which
-       may include commands  restored  from  the  history  file  (see  HHIISSTTOORRYY
-       below),  while  the  command  number is the position in the sequence of
-       commands executed during the current shell session.  After  the  string
-       is  decoded,  it is expanded via parameter expansion, command substitu-
-       tion, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value  of
-       the  pprroommppttvvaarrss  shell option (see the description of the sshhoopptt command
+       The  command  number  and the history number are usually different: the
+       history number of a command is its position in the history list,  which
+       may  include  commands  restored  from  the  history  file (see HHIISSTTOORRYY
+       below), while the command number is the position  in  the  sequence  of
+       commands  executed  during the current shell session.  After the string
+       is decoded, it is expanded via parameter expansion,  command  substitu-
+       tion,  arithmetic expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of
+       the pprroommppttvvaarrss shell option (see the description of the  sshhoopptt  command
        under SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).
 
 RREEAADDLLIINNEE
-       This is the library that handles reading input when using  an  interac-
+       This  is  the library that handles reading input when using an interac-
        tive shell, unless the ----nnooeeddiittiinngg option is given at shell invocation.
        Line editing is also used when using the --ee option to the rreeaadd builtin.
        By default, the line editing commands are similar to those of emacs.  A
        vi-style line editing interface is also available.  Line editing can be
-       enabled  at  any  time  using  the --oo eemmaaccss or --oo vvii options to the sseett
-       builtin (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).  To turn off  line  editing
-       after  the  shell  is running, use the ++oo eemmaaccss or ++oo vvii options to the
+       enabled at any time using the --oo eemmaaccss or --oo  vvii  options  to  the  sseett
+       builtin  (see  SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).  To turn off line editing
+       after the shell is running, use the ++oo eemmaaccss or ++oo vvii  options  to  the
        sseett builtin.
 
    RReeaaddlliinnee NNoottaattiioonn
        In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote keystrokes.
-       Control  keys  are  denoted by C-_k_e_y, e.g., C-n means Control-N.  Simi-
-       larly, _m_e_t_a keys are denoted by M-_k_e_y, so M-x means Meta-X.   (On  key-
-       boards  without a _m_e_t_a key, M-_x means ESC _x, i.e., press the Escape key
+       Control keys are denoted by C-_k_e_y, e.g., C-n  means  Control-N.   Simi-
+       larly,  _m_e_t_a  keys are denoted by M-_k_e_y, so M-x means Meta-X.  (On key-
+       boards without a _m_e_t_a key, M-_x means ESC _x, i.e., press the Escape  key
        then the _x key.  This makes ESC the _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_f_i_x.  The combination M-C-_x
-       means  ESC-Control-_x, or press the Escape key then hold the Control key
+       means ESC-Control-_x, or press the Escape key then hold the Control  key
        while pressing the _x key.)
 
        Readline commands may be given numeric _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s, which normally act as
-       a  repeat  count.   Sometimes,  however, it is the sign of the argument
-       that is significant.  Passing a negative argument  to  a  command  that
-       acts  in the forward direction (e.g., kkiillll--lliinnee) causes that command to
-       act in a backward direction.  Commands whose  behavior  with  arguments
+       a repeat count.  Sometimes, however, it is the  sign  of  the  argument
+       that  is  significant.   Passing  a negative argument to a command that
+       acts in the forward direction (e.g., kkiillll--lliinnee) causes that command  to
+       act  in  a  backward direction.  Commands whose behavior with arguments
        deviates from this are noted below.
 
-       When  a command is described as _k_i_l_l_i_n_g text, the text deleted is saved
+       When a command is described as _k_i_l_l_i_n_g text, the text deleted is  saved
        for possible future retrieval (_y_a_n_k_i_n_g).  The killed text is saved in a
        _k_i_l_l _r_i_n_g.  Consecutive kills cause the text to be accumulated into one
        unit, which can be yanked all at once.  Commands which do not kill text
        separate the chunks of text on the kill ring.
 
    RReeaaddlliinnee IInniittiiaalliizzaattiioonn
-       Readline  is  customized  by putting commands in an initialization file
-       (the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file).  The name of this file is taken from the  value  of
-       the  IINNPPUUTTRRCC  variable.   If  that  variable  is  unset, the default is
-       _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c.  When a program which uses the readline library starts  up,
+       Readline is customized by putting commands in  an  initialization  file
+       (the  _i_n_p_u_t_r_c  file).  The name of this file is taken from the value of
+       the IINNPPUUTTRRCC variable.  If  that  variable  is  unset,  the  default  is
+       _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c.   When a program which uses the readline library starts up,
        the initialization file is read, and the key bindings and variables are
-       set.  There are only a few basic constructs  allowed  in  the  readline
-       initialization  file.  Blank lines are ignored.  Lines beginning with a
-       ## are comments.  Lines beginning with a  $$  indicate  conditional  con-
+       set.   There  are  only  a few basic constructs allowed in the readline
+       initialization file.  Blank lines are ignored.  Lines beginning with  a
+       ##  are  comments.   Lines  beginning with a $$ indicate conditional con-
        structs.  Other lines denote key bindings and variable settings.
 
-       The  default  key-bindings  may be changed with an _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file.  Other
+       The default key-bindings may be changed with an  _i_n_p_u_t_r_c  file.   Other
        programs that use this library may add their own commands and bindings.
 
        For example, placing
@@ -2599,19 +2641,19 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
               M-Control-u: universal-argument
        or
               C-Meta-u: universal-argument
-       into  the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c would make M-C-u execute the readline command _u_n_i_v_e_r_-
+       into the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c would make M-C-u execute the readline command  _u_n_i_v_e_r_-
        _s_a_l_-_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t.
 
-       The following symbolic character names  are  recognized:  _R_U_B_O_U_T,  _D_E_L,
+       The  following  symbolic  character  names are recognized: _R_U_B_O_U_T, _D_E_L,
        _E_S_C, _L_F_D, _N_E_W_L_I_N_E, _R_E_T, _R_E_T_U_R_N, _S_P_C, _S_P_A_C_E, and _T_A_B.
 
-       In  addition  to  command  names, readline allows keys to be bound to a
+       In addition to command names, readline allows keys to  be  bound  to  a
        string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a _m_a_c_r_o).
 
    RReeaaddlliinnee KKeeyy BBiinnddiinnggss
-       The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file is  simple.
-       All  that is required is the name of the command or the text of a macro
-       and a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be  speci-
+       The  syntax for controlling key bindings in the _i_n_p_u_t_r_c file is simple.
+       All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a  macro
+       and  a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-
        fied in one of two ways: as a symbolic key name, possibly with _M_e_t_a_- or
        _C_o_n_t_r_o_l_- prefixes, or as a key sequence.
 
@@ -2622,15 +2664,15 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
               Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word
               Control-o: "> output"
 
-       In  the above example, _C_-_u is bound to the function uunniivveerrssaall--aarrgguummeenntt,
-       _M_-_D_E_L is bound to the function bbaacckkwwaarrdd--kkiillll--wwoorrdd, and _C_-_o is bound  to
-       run  the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the
+       In the above example, _C_-_u is bound to the function  uunniivveerrssaall--aarrgguummeenntt,
+       _M_-_D_E_L  is bound to the function bbaacckkwwaarrdd--kkiillll--wwoorrdd, and _C_-_o is bound to
+       run the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert  the
        text ``> output'' into the line).
 
-       In the second form, ""kkeeyysseeqq"":_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e  or  _m_a_c_r_o,  kkeeyysseeqq  differs
-       from  kkeeyynnaammee above in that strings denoting an entire key sequence may
-       be specified by placing the sequence within double  quotes.   Some  GNU
-       Emacs  style  key escapes can be used, as in the following example, but
+       In  the  second  form,  ""kkeeyysseeqq"":_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e or _m_a_c_r_o, kkeeyysseeqq differs
+       from kkeeyynnaammee above in that strings denoting an entire key sequence  may
+       be  specified  by  placing the sequence within double quotes.  Some GNU
+       Emacs style key escapes can be used, as in the following  example,  but
        the symbolic character names are not recognized.
 
               "\C-u": universal-argument
@@ -2638,7 +2680,7 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
               "\e[11~": "Function Key 1"
 
        In this example, _C_-_u is again bound to the function uunniivveerrssaall--aarrgguummeenntt.
-       _C_-_x  _C_-_r is bound to the function rree--rreeaadd--iinniitt--ffiillee, and _E_S_C _[ _1 _1 _~ is
+       _C_-_x _C_-_r is bound to the function rree--rreeaadd--iinniitt--ffiillee, and _E_S_C _[ _1 _1 _~  is
        bound to insert the text ``Function Key 1''.
 
        The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is
@@ -2649,7 +2691,7 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
               \\""     literal "
               \\''     literal '
 
-       In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a  second  set  of
+       In  addition  to  the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of
        backslash escapes is available:
               \\aa     alert (bell)
               \\bb     backspace
@@ -2659,20 +2701,20 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
               \\rr     carriage return
               \\tt     horizontal tab
               \\vv     vertical tab
-              \\_n_n_n   the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the octal value
+              \\_n_n_n   the eight-bit character whose value is  the  octal  value
                      _n_n_n (one to three digits)
-              \\xx_H_H   the eight-bit character whose value  is  the  hexadecimal
+              \\xx_H_H   the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the hexadecimal
                      value _H_H (one or two hex digits)
 
        When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes must be used
        to indicate a macro definition.  Unquoted text is assumed to be a func-
-       tion  name.   In  the macro body, the backslash escapes described above
-       are expanded.  Backslash will quote any other character  in  the  macro
+       tion name.  In the macro body, the backslash  escapes  described  above
+       are  expanded.   Backslash  will quote any other character in the macro
        text, including " and '.
 
-       BBaasshh  allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modi-
-       fied with the bbiinndd builtin command.  The editing mode may  be  switched
-       during  interactive  use by using the --oo option to the sseett builtin com-
+       BBaasshh allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or  modi-
+       fied  with  the bbiinndd builtin command.  The editing mode may be switched
+       during interactive use by using the --oo option to the sseett  builtin  com-
        mand (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below).
 
    RReeaaddlliinnee VVaarriiaabblleess
@@ -2682,132 +2724,147 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
 
               sseett _v_a_r_i_a_b_l_e_-_n_a_m_e _v_a_l_u_e
 
-       Except where noted, readline variables can take the values  OOnn  or  OOffff
-       (without  regard  to  case).   Unrecognized variable names are ignored.
-       When a variable value is read, empty or null values, "on"  (case-insen-
+       Except  where  noted,  readline variables can take the values OOnn or OOffff
+       (without regard to case).  Unrecognized  variable  names  are  ignored.
+       When  a variable value is read, empty or null values, "on" (case-insen-
        sitive), and "1" are equivalent to OOnn.  All other values are equivalent
        to OOffff.  The variables and their default values are:
 
        bbeellll--ssttyyllee ((aauuddiibbllee))
-              Controls what happens when readline wants to ring  the  terminal
+              Controls  what  happens when readline wants to ring the terminal
               bell.  If set to nnoonnee, readline never rings the bell.  If set to
-              vviissiibbllee, readline uses a visible bell if one is  available.   If
+              vviissiibbllee,  readline  uses a visible bell if one is available.  If
               set to aauuddiibbllee, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.
        bbiinndd--ttttyy--ssppeecciiaall--cchhaarrss ((OOnn))
-              If  set  to OOnn, readline attempts to bind the control characters
+              If set to OOnn, readline attempts to bind the  control  characters
               treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their read-
               line equivalents.
        ccoommmmeenntt--bbeeggiinn ((````##''''))
-              The  string  that  is  inserted when the readline iinnsseerrtt--ccoommmmeenntt
+              The string that is inserted  when  the  readline  iinnsseerrtt--ccoommmmeenntt
               command is executed.  This command is bound to MM--## in emacs mode
               and to ## in vi command mode.
        ccoommpplleettiioonn--iiggnnoorree--ccaassee ((OOffff))
               If set to OOnn, readline performs filename matching and completion
               in a case-insensitive fashion.
        ccoommpplleettiioonn--pprreeffiixx--ddiissppllaayy--lleennggtthh ((00))
-              The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of  pos-
-              sible  completions that is displayed without modification.  When
-              set to a value greater than zero, common  prefixes  longer  than
-              this  value are replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possi-
+              The  length in characters of the common prefix of a list of pos-
+              sible completions that is displayed without modification.   When
+              set  to  a  value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than
+              this value are replaced with an ellipsis when displaying  possi-
               ble completions.
        ccoommpplleettiioonn--qquueerryy--iitteemmss ((110000))
-              This determines when the user is queried about viewing the  num-
-              ber  of  possible  completions generated by the ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommppllee--
-              ttiioonnss command.  It may be set to any integer value greater  than
-              or  equal  to  zero.   If  the number of possible completions is
+              This  determines when the user is queried about viewing the num-
+              ber of possible completions generated  by  the  ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommppllee--
+              ttiioonnss  command.  It may be set to any integer value greater than
+              or equal to zero.  If the  number  of  possible  completions  is
               greater than or equal to the value of this variable, the user is
-              asked  whether or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are
+              asked whether or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they  are
               simply listed on the terminal.
        ccoonnvveerrtt--mmeettaa ((OOnn))
-              If set to OOnn, readline will convert characters with  the  eighth
+              If  set  to OOnn, readline will convert characters with the eighth
               bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth bit and
-              prefixing an escape character (in effect, using  escape  as  the
+              prefixing  an  escape  character (in effect, using escape as the
               _m_e_t_a _p_r_e_f_i_x).
        ddiissaabbllee--ccoommpplleettiioonn ((OOffff))
               If set to OOnn, readline will inhibit word completion.  Completion
-              characters will be inserted into the line as if  they  had  been
+              characters  will  be  inserted into the line as if they had been
               mapped to sseellff--iinnsseerrtt.
        eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee ((eemmaaccss))
               Controls whether readline begins with a set of key bindings sim-
               ilar to _e_m_a_c_s or _v_i.  eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee can be set to either eemmaaccss or
               vvii.
+       eecchhoo--ccoonnttrrooll--cchhaarraacctteerrss ((OOnn))
+              When set to OOnn, on operating systems that indicate they  support
+              it, readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal gener-
+              ated from the keyboard.
        eennaabbllee--kkeeyyppaadd ((OOffff))
               When set to OOnn, readline will try to enable the application key-
-              pad when it is called.  Some systems need  this  to  enable  the
+              pad  when  it  is  called.  Some systems need this to enable the
               arrow keys.
+       eennaabbllee--mmeettaa--kkeeyy ((OOnn))
+              When set to OOnn, readline will try to enable  any  meta  modifier
+              key  the  terminal claims to support when it is called.  On many
+              terminals, the meta key is used to send eight-bit characters.
        eexxppaanndd--ttiillddee ((OOffff))
-              If  set  to  oonn,  tilde  expansion  is  performed  when readline
+              If set  to  oonn,  tilde  expansion  is  performed  when  readline
               attempts word completion.
        hhiissttoorryy--pprreesseerrvvee--ppooiinntt ((OOffff))
-              If set to oonn, the history code attempts to place  point  at  the
-              same  location on each history line retrieved with pprreevviioouuss--hhiiss--
+              If  set  to  oonn, the history code attempts to place point at the
+              same location on each history line retrieved with  pprreevviioouuss--hhiiss--
               ttoorryy or nneexxtt--hhiissttoorryy.
        hhiissttoorryy--ssiizzee ((00))
-              Set the maximum number of history entries saved in  the  history
+              Set  the  maximum number of history entries saved in the history
               list.  If set to zero, the number of entries in the history list
               is not limited.
        hhoorriizzoonnttaall--ssccrroollll--mmooddee ((OOffff))
-              When set to OOnn, makes readline use a single  line  for  display,
+              When  set  to  OOnn, makes readline use a single line for display,
               scrolling the input horizontally on a single screen line when it
-              becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping  to  a
+              becomes  longer  than the screen width rather than wrapping to a
               new line.
        iinnppuutt--mmeettaa ((OOffff))
-              If  set to OOnn, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is, it
-              will not strip the high  bit  from  the  characters  it  reads),
+              If set to OOnn, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is,  it
+              will  not  strip  the  high  bit  from the characters it reads),
               regardless of what the terminal claims it can support.  The name
               mmeettaa--ffllaagg is a synonym for this variable.
        iisseeaarrcchh--tteerrmmiinnaattoorrss ((````CC--[[CC--JJ''''))
-              The string of characters that should  terminate  an  incremental
-              search  without  subsequently  executing the character as a com-
-              mand.  If this variable has not been given a value, the  charac-
+              The  string  of  characters that should terminate an incremental
+              search without subsequently executing the character  as  a  com-
+              mand.   If this variable has not been given a value, the charac-
               ters _E_S_C and _C_-_J will terminate an incremental search.
        kkeeyymmaapp ((eemmaaccss))
-              Set  the current readline keymap.  The set of valid keymap names
-              is _e_m_a_c_s_, _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d_, _e_m_a_c_s_-_m_e_t_a_,  _e_m_a_c_s_-_c_t_l_x_,  _v_i_,  _v_i_-_c_o_m_-
-              _m_a_n_d,  and  _v_i_-_i_n_s_e_r_t.  _v_i is equivalent to _v_i_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d; _e_m_a_c_s is
-              equivalent to _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d.  The default value is  _e_m_a_c_s;  the
+              Set the current readline keymap.  The set of valid keymap  names
+              is  _e_m_a_c_s_,  _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d_,  _e_m_a_c_s_-_m_e_t_a_, _e_m_a_c_s_-_c_t_l_x_, _v_i_, _v_i_-_c_o_m_-
+              _m_a_n_d, and _v_i_-_i_n_s_e_r_t.  _v_i is equivalent to _v_i_-_c_o_m_m_a_n_d;  _e_m_a_c_s  is
+              equivalent  to  _e_m_a_c_s_-_s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d.  The default value is _e_m_a_c_s; the
               value of eeddiittiinngg--mmooddee also affects the default keymap.
        mmaarrkk--ddiirreeccttoorriieess ((OOnn))
               If set to OOnn, completed directory names have a slash appended.
        mmaarrkk--mmooddiiffiieedd--lliinneess ((OOffff))
-              If  set  to  OOnn,  history lines that have been modified are dis-
+              If set to OOnn, history lines that have  been  modified  are  dis-
               played with a preceding asterisk (**).
        mmaarrkk--ssyymmlliinnkkeedd--ddiirreeccttoorriieess ((OOffff))
               If set to OOnn, completed names which are symbolic links to direc-
-              tories   have   a  slash  appended  (subject  to  the  value  of
+              tories  have  a  slash  appended  (subject  to  the   value   of
               mmaarrkk--ddiirreeccttoorriieess).
        mmaattcchh--hhiiddddeenn--ffiilleess ((OOnn))
-              This variable, when set to OOnn, causes readline  to  match  files
-              whose  names  begin  with  a  `.' (hidden files) when performing
-              filename completion, unless the leading `.' is supplied  by  the
+              This  variable,  when  set to OOnn, causes readline to match files
+              whose names begin with a  `.'  (hidden  files)  when  performing
+              filename  completion,  unless the leading `.' is supplied by the
               user in the filename to be completed.
        oouuttppuutt--mmeettaa ((OOffff))
-              If  set  to OOnn, readline will display characters with the eighth
+              If set to OOnn, readline will display characters with  the  eighth
               bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape sequence.
        ppaaggee--ccoommpplleettiioonnss ((OOnn))
-              If  set to OOnn, readline uses an internal _m_o_r_e-like pager to dis-
+              If set to OOnn, readline uses an internal _m_o_r_e-like pager to  dis-
               play a screenful of possible completions at a time.
        pprriinntt--ccoommpplleettiioonnss--hhoorriizzoonnttaallllyy ((OOffff))
-              If set to OOnn, readline will  display  completions  with  matches
-              sorted  horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the
+              If  set  to  OOnn,  readline will display completions with matches
+              sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down  the
               screen.
        rreevveerrtt--aallll--aatt--nneewwlliinnee ((OOffff))
-              If set to oonn, readline will undo all changes  to  history  lines
+              If  set  to  oonn, readline will undo all changes to history lines
               before returning when aacccceepptt--lliinnee is executed.  By default, his-
-              tory lines may be modified  and  retain  individual  undo  lists
+              tory  lines  may  be  modified  and retain individual undo lists
               across calls to rreeaaddlliinnee.
        sshhooww--aallll--iiff--aammbbiigguuoouuss ((OOffff))
-              This  alters  the  default behavior of the completion functions.
+              This alters the default behavior of  the  completion  functions.
               If set to oonn, words which have more than one possible completion
-              cause  the  matches  to be listed immediately instead of ringing
+              cause the matches to be listed immediately  instead  of  ringing
               the bell.
        sshhooww--aallll--iiff--uunnmmooddiiffiieedd ((OOffff))
-              This alters the default behavior of the completion functions  in
+              This  alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
               a fashion similar to sshhooww--aallll--iiff--aammbbiigguuoouuss.  If set to oonn, words
-              which have more than one possible completion without any  possi-
-              ble  partial  completion (the possible completions don't share a
-              common prefix)  cause  the  matches  to  be  listed  immediately
+              which  have more than one possible completion without any possi-
+              ble partial completion (the possible completions don't  share  a
+              common  prefix)  cause  the  matches  to  be  listed immediately
               instead of ringing the bell.
+       sskkiipp--ccoommpplleetteedd--tteexxtt ((OOffff))
+              If set to OOnn, this alters the default completion  behavior  when
+              inserting  a  single match into the line.  It's only active when
+              performing completion in the middle  of  a  word.   If  enabled,
+              readline  does  not  insert  characters from the completion that
+              match characters after point in the  word  being  completed,  so
+              portions of the word following the cursor are not duplicated.
        vviissiibbllee--ssttaattss ((OOffff))
               If  set to OOnn, a character denoting a file's type as reported by
               _s_t_a_t(2) is appended to the filename when listing  possible  com-
@@ -3157,7 +3214,11 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
               moves  _n  positions  forward  in the list of matches; a negative
               argument may be used to move backward through  the  list.   This
               command  is  intended  to  be  bound  to  TTAABB, but is unbound by
-              default.
+              default.cc
+       mmeennuu--ccoommpplleettee--kkrrdd
+              Identicwwal to mmeennuu--ccoommpplleettee, but moves backward through the  list
+              of  possible  completions,  as if mmeennuu--ccoommpplleettee had been given a
+              negative argument.  This command is unbound by default.
        ddeelleettee--cchhaarr--oorr--lliisstt
               Deletes the character under the cursor if not at  the  beginning
               or  end  of  the  line (like ddeelleettee--cchhaarr).  If at the end of the
@@ -3253,6 +3314,14 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
               A character is read and point is moved to  the  previous  occur-
               rence  of  that character.  A negative count searches for subse-
               quent occurrences.
+       sskkiipp--ccssii--sseeqquueennccee (())
+              Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence  such  as
+              those  defined for keys like Home and End.  Such sequences begin
+              with a Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[.  If this
+              sequence  is  bound  to "\[", keys producing such sequences will
+              have no effect unless explicitly bound to  a  readline  command,
+              instead  of  inserting stray characters into the editing buffer.
+              This is unbound by default, but usually bound to ESC-[.
        iinnsseerrtt--ccoommmmeenntt ((MM--##))
               Without a numeric argument,  the  value  of  the  readline  ccoomm--
               mmeenntt--bbeeggiinn  variable is inserted at the beginning of the current
@@ -3304,12 +3373,16 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
        the  ccoommpplleettee  builtin  (see  SSHHEELLLL  BBUUIILLTTIINN  CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below), the pro-
        grammable completion facilities are invoked.
 
-       First, the command name is identified.  If a compspec has been  defined
-       for that command, the compspec is used to generate the list of possible
-       completions for the word.  If the command word is a  full  pathname,  a
-       compspec  for  the full pathname is searched for first.  If no compspec
-       is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find  a  compspec
-       for the portion following the final slash.
+       First, the command name is identified.  If  the  command  word  is  the
+       empty  string (completion attempted at the beginning of an empty line),
+       any compspec defined with the --EE option to  ccoommpplleettee  is  used.   If  a
+       compspec  has  been  defined  for that command, the compspec is used to
+       generate the list of possible completions for the word.  If the command
+       word  is  a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is searched
+       for first.  If no compspec is found for the full pathname,  an  attempt
+       is  made  to find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+       If those searches to not result in a  compspec,  any  compspec  defined
+       with the --DD option to ccoommpplleettee is used as the default.
 
        Once  a  compspec  has  been  found, it is used to generate the list of
        matching words.  If a compspec is not found, the default  bbaasshh  comple-
@@ -3320,7 +3393,7 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
        --ff  or --dd option is used for filename or directory name completion, the
        shell variable FFIIGGNNOORREE is used to filter the matches.
 
-       Any completions specified by a filename expansion  pattern  to  the  --GG
+       Any completions specified by a pathname expansion  pattern  to  the  --GG
        option are generated next.  The words generated by the pattern need not
        match the word being completed.  The GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE shell variable  is  not
        used to filter the matches, but the FFIIGGNNOORREE variable is used.
@@ -3395,6 +3468,29 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE
        the value of the mmaarrkk--ddiirreeccttoorriieess readline variable, regardless of  the
        setting of the mmaarrkk--ssyymmlliinnkkeedd--ddiirreeccttoorriieess readline variable.
 
+       There  is  some support for dynamically modifying completions.  This is
+       most useful when used in combination with a default  completion  speci-
+       fied  with  ccoommpplleettee --DD.  It's possible for shell functions executed as
+       completion handlers to indicate that completion should  be  retried  by
+       returning  an exit status of 124.  If a shell function returns 124, and
+       changes the compspec associated with the command on which completion is
+       being  attempted  (supplied  as the first argument when the function is
+       executed), programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
+       attempt to find a compspec for that command.  This allows a set of com-
+       pletions to be built dynamically as  completion  is  attempted,  rather
+       than being loaded all at once.
+
+       For  instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept
+       in a file corresponding to the  name  of  the  command,  the  following
+       default completion function would load completions dynamically:
+
+       _completion_loader()
+       {
+            . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
+       }
+       complete -D -F _completion_loader
+
+
 HHIISSTTOORRYY
        When  the  --oo  hhiissttoorryy  option to the sseett builtin is enabled, the shell
        provides access to the _c_o_m_m_a_n_d _h_i_s_t_o_r_y, the list of commands previously
@@ -3418,13 +3514,13 @@ HHIISSTTOORRYY
        the description of sshhoopptt under SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below), the lines
        are  appended  to the history file, otherwise the history file is over-
        written.  If HHIISSTTFFIILLEE is unset, or if the history file  is  unwritable,
-       the  history  is  not  saved.   If the variable is set, time stamps are
-       written to the history file, marked with the history comment character,
-       so  they may be preserved across shell sessions.  This uses the history
-       comment character to distinguish timestamps from other  history  lines.
-       After  saving  the history, the history file is truncated to contain no
-       more than HHIISSTTFFIILLEESSIIZZEE lines.  If HHIISSTTFFIILLEESSIIZZEE is not set,  no  trunca-
-       tion is performed.
+       the  history is not saved.  If the HHIISSTTTTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT variable is set, time
+       stamps are written to the history file, marked with the history comment
+       character,  so  they may be preserved across shell sessions.  This uses
+       the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from other his-
+       tory lines.  After saving the history, the history file is truncated to
+       contain no more than HHIISSTTFFIILLEESSIIZZEE lines.  If HHIISSTTFFIILLEESSIIZZEE is  not  set,
+       no truncation is performed.
 
        The  builtin  command ffcc (see SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS below) may be used
        to list or edit and re-execute a portion of the history list.  The hhiiss--
@@ -3478,17 +3574,17 @@ HHIISSTTOORRYY EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN
 
        Several shell options settable with the sshhoopptt builtin may  be  used  to
        tailor  the  behavior  of  history  expansion.  If the hhiissttvveerriiffyy shell
-       option is enabled (see the description of the sshhoopptt builtin), and rreeaadd--
-       lliinnee is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to
-       the shell parser.  Instead, the expanded  line  is  reloaded  into  the
-       rreeaaddlliinnee editing buffer for further modification.  If rreeaaddlliinnee is being
-       used, and the hhiissttrreeeeddiitt shell option is enabled, a failed history sub-
-       stitution will be reloaded into the rreeaaddlliinnee editing buffer for correc-
-       tion.  The --pp option to the hhiissttoorryy builtin command may be used to  see
-       what a history expansion will do before using it.  The --ss option to the
-       hhiissttoorryy builtin may be used to add commands to the end of  the  history
-       list  without  actually  executing them, so that they are available for
-       subsequent recall.
+       option is enabled (see the description of the sshhoopptt builtin below), and
+       rreeaaddlliinnee  is  being  used,  history  substitutions  are not immediately
+       passed to the shell parser.  Instead, the  expanded  line  is  reloaded
+       into the rreeaaddlliinnee editing buffer for further modification.  If rreeaaddlliinnee
+       is being used, and the hhiissttrreeeeddiitt shell option  is  enabled,  a  failed
+       history  substitution will be reloaded into the rreeaaddlliinnee editing buffer
+       for correction.  The --pp option to the hhiissttoorryy builtin  command  may  be
+       used  to  see what a history expansion will do before using it.  The --ss
+       option to the hhiissttoorryy builtin may be used to add commands to the end of
+       the  history  list  without  actually  executing them, so that they are
+       available for subsequent recall.
 
        The shell allows control of the various characters used by the  history
        expansion mechanism (see the description of hhiissttcchhaarrss above under SShheellll
@@ -3574,8 +3670,12 @@ HHIISSTTOORRYY EEXXPPAANNSSIIOONN
 SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
        Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented in this section
        as accepting options preceded by -- accepts ---- to signify the end of the
-       options.   For  example,  the  ::, ttrruuee, ffaallssee, and tteesstt builtins do not
-       accept options.
+       options.   The  ::, ttrruuee, ffaallssee, and tteesstt builtins do not accept options
+       and do not treat ---- specially.  The eexxiitt, llooggoouutt, bbrreeaakk, ccoonnttiinnuuee, lleett,
+       and  sshhiifftt builtins accept and process arguments beginning with -- with-
+       out requiring ----.  Other builtins that accept  arguments  but  are  not
+       specified  as accepting options interpret arguments beginning with -- as
+       invalid options and require ---- to prevent this interpretation.
        :: [_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s]
               No effect; the command does nothing beyond  expanding  _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s
               and  performing any specified redirections.  A zero exit code is
@@ -3744,18 +3844,22 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               The  return  value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
               or no matches were generated.
 
-       ccoommpplleettee [--aabbccddeeffggjjkkssuuvv] [--oo _c_o_m_p_-_o_p_t_i_o_n] [--EE] [--AA _a_c_t_i_o_n] [--GG _g_l_o_b_p_a_t]
-       [--WW _w_o_r_d_l_i_s_t] [--FF _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n] [--CC _c_o_m_m_a_n_d]
+       ccoommpplleettee [--aabbccddeeffggjjkkssuuvv] [--oo _c_o_m_p_-_o_p_t_i_o_n] [--DDEE] [--AA _a_c_t_i_o_n]  [--GG  _g_l_o_b_-
+       _p_a_t] [--WW _w_o_r_d_l_i_s_t] [--FF _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n] [--CC _c_o_m_m_a_n_d]
               [--XX _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t] [--PP _p_r_e_f_i_x] [--SS _s_u_f_f_i_x] _n_a_m_e [_n_a_m_e _._._.]
-       ccoommpplleettee --pprr [--EE] [_n_a_m_e ...]
+       ccoommpplleettee --pprr [--DDEE] [_n_a_m_e ...]
               Specify how arguments to each _n_a_m_e should be completed.  If  the
               --pp  option  is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
               completion specifications are printed in a way that allows  them
               to be reused as input.  The --rr option removes a completion spec-
               ification for each _n_a_m_e, or, if no _n_a_m_es are supplied, all  com-
-              pletion  specifications.   The  --EE  option  indicates  that  the
-              remaining options and actions should apply to ``empty''  command
-              completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+              pletion  specifications.   The  --DD  option  indicates  that  the
+              remaining options and actions should apply  to  the  ``default''
+              command  completion;  that is, completion attempted on a command
+              for which no completion has previously  been  defined.   The  --EE
+              option  indicates  that the remaining options and actions should
+              apply to  ``empty''  command  completion;  that  is,  completion
+              attempted on a blank line.
 
               The  process  of  applying  these completion specifications when
               word completion is  attempted  is  described  above  under  PPrroo--
@@ -3835,7 +3939,7 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                               Names of all shell variables.  May also be spec-
                               ified as --vv.
               --GG _g_l_o_b_p_a_t
-                      The filename expansion pattern _g_l_o_b_p_a_t  is  expanded  to
+                      The pathname expansion pattern _g_l_o_b_p_a_t  is  expanded  to
                       generate the possible completions.
               --WW _w_o_r_d_l_i_s_t
                       The  _w_o_r_d_l_i_s_t  is  split using the characters in the IIFFSS
@@ -3852,7 +3956,7 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                       pletions are retrieved from the value of  the  CCOOMMPPRREEPPLLYY
                       array variable.
               --XX _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t
-                      _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t  is  a pattern as used for filename expansion.
+                      _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t  is  a pattern as used for pathname expansion.
                       It is applied to the list of possible completions gener-
                       ated  by  the  preceding options and arguments, and each
                       completion matching _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t is removed from the  list.
@@ -3871,129 +3975,134 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               for a _n_a_m_e for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
               adding a completion specification.
 
-       ccoommppoopptt [--oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [++oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [_n_a_m_e]
+       ccoommppoopptt [--oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [--DDEE] [++oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [_n_a_m_e]
               Modify  completion  options  for  each  _n_a_m_e  according  to  the
               _o_p_t_i_o_ns, or for the currently-execution completion if  no  _n_a_m_es
               are  supplied.   If no _o_p_t_i_o_ns are given, display the completion
               options for each _n_a_m_e or the current completion.   The  possible
               values  of  _o_p_t_i_o_n  are  those  valid  for  the ccoommpplleettee builtin
-              described above.
-
-       The return value is true unless  an  invalid  option  is  supplied,  an
-       attempt  is  made to modify the options for a _n_a_m_e for which no comple-
+              described above.  The --DD option  indicates  that  the  remaining
+              options should apply to the ``default'' command completion; that
+              is, completion attempted on a command for  which  no  completion
+              has  previously  been defined.  The --EE option indicates that the
+              remaining options should apply to ``empty'' command  completion;
+              that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+
+       The  return  value  is  true  unless  an invalid option is supplied, an
+       attempt is made to modify the options for a _n_a_m_e for which  no  comple-
        tion specification exists, or an output error occurs.
 
        ccoonnttiinnuuee [_n]
               Resume the next iteration of the enclosing ffoorr, wwhhiillee, uunnttiill, or
-              sseelleecctt  loop.   If  _n  is specified, resume at the _nth enclosing
-              loop.  _n must be >= 1.  If _n  is  greater  than  the  number  of
-              enclosing  loops,  the  last  enclosing  loop (the ``top-level''
+              sseelleecctt loop.  If _n is specified, resume  at  the  _nth  enclosing
+              loop.   _n  must  be  >=  1.   If _n is greater than the number of
+              enclosing loops, the  last  enclosing  loop  (the  ``top-level''
               loop) is resumed.  The return value is 0 unless _n is not greater
               than or equal to 1.
 
        ddeeccllaarree [--aaAAffFFiillrrttuuxx] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
        ttyyppeesseett [--aaAAffFFiillrrttuuxx] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
-              Declare  variables and/or give them attributes.  If no _n_a_m_es are
-              given then display the values of variables.  The --pp option  will
+              Declare variables and/or give them attributes.  If no _n_a_m_es  are
+              given  then display the values of variables.  The --pp option will
               display the attributes and values of each _n_a_m_e.  When --pp is used
               with _n_a_m_e arguments, additional options are ignored.  When --pp is
-              supplied  without _n_a_m_e arguments, it will display the attributes
-              and values of all variables having the attributes  specified  by
-              the  additional  options.  If no other options are supplied with
-              --pp, ddeeccllaarree will display the attributes and values of all  shell
-              variables.   The  --ff  option  will restrict the display to shell
+              supplied without _n_a_m_e arguments, it will display the  attributes
+              and  values  of all variables having the attributes specified by
+              the additional options.  If no other options are  supplied  with
+              --pp,  ddeeccllaarree will display the attributes and values of all shell
+              variables.  The --ff option will restrict  the  display  to  shell
               functions.  The --FF option inhibits the display of function defi-
-              nitions;  only the function name and attributes are printed.  If
-              the eexxttddeebbuugg shell option is enabled  using  sshhoopptt,  the  source
+              nitions; only the function name and attributes are printed.   If
+              the  eexxttddeebbuugg  shell  option  is enabled using sshhoopptt, the source
               file name and line number where the function is defined are dis-
-              played as well.   The  --FF  option  implies  --ff.   The  following
-              options  can  be  used  to restrict output to variables with the
+              played  as  well.   The  --FF  option  implies  --ff.  The following
+              options can be used to restrict output  to  variables  with  the
               specified attribute or to give variables attributes:
-              --aa     Each _n_a_m_e  is  an  indexed  array  variable  (see  AArrrraayyss
+              --aa     Each  _n_a_m_e  is  an  indexed  array  variable  (see AArrrraayyss
                      above).
-              --AA     Each  _n_a_m_e  is  an associative array variable (see AArrrraayyss
+              --AA     Each _n_a_m_e is an associative array  variable  (see  AArrrraayyss
                      above).
               --ff     Use function names only.
               --ii     The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evalua-
-                     tion  (see  AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN )) is performed when the
-                     variable is assigned a value.
-              --ll     When the variable is assigned  a  value,  all  upper-case
-                     characters  are  converted to lower-case.  The upper-case
+                     tion (see AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN above) is performed  when
+                     the variable is assigned a value.
+              --ll     When  the  variable  is  assigned a value, all upper-case
+                     characters are converted to lower-case.   The  upper-case
                      attribute is disabled.
               --rr     Make _n_a_m_es readonly.  These names cannot then be assigned
                      values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
-              --tt     Give  each  _n_a_m_e  the  _t_r_a_c_e attribute.  Traced functions
-                     inherit the DDEEBBUUGG  and  RREETTUURRNN  traps  from  the  calling
-                     shell.   The  trace  attribute has no special meaning for
+              --tt     Give each _n_a_m_e the  _t_r_a_c_e  attribute.   Traced  functions
+                     inherit  the  DDEEBBUUGG  and  RREETTUURRNN  traps  from the calling
+                     shell.  The trace attribute has no  special  meaning  for
                      variables.
-              --uu     When the variable is assigned  a  value,  all  lower-case
-                     characters  are  converted to upper-case.  The lower-case
+              --uu     When  the  variable  is  assigned a value, all lower-case
+                     characters are converted to upper-case.   The  lower-case
                      attribute is disabled.
-              --xx     Mark _n_a_m_es for export  to  subsequent  commands  via  the
+              --xx     Mark  _n_a_m_es  for  export  to  subsequent commands via the
                      environment.
 
-              Using  `+'  instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
+              Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute  instead,  with
               the exceptions that ++aa may not be used to destroy an array vari-
-              able  and  ++rr wwiillll nnoott rreemmoovvee tthhee rreeaaddoonnllyy aattttrriibbuuttee..  WWhheenn uusseedd
-              iinn aa ffuunnccttiioonn,, mmaakkeess eeaacchh _n_a_m_e llooccaall,, aass wwiitthh tthhee llooccaall command.
+              able and ++rr will not remove the readonly attribute.   When  used
+              in a function, makes each _n_a_m_e local, as with the llooccaall command.
               If a variable name is followed by =_v_a_l_u_e, the value of the vari-
-              able is set to _v_a_l_u_e.  The return value is 0 unless  an  invalid
-              option  is  encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
-              using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to  a
-              readonly  variable,  an  attempt is made to assign a value to an
+              able  is  set to _v_a_l_u_e.  The return value is 0 unless an invalid
+              option is encountered, an attempt is made to define  a  function
+              using  ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
+              readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a  value  to  an
               array variable without using the compound assignment syntax (see
-              AArrrraayyss  above),  one  of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a valid shell variable
+              AArrrraayyss above), one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a  valid  shell  variable
               name, an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a read-
-              only  variable,  an attempt is made to turn off array status for
-              an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a  non-exis-
+              only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array  status  for
+              an  array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
               tent function with --ff.
 
        ddiirrss [[++_n]] [[--_n]] [[--ccppllvv]]
-              Without  options,  displays  the  list  of  currently remembered
-              directories.  The default display  is  on  a  single  line  with
-              directory  names  separated by spaces.  Directories are added to
-              the list with  the  ppuusshhdd  command;  the  ppooppdd  command  removes
+              Without options,  displays  the  list  of  currently  remembered
+              directories.   The  default  display  is  on  a single line with
+              directory names separated by spaces.  Directories are  added  to
+              the  list  with  the  ppuusshhdd  command;  the  ppooppdd command removes
               entries from the list.
               ++_n     Displays the _nth entry counting from the left of the list
                      shown by ddiirrss when invoked without options, starting with
                      zero.
-              --_n     Displays  the  _nth  entry  counting from the right of the
+              --_n     Displays the _nth entry counting from  the  right  of  the
                      list shown by ddiirrss when invoked without options, starting
                      with zero.
               --cc     Clears  the  directory  stack  by  deleting  all  of  the
                      entries.
-              --ll     Produces a longer listing;  the  default  listing  format
+              --ll     Produces  a  longer  listing;  the default listing format
                      uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
               --pp     Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
-              --vv     Print  the  directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
+              --vv     Print the directory stack with one entry per  line,  pre-
                      fixing each entry with its index in the stack.
 
-              The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or  _n
+              The  return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _n
               indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.
 
        ddiissoowwnn [--aarr] [--hh] [_j_o_b_s_p_e_c ...]
-              Without  options,  each  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  is  removed  from the table of
-              active jobs.  If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not present, and neither --aa  nnoorr  --rr
-              iiss  ssuupppplliieedd,, tthhee sshheellll''ss nnoottiioonn ooff tthhee _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b iiss uusseedd..  IIff
-              tthhee --hh ooppttiioonn iiss ggiivveenn,, eeaacchh _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not removed from the ta-
-              ble,  but is marked so that SSIIGGHHUUPP is not sent to the job if the
-              shell receives a SSIIGGHHUUPP.  If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is present, and  neither
-              the  --aa  nor the --rr option is supplied, the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b is used.
+              Without options, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  is  removed  from  the  table  of
+              active  jobs.   If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not present, and neither --aa nor --rr
+              is supplied, the shell's notion of the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b is used.   If
+              the --hh option is given, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not removed from the ta-
+              ble, but is marked so that SSIIGGHHUUPP is not sent to the job if  the
+              shell  receives a SSIIGGHHUUPP.  If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is present, and neither
+              the --aa nor the --rr option is supplied, the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b  is  used.
               If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is supplied, the --aa option means to remove or mark
-              all  jobs;  the  --rr  option without a _j_o_b_s_p_e_c argument restricts
-              operation to running jobs.  The return value is 0 unless a  _j_o_b_-
+              all jobs; the --rr option without  a  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  argument  restricts
+              operation  to running jobs.  The return value is 0 unless a _j_o_b_-
               _s_p_e_c does not specify a valid job.
 
        eecchhoo [--nneeEE] [_a_r_g ...]
-              Output  the  _a_r_gs,  separated  by spaces, followed by a newline.
+              Output the _a_r_gs, separated by spaces,  followed  by  a  newline.
               The return status is always 0.  If --nn is specified, the trailing
-              newline  is  suppressed.  If the --ee option is given, interpreta-
-              tion of the following backslash-escaped characters  is  enabled.
-              The  --EE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
-              acters, even on systems where they are interpreted  by  default.
-              The  xxppgg__eecchhoo  shell option may be used to dynamically determine
-              whether or not eecchhoo expands these escape characters by  default.
-              eecchhoo  does  not  interpret  ---- to mean the end of options.  eecchhoo
+              newline is suppressed.  If the --ee option is  given,  interpreta-
+              tion  of  the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
+              The --EE option disables the interpretation of these escape  char-
+              acters,  even  on systems where they are interpreted by default.
+              The xxppgg__eecchhoo shell option may be used to  dynamically  determine
+              whether  or not eecchhoo expands these escape characters by default.
+              eecchhoo does not interpret ---- to mean the  end  of  options.   eecchhoo
               interprets the following escape sequences:
               \\aa     alert (bell)
               \\bb     backspace
@@ -4005,187 +4114,187 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               \\tt     horizontal tab
               \\vv     vertical tab
               \\\\     backslash
-              \\00_n_n_n  the eight-bit character whose value is  the  octal  value
+              \\00_n_n_n  the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the octal value
                      _n_n_n (zero to three octal digits)
-              \\xx_H_H   the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the hexadecimal
+              \\xx_H_H   the eight-bit character whose value  is  the  hexadecimal
                      value _H_H (one or two hex digits)
 
        eennaabbllee [--aa] [--ddnnppss] [--ff _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e] [_n_a_m_e ...]
-              Enable and disable builtin shell commands.  Disabling a  builtin
+              Enable  and disable builtin shell commands.  Disabling a builtin
               allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
-              to be executed without specifying a full pathname,  even  though
-              the  shell  normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
-              If --nn is used, each  _n_a_m_e  is  disabled;  otherwise,  _n_a_m_e_s  are
+              to  be  executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
+              the shell normally searches for builtins before  disk  commands.
+              If  --nn  is  used,  each  _n_a_m_e  is disabled; otherwise, _n_a_m_e_s are
               enabled.  For example, to use the tteesstt binary found via the PPAATTHH
-              instead of the shell builtin version, run  ``enable  -n  test''.
-              The  --ff  option  means to load the new builtin command _n_a_m_e from
+              instead  of  the  shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
+              The --ff option means to load the new builtin  command  _n_a_m_e  from
               shared object _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e, on systems that support dynamic loading.
-              The  --dd  option will delete a builtin previously loaded with --ff.
+              The --dd option will delete a builtin previously loaded  with  --ff.
               If no _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is supplied,
               a list of shell builtins is printed.  With no other option argu-
-              ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins.   If  --nn
-              is  supplied, only disabled builtins are printed.  If --aa is sup-
-              plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with  an  indica-
-              tion  of whether or not each is enabled.  If --ss is supplied, the
-              output is restricted to the POSIX _s_p_e_c_i_a_l builtins.  The  return
-              value  is  0 unless a _n_a_m_e is not a shell builtin or there is an
+              ments,  the  list consists of all enabled shell builtins.  If --nn
+              is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed.  If --aa is  sup-
+              plied,  the  list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
+              tion of whether or not each is enabled.  If --ss is supplied,  the
+              output  is restricted to the POSIX _s_p_e_c_i_a_l builtins.  The return
+              value is 0 unless a _n_a_m_e is not a shell builtin or there  is  an
               error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
 
        eevvaall [_a_r_g ...]
-              The _a_r_gs are read and concatenated together into a  single  com-
-              mand.   This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
-              its exit status is returned as the value of eevvaall.  If there  are
+              The  _a_r_gs  are read and concatenated together into a single com-
+              mand.  This command is then read and executed by the shell,  and
+              its  exit status is returned as the value of eevvaall.  If there are
               no _a_r_g_s, or only null arguments, eevvaall returns 0.
 
        eexxeecc [--ccll] [--aa _n_a_m_e] [_c_o_m_m_a_n_d [_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s]]
-              If  _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is specified, it replaces the shell.  No new process
-              is created.  The _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s become the arguments to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.   If
+              If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is specified, it replaces the shell.  No new  process
+              is  created.  The _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s become the arguments to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.  If
               the --ll option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
-              ning of the zeroth argument passed to  _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.   This  is  what
+              ning  of  the  zeroth  argument passed to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.  This is what
               _l_o_g_i_n(1) does.  The --cc option causes _c_o_m_m_a_n_d to be executed with
-              an empty environment.  If --aa is supplied, the shell passes  _n_a_m_e
+              an  empty environment.  If --aa is supplied, the shell passes _n_a_m_e
               as the zeroth argument to the executed command.  If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d can-
-              not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell  exits,
-              unless  the  shell  option eexxeeccffaaiill is enabled, in which case it
-              returns failure.  An interactive shell returns  failure  if  the
+              not  be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+              unless the shell option eexxeeccffaaiill is enabled, in  which  case  it
+              returns  failure.   An  interactive shell returns failure if the
               file cannot be executed.  If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is not specified, any redi-
               rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
-              is  0.  If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
+              is 0.  If there is a redirection error, the return status is  1.
 
        eexxiitt [_n]
-              Cause the shell to exit with a status of _n.  If  _n  is  omitted,
+              Cause  the  shell  to exit with a status of _n.  If _n is omitted,
               the exit status is that of the last command executed.  A trap on
               EEXXIITT is executed before the shell terminates.
 
        eexxppoorrtt [--ffnn] [_n_a_m_e[=_w_o_r_d]] ...
        eexxppoorrtt --pp
-              The supplied _n_a_m_e_s are marked for automatic export to the  envi-
-              ronment  of subsequently executed commands.  If the --ff option is
-              given, the _n_a_m_e_s refer to functions.  If no _n_a_m_e_s are given,  or
-              if  the  --pp  option  is  supplied,  a list of all names that are
-              exported in this shell is printed.  The  --nn  option  causes  the
-              export  property  to  be  removed from each _n_a_m_e.  If a variable
-              name is followed by =_w_o_r_d, the value of the variable is  set  to
-              _w_o_r_d.   eexxppoorrtt  returns  an  exit  status of 0 unless an invalid
-              option is encountered, one of the _n_a_m_e_s is  not  a  valid  shell
+              The  supplied _n_a_m_e_s are marked for automatic export to the envi-
+              ronment of subsequently executed commands.  If the --ff option  is
+              given,  the _n_a_m_e_s refer to functions.  If no _n_a_m_e_s are given, or
+              if the --pp option is supplied, a  list  of  all  names  that  are
+              exported  in  this  shell  is printed.  The --nn option causes the
+              export property to be removed from each  _n_a_m_e.   If  a  variable
+              name  is  followed by =_w_o_r_d, the value of the variable is set to
+              _w_o_r_d.  eexxppoorrtt returns an exit status  of  0  unless  an  invalid
+              option  is  encountered,  one  of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a valid shell
               variable name, or --ff is supplied with a _n_a_m_e that is not a func-
               tion.
 
        ffcc [--ee _e_n_a_m_e] [--llnnrr] [_f_i_r_s_t] [_l_a_s_t]
        ffcc --ss [_p_a_t=_r_e_p] [_c_m_d]
-              Fix Command.  In the first form, a range of commands from  _f_i_r_s_t
-              to  _l_a_s_t  is selected from the history list.  _F_i_r_s_t and _l_a_s_t may
-              be specified as a string (to locate the last  command  beginning
-              with  that  string)  or  as  a number (an index into the history
+              Fix  Command.  In the first form, a range of commands from _f_i_r_s_t
+              to _l_a_s_t is selected from the history list.  _F_i_r_s_t and  _l_a_s_t  may
+              be  specified  as a string (to locate the last command beginning
+              with that string) or as a number  (an  index  into  the  history
               list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the cur-
               rent command number).  If _l_a_s_t is not specified it is set to the
-              current command for listing (so that ``fc -l  -10''  prints  the
+              current  command  for  listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
               last 10 commands) and to _f_i_r_s_t otherwise.  If _f_i_r_s_t is not spec-
-              ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16  for
+              ified  it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
               listing.
 
-              The  --nn option suppresses the command numbers when listing.  The
-              --rr option reverses the order of the commands.  If the --ll  option
-              is  given,  the  commands are listed on standard output.  Other-
-              wise, the editor given by _e_n_a_m_e is invoked on a file  containing
-              those  commands.  If _e_n_a_m_e is not given, the value of the FFCCEEDDIITT
-              variable is used, and the value of EEDDIITTOORR if FFCCEEDDIITT is not  set.
-              If  neither  variable  is set, _v_i is used.  When editing is com-
+              The --nn option suppresses the command numbers when listing.   The
+              --rr  option reverses the order of the commands.  If the --ll option
+              is given, the commands are listed on  standard  output.   Other-
+              wise,  the editor given by _e_n_a_m_e is invoked on a file containing
+              those commands.  If _e_n_a_m_e is not given, the value of the  FFCCEEDDIITT
+              variable  is used, and the value of EEDDIITTOORR if FFCCEEDDIITT is not set.
+              If neither variable is set, _v_i is used.  When  editing  is  com-
               plete, the edited commands are echoed and executed.
 
-              In the second form, _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is re-executed after  each  instance
-              of  _p_a_t  is replaced by _r_e_p.  A useful alias to use with this is
-              ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc''  runs  the  last  command
+              In  the  second form, _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is re-executed after each instance
+              of _p_a_t is replaced by _r_e_p.  A useful alias to use with  this  is
+              ``r="fc  -s"'',  so  that  typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
               beginning with ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last com-
               mand.
 
-              If the first form is used, the  return  value  is  0  unless  an
-              invalid  option  is encountered or _f_i_r_s_t or _l_a_s_t specify history
-              lines out of range.  If the --ee option is  supplied,  the  return
+              If  the  first  form  is  used,  the return value is 0 unless an
+              invalid option is encountered or _f_i_r_s_t or _l_a_s_t  specify  history
+              lines  out  of  range.  If the --ee option is supplied, the return
               value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an
               error occurs with the temporary file of commands.  If the second
-              form  is  used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
-              cuted, unless _c_m_d does not specify  a  valid  history  line,  in
+              form is used, the return status is that of the  command  re-exe-
+              cuted,  unless  _c_m_d  does  not  specify a valid history line, in
               which case ffcc returns failure.
 
        ffgg [_j_o_b_s_p_e_c]
-              Resume  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+              Resume _j_o_b_s_p_e_c in the foreground, and make it the  current  job.
               If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not present, the shell's notion of the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b
-              is  used.   The  return value is that of the command placed into
-              the foreground, or failure if run when job control  is  disabled
+              is used.  The return value is that of the  command  placed  into
+              the  foreground,  or failure if run when job control is disabled
               or, when run with job control enabled, if _j_o_b_s_p_e_c does not spec-
-              ify a valid job or _j_o_b_s_p_e_c specifies  a  job  that  was  started
+              ify  a  valid  job  or  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c specifies a job that was started
               without job control.
 
        ggeettooppttss _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g _n_a_m_e [_a_r_g_s]
-              ggeettooppttss  is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
-              ters.  _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g contains the option  characters  to  be  recog-
-              nized;  if  a  character  is  followed by a colon, the option is
-              expected to have an argument, which should be separated from  it
-              by  white space.  The colon and question mark characters may not
-              be used as option characters.  Each time it is invoked,  ggeettooppttss
-              places  the next option in the shell variable _n_a_m_e, initializing
+              ggeettooppttss is used by shell procedures to parse positional  parame-
+              ters.   _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g  contains  the  option characters to be recog-
+              nized; if a character is followed by  a  colon,  the  option  is
+              expected  to have an argument, which should be separated from it
+              by white space.  The colon and question mark characters may  not
+              be  used as option characters.  Each time it is invoked, ggeettooppttss
+              places the next option in the shell variable _n_a_m_e,  initializing
               _n_a_m_e if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to
               be processed into the variable OOPPTTIINNDD.  OOPPTTIINNDD is initialized to
-              1 each time the shell or a shell script  is  invoked.   When  an
-              option  requires  an argument, ggeettooppttss places that argument into
-              the variable OOPPTTAARRGG.  The shell does not reset OOPPTTIINNDD  automati-
-              cally;  it  must  be  manually  reset  between multiple calls to
+              1  each  time  the  shell or a shell script is invoked.  When an
+              option requires an argument, ggeettooppttss places that  argument  into
+              the  variable OOPPTTAARRGG.  The shell does not reset OOPPTTIINNDD automati-
+              cally; it must be  manually  reset  between  multiple  calls  to
               ggeettooppttss within the same shell invocation if a new set of parame-
               ters is to be used.
 
-              When  the  end  of  options is encountered, ggeettooppttss exits with a
-              return value greater than zero.  OOPPTTIINNDD is set to the  index  of
+              When the end of options is encountered,  ggeettooppttss  exits  with  a
+              return  value  greater than zero.  OOPPTTIINNDD is set to the index of
               the first non-option argument, and nnaammee is set to ?.
 
-              ggeettooppttss  normally  parses the positional parameters, but if more
+              ggeettooppttss normally parses the positional parameters, but  if  more
               arguments are given in _a_r_g_s, ggeettooppttss parses those instead.
 
-              ggeettooppttss can report errors in two ways.  If the  first  character
-              of  _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g  is  a  colon, _s_i_l_e_n_t error reporting is used.  In
-              normal operation diagnostic messages are  printed  when  invalid
-              options  or  missing  option  arguments are encountered.  If the
-              variable OOPPTTEERRRR is set to 0, no  error  messages  will  be  dis-
+              ggeettooppttss  can  report errors in two ways.  If the first character
+              of _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g is a colon, _s_i_l_e_n_t error  reporting  is  used.   In
+              normal  operation  diagnostic  messages are printed when invalid
+              options or missing option arguments  are  encountered.   If  the
+              variable  OOPPTTEERRRR  is  set  to  0, no error messages will be dis-
               played, even if the first character of _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g is not a colon.
 
               If an invalid option is seen, ggeettooppttss places ? into _n_a_m_e and, if
-              not  silent,  prints  an  error  message  and unsets OOPPTTAARRGG.  If
-              ggeettooppttss is silent, the  option  character  found  is  placed  in
+              not silent, prints an  error  message  and  unsets  OOPPTTAARRGG.   If
+              ggeettooppttss  is  silent,  the  option  character  found is placed in
               OOPPTTAARRGG and no diagnostic message is printed.
 
-              If  a required argument is not found, and ggeettooppttss is not silent,
-              a question mark (??) is placed in _n_a_m_e, OOPPTTAARRGG is  unset,  and  a
-              diagnostic  message  is  printed.   If ggeettooppttss is silent, then a
-              colon (::) is placed in _n_a_m_e and OOPPTTAARRGG  is  set  to  the  option
+              If a required argument is not found, and ggeettooppttss is not  silent,
+              a  question  mark  (??) is placed in _n_a_m_e, OOPPTTAARRGG is unset, and a
+              diagnostic message is printed.  If ggeettooppttss  is  silent,  then  a
+              colon  (::)  is  placed  in  _n_a_m_e and OOPPTTAARRGG is set to the option
               character found.
 
-              ggeettooppttss  returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
+              ggeettooppttss returns true if an option, specified or unspecified,  is
               found.  It returns false if the end of options is encountered or
               an error occurs.
 
        hhaasshh [--llrr] [--pp _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e] [--ddtt] [_n_a_m_e]
-              For  each  _n_a_m_e, the full file name of the command is determined
+              For each _n_a_m_e, the full file name of the command  is  determined
               by searching the directories in $$PPAATTHH and remembered.  If the --pp
               option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e is
               used as the full file name of the command.  The --rr option causes
-              the  shell  to  forget  all remembered locations.  The --dd option
+              the shell to forget all remembered  locations.   The  --dd  option
               causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each _n_a_m_e.
-              If  the  --tt  option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
-              _n_a_m_e corresponds is printed.  If  multiple  _n_a_m_e  arguments  are
-              supplied  with  --tt,  the  _n_a_m_e is printed before the hashed full
+              If the --tt option is supplied, the full pathname  to  which  each
+              _n_a_m_e  corresponds  is  printed.   If multiple _n_a_m_e arguments are
+              supplied with --tt, the _n_a_m_e is printed  before  the  hashed  full
               pathname.  The --ll option causes output to be displayed in a for-
-              mat  that may be reused as input.  If no arguments are given, or
+              mat that may be reused as input.  If no arguments are given,  or
               if only --ll is supplied, information about remembered commands is
-              printed.   The  return status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is not found
+              printed.  The return status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is  not  found
               or an invalid option is supplied.
 
        hheellpp [--ddmmss] [_p_a_t_t_e_r_n]
-              Display helpful information about builtin commands.  If  _p_a_t_t_e_r_n
-              is  specified, hheellpp gives detailed help on all commands matching
-              _p_a_t_t_e_r_n; otherwise help for all the builtins and  shell  control
+              Display  helpful information about builtin commands.  If _p_a_t_t_e_r_n
+              is specified, hheellpp gives detailed help on all commands  matching
+              _p_a_t_t_e_r_n;  otherwise  help for all the builtins and shell control
               structures is printed.
               --dd     Display a short description of each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n
-               --mm    Display the description of each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n in a manpage-like
+              --mm     Display the description of each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n in a manpage-like
                      format
               --ss     Display only a short usage synopsis for each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n
        The return status is 0 unless no command matches _p_a_t_t_e_r_n.
@@ -4198,132 +4307,133 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
        hhiissttoorryy --ss _a_r_g [_a_r_g _._._.]
               With no options, display the command history list with line num-
               bers.  Lines listed with a ** have been modified.  An argument of
-              _n lists only the last _n lines.  If the shell variable  HHIISSTTTTIIMMEE--
-              FFOORRMMAATT  is  set  and not null, it is used as a format string for
-              _s_t_r_f_t_i_m_e(3) to display the time stamp associated with each  dis-
-              played  history  entry.  No intervening blank is printed between
-              the formatted time stamp and the history line.  If  _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e  is
-              supplied,  it  is  used as the name of the history file; if not,
-              the value of HHIISSTTFFIILLEE is used.  Options, if supplied,  have  the
+              _n  lists only the last _n lines.  If the shell variable HHIISSTTTTIIMMEE--
+              FFOORRMMAATT is set and not null, it is used as a  format  string  for
+              _s_t_r_f_t_i_m_e(3)  to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
+              played history entry.  No intervening blank is  printed  between
+              the  formatted  time stamp and the history line.  If _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e is
+              supplied, it is used as the name of the history  file;  if  not,
+              the  value  of HHIISSTTFFIILLEE is used.  Options, if supplied, have the
               following meanings:
               --cc     Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
               --dd _o_f_f_s_e_t
                      Delete the history entry at position _o_f_f_s_e_t.
-              --aa     Append  the  ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
-                     since the beginning of the current bbaasshh session)  to  the
+              --aa     Append the ``new'' history lines (history  lines  entered
+                     since  the  beginning of the current bbaasshh session) to the
                      history file.
-              --nn     Read  the history lines not already read from the history
-                     file into the current  history  list.   These  are  lines
-                     appended  to  the history file since the beginning of the
+              --nn     Read the history lines not already read from the  history
+                     file  into  the  current  history  list.  These are lines
+                     appended to the history file since the beginning  of  the
                      current bbaasshh session.
               --rr     Read the contents of the history file and use them as the
                      current history.
-              --ww     Write  the current history to the history file, overwrit-
+              --ww     Write the current history to the history file,  overwrit-
                      ing the history file's contents.
-              --pp     Perform history substitution on the  following  _a_r_g_s  and
-                     display  the  result  on  the  standard output.  Does not
-                     store the results in the history list.  Each _a_r_g must  be
+              --pp     Perform  history  substitution  on the following _a_r_g_s and
+                     display the result on  the  standard  output.   Does  not
+                     store  the results in the history list.  Each _a_r_g must be
                      quoted to disable normal history expansion.
-              --ss     Store  the  _a_r_g_s  in  the history list as a single entry.
-                     The last command in the history list  is  removed  before
+              --ss     Store the _a_r_g_s in the history list  as  a  single  entry.
+                     The  last  command  in the history list is removed before
                      the _a_r_g_s are added.
 
-              If the HHIISSTTTTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT is set, the time stamp information associ-
-              ated with each history entry is written  to  the  history  file,
-              marked  with  the  history  comment character.  When the history
-              file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
-              followed  immediately  by  a digit are interpreted as timestamps
-              for the previous history line.  The return value is 0 unless  an
-              invalid  option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
-              writing the history file, an invalid _o_f_f_s_e_t is  supplied  as  an
-              argument to --dd, or the history expansion supplied as an argument
-              to --pp fails.
+              If the HHIISSTTTTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT variable is set, the time  stamp  informa-
+              tion  associated  with each history entry is written to the his-
+              tory file, marked with the history comment character.  When  the
+              history  file  is read, lines beginning with the history comment
+              character followed immediately by a  digit  are  interpreted  as
+              timestamps for the previous history line.  The return value is 0
+              unless an invalid option is encountered, an error  occurs  while
+              reading  or  writing the history file, an invalid _o_f_f_s_e_t is sup-
+              plied as an argument to --dd, or the history expansion supplied as
+              an argument to --pp fails.
 
        jjoobbss [--llnnpprrss] [ _j_o_b_s_p_e_c ... ]
        jjoobbss --xx _c_o_m_m_a_n_d [ _a_r_g_s ... ]
               The first form lists the active jobs.  The options have the fol-
               lowing meanings:
               --ll     List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
-              --pp     List  only  the  process  ID  of  the job's process group
+              --pp     List only the process  ID  of  the  job's  process  group
                      leader.
-              --nn     Display information only about  jobs  that  have  changed
-                     status  since the user was last notified of their status.
+              --nn     Display  information  only  about  jobs that have changed
+                     status since the user was last notified of their  status.
               --rr     Restrict output to running jobs.
               --ss     Restrict output to stopped jobs.
 
-              If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is given, output is restricted to  information  about
-              that  job.   The  return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
+              If  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  is given, output is restricted to information about
+              that job.  The return status is 0 unless an  invalid  option  is
               encountered or an invalid _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is supplied.
 
               If the --xx option is supplied, jjoobbss replaces any _j_o_b_s_p_e_c found in
-              _c_o_m_m_a_n_d  or  _a_r_g_s  with  the corresponding process group ID, and
+              _c_o_m_m_a_n_d or _a_r_g_s with the corresponding  process  group  ID,  and
               executes _c_o_m_m_a_n_d passing it _a_r_g_s, returning its exit status.
 
        kkiillll [--ss _s_i_g_s_p_e_c | --nn _s_i_g_n_u_m | --_s_i_g_s_p_e_c] [_p_i_d | _j_o_b_s_p_e_c] ...
        kkiillll --ll [_s_i_g_s_p_e_c | _e_x_i_t___s_t_a_t_u_s]
-              Send the signal named by _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  or  _s_i_g_n_u_m  to  the  processes
-              named  by  _p_i_d or _j_o_b_s_p_e_c.  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a case-insensitive
-              signal name such as SSIIGGKKIILLLL (with or without the SSIIGG prefix)  or
-              a  signal  number; _s_i_g_n_u_m is a signal number.  If _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is not
-              present, then SSIIGGTTEERRMM is assumed.  An argument of --ll  lists  the
-              signal  names.   If any arguments are supplied when --ll is given,
-              the names of the signals  corresponding  to  the  arguments  are
+              Send  the  signal  named  by  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c or _s_i_g_n_u_m to the processes
+              named by _p_i_d or _j_o_b_s_p_e_c.  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either  a  case-insensitive
+              signal  name such as SSIIGGKKIILLLL (with or without the SSIIGG prefix) or
+              a signal number; _s_i_g_n_u_m is a signal number.  If _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is  not
+              present,  then  SSIIGGTTEERRMM is assumed.  An argument of --ll lists the
+              signal names.  If any arguments are supplied when --ll  is  given,
+              the  names  of  the  signals  corresponding to the arguments are
               listed, and the return status is 0.  The _e_x_i_t___s_t_a_t_u_s argument to
-              --ll is a number specifying either a signal  number  or  the  exit
-              status  of  a process terminated by a signal.  kkiillll returns true
-              if at least one signal was successfully sent,  or  false  if  an
+              --ll  is  a  number  specifying either a signal number or the exit
+              status of a process terminated by a signal.  kkiillll  returns  true
+              if  at  least  one  signal was successfully sent, or false if an
               error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
 
        lleett _a_r_g [_a_r_g ...]
               Each _a_r_g is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see AARRIITTHH--
-              MMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN).  If the last _a_r_g evaluates to 0, lleett  returns
-              1; 0 is returned otherwise.
+              MMEETTIICC  EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN  above).   If the last _a_r_g evaluates to 0, lleett
+              returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.
 
        llooccaall [_o_p_t_i_o_n] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
-              For  each  argument, a local variable named _n_a_m_e is created, and
-              assigned _v_a_l_u_e.  The _o_p_t_i_o_n can be any of the  options  accepted
+              For each argument, a local variable named _n_a_m_e is  created,  and
+              assigned  _v_a_l_u_e.   The _o_p_t_i_o_n can be any of the options accepted
               by ddeeccllaarree.  When llooccaall is used within a function, it causes the
-              variable _n_a_m_e to have a visible scope restricted to  that  func-
+              variable  _n_a_m_e  to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
               tion and its children.  With no operands, llooccaall writes a list of
-              local variables to the standard output.  It is an error  to  use
+              local  variables  to the standard output.  It is an error to use
               llooccaall when not within a function.  The return status is 0 unless
-              llooccaall is used outside a function, an invalid _n_a_m_e  is  supplied,
+              llooccaall  is  used outside a function, an invalid _n_a_m_e is supplied,
               or _n_a_m_e is a readonly variable.
 
        llooggoouutt Exit a login shell.
 
-       mmaappffiillee  [--nn  _c_o_u_n_t]  [--OO _o_r_i_g_i_n] [--ss _c_o_u_n_t] [--tt] [--uu _f_d] [--CC _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k]
+       mmaappffiillee [--nn _c_o_u_n_t] [--OO _o_r_i_g_i_n] [--ss _c_o_u_n_t] [--tt] [--uu  _f_d]  [--CC  _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k]
        [--cc _q_u_a_n_t_u_m] [_a_r_r_a_y]
-       rreeaaddaarrrraayy  [--nn _c_o_u_n_t] [--OO _o_r_i_g_i_n] [--ss _c_o_u_n_t] [--tt] [--uu _f_d] [--CC _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k]
+       rreeaaddaarrrraayy [--nn _c_o_u_n_t] [--OO _o_r_i_g_i_n] [--ss _c_o_u_n_t] [--tt] [--uu _f_d] [--CC  _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k]
        [--cc _q_u_a_n_t_u_m] [_a_r_r_a_y]
-              Read lines from the standard input into array variable _a_r_r_a_y, or
-              from file descriptor _f_d if the --uu option is supplied.  The vari-
-              able  MMAAPPFFIILLEE  is the default _a_r_r_a_y.  Options, if supplied, have
-              the following meanings:
-              --nn     Copy at most _c_o_u_n_t lines.  If _c_o_u_n_t is 0, all  lines  are
+              Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array  vari-
+              able  _a_r_r_a_y, or from file descriptor _f_d if the --uu option is sup-
+              plied.  The variable MMAAPPFFIILLEE is the default _a_r_r_a_y.  Options,  if
+              supplied, have the following meanings:
+              --nn     Copy  at  most _c_o_u_n_t lines.  If _c_o_u_n_t is 0, all lines are
                      copied.
-              --OO     Begin  assigning  to  _a_r_r_a_y at index _o_r_i_g_i_n.  The default
+              --OO     Begin assigning to _a_r_r_a_y at index  _o_r_i_g_i_n.   The  default
                      index is 0.
               --ss     Discard the first _c_o_u_n_t lines read.
-              --tt     Remove a trailing line from each line read.
-              --uu     Read lines from file descriptor _f_d instead of  the  stan-
+              --tt     Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
+              --uu     Read  lines  from file descriptor _f_d instead of the stan-
                      dard input.
-              --CC     Evaluate  _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k each time _q_u_a_n_t_u_m lines are read.  The
+              --CC     Evaluate _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k each time _q_u_a_n_t_u_m lines are read.   The
                      --cc option specifies _q_u_a_n_t_u_m.
-              --cc     Specify the number of lines read  between  each  call  to
+              --cc     Specify  the  number  of  lines read between each call to
                      _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k.
 
-              If  --CC  is  specified  without  --cc, the default quantum is 5000.
+              If --CC is specified without --cc,  the  default  quantum  is  5000.
               When _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
-              array  element  to be assigned as an additional argument.  _c_a_l_l_-
-              _b_a_c_k is evaluated after the line is read but  before  the  array
+              array element to be assigned as an additional  argument.   _c_a_l_l_-
+              _b_a_c_k  is  evaluated  after the line is read but before the array
               element is assigned.
 
-              If  not  supplied  with  an  explicit origin, mmaappffiillee will clear
+              If not supplied with an  explicit  origin,  mmaappffiillee  will  clear
               _a_r_r_a_y before assigning to it.
 
-              mmaappffiillee returns successfully unless an invalid option or  option
-              argument is supplied, or _a_r_r_a_y is invalid or unassignable.
+              mmaappffiillee  returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+              argument is supplied, _a_r_r_a_y is invalid or  unassignable,  or  if
+              _a_r_r_a_y is not an indexed array.
 
        ppooppdd [-nn] [+_n] [-_n]
               Removes  entries  from  the directory stack.  With no arguments,
@@ -4406,8 +4516,8 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               occurs while reading the name of the  current  directory  or  an
               invalid option is supplied.
 
-       rreeaadd  [--eerrss] [--aa _a_n_a_m_e] [--dd _d_e_l_i_m] [-- _t_e_x_t] [--nn _n_c_h_a_r_s] [--pp _p_r_o_m_p_t] [--tt
-       _t_i_m_e_o_u_t] [--uu _f_d] [_n_a_m_e ...]
+       rreeaadd [--eerrss] [--aa _a_n_a_m_e] [--dd _d_e_l_i_m] [--ii _t_e_x_t] [--nn _n_c_h_a_r_s] [--NN _n_c_h_a_r_s] [--pp
+       _p_r_o_m_p_t] [--tt _t_i_m_e_o_u_t] [--uu _f_d] [_n_a_m_e ...]
               One  line  is  read  from  the  standard input, or from the file
               descriptor _f_d supplied as an argument to the --uu option, and  the
               first word is assigned to the first _n_a_m_e, the second word to the
@@ -4436,93 +4546,107 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                      placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
               --nn _n_c_h_a_r_s
                      rreeaadd  returns after reading _n_c_h_a_r_s characters rather than
-                     waiting for a complete line of input.
+                     waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a  delim-
+                     iter  if fewer than _n_c_h_a_r_s characters are read before the
+                     delimiter.
+              --NN _n_c_h_a_r_s
+                     rreeaadd returns  after  reading  exactly  _n_c_h_a_r_s  characters
+                     rather  than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
+                     EOF is encountered or rreeaadd times out.  Delimiter  charac-
+                     ters  encountered  in the input are not treated specially
+                     and do not cause rreeaadd to return until  _n_c_h_a_r_s  characters
+                     are read.
               --pp _p_r_o_m_p_t
                      Display _p_r_o_m_p_t on standard error, without a trailing new-
                      line, before attempting to read any input.  The prompt is
                      displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
               --rr     Backslash does not act as an escape character.  The back-
-                     slash  is considered to be part of the line.  In particu-
-                     lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as  a  line
+                     slash is considered to be part of the line.  In  particu-
+                     lar,  a  backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
                      continuation.
               --ss     Silent mode.  If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
                      ters are not echoed.
               --tt _t_i_m_e_o_u_t
-                     Cause rreeaadd to time out and return failure if  a  complete
-                     line  of input is not read within _t_i_m_e_o_u_t seconds.  _t_i_m_e_-
-                     _o_u_t may be a decimal number  with  a  fractional  portion
-                     following  the decimal point.  This option is only effec-
-                     tive if rreeaadd is reading input from a terminal,  pipe,  or
-                     other  special  file;  it has no effect when reading from
-                     regular files.  If _t_i_m_e_o_u_t is 0, rreeaadd returns success  if
-                     input  is  available  on  the  specified file descriptor,
-                     failure otherwise.  The exit status is greater  than  128
+                     Cause  rreeaadd  to time out and return failure if a complete
+                     line of input is not read within _t_i_m_e_o_u_t seconds.   _t_i_m_e_-
+                     _o_u_t  may  be  a  decimal number with a fractional portion
+                     following the decimal point.  This option is only  effec-
+                     tive  if  rreeaadd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
+                     other special file; it has no effect  when  reading  from
+                     regular  files.  If _t_i_m_e_o_u_t is 0, rreeaadd returns success if
+                     input is available  on  the  specified  file  descriptor,
+                     failure  otherwise.   The exit status is greater than 128
                      if the timeout is exceeded.
               --uu _f_d  Read input from file descriptor _f_d.
 
               If no _n_a_m_e_s are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-
-              able RREEPPLLYY.  The return code  is  zero,  unless  end-of-file  is
-              encountered,  rreeaadd  times  out (in which case the return code is
-              greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied  as
+              able  RREEPPLLYY.   The  return  code  is zero, unless end-of-file is
+              encountered, rreeaadd times out (in which case the  return  code  is
+              greater  than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
               the argument to --uu.
 
        rreeaaddoonnllyy [--aaAAppff] [_n_a_m_e[=_w_o_r_d] ...]
-              The  given  _n_a_m_e_s are marked readonly; the values of these _n_a_m_e_s
-              may not be changed by subsequent assignment.  If the  --ff  option
-              is  supplied,  the  functions  corresponding to the _n_a_m_e_s are so
-              marked.  The  --aa  option  restricts  the  variables  to  indexed
-              arrays;  the  --AA  option  restricts the variables to associative
-              arrays.  If no _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option  is
-              supplied,  a  list  of  all  readonly  names is printed.  The --pp
-              option causes output to be displayed in a  format  that  may  be
-              reused  as  input.  If a variable name is followed by =_w_o_r_d, the
-              value of the variable is set to _w_o_r_d.  The return  status  is  0
+              The given _n_a_m_e_s are marked readonly; the values of  these  _n_a_m_e_s
+              may  not  be changed by subsequent assignment.  If the --ff option
+              is supplied, the functions corresponding to  the  _n_a_m_e_s  are  so
+              marked.   The  --aa  option  restricts  the  variables  to indexed
+              arrays; the --AA option restricts  the  variables  to  associative
+              arrays.   If no _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is
+              supplied, a list of all  readonly  names  is  printed.   The  --pp
+              option  causes  output  to  be displayed in a format that may be
+              reused as input.  If a variable name is followed by  =_w_o_r_d,  the
+              value  of  the  variable is set to _w_o_r_d.  The return status is 0
               unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not
-              a valid shell variable name, or --ff is supplied with a _n_a_m_e  that
+              a  valid shell variable name, or --ff is supplied with a _n_a_m_e that
               is not a function.
 
        rreettuurrnn [_n]
-              Causes  a function to exit with the return value specified by _n.
-              If _n is omitted, the return status is that of the  last  command
-              executed  in the function body.  If used outside a function, but
-              during execution of a script by  the  ..   (ssoouurrccee)  command,  it
+              Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by  _n.
+              If  _n  is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
+              executed in the function body.  If used outside a function,  but
+              during  execution  of  a  script  by the ..  (ssoouurrccee) command, it
               causes the shell to stop executing that script and return either
-              _n or the exit status of the last  command  executed  within  the
-              script  as  the  exit  status  of the script.  If used outside a
-              function and not during execution of a script by ..,  the  return
+              _n  or  the  exit  status of the last command executed within the
+              script as the exit status of the  script.   If  used  outside  a
+              function  and  not during execution of a script by .., the return
               status is false.  Any command associated with the RREETTUURRNN trap is
-              executed before execution resumes after the function or  script.
+              executed  before execution resumes after the function or script.
 
        sseett [----aabbeeffhhkkmmnnppttuuvvxxBBCCEEHHPPTT] [--oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [_a_r_g ...]
        sseett [++aabbeeffhhkkmmnnppttuuvvxxBBCCEEHHPPTT] [++oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [_a_r_g ...]
-              Without  options,  the name and value of each shell variable are
+              Without options, the name and value of each shell  variable  are
               displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or
               resetting the currently-set variables.  Read-only variables can-
-              not be reset.  In _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, only shell variables  are  listed.
-              The  output  is  sorted  according  to the current locale.  When
-              options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes.   Any
-              arguments  remaining after option processing are treated as val-
+              not  be  reset.  In _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, only shell variables are listed.
+              The output is sorted according  to  the  current  locale.   When
+              options  are specified, they set or unset shell attributes.  Any
+              arguments remaining after option processing are treated as  val-
               ues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
-              $$11,  $$22,  ......   $$_n.   Options,  if specified, have the following
+              $$11, $$22, ......  $$_n.  Options,  if  specified,  have  the  following
               meanings:
-              --aa      Automatically mark variables  and  functions  which  are
-                      modified  or  created  for  export to the environment of
+              --aa      Automatically  mark  variables  and  functions which are
+                      modified or created for export  to  the  environment  of
                       subsequent commands.
-              --bb      Report the status of terminated background jobs  immedi-
+              --bb      Report  the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
                       ately, rather than before the next primary prompt.  This
                       is effective only when job control is enabled.
-              --ee      Exit immediately if a _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d (see SSHHEELLLL  GGRRAAMMMMAARR
+              --ee      Exit  immediately  if a _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e (which may consist of a
+                      single _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d),  a _s_u_b_s_h_e_l_l command enclosed  in
+                      parentheses,  or one of the commands executed as part of
+                      a command list enclosed by  braces  (see  SSHHEELLLL  GGRRAAMMMMAARR
                       above) exits with a non-zero status.  The shell does not
                       exit if the command that fails is part  of  the  command
                       list  immediately  following  a  wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword,
-                      part of the test in an iiff statement, part of  a  command
-                      executed  in  a &&&& or |||| list, any command in a pipeline
-                      but the last, or if the command's return value is  being
-                      inverted  via  !!.  Failing simple commands that are part
-                      of shell functions or command lists enclosed  in  braces
-                      or  parentheses  satisfying  the above conditions do not
-                      cause the shell to exit.  A trap on EERRRR, if set, is exe-
-                      cuted before the shell exits.
+                      part of the test  following  the  iiff  or  eelliiff  reserved
+                      words,  part  of any command executed in a &&&& or |||| list
+                      except the command following the final  &&&&  or  ||||,  any
+                      command  in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
+                      return value is being inverted with !!.  A trap  on  EERRRR,
+                      if set, is executed before the shell exits.  This option
+                      applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-
+                      ronment  separately  (see  CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT
+                      above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing
+                      all the commands in the subshell.
               --ff      Disable pathname expansion.
               --hh      Remember  the location of commands as they are looked up
                       for execution.  This is enabled by default.
@@ -4549,11 +4673,11 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                               is interactive, unless the shell is started with
                               the ----nnooeeddiittiinngg option.  This also  affects  the
                               editing interface used for rreeaadd --ee.
+                      eerrrreexxiitt Same as --ee.
                       eerrrrttrraaccee
                               Same as --EE.
                       ffuunnccttrraaccee
                               Same as --TT.
-                      eerrrreexxiitt Same as --ee.
                       hhaasshhaallll Same as --hh.
                       hhiisstteexxppaanndd
                               Same as --HH.
@@ -4600,20 +4724,22 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               --pp      Turn  on  _p_r_i_v_i_l_e_g_e_d  mode.   In this mode, the $$EENNVV and
                       $$BBAASSHH__EENNVV files are not processed, shell  functions  are
                       not  inherited  from the environment, and the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS,
-                      CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they appear in  the
-                      environment,  are ignored.  If the shell is started with
-                      the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user
-                      (group)  id,  and  the  --pp option is not supplied, these
-                      actions are taken and the effective user id  is  set  to
-                      the  real  user  id.   If  the  --pp option is supplied at
-                      startup, the effective user id is  not  reset.   Turning
-                      this  option off causes the effective user and group ids
-                      to be set to the real user and group ids.
+                      BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS, CCDDPPAATTHH,  and  GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE  variables,  if  they
+                      appear in the environment, are ignored.  If the shell is
+                      started with the effective user (group) id not equal  to
+                      the  real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not sup-
+                      plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id
+                      is  set  to  the real user id.  If the --pp option is sup-
+                      plied at startup, the effective user id  is  not  reset.
+                      Turning  this  option  off causes the effective user and
+                      group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.
               --tt      Exit after reading and executing one command.
-              --uu      Treat unset variables as an error when performing param-
-                      eter  expansion.   If expansion is attempted on an unset
-                      variable, the shell prints an error message, and, if not
-                      interactive, exits with a non-zero status.
+              --uu      Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe-
+                      cial  parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
+                      parameter expansion.  If expansion is  attempted  on  an
+                      unset  variable  or parameter, the shell prints an error
+                      message, and, if not interactive, exits with a  non-zero
+                      status.
               --vv      Print shell input lines as they are read.
               --xx      After  expanding  each _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, ffoorr command, ccaassee
                       command, sseelleecctt command, or arithmetic ffoorr command, dis-
@@ -4732,61 +4858,70 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                       If set, bbaasshh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1
                       with respect to quoted arguments to the conditional com-
                       mand's =~ operator.
+              ccoommppaatt3322
+                      If set, bbaasshh changes its behavior to that of version 3.2
+                      with respect to locale-specific string  comparison  when
+                      using the conditional command's < and > operators.
+              ccoommppaatt4400
+                      If set, bbaasshh changes its behavior to that of version 4.0
+                      with respect to locale-specific string  comparison  when
+                      using  the  conditional  command's < and > operators and
+                      the effect of interrupting a command list.
               ddiirrssppeellll
-                      If  set,  bbaasshh attempts spelling correction on directory
-                      names during word completion if the directory name  ini-
+                      If set, bbaasshh attempts spelling correction  on  directory
+                      names  during word completion if the directory name ini-
                       tially supplied does not exist.
-              ddoottgglloobb If  set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+              ddoottgglloobb If set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.'  in
                       the results of pathname expansion.
               eexxeeccffaaiill
                       If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-
-                      not  execute  the  file  specified as an argument to the
-                      eexxeecc builtin command.  An  interactive  shell  does  not
+                      not execute the file specified as  an  argument  to  the
+                      eexxeecc  builtin  command.   An  interactive shell does not
                       exit if eexxeecc fails.
               eexxppaanndd__aalliiaasseess
-                      If  set,  aliases  are expanded as described above under
+                      If set, aliases are expanded as  described  above  under
                       AALLIIAASSEESS.  This option is enabled by default for interac-
                       tive shells.
               eexxttddeebbuugg
-                      If  set,  behavior  intended  for  use  by  debuggers is
+                      If set,  behavior  intended  for  use  by  debuggers  is
                       enabled:
                       11..     The --FF option to the ddeeccllaarree builtin displays the
                              source file name and line number corresponding to
                              each function name supplied as an argument.
-                      22..     If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG  trap  returns  a
-                             non-zero  value,  the next command is skipped and
+                      22..     If  the  command  run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a
+                             non-zero value, the next command is  skipped  and
                              not executed.
-                      33..     If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG  trap  returns  a
-                             value  of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
-                             routine (a shell function or a shell script  exe-
-                             cuted  by  the  ..  or ssoouurrccee builtins), a call to
+                      33..     If  the  command  run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a
+                             value of 2, and the shell is executing in a  sub-
+                             routine  (a shell function or a shell script exe-
+                             cuted by the .. or ssoouurrccee  builtins),  a  call  to
                              rreettuurrnn is simulated.
-                      44..     BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as  described
+                      44..     BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC  and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as described
                              in their descriptions above.
-                      55..     Function  tracing  is enabled:  command substitu-
+                      55..     Function tracing is enabled:   command  substitu-
                              tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
                              (( _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN traps.
-                      66..     Error  tracing is enabled:  command substitution,
-                             shell functions, and  subshells  invoked  with  ((
+                      66..     Error tracing is enabled:  command  substitution,
+                             shell  functions,  and  subshells  invoked with ((
                              _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the EERRRROORR trap.
               eexxttgglloobb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
                       above under PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn are enabled.
               eexxttqquuoottee
-                      If set, $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g' and  $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g"  quoting  is  performed
-                      within   $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}}   expansions  enclosed  in  double
+                      If  set,  $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g'  and  $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g" quoting is performed
+                      within  $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}}  expansions  enclosed   in   double
                       quotes.  This option is enabled by default.
               ffaaiillgglloobb
-                      If set, patterns which fail to  match  filenames  during
+                      If  set,  patterns  which fail to match filenames during
                       pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
               ffoorrccee__ffiiggnnoorree
-                      If  set,  the  suffixes  specified  by the FFIIGGNNOORREE shell
-                      variable cause words to be ignored when performing  word
+                      If set, the suffixes  specified  by  the  FFIIGGNNOORREE  shell
+                      variable  cause words to be ignored when performing word
                       completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-
                       ble  completions.   See  SSHHEELLLL  VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS  above  for  a
-                      description  of  FFIIGGNNOORREE.   This  option  is  enabled by
+                      description of  FFIIGGNNOORREE.   This  option  is  enabled  by
                       default.
               gglloobbssttaarr
-                      If set, the pattern **** used in a filename expansion con-
+                      If set, the pattern **** used in a pathname expansion con-
                       text will match a files and zero or more directories and
                       subdirectories.  If the pattern is followed by a //, only
                       directories and subdirectories match.
@@ -4794,58 +4929,58 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                       If set, shell error messages are written in the standard
                       GNU error message format.
               hhiissttaappppeenndd
-                      If set, the history list is appended to the  file  named
-                      by  the  value  of  the HHIISSTTFFIILLEE variable when the shell
+                      If  set,  the history list is appended to the file named
+                      by the value of the HHIISSTTFFIILLEE  variable  when  the  shell
                       exits, rather than overwriting the file.
               hhiissttrreeeeddiitt
-                      If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given  the
+                      If  set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given the
                       opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.
               hhiissttvveerriiffyy
-                      If  set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of his-
-                      tory substitution are  not  immediately  passed  to  the
-                      shell  parser.   Instead,  the  resulting line is loaded
+                      If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of  his-
+                      tory  substitution  are  not  immediately  passed to the
+                      shell parser.  Instead, the  resulting  line  is  loaded
                       into the rreeaaddlliinnee editing buffer, allowing further modi-
                       fication.
               hhoossttccoommpplleettee
                       If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will attempt to
-                      perform hostname completion when a word containing  a  @@
-                      is   being  completed  (see  CCoommpplleettiinngg  under  RREEAADDLLIINNEE
+                      perform  hostname  completion when a word containing a @@
+                      is  being  completed  (see  CCoommpplleettiinngg  under   RREEAADDLLIINNEE
                       above).  This is enabled by default.
               hhuuppoonneexxiitt
                       If set, bbaasshh will send SSIIGGHHUUPP to all jobs when an inter-
                       active login shell exits.
               iinntteerraaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss
                       If set, allow a word beginning with ## to cause that word
-                      and all remaining characters on that line to be  ignored
-                      in  an  interactive  shell  (see  CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS above).  This
+                      and  all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
+                      in an interactive  shell  (see  CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS  above).   This
                       option is enabled by default.
-              lliitthhiisstt If set, and the ccmmddhhiisstt option  is  enabled,  multi-line
+              lliitthhiisstt If  set,  and  the ccmmddhhiisstt option is enabled, multi-line
                       commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
                       rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
               llooggiinn__sshheellll
-                      The shell sets this option if it is started as  a  login
-                      shell  (see  IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN  above).   The  value may not be
+                      The  shell  sets this option if it is started as a login
+                      shell (see IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN above).   The  value  may  not  be
                       changed.
               mmaaiillwwaarrnn
-                      If set, and a file that bbaasshh is checking  for  mail  has
-                      been  accessed  since  the last time it was checked, the
-                      message ``The mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read''  is  dis-
+                      If  set,  and  a file that bbaasshh is checking for mail has
+                      been accessed since the last time it  was  checked,  the
+                      message  ``The  mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read'' is dis-
                       played.
               nnoo__eemmppttyy__ccmmdd__ccoommpplleettiioonn
-                      If  set,  and  rreeaaddlliinnee  is  being  used,  bbaasshh will not
+                      If set, and  rreeaaddlliinnee  is  being  used,  bbaasshh  will  not
                       attempt to search the PPAATTHH for possible completions when
                       completion is attempted on an empty line.
               nnooccaasseegglloobb
-                      If  set,  bbaasshh  matches  filenames in a case-insensitive
+                      If set, bbaasshh matches  filenames  in  a  case-insensitive
                       fashion when performing pathname expansion (see PPaatthhnnaammee
                       EExxppaannssiioonn above).
               nnooccaasseemmaattcchh
-                      If  set,  bbaasshh  matches  patterns  in a case-insensitive
+                      If set, bbaasshh  matches  patterns  in  a  case-insensitive
                       fashion when performing matching while executing ccaassee or
                       [[[[ conditional commands.
               nnuullllgglloobb
-                      If  set,  bbaasshh allows patterns which match no files (see
-                      PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above) to expand to  a  null  string,
+                      If set, bbaasshh allows patterns which match no  files  (see
+                      PPaatthhnnaammee  EExxppaannssiioonn  above)  to expand to a null string,
                       rather than themselves.
               pprrooggccoommpp
                       If set, the programmable completion facilities (see PPrroo--
@@ -4853,47 +4988,47 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                       enabled by default.
               pprroommppttvvaarrss
                       If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-
-                      mand  substitution,  arithmetic  expansion,  and   quote
-                      removal  after  being expanded as described in PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG
+                      mand   substitution,  arithmetic  expansion,  and  quote
+                      removal after being expanded as described  in  PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG
                       above.  This option is enabled by default.
               rreessttrriicctteedd__sshheellll
-                      The  shell  sets  this  option  if  it  is  started   in
+                      The   shell  sets  this  option  if  it  is  started  in
                       restricted mode (see RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL below).  The value
-                      may not be changed.  This is not reset when the  startup
-                      files  are  executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
+                      may  not be changed.  This is not reset when the startup
+                      files are executed, allowing the startup files  to  dis-
                       cover whether or not a shell is restricted.
               sshhiifftt__vveerrbboossee
-                      If set, the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error  message  when
+                      If  set,  the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error message when
                       the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-
                       ters.
               ssoouurrcceeppaatthh
                       If set, the ssoouurrccee (..) builtin uses the value of PPAATTHH to
-                      find  the  directory  containing the file supplied as an
+                      find the directory containing the file  supplied  as  an
                       argument.  This option is enabled by default.
               xxppgg__eecchhoo
-                      If  set,  the  eecchhoo  builtin  expands   backslash-escape
+                      If   set,  the  eecchhoo  builtin  expands  backslash-escape
                       sequences by default.
        ssuussppeenndd [--ff]
-              Suspend  the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT
+              Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a  SSIIGGCCOONNTT
               signal.  A login shell cannot be suspended; the --ff option can be
               used to override this and force the suspension.  The return sta-
-              tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and --ff  is  not  sup-
+              tus  is  0  unless the shell is a login shell and --ff is not sup-
               plied, or if job control is not enabled.
        tteesstt _e_x_p_r
        [[ _e_x_p_r ]]
-              Return  a  status  of  0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
-              conditional expression _e_x_p_r.  Each operator and operand must  be
-              a  separate argument.  Expressions are composed of the primaries
-              described above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS.   tteesstt  does  not
+              Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on  the  evaluation  of  the
+              conditional  expression _e_x_p_r.  Each operator and operand must be
+              a separate argument.  Expressions are composed of the  primaries
+              described  above  under  CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS.  tteesstt does not
               accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of
               ---- as signifying the end of options.
 
-              Expressions may  be  combined  using  the  following  operators,
+              Expressions  may  be  combined  using  the  following operators,
               listed  in  decreasing  order  of  precedence.   The  evaluation
               depends on the number of arguments; see below.
               !! _e_x_p_r True if _e_x_p_r is false.
               (( _e_x_p_r ))
-                     Returns the value of _e_x_p_r.  This may be used to  override
+                     Returns  the value of _e_x_p_r.  This may be used to override
                      the normal precedence of operators.
               _e_x_p_r_1 -aa _e_x_p_r_2
                      True if both _e_x_p_r_1 and _e_x_p_r_2 are true.
@@ -4910,73 +5045,78 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                      null.
               2 arguments
                      If the first argument is !!, the expression is true if and
-                     only if the second argument is null.  If the first  argu-
-                     ment  is  one  of  the unary conditional operators listed
-                     above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS,  the  expression  is
+                     only  if the second argument is null.  If the first argu-
+                     ment is one of the  unary  conditional  operators  listed
+                     above  under  CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL  EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is
                      true if the unary test is true.  If the first argument is
                      not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
                      false.
               3 arguments
-                     If  the  second argument is one of the binary conditional
+                     If the second argument is one of the  binary  conditional
                      operators listed above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the
                      result of the expression is the result of the binary test
-                     using the first and third arguments as operands.  The  --aa
-                     and  --oo  operators  are  considered binary operators when
-                     there are three arguments.  If the first argument  is  !!,
-                     the  value is the negation of the two-argument test using
+                     using  the first and third arguments as operands.  The --aa
+                     and --oo operators are  considered  binary  operators  when
+                     there  are  three arguments.  If the first argument is !!,
+                     the value is the negation of the two-argument test  using
                      the second and third arguments.  If the first argument is
                      exactly (( and the third argument is exactly )), the result
-                     is the one-argument test of the second argument.   Other-
+                     is  the one-argument test of the second argument.  Other-
                      wise, the expression is false.
               4 arguments
                      If the first argument is !!, the result is the negation of
-                     the three-argument expression composed of  the  remaining
+                     the  three-argument  expression composed of the remaining
                      arguments.  Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval-
-                     uated according to  precedence  using  the  rules  listed
+                     uated  according  to  precedence  using  the rules listed
                      above.
               5 or more arguments
-                     The  expression  is  parsed  and  evaluated  according to
+                     The expression  is  parsed  and  evaluated  according  to
                      precedence using the rules listed above.
 
-       ttiimmeess  Print the accumulated user and system times for  the  shell  and
+       ttiimmeess  Print  the  accumulated  user and system times for the shell and
               for processes run from the shell.  The return status is 0.
 
        ttrraapp [--llpp] [[_a_r_g] _s_i_g_s_p_e_c ...]
-              The  command  _a_r_g  is  to  be  read  and executed when the shell
-              receives signal(s) _s_i_g_s_p_e_c.  If _a_r_g is absent (and  there  is  a
-              single  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c)  or  --,  each  specified signal is reset to its
-              original disposition (the value it  had  upon  entrance  to  the
-              shell).   If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by each
-              _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is ignored by the shell and by the commands it  invokes.
-              If  _a_r_g  is  not present and --pp has been supplied, then the trap
-              commands associated with each  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  are  displayed.   If  no
-              arguments  are  supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp prints the
-              list of commands associated with each  signal.   The  --ll  option
-              causes  the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
-              responding numbers.   Each  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is  either  a  signal  name
-              defined  in  <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>,  or  a signal number.  Signal names are
-              case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional.  If  a  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c
-              is  EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit from the shell.
-              If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is executed before  every
-              _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command, _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every
-              arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the first command executes in
-              a  shell  function  (see  SSHHEELLLL  GGRRAAMMMMAARR  above).   Refer to the
-              description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option  to  the  sshhoopptt  builtin  for
-              details  of  its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap.  If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR,
-              the command _a_r_g is executed whenever  a  simple  command  has  a
-              non-zero  exit status, subject to the following conditions.  The
-              EERRRR trap is not executed if the failed command is  part  of  the
-              command  list  immediately  following  a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword,
-              part of the test in an _i_f statement, part of a command  executed
-              in  a  &&&&  or |||| list, or if the command's return value is being
-              inverted via !!.  These are the same  conditions  obeyed  by  the
-              eerrrreexxiitt option.  If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN, the command _a_r_g is exe-
-              cuted each time a shell function or a script executed with the ..
-              or  ssoouurrccee  builtins  finishes  executing.  Signals ignored upon
-              entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.  Trapped  signals
-              that are not being ignored are reset to their original values in
-              a child process when it is created.  The return status is  false
-              if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is invalid; otherwise ttrraapp returns true.
+              The command _a_r_g is to  be  read  and  executed  when  the  shell
+              receives  signal(s)  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c.   If _a_r_g is absent (and there is a
+              single _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified  signal  is  reset  to  its
+              original  disposition  (the  value  it  had upon entrance to the
+              shell).  If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by  each
+              _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
+              If _a_r_g is not present and --pp has been supplied,  then  the  trap
+              commands  associated  with  each  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  are displayed.  If no
+              arguments are supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp  prints  the
+              list  of  commands  associated  with each signal.  The --ll option
+              causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their  cor-
+              responding  numbers.   Each  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is  either  a  signal name
+              defined in <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>, or a signal  number.   Signal  names  are
+              case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional.
+
+              If  a  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is  EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit
+              from the shell.  If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is  exe-
+              cuted  before  every  _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command,
+              _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every arithmetic _f_o_r  command,  and  before  the
+              first  command  executes  in a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR
+              above).  Refer to the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to  the
+              sshhoopptt builtin for details of its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap.  If a
+              _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN, the command _a_r_g is executed each time a shell
+              function or a script executed with the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins fin-
+              ishes executing.
+
+              If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_r_g is executed whenever a sim-
+              ple command has a non-zero exit status, subject to the following
+              conditions.  The EERRRR trap is not executed if the failed  command
+              is  part  of  the  command list immediately following a wwhhiillee or
+              uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement,  part  of  a
+              command  executed in a &&&& or |||| list, or if the command's return
+              value is being inverted via !!.  These are  the  same  conditions
+              obeyed by the eerrrreexxiitt option.
+
+              Signals  ignored  upon  entry  to the shell cannot be trapped or
+              reset.  Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset  to
+              their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when
+              one is created.  The return status is false if  any  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is
+              invalid; otherwise ttrraapp returns true.
 
        ttyyppee [--aaffttppPP] _n_a_m_e [_n_a_m_e ...]
               With  no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if
@@ -5024,7 +5164,8 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                      children
               --ii     The maximum number of pending signals
               --ll     The maximum size that may be locked into memory
-              --mm     The maximum resident set size
+              --mm     The maximum resident set size (many systems do not  honor
+                     this limit)
               --nn     The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems
                      do not allow this value to be set)
               --pp     The pipe size in 512-byte blocks (this may not be set)
@@ -5032,65 +5173,65 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               --rr     The maximum real-time scheduling priority
               --ss     The maximum stack size
               --tt     The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
-              --uu     The  maximum  number  of  processes available to a single
+              --uu     The maximum number of processes  available  to  a  single
                      user
-              --vv     The maximum amount of virtual  memory  available  to  the
+              --vv     The  maximum  amount  of  virtual memory available to the
                      shell
               --xx     The maximum number of file locks
               --TT     The maximum number of threads
 
               If _l_i_m_i_t is given, it is the new value of the specified resource
               (the --aa option is display only).  If no option is given, then --ff
-              is  assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for --tt,
-              which is in seconds, --pp, which is in units of  512-byte  blocks,
-              and  --TT,  --bb, --nn, and --uu, which are unscaled values.  The return
+              is assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for  --tt,
+              which  is  in seconds, --pp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
+              and --TT, --bb, --nn, and --uu, which are unscaled values.   The  return
               status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or
               an error occurs while setting a new limit.
 
        uummaasskk [--pp] [--SS] [_m_o_d_e]
               The user file-creation mask is set to _m_o_d_e.  If _m_o_d_e begins with
-              a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise  it  is
-              interpreted  as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
-              _c_h_m_o_d(1).  If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask  is
-              printed.   The  --SS  option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
-              bolic form; the default output is an octal number.   If  the  --pp
+              a  digit,  it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
+              interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted  by
+              _c_h_m_o_d(1).   If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is
+              printed.  The --SS option causes the mask to be  printed  in  sym-
+              bolic  form;  the  default output is an octal number.  If the --pp
               option is supplied, and _m_o_d_e is omitted, the output is in a form
               that may be reused as input.  The return status is 0 if the mode
-              was  successfully  changed  or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied,
+              was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e  argument  was  supplied,
               and false otherwise.
 
        uunnaalliiaass [-aa] [_n_a_m_e ...]
-              Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined  aliases.   If  --aa  is
-              supplied,  all  alias definitions are removed.  The return value
+              Remove  each  _n_a_m_e  from  the list of defined aliases.  If --aa is
+              supplied, all alias definitions are removed.  The  return  value
               is true unless a supplied _n_a_m_e is not a defined alias.
 
        uunnsseett [-ffvv] [_n_a_m_e ...]
-              For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding  variable  or  function.
+              For  each  _n_a_m_e,  remove the corresponding variable or function.
               If no options are supplied, or the --vv option is given, each _n_a_m_e
-              refers to a shell variable.   Read-only  variables  may  not  be
-              unset.   If  --ff  is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func-
-              tion, and the function definition is removed.  Each unset  vari-
-              able  or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
-              sequent commands.  If any of RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS,  LLIINNEENNOO,  HHIISSTTCCMMDD,
-              FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, or DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK are unset, they lose their special
-              properties, even if they are subsequently reset.  The exit  sta-
-              tus is true unless a _n_a_m_e is readonly.
+              refers  to  a  shell  variable.   Read-only variables may not be
+              unset.  If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to  a  shell  func-
+              tion,  and the function definition is removed.  Each unset vari-
+              able or function is removed from the environment passed to  sub-
+              sequent  commands.   If any of CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS,
+              LLIINNEENNOO, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, or DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK are  unset,  they
+              lose  their  special  properties,  even if they are subsequently
+              reset.  The exit status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is readonly.
 
        wwaaiitt [_n _._._.]
-              Wait  for each specified process and return its termination sta-
-              tus.  Each _n may be a process ID or a job  specification;  if  a
-              job  spec  is  given,  all  processes in that job's pipeline are
-              waited for.  If _n is not given, all currently active child  pro-
-              cesses  are  waited  for,  and  the return status is zero.  If _n
-              specifies a non-existent process or job, the  return  status  is
-              127.   Otherwise,  the  return  status is the exit status of the
+              Wait for each specified process and return its termination  sta-
+              tus.   Each  _n  may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
+              job spec is given, all processes  in  that  job's  pipeline  are
+              waited  for.  If _n is not given, all currently active child pro-
+              cesses are waited for, and the return  status  is  zero.   If  _n
+              specifies  a  non-existent  process or job, the return status is
+              127.  Otherwise, the return status is the  exit  status  of  the
               last process or job waited for.
 
 RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL
        If bbaasshh is started with the name rrbbaasshh, or the --rr option is supplied at
-       invocation,  the  shell becomes restricted.  A restricted shell is used
-       to set up an environment more controlled than the standard  shell.   It
-       behaves  identically  to bbaasshh with the exception that the following are
+       invocation, the shell becomes restricted.  A restricted shell  is  used
+       to  set  up an environment more controlled than the standard shell.  It
+       behaves identically to bbaasshh with the exception that the  following  are
        disallowed or not performed:
 
        +o      changing directories with ccdd
@@ -5099,16 +5240,16 @@ RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL
 
        +o      specifying command names containing //
 
-       +o      specifying  a  file  name containing a // as an argument to the ..
+       +o      specifying a file name containing a // as an argument  to  the  ..
               builtin command
 
-       +o      Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument  to  the
+       +o      Specifying  a  filename containing a slash as an argument to the
               --pp option to the hhaasshh builtin command
 
-       +o      importing  function  definitions  from  the shell environment at
+       +o      importing function definitions from  the  shell  environment  at
               startup
 
-       +o      parsing the value of SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS from  the  shell  environment  at
+       +o      parsing  the  value  of  SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS from the shell environment at
               startup
 
        +o      redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirect-
@@ -5117,10 +5258,10 @@ RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL
        +o      using the eexxeecc builtin command to replace the shell with another
               command
 
-       +o      adding  or  deleting builtin commands with the --ff and --dd options
+       +o      adding or deleting builtin commands with the --ff and  --dd  options
               to the eennaabbllee builtin command
 
-       +o      Using the  eennaabbllee  builtin  command  to  enable  disabled  shell
+       +o      Using  the  eennaabbllee  builtin  command  to  enable  disabled shell
               builtins
 
        +o      specifying the --pp option to the ccoommmmaanndd builtin command
@@ -5130,14 +5271,14 @@ RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL
        These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read.
 
        When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed (see CCOOMM--
-       MMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN above), rrbbaasshh turns off any restrictions  in  the  shell
+       MMAANNDD  EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN  above),  rrbbaasshh turns off any restrictions in the shell
        spawned to execute the script.
 
 SSEEEE AALLSSOO
        _B_a_s_h _R_e_f_e_r_e_n_c_e _M_a_n_u_a_l, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
        _T_h_e _G_n_u _R_e_a_d_l_i_n_e _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
        _T_h_e _G_n_u _H_i_s_t_o_r_y _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
-       _P_o_r_t_a_b_l_e  _O_p_e_r_a_t_i_n_g  _S_y_s_t_e_m  _I_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e _(_P_O_S_I_X_) _P_a_r_t _2_: _S_h_e_l_l _a_n_d _U_t_i_l_i_-
+       _P_o_r_t_a_b_l_e _O_p_e_r_a_t_i_n_g _S_y_s_t_e_m _I_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e _(_P_O_S_I_X_) _P_a_r_t _2_:  _S_h_e_l_l  _a_n_d  _U_t_i_l_i_-
        _t_i_e_s, IEEE
        _s_h(1), _k_s_h(1), _c_s_h(1)
        _e_m_a_c_s(1), _v_i(1)
@@ -5153,7 +5294,7 @@ FFIILLEESS
        _~_/_._b_a_s_h_r_c
               The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
        _~_/_._b_a_s_h___l_o_g_o_u_t
-              The  individual  login shell cleanup file, executed when a login
+              The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when  a  login
               shell exits
        _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c
               Individual _r_e_a_d_l_i_n_e initialization file
@@ -5163,18 +5304,18 @@ AAUUTTHHOORRSS
        bfox@gnu.org
 
        Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University
-       chet@po.cwru.edu
+       chet.ramey@case.edu
 
 BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS
        If you find a bug in bbaasshh,, you should report it.  But first, you should
-       make  sure  that  it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
-       version  of  bbaasshh.   The  latest  version  is  always  available   from
+       make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears  in  the  latest
+       version   of  bbaasshh.   The  latest  version  is  always  available  from
        _f_t_p_:_/_/_f_t_p_._g_n_u_._o_r_g_/_p_u_b_/_b_a_s_h_/.
 
-       Once  you  have  determined that a bug actually exists, use the _b_a_s_h_b_u_g
-       command to submit a bug report.  If you have a fix, you are  encouraged
-       to  mail that as well!  Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may
-       be mailed  to  _b_u_g_-_b_a_s_h_@_g_n_u_._o_r_g  or  posted  to  the  Usenet  newsgroup
+       Once you have determined that a bug actually exists,  use  the  _b_a_s_h_b_u_g
+       command  to submit a bug report.  If you have a fix, you are encouraged
+       to mail that as well!  Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports  may
+       be  mailed  to  _b_u_g_-_b_a_s_h_@_g_n_u_._o_r_g  or  posted  to  the  Usenet newsgroup
        ggnnuu..bbaasshh..bbuugg.
 
        ALL bug reports should include:
@@ -5185,7 +5326,7 @@ BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS
        A description of the bug behaviour
        A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug
 
-       _b_a_s_h_b_u_g  inserts  the first three items automatically into the template
+       _b_a_s_h_b_u_g inserts the first three items automatically into  the  template
        it provides for filing a bug report.
 
        Comments and bug reports concerning this manual page should be directed
@@ -5202,10 +5343,10 @@ BBUUGGSS
        Shell builtin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.
 
        Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' are not
-       handled  gracefully  when  process  suspension  is  attempted.   When a
-       process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command  in
-       the  sequence.   It  suffices to place the sequence of commands between
-       parentheses to force it into a subshell, which  may  be  stopped  as  a
+       handled gracefully  when  process  suspension  is  attempted.   When  a
+       process  is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in
+       the sequence.  It suffices to place the sequence  of  commands  between
+       parentheses  to  force  it  into  a subshell, which may be stopped as a
        unit.
 
        Array variables may not (yet) be exported.
@@ -5214,4 +5355,4 @@ BBUUGGSS
 
 
 
-GNU Bash-4.0                   2008 December 29                        BASH(1)
+GNU Bash-4.1                   2009 December 29                        BASH(1)
diff --git a/doc/bash.1 b/doc/bash.1
index f0661400..1890b3c5 100644
--- a/doc/bash.1
+++ b/doc/bash.1
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
 .\"	Case Western Reserve University
 .\"	chet@po.cwru.edu
 .\"
-.\"	Last Change: Sat Feb  7 20:50:40 EST 2009
+.\"	Last Change: Tue Dec 29 15:36:16 EST 2009
 .\"
 .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
 .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
 .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2009 February 7" "GNU Bash-4.0"
+.TH BASH 1 "2009 December 29" "GNU Bash-4.1"
 .\"
 .\" There's some problem with having a `@'
 .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
@@ -429,8 +429,15 @@ If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
 real user (group) id, and the \fB\-p\fP option is not supplied, no startup
 files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, the
 .SM
-.B SHELLOPTS
-variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored,
+.BR SHELLOPTS ,
+.SM
+.BR BASHOPTS ,
+.SM
+.BR CDPATH ,
+and
+.SM
+.B GLOBIGNORE
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored,
 and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
 If the \fB\-p\fP option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is
 the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
@@ -677,6 +684,10 @@ Conditional operators such as \fB\-f\fP must be unquoted to be recognized
 as primaries.
 .if t .sp 0.5
 .if n .sp 1
+When used with \fB[[\fP, The \fB<\fP and \fB>\fP operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
 When the \fB==\fP and \fB!=\fP operators are used, the string to the
 right of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according
 to the rules described below under \fBPattern Matching\fP.
@@ -705,10 +716,18 @@ of alphabetic characters.
 Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force it to be matched as a
 string.
 Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular
-expression are saved in the array variable \fBBASH_REMATCH\fP.
-The element of \fBBASH_REMATCH\fP with index 0 is the portion of the string
+expression are saved in the array variable
+.SM
+.BR BASH_REMATCH .
+The element of
+.SM
+.B BASH_REMATCH
+with index 0 is the portion of the string
 matching the entire regular expression.
-The element of \fBBASH_REMATCH\fP with index \fIn\fP is the portion of the
+The element of
+.SM
+.B BASH_REMATCH
+with index \fIn\fP is the portion of the
 string matching the \fIn\fPth parenthesized subexpression.
 .if t .sp 0.5
 .if n .sp 1
@@ -752,7 +771,7 @@ operators do not evaluate \fIexpression2\fP if the value of
 the entire conditional expression.
 .RE
 .TP
-\fBfor\fP \fIname\fP [ \fBin\fP \fIword\fP ] ; \fBdo\fP \fIlist\fP ; \fBdone\fP
+\fBfor\fP \fIname\fP [ [ \fBin\fP [ \fIword ...\fP ] ] ; ] \fBdo\fP \fIlist\fP ; \fBdone\fP
 The list of words following \fBin\fP is expanded, generating a list
 of items.
 The variable \fIname\fP is set to each element of this list
@@ -787,6 +806,7 @@ error, each preceded by a number.  If the \fBin\fP
 .SM
 .B PARAMETERS
 below).  The
+.SM
 .B PS3
 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the standard input.
 If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of
@@ -797,6 +817,7 @@ are displayed again.  If EOF is read, the command completes.  Any
 other value read causes
 .I name
 to be set to null.  The line read is saved in the variable
+.SM
 .BR REPLY .
 The
 .I list
@@ -1049,6 +1070,8 @@ alert (bell)
 backspace
 .TP
 .B \ee
+.TP
+.B \eE
 an escape character
 .TP   
 .B \ef
@@ -1071,6 +1094,9 @@ backslash
 .TP
 .B \e\(aq
 single quote
+.TP
+.B \e\(dq
+double quote
 .TP   
 .B \e\fInnn\fP
 the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value \fInnn\fP
@@ -1088,8 +1114,8 @@ a control-\fIx\fP character
 The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had
 not been present.
 .PP
-A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign (\fB$\fP) will cause
-the string to be translated according to the current locale.
+A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign (\fB$\fP\(dq\fIstring\fP\(dq)
+will cause the string to be translated according to the current locale.
 If the current locale is \fBC\fP or \fBPOSIX\fP, the dollar sign
 is ignored.
 If the string is translated and replaced, the replacement is
@@ -1304,6 +1330,27 @@ The following variables are set by the shell:
 Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of
 .BR bash .
 .TP
+.B BASHOPTS
+A colon-separated list of enabled shell options.  Each word in
+the list is a valid argument for the
+.B \-s
+option to the
+.B shopt
+builtin command (see
+.SM
+.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
+below).  The options appearing in
+.SM
+.B BASHOPTS
+are those reported as
+.I on
+by \fBshopt\fP.
+If this variable is in the environment when
+.B bash
+starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
+reading any startup files.
+This variable is read-only.
+.TP
 .B BASHPID
 Expands to the process id of the current \fBbash\fP process.
 This differs from \fB$$\fP under certain circumstances, such as subshells
@@ -1322,9 +1369,12 @@ The number of
 parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or script executed
 with \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP) is at the top of the stack.
 When a subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed is pushed onto
-\fBBASH_ARGC\fP.
-The shell sets \fBBASH_ARGC\fP only when in extended debugging mode
-(see the description of the
+.SM
+.BR BASH_ARGC .
+The shell sets
+.SM
+.B BASH_ARGC
+only when in extended debugging mode (see the description of the
 .B extdebug
 option to the
 .B shopt
@@ -1335,8 +1385,13 @@ An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current \fBbash\fP
 execution call stack.  The final parameter of the last subroutine call
 is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is
 at the bottom.  When a subroutine is executed, the parameters supplied
-are pushed onto \fBBASH_ARGV\fP.
-The shell sets \fBBASH_ARGV\fP only when in extended debugging mode
+are pushed onto
+.SM
+.BR BASH_ARGV .
+The shell sets
+.SM
+.B BASH_ARGV
+only when in extended debugging mode
 (see the description of the
 .B extdebug
 option to the
@@ -1359,13 +1414,18 @@ The command argument to the \fB\-c\fP invocation option.
 .TP
 .B BASH_LINENO
 An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
-corresponding to each member of \fBFUNCNAME\fP.
+corresponding to each member of
+.SM
+.BR FUNCNAME .
 \fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP is the line number in the source
 file where \fB${FUNCNAME[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP was called
 (or \fB${BASH_LINENO[\fP\fI$i-1\fP\fB]}\fP if referenced within another
 shell function).
 The corresponding source file name is \fB${BASH_SOURCE[\fP\fI$i\fP\fB]}\fP.
-Use \fBLINENO\fP to obtain the current line number.
+Use
+.SM
+.B LINENO
+to obtain the current line number.
 .TP
 .B BASH_REMATCH
 An array variable whose members are assigned by the \fB=~\fP binary
@@ -1378,7 +1438,10 @@ This variable is read-only.
 .TP
 .B BASH_SOURCE
 An array variable whose members are the source filenames corresponding
-to the elements in the \fBFUNCNAME\fP array variable.
+to the elements in the
+.SM
+.B FUNCNAME
+array variable.
 .TP
 .B BASH_SUBSHELL
 Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment is spawned.
@@ -1409,7 +1472,9 @@ The build version.
 The release status (e.g., \fIbeta1\fP).
 .TP
 .B BASH_VERSINFO[\fR5\fP]
-The value of \fBMACHTYPE\fP.
+The value of
+.SM
+.BR MACHTYPE .
 .PD
 .RE
 .TP
@@ -1472,7 +1537,9 @@ subsequently reset.
 An array variable (see \fBArrays\fP below) consisting of the individual
 words in the current command line.
 The line is split into words as \fBreadline\fP would split it, using
-\fBCOMP_WORDBREAKS\fP as described above.
+.SM
+.B COMP_WORDBREAKS
+as described above.
 This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
 programmable completion facilities (see \fBProgrammable Completion\fP
 below).
@@ -1711,6 +1778,28 @@ A sample value is
 .if t \f(CW".:~:/usr"\fP.
 .if n ".:~:/usr".
 .TP
+.B BASH_XTRACEFD
+If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, \fBbash\fP
+will write the trace output generated when
+.if t \f(CWset -x\fP
+.if n \fIset -x\fP
+is enabled to that file descriptor.
+The file descriptor is closed when
+.SM
+.B BASH_XTRACEFD
+is unset or assigned a new value.
+Unsetting
+.SM
+.B BASH_XTRACEFD
+or assigning it the empty string causes the
+trace output to be sent to the standard error.
+Note that setting
+.SM
+.B BASH_XTRACEFD
+to 2 (the standard error file
+descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error
+being closed.
+.TP
 .B COLUMNS
 Used by the \fBselect\fP builtin command to determine the terminal width
 when printing selection lists.  Automatically set upon receipt of a SIGWINCH.
@@ -1775,12 +1864,17 @@ A value of
 causes all previous lines matching the current line to be removed from
 the history list before that line is saved.
 Any value not in the above list is ignored.
-If \fBHISTCONTROL\fP is unset, or does not include a valid value,
+If
+.SM
+.B HISTCONTROL
+is unset, or does not include a valid value,
 all lines read by the shell parser are saved on the history list,
 subject to the value of
+.SM
 .BR HISTIGNORE .
 The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
 not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
+.SM
 .BR HISTCONTROL .
 .TP
 .B HISTFILE
@@ -1804,6 +1898,7 @@ should be saved on the history list.  Each pattern is anchored at the
 beginning of the line and must match the complete line (no implicit
 `\fB*\fP' is appended).  Each pattern is tested against the line
 after the checks specified by
+.SM
 .B HISTCONTROL
 are applied.
 In addition to the normal shell pattern matching characters, `\fB&\fP'
@@ -1811,6 +1906,7 @@ matches the previous history line.  `\fB&\fP' may be escaped using a
 backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.
 The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
 not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
+.SM
 .BR HISTIGNORE .
 .TP
 .B HISTSIZE
@@ -1847,7 +1943,8 @@ adds the contents of the new file to the existing list.
 If
 .SM
 .B HOSTFILE
-is set, but has no value, \fBbash\fP attempts to read
+is set, but has no value, or does not name a readable file,
+\fBbash\fP attempts to read
 .FN /etc/hosts
 to obtain the list of possible hostname completions.
 When
@@ -1898,7 +1995,10 @@ Used to determine the locale category for any category not specifically
 selected with a variable starting with \fBLC_\fP.
 .TP
 .B LC_ALL
-This variable overrides the value of \fBLANG\fP and any other
+This variable overrides the value of
+.SM
+.B LANG
+and any other
 \fBLC_\fP variable specifying a locale category.
 .TP
 .B LC_COLLATE
@@ -1921,7 +2021,9 @@ This variable determines the locale category used for number formatting.
 .TP
 .B LINES
 Used by the \fBselect\fP builtin command to determine the column length
-for printing selection lists.  Automatically set upon receipt of a SIGWINCH.
+for printing selection lists.  Automatically set upon receipt of a
+.SM
+.BR SIGWINCH .
 .TP
 .B MAIL
 If this parameter is set to a file name and the
@@ -1977,8 +2079,10 @@ the shell looks for commands (see
 .SM
 .B COMMAND EXECUTION
 below).
-A zero-length (null) directory name in the value of \fBPATH\fP indicates the
-current directory.
+A zero-length (null) directory name in the value of
+.SM
+.B PATH
+indicates the current directory.
 A null directory name may appear as two adjacent colons, or as an initial
 or trailing colon.
 The default path is system-dependent,
@@ -2004,7 +2108,7 @@ prompt.
 .TP
 .B PROMPT_DIRTRIM
 If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of
-trailing directory components to retain when expanding the \fB\ew\fB and
+trailing directory components to retain when expanding the \fB\ew\fP and
 \fB\eW\fP prompt string escapes (see
 .SM
 .B PROMPTING
@@ -2019,6 +2123,7 @@ below) and used as the primary prompt string.  The default value is
 .TP
 .B PS2
 The value of this parameter is expanded as with
+.SM
 .B PS1
 and used as the secondary prompt string.  The default is
 ``\fB> \fP''.
@@ -2033,6 +2138,7 @@ above).
 .TP
 .B PS4
 The value of this parameter is expanded as with
+.SM
 .B PS1
 and the value is printed before each command
 .B bash
@@ -2096,10 +2202,16 @@ If the value is null, no timing information is displayed.
 A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed.
 .TP
 .B TMOUT
-If set to a value greater than zero, \fBTMOUT\fP is treated as the
+If set to a value greater than zero,
+.SM
+.B TMOUT
+is treated as the
 default timeout for the \fBread\fP builtin.
 The \fBselect\fP command terminates if input does not arrive
-after \fBTMOUT\fP seconds when input is coming from a terminal.
+after
+.SM
+.B TMOUT
+seconds when input is coming from a terminal.
 In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as the
 number of seconds to wait for input after issuing the primary prompt.
 .B Bash
@@ -2236,12 +2348,15 @@ ${\fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP]}.  If \fIsubscript\fP is \fB*\fP or
 Referencing an array variable without a subscript is equivalent to
 referencing the array with a subscript of 0.
 .PP
+An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a
+value.  The null string is a valid value.
+.PP
 The
 .B unset
 builtin is used to destroy arrays.  \fBunset\fP \fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP]
 destroys the array element at index \fIsubscript\fP.
-Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename
-generation.
+Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by pathname
+expansion.
 \fBunset\fP \fIname\fP, where \fIname\fP is an array, or
 \fBunset\fP \fIname\fP[\fIsubscript\fP], where
 \fIsubscript\fP is \fB*\fP or \fB@\fP, removes the entire array.
@@ -2473,7 +2588,7 @@ is followed by a character which is not to be
 interpreted as part of its name.
 .PD
 .PP
-If the first character of \fIparameter\fP is an exclamation point,
+If the first character of \fIparameter\fP is an exclamation point (\fB!\fP),
 a level of variable indirection is introduced.
 \fBBash\fP uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of
 \fIparameter\fP as the name of the variable; this variable is then
@@ -3021,7 +3136,7 @@ The special pattern characters have the following meanings:
 .B *
 Matches any string, including the null string.
 When the \fBglobstar\fP shell option is enabled, and \fB*\fP is used in
-a filename expansion context, two adjacent \fB*\fPs used as a single
+a pathname expansion context, two adjacent \fB*\fPs used as a single
 pattern will match all files and zero or more directories and
 subdirectories.
 If followed by a \fB/\fP, two adjacent \fB*\fPs will match only directories
@@ -3044,7 +3159,10 @@ or a
 .B ^
 then any character not enclosed is matched.
 The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
-the current locale and the value of the \fBLC_COLLATE\fP shell variable,
+the current locale and the value of the
+.SM
+.B LC_COLLATE
+shell variable,
 if set.
 A 
 .B \-
@@ -3143,6 +3261,14 @@ or may follow a
 Redirections are processed in the order they appear, from
 left to right.
 .PP
+Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number
+may instead be preceded by a word of the form {\fIvarname\fP}.
+In this case, for each redirection operator except
+>&- and <&-, the shell will allocate a file descriptor greater
+than 10 and assign it to \fIvarname\fP.  If >&- or <&- is preceded
+by {\fIvarname\fP}, the value of \fIvarname\fP defines the file
+descriptor to close.
+.PP
 In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is
 omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is
 .BR < ,
@@ -3578,9 +3704,10 @@ The first element of the
 .B FUNCNAME
 variable is set to the name of the function while the function
 is executing.
+.PP
 All other aspects of the shell execution
 environment are identical between a function and its caller
-with the exception that the
+with these exceptions:  the
 .SM
 .B DEBUG
 and
@@ -3597,7 +3724,12 @@ below) are not inherited unless the function has been given the
 builtin below) or the
 \fB\-o functrace\fP shell option has been enabled with
 the \fBset\fP builtin
-(in which case all functions inherit the \fBDEBUG\fP and \fBRETURN\fP traps).
+(in which case all functions inherit the \fBDEBUG\fP and \fBRETURN\fP traps),
+and the
+.SM
+.B ERR
+trap is not inherited unless the \fB\-o errtrace\fP shell option has
+been enabled.
 .PP
 Variables local to the function may be declared with the
 .B local
@@ -3759,6 +3891,10 @@ descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively, is checked.
 .PP
 Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow symbolic
 links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link itself.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+When used with \fB[[\fP, The \fB<\fP and \fB>\fP operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
 .sp 1
 .PD 0
 .TP
@@ -3862,19 +3998,21 @@ True if the length of
 is non-zero.
 .TP
 \fIstring1\fP \fB==\fP \fIstring2\fP
-True if the strings are equal.  \fB=\fP may be used in place of
-\fB==\fP for strict POSIX compliance.
+.PD 0
+.TP
+\fIstring1\fP \fB=\fP \fIstring2\fP
+.PD
+True if the strings are equal.  \fB=\fP should be used
+with the \fBtest\fP command for POSIX conformance.
 .TP
 \fIstring1\fP \fB!=\fP \fIstring2\fP
 True if the strings are not equal.
 .TP
 \fIstring1\fP \fB<\fP \fIstring2\fP
-True if \fIstring1\fP sorts before \fIstring2\fP lexicographically
-in the current locale.
+True if \fIstring1\fP sorts before \fIstring2\fP lexicographically.
 .TP
 \fIstring1\fP \fB>\fP \fIstring2\fP
-True if \fIstring1\fP sorts after \fIstring2\fP lexicographically
-in the current locale.
+True if \fIstring1\fP sorts after \fIstring2\fP lexicographically.
 .TP
 .I \fIarg1\fP \fBOP\fP \fIarg2\fP
 .SM
@@ -4005,7 +4143,7 @@ arguments, if any.
 .SH COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT
 The shell has an \fIexecution environment\fP, which consists of the
 following:
-.sp 1
+.if n .sp 1
 .IP \(bu
 open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
 redirections supplied to the \fBexec\fP builtin
@@ -4032,14 +4170,16 @@ options enabled by \fBshopt\fP
 shell aliases defined with \fBalias\fP
 .IP \(bu
 various process IDs, including those of background jobs, the value
-of \fB$$\fP, and the value of \fB$PPID\fP
+of \fB$$\fP, and the value of
+.SM
+.B PPID
 .PP
 When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function
 is to be executed, it
 is invoked in a separate execution environment that consists of
 the following.  Unless otherwise noted, the values are inherited
 from the shell.
-.sp 1
+.if n .sp 1
 .IP \(bu
 the shell's open files, plus any modifications and additions specified
 by redirections to the command
@@ -4255,7 +4395,7 @@ refers to the ability to selectively stop (\fIsuspend\fP)
 the execution of processes and continue (\fIresume\fP)
 their execution at a later point.  A user typically employs
 this facility via an interactive interface supplied jointly
-by the system's terminal driver and
+by the operating system kernel's terminal driver and
 .BR bash .
 .PP
 The shell associates a
@@ -4293,12 +4433,15 @@ These processes are said to be in the
 .I Background
 processes are those whose process group ID differs from the terminal's;
 such processes are immune to keyboard-generated signals.
-Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or write to the
-terminal.  Background processes which attempt to read from (write to) the
+Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or, if the
+user so specifies with \f(CWstty tostop\fP, write to the
+terminal.
+Background processes which attempt to read from (write to when
+\f(CWstty tostop\fP is in effect) the
 terminal are sent a 
 .SM
 .B SIGTTIN (SIGTTOU)
-signal by the terminal driver, 
+signal by the kernel's terminal driver, 
 which, unless caught, suspends the process.
 .PP
 If the operating system on which
@@ -4493,11 +4636,19 @@ the version of \fBbash\fP (e.g., 2.00)
 the release of \fBbash\fP, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
 .TP
 .B \ew
-the current working directory, with \fB$HOME\fP abbreviated with a tilde
-(uses the \fB$PROMPT_DIRTRIM\fP variable)
+the current working directory, with
+.SM
+.B $HOME
+abbreviated with a tilde
+(uses the value of the
+.SM
+.B PROMPT_DIRTRIM
+variable)
 .TP
 .B \eW
-the basename of the current working directory, with \fB$HOME\fP
+the basename of the current working directory, with
+.SM
+.B $HOME
 abbreviated with a tilde
 .TP
 .B \e!
@@ -4897,11 +5048,21 @@ can be set to either
 or
 .BR vi .
 .TP
+.B echo\-control\-characters (On)
+When set to \fBOn\fP, on operating systems that indicate they support it,
+readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal generated from the
+keyboard.
+.TP
 .B enable\-keypad (Off)
 When set to \fBOn\fP, readline will try to enable the application
 keypad when it is called.  Some systems need this to enable the
 arrow keys.
 .TP
+.B enable\-meta\-key (On)
+When set to \fBOn\fP, readline will try to enable any meta modifier
+key the terminal claims to support when it is called.  On many terminals,
+the meta key is used to send eight-bit characters.
+.TP
 .B expand\-tilde (Off)
 If set to \fBon\fP, tilde expansion is performed when readline
 attempts word completion.
@@ -5000,6 +5161,14 @@ possible partial completion (the possible completions don't share
 a common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately instead
 of ringing the bell.
 .TP
+.B skip\-completed\-text (Off)
+If set to \fBOn\fP, this alters the default completion behavior when
+inserting a single match into the line.  It's only active when
+performing completion in the middle of a word.  If enabled, readline
+does not insert characters from the completion that match characters
+after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word
+following the cursor are not duplicated.
+.TP
 .B visible\-stats (Off)
 If set to \fBOn\fP, a character denoting a file's type as reported
 by \fIstat\fP(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible
@@ -5484,6 +5653,11 @@ through the list.
 This command is intended to be bound to \fBTAB\fP, but is unbound
 by default.
 .TP
+.B menu\-complete-\backward
+Identical to \fBmenu\-complete\fP, but moves backward through the list
+of possible completions, as if \fBmenu\-complete\fP had been given a
+negative argument.  This command is unbound by default.
+.TP
 .B delete\-char\-or\-list
 Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
 end of the line (like \fBdelete\-char\fP).
@@ -5616,6 +5790,15 @@ character.  A negative count searches for previous occurrences.
 A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence of that
 character.  A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences.
 .TP
+.B skip\-csi\-sequence ()
+Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those
+defined for keys like Home and End.  Such sequences begin with a
+Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC\-[.  If this sequence is
+bound to "\e[", keys producing such sequences will have no effect
+unless explicitly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting
+stray characters into the editing buffer.  This is unbound by default,
+but usually bound to ESC\-[.
+.TP
 .B insert\-comment (M\-#)
 Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline
 .B comment\-begin
@@ -5682,12 +5865,17 @@ using the \fBcomplete\fP builtin (see
 below), the programmable completion facilities are invoked.
 .PP
 First, the command name is identified.
+If the command word is the empty string (completion attempted at the
+beginning of an empty line), any compspec defined with
+the \fB\-E\fP option to \fBcomplete\fP is used.
 If a compspec has been defined for that command, the
 compspec is used to generate the list of possible completions for the word.
 If the command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full
 pathname is searched for first.
 If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to
 find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+If those searches to not result in a compspec, any compspec defined with
+the \fB\-D\fP option to \fBcomplete\fP is used as the default.
 .PP
 Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
 matching words.
@@ -5707,7 +5895,7 @@ variable
 .B FIGNORE
 is used to filter the matches.
 .PP
-Any completions specified by a filename expansion pattern to the
+Any completions specified by a pathname expansion pattern to the
 \fB\-G\fP option are generated next.
 The words generated by the pattern need not match the word
 being completed.
@@ -5820,6 +6008,35 @@ the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
 to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to  
 the value of the \fBmark\-directories\fP readline variable, regardless
 of the setting of the \fBmark-symlinked\-directories\fP readline variable.
+.PP
+There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.  This is
+most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified
+with \fBcomplete -D\fP.
+It's possible for shell functions executed as completion
+handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an
+exit status of 124.  If a shell function returns 124, and changes
+the compspec associated with the command on which completion is being
+attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is executed),
+programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
+attempt to find a compspec for that command.  This allows a set of
+completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather than
+being loaded all at once.
+.PP
+For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a
+file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default
+completion function would load completions dynamically:
+.PP
+\f(CW_completion_loader()
+.br
+{
+.br
+	. "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
+.br
+}
+.br
+complete -D -F _completion_loader
+.br
+\fP
 .SH HISTORY
 When the
 .B \-o history
@@ -5828,7 +6045,10 @@ option to the
 builtin is enabled, the shell provides access to the
 \fIcommand history\fP,
 the list of commands previously typed.
-The value of the \fBHISTSIZE\fP variable is used as the
+The value of the
+.SM
+.B HISTSIZE
+variable is used as the
 number of commands to save in a history list.
 The text of the last
 .SM
@@ -5888,7 +6108,7 @@ is unset, or if the history file is unwritable, the history is
 not saved.
 If the
 .SM
-.HISTTIMEFORMAT
+.B HISTTIMEFORMAT
 variable is set, time stamps are written to the history file, marked
 with the history comment character, so
 they may be preserved across shell sessions.
@@ -5994,7 +6214,7 @@ If the
 .B histverify
 shell option is enabled (see the description of the
 .B shopt
-builtin), and
+builtin below), and
 .B readline
 is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to
 the shell parser.
@@ -6218,8 +6438,14 @@ section as accepting options preceded by
 accepts
 .B \-\-
 to signify the end of the options.
-For example, the \fB:\fP, \fBtrue\fP, \fBfalse\fP, and \fBtest\fP builtins
-do not accept options.
+The \fB:\fP, \fBtrue\fP, \fBfalse\fP, and \fBtest\fP builtins
+do not accept options and do not treat \fB\-\-\fP specially.
+The \fBexit\fP, \fBlogout\fP, \fBbreak\fP, \fBcontinue\fP, \fBlet\fP,
+and \fBshift\fP builtins accept and process arguments beginning with
+\fB\-\fP without requiring \fB\-\-\fP.
+Other builtins that accept arguments but are not specified as accepting
+options interpret arguments beginning with \fB\-\fP as invalid options and
+require \fB\-\-\fP to prevent this interpretation.
 .sp .5
 .PD 0
 .TP
@@ -6381,13 +6607,17 @@ Remove any current binding for \fIkeyseq\fP.
 Cause \fIshell\-command\fP to be executed whenever \fIkeyseq\fP is
 entered.
 When \fIshell\-command\fP is executed, the shell sets the
+.SM
 .B READLINE_LINE
 variable to the contents of the \fBreadline\fP line buffer and the
+.SM
 .B READLINE_POINT
 variable to the current location of the insertion point.
 If the executed command changes the value of
+.SM
 .B READLINE_LINE
 or
+.SM
 .BR READLINE_POINT ,
 those new values will be reflected in the editing state.
 .PD
@@ -6475,7 +6705,10 @@ option forces symbolic links to be followed.  An argument of
 is equivalent to
 .SM
 .BR $OLDPWD .
-If a non-empty directory name from \fBCDPATH\fP is used, or if
+If a non-empty directory name from
+.SM
+.B CDPATH
+is used, or if
 \fB\-\fP is the first argument, and the directory change is
 successful, the absolute pathname of the new working directory is
 written to the standard output.
@@ -6496,6 +6729,7 @@ are executed.  If the
 option is given, the search for
 .I command
 is performed using a default value for
+.SM
 .B PATH
 that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities.
 If either the
@@ -6545,12 +6779,12 @@ will be displayed.
 The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, or no
 matches were generated.
 .TP
-\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-E\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
+\fBcomplete\fP [\fB\-abcdefgjksuv\fP] [\fB\-o\fP \fIcomp-option\fP] [\fB\-DE\fP] [\fB\-A\fP \fIaction\fP] [\fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP] [\fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP] [\fB\-F\fP \fIfunction\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcommand\fP]
 .br
 [\fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP] [\fB\-P\fP \fIprefix\fP] [\fB\-S\fP \fIsuffix\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname ...\fP]
 .PD 0
 .TP
-\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fB\-E\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
+\fBcomplete\fP \fB\-pr\fP [\fB\-DE\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
 .PD
 Specify how arguments to each \fIname\fP should be completed.
 If the \fB\-p\fP option is supplied, or if no options are supplied,
@@ -6559,6 +6793,9 @@ them to be reused as input.
 The \fB\-r\fP option removes a completion specification for
 each \fIname\fP, or, if no \fIname\fPs are supplied, all
 completion specifications.
+The \fB\-D\fP option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
 The \fB\-E\fP option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
 apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
 blank line.
@@ -6690,7 +6927,7 @@ Names of all shell variables.  May also be specified as \fB\-v\fP.
 .RE
 .TP 8
 \fB\-G\fP \fIglobpat\fP
-The filename expansion pattern \fIglobpat\fP is expanded to generate
+The pathname expansion pattern \fIglobpat\fP is expanded to generate
 the possible completions.
 .TP 8
 \fB\-W\fP \fIwordlist\fP
@@ -6715,7 +6952,7 @@ of the
 array variable.
 .TP 8
 \fB\-X\fP \fIfilterpat\fP
-\fIfilterpat\fP is a pattern as used for filename expansion.
+\fIfilterpat\fP is a pattern as used for pathname expansion.
 It is applied to the list of possible completions generated by the
 preceding options and arguments, and each completion matching
 \fIfilterpat\fP is removed from the list.
@@ -6738,7 +6975,7 @@ a \fIname\fP for which no specification exists, or
 an error occurs adding a completion specification.
 .RE
 .TP
-\fBcompopt\fP [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fB+o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fIname\fP]
+\fBcompopt\fP [\fB\-o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fB\-DE\fP] [\fB+o\fP \fIoption\fP] [\fIname\fP]
 Modify completion options for each \fIname\fP according to the
 \fIoption\fPs, or for the
 currently-execution completion if no \fIname\fPs are supplied.
@@ -6746,6 +6983,12 @@ If no \fIoption\fPs are given, display the completion options for each
 \fIname\fP or the current completion.
 The possible values of \fIoption\fP are those valid for the \fBcomplete\fP
 builtin described above.
+The \fB\-D\fP option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
+The \fB\-E\fP option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
 .PP
 The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt
 is made to modify the options for a \fIname\fP for which no completion
@@ -6823,8 +7066,8 @@ Use function names only.
 .B \-i
 The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evaluation (see
 .SM
-.B "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION" ") "
-is performed when the variable is assigned a value.
+.B "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION"
+above) is performed when the variable is assigned a value.
 .TP
 .B \-l
 When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case characters are
@@ -6853,7 +7096,7 @@ Mark \fIname\fPs for export to subsequent commands via the environment.
 Using `+' instead of `\-'
 turns off the attribute instead,
 with the exceptions that \fB+a\fP
-may not be used to destroy an array variable and \fB+r\fB will not
+may not be used to destroy an array variable and \fB+r\fP will not
 remove the readonly attribute.
 When used in a function,
 makes each
@@ -6926,7 +7169,7 @@ Without options, each
 is removed from the table of active jobs.
 If
 .I jobspec
-is not present, and neither \fB\-a\fB nor \fB\-r\fP is supplied,
+is not present, and neither \fB\-a\fP nor \fB\-r\fP is supplied,
 the shell's notion of the \fIcurrent job\fP is used.
 If the \fB\-h\fP option is given, each
 .I jobspec
@@ -7295,7 +7538,9 @@ is to be used.
 .sp 1
 When the end of options is encountered, \fBgetopts\fP exits with a
 return value greater than zero.
-\fBOPTIND\fP is set to the index of the first non-option argument,
+.SM
+.B OPTIND
+is set to the index of the first non-option argument,
 and \fBname\fP is set to ?.
 .sp 1
 .B getopts
@@ -7407,7 +7652,7 @@ is printed.
 .B \-d
 Display a short description of each \fIpattern\fP
 .TP
-.B \ -m
+.B \-m
 Display the description of each \fIpattern\fP in a manpage-like format
 .TP
 .B \-s
@@ -7439,7 +7684,10 @@ have been modified.  An argument of
 lists only the last
 .I n
 lines.
-If the shell variable \fBHISTTIMEFORMAT\fP is set and not null,
+If the shell variable
+.SM
+.B HISTTIMEFORMAT
+is set and not null,
 it is used as a format string for \fIstrftime\fP(3) to display
 the time stamp associated with each displayed history entry.
 No intervening blank is printed between the formatted time stamp
@@ -7491,7 +7739,10 @@ history list is removed before the
 are added.
 .PD
 .PP
-If the \fBHISTTIMEFORMAT\fP is set, the time stamp information
+If the
+.SM
+.B HISTTIMEFORMAT
+variable is set, the time stamp information
 associated with each history entry is written to the history file,
 marked with the history comment character.
 When the history file is read, lines beginning with the history
@@ -7606,7 +7857,8 @@ Each
 .I arg
 is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see
 .SM
-.BR "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION" ).
+.B "ARITHMETIC EVALUATION"
+above).
 If the last
 .I arg
 evaluates to 0,
@@ -7644,14 +7896,17 @@ Exit a login shell.
 .TP
 \fBreadarray\fP [\fB\-n\fP \fIcount\fP] [\fB\-O\fP \fIorigin\fP] [\fB\-s\fP \fIcount\fP] [\fB\-t\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fB\-C\fP \fIcallback\fP] [\fB\-c\fP \fIquantum\fP] [\fIarray\fP]
 .PD
-Read lines from the standard input into array variable
+Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
 .IR array ,
 or from file descriptor 
 .IR fd
 if the 
 .B \-u
 option is supplied.
-The variable \fBMAPFILE\fP is the default \fIarray\fP.
+The variable
+.SM
+.B MAPFILE
+is the default \fIarray\fP.
 Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
 .RS
 .PD 0
@@ -7672,7 +7927,7 @@ The default index is 0.
 Discard the first \fIcount\fP lines read.
 .TP
 .B \-t
-Remove a trailing line from each line read.
+Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
 .TP
 .B \-u
 Read lines from file descriptor \fIfd\fP instead of the standard input.
@@ -7702,7 +7957,8 @@ If not supplied with an explicit origin, \fBmapfile\fP will clear \fIarray\fP
 before assigning to it.
 .PP
 \fBmapfile\fP returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
-argument is supplied, or \fIarray\fP is invalid or unassignable.
+argument is supplied, \fIarray\fP is invalid or unassignable, or if
+\fIarray\fP is not an indexed array.
 .RE
 .TP
 \fBpopd\fP [\-\fBn\fP] [+\fIn\fP] [\-\fIn\fP]
@@ -7849,7 +8105,7 @@ The return status is 0 unless an error occurs while
 reading the name of the current directory or an
 invalid option is supplied.
 .TP
-\fBread\fP [\fB\-ers\fP] [\fB\-a\fP \fIaname\fP] [\fB\-d\fP \fIdelim\fP] [\fB\-i\fP \fItext\fP] [\fB\-n\fP \fInchars\fP] [\fB\-p\fP \fIprompt\fP] [\fB\-t\fP \fItimeout\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
+\fBread\fP [\fB\-ers\fP] [\fB\-a\fP \fIaname\fP] [\fB\-d\fP \fIdelim\fP] [\fB\-i\fP \fItext\fP] [\fB\-n\fP \fInchars\fP] [\fB\-N\fP \fInchars\fP] [\fB\-p\fP \fIprompt\fP] [\fB\-t\fP \fItimeout\fP] [\fB\-u\fP \fIfd\fP] [\fIname\fP ...]
 One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
 \fIfd\fP supplied as an argument to the \fB\-u\fP option, and the first word
 is assigned to the first
@@ -7903,7 +8159,16 @@ buffer before editing begins.
 .TP
 .B \-n \fInchars\fP
 \fBread\fP returns after reading \fInchars\fP characters rather than
-waiting for a complete line of input.
+waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter if fewer
+than \fInchars\fP characters are read before the delimiter.
+.TP
+.B \-N \fInchars\fP
+\fBread\fP returns after reading exactly \fInchars\fP characters rather
+than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or
+\fBread\fP times out.
+Delimiter characters encountered in the input are
+not treated specially and do not cause \fBread\fP to return until
+\fInchars\fP characters are read.
 .TP
 .B \-p \fIprompt\fP
 Display \fIprompt\fP on standard error, without a
@@ -8062,6 +8327,7 @@ being inverted with
 A trap on \fBERR\fP, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
 This option applies to the shell environment and each subshell environment
 separately (see
+.SM
 .B "COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT"
 above), and may cause
 subshells to exit before executing all the commands in the subshell.
@@ -8113,6 +8379,10 @@ with the
 option.
 This also affects the editing interface used for \fBread \-e\fP.
 .TP 8
+.B errexit
+Same as
+.BR \-e .
+.TP 8
 .B errtrace
 Same as
 .BR \-E .
@@ -8121,10 +8391,6 @@ Same as
 Same as
 .BR \-T .
 .TP 8
-.B errexit
-Same as
-.BR \-e .
-.TP 8
 .B hashall
 Same as
 .BR \-h .
@@ -8241,8 +8507,12 @@ files are not processed, shell functions are not inherited from the
 environment, and the
 .SM
 .BR SHELLOPTS ,
+.SM
+.BR BASHOPTS ,
+.SM
 .BR CDPATH ,
 and
+.SM
 .B GLOBIGNORE
 variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored.
 If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
@@ -8455,7 +8725,10 @@ longer exists, a normal path search is performed.
 If set, \fBbash\fP lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before
 exiting an interactive shell.  If any jobs are running, this causes
 the exit to be deferred until a second exit is attempted without an
-intervening command (see \fBJOB CONTROL\fP above).  The shell always
+intervening command (see
+.SM
+.B "JOB CONTROL"
+above).  The shell always
 postpones exiting if any jobs are stopped.
 .TP 8
 .B checkwinsize
@@ -8480,6 +8753,19 @@ If set,
 changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted
 arguments to the conditional command's =~ operator.
 .TP 8
+.B compat32
+If set,
+.B bash
+changes its behavior to that of version 3.2 with respect to locale-specific
+string comparison when using the conditional command's < and > operators.
+.TP 8
+.B compat40
+If set,
+.B bash
+changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 with respect to locale-specific
+string comparison when using the conditional command's < and > operators
+and the effect of interrupting a command list.
+.TP 8
 .B dirspell
 If set,
 .B bash
@@ -8526,8 +8812,12 @@ executed by the \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins), a call to
 \fBreturn\fP is simulated.
 .TP
 .B 4.
-\fBBASH_ARGC\fP and \fBBASH_ARGV\fP are updated as described in their
-descriptions above.
+.SM
+.B BASH_ARGC
+and
+.SM
+.B BASH_ARGV
+are updated as described in their descriptions above.
 .TP
 .B 5.
 Function tracing is enabled:  command substitution, shell functions, and
@@ -8554,17 +8844,22 @@ If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during pathname expansion
 result in an expansion error.
 .TP 8
 .B force_fignore
-If set, the suffixes specified by the \fBFIGNORE\fP shell variable
+If set, the suffixes specified by the
+.SM
+.B FIGNORE
+shell variable
 cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if
 the ignored words are the only possible completions.
 See
 .SM
 \fBSHELL VARIABLES\fP
-above for a description of \fBFIGNORE\fP.
+above for a description of
+.SM
+.BR FIGNORE .
 This option is enabled by default.
 .TP 8
 .B globstar
-If set, the pattern \fB**\fP used in a filename expansion context will
+If set, the pattern \fB**\fP used in a pathname expansion context will
 match a files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
 If the pattern is followed by a \fB/\fP, only directories and
 subdirectories match.
@@ -8576,6 +8871,7 @@ message format.
 .B histappend
 If set, the history list is appended to the file named by the value
 of the
+.SM
 .B HISTFILE
 variable when the shell exits, rather than overwriting the file.
 .TP 8
@@ -8642,7 +8938,10 @@ If set, and
 .B readline
 is being used,
 .B bash
-will not attempt to search the \fBPATH\fP for possible completions when
+will not attempt to search the
+.SM
+.B PATH
+for possible completions when
 completion is attempted on an empty line.
 .TP 8
 .B nocaseglob
@@ -8859,6 +9158,8 @@ Each
 is either
 a signal name defined in <\fIsignal.h\fP>, or a signal number.
 Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
 If a
 .I sigspec
 is
@@ -8886,6 +9187,17 @@ If a
 .I sigspec
 is
 .SM
+.BR RETURN ,
+the command
+.I arg
+is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the
+\fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins finishes executing.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
+If a
+.I sigspec
+is
+.SM
 .BR ERR ,
 the command
 .I arg
@@ -8910,18 +9222,11 @@ list, or if the command's return value is
 being inverted via
 .BR ! .
 These are the same conditions obeyed by the \fBerrexit\fP option.
-If a
-.I sigspec
-is
-.SM
-.BR RETURN ,
-the command
-.I arg
-is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the
-\fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins finishes executing.
+.if t .sp 0.5
+.if n .sp 1
 Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
 Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original
-values in a child process when it is created.
+values in a subshell or subshell environment when one is created.
 The return status is false if any
 .I sigspec
 is invalid; otherwise
@@ -9167,6 +9472,8 @@ Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
 passed to subsequent commands.
 If any of
 .SM
+.BR COMP_WORDBREAKS ,
+.SM
 .BR RANDOM ,
 .SM
 .BR SECONDS ,
@@ -9223,10 +9530,14 @@ with the exception that the following are disallowed or not performed:
 changing directories with \fBcd\fP
 .IP \(bu
 setting or unsetting the values of
+.SM
 .BR SHELL ,
+.SM
 .BR PATH ,
+.SM
 .BR ENV ,
 or
+.SM
 .B BASH_ENV
 .IP \(bu
 specifying command names containing
@@ -9246,7 +9557,10 @@ builtin command
 .IP \(bu
 importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup
 .IP \(bu
-parsing the value of \fBSHELLOPTS\fP from the shell environment at startup
+parsing the value of
+.SM
+.B SHELLOPTS
+from the shell environment at startup
 .IP \(bu
 redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators
 .IP \(bu
diff --git a/doc/bash.html b/doc/bash.html
index 48417644..2aa28257 100644
--- a/doc/bash.html
+++ b/doc/bash.html
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 </HEAD>
 <BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
 <TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 December 29<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 December 29<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
 </TR>
 </TABLE>
 <BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
@@ -555,10 +555,20 @@ or allow them to be specified.
 If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
 real user (group) id, and the <B>-p</B> option is not supplied, no startup
 files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment, the
-<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELLOPTS</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELLOPTS</B>,
+
+</FONT>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASHOPTS</B>,
+
+</FONT>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>CDPATH</B>,
 
 </FONT>
-variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored,
+and
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>GLOBIGNORE</B>
+
+</FONT>
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored,
 and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
 If the <B>-p</B> option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is
 the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
@@ -895,6 +905,11 @@ as primaries.
 <P>
 
 
+When used with <B>[[</B>, The <B>&lt;</B> and <B>&gt;</B> operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+<P>
+
+
 When the <B>==</B> and <B>!=</B> operators are used, the string to the
 right of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according
 to the rules described below under <B>Pattern Matching</B>.
@@ -926,10 +941,21 @@ of alphabetic characters.
 Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force it to be matched as a
 string.
 Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular
-expression are saved in the array variable <B>BASH_REMATCH</B>.
-The element of <B>BASH_REMATCH</B> with index 0 is the portion of the string
+expression are saved in the array variable
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_REMATCH</B>.
+
+</FONT>
+The element of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_REMATCH</B>
+
+</FONT>
+with index 0 is the portion of the string
 matching the entire regular expression.
-The element of <B>BASH_REMATCH</B> with index <I>n</I> is the portion of the
+The element of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_REMATCH</B>
+
+</FONT>
+with index <I>n</I> is the portion of the
 string matching the <I>n</I>th parenthesized subexpression.
 <P>
 
@@ -984,7 +1010,7 @@ operators do not evaluate <I>expression2</I> if the value of
 the entire conditional expression.
 </DL>
 
-<DT><B>for</B> <I>name</I> [ <B>in</B> <I>word</I> ] ; <B>do</B> <I>list</I> ; <B>done</B><DD>
+<DT><B>for</B> <I>name</I> [ [ <B>in</B> [ <I>word ...</I> ] ] ; ] <B>do</B> <I>list</I> ; <B>done</B><DD>
 The list of words following <B>in</B> is expanded, generating a list
 of items.
 The variable <I>name</I> is set to each element of this list
@@ -1020,8 +1046,9 @@ error, each preceded by a number.  If the <B>in</B>
 
 </FONT>
 below).  The
-<B>PS3</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PS3</B>
 
+</FONT>
 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the standard input.
 If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of
 the displayed words, then the value of
@@ -1033,8 +1060,9 @@ other value read causes
 <I>name</I>
 
 to be set to null.  The line read is saved in the variable
-<B>REPLY</B>.
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>REPLY</B>.
 
+</FONT>
 The
 <I>list</I>
 
@@ -1352,6 +1380,9 @@ backspace
 <DT><B>\e</B>
 
 <DD>
+<DT><B>\E</B>
+
+<DD>
 an escape character
 <DT><B>\f</B>
 
@@ -1381,6 +1412,10 @@ backslash
 
 <DD>
 single quote
+<DT><B>\dq</B>
+
+<DD>
+double quote
 <DT><B>\</B><I>nnn</I>
 
 <DD>
@@ -1404,8 +1439,8 @@ The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had
 not been present.
 <P>
 
-A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign (<B>$</B>) will cause
-the string to be translated according to the current locale.
+A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign (<B>$</B>dq<I>string</I>dq)
+will cause the string to be translated according to the current locale.
 If the current locale is <B>C</B> or <B>POSIX</B>, the dollar sign
 is ignored.
 If the string is translated and replaced, the replacement is
@@ -1695,6 +1730,34 @@ The following variables are set by the shell:
 Expands to the full file name used to invoke this instance of
 <B>bash</B>.
 
+<DT><B>BASHOPTS</B>
+
+<DD>
+A colon-separated list of enabled shell options.  Each word in
+the list is a valid argument for the
+<B>-s</B>
+
+option to the
+<B>shopt</B>
+
+builtin command (see
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS</B>
+
+</FONT>
+below).  The options appearing in
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASHOPTS</B>
+
+</FONT>
+are those reported as
+<I>on</I>
+
+by <B>shopt</B>.
+If this variable is in the environment when
+<B>bash</B>
+
+starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
+reading any startup files.
+This variable is read-only.
 <DT><B>BASHPID</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -1717,9 +1780,14 @@ The number of
 parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or script executed
 with <B>.</B> or <B>source</B>) is at the top of the stack.
 When a subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed is pushed onto
-<B>BASH_ARGC</B>.
-The shell sets <B>BASH_ARGC</B> only when in extended debugging mode
-(see the description of the
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_ARGC</B>.
+
+</FONT>
+The shell sets
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_ARGC</B>
+
+</FONT>
+only when in extended debugging mode (see the description of the
 <B>extdebug</B>
 
 option to the
@@ -1733,8 +1801,15 @@ An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current <B>bash</B>
 execution call stack.  The final parameter of the last subroutine call
 is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is
 at the bottom.  When a subroutine is executed, the parameters supplied
-are pushed onto <B>BASH_ARGV</B>.
-The shell sets <B>BASH_ARGV</B> only when in extended debugging mode
+are pushed onto
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_ARGV</B>.
+
+</FONT>
+The shell sets
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_ARGV</B>
+
+</FONT>
+only when in extended debugging mode
 (see the description of the
 <B>extdebug</B>
 
@@ -1763,13 +1838,20 @@ The command argument to the <B>-c</B> invocation option.
 
 <DD>
 An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
-corresponding to each member of <B>FUNCNAME</B>.
+corresponding to each member of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>FUNCNAME</B>.
+
+</FONT>
 <B>${BASH_LINENO[</B><I>$i</I><B>]}</B> is the line number in the source
 file where <B>${FUNCNAME[</B><I>$i</I><B>]}</B> was called
 (or <B>${BASH_LINENO[</B><I>$i-1</I><B>]}</B> if referenced within another
 shell function).
-The corresponding source file name is <B>${BASH_SOURCE[</B><I>$i</I><B>]}.
-Use LINENO</B> to obtain the current line number.
+The corresponding source file name is <B>${BASH_SOURCE[</B><I>$i</I><B>]}</B>.
+Use
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>LINENO</B>
+
+</FONT>
+to obtain the current line number.
 <DT><B>BASH_REMATCH</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -1784,7 +1866,11 @@ This variable is read-only.
 
 <DD>
 An array variable whose members are the source filenames corresponding
-to the elements in the <B>FUNCNAME</B> array variable.
+to the elements in the
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>FUNCNAME</B>
+
+</FONT>
+array variable.
 <DT><B>BASH_SUBSHELL</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -1825,7 +1911,10 @@ The release status (e.g., <I>beta1</I>).
 <DT><B>BASH_VERSINFO[</B>5]
 
 <DD>
-The value of <B>MACHTYPE</B>.
+The value of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>MACHTYPE</B>.
+
+</FONT>
 
 </DL></DL>
 
@@ -1885,7 +1974,7 @@ below).
 <DT><B>COMP_WORDBREAKS</B>
 
 <DD>
-The set of characters that the Readline library treats as word
+The set of characters that the <B>readline</B> library treats as word
 separators when performing word completion.
 If
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>COMP_WORDBREAKS</B>
@@ -1898,8 +1987,11 @@ subsequently reset.
 <DD>
 An array variable (see <B>Arrays</B> below) consisting of the individual
 words in the current command line.
-The words are split on shell metacharacters as the shell parser would
-separate them.
+The line is split into words as <B>readline</B> would split it, using
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>COMP_WORDBREAKS</B>
+
+</FONT>
+as described above.
 This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
 programmable completion facilities (see <B>Programmable Completion</B>
 below).
@@ -2204,6 +2296,32 @@ command.
 A sample value is
 <TT>&quot;.:~:/usr&quot;</TT>.
 
+<DT><B>BASH_XTRACEFD</B>
+
+<DD>
+If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, <B>bash</B>
+will write the trace output generated when
+<TT>set -x</TT>
+
+is enabled to that file descriptor.
+The file descriptor is closed when
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_XTRACEFD</B>
+
+</FONT>
+is unset or assigned a new value.
+Unsetting
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_XTRACEFD</B>
+
+</FONT>
+or assigning it the empty string causes the
+trace output to be sent to the standard error.
+Note that setting
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_XTRACEFD</B>
+
+</FONT>
+to 2 (the standard error file
+descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error
+being closed.
 <DT><B>COLUMNS</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -2285,15 +2403,21 @@ A value of
 causes all previous lines matching the current line to be removed from
 the history list before that line is saved.
 Any value not in the above list is ignored.
-If <B>HISTCONTROL</B> is unset, or does not include a valid value,
+If
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTCONTROL</B>
+
+</FONT>
+is unset, or does not include a valid value,
 all lines read by the shell parser are saved on the history list,
 subject to the value of
-<B>HISTIGNORE</B>.
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTIGNORE</B>.
 
+</FONT>
 The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
 not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
-<B>HISTCONTROL</B>.
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTCONTROL</B>.
 
+</FONT>
 <DT><B>HISTFILE</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -2320,16 +2444,18 @@ should be saved on the history list.  Each pattern is anchored at the
 beginning of the line and must match the complete line (no implicit
 `<B>*</B>' is appended).  Each pattern is tested against the line
 after the checks specified by
-<B>HISTCONTROL</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTCONTROL</B>
 
+</FONT>
 are applied.
 In addition to the normal shell pattern matching characters, `<B>&amp;</B>'
 matches the previous history line.  `<B>&amp;</B>' may be escaped using a
 backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.
 The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
 not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
-<B>HISTIGNORE</B>.
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTIGNORE</B>.
 
+</FONT>
 <DT><B>HISTSIZE</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -2374,7 +2500,8 @@ If
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>HOSTFILE</B>
 
 </FONT>
-is set, but has no value, <B>bash</B> attempts to read
+is set, but has no value, or does not name a readable file,
+<B>bash</B> attempts to read
 
 <I>/etc/hosts</I>
 
@@ -2443,7 +2570,11 @@ selected with a variable starting with <B>LC_</B>.
 <DT><B>LC_ALL</B>
 
 <DD>
-This variable overrides the value of <B>LANG</B> and any other
+This variable overrides the value of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>LANG</B>
+
+</FONT>
+and any other
 <B>LC_</B> variable specifying a locale category.
 <DT><B>LC_COLLATE</B>
 
@@ -2471,7 +2602,10 @@ This variable determines the locale category used for number formatting.
 
 <DD>
 Used by the <B>select</B> builtin command to determine the column length
-for printing selection lists.  Automatically set upon receipt of a SIGWINCH.
+for printing selection lists.  Automatically set upon receipt of a
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGWINCH</B>.
+
+</FONT>
 <DT><B>MAIL</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -2544,8 +2678,11 @@ the shell looks for commands (see
 
 </FONT>
 below).
-A zero-length (null) directory name in the value of <B>PATH</B> indicates the
-current directory.
+A zero-length (null) directory name in the value of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PATH</B>
+
+</FONT>
+indicates the current directory.
 A null directory name may appear as two adjacent colons, or as an initial
 or trailing colon.
 The default path is system-dependent,
@@ -2576,8 +2713,8 @@ prompt.
 
 <DD>
 If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of
-trailing directory components to retain when expanding the <B>\w and
-\W</B> prompt string escapes (see
+trailing directory components to retain when expanding the <B>\w</B> and
+<B>\W</B> prompt string escapes (see
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>PROMPTING</B>
 
 </FONT>
@@ -2595,8 +2732,9 @@ below) and used as the primary prompt string.  The default value is
 
 <DD>
 The value of this parameter is expanded as with
-<B>PS1</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PS1</B>
 
+</FONT>
 and used as the secondary prompt string.  The default is
 ``<B>&gt; </B>''.
 <DT><B>PS3</B>
@@ -2614,8 +2752,9 @@ above).
 
 <DD>
 The value of this parameter is expanded as with
-<B>PS1</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PS1</B>
 
+</FONT>
 and the value is printed before each command
 <B>bash</B>
 
@@ -2692,10 +2831,18 @@ A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed.
 <DT><B>TMOUT</B>
 
 <DD>
-If set to a value greater than zero, <B>TMOUT</B> is treated as the
+If set to a value greater than zero,
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>TMOUT</B>
+
+</FONT>
+is treated as the
 default timeout for the <B>read</B> builtin.
 The <B>select</B> command terminates if input does not arrive
-after <B>TMOUT</B> seconds when input is coming from a terminal.
+after
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>TMOUT</B>
+
+</FONT>
+seconds when input is coming from a terminal.
 In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as the
 number of seconds to wait for input after issuing the primary prompt.
 <B>Bash</B>
@@ -2866,13 +3013,17 @@ Referencing an array variable without a subscript is equivalent to
 referencing the array with a subscript of 0.
 <P>
 
+An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a
+value.  The null string is a valid value.
+<P>
+
 The
 <B>unset</B>
 
 builtin is used to destroy arrays.  <B>unset</B> <I>name</I>[<I>subscript</I>]
 destroys the array element at index <I>subscript</I>.
-Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename
-generation.
+Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by pathname
+expansion.
 <B>unset</B> <I>name</I>, where <I>name</I> is an array, or
 <B>unset</B> <I>name</I>[<I>subscript</I>], where
 <I>subscript</I> is <B>*</B> or <B>@</B>, removes the entire array.
@@ -3180,7 +3331,7 @@ interpreted as part of its name.
 </DL>
 <P>
 
-If the first character of <I>parameter</I> is an exclamation point,
+If the first character of <I>parameter</I> is an exclamation point (<B>!</B>),
 a level of variable indirection is introduced.
 <B>Bash</B> uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of
 <I>parameter</I> as the name of the variable; this variable is then
@@ -3858,7 +4009,7 @@ The special pattern characters have the following meanings:
 <DD>
 Matches any string, including the null string.
 When the <B>globstar</B> shell option is enabled, and <B>*</B> is used in
-a filename expansion context, two adjacent <B>*</B>s used as a single
+a pathname expansion context, two adjacent <B>*</B>s used as a single
 pattern will match all files and zero or more directories and
 subdirectories.
 If followed by a <B>/</B>, two adjacent <B>*</B>s will match only directories
@@ -3886,7 +4037,11 @@ or a
 
 then any character not enclosed is matched.
 The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
-the current locale and the value of the <B>LC_COLLATE</B> shell variable,
+the current locale and the value of the
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>LC_COLLATE</B>
+
+</FONT>
+shell variable,
 if set.
 A 
 <B>-</B>
@@ -4013,6 +4168,15 @@ Redirections are processed in the order they appear, from
 left to right.
 <P>
 
+Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number
+may instead be preceded by a word of the form {<I>varname</I>}.
+In this case, for each redirection operator except
+&gt;&amp;- and &lt;&amp;-, the shell will allocate a file descriptor greater
+than 10 and assign it to <I>varname</I>.  If &gt;&amp;- or &lt;&amp;- is preceded
+by {<I>varname</I>}, the value of <I>varname</I> defines the file
+descriptor to close.
+<P>
+
 In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is
 omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is
 <B>&lt;</B>,
@@ -4060,7 +4224,7 @@ ls 2<B>&gt;&amp;</B>1 <B>&gt;</B> dirlist
 directs only the standard output to file
 <I>dirlist</I>,
 
-because the standard error was duplicated as standard output
+because the standard error was duplicated from the standard output
 before the standard output was redirected to
 <I>dirlist</I>.
 
@@ -4625,9 +4789,11 @@ The first element of the
 </FONT>
 variable is set to the name of the function while the function
 is executing.
+<P>
+
 All other aspects of the shell execution
 environment are identical between a function and its caller
-with the exception that the
+with these exceptions:  the
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>DEBUG</B>
 
 </FONT>
@@ -4649,7 +4815,13 @@ below) are not inherited unless the function has been given the
 builtin below) or the
 <B>-o functrace</B> shell option has been enabled with
 the <B>set</B> builtin
-(in which case all functions inherit the <B>DEBUG</B> and <B>RETURN</B> traps).
+(in which case all functions inherit the <B>DEBUG</B> and <B>RETURN</B> traps),
+and the
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ERR</B>
+
+</FONT>
+trap is not inherited unless the <B>-o errtrace</B> shell option has
+been enabled.
 <P>
 
 Variables local to the function may be declared with the
@@ -4858,6 +5030,11 @@ Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow symbolic
 links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link itself.
 <P>
 
+
+When used with <B>[[</B>, The <B>&lt;</B> and <B>&gt;</B> operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+<P>
+
 <DL COMPACT>
 <DT><B>-a </B><I>file</I>
 
@@ -4984,16 +5161,17 @@ True if the length of
 
 is non-zero.
 <DT><I>string1</I> <B>==</B> <I>string2</I><DD>
-True if the strings are equal.  <B>=</B> may be used in place of
-<B>==</B> for strict POSIX compliance.
+
+<DT><I>string1</I> <B>=</B> <I>string2</I><DD>
+
+True if the strings are equal.  <B>=</B> should be used
+with the <B>test</B> command for POSIX conformance.
 <DT><I>string1</I> <B>!=</B> <I>string2</I><DD>
 True if the strings are not equal.
 <DT><I>string1</I> <B>&lt;</B> <I>string2</I><DD>
-True if <I>string1</I> sorts before <I>string2</I> lexicographically
-in the current locale.
+True if <I>string1</I> sorts before <I>string2</I> lexicographically.
 <DT><I>string1</I> <B>&gt;</B> <I>string2</I><DD>
-True if <I>string1</I> sorts after <I>string2</I> lexicographically
-in the current locale.
+True if <I>string1</I> sorts after <I>string2</I> lexicographically.
 <DT><I>arg1</I> <B>OP</B> <I>arg2</I>
 
 <DD>
@@ -5160,7 +5338,7 @@ arguments, if any.
 
 The shell has an <I>execution environment</I>, which consists of the
 following:
-<P>
+
 <DL COMPACT>
 <DT>*<DD>
 open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
@@ -5188,7 +5366,10 @@ options enabled by <B>shopt</B>
 shell aliases defined with <B>alias</B>
 <DT>*<DD>
 various process IDs, including those of background jobs, the value
-of <B>$$</B>, and the value of <B>$PPID</B>
+of <B>$$</B>, and the value of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PPID</B>
+
+</FONT>
 </DL>
 <P>
 
@@ -5197,7 +5378,7 @@ is to be executed, it
 is invoked in a separate execution environment that consists of
 the following.  Unless otherwise noted, the values are inherited
 from the shell.
-<P>
+
 <DL COMPACT>
 <DT>*<DD>
 the shell's open files, plus any modifications and additions specified
@@ -5481,7 +5662,7 @@ refers to the ability to selectively stop (<I>suspend</I>)
 the execution of processes and continue (<I>resume</I>)
 their execution at a later point.  A user typically employs
 this facility via an interactive interface supplied jointly
-by the system's terminal driver and
+by the operating system kernel's terminal driver and
 <B>bash</B>.
 
 <P>
@@ -5534,13 +5715,16 @@ These processes are said to be in the
 
 processes are those whose process group ID differs from the terminal's;
 such processes are immune to keyboard-generated signals.
-Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or write to the
-terminal.  Background processes which attempt to read from (write to) the
+Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or, if the
+user so specifies with <TT>stty tostop</TT>, write to the
+terminal.
+Background processes which attempt to read from (write to when
+<TT>stty tostop</TT> is in effect) the
 terminal are sent a 
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGTTIN (SIGTTOU)</B>
 
 </FONT>
-signal by the terminal driver, 
+signal by the kernel's terminal driver, 
 which, unless caught, suspends the process.
 <P>
 
@@ -5804,12 +5988,23 @@ the release of <B>bash</B>, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
 <DT><B>\w</B>
 
 <DD>
-the current working directory, with <B>$HOME</B> abbreviated with a tilde
-(uses the <B>$PROMPT_DIRTRIM</B> variable)
+the current working directory, with
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>$HOME</B>
+
+</FONT>
+abbreviated with a tilde
+(uses the value of the
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</B>
+
+</FONT>
+variable)
 <DT><B>\W</B>
 
 <DD>
-the basename of the current working directory, with <B>$HOME</B>
+the basename of the current working directory, with
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>$HOME</B>
+
+</FONT>
 abbreviated with a tilde
 <DT><B>\!</B>
 
@@ -6350,12 +6545,24 @@ can be set to either
 or
 <B>vi</B>.
 
+<DT><B>echo-control-characters (On)</B>
+
+<DD>
+When set to <B>On</B>, on operating systems that indicate they support it,
+readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal generated from the
+keyboard.
 <DT><B>enable-keypad (Off)</B>
 
 <DD>
 When set to <B>On</B>, readline will try to enable the application
 keypad when it is called.  Some systems need this to enable the
 arrow keys.
+<DT><B>enable-meta-key (On)</B>
+
+<DD>
+When set to <B>On</B>, readline will try to enable any meta modifier
+key the terminal claims to support when it is called.  On many terminals,
+the meta key is used to send eight-bit characters.
 <DT><B>expand-tilde (Off)</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -6477,6 +6684,15 @@ words which have more than one possible completion without any
 possible partial completion (the possible completions don't share
 a common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately instead
 of ringing the bell.
+<DT><B>skip-completed-text (Off)</B>
+
+<DD>
+If set to <B>On</B>, this alters the default completion behavior when
+inserting a single match into the line.  It's only active when
+performing completion in the middle of a word.  If enabled, readline
+does not insert characters from the completion that match characters
+after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word
+following the cursor are not duplicated.
 <DT><B>visible-stats (Off)</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -7099,6 +7315,12 @@ of matches; a negative argument may be used to move backward
 through the list.
 This command is intended to be bound to <B>TAB</B>, but is unbound
 by default.
+<DT><B>menu-complete-rd</B>
+
+<DD>
+Identical to <B>menu-complete</B>, but moves backward through the list
+of possible completions, as if <B>menu-complete</B> had been given a
+negative argument.  This command is unbound by default.
 <DT><B>delete-char-or-list</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -7275,6 +7497,16 @@ character.  A negative count searches for previous occurrences.
 <DD>
 A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence of that
 character.  A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences.
+<DT><B>skip-csi-sequence ()</B>
+
+<DD>
+Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those
+defined for keys like Home and End.  Such sequences begin with a
+Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[.  If this sequence is
+bound to &quot;\[&quot;, keys producing such sequences will have no effect
+unless explicitly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting
+stray characters into the editing buffer.  This is unbound by default,
+but usually bound to ESC-[.
 <DT><B>insert-comment (M-#)</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -7359,12 +7591,17 @@ below), the programmable completion facilities are invoked.
 <P>
 
 First, the command name is identified.
+If the command word is the empty string (completion attempted at the
+beginning of an empty line), any compspec defined with
+the <B>-E</B> option to <B>complete</B> is used.
 If a compspec has been defined for that command, the
 compspec is used to generate the list of possible completions for the word.
 If the command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full
 pathname is searched for first.
 If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to
 find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+If those searches to not result in a compspec, any compspec defined with
+the <B>-D</B> option to <B>complete</B> is used as the default.
 <P>
 
 Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
@@ -7390,7 +7627,7 @@ variable
 is used to filter the matches.
 <P>
 
-Any completions specified by a filename expansion pattern to the
+Any completions specified by a pathname expansion pattern to the
 <B>-G</B> option are generated next.
 The words generated by the pattern need not match the word
 being completed.
@@ -7524,6 +7761,43 @@ the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
 to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to  
 the value of the <B>mark-directories</B> readline variable, regardless
 of the setting of the <B>mark-symlinked-directories</B> readline variable.
+<P>
+
+There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.  This is
+most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified
+with <B>complete -D</B>.
+It's possible for shell functions executed as completion
+handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an
+exit status of 124.  If a shell function returns 124, and changes
+the compspec associated with the command on which completion is being
+attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is executed),
+programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
+attempt to find a compspec for that command.  This allows a set of
+completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather than
+being loaded all at once.
+<P>
+
+For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a
+file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default
+completion function would load completions dynamically:
+<P>
+
+<TT>_completion_loader()
+<BR>
+
+{
+<BR>
+
+<TT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TT>. &quot;/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh&quot; &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;&amp; return 124<BR>
+<BR>
+
+}
+<BR>
+
+complete -D -F _completion_loader
+<BR>
+
+</TT>
 <A NAME="lbCW">&nbsp;</A>
 <H3>HISTORY</H3>
 
@@ -7536,7 +7810,11 @@ option to the
 builtin is enabled, the shell provides access to the
 <I>command history</I>,
 the list of commands previously typed.
-The value of the <B>HISTSIZE</B> variable is used as the
+The value of the
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTSIZE</B>
+
+</FONT>
+variable is used as the
 number of commands to save in a history list.
 The text of the last
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTSIZE</B>
@@ -7610,7 +7888,8 @@ If
 is unset, or if the history file is unwritable, the history is
 not saved.
 If the
-<FONT SIZE=-1>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTTIMEFORMAT</B>
+
 </FONT>
 variable is set, time stamps are written to the history file, marked
 with the history comment character, so
@@ -7744,7 +8023,7 @@ If the
 shell option is enabled (see the description of the
 <B>shopt</B>
 
-builtin), and
+builtin below), and
 <B>readline</B>
 
 is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to
@@ -8060,8 +8339,14 @@ accepts
 <B>--</B>
 
 to signify the end of the options.
-For example, the <B>:</B>, <B>true</B>, <B>false</B>, and <B>test</B> builtins
-do not accept options.
+The <B>:</B>, <B>true</B>, <B>false</B>, and <B>test</B> builtins
+do not accept options and do not treat <B>--</B> specially.
+The <B>exit</B>, <B>logout</B>, <B>break</B>, <B>continue</B>, <B>let</B>,
+and <B>shift</B> builtins accept and process arguments beginning with
+<B>-</B> without requiring <B>--</B>.
+Other builtins that accept arguments but are not specified as accepting
+options interpret arguments beginning with <B>-</B> as invalid options and
+require <B>--</B> to prevent this interpretation.
 <P>
 
 <DL COMPACT>
@@ -8251,18 +8536,22 @@ Remove any current binding for <I>keyseq</I>.
 Cause <I>shell-command</I> to be executed whenever <I>keyseq</I> is
 entered.
 When <I>shell-command</I> is executed, the shell sets the
-<B>READLINE_LINE</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>READLINE_LINE</B>
 
+</FONT>
 variable to the contents of the <B>readline</B> line buffer and the
-<B>READLINE_POINT</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>READLINE_POINT</B>
 
+</FONT>
 variable to the current location of the insertion point.
 If the executed command changes the value of
-<B>READLINE_LINE</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>READLINE_LINE</B>
 
+</FONT>
 or
-<B>READLINE_POINT</B>,
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>READLINE_POINT</B>,
 
+</FONT>
 those new values will be reflected in the editing state.
 
 </DL>
@@ -8370,7 +8659,11 @@ is equivalent to
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>$OLDPWD</B>.
 
 </FONT>
-If a non-empty directory name from <B>CDPATH</B> is used, or if
+If a non-empty directory name from
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>CDPATH</B>
+
+</FONT>
+is used, or if
 <B>-</B> is the first argument, and the directory change is
 successful, the absolute pathname of the new working directory is
 written to the standard output.
@@ -8395,8 +8688,9 @@ option is given, the search for
 <I>command</I>
 
 is performed using a default value for
-<B>PATH</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PATH</B>
 
+</FONT>
 that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities.
 If either the
 <B>-V</B>
@@ -8456,12 +8750,12 @@ will be displayed.
 <P>
 The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, or no
 matches were generated.
-<DT><B>complete</B> [<B>-abcdefgjksuv</B>] [<B>-o</B> <I>comp-option</I>] [<B>-E</B>] [<B>-A</B> <I>action</I>] [<B>-G</B> <I>globpat</I>] [<B>-W</B> <I>wordlist</I>] [<B>-F</B> <I>function</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>command</I>]<DD>
+<DT><B>complete</B> [<B>-abcdefgjksuv</B>] [<B>-o</B> <I>comp-option</I>] [<B>-DE</B>] [<B>-A</B> <I>action</I>] [<B>-G</B> <I>globpat</I>] [<B>-W</B> <I>wordlist</I>] [<B>-F</B> <I>function</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>command</I>]<DD>
 <BR>
 
 [<B>-X</B> <I>filterpat</I>] [<B>-P</B> <I>prefix</I>] [<B>-S</B> <I>suffix</I>] <I>name</I> [<I>name ...</I>]
 
-<DT><B>complete</B> <B>-pr</B> [<B>-E</B>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
+<DT><B>complete</B> <B>-pr</B> [<B>-DE</B>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
 
 Specify how arguments to each <I>name</I> should be completed.
 If the <B>-p</B> option is supplied, or if no options are supplied,
@@ -8470,6 +8764,9 @@ them to be reused as input.
 The <B>-r</B> option removes a completion specification for
 each <I>name</I>, or, if no <I>name</I>s are supplied, all
 completion specifications.
+The <B>-D</B> option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
 The <B>-E</B> option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
 apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
 blank line.
@@ -8635,7 +8932,7 @@ Names of all shell variables.  May also be specified as <B>-v</B>.
 </DL></DL>
 
 <DT><B>-G</B> <I>globpat</I><DD>
-The filename expansion pattern <I>globpat</I> is expanded to generate
+The pathname expansion pattern <I>globpat</I> is expanded to generate
 the possible completions.
 <DT><B>-W</B> <I>wordlist</I><DD>
 The <I>wordlist</I> is split using the characters in the
@@ -8658,7 +8955,7 @@ of the
 </FONT>
 array variable.
 <DT><B>-X</B> <I>filterpat</I><DD>
-<I>filterpat</I> is a pattern as used for filename expansion.
+<I>filterpat</I> is a pattern as used for pathname expansion.
 It is applied to the list of possible completions generated by the
 preceding options and arguments, and each completion matching
 <I>filterpat</I> is removed from the list.
@@ -8681,7 +8978,7 @@ a <I>name</I> for which no specification exists, or
 an error occurs adding a completion specification.
 </DL>
 
-<DT><B>compopt</B> [<B>-o</B> <I>option</I>] [<B>+o</B> <I>option</I>] [<I>name</I>]<DD>
+<DT><B>compopt</B> [<B>-o</B> <I>option</I>] [<B>-DE</B>] [<B>+o</B> <I>option</I>] [<I>name</I>]<DD>
 Modify completion options for each <I>name</I> according to the
 <I>option</I>s, or for the
 currently-execution completion if no <I>name</I>s are supplied.
@@ -8689,6 +8986,12 @@ If no <I>option</I>s are given, display the completion options for each
 <I>name</I> or the current completion.
 The possible values of <I>option</I> are those valid for the <B>complete</B>
 builtin described above.
+The <B>-D</B> option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to the ``default'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
+The <B>-E</B> option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+blank line.
 </DL>
 <P>
 
@@ -8786,10 +9089,10 @@ Use function names only.
 
 <DD>
 The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evaluation (see
-<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ARITHMETIC EVALUATION ) </B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ARITHMETIC EVALUATION</B>
 
 </FONT>
-is performed when the variable is assigned a value.
+above) is performed when the variable is assigned a value.
 <DT><B>-l</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -8825,11 +9128,11 @@ Mark <I>name</I>s for export to subsequent commands via the environment.
 Using `+' instead of `-'
 turns off the attribute instead,
 with the exceptions that <B>+a</B>
-may not be used to destroy an array variable and <B>+r will not
+may not be used to destroy an array variable and <B>+r</B> will not
 remove the readonly attribute.
 When used in a function,
 makes each
-</B><I>name</I> local, as with the 
+<I>name</I> local, as with the 
 <B>local</B>
 
 command.
@@ -8913,7 +9216,7 @@ is removed from the table of active jobs.
 If
 <I>jobspec</I>
 
-is not present, and neither <B>-a nor -r</B> is supplied,
+is not present, and neither <B>-a</B> nor <B>-r</B> is supplied,
 the shell's notion of the <I>current job</I> is used.
 If the <B>-h</B> option is given, each
 <I>jobspec</I>
@@ -9373,7 +9676,10 @@ is to be used.
 <P>
 When the end of options is encountered, <B>getopts</B> exits with a
 return value greater than zero.
-<B>OPTIND</B> is set to the index of the first non-option argument,
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>OPTIND</B>
+
+</FONT>
+is set to the index of the first non-option argument,
 and <B>name</B> is set to ?.
 <P>
 <B>getopts</B>
@@ -9516,7 +9822,7 @@ is printed.
 
 <DD>
 Display a short description of each <I>pattern</I>
-<DT><B>&nbsp;-m</B>
+<DT><B>-m</B>
 
 <DD>
 Display the description of each <I>pattern</I> in a manpage-like format
@@ -9550,7 +9856,11 @@ lists only the last
 <I>n</I>
 
 lines.
-If the shell variable <B>HISTTIMEFORMAT</B> is set and not null,
+If the shell variable
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTTIMEFORMAT</B>
+
+</FONT>
+is set and not null,
 it is used as a format string for <I>strftime</I>(3) to display
 the time stamp associated with each displayed history entry.
 No intervening blank is printed between the formatted time stamp
@@ -9614,7 +9924,11 @@ are added.
 </DL>
 <P>
 
-If the <B>HISTTIMEFORMAT</B> is set, the time stamp information
+If the
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTTIMEFORMAT</B>
+
+</FONT>
+variable is set, the time stamp information
 associated with each history entry is written to the history file,
 marked with the history comment character.
 When the history file is read, lines beginning with the history
@@ -9758,9 +10072,10 @@ Each
 <I>arg</I>
 
 is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see
-<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ARITHMETIC EVALUATION</B>).
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ARITHMETIC EVALUATION</B>
 
 </FONT>
+above).
 If the last
 <I>arg</I>
 
@@ -9806,7 +10121,7 @@ Exit a login shell.
 
 <DT><B>readarray</B> [<B>-n</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-O</B> <I>origin</I>] [<B>-s</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-t</B>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>callback</I>] [<B>-c</B> <I>quantum</I>] [<I>array</I>]<DD>
 
-Read lines from the standard input into array variable
+Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
 <I>array</I>,
 
 or from file descriptor 
@@ -9816,7 +10131,11 @@ if the
 <B>-u</B>
 
 option is supplied.
-The variable <B>MAPFILE</B> is the default <I>array</I>.
+The variable
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>MAPFILE</B>
+
+</FONT>
+is the default <I>array</I>.
 Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
 <DL COMPACT><DT><DD>
 
@@ -9845,7 +10164,7 @@ Discard the first <I>count</I> lines read.
 <DT><B>-t</B>
 
 <DD>
-Remove a trailing line from each line read.
+Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
 <DT><B>-u</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -9887,7 +10206,8 @@ before assigning to it.
 <P>
 
 <B>mapfile</B> returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
-argument is supplied, or <I>array</I> is invalid or unassignable.
+argument is supplied, <I>array</I> is invalid or unassignable, or if
+<I>array</I> is not an indexed array.
 </DL>
 
 <DT><B>popd</B> [-<B>n</B>] [+<I>n</I>] [-<I>n</I>]<DD>
@@ -10054,7 +10374,7 @@ option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.
 The return status is 0 unless an error occurs while
 reading the name of the current directory or an
 invalid option is supplied.
-<DT><B>read</B> [<B>-ers</B>] [<B>-a</B> <I>aname</I>] [<B>-d</B> <I>delim</I>] [<B>-</B> <I>text</I>] [<B>-n</B> <I>nchars</I>] [<B>-p</B> <I>prompt</I>] [<B>-t</B> <I>timeout</I>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
+<DT><B>read</B> [<B>-ers</B>] [<B>-a</B> <I>aname</I>] [<B>-d</B> <I>delim</I>] [<B>-i</B> <I>text</I>] [<B>-n</B> <I>nchars</I>] [<B>-N</B> <I>nchars</I>] [<B>-p</B> <I>prompt</I>] [<B>-t</B> <I>timeout</I>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
 One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
 <I>fd</I> supplied as an argument to the <B>-u</B> option, and the first word
 is assigned to the first
@@ -10123,7 +10443,17 @@ buffer before editing begins.
 
 <DD>
 <B>read</B> returns after reading <I>nchars</I> characters rather than
-waiting for a complete line of input.
+waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter if fewer
+than <I>nchars</I> characters are read before the delimiter.
+<DT><B>-N </B><I>nchars</I>
+
+<DD>
+<B>read</B> returns after reading exactly <I>nchars</I> characters rather
+than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or
+<B>read</B> times out.
+Delimiter characters encountered in the input are
+not treated specially and do not cause <B>read</B> to return until
+<I>nchars</I> characters are read.
 <DT><B>-p </B><I>prompt</I>
 
 <DD>
@@ -10281,7 +10611,10 @@ effective only when job control is enabled.
 <DT><B>-e</B>
 
 <DD>
-Exit immediately if a <I>simple command</I> (see
+Exit immediately if a <I>pipeline</I> (which may consist of a single
+<I>simple command</I>),  a <I>subshell</I> command enclosed in parentheses,
+or one of the commands executed as part of a command list enclosed
+by braces (see
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELL GRAMMAR</B>
 
 </FONT>
@@ -10294,25 +10627,32 @@ or
 <B>until</B>
 
 keyword, 
-part of the test in an
+part of the test following the
 <B>if</B>
 
-statement, part of a command executed in a
+or
+<B>elif</B>
+
+reserved words, part of any command executed in a
 <B>&amp;&amp;</B>
 
 or
 <B>||</B>
 
-list,
+list except the command following the final <B>&amp;&amp;</B> or <B>||</B>,
 any command in a pipeline but the last,
 or if the command's return value is
-being inverted via
+being inverted with
 <B>!</B>.
 
-Failing simple commands that are part of shell functions or command lists
-enclosed in braces or parentheses satisfying the above conditions do not
-cause the shell to exit.
 A trap on <B>ERR</B>, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
+This option applies to the shell environment and each subshell environment
+separately (see
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT</B>
+
+</FONT>
+above), and may cause
+subshells to exit before executing all the commands in the subshell.
 <DT><B>-f</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -10374,23 +10714,23 @@ with the
 
 option.
 This also affects the editing interface used for <B>read -e</B>.
-<DT><B>errtrace</B>
+<DT><B>errexit</B>
 
 <DD>
 Same as
-<B>-E</B>.
+<B>-e</B>.
 
-<DT><B>functrace</B>
+<DT><B>errtrace</B>
 
 <DD>
 Same as
-<B>-T</B>.
+<B>-E</B>.
 
-<DT><B>errexit</B>
+<DT><B>functrace</B>
 
 <DD>
 Same as
-<B>-e</B>.
+<B>-T</B>.
 
 <DT><B>hashall</B>
 
@@ -10557,11 +10897,16 @@ environment, and the
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELLOPTS</B>,
 
 </FONT>
-<B>CDPATH</B>,
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASHOPTS</B>,
+
+</FONT>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>CDPATH</B>,
 
+</FONT>
 and
-<B>GLOBIGNORE</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>GLOBIGNORE</B>
 
+</FONT>
 variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored.
 If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
 real user (group) id, and the <B>-p</B> option is not supplied, these actions
@@ -10577,9 +10922,10 @@ Exit after reading and executing one command.
 <DT><B>-u</B>
 
 <DD>
-Treat unset variables as an error when performing
+Treat unset variables and parameters other than the special
+parameters &quot;@&quot; and &quot;*&quot; as an error when performing
 parameter expansion.  If expansion is attempted on an
-unset variable, the shell prints an error message, and,
+unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error message, and,
 if not interactive, exits with a non-zero status.
 <DT><B>-v</B>
 
@@ -10832,7 +11178,11 @@ longer exists, a normal path search is performed.
 If set, <B>bash</B> lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before
 exiting an interactive shell.  If any jobs are running, this causes
 the exit to be deferred until a second exit is attempted without an
-intervening command (see <B>JOB CONTROL</B> above).  The shell always
+intervening command (see
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>JOB CONTROL</B>
+
+</FONT>
+above).  The shell always
 postpones exiting if any jobs are stopped.
 <DT><B>checkwinsize</B>
 
@@ -10863,6 +11213,23 @@ If set,
 
 changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted
 arguments to the conditional command's =~ operator.
+<DT><B>compat32</B>
+
+<DD>
+If set,
+<B>bash</B>
+
+changes its behavior to that of version 3.2 with respect to locale-specific
+string comparison when using the conditional command's &lt; and &gt; operators.
+<DT><B>compat40</B>
+
+<DD>
+If set,
+<B>bash</B>
+
+changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 with respect to locale-specific
+string comparison when using the conditional command's &lt; and &gt; operators
+and the effect of interrupting a command list.
 <DT><B>dirspell</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -10925,8 +11292,14 @@ executed by the <B>.</B> or <B>source</B> builtins), a call to
 <DT><B>4.</B>
 
 <DD>
-<B>BASH_ARGC</B> and <B>BASH_ARGV</B> are updated as described in their
-descriptions above.
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_ARGC</B>
+
+</FONT>
+and
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_ARGV</B>
+
+</FONT>
+are updated as described in their descriptions above.
 <DT><B>5.</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -10960,17 +11333,24 @@ result in an expansion error.
 <DT><B>force_fignore</B>
 
 <DD>
-If set, the suffixes specified by the <B>FIGNORE</B> shell variable
+If set, the suffixes specified by the
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>FIGNORE</B>
+
+</FONT>
+shell variable
 cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if
 the ignored words are the only possible completions.
 See
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELL VARIABLES</B></FONT>
-above for a description of <B>FIGNORE</B>.
+above for a description of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>FIGNORE</B>.
+
+</FONT>
 This option is enabled by default.
 <DT><B>globstar</B>
 
 <DD>
-If set, the pattern <B>**</B> used in a filename expansion context will
+If set, the pattern <B>**</B> used in a pathname expansion context will
 match a files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
 If the pattern is followed by a <B>/</B>, only directories and
 subdirectories match.
@@ -10984,8 +11364,9 @@ message format.
 <DD>
 If set, the history list is appended to the file named by the value
 of the
-<B>HISTFILE</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>HISTFILE</B>
 
+</FONT>
 variable when the shell exits, rather than overwriting the file.
 <DT><B>histreedit</B>
 
@@ -11072,7 +11453,11 @@ If set, and
 is being used,
 <B>bash</B>
 
-will not attempt to search the <B>PATH</B> for possible completions when
+will not attempt to search the
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PATH</B>
+
+</FONT>
+for possible completions when
 completion is attempted on an empty line.
 <DT><B>nocaseglob</B>
 
@@ -11331,6 +11716,9 @@ Each
 is either
 a signal name defined in &lt;<I>signal.h</I>&gt;, or a signal number.
 Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional.
+<P>
+
+
 If a
 <I>sigspec</I>
 
@@ -11365,6 +11753,21 @@ If a
 <I>sigspec</I>
 
 is
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>RETURN</B>,
+
+</FONT>
+the command
+<I>arg</I>
+
+is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the
+<B>.</B> or <B>source</B> builtins finishes executing.
+<P>
+
+
+If a
+<I>sigspec</I>
+
+is
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>ERR</B>,
 
 </FONT>
@@ -11399,21 +11802,12 @@ being inverted via
 <B>!</B>.
 
 These are the same conditions obeyed by the <B>errexit</B> option.
-If a
-<I>sigspec</I>
-
-is
-<FONT SIZE=-1><B>RETURN</B>,
+<P>
 
-</FONT>
-the command
-<I>arg</I>
 
-is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the
-<B>.</B> or <B>source</B> builtins finishes executing.
 Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
 Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original
-values in a child process when it is created.
+values in a subshell or subshell environment when one is created.
 The return status is false if any
 <I>sigspec</I>
 
@@ -11591,7 +11985,7 @@ The maximum size that may be locked into memory
 <DT><B>-m</B>
 
 <DD>
-The maximum resident set size
+The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this limit)
 <DT><B>-n</B>
 
 <DD>
@@ -11733,6 +12127,9 @@ is removed.
 Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
 passed to subsequent commands.
 If any of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>COMP_WORDBREAKS</B>,
+
+</FONT>
 <FONT SIZE=-1><B>RANDOM</B>,
 
 </FONT>
@@ -11809,15 +12206,19 @@ with the exception that the following are disallowed or not performed:
 changing directories with <B>cd</B>
 <DT>*<DD>
 setting or unsetting the values of
-<B>SHELL</B>,
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELL</B>,
 
-<B>PATH</B>,
+</FONT>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PATH</B>,
 
-<B>ENV</B>,
+</FONT>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ENV</B>,
 
+</FONT>
 or
-<B>BASH_ENV</B>
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_ENV</B>
 
+</FONT>
 <DT>*<DD>
 specifying command names containing
 <B>/</B>
@@ -11841,7 +12242,11 @@ builtin command
 <DT>*<DD>
 importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup
 <DT>*<DD>
-parsing the value of <B>SHELLOPTS</B> from the shell environment at startup
+parsing the value of
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELLOPTS</B>
+
+</FONT>
+from the shell environment at startup
 <DT>*<DD>
 redirecting output using the &gt;, &gt;|, &lt;&gt;, &gt;&amp;, &amp;&gt;, and &gt;&gt; redirection operators
 <DT>*<DD>
@@ -11957,7 +12362,7 @@ Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation
 Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University
 <BR>
 
-<A HREF="mailto:chet@po.cwru.edu">chet@po.cwru.edu</A>
+<A HREF="mailto:chet.ramey@case.edu">chet.ramey@case.edu</A>
 <A NAME="lbDG">&nbsp;</A>
 <H3>BUG REPORTS</H3>
 
@@ -12055,7 +12460,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
 <HR>
 <TABLE WIDTH=100%>
 <TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.0<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2008 December 29<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash-4.1<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2009 December 29<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
 </TR>
 </TABLE>
 <HR>
@@ -12161,6 +12566,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time.
 </DL>
 <HR>
 This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
-Time: 05 February 2009 08:05:34 EST
+Time: 30 December 2009 13:07:38 EST
 </BODY>
 </HTML>
diff --git a/doc/bash.pdf b/doc/bash.pdf
index 563daf14..cb36c5e1 100644
--- a/doc/bash.pdf
+++ b/doc/bash.pdf
diff --git a/doc/bash.ps b/doc/bash.ps
index a2dbc5c0..8b4d5732 100644
--- a/doc/bash.ps
+++ b/doc/bash.ps
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 %!PS-Adobe-3.0
 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2
-%%CreationDate: Wed Feb 18 15:33:01 2009
+%%CreationDate: Wed Dec 30 13:07:37 2009
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 %%Page: 3 3
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-(vironment, the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)108 338.4 Q F0 -.25(va)2.459 G .21
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+(riables, if the).25 F 3.209(ya)-.15 G .71(ppear in the en)-3.209 F .71
+(vironment, are)-.4 F .905(ignored, and the ef)108 350.4 R(fecti)-.25 E
+1.205 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .904(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F
+.904(If the)5.904 F F1<ad70>3.404 E F0 .904(option is supplied at in)
+3.404 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .904(cation, the).2 F(startup beha)108 362.4 Q
+(vior is the same, b)-.2 E(ut the ef)-.2 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u)
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-(2009 February 7)140.96 E(6)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
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 %%Page: 7 7
 %%BeginPageSetup
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-(cuted. The).15 F -.15(ex)3.081 G .581
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-237.6 R 2.677(xists. When)-.15 F -.15(exe)2.677 G .177(cuted, the).15 F
+237.6 R 2.678(xists. When)-.15 F -.15(exe)2.678 G .178(cuted, the).15 F
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 (xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .64
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@@ -1034,4447 +1038,4589 @@ x error occurs or a readonly function with the same name already e)144
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+124.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5(TA)2.837 G(B).5 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337
+(or normal completion,)-2.837 F F2(?)2.837 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337
+(or listing completions after successi)-2.837 F .638 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
+(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 136.8 Q F0 4.092(,f)C 1.592(or listing alternati)
+-4.092 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.092(so).15 G 4.092(np)-4.092 G 1.592(artial w)
+-4.092 F 1.592(ord completion,)-.1 F F2(@)4.092 E F0 4.092(,t)C 4.092
+(ol)-4.092 G 1.592(ist completions if the w)-4.092 F 1.591(ord is not)
+-.1 F 1.552(unmodi\214ed, or)144 148.8 R F2(%)4.052 E F0 4.052(,f)C
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+(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.552
+(ilable only in shell functions and).25 F -.15(ex)144 160.8 S 2.929
+(ternal commands in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.429(db).1 G 5.429
+(yt)-5.429 G 2.929(he programmable completion f)-5.429 F 2.929
+(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.428 E(ogrammable)-.18 E(Completion)144
+172.8 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_W)108 189.6 Q(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E
+F0 1.335(The set of characters that the)144 201.6 R F1 -.18(re)3.836 G
+(adline).18 E F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.336
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+(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.876 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
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+(ubse-)-3.125 E(quently reset.)144 225.6 Q F1(COMP_W)108 242.4 Q(ORDS)
+-.1 E F0 .653(An array v)144 254.4 R .653(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
+(Arrays)3.153 E F0(belo)3.153 E .654(w\) consisting of the indi)-.25 F
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+(line. The)144 266.4 R 1.832(line is split into w)4.332 F 1.832(ords as)
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+(his v)-5.831 F .831(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .832
+(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.332
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 E F0(belo)4.76 E 2.26
 (w\) containing the current contents of the directory stack.)-.25 F
-1.095(Directories appear in the stack in the order the)144 225.6 R 3.594
-(ya)-.15 G 1.094(re displayed by the)-3.594 F F1(dirs)3.594 E F0 -.2(bu)
-3.594 G 3.594(iltin. Assigning).2 F(to)3.594 E 1.431
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+(ya)-.15 G 1.095(re displayed by the)-3.594 F F1(dirs)3.595 E F0 -.2(bu)
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 (ariable may be used to modify directories already in the stack, b)-.25
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 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.746(irectories. Assignment).15 F .246(to this v)2.746
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-290.4 Q F0 1.104(Expands to the ef)11 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.403 -.15(ve u)
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-(nitialized at shell startup.)-3.603 F 1.103(This v)6.103 F 1.103
-(ariable is)-.25 F(readonly)144 302.4 Q(.)-.65 E F1(FUNCN)108 319.2 Q
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+(ni).15 G(f)-2.85 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 379.2 Q F1(EUID)108
+396 Q F0 1.103(Expands to the ef)11 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.403 -.15(ve u)-.25
+H 1.103(ser ID of the current user).15 F 3.603(,i)-.4 G 1.103
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 (ariable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the e)
--.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .479(cution call stack.).15 F .277
-(The element with inde)144 343.2 R 2.777(x0i)-.15 G 2.777(st)-2.777 G
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--.15 G .276(cuting shell function.).15 F .276(The bottom-most)5.276 F
-.25(element is)144 355.2 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.75 E F0 5.25(.T)C
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+(The element with inde)144 448.8 R 2.776(x0i)-.15 G 2.776(st)-2.776 G
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+-.15 G .277(cuting shell function.).15 F .277(The bottom-most)5.277 F
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-(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to)2.75 E F2(FUNCN)144 367.2 Q(AME)-.18 E F0
-(ha)2.635 E .685 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.885(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.885 G .385
-(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.385 E F2(FUNCN)2.885 E(AME)
--.18 E F0 .384(is unset, it loses its special)2.634 F(properties, e)144
-379.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)
--2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(GR)108 396 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.228
-(An array v)144 408 R 1.228(ariable containing the list of groups of wh\
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+-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(GR)108 501.6 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.229
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-(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.597 E F2(GR)3.097 E(OUPS)
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-(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCMD)108 448.8 Q F0 .355
-(The history number)144 460.8 R 2.855(,o)-.4 G 2.855(ri)-2.855 G(nde)
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-(he history list, of the current command.)-2.856 F(If)5.356 E F2
-(HISTCMD)2.856 E F0 .356(is unset, it)2.606 F
-(loses its special properties, e)144 472.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G
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+(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(HISTCMD)108 554.4 Q F0 .356
+(The history number)144 566.4 R 2.856(,o)-.4 G 2.856(ri)-2.856 G(nde)
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+(he history list, of the current command.)-2.856 F(If)5.356 E F3
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+(loses its special properties, e)144 578.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G
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-(HOSTN)108 489.6 Q(AME)-.2 E F0
-(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)144 501.6 Q F1
-(HOSTTYPE)108 518.4 Q F0 .223(Automatically set to a string that unique\
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-E F0 .33(is e)2.83 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.83(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 148.8
-Q(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(PIPEST)108 165.6 Q -.95(AT)-.9 G
-(US).95 E F0 .61(An array v)144 177.6 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
-(Arrays)3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61(w\) containing a list of e)-.25 F .61
-(xit status v)-.15 F .61(alues from the processes in)-.25 F
-(the most-recently-e)144 189.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E
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-(Each time this parameter is referenced, a random inte)144 252 R .566
-(ger between 0 and 32767 is generated.)-.15 F(The)5.566 E .01
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-(Set to the line of input read by the)144 304.8 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad)
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+(Each time this parameter is referenced, a random inte)144 362.4 R .565
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-(the v)2.962 F .712
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-(alue assigned.)-.25 F(If)5.408 E F2(SECONDS)2.908 E F0 .408
-(is unset, it loses its special)2.658 F(properties, e)144 369.6 Q -.15
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-(The home directory of the current user; the def)144 660 R 1.27(ault ar)
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-(HOSTFILE)108 684 Q F0 1.015
-(Contains the name of a \214le in the same format as)144 696 R F5
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+540 Q(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F3(LC_CTYPE)108 552 Q F0
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 (ariable determines the interpretation of characters and the beha)-.25 F
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-3.615 E F0 1.116(command \(see)3.616 F F4 1.116(SHELL GRAM-)3.616 F(MAR)
-144 276 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2(PS4)108 288 Q F0
-1.099(The v)19.33 F 1.099(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F 1.099
-(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)3.599 E F0 1.099(and the v)3.599 F 1.098
-(alue is printed before each com-)-.25 F(mand)144 300 Q F2(bash)3.725 E
-F0 1.225(displays during an e)3.725 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.225
-(cution trace.).15 F 1.226(The \214rst character of)6.225 F F4(PS4)3.726
-E F0 1.226(is replicated multiple)3.476 F(times, as necessary)144 312 Q
-2.5(,t)-.65 G 2.5(oi)-2.5 G(ndicate multiple le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ls of indirection.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F2(+)A F0
--.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F2(SHELL)108 324 Q F0 .664
-(The full pathname to the shell is k)144 336 R .664(ept in this en)-.1 F
+F F2(PR)2.565 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)2.315 E .065
+(w\) and used as the primary prompt)-.25 F 2.5(string. The)144 432 R
+(def)2.5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E(`)-.74 E F1(\\s\255\\v\\$)A F0
+-.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS2)108 444 Q F0 .118(The v)19.33 F .118
+(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .118(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)
+2.617 E F0 .117(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.367 F(The)
+5.117 E(def)144 456 Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G
+(.).74 E F1(PS3)108 468 Q F0 1.115(The v)19.33 F 1.115
+(alue of this parameter is used as the prompt for the)-.25 F F1(select)
+3.615 E F0 1.116(command \(see)3.616 F F2 1.116(SHELL GRAM-)3.616 F(MAR)
+144 480 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(PS4)108 492 Q F0
+.101(The v)19.33 F .101(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .101
+(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.6 E F0 .1(and the v)2.35 F .1
+(alue is printed before each command)-.25 F F1(bash)144 504 Q F0 .291
+(displays during an e)2.791 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .292(cution trace.).15 F
+.292(The \214rst character of)5.292 F F2(PS4)2.792 E F0 .292
+(is replicated multiple times, as)2.542 F(necessary)144 516 Q 2.5(,t)
+-.65 G 2.5(oi)-2.5 G(ndicate multiple le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(ls of indirection.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(+)A F0
+-.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(SHELL)108 528 Q F0 .664
+(The full pathname to the shell is k)144 540 R .664(ept in this en)-.1 F
 .664(vironment v)-.4 F 3.164(ariable. If)-.25 F .663
-(it is not set when the shell)3.164 F(starts,)144 348 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0
+(it is not set when the shell)3.164 F(starts,)144 552 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
 (assigns to it the full pathname of the current user')2.5 E 2.5(sl)-.55
-G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F2(TIMEFORMA)108 360 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .826(The v)144
-372 R .826
+G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 564 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .826(The v)144
+576 R .826
 (alue of this parameter is used as a format string specifying ho)-.25 F
 3.327(wt)-.25 G .827(he timing information for)-3.327 F .649
-(pipelines pre\214x)144 384 R .649(ed with the)-.15 F F2(time)3.149 E F0
+(pipelines pre\214x)144 588 R .649(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.149 E F0
 (reserv)3.149 E .649(ed w)-.15 F .648(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F
-(The)5.648 E F2(%)3.148 E F0 .648(character introduces)3.148 F .711
-(an escape sequence that is e)144 396 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F
+(The)5.648 E F1(%)3.148 E F0 .648(character introduces)3.148 F .711
+(an escape sequence that is e)144 600 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F
 .712(alue or other information.)-.25 F .712(The escape sequences)5.712 F
-(and their meanings are as follo)144 408 Q
-(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F2(%%)144 426 Q F0 2.5
-(Al)30 G(iteral)-2.5 E F2(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(%[)144 438 Q F3(p)A F2
-(][l]R)A F0(The elapsed time in seconds.)11.68 E F2(%[)144 450 Q F3(p)A
-F2(][l]U)A F0(The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.)11.68 E F2
-(%[)144 462 Q F3(p)A F2(][l]S)A F0
-(The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.)13.34 E F2(%P)144 474 Q
+(and their meanings are as follo)144 612 Q
+(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F1(%%)144 630 Q F0 2.5
+(Al)30 G(iteral)-2.5 E F1(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%[)144 642 Q F4(p)A F1
+(][l]R)A F0(The elapsed time in seconds.)11.68 E F1(%[)144 654 Q F4(p)A
+F1(][l]U)A F0(The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.)11.68 E F1
+(%[)144 666 Q F4(p)A F1(][l]S)A F0
+(The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.)13.34 E F1(%P)144 678 Q
 F0(The CPU percentage, computed as \(%U + %S\) / %R.)33.89 E .87
-(The optional)144 490.8 R F3(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the)
-3.37 F F3(pr)3.37 E(ecision)-.37 E F0 3.37(,t)C .87
+(The optional)144 694.8 R F4(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the)
+3.37 F F4(pr)3.37 E(ecision)-.37 E F0 3.37(,t)C .87
 (he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.525(point. A)
-144 502.8 R -.25(va)2.525 G .025
+144 706.8 R -.25(va)2.525 G .025
 (lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .026
 (At most three places after the)5.025 F .538
-(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 514.8 R .538(alues of)-.25 F F3
+(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 718.8 R .538(alues of)-.25 F F4
 (p)3.038 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.537 E
-F3(p)3.037 E F0 .537(is not speci\214ed,)3.037 F(the v)144 526.8 Q
-(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .667(The optional)144 543.6 R F2(l)3.167 E F0
+F4(p)3.037 E F0 .537(is not speci\214ed,)3.037 F(the v)144 730.8 Q
+(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 29)135.965 E
+(15)185.955 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 16 16
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E .667(The optional)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(l)3.167 E F0
 .668(speci\214es a longer format, including minutes, of the form)3.168 F
-F3(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F3(SS)A F0(.)A F3(FF)A F0 3.168(s. The)B -.25(va)
-3.168 G(lue).25 E(of)144 555.6 Q F3(p)2.5 E F0
+/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F2(SS)A F0(.)A F2(FF)A F0
+3.168(s. The)B -.25(va)3.168 G(lue).25 E(of)144 96 Q F2(p)2.5 E F0
 (determines whether or not the fraction is included.)2.5 E .001
-(If this v)144 572.4 R .001(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F2(bash)2.501 E
-F0 .001(acts as if it had the v)2.501 F(alue)-.25 E F2($\010\\nr)2.5 E
+(If this v)144 112.8 R .001(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F1(bash)2.501 E
+F0 .001(acts as if it had the v)2.501 F(alue)-.25 E F1($\010\\nr)2.5 E
 (eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys%3lS\010)-.18 E F0(.)A .494(If the v)144
-584.4 R .494(alue is null, no timing information is displayed.)-.25 F
+124.8 R .494(alue is null, no timing information is displayed.)-.25 F
 2.994(At)5.494 G .494(railing ne)-2.994 F .494
 (wline is added when the for)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(mat string is displayed.)144
-596.4 Q F2(TMOUT)108 613.2 Q F0 .718(If set to a v)144 625.2 R .717
-(alue greater than zero,)-.25 F F2(TMOUT)3.217 E F0 .717
-(is treated as the def)3.217 F .717(ault timeout for the)-.1 F F2 -.18
-(re)3.217 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.217 G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 637.2 Q F2
-(select)2.542 E F0 .042(command terminates if input does not arri)2.542
-F .342 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(fter).15 E F2(TMOUT)2.542 E F0 .042
-(seconds when input is com-)2.542 F .886(ing from a terminal.)144 649.2
+136.8 Q F1(TMOUT)108 153.6 Q F0 .941(If set to a v)144 165.6 R .941
+(alue greater than zero,)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(TMOUT)3.441 E F0
+.941(is treated as the def)3.191 F .941(ault timeout for the)-.1 F F1
+-.18(re)3.441 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 177.6 Q
+F1(select)2.81 E F0 .31(command terminates if input does not arri)2.81 F
+.611 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(fter).15 E F3(TMOUT)2.811 E F0 .311
+(seconds when input is com-)2.561 F .886(ing from a terminal.)144 189.6
 R .886(In an interacti)5.886 F 1.185 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .885(hell, the v)
 .15 F .885(alue is interpreted as the number of seconds to)-.25 F -.1
-(wa)144 661.2 S .546(it for input after issuing the primary prompt.).1 F
-F2(Bash)5.546 E F0 .546(terminates after w)3.046 F .546
+(wa)144 201.6 S .546(it for input after issuing the primary prompt.).1 F
+F1(Bash)5.546 E F0 .546(terminates after w)3.046 F .546
 (aiting for that number of)-.1 F(seconds if input does not arri)144
-673.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F2(TMPDIR)108 690 Q F0 .274(If set,)144
-702 R F2(Bash)2.774 E F0 .274(uses its v)2.774 F .274
-(alue as the name of a directory in which)-.25 F F2(Bash)2.773 E F0 .273
-(creates temporary \214les for the)2.773 F(shell')144 714 Q 2.5(su)-.55
-G(se.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96 E(15)190.95 E
-0 Cg EP
-%%Page: 16 16
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(auto_r)108 84 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .53(This v)
-144 96 R .53(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.03(wt)-.25 G .531
+213.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(TMPDIR)108 230.4 Q F0 .274(If set,)144
+242.4 R F1(Bash)2.774 E F0 .274(uses its v)2.774 F .274
+(alue as the name of a directory in which)-.25 F F1(Bash)2.773 E F0 .273
+(creates temporary \214les for the)2.773 F(shell')144 254.4 Q 2.5(su)
+-.55 G(se.)-2.5 E F1(auto_r)108 271.2 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .53(This v)144
+283.2 R .53(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.03(wt)-.25 G .531
 (he shell interacts with the user and job control.)-3.03 F .531
-(If this v)5.531 F .531(ariable is set,)-.25 F .539(single w)144 108 R
+(If this v)5.531 F .531(ariable is set,)-.25 F .539(single w)144 295.2 R
 .538(ord simple commands without redirections are treated as candidates\
- for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 120 S .366(isting stopped job)
+ for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 307.2 S .366(isting stopped job)
 .15 F 5.366(.T)-.4 G .366(here is no ambiguity allo)-5.366 F .366
 (wed; if there is more than one job be)-.25 F .367(ginning with)-.15 F
 1.125(the string typed, the job most recently accessed is selected.)144
-132 R(The)6.125 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.985 E F0 1.124
-(of a stopped job, in this)3.805 F(conte)144 144 Q 1.132
+319.2 R(The)6.125 E F2(name)3.985 E F0 1.124(of a stopped job, in this)
+3.805 F(conte)144 331.2 Q 1.132
 (xt, is the command line used to start it.)-.15 F 1.133(If set to the v)
 6.133 F(alue)-.25 E F2 -.2(ex)3.633 G(act).2 E F0 3.633(,t).68 G 1.133
 (he string supplied must)-3.633 F .625
-(match the name of a stopped job e)144 156 R .624(xactly; if set to)-.15
-F F2(substring)3.124 E F0 3.124(,t).22 G .624
+(match the name of a stopped job e)144 343.2 R .624(xactly; if set to)
+-.15 F F2(substring)3.124 E F0 3.124(,t).22 G .624
 (he string supplied needs to match a)-3.124 F .884
-(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 168 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he)
+(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 355.2 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he)
 -5.884 E F2(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .885(lue pro).25 F .885
-(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 180 Q F1(%?)3.334 E F0
-.834(job identi\214er \(see)5.834 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .834(JOB CONTR)
-3.334 F(OL)-.27 E F0(belo)3.084 E 3.334(w\). If)-.25 F .834(set to an)
-3.334 F 3.334(yo)-.15 G .834(ther v)-3.334 F .833
-(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F .315
-(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 192 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316
+(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 367.2 Q F1(%?)3.334 E
+F0 .834(job identi\214er \(see)5.834 F F3 .834(JOB CONTR)3.334 F(OL)-.27
+E F0(belo)3.084 E 3.334(w\). If)-.25 F .834(set to an)3.334 F 3.334(yo)
+-.15 G .834(ther v)-3.334 F .833(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F .315
+(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 379.2 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316
 (ame; this pro)-2.816 F .316(vides functionality analogous to the)-.15 F
-F1(%)2.816 E F2(string)A F0(job)2.816 E(identi\214er)144 204 Q(.)-.55 E
-F1(histchars)108 220.8 Q F0 2.07(The tw)144 232.8 R 4.57(oo)-.1 G 4.57
-(rt)-4.57 G 2.07(hree characters which control history e)-4.57 F 2.07
+F1(%)2.816 E F2(string)A F0(job)2.816 E(identi\214er)144 391.2 Q(.)-.55
+E F1(histchars)108 408 Q F0 2.07(The tw)144 420 R 4.57(oo)-.1 G 4.57(rt)
+-4.57 G 2.07(hree characters which control history e)-4.57 F 2.07
 (xpansion and tok)-.15 F 2.07(enization \(see)-.1 F F3(HIST)4.569 E(OR)
--.162 E(Y)-.315 E(EXP)144 244.8 Q(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.465 E 3.715
+-.162 E(Y)-.315 E(EXP)144 432 Q(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.465 E 3.715
 (w\). The)-.25 F 1.215(\214rst character is the)3.715 F F2 1.216
 (history e)3.715 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)3.716 E 3.716(,t)-.4 G
 1.216(he character which)-3.716 F .798(signals the start of a history e)
-144 256.8 R .798(xpansion, normally `)-.15 F F1(!)A F0 3.298('. The)B
-.798(second character is the)3.298 F F2(quic)3.298 E 3.298(ks)-.2 G
-(ubstitu-)-3.298 E(tion)144 268.8 Q F0(character)2.739 E 2.739(,w)-.4 G
+144 444 R .798(xpansion, normally `)-.15 F F1(!)A F0 3.298('. The)B .798
+(second character is the)3.298 F F2(quic)3.298 E 3.298(ks)-.2 G
+(ubstitu-)-3.298 E(tion)144 456 Q F0(character)2.739 E 2.739(,w)-.4 G
 .239(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre)-2.739 F .24
 (vious command entered, substitut-)-.25 F .576
-(ing one string for another in the command.)144 280.8 R .575(The def)
-5.575 F .575(ault is `)-.1 F F1(^)A F0 3.075('. The)B .575
+(ing one string for another in the command.)144 468 R .575(The def)5.575
+F .575(ault is `)-.1 F F1(^)A F0 3.075('. The)B .575
 (optional third character is the)3.075 F .223(character which indicates\
  that the remainder of the line is a comment when found as the \214rst \
-char)144 292.8 R(-)-.2 E 1.294(acter of a w)144 304.8 R 1.294
+char)144 480 R(-)-.2 E 1.294(acter of a w)144 492 R 1.294
 (ord, normally `)-.1 F F1(#)A F0 3.794('. The)B 1.293
 (history comment character causes history substitution to be)3.794 F
-.379(skipped for the remaining w)144 316.8 R .379(ords on the line.)-.1
-F .38(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat)5.379 F
-(the rest of the line as a comment.)144 328.8 Q F1(Arrays)87 345.6 Q
-(Bash)108 357.6 Q F0(pro)3.391 E .891(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 3.391(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.391 F 1.191 -.15
-(ve a)-.25 H .891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G
-.89(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 369.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.379(skipped for the remaining w)144 504 R .379(ords on the line.)-.1 F
+.38(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat)5.379 F
+(the rest of the line as a comment.)144 516 Q F1(Arrays)87 532.8 Q(Bash)
+108 544.8 Q F0(pro)3.391 E .891(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 3.391(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.391 F 1.191 -.15(ve a)
+-.25 H .891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G .89
+(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 556.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
 2.573(da).15 G .073(rray; the)-2.573 F F1(declar)2.573 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2
 (bu)2.573 G .073(iltin will e).2 F .073(xplicitly declare an array)-.15
 F 5.073(.T)-.65 G .074(here is no maximum limit on the size of)-5.073 F
-.329(an array)108 381.6 R 2.829(,n)-.65 G .329(or an)-2.829 F 2.829(yr)
+.329(an array)108 568.8 R 2.829(,n)-.65 G .329(or an)-2.829 F 2.829(yr)
 -.15 G .329(equirement that members be inde)-2.829 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
 2.829(do).15 G 2.829(ra)-2.829 G .328(ssigned contiguously)-2.829 F
 5.328(.I)-.65 G(nde)-5.328 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.828(da).15 G .328
-(rrays are refer)-2.828 F(-)-.2 E 1.386(enced using inte)108 393.6 R
+(rrays are refer)-2.828 F(-)-.2 E 1.386(enced using inte)108 580.8 R
 1.386(gers \(including arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.887(xpressions\) and)-.15 F
 1.387(are zero-based; associati)3.887 F 1.687 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.387
-(rrays are refer).15 F(-)-.2 E(enced using arbitrary strings.)108 405.6
-Q 2.463(An inde)108 422.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.963(da).15 G 2.463
+(rrays are refer).15 F(-)-.2 E(enced using arbitrary strings.)108 592.8
+Q 2.463(An inde)108 609.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.963(da).15 G 2.463
 (rray is created automatically if an)-4.963 F 4.963(yv)-.15 G 2.462
 (ariable is assigned to using the syntax)-5.213 F F2(name)4.962 E F0([)A
-F2(sub-)A(script)108 434.4 Q F0(]=)A F2(value)A F0 5.682(.T)C(he)-5.682
+F2(sub-)A(script)108 621.6 Q F0(]=)A F2(value)A F0 5.682(.T)C(he)-5.682
 E F2(subscript)3.522 E F0 .682(is treated as an arithmetic e)3.862 F
 .682(xpression that must e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .682
-(luate to a number greater).25 F .75(than or equal to zero.)108 446.4 R
+(luate to a number greater).25 F .75(than or equal to zero.)108 633.6 R
 2.349 -.8(To e)5.749 H .749(xplicitly declare an inde).65 F -.15(xe)-.15
 G 3.249(da).15 G(rray)-3.249 E 3.249(,u)-.65 G(se)-3.249 E F1(declar)
 3.249 E 3.249<65ad>-.18 G(a)-3.249 E F2(name)3.249 E F0(\(see)3.249 E F3
-.749(SHELL B)3.249 F(UIL)-.09 E(TIN)-.828 E(COMMANDS)108 458.4 Q F0
+.749(SHELL B)3.249 F(UIL)-.09 E(TIN)-.828 E(COMMANDS)108 645.6 Q F0
 (belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(declar)5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(a)-2.5 E F2(name)
 2.5 E F1([)A F2(subscript)A F1(])A F0(is also accepted; the)2.5 E F2
-(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E(Associati)108 475.2 Q .3 -.15
+(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E(Associati)108 662.4 Q .3 -.15
 (ve a)-.25 H(rrays are created using).15 E F1(declar)2.5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18
-G(A)-2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108 492 Q .94
+G(A)-2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108 679.2 Q .94
 (utes may be speci\214ed for an array v)-.2 F .941(ariable using the)
 -.25 F F1(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.441 E F1 -.18(re)3.441 G
 (adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 G 3.441(iltins. Each).2 F(attrib)3.441 E
-(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 504 Q(.)-.65 E 1.647
-(Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form)108 520.8
-R F2(name)4.147 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F0 -.25(va)C(lue).25 E F2(1)A F0 1.647
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+-.15 F(and)108 698.4 Q F2(incr)3.032 E F0 3.032(,a)C 3.032(no)-3.032 G
 .532(ptional increment, is an inte)-3.032 F(ger)-.15 E 5.532(.W)-.55 G
 .532(hen inte)-5.532 F .532(gers are supplied, the e)-.15 F .532
-(xpression e)-.15 F .532(xpands to each)-.15 F .078(number between)108
-499.2 R F1(x)2.578 E F0(and)2.578 E F1(y)2.578 E F0 2.578(,i)C(nclusi)
--2.578 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.078(.S).15 G .078(upplied inte)-5.078 F .077
-(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F .077(ed with)-.15 F F1(0)2.577 E F0 .077
-(to force each term to ha)2.577 F .377 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .014
-(same width.)108 511.2 R .014(When either)5.014 F F1(x)2.514 E F0(or)
-2.514 E F1(y)2.514 E F0(be)2.514 E .015(gins with a zero, the shell att\
-empts to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.143
-(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 523.2 R
-6.143(.W)-.65 G 1.143(hen characters are supplied, the e)-6.143 F
-(xpression)-.15 E -.15(ex)108 535.2 S .541(pands to each character le)
-.15 F .541(xicographically between)-.15 F F1(x)3.041 E F0(and)3.042 E F1
-(y)3.042 E F0 3.042(,i)C(nclusi)-3.042 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.542(.N).15 G
-.542(ote that both)-5.542 F F1(x)3.042 E F0(and)3.042 E F1(y)3.042 E F0
-.542(must be of)3.042 F .183(the same type.)108 547.2 R .182
-(When the increment is supplied, it is used as the dif)5.183 F .182
-(ference between each term.)-.25 F .182(The def)5.182 F(ault)-.1 E
-(increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)108 559.2 Q .581(Brace e)108 576 R
-.581(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.081(yo)-.15 G .581(ther e)
--3.081 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.082(yc)-.15 G .582
-(haracters special to other e)-3.082 F(xpansions)-.15 E .016
-(are preserv)108 588 R .016(ed in the result.)-.15 F .016
-(It is strictly te)5.016 F(xtual.)-.15 E F2(Bash)5.016 E F0 .015
-(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.515(ys)-.15 G .015
-(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.515 F(te)108 600 Q(xt of the e)
--.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E(xt between the braces.)-.15 E 3.632(Ac)
-108 616.8 S 1.132(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.632 F 1.132(xpansion must \
-contain unquoted opening and closing braces, and at least one)-.15 F
-3.441(unquoted comma or a v)108 628.8 R 3.441(alid sequence e)-.25 F
-5.941(xpression. An)-.15 F 5.941(yi)-.15 G 3.441
-(ncorrectly formed brace e)-5.941 F 3.44(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755
-(unchanged. A)108 640.8 R F2({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F2(,)2.755 E F0
-.255(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.755 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .255
-(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.911
-(sion. T)108 652.8 R 2.911(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.111 G .411
-(id con\215icts with parameter e).2 F .411(xpansion, the string)-.15 F
-F2(${)2.911 E F0 .41(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F
-(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 664.8 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \
-as shorthand when the common pre\214x of the strings to be generated is)
-108 681.6 R(longer than in the abo)108 693.6 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H
-(ample:).15 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 710.4 Q -.65(w,)-.25
-G(dist,b).65 E(ugs})-.2 E(or)108 722.4 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q
-(2009 February 7)140.96 E(17)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+(xpression e)-.15 F .531(xpands to each)-.15 F .077(number between)108
+710.4 R F2(x)2.577 E F0(and)2.577 E F2(y)2.577 E F0 2.577(,i)C(nclusi)
+-2.577 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.077(.S).15 G .077(upplied inte)-5.077 F .077
+(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F .077(ed with)-.15 F F2(0)2.577 E F0 .078
+(to force each term to ha)2.578 F .378 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .015
+(same width.)108 722.4 R .015(When either)5.015 F F2(x)2.515 E F0(or)
+2.515 E F2(y)2.515 E F0(be)2.515 E .014(gins with a zero, the shell att\
+empts to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768
+Q(2009 December 29)135.965 E(17)185.955 E 0 Cg EP
 %%Page: 18 18
 %%BeginPageSetup
 BP
 %%EndPageSetup
 /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E(cho)144 84 Q(wn root /usr/{ucb/{e)-.25 E(x,edit},lib/{e)-.15 E
-(x?.?*,ho)-.15 E(w_e)-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 100.8 R .618
+-.35 E 1.143(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108
+84 R 6.143(.W)-.65 G 1.143(hen characters are supplied, the e)-6.143 F
+(xpression)-.15 E -.15(ex)108 96 S .542(pands to each character le).15 F
+.542(xicographically between)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)3.042 E F0
+(and)3.042 E F1(y)3.042 E F0 3.042(,i)C(nclusi)-3.042 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+5.542(.N).15 G .542(ote that both)-5.542 F F1(x)3.041 E F0(and)3.041 E
+F1(y)3.041 E F0 .541(must be of)3.041 F .182(the same type.)108 108 R
+.182(When the increment is supplied, it is used as the dif)5.182 F .183
+(ference between each term.)-.25 F .183(The def)5.183 F(ault)-.1 E
+(increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)108 120 Q .582(Brace e)108 136.8 R
+.582(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.082(yo)-.15 G .581(ther e)
+-3.082 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.081(yc)-.15 G .581
+(haracters special to other e)-3.081 F(xpansions)-.15 E .015
+(are preserv)108 148.8 R .015(ed in the result.)-.15 F .015
+(It is strictly te)5.015 F(xtual.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Bash)
+5.016 E F0 .016(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.516(ys)-.15 G .016
+(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.516 F(te)108 160.8 Q
+(xt of the e)-.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E(xt between the braces.)
+-.15 E 3.633(Ac)108 177.6 S 1.133(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.633 F 1.132
+(xpansion must contain unquoted opening and closing braces, and at leas\
+t one)-.15 F 3.44(unquoted comma or a v)108 189.6 R 3.441
+(alid sequence e)-.25 F 5.941(xpression. An)-.15 F 5.941(yi)-.15 G 3.441
+(ncorrectly formed brace e)-5.941 F 3.441(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755
+(unchanged. A)108 201.6 R F2({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F2(,)2.755 E F0
+.255(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.755 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .255
+(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.91
+(sion. T)108 213.6 R 2.91(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.11 G .41
+(id con\215icts with parameter e).2 F .411(xpansion, the string)-.15 F
+F2(${)2.911 E F0 .411(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F
+(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 225.6 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \
+as shorthand when the common pre\214x of the strings to be generated is)
+108 242.4 R(longer than in the abo)108 254.4 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H
+(ample:).15 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 271.2 Q -.65(w,)-.25
+G(dist,b).65 E(ugs})-.2 E(or)108 283.2 Q(cho)144 295.2 Q
+(wn root /usr/{ucb/{e)-.25 E(x,edit},lib/{e)-.15 E(x?.?*,ho)-.15 E(w_e)
+-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 312 R .618
 (xpansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical v)-.15 F
-.618(ersions of)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F1(sh)
-5.618 E F0 .618(does not treat open-)3.118 F .247
-(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 112.8 R 2.747(ya)-.15 G
-.247(ppear as part of a w)-2.747 F .248(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .248
-(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.248 E F0(remo)108 124.8 Q -.15
+.618(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F2(sh)5.618 E F0 .618
+(does not treat open-)3.118 F .248
+(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 324 R 2.748(ya)-.15 G .247
+(ppear as part of a w)-2.748 F .247(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .247
+(es them in the output.)-.15 F F2(Bash)5.247 E F0(remo)108 336 Q -.15
 (ve)-.15 G 3.53(sb).15 G 1.03(races from w)-3.53 F 1.03
 (ords as a consequence of brace e)-.1 F 3.53(xpansion. F)-.15 F 1.03
-(or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F1(sh)
-3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le{1,2})108 136.8 Q F0
-.514(appears identically in the output.)3.014 F .515(The same w)5.515 F
-.515(ord is output as)-.1 F F2 .515(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .515
-(after e)3.035 F .515(xpansion by)-.15 F F1(bash)3.015 E F0(.)A .437
-(If strict compatibility with)108 148.8 R F1(sh)2.936 E F0 .436
-(is desired, start)2.936 F F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F1
-(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .436
-(xpansion with the)-.15 F F1(+B)108 160.8 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F1
-(set)2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
-(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 -.18(Ti)
-87 177.6 S(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.086(If a w)108 189.6 R 1.086(ord be)
--.1 F 1.086(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F1(~)A F0
-1.087('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(\
-slash \(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are consider\
-ed a)108 201.6 R F2(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685
-(fn)-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .725(in the tilde-pre\
-\214x are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 213.6 R
-.726(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F2(lo)108 225.6 Q
-.523(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.523(.I)C 3.023(ft)-5.523 G .523
+(or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F2(sh)
+3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E F1(\214le{1,2})108 348 Q F0 .515
+(appears identically in the output.)3.015 F .515(The same w)5.515 F .515
+(ord is output as)-.1 F F1 .514(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .514(after e)
+3.034 F .514(xpansion by)-.15 F F2(bash)3.014 E F0(.)A .436
+(If strict compatibility with)108 360 R F2(sh)2.936 E F0 .436
+(is desired, start)2.936 F F2(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F2
+(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .437
+(xpansion with the)-.15 F F2(+B)108 372 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F2(set)
+2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09
+E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -.18(Ti)87 388.8 S
+(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.087(If a w)108 400.8 R 1.087(ord be)-.1 F
+1.087(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F2(~)A F0 1.086
+('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(slash\
+ \(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are considered a)
+108 412.8 R F1(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685(fn)
+-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .726(in the tilde-pre\214x\
+ are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 424.8 R .725
+(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F1(lo)108 436.8 Q .522
+(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.522(.I)C 3.022(ft)-5.522 G .522
 (his login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the v)
--3.023 F .522(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 237.6 Q/F4
-9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.786 E F3(HOME)2.786 E F0 .287
-(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.536 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .287
-(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.287 E(-)-.2 E(w\
+-3.022 F .523(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 448.8 Q/F4
+9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.787 E F3(HOME)2.787 E F0 .287
+(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.537 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .286
+(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.286 E(-)-.2 E(w\
 ise, the tilde-pre\214x is replaced with the home directory associated \
-with the speci\214ed login name.)108 249.6 Q .093
-(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 266.4 R .092
+with the speci\214ed login name.)108 460.8 Q .092
+(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 477.6 R .092
 (alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(PWD)2.592 E F0 .092
-(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .092(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
-5.092 F 3.403(a`)108 278.4 S .903(~\255', the v)-3.403 F .903
+(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .093(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
+5.093 F 3.404(a`)108 489.6 S .904(~\255', the v)-3.404 F .904
 (alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(OLDPWD)3.404 E F4(,)A F0
-.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .904(If the characters follo)
-5.904 F .904(wing the)-.25 F 1.642
-(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 290.4 R F2(N)4.142
-E F0 4.142(,o)C 1.642(ptionally pre\214x)-4.142 F 1.641
-(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is)-.15 F 1.437(replaced w\
+.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .903(If the characters follo)
+5.903 F .903(wing the)-.25 F 1.641
+(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 501.6 R F1(N)4.141
+E F0 4.142(,o)C 1.642(ptionally pre\214x)-4.142 F 1.642
+(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is)-.15 F 1.438(replaced w\
 ith the corresponding element from the directory stack, as it w)108
-302.4 R 1.438(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F1(dirs)3.938 E F0 -.2(bu)
-108 314.4 S .455(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.955(dw).1 G
-.455(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.955 F 2.954(gument. If)-.18 F
-.454(the characters follo)2.954 F .454
+513.6 R 1.437(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F2(dirs)3.937 E F0 -.2(bu)
+108 525.6 S .454(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.954(dw).1 G
+.454(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.954 F 2.954(gument. If)-.18 F
+.454(the characters follo)2.954 F .455
 (wing the tilde in the tilde-pre\214x)-.25 F
 (consist of a number without a leading `+' or `\255', `+' is assumed.)
-108 326.4 Q(If the login name is in)108 343.2 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
+108 537.6 Q(If the login name is in)108 554.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
 (lid, or the tilde e).25 E(xpansion f)-.15 E(ails, the w)-.1 E
-(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .166(Each v)108 360 R .167
+(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .167(Each v)108 571.2 R .167
 (ariable assignment is check)-.25 F .167(ed for unquoted tilde-pre\214x)
--.1 F .167(es immediately follo)-.15 F .167(wing a)-.25 F F1(:)2.667 E
-F0 .167(or the \214rst)2.667 F F1(=)2.667 E F0 5.167(.I)C(n)-5.167 E
-.282(these cases, tilde e)108 372 R .282(xpansion is also performed.)
+-.1 F .167(es immediately follo)-.15 F .167(wing a)-.25 F F2(:)2.667 E
+F0 .167(or the \214rst)2.667 F F2(=)2.666 E F0 5.166(.I)C(n)-5.166 E
+.281(these cases, tilde e)108 583.2 R .282(xpansion is also performed.)
 -.15 F(Consequently)5.282 E 2.782(,o)-.65 G .282
 (ne may use \214le names with tildes in assign-)-2.782 F(ments to)108
-384 Q F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(MAILP)2.25 E -.855(AT)-.666
-G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(CDP)2.5 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E
-F4(,)A F0(and the shell assigns the e)2.25 E(xpanded v)-.15 E(alue.)-.25
-E F1 -.1(Pa)87 400.8 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0 1.605(The `)108 412.8 R
-F1($)A F0 4.105('c)C 1.605(haracter introduces parameter e)-4.105 F
-1.606(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F 4.106
-(xpansion. The)-.15 F .407(parameter name or symbol to be e)108 424.8 R
-.407(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)-.15 F .406
-(ut serv)-.2 F 2.906(et)-.15 G 2.906(op)-2.906 G(ro-)-2.906 E .032
-(tect the v)108 436.8 R .032(ariable to be e)-.25 F .032
-(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .033
-(wing it which could be interpreted as part)-.25 F(of the name.)108
-448.8 Q 1.19
+595.2 Q F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(MAILP)2.25 E -.855(AT)
+-.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(CDP)2.5 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H)
+.855 E F4(,)A F0(and the shell assigns the e)2.25 E(xpanded v)-.15 E
+(alue.)-.25 E F2 -.1(Pa)87 612 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0 1.606(The `)
+108 624 R F2($)A F0 4.106('c)C 1.606(haracter introduces parameter e)
+-4.106 F 1.605(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F
+4.105(xpansion. The)-.15 F .406(parameter name or symbol to be e)108 636
+R .407(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)-.15 F
+.407(ut serv)-.2 F 2.907(et)-.15 G 2.907(op)-2.907 G(ro-)-2.907 E .033
+(tect the v)108 648 R .033(ariable to be e)-.25 F .033
+(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .032
+(wing it which could be interpreted as part)-.25 F(of the name.)108 660
+Q 1.189
 (When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the \214rst `)108
-465.6 R F1(})A F0 3.689('n)C 1.189
-(ot escaped by a backslash or within a)-3.689 F 2.15
-(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108 477.6 R 2.15
-(xpansion, command substitution, or parameter)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 489.6 S
-(pansion.).15 E(${)108 506.4 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A 1.205
-(The v)144 518.4 R 1.205(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.705 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
-1.204(is substituted.)3.705 F 1.204(The braces are required when)6.204 F
-F2(par)4.954 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.204(is a positional)4.434 F .264
-(parameter with more than one digit, or when)144 530.4 R F2(par)4.014 E
-(ameter)-.15 E F0 .264(is follo)3.494 F .264
-(wed by a character which is not to)-.25 F
-(be interpreted as part of its name.)144 542.4 Q 1.509
-(If the \214rst character of)108 559.2 R F2(par)4.009 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
-1.509(is an e)4.009 F 1.509(xclamation point, a le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-4.009(lo).15 G 4.008(fv)-4.009 G 1.508
-(ariable indirection is introduced.)-4.258 F F1(Bash)108 571.2 Q F0 .106
-(uses the v)2.606 F .106(alue of the v)-.25 F .106
-(ariable formed from the rest of)-.25 F F2(par)2.606 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
-.106(as the name of the v)2.606 F .106(ariable; this v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25
-E .352(able is then e)108 583.2 R .352(xpanded and that v)-.15 F .351
-(alue is used in the rest of the substitution, rather than the v)-.25 F
-.351(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.851 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)108 595.2 Q F0 2.519
-(itself. This)2.519 F .019(is kno)2.519 F .019(wn as)-.25 F F2(indir)
-2.519 E .019(ect e)-.37 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 5.019(.T)C .019(he e)-5.019
-F .02(xceptions to this are the e)-.15 F .02(xpansions of ${!)-.15 F F2
-(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .02(*} and)B(${)108 607.2 Q F1(!)A F2(name)A F0
-([)A F2(@)A F0 .763(]} described belo)B 4.563 -.65(w. T)-.25 H .763
-(he e).65 F .763(xclamation point must immediately follo)-.15 F 3.263
-(wt)-.25 G .763(he left brace in order to)-3.263 F
-(introduce indirection.)108 619.2 Q .334(In each of the cases belo)108
-636 R -.65(w,)-.25 G F2(wor)3.484 E(d)-.37 E F0 .334
-(is subject to tilde e)2.834 F .334(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .334
-(xpansion, command substitution,)-.15 F(and arithmetic e)108 648 Q
-(xpansion.)-.15 E .698(When not performing substring e)108 664.8 R .698
-(xpansion, using the forms documented belo)-.15 F -.65(w,)-.25 G F1
-(bash)3.848 E F0 .697(tests for a parameter)3.198 F
-(that is unset or null.)108 676.8 Q(Omitting the colon results in a tes\
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+(ym)-.15 G .719(ay be remo)-3.219 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.219(dd).15 G .719
+(uring w)-3.219 F .719(ord splitting.)-.1 F .719
+(The command substitution)5.719 F F1($\(cat)3.219 E F2(\214le)3.219 E F1
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+F1(\))A F0(.)A 1.724(When the old-style backquote form of substitution \
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+E .315(when follo)108 177.6 R .315(wed by)-.25 F F1($)2.815 E F0(,)A F1
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+(mand; none are treated specially)108 201.6 Q(.)-.65 E .894
+(Command substitutions may be nested.)108 218.4 R 2.494 -.8(To n)5.894 H
+.894(est when using the backquoted form, escape the inner back-).8 F
+(quotes with backslashes.)108 230.4 Q .422
+(If the substitution appears within double quotes, w)108 247.2 R .422
+(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .423(xpansion are not performed)-.15
+F(on the results.)108 259.2 Q F1(Arithmetic Expansion)87 276 Q F0 1.035
+(Arithmetic e)108 288 R 1.035(xpansion allo)-.15 F 1.035(ws the e)-.25 F
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 (xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F
-(The format for arithmetic e)108 108 Q(xpansion is:)-.15 E F1($\(\()144
-124.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1(\)\))A
-F0(The)108 141.6 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.666 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 .165
-(is treated as if it were within double quotes, b)2.906 F .165
-(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F 1.074
-(treated specially)108 153.6 R 6.074(.A)-.65 G 1.074(ll tok)-6.074 F
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+(is treated as if it were within double quotes, b)2.905 F .166
+(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F 1.075
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-(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.074(xpansion, string e)-.15 F 1.075
-(xpansion, command)-.15 F(substitution, and quote remo)108 165.6 Q -.25
+(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.074(xpansion, string e)-.15 F 1.074
+(xpansion, command)-.15 F(substitution, and quote remo)108 357.6 Q -.25
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-(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.379(The e)108 182.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G
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-A F0(If)5.878 E F2 -.2(ex)108 194.4 S(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(is in)
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--.1 E F1(Pr)87 211.2 Q(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F2(Pr)108 223.2 Q .97
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 (ocess substitution)-.45 F F0 .971
-(is supported on systems that support named pipes \()3.47 F F2(FIFOs)A
-F0 3.471(\)o)C 3.471(rt)-3.471 G(he)-3.471 E F1(/de)3.471 E(v/fd)-.15 E
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-(It tak)5.022 F .021(es the form of)-.1 F F1(<\()2.521 E F2(list)A F1
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-(.T)C .021(he process)-5.021 F F2(list)2.521 E F0 .021
-(is run with its input or output con-)2.521 F .058(nected to a)108 247.2
-R F2(FIFO)2.558 E F0 .058(or some \214le in)2.558 F F1(/de)2.558 E(v/fd)
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+(he process)-5.021 F F2(list)2.521 E F0 .021
+(is run with its input or output con-)2.521 F .059(nected to a)108 439.2
+R F2(FIFO)2.559 E F0 .058(or some \214le in)2.559 F F1(/de)2.558 E(v/fd)
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--5.058 F .059(gument to the current com-)-.18 F .131
-(mand as the result of the e)108 259.2 R 2.631(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the)
+-5.058 F .058(gument to the current com-)-.18 F .13
+(mand as the result of the e)108 451.2 R 2.63(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the)
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-(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)2.63 F .13(vide input for)
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+(.)A .897(When a)108 480 R -.25(va)-.2 G .896(ilable, process substitut\
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-(he def)-4.288 F 1.788(ault, then)-.1 F .021(sequences of)108 381.6 R F1
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-108 417.6 R .315(ginning and end of the w)-.15 F .315
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-(alue of)-.25 F F3(IFS)2.815 E F0(\(an)2.565 E F3(IFS)108 429.6 Q F0
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-(haracter in)-3.553 F F3(IFS)3.553 E F0 1.053(that is not)3.303 F F3
-(IFS)3.553 E F0 1.054(whitespace, along with an)3.304 F 3.554(ya)-.15 G
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-(whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)108 441.6 R 2.832(As)5.332 G
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-(ginning with a)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.63(``)3.114 G -.55(.').63
-G(')-.08 E F0 .614(will match.)5.614 F 2.213 -.8(To g)5.614 H .613
-(et the old beha).8 F .613(vior of ignoring)-.2 F .456(\214le names be)
-108 96 R .456(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.957 G -.55(.').63 G(')
--.08 E F0 2.957(,m)C(ak)-2.957 E(e)-.1 E F1 -.63(``)2.957 G(.*').63 E(')
--.63 E F0 .457(one of the patterns in)5.457 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(GLOBIGNORE)2.957 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)4.957 E F1(dotglob)
-2.957 E F0 .457(option is)2.957 F(disabled when)108 108 Q F2(GLOBIGNORE)
-2.5 E F0(is unset.)2.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)108 124.8 S(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G
-(atching)-2.5 E F0(An)108 141.6 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(haracter that ap\
-pears in a pattern, other than the special pattern characters described\
- belo)-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 3.62(itself. The)108
-153.6 R 1.12(NUL character may not occur in a pattern.)3.62 F 3.62(Ab)
-6.12 G 1.12(ackslash escapes the follo)-3.62 F 1.12(wing character; the)
--.25 F .576(escaping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 165.6 R
-.576(The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.576 F 3.076
-(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.076 E(to be matched literally)108 177.6 Q(.)-.65 E
-(The special pattern characters ha)108 194.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
-(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)108 211.2 Q F0 .455
-(Matches an)31 F 2.955(ys)-.15 G .455(tring, including the null string.)
--2.955 F .455(When the)5.455 F F1(globstar)2.955 E F0 .455
-(shell option is enabled, and)2.955 F F1(*)2.955 E F0(is)2.955 E .576
-(used in a \214lename e)144 223.2 R .576(xpansion conte)-.15 F .575
-(xt, tw)-.15 F 3.075(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-3.075 E F1(*)3.075 E F0 3.075(su)
-C .575(sed as a single pattern will match all \214les)-3.075 F 1.183
-(and zero or more directories and subdirectories.)144 235.2 R 1.183
+.63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .004(are al)5.633 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .004
+(ys ignored when).1 F F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.504 E F0(is)2.254 E .046
+(set and not null.)108 280.8 R(Ho)5.046 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .846
+-.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.546 E F0 .046
+(to a non-null v)2.296 F .045(alue has the ef)-.25 F .045
+(fect of enabling the)-.25 F F1(dotglob)2.545 E F0 .613
+(shell option, so all other \214le names be)108 292.8 R .614
+(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.114 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .614
+(will match.)5.614 F 2.214 -.8(To g)5.614 H .614(et the old beha).8 F
+.614(vior of ignoring)-.2 F .457(\214le names be)108 304.8 R .457
+(ginning with a)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.957 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0
+2.957(,m)C(ak)-2.957 E(e)-.1 E F1 -.63(``)2.957 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0
+.457(one of the patterns in)5.457 F F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.957 E/F4 9
+/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)4.957 E F1(dotglob)2.956 E F0 .456
+(option is)2.956 F(disabled when)108 316.8 Q F3(GLOBIGNORE)2.5 E F0
+(is unset.)2.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)108 333.6 S(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G(atching)
+-2.5 E F0(An)108 350.4 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(haracter that appears in \
+a pattern, other than the special pattern characters described belo)
+-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 3.62(itself. The)108 362.4
+R 1.12(NUL character may not occur in a pattern.)3.62 F 3.62(Ab)6.12 G
+1.12(ackslash escapes the follo)-3.62 F 1.12(wing character; the)-.25 F
+.576(escaping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 374.4 R .576
+(The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.576 F 3.076(ya)
+-.15 G(re)-3.076 E(to be matched literally)108 386.4 Q(.)-.65 E
+(The special pattern characters ha)108 403.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
+(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)108 420 Q F0 .455(Matches an)
+31 F 2.955(ys)-.15 G .455(tring, including the null string.)-2.955 F
+.455(When the)5.455 F F1(globstar)2.955 E F0 .455
+(shell option is enabled, and)2.955 F F1(*)2.955 E F0(is)2.955 E .314
+(used in a pathname e)144 432 R .314(xpansion conte)-.15 F .314(xt, tw)
+-.15 F 2.814(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-2.814 E F1(*)2.814 E F0 2.814(su)C .314
+(sed as a single pattern will match all \214les)-2.814 F 1.183
+(and zero or more directories and subdirectories.)144 444 R 1.183
 (If follo)6.183 F 1.183(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.683 E F0 3.683(,t)C 1.383
--.1(wo a)-3.683 H(djacent).1 E F1(*)3.683 E F0 3.684(sw)C 1.184
-(ill match)-3.684 F(only directories and subdirectories.)144 247.2 Q F1
-(?)108 259.2 Q F0(Matches an)31 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E
-(.)-.55 E F1([...])108 271.2 Q F0 .257(Matches an)21.84 F 2.757(yo)-.15
-G .257(ne of the enclosed characters.)-2.757 F 2.757(Ap)5.257 G .257
-(air of characters separated by a h)-2.757 F .256(yphen denotes a)-.05 F
-/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)144 283.2 S(ng).15 E 3.289(ee)-.1 G
-(xpr)-3.489 E(ession)-.37 E F0 3.289(;a)C 1.089 -.15(ny c)-3.289 H .789
+-.1(wo a)-3.683 H(djacent).1 E F1(*)3.683 E F0 3.683(sw)C 1.183
+(ill match)-3.683 F(only directories and subdirectories.)144 456 Q F1(?)
+108 468 Q F0(Matches an)31 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55
+E F1([...])108 480 Q F0 .256(Matches an)21.84 F 2.756(yo)-.15 G .257
+(ne of the enclosed characters.)-2.756 F 2.757(Ap)5.257 G .257
+(air of characters separated by a h)-2.757 F .257(yphen denotes a)-.05 F
+F2 -.15(ra)144 492 S(ng).15 E 3.29(ee)-.1 G(xpr)-3.49 E(ession)-.37 E F0
+3.29(;a)C 1.09 -.15(ny c)-3.29 H .789
 (haracter that sorts between those tw).15 F 3.289(oc)-.1 G .789
-(haracters, inclusi)-3.289 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.29(,u).15 G .79
-(sing the cur)-3.29 F(-)-.2 E .35(rent locale')144 295.2 R 2.85(sc)-.55
-G .35(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-2.85 F .349
-(If the \214rst character follo)5.349 F .349(wing the)-.25 F F1([)2.849
-E F0 .563(is a)144 307.2 R F1(!)3.063 E F0 .563(or a)5.563 F F1(^)3.063
-E F0 .564(then an)3.063 F 3.064(yc)-.15 G .564
-(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.064 F .564
-(The sorting order of characters in range)5.564 F -.15(ex)144 319.2 S
-1.102(pressions is determined by the current locale and the v).15 F
-1.102(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LC_COLLA)3.602 E(TE)-.95 E F0 1.102(shell v)
-3.602 F(ari-)-.25 E .088(able, if set.)144 331.2 R(A)5.088 E F1<ad>2.588
-E F0 .088(may be matched by including it as the \214rst or last charact\
-er in the set.)2.588 F(A)5.089 E F1(])2.589 E F0 .089(may be)2.589 F
-(matched by including it as the \214rst character in the set.)144 343.2
-Q -.4(Wi)144 361.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.915 E F0(and)2.915 E F1(])2.915 E
-F0(,)A F4 -.15(ch)2.915 G(ar).15 E .415(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .415
-(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)2.915 F F1([:)2.915 E F4(class)A F1
-(:])A F0 2.914(,w)C(here)-2.914 E F4(class)2.914 E F0 .414(is one of)
-2.914 F(the follo)144 373.2 Q
+(haracters, inclusi)-3.289 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.289(,u).15 G .789
+(sing the cur)-3.289 F(-)-.2 E .349(rent locale')144 504 R 2.849(sc)-.55
+G .349(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-2.849 F .35
+(If the \214rst character follo)5.349 F .35(wing the)-.25 F F1([)2.85 E
+F0 .564(is a)144 516 R F1(!)3.064 E F0 .564(or a)5.564 F F1(^)3.064 E F0
+.564(then an)3.064 F 3.064(yc)-.15 G .564
+(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.064 F .563
+(The sorting order of characters in range)5.564 F -.15(ex)144 528 S .467
+(pressions is determined by the current locale and the v).15 F .467
+(alue of the)-.25 F F3(LC_COLLA)2.967 E(TE)-.855 E F0 .467(shell v)2.717
+F(ariable,)-.25 E 1.077(if set.)144 540 R(A)6.077 E F1<ad>3.577 E F0
+1.077(may be matched by including it as the \214rst or last character i\
+n the set.)3.577 F(A)6.076 E F1(])3.576 E F0 1.076(may be)3.576 F
+(matched by including it as the \214rst character in the set.)144 552 Q
+-.4(Wi)144 570 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.914 E F0(and)2.914 E F1(])2.914 E F0
+(,)A F2 -.15(ch)2.914 G(ar).15 E .414(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .415
+(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)2.915 F F1([:)2.915 E F2(class)A F1
+(:])A F0 2.915(,w)C(here)-2.915 E F2(class)2.915 E F0 .415(is one of)
+2.915 F(the follo)144 582 Q
 (wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 5.421
-(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)144 385.2 R 5.421
-(wer print punct space upper w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E(xdigit)144 397.2 Q F0
-2.519(Ac)144 409.2 S .019(haracter class matches an)-2.519 F 2.519(yc)
--.15 G .019(haracter belonging to that class.)-2.519 F(The)5.018 E F1
--.1(wo)2.518 G(rd).1 E F0 .018(character class matches)2.518 F
-(letters, digits, and the character _.)144 421.2 Q -.4(Wi)144 439.2 S
-(thin).4 E F1([)3.546 E F0(and)3.546 E F1(])3.546 E F0 3.546(,a)C(n)
--3.546 E F4 1.046(equivalence class)3.546 F F0 1.046
-(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.546 F F1([=)3.547 E F4(c)A F1(=])
-A F0 3.547(,w)C 1.047(hich matches all)-3.547 F(characters with the sam\
+(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)144 594 R 5.421
+(wer print punct space upper w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E(xdigit)144 606 Q F0 2.518
+(Ac)144 618 S .018(haracter class matches an)-2.518 F 2.518(yc)-.15 G
+.019(haracter belonging to that class.)-2.518 F(The)5.019 E F1 -.1(wo)
+2.519 G(rd).1 E F0 .019(character class matches)2.519 F
+(letters, digits, and the character _.)144 630 Q -.4(Wi)144 648 S(thin)
+.4 E F1([)3.547 E F0(and)3.547 E F1(])3.547 E F0 3.547(,a)C(n)-3.547 E
+F2 1.046(equivalence class)3.546 F F0 1.046
+(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.546 F F1([=)3.546 E F2(c)A F1(=])
+A F0 3.546(,w)C 1.046(hich matches all)-3.546 F(characters with the sam\
 e collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as the charac\
-ter)144 451.2 Q F4(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)144 469.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.5
-E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)2.5 E F4
-(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F4(symbol)2.5 E
-F0(.)A .705(If the)108 486 R F1(extglob)3.205 E F0 .705
-(shell option is enabled using the)3.205 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu)
-3.205 G .704(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .704(ral e).15 F .704
-(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .255(are recognized.)108 498
-R .255(In the follo)5.255 F .255(wing description, a)-.25 F F4
+ter)144 660 Q F2(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)144 678 S(thin).4 E F1([)2.5 E F0
+(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)2.5 E F2
+(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F2(symbol)2.5 E
+F0(.)A .704(If the)108 694.8 R F1(extglob)3.204 E F0 .705
+(shell option is enabled using the)3.204 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu)
+3.205 G .705(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .705(ral e).15 F .705
+(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .256(are recognized.)108
+706.8 R .256(In the follo)5.256 F .256(wing description, a)-.25 F F2
 (pattern-list)2.755 E F0 .255
-(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.756 E
+(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.755 E
 F0(.)A(Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the follo)
-108 510 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E F1(?\()144 534 Q F4(pattern-list)
-.833 E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 546
-Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 558 Q F4
-(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0
-(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 570 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
-(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 582 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F1(\))
-.833 E F0(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 594 Q -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 606 Q F4(pattern-list).833
-E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 618 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np)
-.15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 630 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833
-E F0(Matches an)180 642 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)-.15 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(Quote Remo)87 658.8 Q -.1
-(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.113(After the preceding e)108 670.8 R 1.113
-(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\)
-3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.612 E F0 3.612(,a)C(nd)-3.612 E F1(")4.445 E F0
-1.112(that did not result)4.445 F(from one of the abo)108 682.8 Q .3
--.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F5
-10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 699.6 Q F0 .545
-(Before a command is e)108 711.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545
-(cuted, its input and output may be).15 F F4 -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E
-(ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F 2.77
-(by the shell.)108 723.6 R 2.769(Redirection may also be used to open a\
-nd close \214les for the current shell e)7.77 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution)
-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96 E(22)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
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+(2009 December 29)135.965 E(22)185.955 E 0 Cg EP
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--.35 E(en)108 84 Q 3.36(vironment. The)-.4 F(follo)3.36 E .86
-(wing redirection operators may precede or appear an)-.25 F .86
-(ywhere within a)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .86(simple com-)3.7 F
-(mand)108 96 Q F0(or may follo)3.27 E 2.5(wa)-.25 G F1(command)A F0 5
-(.R).77 G(edirections are processed in the order the)-5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
-(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .284(In the follo)
-108 112.8 R .283(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is \
-omitted, and the \214rst character of the redirect-)-.25 F .512
-(ion operator is)108 124.8 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(<)3.012 E F0 3.012
-(,t)C .512
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(?\()144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0
+(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
+(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 108 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1(\))
+.833 E F0(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 120 Q -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 132 Q F2(pattern-list).833
+E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 144 Q
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 156 Q F2
+(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 168 Q
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 180 Q F2
+(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches an)180 192 Q(ything e)-.15
+E(xcept one of the gi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E
+F1(Quote Remo)87 208.8 Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.112
+(After the preceding e)108 220.8 R 1.112
+(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\)
+3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0
+1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 232.8 Q .3
+-.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F3
+10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 249.6 Q F0 .545
+(Before a command is e)108 261.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545
+(cuted, its input and output may be).15 F F2 -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E
+(ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .616
+(by the shell.)108 273.6 R .617(Redirection may also be used to open an\
+d close \214les for the current shell e)5.616 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .617
+(cution en).15 F(viron-)-.4 E 3.275(ment. The)108 285.6 R(follo)3.275 E
+.774(wing redirection operators may precede or appear an)-.25 F .774
+(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .774(simple command)3.614 F F0(or)4.044 E
+(may follo)108 297.6 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G F2(command)A F0 5(.R).77 G
+(edirections are processed in the order the)-5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ppear)
+-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771(Each redirection tha\
+t may be preceded by a \214le descriptor number may instead be preceded\
+ by a w)108 314.4 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293(the form {)108 326.4 R F2
+(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293
+(this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F .293
+(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.498<618c>108 338.4
+S .999(le descriptor greater than 10 and assign it to)-3.498 F F2
+(varname)3.499 E F0 5.999(.I)C 3.499(f>)-5.999 G .999
+(&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.499 F F2(varname)A F0 .999(}, the)B -.25
+(va)108 350.4 S(lue of).25 E F2(varname)2.5 E F0
+(de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)2.5 E .284(In the follo)108
+367.2 R .283(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omit\
+ted, and the \214rst character of the redirect-)-.25 F .512
+(ion operator is)108 379.2 R F1(<)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512
 (he redirection refers to the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\).)
 -3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F
-(redirection operator is)108 136.8 Q F2(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C
+(redirection operator is)108 391.2 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C
 (he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).)
--2.5 E .825(The w)108 153.6 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824
+-2.5 E .825(The w)108 408 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824
 (wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .824
 (wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .772
-(jected to brace e)108 165.6 R .773(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .773
+(jected to brace e)108 420 R .773(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .773
 (xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .773
 (xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E .844
-(sion, quote remo)108 177.6 R -.25(va)-.15 G .843(l, pathname e).25 F
-.843(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .843(ord splitting.)-.1 F .843(If it e)5.843
-F .843(xpands to more than one w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E F2(bash)3.343 E F0
-(reports an error)108 189.6 Q(.)-.55 E
-(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 206.4 Q -.15
-(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 223.2 Q F2(>)2.5
-E F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A
-(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 240 Q
-F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 256.8
-Q F2(>&)A F0(1)A F2(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .527
-(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 273.6 R F1(dirlist)3.027
-E F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w)-3.027 F .527
+(sion, quote remo)108 432 R -.25(va)-.15 G .843(l, pathname e).25 F .843
+(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .843(ord splitting.)-.1 F .843(If it e)5.843 F
+.843(xpands to more than one w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.343 E F0
+(reports an error)108 444 Q(.)-.55 E
+(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 460.8 Q -.15
+(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 477.6 Q F1(>)2.5
+E F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A
+(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 494.4
+Q F2(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144
+511.2 Q F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .527
+(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 528 R F2(dirlist)3.027 E
+F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w)-3.027 F .527
 (as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F
-(output before the standard output w)108 285.6 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E
-F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F2(Bash)108 302.4 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya)
+(output before the standard output w)108 540 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E F2
+(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 556.8 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya)
 -.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F
-(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 314.4 Q F2(/de)144 331.2 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F1(fd)A
-F0(If)180 343.2 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15
-E 2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5
-E F2(/de)144 355.2 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)
-180 367.2 Q F2(/de)144 379.2 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0
-(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 391.2 Q F2(/de)144 403.2 Q
-(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 415.2 Q F2(/de)
-144 427.2 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If)180 439.2 Q
-F1(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496
-(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F1(port)2.997 E F0 .497
+(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 568.8 Q F1(/de)144 585.6 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F2(fd)A
+F0(If)180 597.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15
+E 2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5
+E F1(/de)144 609.6 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)
+180 621.6 Q F1(/de)144 633.6 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0
+(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 645.6 Q F1(/de)144 657.6 Q
+(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 669.6 Q F1(/de)
+144 681.6 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 693.6 Q
+F2(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496
+(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497
 (is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
-(vice name,)180 451.2 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0
+(vice name,)180 705.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
 (attempts to open a TCP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E(et.)
--.1 E F2(/de)144 463.2 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If)
-180 475.2 Q F1(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497
-(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F1(port)2.996 E F0 .496
-(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
-(vice name,)180 487.2 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0
-(attempts to open a UDP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E(et.)
--.1 E 2.5(Af)108 504 S
+-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 29)135.965 E(23)185.955 E 0 Cg
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+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(/de)144 84 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 96 Q F2(host)2.997
+E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497(alid hostname or Internet address, and)
+-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496(is an inte)2.996 F .496
+(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E(vice name,)180 108 Q F1(bash)2.5
+E F0(attempts to open a UDP connection to the corresponding sock)2.5 E
+(et.)-.1 E 2.5(Af)108 124.8 S
 (ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)-2.6 E
 (ail.)-.1 E .946(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater than 9 s\
-hould be used with care, as the)108 520.8 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
+hould be used with care, as the)108 141.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
 (ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.447 F
-(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 532.8 Q(.)-.65 E F2(Redir)87
-549.6 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391
+(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 153.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87
+170.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391
 (Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 561.6 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391
-(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 573.6 Q F1
+108 182.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391
+(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 194.4 Q F2
 (n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(rt)-2.5 G
-(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0
+(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0
 (is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
-(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 590.4 Q([)144 607.2 Q
-F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 624 Q(ecting Output)
+(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 211.2 Q([)144 228 Q F2
+(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 244.8 Q(ecting Output)
 -.18 E F0 .174
 (Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 636 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175
-(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 648 R
-F1(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824
-(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F1(n)3.684 E F0
+108 256.8 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175
+(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 268.8
+R F2(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824
+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F2(n)3.684 E F0
 .824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F
--.15(ex)108 660 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E
+-.15(ex)108 280.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E
 (xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E
-(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 676.8 Q([)144 693.6 Q
-F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154
-(If the redirection operator is)108 710.4 R F2(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C
-.154(nd the)-2.654 F F2(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the)
-2.654 F F2(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155
-(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F 1.76(will f)108 722.4 R
-1.76(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F 1.759
-(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.259 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)4.259 G 1.759
-(ists and is a re).15 F 1.759(gular \214le.)-.15 F 1.759(If the)6.759 F
-(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96 E(23)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .594(redirection operator is)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(>|)
-3.094 E F0 3.094(,o)C 3.094(rt)-3.094 G .594(he redirection operator is)
--3.094 F F1(>)3.094 E F0 .595(and the)3.094 F F1(noclob)3.095 E(ber)-.1
-E F0 .595(option to the)3.095 F F1(set)3.095 E F0 -.2(bu)3.095 G .595
-(iltin com-).2 F(mand is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108
-96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)-2.5 E
-/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E
-F1 -.25(Ap)87 112.8 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642
-(Redirection of output in this f)108 124.8 R .642
+(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 297.6 Q([)144 314.4 Q
+F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154
+(If the redirection operator is)108 331.2 R F1(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C
+.154(nd the)-2.654 F F1(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the)
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+(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 343.2 R
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+(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657
+(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-)
+5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 355.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C
+2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E
+F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409
+(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409
+(iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108
+367.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)
+-2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87
+384 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642
+(Redirection of output in this f)108 396 R .642
 (ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641
 (xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .473
-(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 136.8 R F2(n)2.973 E F0
+(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 408 R F2(n)2.973 E F0
 2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474
 (he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.334 E F0
 .474(is not speci\214ed.)3.214 F(If)5.474 E(the \214le does not e)108
-148.8 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
-(The general format for appending output is:)108 165.6 Q([)144 182.4 Q
-F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 204 Q
+420 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
+(The general format for appending output is:)108 436.8 Q([)144 453.6 Q
+F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 475.2 Q
 (ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249
-(This construct allo)108 216 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\214l\
-e descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)-.25 F
-(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 228 Q
-(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E(There are tw)108
-244.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
+(This construct allo)108 487.2 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
+\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)
+-.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108
+499.2 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
+(There are tw)108 516 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
 (ormats for redirecting standard output and standard error:)-2.5 E F1
-(&>)144 261.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 273.6 Q F1(>&)144 285.6 Q
-F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 302.4 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
+(&>)144 532.8 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 544.8 Q F1(>&)144 556.8 Q
+F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 573.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
 (orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E
--.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 319.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5
-E F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1 -.25(Ap)87 340.8 S
+-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 590.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5
+E F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1 -.25(Ap)87 612 S
 (pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248
-(This construct allo)108 352.8 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
-\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)
--.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108
-364.8 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
+(This construct allo)108 624 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\214l\
+e descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)-.25 F
+(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 636 Q
+(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
 (The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108
-381.6 Q F1(&>>)144 398.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
-(This is semantically equi)108 415.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1
-(>>)144 432 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(Her)87
-448.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redirection i\
-nstructs the shell to read input from the current source until a line c\
-ontaining only)108 460.8 R F2(delimiter)108.35 472.8 Q F0 .614
+652.8 Q F1(&>>)144 669.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
+(This is semantically equi)108 686.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1
+(>>)144 703.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A
+(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 29)135.965 E(24)185.955 E 0 Cg EP
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Her)87 84 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E
+F0 .33(This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from \
+the current source until a line containing only)108 96 R/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(delimiter)108.35 108 Q F0 .614
 (\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615
 (All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615
-F(dard input for a command.)108 484.8 Q
-(The format of here-documents is:)108 501.6 Q F1(<<)144 518.4 Q F0([)A
-F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 530.4 Q(e-document)-.37 E
-(delimiter)144 542.4 Q F0 .128(No parameter e)108 559.2 R .127
+F(dard input for a command.)108 120 Q(The format of here-documents is:)
+108 136.8 Q F1(<<)144 153.6 Q F0([)A F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E
+(her)164 165.6 Q(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 177.6 Q F0 .128
+(No parameter e)108 194.4 R .127
 (xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .127
 (xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F .127(xpansion is performed)-.15 F(on)108
-571.2 Q F2(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.774(.I).77 G 3.274(fa)-5.774 G
+206.4 Q F2(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.774(.I).77 G 3.274(fa)-5.774 G
 1.074 -.15(ny c)-3.274 H .774(haracters in).15 F F2(wor)3.614 E(d)-.37 E
 F0 .774(are quoted, the)4.044 F F2(delimiter)3.624 E F0 .774
 (is the result of quote remo)4.004 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.275(lo).25 G(n)
 -3.275 E F2(wor)3.275 E(d)-.37 E F0 3.275(,a).77 G(nd)-3.275 E .905
-(the lines in the here-document are not e)108 583.2 R 3.405(xpanded. If)
+(the lines in the here-document are not e)108 218.4 R 3.405(xpanded. If)
 -.15 F F2(wor)3.405 E(d)-.37 E F0 .904
 (is unquoted, all lines of the here-document are)3.405 F .694
-(subjected to parameter e)108 595.2 R .695
+(subjected to parameter e)108 230.4 R .695
 (xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 3.195
 (xpansion. In)-.15 F .695(the latter case, the)3.195 F
-(character sequence)108 607.2 Q F1(\\<newline>)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)
+(character sequence)108 242.4 Q F1(\\<newline>)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)
 2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\)
 2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602
-(If the redirection operator is)108 624 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101(,t)
-C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\
- the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 636 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5(.T).73 G
-(his allo)-5 E
+(If the redirection operator is)108 259.2 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101
+(,t)C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines\
+ and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 271.2 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5
+(.T).73 G(his allo)-5 E
 (ws here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural f)
--.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 652.8 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0
-2.5(Av)108 664.8 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E F1
-(<<<)144 681.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 698.4 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)
--.37 E F0(is e)2.5 E
-(xpanded and supplied to the command on its standard input.)-.15 E
-(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96 E(24)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 84 Q F0
-(The redirection operator)108 96 Q([)144 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126
-(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 129.6 R(If)5.127 E
-F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127
+-.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 288 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 2.5
+(Av)108 300 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E F1(<<<)
+144 316.8 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 333.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E
+F0(is e)2.5 E
+(xpanded and supplied to the command on its standard input.)-.15 E F1
+(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 350.4 Q F0(The redirection operator)108
+362.4 Q([)144 379.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126
+(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 396 R(If)5.127 E F2
+(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127
 (pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108
-141.6 Q F2(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G
+408 Q F2(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G
 2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
 2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0
 .457(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.727 F .149
-(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 153.6 R(If)5.149 E F2(wor)
+(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 420 R(If)5.149 E F2(wor)
 2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.649 E
 F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.)
 2.89 F(If)5.15 E F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F
-(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 165.6 Q
-(The operator)108 182.4 Q([)144 199.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A
+(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 432 Q
+(The operator)108 448.8 Q([)144 465.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A
 (d)-.37 E F0 .444
-(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 216 R(If)
-5.444 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .443
+(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 482.4 R
+(If)5.444 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .443
 (is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.183 F 1.357
-(tor 1\) is used.)108 228 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F2(wor)4.197
-E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for output,\
- a redirection error)4.627 F 2.597(occurs. As)108 240 R 2.597(as)2.597 G
-.097(pecial case, if)-2.597 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 .096(is omitted, and)2.596
-F F2(wor)2.596 E(d)-.37 E F0 .096(does not e)2.596 F .096
-(xpand to one or more digits, the standard out-)-.15 F
-(put and standard error are redirected as described pre)108 252 Q
-(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 268.8 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0
-(The redirection operator)108 280.8 Q([)144 297.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)
-A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 314.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(st).15 G
-.535(he \214le descriptor)-3.035 F F2(digit)3.035 E F0 .535
+(tor 1\) is used.)108 494.4 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F2(wor)
+4.197 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\
+utput, a redirection error)4.627 F 2.597(occurs. As)108 506.4 R 2.597
+(as)2.597 G .097(pecial case, if)-2.597 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 .096
+(is omitted, and)2.596 F F2(wor)2.596 E(d)-.37 E F0 .096(does not e)
+2.596 F .096(xpand to one or more digits, the standard out-)-.15 F
+(put and standard error are redirected as described pre)108 518.4 Q
+(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 535.2 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0
+(The redirection operator)108 547.2 Q([)144 564 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A
+F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 580.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(st).15 G .535
+(he \214le descriptor)-3.035 F F2(digit)3.035 E F0 .535
 (to \214le descriptor)3.035 F F2(n)3.035 E F0 3.035(,o).24 G 3.035(rt)
 -3.035 G .536(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.035 F F2
-(n)3.036 E F0 .536(is not speci-)3.036 F(\214ed.)108 326.4 Q F2(digit)5
+(n)3.036 E F0 .536(is not speci-)3.036 F(\214ed.)108 592.8 Q F2(digit)5
 E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A
-(Similarly)108 343.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)
-144 360 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 376.8 Q
+(Similarly)108 609.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)
+144 626.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 643.2 Q
 -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.786(st).15 G .286(he \214le descriptor)-2.786 F F2
 (digit)2.786 E F0 .286(to \214le descriptor)2.786 F F2(n)2.786 E F0
 2.786(,o).24 G 2.786(rt)-2.786 G .285
 (he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.786 F F2(n)2.785 E F0
-.285(is not speci-)2.785 F(\214ed.)108 388.8 Q F1
-(Opening File Descriptors f)87 405.6 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0
-(The redirection operator)108 417.6 Q([)144 434.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<>)
-A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108
-451.2 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349
+.285(is not speci-)2.785 F(\214ed.)108 655.2 Q F1
+(Opening File Descriptors f)87 672 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0
+(The redirection operator)108 684 Q([)144 700.8 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<>)A
+F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108
+717.6 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349
 (to be opened for both reading and writing on \214le)4.619 F(descriptor)
-108 463.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G
+108 729.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G
 (le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
-(If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 480 Q F2(Aliases)108 492 Q F0(allo)3.174 E
-3.174(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674
+(If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)
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+-.35 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+(Aliases)108 96 Q F0(allo)3.174 E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674
+(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674
 (ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .673
 (ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\
-ses that may be set and unset with the)108 504 R F1(alias)2.894 E F0
-(and)2.894 E F1(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2
-F(\(see)108 516 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E
-1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98
-(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1
-F(check)108 528 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472
-(If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473
-(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F1(/)2.973 E F0(,)A
-F1($)2.973 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 540 Q F1(=)3.612 E F0
-1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell)
--3.612 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
+ses that may be set and unset with the)108 108 R/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(alias)2.894 E F0(and)2.894 E F3(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394
+(iltin commands).2 F(\(see)108 120 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)
+4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48
+(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979
+(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F(check)108 132 Q .472
+(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472(If so, that w)5.472 F .473
+(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473
+(The characters)5.473 F F3(/)2.973 E F0(,)A F3($)2.973 E F0(,)A F3<92>
+2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 144 Q F3(=)3.612 E F0 1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612
+(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell)-3.612 F F2(metac)3.612 E
+(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
 (or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111
-(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 552 R 1.119
+(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 156 R 1.119
 (replacement te)3.619 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G
 1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.12
-(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 564 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1 F
+(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 168 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1 F
 .514(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .514(ut a w)-.2 F .513
 (ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F
-.295(not e)108 576 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296
-(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1
-.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1
-(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .543(to recursi)108 588 R
+.295(not e)108 180 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296
+(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F3(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F3
+.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F3
+(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .543(to recursi)108 192 R
 -.15(ve)-.25 G .543(ly e).15 F .543(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F
 3.043(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.043 F .542
 (alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.042 E F0 3.042(,t).67 G .542(hen the ne)
--3.042 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 600 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
+-3.042 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 204 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
 (wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15
-E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 616.8 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0
-(command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F1
+E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 220.8 Q F3(alias)2.5 E F0
+(command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F3
 (unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .284
-(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 633.6 R .284
+(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 237.6 R .284
 (guments in the replacement te)-.18 F 2.784(xt. If)-.15 F(ar)2.784 E
 .284(guments are needed, a shell func-)-.18 F(tion should be used \(see)
-108 645.6 Q F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.22
-(Aliases are not e)108 662.4 R 1.22
+108 249.6 Q F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.22
+(Aliases are not e)108 266.4 R 1.22
 (xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.72(,u)
-.15 G 1.22(nless the)-3.72 F F1(expand_aliases)3.72 E F0 1.22
-(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 674.4 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
-(\(see the description of)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4
+.15 G 1.22(nless the)-3.72 F F3(expand_aliases)3.72 E F0 1.22
+(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 278.4 Q F3(shopt)2.5 E F0
+(\(see the description of)2.5 E F3(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4
 (SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25
 E .435
 (The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108
-691.2 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1
+295.2 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F3(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1
 (wa)-.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .338
-(one complete line of input before e)108 703.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338
+(one complete line of input before e)108 307.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338
 (cuting an).15 F 2.838(yo)-.15 G 2.838(ft)-2.838 G .338
 (he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .337(Aliases are e)5.337 F .337
-(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.403(ac)108 715.2 S .904
+(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.403(ac)108 319.2 S .904
 (ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.403 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404
 (cuted. Therefore,).15 F .904
 (an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.162
-(another command does not tak)108 727.2 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662
+(another command does not tak)108 331.2 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662
 G 1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F
-1.161(The commands follo)6.161 F 1.161(wing the)-.25 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .277(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 84 R .277
+1.161(The commands follo)6.161 F 1.161(wing the)-.25 F .277
+(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 343.2 R .277
 (fected by the ne)-.25 F 2.777(wa)-.25 G 2.777(lias. This)-2.777 F(beha)
 2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .699(are e)108
-96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.199(cuted. Aliases).15 F .699(are e)3.199 F .699(\
-xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the function is \
-e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .494
-(because a function de\214nition is itself a compound command.)108 108 R
-.495(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .085
-(tion are not a)108 120 R -.25(va)-.2 G .084
+355.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.199(cuted. Aliases).15 F .699(are e)3.199 F
+.699(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the functio\
+n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .494
+(because a function de\214nition is itself a compound command.)108 367.2
+R .495(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .085
+(tion are not a)108 379.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G .084
 (ilable until after that function is e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.584
 (cuted. T).15 F 2.584(ob)-.8 G 2.584(es)-2.584 G .084(afe, al)-2.584 F
 -.1(wa)-.1 G .084(ys put alias de\214nitions on a sepa-).1 F
-(rate line, and do not use)108 132 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(alias)2.5 E
-F0(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 148.8 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)
--2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E/F2 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)72 165.6 Q F0 3.467(As)108 177.6 S .967
+(rate line, and do not use)108 391.2 Q F3(alias)2.5 E F0
+(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 408 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5
+E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.)
+.15 E F1(FUNCTIONS)72 424.8 Q F0 3.467(As)108 436.8 S .967
 (hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.467 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15
-H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F4 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .968(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F
-1.002(later e)108 189.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.502(cution. When).15 F 1.002
-(the name of a shell function is used as a simple command name, the lis\
-t of com-)3.502 F .315(mands associated with that function name is e)108
-201.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .316(cuted in the conte).15 F .316(xt of the current)-.15
-F .036(shell; no ne)108 213.6 R 2.536(wp)-.25 G .036
+H(nder).15 E F4 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0
+.968(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.002(later e)108 448.8 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.502(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\
+ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.502 F .315
+(mands associated with that function name is e)108 460.8 R -.15(xe)-.15
+G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .316
+(cuted in the conte).15 F .316(xt of the current)-.15 F .036
+(shell; no ne)108 472.8 R 2.536(wp)-.25 G .036
 (rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.536 F
 -.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .035(When a)5.035
-F .639(function is e)108 225.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .639(cuted, the ar).15 F
+F .639(function is e)108 484.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .639(cuted, the ar).15 F
 .639
 (guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e)
--.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .533(The special parameter)108 237.6
-R F1(#)3.033 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.033 F .532
+-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .533(The special parameter)108 496.8
+R F3(#)3.033 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.033 F .532
 (Special parameter 0 is unchanged.)5.532 F .532(The \214rst ele-)5.532 F
-1.017(ment of the)108 249.6 R F3(FUNCN)3.517 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)
-3.267 G 1.017
-(riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 3.518(cuting. All).15 F 1.285
-(other aspects of the shell e)108 261.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.285
-(cution en).15 F 1.285
-(vironment are identical between a function and its caller with the)-.4
-F -.15(ex)108 273.6 S 2.029(ception that the).15 F F3(DEB)4.529 E(UG)
--.09 E F0(and)4.279 E F1(RETURN)4.529 E F0 2.029
-(traps \(see the description of the)4.529 F F1(trap)4.53 E F0 -.2(bu)
-4.53 G 2.03(iltin under).2 F F3(SHELL)4.53 E -.09(BU)108 285.6 S(IL).09
-E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479
+(ment of the)108 508.8 Q F4(FUNCN)2.5 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G
+(riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E
+-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E 1.25(All other aspects of the shell e)108
+525.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25
+(vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F
+1.049(these e)108 537.6 R 3.548(xceptions: the)-.15 F F4(DEB)3.548 E(UG)
+-.09 E F0(and)3.298 E F3(RETURN)3.548 E F0 1.048
+(traps \(see the description of the)3.548 F F3(trap)3.548 E F0 -.2(bu)
+3.548 G 1.048(iltin under).2 F F4(SHELL)3.548 E -.09(BU)108 549.6 S(IL)
+.09 E .478(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.728 E .479
 (w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F1(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E
-.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 297.6 R F3(declar)
+-.25 G 2.979(nt).15 G(he)-2.979 E F3(trace)2.979 E F0(attrib)2.979 E
+.479(ute \(see)-.2 F .421(the description of the)108 561.6 R F4(declar)
 2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the)
--.25 F F1 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42
-(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F1(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu)
-108 309.6 S(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 E F1(DEB)
-2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps\).)2.5 E -1.11(Va)
-108 326.4 S .656(riables local to the function may be declared with the)
-1.11 F F1(local)3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.155 G .655(iltin command.).2 F
-(Ordinarily)5.655 E 3.155(,v)-.65 G .655(ariables and)-3.405 F(their v)
-108 338.4 Q(alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E
-(.)-.55 E .043(If the b)108 355.2 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F1 -.18
-(re)2.543 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043
+-.25 F F3 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42
+(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F3(set)2.92 E F0 -.2(bu)
+108 573.6 S .071(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F3
+(DEB)2.572 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.572 E F3(RETURN)2.572 E F0 .072
+(traps\), and the)2.572 F F4(ERR)2.572 E F0 .072(trap is not inher)2.322
+F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 585.6 Q F3(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0
+(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 602.4 S .656
+(riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F3(local)
+3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.155 G .655(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.655 E
+3.155(,v)-.65 G .655(ariables and)-3.405 F(their v)108 614.4 Q
+(alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E(.)-.55 E
+.043(If the b)108 631.2 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F3 -.18(re)2.543 G
+(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043
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 (hat function e)-2.778 F .278(xists, it is in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1
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 (xit status becomes the e)-3.425 F .775(xit status of the shell.)-.15 F
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-(gument 0 is set to the name gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .198
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+(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F2(\\H)144 228 Q F0
+(the hostname)25.44 E F2(\\j)144 240 Q F0
 (the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)29.89 E F2(\\l)144
-636 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de)
--2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F2(\\n)144 648 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F2
-(\\r)144 660 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F2(\\s)144 672 Q F0
+252 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de)
+-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F2(\\n)144 264 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F2
+(\\r)144 276 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F2(\\s)144 288 Q F0
 (the name of the shell, the basename of)29.33 E F2($0)2.5 E F0
 (\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F2(\\t)144
-684 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F2(\\T)144
-696 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E F2(\\@)144
-708 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E(GNU Bash-4.0)
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\A)144 84 Q F0
-(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F1(\\u)144 96 Q F0
-(the username of the current user)27.66 E F1(\\v)144 108 Q F0(the v)
-28.22 E(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)
-144 120 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C
+300 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F2(\\T)144
+312 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E F2(\\@)144
+324 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E F2(\\A)144 336
+Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F2(\\u)144 348 Q F0
+(the username of the current user)27.66 E F2(\\v)144 360 Q F0(the v)
+28.22 E(ersion of)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F2(\\V)
+144 372 Q F0(the release of)26 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C
 (ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))
--2.5 E F1(\\w)144 132 Q F0 4.288(the current w)26 F 4.288
-(orking directory)-.1 F 6.787(,w)-.65 G(ith)-6.787 E F1($HOME)6.787 E F0
-(abbre)6.787 E 4.287(viated with a tilde \(uses the)-.25 F F1($PR)180
-144 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W)
-144 156 Q F0(the basename of the current w)23.22 E(orking directory)-.1
-E 2.5(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F1($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.5 E
-(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 168 Q F0
-(the history number of this command)29.89 E F1(\\#)144 180 Q F0
-(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$)144 192 Q F0
-(if the ef)28.22 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a).15 E F1
-(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 204 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0
-(the character corresponding to the octal number)18.22 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F1
-(\\\\)144 216 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 228 Q F0
-(be)29.89 E 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which coul\
-d be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F(control sequence into the prompt)
-180 240 Q F1(\\])144 252 Q F0(end a sequence of non-printing characters)
-29.89 E .12(The command number and the history number are usually dif)
-108 268.8 R .119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F
-1.585(position in the history list, which may include commands restored\
- from the history \214le \(see)108 280.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)
-4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)108 292.8 Q .541(w\), while the co\
-mmand number is the position in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G .54(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546
-(rent shell session.)108 304.8 R .546
-(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546
+-2.5 E F2(\\w)144 384 Q F0 .115(the current w)26 F .115
+(orking directory)-.1 F 2.615(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.615 E F3($HOME)2.615 E F0
+(abbre)2.365 E .116(viated with a tilde \(uses the v)-.25 F .116
+(alue of the)-.25 F F3(PR)180 396 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 E F0 -.25
+(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E F2(\\W)144 408 Q F0
+(the basename of the current w)23.22 E(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)
+-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F3($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)
+-.25 E F2(\\!)144 420 Q F0(the history number of this command)29.89 E F2
+(\\#)144 432 Q F0(the command number of this command)28.22 E F2(\\$)144
+444 Q F0(if the ef)28.22 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a)
+.15 E F2(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F2($)2.5 E(\\)144 456 Q
+F4(nnn)A F0(the character corresponding to the octal number)18.22 E F4
+(nnn)2.5 E F2(\\\\)144 468 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F2(\\[)
+144 480 Q F0(be)29.89 E 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters\
+, which could be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F
+(control sequence into the prompt)180 492 Q F2(\\])144 504 Q F0
+(end a sequence of non-printing characters)29.89 E .119
+(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 520.8 R
+.12(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(positio\
+n in the history list, which may include commands restored from the his\
+tory \214le \(see)108 532.8 R F3(HIST)4.084 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0
+(belo)108 544.8 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the position in\
+ the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .541
+(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 556.8 R
+.546(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546
 (xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F
-.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 316.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F
--.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F1
-(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351(shell option \(see the)2.852
-F(description of the)108 328.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E
+.351(tion, arithmetic e)108 568.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F
+-.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F2
+(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .352(shell option \(see the)2.852
+F(description of the)108 580.8 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E
 F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)
--.25 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 345.6 Q F0 .15
+-.25 E F1(READLINE)72 597.6 Q F0 .151
 (This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti)
-108 357.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1
-(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 369.6 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209(hell in)-3.709 F
--.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208
-(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F1<ad65>3.708 E F0 1.208
-(option to the)3.708 F F1 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G
-3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 381.6 Q .949
+108 609.6 R .45 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .15(hell, unless the).15 F F2
+(\255\255noediting)2.65 E F0(option)2.65 E 1.208(is gi)108 621.6 R -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 3.708(na).15 G 3.708(ts)-3.708 G 1.208(hell in)-3.708 F -.2
+(vo)-.4 G 3.708(cation. Line).2 F 1.208
+(editing is also used when using the)3.708 F F2<ad65>3.709 E F0 1.209
+(option to the)3.709 F F2 -.18(re)3.709 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.709 G
+3.709(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 633.6 Q .95
 (ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of emacs.)-.1 F
-3.45(Av)5.95 G .95(i-style line editing interf)-3.45 F .95(ace is also)
--.1 F -.2(av)108 393.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85
+3.449(Av)5.949 G .949(i-style line editing interf)-3.449 F .949
+(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 645.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85
 (editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the)
--3.35 F F1 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0
-.85(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E
-(\(see)108 405.6 Q F3 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS)
--.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of)
+-3.35 F F2 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F2 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0
+.85(options to the)3.35 F F2(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E
+(\(see)108 657.6 Q F3 .763(SHELL B)3.263 F(UIL)-.09 E .763(TIN COMMANDS)
+-.828 F F0(belo)3.013 E 3.263(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of)
 -3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763
-(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E
-(emacs)108 417.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1
-(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 434.4 Q
-F0 .568(In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote k)
-108 446.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 3.067(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)
-3.067 G .567(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A
-1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 458.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,)
--.65 E F2(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255)
--.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653(oM)-3.653 G 1.153
-(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 470.4 S .831
-(yboards without a)-.05 F F2(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)3.591 G 2.131 -.65
-(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F2(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F F2(x)3.331 E F0
-3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .83
-(hen the).15 F F2(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65(y. T)-.05 H .83
-(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 482.4 R F2 .599(meta pr)3.099 F
-(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F2
-(x)A F0 .599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F2(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099
-(rp)-3.099 G .6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6
-(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 494.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
-(hile pressing the).15 E F2(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\))
-.65 E .62(Readline commands may be gi)108 511.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119
-(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F2(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G
-.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E
-(ho)108 523.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti)
-.4 G 3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619
+(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F2(+o)3.262 E
+(emacs)108 669.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F2(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F2
+(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F2(Readline Notation)87 686.4 Q
+F0 .567(In this section, the emacs-style notation is used to denote k)
+108 698.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 3.068(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)
+3.068 G .568(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A
+1.153(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 710.4 R(Similarly)6.153 E(,)
+-.65 E F4(meta)4.033 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255)
+-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.652(,s)C 3.652(oM)-3.652 G 1.152
+(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.652 F(\(On)6.152 E -.1(ke)108 722.4 S .83
+(yboards without a)-.05 F F4(meta)3.71 E F0 -.1(ke)3.59 G 2.13 -.65
+(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F4(x)A F0 .83(means ESC)3.33 F F4(x)3.33 E F0 3.33
+(,i)C .831(.e., press the Escape k)-3.33 F 1.131 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .831
+(hen the).15 F F4(x)4.101 E F0 -.1(ke)3.861 G 4.631 -.65(y. T)-.05 H
+.831(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 29)
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+(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.6(.T)C .6(he combination M\255C\255)-5.6 F F1(x)A F0
+.599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F1(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)
+-3.099 G .599(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .899 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .599
+(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 96 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
+(hile pressing the).15 E F1(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\))
+.65 E .619(Readline commands may be gi)108 112.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119
+(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F1(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G
+.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.62 E(ho)
+108 124.8 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.419 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.119(ti).4 G
+3.119(st)-3.119 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619
 (gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne)
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-(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 535.2 R 1.018
-(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C
-1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018
-(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 547.2 Q
+(ument to a command that).18 F 1.018(acts in the forw)108 136.8 R 1.018
+(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(kill\255line)3.518 E
+F0 3.518(\)c)C 1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.019
+(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.019 E(mands whose beha)108 148.8 Q
 (vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo)
--.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 564 R F2
+-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .812(When a command is described as)108 165.6 R F1
 (killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811
-(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812
-(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F2
-(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 576 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F
-.029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F2
+(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .811
+(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.311(l\().25 G F1
+(yank-)-3.311 E(ing)108 177.6 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529
+F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F1
 .029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H
 .029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,)
--.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 588 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567
-(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567
+-.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 189.6 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F
+.567(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567
 (xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.)
-108 600 Q F1(Readline Initialization)87 616.8 Q F0 .091(Readline is cus\
-tomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 628.8
-R F2(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091
-(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 640.8 R .196(en from the v)
--.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F F3(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G
-2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196
-(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F2(~/.inputr)2.696
-E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .197(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\
+108 201.6 Q F2(Readline Initialization)87 218.4 Q F0 .091(Readline is c\
+ustomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108
+230.4 R F1(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .092
+(name of this \214le)2.591 F .197(is tak)108 242.4 R .196(en from the v)
+-.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0
+-.25(va)2.446 G 2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196
+(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F1(~/.inputr)2.696
+E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .196(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\
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-nd the k)108 652.8 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25
-(va)108 664.8 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe)
-6.149 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.15
-(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.15 E .737
-(lines are ignored.)108 676.8 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737
-(ginning with a)-.15 F F1(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737
-(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.237 E F0 .736
-(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 688.8 R
+nd the k)108 254.4 R 1.335 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.035(indings and).15 F -.25
+(va)108 266.4 S 1.15(riables are set.).25 F 1.15(There are only a fe)
+6.15 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.149
+(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.149 E .736
+(lines are ignored.)108 278.4 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737
+(ginning with a)-.15 F F2(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737
+(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .737
+(indicate conditional)3.237 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 290.4 R
 (lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E
-(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 705.6 R .986(ault k)-.1 F
--.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F2(inputr)
+(ariable settings.)-.25 E .987(The def)108 307.2 R .987(ault k)-.1 F
+-.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F1(inputr)
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-(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 717.6 Q
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-(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0
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--.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G
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-(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the)
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-(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.492(If set to)144 120 R F1(on)3.992 E F0
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-Q F0 .463(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 156 R -.15
-(ve)-.2 G 2.963(di).15 G 2.963(nt)-2.963 G .463(he history list.)-2.963
-F .462(If set to zero, the number of)5.463 F
-(entries in the history list is not limited.)144 168 Q F1
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+(equal to zero.)144 120 R .783(If the number of possible completions is\
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+(ord completion.)-.1 F .038
+(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the)
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+(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 372 Q
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-Q F0 .227(If set to)144 240 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .228(eadline \
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-(ing the character as a command.)144 300 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935
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-(alue, the characters)-3.684 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ESC)3.434 E F0
-(and)144 312 Q F2(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)
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-(Set the current readline k)144 336 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F
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-G 1.543(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C
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+(ing the character as a command.)144 600 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935
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+G 1.544(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C
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-E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 384 Q
-(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 396 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C
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+E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 684 Q
+(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 696 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C
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-420 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)
--.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F1
-(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 432 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E
-(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 444 R F1(On)2.675 E F0
-2.675(,c)C .175
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 (ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475
--.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 456
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-(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.692 F .193
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 (\214les\) when performing \214lename completion, unless the leading `.)
-144 492 R 3.523('i)-.7 G 3.523(ss)-3.523 G 1.023
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-Q F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 516 Q F0 .506(If set to)144 528 R F1(On)
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-(If set to)144 600 R F1(On)3.818 E F0 3.818(,r)C 1.319(eadline will dis\
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-F(order)144 612 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25
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+(ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F
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+(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 264 Q F0 1.319
+(If set to)144 276 R F1(On)3.819 E F0 3.819(,r)C 1.318(eadline will dis\
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+F(order)144 288 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25
+E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 300 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E
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-(This alters the def)144 96 R 5.346(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345
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 (ariable settings to be performed as the result of tests.)-.25 F .097
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 (ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321
 (ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182
 (If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144
-352.8 R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E
--.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 364.8 Q(guments ha)-.18 E
-.3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1
-(transpose\255w)108 376.8 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144
-388.8 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo)
--.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w)
--2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F
-(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 400.8 Q 2.5
-(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 412.8 Q
-(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144
-424.8 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F
--.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699
-(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 436.8 S(rd, b).1
-E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 448.8 Q
-(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 460.8 Q 1.648
+724.8 R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E
+-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E(ar)144 84 Q(guments ha)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G
+-.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(transpose\255w)108 96 Q
+(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 108 R .024
+(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo)-.1 F .023
+(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w)-2.523 F
+.023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F
+(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 120 Q 2.5
+(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 132 Q
+(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 144
+R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)
+-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699
+(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 156 S(rd, b).1 E
+(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 168 Q
+(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 180 Q 1.648
 (wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148
 (ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15
 (ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre)
--.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 472.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3
--.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 484.8 Q
-(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144
-496.8 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F
--.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975
-(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 508.8 S(rd, b)
-.1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108
-520.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 532.8 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15
-(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438
+-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 192 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3
+-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 204 Q
+(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 216
+R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)
+-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975
+(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 228 S(rd, b).1
+E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 240
+S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 252 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15
+G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438
 (xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437
 (gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)144 544.8 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081
--.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781
-(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F
-(fects)-.25 E(only)144 556.8 Q F1(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)
-4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15
-F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F F4 -.37(re)
-4.394 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968
-(mode. In)144 568.8 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468
-(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E F0
-1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958
-(pushing the te)144 580.8 R .958(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957
-(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0
-.957(replace the character)3.457 F(before point with a space.)144 592.8
-Q(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87
-609.6 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 621.6 Q F0
-(Kill the te)144 633.6 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
-(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 645.6 Q F0(Kill backw)
-144 657.6 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1
-(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 669.6 Q F0(Kill backw)144 681.6
+(Wi)144 264 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15
+(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781(gument, switches to insert mode.)
+-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 276 Q F1
+(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G
+1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.394 G
+(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968(mode. In)144
+288 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1
+(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469
+(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 300 R .958
+(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1
+(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 .957(replace the character)3.457
+F(before point with a space.)144 312 Q(By def)5 E
+(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 328.8 Q
+(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 340.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144
+352.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
+(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 364.8 Q F0(Kill backw)
+144 376.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1
+(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 388.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 400.8
 Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E
 (The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)
--2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 693.6 Q F0
+-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 412.8 Q F0
 (Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144
-705.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96 E(40)190.95 E 0 Cg
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-%%Page: 41 41
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(kill\255w)108 84 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0
-.728(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 96 R .729
+424.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 436.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728
+(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 448.8 R .729
 (ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729
-(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 108 S
+(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 460.8 S
 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G
-(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 120 Q
-(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 132 Q(ord behind point.)-.1
-E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1
-(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 144 Q
+(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 472.8 Q
+(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 484.8 Q(ord behind point.)
+-.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1
+(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 496.8 Q
 (ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729
-(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 156 R .728
+(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 508.8 R .728
 (ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728
-(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 168 S
+(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 520.8 S
 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E
 (orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w)
-108 180 Q(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 192 R 3.025
-(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025
+108 532.8 Q(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 544.8 R
+3.025(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025
 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-)
-5.525 E(ward\255w)144 204 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 216 Q
-(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 228 R .365
+5.525 E(ward\255w)144 556.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 568.8 Q
+(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 580.8 R .365
 (ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1
 F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
 (ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144
-240 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 252 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)144
-264 R .166
+592.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 604.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)
+144 616.8 R .166
 (ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w)
--.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 276 Q
+-.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 628.8 Q
 (xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)
--2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 288 Q F0
-(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 300 Q F1(kill\255r)108 312
-Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 324 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E
-(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 336 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop)
-144 348 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
-(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(copy\255backward\255w)108 360 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 372 Q 4.801(yt)-.1
-G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2
-E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3
-(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 384 Q
-(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 396 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0
-(Cop)144 408 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F
-2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55
-G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25
-(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 420 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
-(yank \(C\255y\))108 432 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 444 S
-(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25
-E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 456 Q F0
-(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 468 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
+-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 640.8 Q F0
+(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 652.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108
+664.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 676.8 Q(xt in the current re)
+-.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 688.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E
+F0(Cop)144 700.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
+(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(copy\255backward\255w)108 84 Q(ord)-.1 E F0
+(Cop)144 96 Q 4.801(yt)-.1 G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301
+(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55
+G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)
+4.8 E(ward\255w)144 108 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 120 Q
+(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 132 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007
+(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F 2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25
+F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55 G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008
+(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G
+(ward\255w)144 144 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(yank \(C\255y\))108 156 Q F0 -1
+(Ya)144 168 S(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E
+(fer at point.)-.25 E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 180 Q F0
+(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 192 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
 (op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E
-F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 484.8 Q
-(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 496.8 Q
+F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 208.8 Q
+(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 220.8 Q
 (gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .642
-(Add this digit to the ar)144 508.8 R .641
+(Add this digit to the ar)144 232.8 R .641
 (gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 3.141(wa)-.25 G -.18
 (rg)-3.141 G 3.141(ument. M\255\255).18 F .641(starts a ne)3.141 F(g-)
--.15 E(ati)144 520.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1
-(uni)108 532.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .778
-(This is another w)144 544.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279
+-.15 E(ati)144 244.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1
+(uni)108 256.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .778
+(This is another w)144 268.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279
 (gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779
 (wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376
 (optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144
-556.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
-568.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
+280.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
+292.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
 3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17
 (ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other)
--.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 580.8 R .898
+-.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 304.8 R .898
 (As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898
 (wed by a character that is)-.25 F .243
-(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 592.8 R .243
+(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 316.8 R .243
 (gument count for the ne)-.18 F .243(xt command is multiplied by four)
--.15 F 5.243(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.243 E(ar)144 604.8 Q .378
+-.15 F 5.243(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.243 E(ar)144 328.8 Q .378
 (gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .378
 (cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .378(es the ar)-.1 F
-.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 616.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)
+.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 340.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)
 -2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1
-(Completing)87 633.6 Q(complete \(T)108 645.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
-(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 657.6 R 1.137
+(Completing)87 357.6 Q(complete \(T)108 369.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
+(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 381.6 R 1.137
 (xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137
-(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 669.6 Q .533(xt as a v)
+(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 393.6 Q .533(xt as a v)
 -.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with)
 -.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F
 .532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te)
-144 681.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701
+144 405.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701
 (\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702
 (If none of these pro-)5.701 F
-(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 693.6 Q F1
-(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 705.6 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 717.6 Q(xt before point.)
--.15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96 E(41)190.95 E 0 Cg
-EP
-%%Page: 42 42
-%%BeginPageSetup
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 84 Q
-F0 .783(Insert all completions of the te)144 96 R .783
+(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 417.6 Q F1
+(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 429.6 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 441.6 Q(xt before point.)
+-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 453.6 Q F0 .783
+(Insert all completions of the te)144 465.6 R .783
 (xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144 108
-Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 120 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 132 R F1
-(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 F .929
-(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F 1.194
-(possible completions.)144 144 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193
+.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144
+477.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 489.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144
+501.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628
+F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F
+1.194(possible completions.)144 513.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193
 (steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828
-(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 156 R .828
+(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 525.6 R .828
 (At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727
-(\(subject to the setting of)144 168 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227
-(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727
-(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 E
-F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73
-(positions forw)144 180 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
+(\(subject to the setting of)144 537.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0
+3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F
+.727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227
+E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73
+(positions forw)144 549.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
 -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73
 (ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1
-E(through the list.)144 192 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)5
-E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E(ault.)
--.1 E F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 204 Q F0 .234
-(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 216 R .234
-(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.734
-E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 228 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
-2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions)
-2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144
-240 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 252 Q F0
-(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 264 Q(xt before point.)-.15
-E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 276 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 288 Q
+E(through the list.)144 561.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)
+5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E
+(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete-)108 573.6 Q(w)10 I(k)-7.22 -10 M(c)
+-5.56 -10 M(rd)2.78 10 M F0 .82(Identical to)144 585.6 R F1
+(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82
+(ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1
+(menu\255complete)144 597.6 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
+(nan).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg)
+.15 G 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E
+F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 609.6 Q F0 .234
+(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 621.6 R
+.234(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)
+2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 633.6 R -.15
+(ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1
+(possible\255completions)2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425
+(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 645.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1
+(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 657.6 Q F0
+(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 669.6 Q(xt before point.)
+-.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 681.6 Q
+F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 693.6 Q
 (xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255user)108 300 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 312 Q
-(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user)
-108 324 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 336 Q
+(complete\255user)108 705.6 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 717.6 Q
+(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(possible\255user)108 84 Q
+(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 96 Q
 (xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108
-348 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 360 Q
+108 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 120 Q
 (xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
-(possible\255v)108 372 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 384 Q
+(possible\255v)108 132 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 144 Q
 (xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
-(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 396 Q F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 408 Q
+(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 156 Q F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 168 Q
 (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 420 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 432 Q
+(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 180 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 192 Q
 (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 444 Q F0 .581
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 456 R .581
-(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .58
-(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 468 R
+(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 204 Q F0 .58
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 216 R .581
+(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581
+(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 228 R
 .715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F
 .715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F
-(\214nally e)144 480 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(\214nally e)144 240 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
 (cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 492 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 504 Q
+(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 252 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 264 Q
 (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1
-(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 516 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .425
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 528 R .425
-(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .424
+(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 276 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 288 R .425
+(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425
 (ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F
-(for possible completion matches.)144 540 Q F1(dab)108 552 Q(br)-.1 E
--.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .61
-(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 564 R .611
-(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .611(xt ag)-.15 F .611
+(for possible completion matches.)144 300 Q F1(dab)108 312 Q(br)-.1 E
+-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611
+(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 324 R .611
+(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61
 (ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F
-(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 576 Q F1
-(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 588 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
+(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 336 Q F1
+(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 348 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
 me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\
-in braces so)144 600 R(the list is a)144 612 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
+in braces so)144 360 R(the list is a)144 372 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
 (ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 628.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
-E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 640.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
-.833 E F0(Be)144 652.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 388.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
+E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 400.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
+.833 E F0(Be)144 412.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
 (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 664.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
-(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 676.8 Q
+(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 424.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
+(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 436.8 Q
 (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
 (board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1
-(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 688.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
-E F0(Re-e)144 700.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)
--.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\
- appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 712.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15
-E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96 E(42)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Miscellaneous)87 84 Q -.18(re)108 96 S
-<ad72>.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.777
-(Read in the contents of the)144 108 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
-4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb)
--.15 G 1.776(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F
-(found there.)144 120 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 132 Q F0 3.248
-(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 144 R
-5.749(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1
-(bell\255style)144 156 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 168 Q(case\255v)
--.18 E(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.)C(..\))-2.5
-E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 180 R F2(x)4.256 E F0 1.755
-(is lo)4.256 F 1.755
+(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 448.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
+E F0(Re-e)144 460.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1
+G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\
+ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 472.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1
+(Miscellaneous)87 489.6 Q -.18(re)108 501.6 S<ad72>.18 E
+(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776
+(Read in the contents of the)144 513.6 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
+4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)
+-.15 G 1.777(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F
+(found there.)144 525.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 537.6 Q F0 3.249
+(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 549.6 R
+5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1
+(bell\255style)144 561.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 573.6 Q
+(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.)
+C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.755(If the meta\214ed character)144 585.6 R F2(x)
+4.255 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.255 F 1.756
 (wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F
-(uppercase character)144 192 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 204 Q
-(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 216 Q
+(uppercase character)144 597.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 609.6 Q
+(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 621.6 Q
 (xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0
 (is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 228 Q F0
-(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 240 Q F1
--2.29 -.18(re v)108 252 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095
-(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 264 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095 F
-3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E
+(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 633.6 Q F0
+(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 645.6 Q F1
+-2.29 -.18(re v)108 657.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095
+(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 669.6 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095
+F 3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E
 F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F
-(return the line to its initial state.)144 276 Q F1
-(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 288 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 300 Q
-(xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1
-(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 312 Q F0
-(Set the mark to the point.)144 324 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
+(return the line to its initial state.)144 681.6 Q F1
+(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 693.6 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 705.6 Q
+(xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q
+(2009 December 29)135.965 E(43)185.955 E 0 Cg EP
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 84
+Q F0(Set the mark to the point.)144 96 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
 (gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1
-(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 336 Q F0(Sw)144
-348 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
+(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 108 Q F0(Sw)144
+120 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
 (The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
-2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa)
-144 360 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
-(character\255sear)108 372 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 384 S
-.535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt)
+2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa)
+144 132 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
+(character\255sear)108 144 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 156 S
+.536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt)
 .15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535
-(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
-(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
-144 396 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 408 Q
-(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 420 S 1.044
-(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
+(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
+(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
+144 168 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 180 Q
+(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 192 S 1.043
+(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
 3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044
-(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
+(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
 -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 432 Q F1
-(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 444 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 456 S .48
-(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48(gument, the v)-.18 F .481
-(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)
-2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 468 Q .098
-(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.098 F .097
-(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.097 E
-.321(the characters at the be)144 480 R .321
+(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 204 Q F1
+(skip\255csi\255sequence \(\))108 216 Q F0 1.827
+(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 228 R 2.126 -.15(ey s)
+-.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
+4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 240 R .791
+(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791
+(gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F
+.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 252 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831
+(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15(ve n)
+-.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-)
+-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting stra\
+y characters into the editing b)144 264 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T)
+-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 276 Q(ault, b)-.1 E
+(ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108
+288 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 300 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481
+(gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1
+(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48
+(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 312 Q .097
+(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.097 F .098
+(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.098 E
+.322(the characters at the be)144 324 R .321
 (ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1
-(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is)
--.25 F .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 492 R F1
-(comment\255begin)3.332 E F0 .831(are deleted from the be)3.332 F .831
-(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.468
-(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 504 R 1.468
-(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F
-1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 516 Q F0 .84
-(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
-(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F
-(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 528 Q -.15
+(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is)
+-.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 336 R F1
+(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832
+(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469
+(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 348 R 1.468
+(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F
+1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 360 Q F0 .839
+(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
+(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F
+(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 372 Q -.15
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-(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 564
+(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 384 Q
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-(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .371
+ble completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 420 Q
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 .923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F F1
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-(ex)144 660 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 672 Q F0 .627
-(Print all of the functions and their k)144 684 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
-.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar)
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-(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 192 Q
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-(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
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-(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .333
-(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 261.6 R .334
-(If a compspec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is)
-5.333 F .587
-(used to generate the list of possible completions for the w)108 273.6 R
-3.087(ord. If)-.1 F .587(the command w)3.087 F .586
-(ord is a full pathname, a)-.1 F 1.18
-(compspec for the full pathname is searched for \214rst.)108 285.6 R
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-(attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the portion follo)108 297.6 Q
-(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it\
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--.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108
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-R .464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F
-.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 355.2 R .596
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+(\214rst. If)108 120 R .366(no compspec is found for the full pathname,\
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-(shell v)108 367.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
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-(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>2.585 E F0 .085
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-(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F F1
-<ad57>2.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321
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+(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>4.084 E F0 1.584
+(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 242.4 S
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-(using brace e)108 448.8 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092
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 (xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092
 (xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108
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-(nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0
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-472.8 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209
+319.2 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209
 (rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209
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-(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 484.8 Q
+(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 331.2 Q
 (ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.238
-(After these matches ha)108 501.6 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238
+(After these matches ha)108 348 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238
 (een generated, an).15 F 3.738(ys)-.15 G 1.237
 (hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.738 F F1<ad46>3.737 E
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-(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375
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-(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)5.876 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F4(,)A F3
-(COMP_KEY)108 525.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25
+(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_LINE)5.876 E F3(,)A F2(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F3(,)A F2
+(COMP_KEY)108 372 Q F3(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F2(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25
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 (alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157
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 (riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.986 E .609
-(the function or command is in)108 549.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .608
+(the function or command is in)108 396 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .608
 (d, the \214rst ar).1 F .608(gument is the name of the command whose ar)
 -.18 F .608(guments are)-.18 F .073(being completed, the second ar)108
-561.6 R .073(gument is the w)-.18 F .073
+408 R .073(gument is the w)-.18 F .073
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-.073(ord pre-)-.1 F .608(ceding the w)108 573.6 R .607
+.073(ord pre-)-.1 F .608(ceding the w)108 420 R .607
 (ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .607
-(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 585.6 Q .093
+(No \214ltering of the generated completions)5.607 F(ag)108 432 Q .093
 (ainst the w)-.05 F .093(ord being completed is performed; the function\
  or command has complete freedom in generat-)-.1 F(ing the matches.)108
-597.6 Q(An)108 614.4 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with)
+444 Q(An)108 460.8 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with)
 -2.938 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
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 2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .437
-(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 626.4 Q F1(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2
+(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 472.8 Q F1(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2
 (bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956
 (og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457
-(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F3(COMPREPL)108
-638.4 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E(Ne)108 655.2 Q .081
+(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F2(COMPREPL)108
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 (xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F
 F1<ad43>2.581 E F0 .081(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
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 (ironment equi).4 F -.25(va)-.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858
-(stitution. It)108 667.2 R .359(should print a list of completions, one\
+(stitution. It)108 513.6 R .359(should print a list of completions, one\
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-5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 679.2 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E
-.377(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 696 R
+5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 525.6 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E
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-E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 708 R
+E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 554.4 R
 .681(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681
 (xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .682
 (in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523
-(the w)108 720 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G
+(the w)108 566.4 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G
 (iteral)-3.023 E F1(&)3.023 E F0 .522
 (may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q
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-3.35(df).15 G .85(rom the list.)-3.35 F 3.35(Al)5.85 G(eading)-3.35 E/F1
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+(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 590.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G
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 (ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-(d.).15 E(Finally)108 112.8 Q 3.087(,a)-.65 G .887 -.15(ny p)-3.087 H
+(d.).15 E(Finally)108 607.2 Q 3.087(,a)-.65 G .887 -.15(ny p)-3.087 H
 .587(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F1
 <ad50>3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F1<ad53>3.087 E F0 .587
 (options are added to each member of the com-)3.087 F(pletion list, and\
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-possible completions.)108 124.8 Q .246(If the pre)108 141.6 R .247
+possible completions.)108 619.2 Q .246(If the pre)108 636 R .247
 (viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247
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+s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 218.4 S 3.2
 (rds. It).1 F(tak)3.2 E .7(es place in tw)-.1 F 3.2(op)-.1 G 3.2
 (arts. The)-3.2 F .7
 (\214rst is to determine which line from the history list to use during)
-3.2 F 4.368(substitution. The)108 213.6 R 1.868(second is to select por\
-tions of that line for inclusion into the current one.)4.368 F 1.867
-(The line)6.867 F .662(selected from the history is the)108 225.6 R/F4
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)3.162 G(ent).15 E F0 3.162(,a)C .663
-(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.162 F F4(wor)
-3.163 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.663(.V)C(arious)-6.773 E F4(modi\214er)108 237.6
-Q(s)-.1 E F0 .227(are a)2.727 F -.25(va)-.2 G .227
-(ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.727(ords. The)-.1 F .226
-(line is brok)2.726 F .226(en into w)-.1 F .226(ords in the same f)-.1 F
-(ashion)-.1 E .351(as when reading input, so that se)108 249.6 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)2.852 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .352
-(-separated w)B .352(ords surrounded by quotes are considered)-.1 F .625
-(one w)108 261.6 R 3.125(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.125 G .624
-(pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .624
-(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.124(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.124 E(is)108 273.6 Q
+3.2 F 4.367(substitution. The)108 230.4 R 1.868(second is to select por\
+tions of that line for inclusion into the current one.)4.367 F 1.868
+(The line)6.868 F .663(selected from the history is the)108 242.4 R/F4
+10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)3.163 G(ent).15 E F0 3.163(,a)C .663
+(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.163 F F4(wor)
+3.162 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.662(.V)C(arious)-6.772 E F4(modi\214er)108 254.4
+Q(s)-.1 E F0 .226(are a)2.726 F -.25(va)-.2 G .226
+(ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.726(ords. The)-.1 F .227
+(line is brok)2.726 F .227(en into w)-.1 F .227(ords in the same f)-.1 F
+(ashion)-.1 E .352(as when reading input, so that se)108 266.4 R -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)2.852 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .351
+(-separated w)B .351(ords surrounded by quotes are considered)-.1 F .624
+(one w)108 278.4 R 3.124(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.124 G .624
+(pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .625
+(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.125(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.125 E(is)108 290.4 Q
 F2(!)3.333 E F0(by def)3.333 E 2.5(ault. Only)-.1 F(backslash \()2.5 E
 F2(\\).833 E F0 2.5(\)a).833 G(nd single quotes can quote the history e)
--2.5 E(xpansion character)-.15 E(.)-.55 E(Se)108 290.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
+-2.5 E(xpansion character)-.15 E(.)-.55 E(Se)108 307.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
 .03(ral characters inhibit history e).15 F .03
 (xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25
-F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 302.4 T
-3.163(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G
+F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 319.2 T
+3.162(ni).25 G 3.162(fi)-3.162 G 3.162(ti)-3.162 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G
 .662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and)
 -.25 F F2(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F2
-(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.162 E
-F0(will also inhibit e)108 314.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 331.2 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .109(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F2(shopt)2.609
-E F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .11
-(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.259(If the)108 343.2 R F2
-(histv)3.759 E(erify)-.1 E F0 1.259
-(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.759 F F2(shopt)
-3.759 E F0 -.2(bu)3.759 G 1.259(iltin\), and).2 F F2 -.18(re)3.758 G
-(adline).18 E F0 1.258(is being)3.758 F 1.497(used, history substitutio\
-ns are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 355.2 R 6.498(.I)
--.55 G 1.498(nstead, the e)-6.498 F 1.498(xpanded line is)-.15 F 2.228
-(reloaded into the)108 367.2 R F2 -.18(re)4.728 G(adline).18 E F0 2.228
-(editing b)4.728 F(uf)-.2 E 2.228(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F
-(If)7.228 E F2 -.18(re)4.728 G(adline).18 E F0 2.228
-(is being used, and the)4.728 F F2(histr)108 379.2 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0
-1.202(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202
+(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.163 E
+F0(will also inhibit e)108 331.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 348 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G .11(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F2(shopt)2.61 E
+F0 -.2(bu)2.61 G .109(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .109
+(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.142(If the)108 360 R F2
+(histv)3.643 E(erify)-.1 E F0 1.143
+(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.643 F F2(shopt)
+3.643 E F0 -.2(bu)3.643 G 1.143(iltin belo).2 F 1.143(w\), and)-.25 F F2
+-.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.643 E .461(being used, history sub\
+stitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 372 R 5.46
+(.I)-.55 G .46(nstead, the e)-5.46 F .46(xpanded line)-.15 F 1.515
+(is reloaded into the)108 384 R F2 -.18(re)4.015 G(adline).18 E F0 1.515
+(editing b)4.015 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F
+(If)6.516 E F2 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline).18 E F0 1.516
+(is being used, and the)4.016 F F2(histr)108 396 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202
+(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202
 (ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F2 -.18(re)
-3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 391.2 S -.25(ff).2 G
-1.161(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.161 E F2<ad70>3.661 E F0 1.161
-(option to the)3.661 F F2(history)3.661 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.16
-(iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 403.2
-S .055(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.055 E F2<ad73>2.555
-E F0 .055(option to the)2.555 F F2(history)2.556 E F0 -.2(bu)2.556 G
-.056(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F
-(end of the history list without actually e)108 415.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 408 S -.25(ff).2 G
+1.16(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.16 E F2<ad70>3.66 E F0 1.16
+(option to the)3.66 F F2(history)3.66 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.161
+(iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 420 S
+.056(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.056 E F2<ad73>2.556 E
+F0 .056(option to the)2.556 F F2(history)2.555 E F0 -.2(bu)2.555 G .055
+(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F
+(end of the history list without actually e)108 432 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
 (cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 432 R 2.2
+(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 448.8 R 2.2
 (ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2(arious characters used by the history e)
--.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.146(description of)108
-444 R F2(histchars)3.646 E F0(abo)3.646 E 1.446 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder)
-.15 E F2 1.146(Shell V)3.646 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.147
+-.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.147(description of)108
+460.8 R F2(histchars)3.647 E F0(abo)3.647 E 1.447 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder)
+.15 E F2 1.147(Shell V)3.647 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.146
 (shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F
-(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 456 Q F2
-(Ev)87 472.8 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0(An e)108 484.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 472.8 Q F2
+(Ev)87 489.6 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0(An e)108 501.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
 (nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the history li\
-st.).15 E F2(!)108 501.6 Q F0 1.608(Start a history substitution, e)
-32.67 F 1.608(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F2(blank)
-4.107 E F0 4.107(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607
-(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F(\(when the)144 513.6 Q F2(extglob)
+st.).15 E F2(!)108 518.4 Q F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)
+32.67 F 1.607(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F2(blank)
+4.107 E F0 4.107(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.608
+(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F(\(when the)144 530.4 Q F2(extglob)
 2.5 E F0(shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.5 G(iltin\).).2 E F2(!)108 525.6 Q F4(n)A F0
-(Refer to command line)27.67 E F4(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F2<21ad>108 537.6 Q
+(bu)2.5 G(iltin\).).2 E F2(!)108 542.4 Q F4(n)A F0
+(Refer to command line)27.67 E F4(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F2<21ad>108 554.4 Q
 F4(n)A F0(Refer to the current command line minus)21.97 E F4(n)2.5 E F0
-(.).24 E F2(!!)108 549.6 Q F0(Refer to the pre)29.34 E(vious command.)
--.25 E(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F2(!)108 561.6 Q F4
+(.).24 E F2(!!)108 566.4 Q F0(Refer to the pre)29.34 E(vious command.)
+-.25 E(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F2(!)108 578.4 Q F4
 (string)A F0(Refer to the most recent command starting with)9.33 E F4
-(string)2.5 E F0(.).22 E F2(!?)108 573.6 Q F4(string)A F2([?])A F0 1.022
-(Refer to the most recent command containing)144 585.6 R F4(string)3.522
+(string)2.5 E F0(.).22 E F2(!?)108 590.4 Q F4(string)A F2([?])A F0 1.022
+(Refer to the most recent command containing)144 602.4 R F4(string)3.522
 E F0 6.022(.T).22 G 1.022(he trailing)-6.022 F F2(?)3.522 E F0 1.022
-(may be omitted if)3.522 F F4(string)3.862 E F0(is)3.742 E(follo)144
-597.6 Q(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F5 12/Times-Bold@0
-SF(^)108 614.6 Q F4(string1)-5 I F5(^)5 I F4(string2)-5 I F5(^)5 I F0
-2.63(Quick substitution.)144 621.6 R 2.629
+(may be omitted if)3.522 F F4(string)3.861 E F0(is)3.741 E(follo)144
+614.4 Q(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F5 12/Times-Bold@0
+SF(^)108 631.4 Q F4(string1)-5 I F5(^)5 I F4(string2)-5 I F5(^)5 I F0
+2.629(Quick substitution.)144 638.4 R 2.629
 (Repeat the last command, replacing)7.629 F F4(string1)5.469 E F0(with)
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-2.629(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 633.6 S(!!:s/).74 E F4(string1)A F0(/)A
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-(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 645.6 Q F0
+(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 662.4 Q F0
 (The entire command line typed so f)27.67 E(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2 -.75
-(Wo)87 662.4 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 674.4 S 1.313
+(Wo)87 679.2 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 691.2 S 1.314
 (rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e)
--.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F2(:)3.814 E F0 1.314
-(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F
-.53(from the w)108 686.4 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G
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+.529(from the w)108 703.2 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G
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 (ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F2(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F2
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--3.029 E F2(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3
-(are numbered from the be)108 698.4 R 1.3
-(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301
-(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8
-F(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 710.4 Q
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+%%Page: 48 48
 %%BeginPageSetup
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@@ -5489,10 +5635,10 @@ BP
 (ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E F2(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2
 (x)108.77 156 Q F1<ad>A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)20.65 G(ange of w)-2.5 E
 (ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E
-F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 168 Q F0 .316(All of the w)31 F .316(ords b)-.1
-F .316(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)
+F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 168 Q F0 .315(All of the w)31 F .315(ords b)-.1
+F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)
 -.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F
-F1(*)2.815 E F0 .315(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 180 Q
+F1(*)2.816 E F0 .316(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 180 Q
 (ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
 (nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108 192 Q F0
 (Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<78ad>108 204 Q F0
@@ -5500,10 +5646,10 @@ F1(*)2.815 E F0 .315(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 180 Q
 2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 220.8
 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
 (nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 237.6 Q F0 .183
-(After the optional w)108 249.6 R .183(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4
-G .184(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.683 F
-.184(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 261.6 Q F1(h)
+-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 237.6 Q F0 .184
+(After the optional w)108 249.6 R .184(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4
+G .183(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F
+.183(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 261.6 Q F1(h)
 108 278.4 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
 (railing \214le name component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1
 (t)108 290.4 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
@@ -5518,2481 +5664,2539 @@ E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 338.4 Q F0
 -.1 E F1(x)108 350.4 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1
 E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)
 2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 362.4 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A
-F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 374.4 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E
-F0 .221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.032 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221
+F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 374.4 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E
+F0 .221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.031 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221
 (in the e)3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721
-(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .616(of /.)144
+(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144
 386.4 R .617
 (The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)
-5.616 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .617(The delimiter may)5.617
+5.617 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .616(The delimiter may)5.616
 F .666(be quoted in)144 398.4 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)
 3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666
 (If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166
 (ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E
-F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 410.4 R
-(If)5.274 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544
-F F2(old)3.005 E F0 .275(substituted, or)3.545 F 2.775(,i)-.4 G 2.775
-(fn)-2.775 G 2.775(op)-2.775 G(re)-2.775 E(vi-)-.25 E
+F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 410.4 R
+(If)5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544
+F F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G 2.774
+(fn)-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E
 (ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 422.4 Q F2(string)
 2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1
 (&)108 434.4 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1
-(g)108 446.4 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-2.898(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.898 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
-.15 F .397(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.897
-('\()C(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 458.4 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
--.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.218('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.718('. If)B 1.218
-(used with `)3.718 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.219
-(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .09
+(g)108 446.4 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
+.15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.898
+('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 458.4 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
+-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219
+(used with `)3.719 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.218
+(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089
 (delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 470.4 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .089(nt line.).15 F(An)5.089 E F1(a)2.589 E F0 .089
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-(.)A F1(G)108 494.4 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0
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-(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 523.2
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 (IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)
--.25 F 2.007(each resultant w)184 300 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507
+-.25 F 2.007(each resultant w)184 360 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507
 (xpanded. The)-.15 F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the)
-4.507 F(resultant list which match the w)184 312 Q(ord being completed.)
--.1 E F1<ad43>144 324 Q F3(command)2.5 E(command)184 336 Q F0 1.056
+4.507 F(resultant list which match the w)184 372 Q(ord being completed.)
+-.1 E F1<ad43>144 384 Q F3(command)2.5 E(command)184 396 Q F0 1.056
 (is e)3.556 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
 (vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.)
-184 348 Q F1<ad46>144 360 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 1.18
-(The shell function)184 372 R F3(function)3.68 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F
+184 408 Q F1<ad46>144 420 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 1.18
+(The shell function)184 432 R F3(function)3.68 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F
 -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.181(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 3.681
 (vironment. When)-.4 F 1.181(it \214n-)3.681 F .932
-(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 384 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 444 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
 3.432(df).15 G .932(rom the v)-3.432 F .932(alue of the)-.25 F F2
-(COMPREPL)3.431 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.181 E -.25(va)184 396 S(riable.)
-.25 E F1<ad58>144 408 Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 420 Q F0
-.733(is a pattern as used for \214lename e)3.233 F 3.233(xpansion. It)
--.15 F .733(is applied to the list of possible)3.233 F 1.596
-(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 432 R 1.596
-(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 444 Q F3(\214lterpat)
+(COMPREPL)3.431 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.181 E -.25(va)184 456 S(riable.)
+.25 E F1<ad58>144 468 Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 480 Q F0
+.455(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.955 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15
+F .456(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596
+(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 492 R 1.596
+(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 504 Q F3(\214lterpat)
 3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15 G .704
 (rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0
 (in)3.204 E F3(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .705
-(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 456 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
+(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 516 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
 (ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E F1<ad50>144 468 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)
-184 480 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E F1<ad50>144 528 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)
+184 540 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534
 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F
--.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 492 Q F1<ad53>144 504 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
+-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 552 Q F1<ad53>144 564 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
 2.81(\214x suf)-.18 F<8c78>-.18 E F0
 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5
-E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E .466(The return v)144 520.8 R
+E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E .466(The return v)144 580.8 R
 .466(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466
 (lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0
 (or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362
-(plied without a)144 532.8 R F3(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361
+(plied without a)144 592.8 R F3(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361
 (gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H
-1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F3(name)144 544.8 Q F0
+1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F3(name)144 604.8 Q F0
 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E
 (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E
-F1(compopt)108 561.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
-F1(+o)-2.5 E F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447
-(Modify completion options for each)144 573.6 R F3(name)2.947 E F0 .447
-(according to the)2.947 F F3(option)2.947 E F0 .447
-(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E .726
-(completion if no)144 585.6 R F3(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726
+F1(compopt)108 621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
+F1(\255DE)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3
+(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 633.6 R
+F3(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F3(option)2.947 E F0
+.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E .726
+(completion if no)144 645.6 R F3(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726
 (re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F3(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)
 C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725
-(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 597.6 Q F3(name)
+(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 657.6 Q F3(name)
 3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v)
 5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F3(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224
-F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 609.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)
-2.5 G(iltin described abo).2 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E .327(The return v)
-108 626.4 R .327(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .327
+F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 669.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)
+2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he)
+-5.297 E F1<ad44>2.797 E F0 .297
+(option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F
+1.227(the `)144 681.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\
+mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \
+no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 693.6 R 2.178
+(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.178 E F1<ad45>4.678 E F0 2.177
+(option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F(should apply to `)
+144 705.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G
+(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)-2.5
+E .327(The return v)108 722.4 R .327(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F
+-.25(va)-.4 G .327
 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the options for a)
-.25 F F3(name)108 638.4 Q F0(for which no completion speci\214cation e)
-2.5 E(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 655.2 Q
-F0([)2.5 E F3(n)A F0(])A 1.753(Resume the ne)144 667.2 R 1.753
-(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A
-F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1
-(select)4.254 E F0 4.254(loop. If)4.254 F F3(n)4.614 E F0 1.754
-(is speci\214ed,)4.494 F 1.209(resume at the)144 679.2 R F3(n)3.709 E F0
-1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F3(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F4 10
-/Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F3(n)4.069 E F0 1.209
-(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .513
-(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 691.2 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.013('l)-.74 G .513(oop\) is resumed.)-3.013 F .514
-(The return v)5.514 F .514(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F3(n)3.014 E F0(is)
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--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(declar)108 84 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1
-(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E
-F1(typeset)108 96 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>
--2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])
--2.5 E 1.265(Declare v)144 108 R 1.265(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.565
--.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.265(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E
-F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.764
-(nt).15 G 1.264(hen display the v)-3.764 F 1.264(alues of)-.25 F -.25
-(va)144 120 S 3.482(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982
-(option will display the attrib)3.482 F .982(utes and v)-.2 F .983
-(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.483 E F0 5.983(.W).18 G(hen)-5.983 E F1
-<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983(is used)3.483 F(with)144 132 Q F2(name)3.58 E F0
-(ar)3.58 E 1.079(guments, additional options are ignored.)-.18 F(When)
-6.079 E F1<ad70>3.579 E F0 1.079(is supplied without)3.579 F F2(name)
-3.579 E F0(ar)3.579 E(gu-)-.18 E .15(ments, it will display the attrib)
-144 144 R .15(utes and v)-.2 F .151(alues of all v)-.25 F .151
-(ariables ha)-.25 F .151(ving the attrib)-.2 F .151
-(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .047(additional options.)144 156 R .047
-(If no other options are supplied with)5.047 F F1<ad70>2.547 E F0(,)A F1
-(declar)2.547 E(e)-.18 E F0 .046(will display the attrib)2.546 F .046
-(utes and)-.2 F -.25(va)144 168 S 1.362(lues of all shell v).25 F 3.862
-(ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.862 E F0 1.363
-(option will restrict the display to shell functions.)3.862 F(The)6.363
-E F1<ad46>3.863 E F0 2.422(option inhibits the display of function de\
-\214nitions; only the function name and attrib)144 180 R 2.422(utes are)
--.2 F 2.663(printed. If)144 192 R(the)2.663 E F1(extdeb)2.663 E(ug)-.2 E
-F0 .164(shell option is enabled using)2.663 F F1(shopt)2.664 E F0 2.664
-(,t)C .164(he source \214le name and line number)-2.664 F 1.382
-(where the function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 204 R(The)
-6.382 E F1<ad46>3.882 E F0 1.382(option implies)3.882 F F1<ad66>3.882 E
-F0 6.382(.T)C 1.382(he follo)-6.382 F(wing)-.25 E .793
-(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 216 R .794
-(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .794(ute or to gi)-.2 F
-1.094 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 228 Q(utes:)-.2 E F1
-<ad61>144 240 Q F0(Each)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5
-E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad41>144 252 Q F0(Each)23.08
-E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray v).15
-E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).)
-.15 E F1<ad66>144 264 Q F0(Use function names only)26.97 E(.)-.65 E F1
-<ad69>144 276 Q F0 .558(The v)27.52 F .558
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)108 84 Q F0
+(for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E
+(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(continue)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144
+112.8 R 1.754(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F2 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r)
+.25 E F0(,)A F2(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F2(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)
+-4.254 E F2(select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F1(n)4.613 E F0
+1.753(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 124.8 R F1(n)3.709
+E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F1(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F3
+10/Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F1(n)4.069 E F0 1.209
+(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514
+(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 136.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513
+(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F1(n)3.013 E F0(is)
+3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 148.8 Q F2(declar)108 165.6
+Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E F0
+2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F2
+(typeset)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>
+-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])
+-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 189.6 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564
+-.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E
+F1(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765
+(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F -.25
+(va)144 201.6 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F2<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983
+(option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982
+(alues of each)-.25 F F1(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F2
+<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 213.6 Q F1(name)3.579 E
+F0(ar)3.579 E 1.079(guments, additional options are ignored.)-.18 F
+(When)6.079 E F2<ad70>3.579 E F0 1.079(is supplied without)3.579 F F1
+(name)3.58 E F0(ar)3.58 E(gu-)-.18 E .151
+(ments, it will display the attrib)144 225.6 R .151(utes and v)-.2 F
+.151(alues of all v)-.25 F .15(ariables ha)-.25 F .15(ving the attrib)
+-.2 F .15(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .046(additional options.)144
+237.6 R .046(If no other options are supplied with)5.046 F F2<ad70>2.547
+E F0(,)A F2(declar)2.547 E(e)-.18 E F0 .047(will display the attrib)
+2.547 F .047(utes and)-.2 F -.25(va)144 249.6 S 1.363
+(lues of all shell v).25 F 3.863(ariables. The)-.25 F F2<ad66>3.863 E F0
+1.362(option will restrict the display to shell functions.)3.863 F(The)
+6.362 E F2<ad46>3.862 E F0 2.422(option inhibits the display of functio\
+n de\214nitions; only the function name and attrib)144 261.6 R 2.423
+(utes are)-.2 F 2.664(printed. If)144 273.6 R(the)2.664 E F2(extdeb)
+2.664 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .164(shell option is enabled using)2.664 F F2(shopt)
+2.664 E F0 2.664(,t)C .163(he source \214le name and line number)-2.664
+F 1.382(where the function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 285.6
+R(The)6.382 E F2<ad46>3.882 E F0 1.382(option implies)3.882 F F2<ad66>
+3.882 E F0 6.382(.T)C 1.382(he follo)-6.382 F(wing)-.25 E .794
+(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 297.6 R .794
+(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 F
+1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 309.6 Q(utes:)-.2 E F2
+<ad61>144 321.6 Q F0(Each)25.3 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5
+E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2<ad41>144 333.6 Q F0(Each)
+23.08 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
+(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)
+-.15 G(\).).15 E F2<ad66>144 345.6 Q F0(Use function names only)26.97 E
+(.)-.65 E F2<ad69>144 357.6 Q F0 .557(The v)27.52 F .558
 (ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25
-(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .557
-(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION \))180 288 Q F0
-(is performed when the v)2.25 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)
--.25 E F1<ad6c>144 300 Q F0 .909(When the v)27.52 F .909
-(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909
-(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to lo).15 F(wer)
--.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 312 R(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E
-(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad72>144 324 Q F0(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2
-(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C(eadonly)-5.047 E 7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546
-(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F 2.546
-(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 336 Q F1
-<ad74>144 348 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
-2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E 2.929
-(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 E(UG)
--.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0(traps from the calling shell.)
-180 360 Q(The trace attrib)5 E(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E
-(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 372 Q F0 .91(When the v)24.74 F .909
-(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909
-(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F
-(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 384 R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E
-(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78>144 396 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E
-F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E
-(vironment.)-.4 E .12(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 412.8 R
-2.62(ft)-.25 G .12(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F
-.121(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F
-1.237(to destro)144 424.8 R 3.737(ya)-.1 G 3.737(na)-3.737 G 1.237
-(rray v)-3.737 F 1.237(ariable and)-.25 F F1 1.237(+r will not r)3.737 F
-(emo)-.18 E 1.437 -.1(ve t)-.1 H 1.237(he r).1 F 1.237(eadonly attrib)
--.18 F 3.737(ute. When)-.2 F 1.236(used in a)3.737 F .311(function, mak)
-144 436.8 R .311(es each)-.1 F F2(name)2.811 E F1 .311
-(local, as with the local)2.811 F F0 2.811(command. If)2.811 F 2.811(av)
-2.811 G .312(ariable name is follo)-3.061 F .312(wed by)-.25 F(=)144
-448.8 Q F2(value)A F0 3.239(,t)C .739(he v)-3.239 F .739(alue of the v)
--.25 F .739(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.238 E F0 5.738(.T)C .738
-(he return v)-5.738 F .738(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G
-.738(lid option is).25 F .603
-(encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using)144 460.8
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+3.774(na)-6.274 G 1.274(ddition to the standard)-3.774 F F1(printf)3.774
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+-.15 F .619(escape sequences in the corresponding)144 108 R F1(ar)3.119
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+.033(than are supplied, the e)2.534 F .033
 (xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si)
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--.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 96 Q(The return v)5 E
-(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E/F2 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)108 112.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)
--2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 124.8 Q
-F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a direc\
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-e ne)144 136.8 R 3.14(wt)-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316
-(stack the current w)144 148.8 R 1.316(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)
--.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315
-(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315(irectories and)-3.815 F
-.871(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 160.8 R 5.871
-(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172
--.15(ve t)-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144
-172.8 Q F2<ad6e>144 184.8 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of dir\
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-(only the stack is manipulated.)180 196.8 Q F2(+)144 208.8 Q F1(n)A F0
+-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 228 Q(The return v)5 E
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+2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\
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+-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 280.8 R 1.316
+(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315
+(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315
+(irectories and)-3.815 F .871
+(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 292.8 R 5.871(.A)
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+F2<ad6e>144 316.8 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\
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+(only the stack is manipulated.)180 328.8 Q F2(+)144 340.8 Q F1(n)A F0
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 (th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268(wn by)
--.25 F F2(dirs)180 220.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C
-(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 232.8 Q F1(n)A F0
+-.25 F F2(dirs)180 352.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C
+(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 364.8 Q F1(n)A F0
 .92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92
 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25
-F F2(dirs)180 244.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
--2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 256.8 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F1(dir)2.85 E F0
+F F2(dirs)180 376.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
+-2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 388.8 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F1(dir)2.85 E F0
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-G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .488(If the)144 273.6
+G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .488(If the)144 405.6
 R F2(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F2(dirs)
 2.988 E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489
 (If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F2(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04
-(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 285.6 R F1(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G
+(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 417.6 R F1(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G
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 1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144
-297.6 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\
+429.6 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\
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-(speci\214ed ne)144 309.6 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E
-(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 326.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
-(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 338.4 R .845
+(speci\214ed ne)144 441.6 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E
+(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 458.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
+(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 470.4 R .845
 (orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844
 (he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144
-350.4 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2
+482.4 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2
 .181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2
 (set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264
-(enabled. If)144 362.4 R(the)3.264 E F2<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
+(enabled. If)144 494.4 R(the)3.264 E F2<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
 (option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264
 F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\
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--.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 386.4 Q F2 -.18(re)108 403.2 S
-(ad).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255ers)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad61>-2.5 E F1(aname)
-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad64>-2.5 E F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad69>-2.5
-E F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6e>-2.5 E F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E
-(s)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C
-F2<ad74>-2.5 E F1(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E
-F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the\
- standard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 415.2 R F1(fd)3.016 E
-F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 427.2 Q
-F2<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038
-(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F F1(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G
-.039(he second w)-2.539 F .039(ord to the second)-.1 F F1(name)2.539 E
-F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 439.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw)
-.15 G .42(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
+ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 506.4 R -.25(va)
+-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 518.4 Q F2 -.18(re)108 535.2 S
+(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad61>-3.817 E F1
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+(][)C F2<ad69>-3.817 E F1(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad6e>
+-3.817 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad4e>-3.816 E
+F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad70>-3.816 E F1(pr)
+3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad74>-3.816 E F1(timeout)3.816 E F0
+3.816(][)C F2<ad75>-3.816 E F1(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 547.2 Q F1(name)A
+F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, or from th\
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+3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 571.2 Q F2<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038
+(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst)
+-.1 F F1(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G .039(he second w)-2.539 F .039
+(ord to the second)-.1 F F1(name)2.539 E F0(,).18 E .42
+(and so on, with lefto)144 583.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42
+(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
 (ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I)
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 (characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011
 (are used to split the line into w)2.261 F 2.511(ords. The)-.1 F .011
 (backslash character \()2.511 F F2(\\)A F0 2.51(\)m)C(ay)-2.51 E 1.89
-(be used to remo)144 475.2 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
+(be used to remo)144 619.2 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
 1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.891
 (xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F
-(Options, if supplied, ha)144 487.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 499.2 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
-180 511.2 R 1.049
+(Options, if supplied, ha)144 631.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 643.2 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
+180 655.2 R 1.049
 (ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
 -.25 E F1(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F
-F1(aname)180.33 523.2 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
+F1(aname)180.33 667.2 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0
-(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 535.2 Q F1(delim)2.5 E
-F0(The \214rst character of)180 547.2 Q F1(delim)2.5 E F0
+(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 679.2 Q F1(delim)2.5 E
+F0(The \214rst character of)180 691.2 Q F1(delim)2.5 E F0
 (is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E
-F2<ad65>144 559.2 Q F0 .372
+F2<ad65>144 703.2 Q F0 .372
 (If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F2 -.18(re)
 2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E
 -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218
-(to obtain the line.)180 571.2 R .218
+(to obtain the line.)180 715.2 R .218
 (Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218
 (ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E
-(acti)180 583.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E
-F2<ad69>144 595.2 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F2 -.18(re)2.715
-G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F1(te)
-2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E
-.216(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 607.2 Q(gins.)-.15 E F2<ad6e>144
-619.2 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 631.2 S(ad).18 E
-F0 1.395(returns after reading)3.895 F F1(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E
-F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394
-(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input.)180 643.2 Q F2<ad70>144
-655.2 Q F1(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 667.2 Q F1(pr)3.66 E
-(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161
-(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)
--.25 F(an)180 679.2 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
-(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F2
-<ad72>144 691.2 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
-25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of)
--5.543 F(the line.)180 703.2 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
-(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)
--.25 E F2<ad73>144 715.2 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
-(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E
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-(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 96 Q F1 -.18(re)3.548 G(ad).18 E F0 1.048
-(to time out and return f)3.548 F 1.048
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+-.25 F(ing be)180 96 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 108 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)
+-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 120 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395
+(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395
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+-.1 F(input, b)180 132 Q(ut honor a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25
+E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0
+(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad4e>144 144
+Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 156 S(ad).18 E F0 1.269
+(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E
+(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27
+(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275
+(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 168 R F1 -.18(re)2.775
+G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274(Delimiter characters encoun-)
+5.274 F 1.002
+(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 180 R
+F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)3.503
+E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 192 Q F1<ad70>144 204 Q
+F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 216 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E
+F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161
+(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)
+-.25 F(an)180 228 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
+(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
+<ad72>144 240 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of)
+-5.543 F(the line.)180 252 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
+(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 264 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
+(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
+<ad74>144 276 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 288 Q F1 -.18(re)3.549 G
+(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048
 (ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout)
-180 108 Q F0(seconds.)3.497 E F2(timeout)5.997 E F0 .997
-(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.497 F(wing)
--.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 120 R .576(This option is only ef)
+180 300 Q F0(seconds.)3.496 E F2(timeout)5.996 E F0 .997
+(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.496 F(wing)
+-.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 312 R .576(This option is only ef)
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-(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .142
-(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 132 R .142
-(fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.141 E
-F2(timeout)2.641 E F0 .141(is 0,)2.641 F F1 -.18(re)180 144 S(ad).18 E
-F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.613 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113
-(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .114
-(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 156 Q
+(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .141
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-(cuting that script).15 F .246(and return either)144 386.4 R F2(n)3.106
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-(xit sta-)-.15 F .081(tus of the script.)144 398.4 R .082
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-(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
-(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144
-558 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2
-(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G
-1.945(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 570 R
-F1<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945
+(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 96 Q/F2
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+.15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1<ad>144 108 Q F0 1.944
+(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2(ar)4.444 E(g)
+-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G 1.945
+(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 120 R F1
+<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945
 (options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no)
 3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B
-(parameters remain unchanged.)184 582 Q .425(The options are of)144
-598.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
+(parameters remain unchanged.)184 132 Q .425(The options are of)144
+148.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
 (Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178
-(to be turned of)144 610.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178
+(to be turned of)144 160.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178
 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in)
 -.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066
-(current set of options may be found in)144 622.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
+(current set of options may be found in)144 172.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066
 (ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F
-(is encountered.)144 634.8 Q F1(shift)108 651.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 663.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
+(is encountered.)144 184.8 Q F1(shift)108 201.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 213.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
 .429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G
-.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 675.6 Q F1($#)2.582
+.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 225.6 Q F1($#)2.582
 E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082
 (+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga)
 -.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to)
 .15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06
-(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 687.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
+(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 237.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
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-(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 699.6 R
+(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 249.6 R
 .144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0
 .144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0
-(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 711.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q
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-E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 96 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222(alues of v)
--.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E
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-indication of whether or not each is set.)144 108 R(The)144 120 Q F1
-<ad70>2.828 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displayed in a form th\
-at may be reused as input.)2.828 F .327(Other options)5.327 F(ha)144 132
-Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144
-144 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144
-156 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>
-144 168 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return s\
-tatus indicates whether the)24.74 F F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E
-.256(set or unset.)180 180 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E
-F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G
-(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255
-(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 192 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0
-(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 204 Q F0
-(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
-(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5
-E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .127(If either)144 220.8 R F1
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-2.627 F F2(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127
+(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 261.6 Q F1(shopt)108 278.4 Q F0([)
+2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 290.4 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222
+(alues of v)-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F
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+144 314.4 Q F1<ad70>2.828 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\
+d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.828 F .327(Other options)
+5.327 F(ha)144 326.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 338.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5
+E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 350.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
+(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 362.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
+put \(quiet mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2
+(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 374.4 R .256
+(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256
+(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1
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+(all)180 386.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)
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+(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .127
+(If either)144 415.2 R F1<ad73>2.627 E F0(or)2.627 E F1<ad75>2.627 E F0
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 (guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.024
-(are set or unset, respecti)144 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.024
+(are set or unset, respecti)144 427.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.024
 (.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.024 F F1(shopt)3.523 E F0
-1.023(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.523 F(def)144 244.8 Q(ault.)
+1.023(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.523 F(def)144 439.2 Q(ault.)
 -.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
-261.6 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
+456 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
 4.045 F .696
 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 273.6 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695
-(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 285.6 Q(The list of)144 302.4 Q F1(shopt)
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+144 468 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell)
+-.25 F(option.)144 480 Q(The list of)144 496.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
+(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 514.8 Q F0 .199
 (If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
 -.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 332.4 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
+(ment to the)184 526.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
 (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 344.4 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 356.4 R .156
+F1(cdable_v)144 538.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 550.8 R .156
 (gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 368.4 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 380.4 Q F0
+(name of a v)184 562.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
+(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 574.8 Q F0
 1.055
 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
 10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
-(corrected. The)184 392.4 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
+(corrected. The)184 586.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
 (ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 404.4 R 4.352 -.65
+-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 598.8 R 4.352 -.65
 (y. I)-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552
 (orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 416.4 Q
+(the command proceeds.)184 610.8 Q
 (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.)
-.15 E F1(checkhash)144 428.4 Q F0 2.08(If set,)184 440.4 R F1(bash)4.58
+.15 E F1(checkhash)144 622.8 Q F0 2.08(If set,)184 634.8 R F1(bash)4.58
 E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079
-(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 452.4 S(cute it.).15 E
+(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 646.8 S(cute it.).15 E
 (If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 464.4
-Q F0 .448(If set,)184 476.4 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
+(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 658.8
+Q F0 .448(If set,)184 670.8 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
 (lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449
 (topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 488.4 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 682.8 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G
 .938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938
-(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 1.456
-(attempted without an interv)184 500.4 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15
-F F1 1.456(JOB CONTR)3.956 F(OL)-.3 E F0(abo)3.956 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-3.956(\). The).15 F(shell)3.956 E(al)184 512.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
-(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G(obs are stopped.)
--2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 524.4 Q F0 .797(If set,)184 536.4 R F1(bash)
-3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G .796
-(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G .796
-(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 548.4 S(lues of).25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A
-F1(cmdhist)144 560.4 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202
-(attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202
-(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184
-572.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
-(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 584.4
-Q F0 .42(If set,)184 596.4 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92
-F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419
-(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E
-(to the conditional command')184 608.4 Q 2.5(s=)-.55 G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G
-(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(dirspell)144 620.4 Q F0 .858(If set,)7.77 F
-F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858
-(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859
+(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203
+(attempted without an interv)184 694.8 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15
+F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 706.8 Q -.1(wa)
+-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G
+(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 29)135.965
+E(63)185.955 E 0 Cg EP
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(checkwinsize)144 84 Q F0 .797(If set,)184
+96 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G
+.796(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G
+.796(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 108 S(lues of).25 E/F2 9
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F2(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F3 9
+/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist)144 120 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1
+(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202(attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H
+1.202(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F
+(entry)184 132 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
+(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 144 Q
+F0 .42(If set,)184 156 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 F
+.419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)
+-.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the conditional command')184 168 Q 2.5(s=)-.55
+G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(compat32)144 180 Q F0 1.409
+(If set,)184 192 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F
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+(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F
+(string comparison when using the conditional command')184 204 Q 2.5
+(s<a)-.55 G(nd > operators.)-2.5 E F1(compat40)144 216 Q F0 1.41
+(If set,)184 228 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409
+(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409
+(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 1.692
+(string comparison when using the conditional command')184 240 R 4.193
+(s<a)-.55 G 1.693(nd > operators and the)-4.193 F(ef)184 252 Q
+(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 E F1(dirspell)144 264 Q F0
+.859(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858
+(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858
 (ord completion if)-.1 F
-(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 632.4 Q(xist.)-.15
-E F1(dotglob)144 644.4 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165
+(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 276 Q(xist.)-.15 E
+F1(dotglob)144 288 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165
 (includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i)
 -.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F
-(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 656.4 Q F0 1.386
-(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386
+(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 300 Q F0 1.387
+(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.687 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386
 (hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 668.4 Q
+1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 312 Q
 (gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E
 (An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15
-E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 680.4 Q
-F0 .717(If set, aliases are e)184 692.4 R .717(xpanded as described abo)
--.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(ALIASES)3.217 E F4(.)A F0
-.716(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 704.4 Q
-(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)
-72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96 E(62)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
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--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(extdeb)144 84 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)
-184 96 Q(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1
-(1.)184 108 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F
-F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751
-(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F
-(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 120 Q
-(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 132 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5
+E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 324 Q F0
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+F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0 .717
+(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 348 Q(ault for interacti)-.1
+E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 360 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
+(If set, beha)184 372 Q(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E
+(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 384 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.251 E
+F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)
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+(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 396 Q
+(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 408 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5
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-1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 144
-Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 156 Q F0 .84
-(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841
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--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(type)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0
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-E -.4(Wi)144 96 S .174(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G
-(ach)-2.674 E F2(name)3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173
-(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F
-F1<ad74>144 108 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(trap)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5
+(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)
+2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .702(The command)144 96 R F2(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0
+.702(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702
+(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.203(ss).15 G
+(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f)-5.703 E F2
+(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609(absent \(and there is a single)
+144 108 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E F0
+3.108(,e)C .608
+(ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F
+.658(\(the v)144 120 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).)
+-.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659
+(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec)
+144.34 132 Q F0 .581(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)
+3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E
+F0 .58(is not present and)3.3 F F1<ad70>3.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214
+(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 144 R F2
+(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 F
+(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 156 R F1<ad70>3.36 E
+F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86
+(prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83
+(signal. The)144 168 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell to\
+ print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.311
+(bers. Each)144 180 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811
+(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.81
+(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E
+(names are case insensiti)144 192 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
+(nd the SIG pre\214x is optional.).15 E 1.648(If a)144 210 R F2(sigspec)
+4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)4.148 E F0 1.648
+(\(0\) the command)3.898 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)4.369 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.)-.15 F
+1.649(If a)6.649 F F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144 222 Q(UG)
+-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F F2(ar)
+3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167
+(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.167(simple command)
+3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.667 E F0(command,)3.667 E F2(case)3.667 E F0
+(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 234 Q F2(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)2.646
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.646 E F0 .147
+(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147
+(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 246 R F3 .146
+(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15
+F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0
+.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 258 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7
+(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E(UG)
+-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3
+(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 270 Q F2(ar)3.474
+E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643
+(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.643(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F1(sour)3.143 E(ce)
+-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 282 Q -.15(xe)-.15
+G(cuting.).15 E .928(If a)144 300 R F2(sigspec)3.768 E F0(is)3.738 E F3
+(ERR)3.429 E F4(,)A F0 .929(the command)3.179 F F2(ar)3.759 E(g)-.37 E
+F0 .929(is e)3.649 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .929(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25
+G 3.429(ras).15 G .929(imple command has a non\255zero)-3.429 F -.15(ex)
+144 312 S 1.009(it status, subject to the follo).15 F 1.009
+(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)6.009 E F3(ERR)3.509 E F0 1.009
+(trap is not e)3.259 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.008(cuted if the f).15 F 1.008
+(ailed com-)-.1 F .324
+(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 324 R .324
+(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.824 E F0(or)2.824 E F1(until)2.824 E F0 -.1
+(ke)2.824 G(yw)-.05 E .324(ord, part of the test)-.1 F 1.129(in an)144
+336 R F2(if)3.639 E F0 1.129(statement, part of a command e)5.589 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 1.129(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.629 E F0(or)3.629 E/F5 10
+/Symbol SF<efef>3.629 E F0 1.129(list, or if the command')3.629 F 3.628
+(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.628 E -.25(va)144 348 S(lue is being in).25 E -.15
+(ve)-.4 G(rted via).15 E F1(!)2.5 E F0 5(.T)C
+(hese are the same conditions obe)-5 E(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E
+(exit)-.18 E F0(option.)2.5 E 1.095
+(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144
+366 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662
+(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 378 R .662
+(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is)
+-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 390 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1
+E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G
+(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108
+406.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
+(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 418.8 S .173
+(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2(name)
+3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174
+(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F
+F1<ad74>144 430.8 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0
 .843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E
 F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0
-(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2
-(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 120 Q F0 .087
-(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087
-(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2
-(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118
-(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 132 R .118
-(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F
-F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855
-(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 144 R .855
+(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2
+(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 442.8 Q F0 .086
+(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086
+(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2
+(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119
+(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 454.8 R .118
+(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F
+F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855
+(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 466.8 R .855
 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
-.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144
-156 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641
-(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1
-<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666
-(PA)3.141 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 168 R F2(name)2.613 E
-F0 2.613(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F3 .113
-(type -t name)2.613 F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2
-(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112
-(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1<ad70>2.612 E F0(and)144 180 Q F1<ad50>
-2.944 E F0 .444(print the hashed v)2.944 F .444
-(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F4
--.666(PA)2.945 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .445(If the)
-4.945 F F1<ad61>2.945 E F0(option)2.945 E .265(is used,)144 192 R F1
-(type)2.765 E F0 .265(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .265(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18
-G .265(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .426
-(and functions, if and only if the)144 204 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426
-(option is not also used.)2.926 F .427
-(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .549(consulted when using)
-144 216 R F1<ad61>3.049 E F0 5.549(.T)C(he)-5.549 E F1<ad66>3.049 E F0
-.548(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.049 F F1
-(command)3.048 E F0 -.2(bu)144 228 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
+.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if)
+144 478.8 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141
+G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E
+F1<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189
+E F0 .112(search for each)144 490.8 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15
+(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0
+-.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I)
+.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E
+F0(and)144 502.8 Q F1<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F
+.444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F3
+-.666(PA)2.944 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .444(If the)4.944 F F1<ad61>2.944
+E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 514.8 R F1(type)2.765 E F0 .265
+(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .265
+(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
+(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427(and functions, if and only if the)
+144 526.8 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
+.426(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548
+(consulted when using)144 538.8 R F1<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)
+-5.548 E F1<ad66>3.048 E F0 .549
+(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.048 F F1
+(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 550.8 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
 (returns true if all of the ar)2.5 E(guments are found, f)-.18 E
-(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 244.8
+(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 567.6
 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 256.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
+(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 579.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
+-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.944(that allo)144 268.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
-(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
+.943(that allo)144 591.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
+(The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 280.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
+144 603.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 292.8 R .426
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E
-F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-304.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 615.6 R .425
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E
+F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
+(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
+627.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.742(of the special v)144 316.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1
+.741(of the special v)144 639.6 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
 (soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
 C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 328.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 651.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 340.8 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
-.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498
+F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 663.6 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
+.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 352.8 Q 2.5
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 675.6 Q 2.5
 (alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1
-<ad61>144 364.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144
-376.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
-F1<ad63>144 388.8 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
-F1<ad64>144 400.8 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
--.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 412.8 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 424.8 Q
-F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)
-26.97 E F1<ad69>144 436.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
-27.52 E F1<ad6c>144 448.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 460.8 Q F0
+<ad61>144 687.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144
+699.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
+F1<ad63>144 711.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
+(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 29)135.965 E(67)185.955 E 0 Cg EP
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad64>144 84 Q F0
+(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E
+(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 96 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 108 Q F0
+(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97
+E F1<ad69>144 120 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1
+<ad6c>144 132 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 144 Q F0
 (The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 472.8 Q F0 .791(Th\
-e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
-24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F
-(be set\))180 484.8 Q F1<ad70>144 496.8 Q F0
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 156 Q F0 .791(The \
+maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
+24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
+168 Q F1<ad70>144 180 Q F0
 (The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
-<ad71>144 508.8 Q F0
-(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F1<ad72>144
-520.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F1<ad73>144
-532.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144 544.8 Q F0
-(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144 556.8 Q
-F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 568.8 Q F0
+<ad71>144 192 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
+24.74 E F1<ad72>144 204 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
+25.86 E F1<ad73>144 216 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144
+228 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
+240 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 252 Q F0
 (The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to the shell).25 E F1<ad78>144 580.8 Q F0
-(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1<ad54>144 592.8 Q F0
-(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 609.6 Q F2(limit)2.933 E
-F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843
-(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>
-2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F
-.175(option is gi)144 621.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
-2.675 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.675 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .176(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176(hich is in)-2.676 F(seconds,)144 633.6
-Q F1<ad70>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016
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+E F0(The systemwide initialization \214le, e)144 492 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(cuted for login shells).15 E F5(~/.bash_pr)109.666 504 Q(o\214le)-.45 E
+F0(The personal initialization \214le, e)144 516 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
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+(The indi)144 540 Q(vidual per)-.25 E(-interacti)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(-shell startup \214le).15 E F5(~/.bash_lo)109.666 552 Q(gout)-.1 E F0
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+F0(Brian F)108 616.8 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E(are F)-.1 E(oundation)-.15
+E(bfox@gnu.or)108 628.8 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 645.6 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C)
+-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve)
+-.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 657.6 Q(y@case.edu)-.15 E F4 -.11(BU)72
+674.4 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .567
+(If you \214nd a b)108 686.4 R .568(ug in)-.2 F F3(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568
+(you should report it.)3.068 F .568(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F
+3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .568(ug, and)-.2
+F 5.626(that it appears in the latest v)108 698.4 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15
+F F3(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.625
+(ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.625(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.625
+(ilable from).25 F F5(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 710.4 Q(g/pub/bash/)-.37 E F0
+(.)A .41(Once you ha)108 727.2 R .71 -.15(ve d)-.2 H .41
+(etermined that a b).15 F .41(ug actually e)-.2 F .411(xists, use the)
+-.15 F F5(bashb)3.181 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .411(command to submit a b)3.131 F
+.411(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.411 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 29)
+135.965 E(69)185.955 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 70 70
 %%BeginPageSetup
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-(speci\214cation.)2.25 E(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 633.6 Q
-(Shell b)108 650.4 Q
+211.2 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2
+E F1 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et@po.cwru.edu).15 E F0(.).25 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0
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+/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 268.8 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E
+(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 285.6 Q(Shell b)108 302.4 Q
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-re not handled gracefully when)108 667.2 R .39
-(process suspension is attempted.)108 679.2 R .389
-(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15
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--.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 703.2 Q(Array v)108
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-72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96 E(68)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
-%%Page: 69 69
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E(There may be only one acti)108 84 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H
-(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2009 February 7)140.96
-E(69)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+re not handled gracefully when)108 319.2 R .389
+(process suspension is attempted.)108 331.2 R .389
+(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.389 F -.15(xe)-.15
+G .39(cutes the ne).15 F .39(xt com-)-.15 F .193(mand in the sequence.)
+108 343.2 R .192(It suf)5.193 F .192(\214ces to place the sequence of c\
+ommands between parentheses to force it into a)-.25 F
+(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 355.2 Q(Array v)108 372 Q
+(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E
+(There may be only one acti)108 388.8 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H
+(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.1)72 768 Q(2009 December 29)
+135.965 E(70)185.955 E 0 Cg EP
 %%Trailer
 end
 %%EOF
diff --git a/doc/bashref.dvi b/doc/bashref.dvi
index 2891246f..652145aa 100644
--- a/doc/bashref.dvi
+++ b/doc/bashref.dvi
diff --git a/doc/bashref.html b/doc/bashref.html
index 630de5c4..d36b72b8 100644
--- a/doc/bashref.html
+++ b/doc/bashref.html
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <HTML>
 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
-<!-- Created on February, 5  2009 by texi2html 1.64 -->
+<!-- Created on December, 29  2009 by texi2html 1.64 -->
 <!-- 
 Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
             Karl Berry  <karl@freefriends.org>
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html@mathematik.uni-kl.de>
 <H1>Bash Reference Manual</H1></P><P>
 
 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.0, 29 December 2008).
+the Bash shell (version 4.1, 23 December 2009).
 </P><P>
 
-This is Edition 4.0, last updated 29 December 2008,
+This is Edition 4.1, last updated 23 December 2009,
 of <CITE>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</CITE>,
-for <CODE>Bash</CODE>, Version 4.0.
+for <CODE>Bash</CODE>, Version 4.1.
 </P><P>
 
 Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
@@ -688,6 +688,7 @@ present, are decoded as follows:
 <DT><CODE>\b</CODE>
 <DD>backspace
 <DT><CODE>\e</CODE>
+<DD><DT><CODE>\E</CODE>
 <DD>an escape character (not ANSI C)
 <DT><CODE>\f</CODE>
 <DD>form feed
@@ -703,6 +704,8 @@ present, are decoded as follows:
 <DD>backslash
 <DT><CODE>\'</CODE>
 <DD>single quote
+<DT><CODE>\"</CODE>
+<DD>double quote
 <DT><CODE>\<VAR>nnn</VAR></CODE>
 <DD>the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value <VAR>nnn</VAR>
 (one to three digits)
@@ -1097,7 +1100,7 @@ in <VAR>consequent-commands</VAR>, or zero if none was executed.
 The syntax of the <CODE>for</CODE> command is:
 <P>
 
-<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>for <VAR>name</VAR> [in <VAR>words</VAR> <small>...</small>]; do <VAR>commands</VAR>; done
+<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>for <VAR>name</VAR> [ [in [<VAR>words</VAR> <small>...</small>] ] ; ] do <VAR>commands</VAR>; done
 </pre></td></tr></table>Expand <VAR>words</VAR>, and execute <VAR>commands</VAR> once for each member
 in the resultant list, with <VAR>name</VAR> bound to the current member.
 If <SAMP>`in <VAR>words</VAR>'</SAMP> is not present, the <CODE>for</CODE> command
@@ -1202,7 +1205,7 @@ A list of patterns and an associated command-list is known
 as a <VAR>clause</VAR>.
 </P><P>
 
-Each clause must be terminated with <SAMP>`;;'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`,&#38;'</SAMP>, or <SAMP>`;;&#38;'</SAMP>.
+Each clause must be terminated with <SAMP>`;;'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`;&#38;'</SAMP>, or <SAMP>`;;&#38;'</SAMP>.
 The <VAR>word</VAR> undergoes tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command
 substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal before matching is
 attempted.  Each <VAR>pattern</VAR> undergoes tilde expansion, parameter
@@ -1318,6 +1321,10 @@ Conditional operators such as <SAMP>`-f'</SAMP> must be unquoted to be recognize
 as primaries.
 </P><P>
 
+When used with <SAMP>`[['</SAMP>, The <SAMP>`&#60;'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`&#62;'</SAMP> operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+</P><P>
+
 When the <SAMP>`=='</SAMP> and <SAMP>`!='</SAMP> operators are used, the string to the
 right of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according
 to the rules described below in <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC37">3.5.8.1 Pattern Matching</A>.
@@ -1577,14 +1584,19 @@ positional parameters is updated to reflect the change.
 Special parameter <CODE>0</CODE> is unchanged.
 The first element of the <CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE> variable is set to the
 name of the function while the function is executing.
+</P><P>
+
 All other aspects of the shell execution
 environment are identical between a function and its caller
-with the exception that the <CODE>DEBUG</CODE> and <CODE>RETURN</CODE> traps
+with these exceptions:
+the <CODE>DEBUG</CODE> and <CODE>RETURN</CODE> traps
 are not inherited unless the function has been given the
 <CODE>trace</CODE> attribute using the <CODE>declare</CODE> builtin or
 the <CODE>-o functrace</CODE> option has been enabled with
 the <CODE>set</CODE> builtin,
-(in which case all functions inherit the <CODE>DEBUG</CODE> and <CODE>RETURN</CODE> traps).
+(in which case all functions inherit the <CODE>DEBUG</CODE> and <CODE>RETURN</CODE> traps),
+and the <CODE>ERR</CODE> trap is not inherited unless the <CODE>-o errtrace</CODE>
+shell option has been enabled.
 See section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A>, for the description of the
 <CODE>trap</CODE> builtin.
 </P><P>
@@ -1970,7 +1982,7 @@ For example,
 ade ace abe
 </pre></td></tr></table></P><P>
 
-A sequence expression takes the form <CODE>{<VAR>x</VAR>..<VAR>y</VAR>[<VAR>incr</VAR>]}</CODE>,
+A sequence expression takes the form <CODE>{<VAR>x</VAR>..<VAR>y</VAR>[..<VAR>incr</VAR>]}</CODE>,
 where <VAR>x</VAR> and <VAR>y</VAR> are either integers or single characters,
 and <VAR>incr</VAR>, an optional increment, is an integer.
 When integers are supplied, the expression expands to each number between
@@ -2154,7 +2166,7 @@ is followed by a character that is not to be
 interpreted as part of its name.
 </P><P>
 
-If the first character of <VAR>parameter</VAR> is an exclamation point,
+If the first character of <VAR>parameter</VAR> is an exclamation point (!),
 a level of variable indirection is introduced.
 Bash uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of
 <VAR>parameter</VAR> as the name of the variable; this variable is then
@@ -2337,7 +2349,7 @@ array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
 <DD><DT><CODE>${<VAR>parameter</VAR>,,<VAR>pattern</VAR>}</CODE>
 <DD>This expansion modifies the case of alphabetic characters in <VAR>parameter</VAR>.
 The <VAR>pattern</VAR> is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
-pathname expansion.
+filename expansion.
 The <SAMP>`^'</SAMP> operator converts lowercase letters matching <VAR>pattern</VAR>
 to uppercase; the <SAMP>`,'</SAMP> operator converts matching uppercase letters
 to lowercase.
@@ -2585,7 +2597,7 @@ If the shell option <CODE>nocaseglob</CODE> is enabled, the match is performed
 without regard to the case of alphabetic characters.
 </P><P>
 
-When a pattern is used for filename generation, the character <SAMP>`.'</SAMP>
+When a pattern is used for filename expansion, the character <SAMP>`.'</SAMP>
 at the start of a filename or immediately following a slash
 must be matched explicitly, unless the shell option <CODE>dotglob</CODE> is set.
 When matching a file name, the slash character must always be
@@ -2784,6 +2796,15 @@ Redirections are processed in the order they appear, from
 left to right.
 </P><P>
 
+Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number
+may instead be preceded by a word of the form {<VAR>varname</VAR>}.
+In this case, for each redirection operator except
+&#62;&#38;- and &#60;&#38;-, the shell will allocate a file descriptor greater
+than 10 and assign it to {<VAR>varname</VAR>}.  If &#62;&#38;- or &#60;&#38;- is preceded
+by {<VAR>varname</VAR>}, the value of <VAR>varname</VAR> defines the file
+descriptor to close.
+</P><P>
+
 In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is
 omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is
 <SAMP>`&#60;'</SAMP>, the redirection refers to the standard input (file
@@ -2806,7 +2827,7 @@ the command
 (file descriptor 2) to the file <VAR>dirlist</VAR>, while the command
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ls 2&#62;&#38;1 &#62; <VAR>dirlist</VAR>
 </pre></td></tr></table>directs only the standard output to file <VAR>dirlist</VAR>,
-because the standard error was duplicated as standard output
+because the standard error was made a copy of the standard output
 before the standard output was redirected to <VAR>dirlist</VAR>.
 </P><P>
 
@@ -3785,8 +3806,14 @@ Many of the builtins have been extended by POSIX or Bash.
 Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented as accepting
 options preceded by <SAMP>`-'</SAMP> accepts <SAMP>`--'</SAMP>
 to signify the end of the options.
-For example, the <CODE>:</CODE>, <CODE>true</CODE>, <CODE>false</CODE>, and <CODE>test</CODE>
-builtins do not accept options.
+The <CODE>:</CODE>, <CODE>true</CODE>, <CODE>false</CODE>, and <CODE>test</CODE>
+builtins do not accept options and do not treat <SAMP>`--'</SAMP> specially.
+The <CODE>exit</CODE>, <CODE>logout</CODE>, <CODE>break</CODE>, <CODE>continue</CODE>, <CODE>let</CODE>,
+and <CODE>shift</CODE> builtins accept and process arguments beginning
+with <SAMP>`-'</SAMP> without requiring <SAMP>`--'</SAMP>.
+Other builtins that accept arguments but are not specified as accepting
+options interpret arguments beginning with <SAMP>`-'</SAMP> as invalid options and
+require <SAMP>`--'</SAMP> to prevent this interpretation.
 </P><P>
 
 <A NAME="Bourne Shell Builtins"></A>
@@ -4201,33 +4228,37 @@ The <SAMP>`-l'</SAMP> option causes the shell to print a list of signal names
 and their corresponding numbers.
 Each <VAR>sigspec</VAR> is either a signal name or a signal number.
 Signal names are case insensitive and the <CODE>SIG</CODE> prefix is optional.
+<P>
+
 If a <VAR>sigspec</VAR>
 is <CODE>0</CODE> or <CODE>EXIT</CODE>, <VAR>arg</VAR> is executed when the shell exits.
 If a <VAR>sigspec</VAR> is <CODE>DEBUG</CODE>, the command <VAR>arg</VAR> is executed
 before every simple command, <CODE>for</CODE> command, <CODE>case</CODE> command,
 <CODE>select</CODE> command, every arithmetic <CODE>for</CODE> command, and before
 the first command executes in a shell function.
-Refer to the description of the <CODE>extglob</CODE> option to the
+Refer to the description of the <CODE>extdebug</CODE> option to the
 <CODE>shopt</CODE> builtin (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC63">4.3.2 The Shopt Builtin</A>) for details of its
 effect on the <CODE>DEBUG</CODE> trap.
+If a <VAR>sigspec</VAR> is <CODE>RETURN</CODE>, the command <VAR>arg</VAR> is executed
+each time a shell function or a script executed with the <CODE>.</CODE> or
+<CODE>source</CODE> builtins finishes executing.
+</P><P>
+
 If a <VAR>sigspec</VAR> is <CODE>ERR</CODE>, the command <VAR>arg</VAR> 
 is executed whenever a simple command has a non-zero exit status,
 subject to the following conditions.
 The <CODE>ERR</CODE> trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the
 command list immediately following an <CODE>until</CODE> or <CODE>while</CODE> keyword,
-part of the test in an <CODE>if</CODE> statement,
+part of the test following the <CODE>if</CODE> or <CODE>elif</CODE> reserved words,
 part of a command executed in a <CODE>&#38;&#38;</CODE> or <CODE>||</CODE> list,
 or if the command's return
 status is being inverted using <CODE>!</CODE>.
 These are the same conditions obeyed by the <CODE>errexit</CODE> option.
-If a <VAR>sigspec</VAR> is <CODE>RETURN</CODE>, the command <VAR>arg</VAR> is executed
-each time a shell function or a script executed with the <CODE>.</CODE> or
-<CODE>source</CODE> builtins finishes executing.
-<P>
+</P><P>
 
 Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
 Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original
-values in a child process when it is created.
+values in a subshell or subshell environment when one is created.
 </P><P>
 
 The return status is zero unless a <VAR>sigspec</VAR> does not specify a
@@ -4713,7 +4744,7 @@ parent.
 <DD><A NAME="IDX101"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>mapfile [-n <VAR>count</VAR>] [-O <VAR>origin</VAR>] [-s <VAR>count</VAR>] [-t] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>] [
 -C <VAR>callback</VAR>] [-c <VAR>quantum</VAR>] [<VAR>array</VAR>]
-</pre></td></tr></table>Read lines from the standard input into array variable <VAR>array</VAR>,
+</pre></td></tr></table>Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable <VAR>array</VAR>,
 or from file descriptor <VAR>fd</VAR>
 if the <SAMP>`-u'</SAMP> option is supplied.
 The variable <CODE>MAPFILE</CODE> is the default <VAR>array</VAR>.
@@ -4728,7 +4759,7 @@ The default index is 0.
 <DT><CODE>-s</CODE>
 <DD>Discard the first <VAR>count</VAR> lines read.
 <DT><CODE>-t</CODE>
-<DD>Remove a trailing line from each line read.
+<DD>Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
 <DT><CODE>-u</CODE>
 <DD>Read lines from file descriptor <VAR>fd</VAR> instead of the standard input.
 <DT><CODE>-C</CODE>
@@ -4752,7 +4783,8 @@ before assigning to it.
 </P><P>
 
 <CODE>mapfile</CODE> returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
-argument is supplied, or <VAR>array</VAR> is invalid or unassignable.
+argument is supplied, <VAR>array</VAR> is invalid or unassignable, or <VAR>array</VAR>
+is not an indexed array.
 </P><P>
 
 <DT><CODE>printf</CODE>
@@ -4788,7 +4820,7 @@ non-zero on failure.
 
 <DT><CODE>read</CODE>
 <DD><A NAME="IDX103"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>read [-ers] [-a <VAR>aname</VAR>] [-d <VAR>delim</VAR>] [-i <VAR>text</VAR>] [-n <VAR>nchars</VAR>] [-p <VAR>prompt</VAR>] [-t <VAR>timeout</VAR>] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]
+<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>read [-ers] [-a <VAR>aname</VAR>] [-d <VAR>delim</VAR>] [-i <VAR>text</VAR>] [-n <VAR>nchars</VAR>] [-N <VAR>nchars</VAR>] [-p <VAR>prompt</VAR>] [-t <VAR>timeout</VAR>] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]
 </pre></td></tr></table>One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
 <VAR>fd</VAR> supplied as an argument to the <SAMP>`-u'</SAMP> option, and the first word
 is assigned to the first <VAR>name</VAR>, the second word to the second <VAR>name</VAR>,
@@ -4836,7 +4868,17 @@ the editing buffer before editing begins.
 
 <DT><CODE>-n <VAR>nchars</VAR></CODE>
 <DD><CODE>read</CODE> returns after reading <VAR>nchars</VAR> characters rather than
-waiting for a complete line of input.
+waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter if fewer
+than <VAR>nchars</VAR> characters are read before the delimiter.
+<P>
+
+<DT><CODE>-N <VAR>nchars</VAR></CODE>
+<DD><CODE>read</CODE> returns after reading exactly <VAR>nchars</VAR> characters rather
+than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or
+<CODE>read</CODE> times out.
+Delimiter characters encountered in the input are
+not treated specially and do not cause <CODE>read</CODE> to return until
+<VAR>nchars</VAR> characters are read.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>-p <VAR>prompt</VAR></CODE>
@@ -4881,7 +4923,7 @@ The exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded.
 <DD><A NAME="IDX104"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>readarray [-n <VAR>count</VAR>] [-O <VAR>origin</VAR>] [-s <VAR>count</VAR>] [-t] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>] [
 -C <VAR>callback</VAR>] [-c <VAR>quantum</VAR>] [<VAR>array</VAR>]
-</pre></td></tr></table>Read lines from the standard input into array variable <VAR>array</VAR>,
+</pre></td></tr></table>Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable <VAR>array</VAR>,
 or from file descriptor <VAR>fd</VAR>
 if the <SAMP>`-u'</SAMP> option is supplied.
 <P>
@@ -4994,11 +5036,12 @@ option is given, it is interpreted as follows:
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>-m</CODE>
-<DD>The maximum resident set size.
+<DD>The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this limit).
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>-n</CODE>
-<DD>The maximum number of open file descriptors.
+<DD>The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not
+allow this value to be set).
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>-p</CODE>
@@ -5151,21 +5194,29 @@ immediately, rather than before printing the next primary prompt.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>-e</CODE>
-<DD>Exit immediately if a simple command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC16">3.2.1 Simple Commands</A>) exits
-with a non-zero status, unless the command that fails is part of the
+<DD>Exit immediately if a pipeline (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC17">3.2.2 Pipelines</A>), which may consist
+of a single simple command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC16">3.2.1 Simple Commands</A>),
+a subshell command enclosed in parentheses (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC22">3.2.4.3 Grouping Commands</A>),
+or one of the commands executed as part of a command list enclosed
+by braces (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC22">3.2.4.3 Grouping Commands</A>)
+returns a non-zero status.
+The shell does not exit if the command that fails is part of the
 command list immediately following a <CODE>while</CODE> or <CODE>until</CODE> keyword,
 part of the test in an <CODE>if</CODE> statement,
-part of a command executed in a <CODE>&#38;&#38;</CODE> or <CODE>||b</CODE> list,
+part of any command executed in a <CODE>&#38;&#38;</CODE> or <CODE>||</CODE> list except
+the command following the final <CODE>&#38;&#38;</CODE> or <CODE>||</CODE>,
 any command in a pipeline but the last,
-or if the command's return status is being inverted using <CODE>!</CODE>.
-Failing simple commands that are part of shell functions or command lists
-enclosed in braces or parentheses satisfying the above conditions do not
-cause the shell to exit.
+or if the command's return status is being inverted with <CODE>!</CODE>.
 A trap on <CODE>ERR</CODE>, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
 <P>
 
+This option applies to the shell environment and each subshell environment
+separately (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC53">3.7.3 Command Execution Environment</A>), and may cause
+subshells to exit before executing all the commands in the subshell.
+</P><P>
+
 <DT><CODE>-f</CODE>
-<DD>Disable file name generation (globbing).
+<DD>Disable filename expansion (globbing).
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>-h</CODE>
@@ -5315,8 +5366,8 @@ This also affects the editing interface used for <CODE>read -e</CODE>.
 <DD>Turn on privileged mode.
 In this mode, the <CODE>$BASH_ENV</CODE> and <CODE>$ENV</CODE> files are not
 processed, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
-and the <CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>CDPATH</CODE> and <CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE>  variables,
-if they appear in the environment, are ignored.
+and the <CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>CDPATH</CODE> and <CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE>
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored.
 If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
 real user (group) id, and the <CODE>-p</CODE> option is not supplied, these actions
 are taken and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
@@ -5331,7 +5382,8 @@ and group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>-u</CODE>
-<DD>Treat unset variables as an error when performing parameter expansion.
+<DD>Treat unset variables and parameters other than the special parameters
+<SAMP>`@'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> as an error when performing parameter expansion.
 An error message will be written to the standard error, and a non-interactive
 shell will exit.
 <P>
@@ -5637,7 +5689,7 @@ enclosed in double quotes.  This option is enabled by default.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>failglob</CODE>
-<DD>If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during pathname expansion
+<DD>If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during filename expansion
 result in an expansion error.
 <P>
 
@@ -6011,16 +6063,29 @@ The full pathname used to execute the current instance of Bash.
 <P>
 
 <A NAME="IDX134"></A>
-<DT><CODE>BASHPID</CODE>
+<DT><CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE>
 <DD><A NAME="IDX135"></A>
+A colon-separated list of enabled shell options.  Each word in
+the list is a valid argument for the <SAMP>`-s'</SAMP> option to the
+<CODE>shopt</CODE> builtin command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC63">4.3.2 The Shopt Builtin</A>).
+The options appearing in <CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE> are those reported
+as <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by <SAMP>`shopt'</SAMP>.
+If this variable is in the environment when Bash
+starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
+reading any startup files.  This variable is readonly.
+<P>
+
+<A NAME="IDX136"></A>
+<DT><CODE>BASHPID</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX137"></A>
 Expands to the process id of the current Bash process.
 This differs from <CODE>$$</CODE> under certain circumstances, such as subshells
 that do not require Bash to be re-initialized.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX136"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX138"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX137"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX139"></A>
 An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
 list of aliases as maintained by the <CODE>alias</CODE> builtin
 (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A>).
@@ -6028,9 +6093,9 @@ Elements added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting array
 elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX138"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX140"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX139"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX141"></A>
 An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in each
 frame of the current bash execution call stack.  The number of
 parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or script executed
@@ -6043,9 +6108,9 @@ for a description of the <CODE>extdebug</CODE> option to the <CODE>shopt</CODE>
 builtin).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX140"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX142"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX141"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX143"></A>
 An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current bash
 execution call stack.  The final parameter of the last subroutine call
 is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is
@@ -6057,9 +6122,9 @@ for a description of the <CODE>extdebug</CODE> option to the <CODE>shopt</CODE>
 builtin).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX142"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX144"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX143"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX145"></A>
 An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
 hash table of commands as maintained by the <CODE>hash</CODE> builtin
 (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A>).
@@ -6067,31 +6132,31 @@ Elements added to this array appear in the hash table; unsetting array
 elements cause commands to be removed from the hash table.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX144"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX146"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX145"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX147"></A>
 The command currently being executed or about to be executed, unless the
 shell is executing a command as the result of a trap,
 in which case it is the command executing at the time of the trap.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX146"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX148"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX147"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX149"></A>
 If this variable is set when Bash is invoked to execute a shell
 script, its value is expanded and used as the name of a startup file
 to read before executing the script.  See section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC70">6.2 Bash Startup Files</A>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX148"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX150"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX149"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX151"></A>
 The command argument to the <SAMP>`-c'</SAMP> invocation option.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX150"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX152"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX151"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX153"></A>
 An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
 corresponding to each member of <VAR>FUNCNAME</VAR>.
 <CODE>${BASH_LINENO[$i]}</CODE> is the line number in the source file where
@@ -6101,9 +6166,9 @@ The corresponding source file name is <CODE>${BASH_SOURCE[$i]}</CODE>.
 Use <CODE>LINENO</CODE> to obtain the current line number.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX152"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX154"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX153"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX155"></A>
 An array variable whose members are assigned by the <SAMP>`=~'</SAMP> binary
 operator to the <CODE>[[</CODE> conditional command
 (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC21">3.2.4.2 Conditional Constructs</A>).
@@ -6114,23 +6179,23 @@ string matching the <VAR>n</VAR>th parenthesized subexpression.
 This variable is read-only.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX154"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX156"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX155"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX157"></A>
 An array variable whose members are the source filenames corresponding
 to the elements in the <CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE> array variable.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX156"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX158"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX157"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX159"></A>
 Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment is spawned.
 The initial value is 0.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX158"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX160"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX159"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX161"></A>
 A readonly array variable (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC85">6.7 Arrays</A>)
 whose members hold version information for this instance of Bash.
 The values assigned to the array members are as follows:
@@ -6165,41 +6230,58 @@ The values assigned to the array members are as follows:
 </DL>
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX160"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX162"></A>
 <DT><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX161"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX163"></A>
 The version number of the current instance of Bash.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX162"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX164"></A>
+<DT><CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX165"></A>
+If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, Bash
+will write the trace output generated when <SAMP>`set -x'</SAMP>
+is enabled to that file descriptor.
+This allows tracing output to be separated from diagnostic and error
+messages.
+The file descriptor is closed when <CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE> is unset or assigned
+a new value.
+Unsetting <CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE> or assigning it the empty string causes the
+trace output to be sent to the standard error.
+Note that setting <CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE> to 2 (the standard error file
+descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error
+being closed.
+<P>
+
+<A NAME="IDX166"></A>
 <DT><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX163"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX167"></A>
 Used by the <CODE>select</CODE> builtin command to determine the terminal width
 when printing selection lists.  Automatically set upon receipt of a
 <CODE>SIGWINCH</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX164"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX168"></A>
 <DT><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX165"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX169"></A>
 An index into <CODE>${COMP_WORDS}</CODE> of the word containing the current
 cursor position.
 This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
 programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX166"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX170"></A>
 <DT><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX167"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX171"></A>
 The current command line.
 This variable is available only in shell functions and external
 commands invoked by the
 programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX168"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX172"></A>
 <DT><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX169"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX173"></A>
 The index of the current cursor position relative to the beginning of
 the current command.
 If the current cursor position is at the end of the current command,
@@ -6209,9 +6291,9 @@ commands invoked by the
 programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX170"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX174"></A>
 <DT><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX171"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX175"></A>
 Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion attempted
 that caused a completion function to be called:
 <VAR>TAB</VAR>, for normal completion,
@@ -6225,44 +6307,44 @@ commands invoked by the
 programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX172"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX176"></A>
 <DT><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX173"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX177"></A>
 The key (or final key of a key sequence) used to invoke the current
 completion function.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX174"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX178"></A>
 <DT><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX175"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX179"></A>
 The set of characters that the Readline library treats as word
 separators when performing word completion.
 If <CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties,
 even if it is subsequently reset.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX176"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX180"></A>
 <DT><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX177"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX181"></A>
 An array variable consisting of the individual
 words in the current command line.
-The words are split on shell metacharacters as the shell parser would
-separate them.
+The line is split into words as Readline would split it, using
+<CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE> as described above.
 This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
 programmable completion facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX178"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX182"></A>
 <DT><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX179"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX183"></A>
 An array variable from which Bash reads the possible completions
 generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable completion
 facility (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX180"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX184"></A>
 <DT><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX181"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX185"></A>
 An array variable containing the current contents of the directory stack.
 Directories appear in the stack in the order they are displayed by the
 <CODE>dirs</CODE> builtin.
@@ -6274,31 +6356,31 @@ If <CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties, even if
 it is subsequently reset.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX182"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX186"></A>
 <DT><CODE>EMACS</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX183"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX187"></A>
 If Bash finds this variable in the environment when the shell
 starts with value <SAMP>`t'</SAMP>, it assumes that the shell is running in an
 emacs shell buffer and disables line editing.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX184"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX188"></A>
 <DT><CODE>EUID</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX185"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX189"></A>
 The numeric effective user id of the current user.  This variable
 is readonly.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX186"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX190"></A>
 <DT><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX187"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX191"></A>
 The editor used as a default by the <SAMP>`-e'</SAMP> option to the <CODE>fc</CODE>
 builtin command.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX188"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX192"></A>
 <DT><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX189"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX193"></A>
 A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing
 filename completion.
 A file name whose suffix matches one of the entries in 
@@ -6307,9 +6389,9 @@ is excluded from the list of matched file names.  A sample
 value is <SAMP>`.o:~'</SAMP>
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX190"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX194"></A>
 <DT><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX191"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX195"></A>
 An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
 currently in the execution call stack.
 The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
@@ -6321,9 +6403,9 @@ If <CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties, even if
 it is subsequently reset.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX192"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX196"></A>
 <DT><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX193"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX197"></A>
 A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames to
 be ignored by filename expansion.
 If a filename matched by a filename expansion pattern also matches one
@@ -6331,9 +6413,9 @@ of the patterns in <CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE>, it is removed from the list
 of matches.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX194"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX198"></A>
 <DT><CODE>GROUPS</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX195"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX199"></A>
 An array variable containing the list of groups of which the current    
 user is a member.
 Assignments to <CODE>GROUPS</CODE> have no effect and return an error status.
@@ -6341,9 +6423,9 @@ If <CODE>GROUPS</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
 subsequently reset.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX196"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX200"></A>
 <DT><CODE>histchars</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX197"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX201"></A>
 Up to three characters which control history expansion, quick
 substitution, and tokenization (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.3 History Expansion</A>).
 The first character is the
@@ -6358,17 +6440,17 @@ remaining words on the line.  It does not necessarily cause the shell
 parser to treat the rest of the line as a comment.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX198"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX202"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX199"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX203"></A>
 The history number, or index in the history list, of the current
 command.  If <CODE>HISTCMD</CODE> is unset, it loses its special properties,
 even if it is subsequently reset.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX200"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX204"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX201"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX205"></A>
 A colon-separated list of values controlling how commands are saved on
 the history list.
 If the list of values includes <SAMP>`ignorespace'</SAMP>, lines which begin
@@ -6389,16 +6471,16 @@ not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
 <CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX202"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX206"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX203"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX207"></A>
 The name of the file to which the command history is saved.  The
 default value is <TT>`~/.bash_history'</TT>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX204"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX208"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX205"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX209"></A>
 The maximum number of lines contained in the history file.  When this
 variable is assigned a value, the history file is truncated, if
 necessary, by removing the oldest entries,
@@ -6408,9 +6490,9 @@ writing it when an interactive shell exits.
 The default value is 500.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX206"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX210"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX207"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX211"></A>
 A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command
 lines should be saved on the history list.  Each pattern is
 anchored at the beginning of the line and must match the complete
@@ -6432,16 +6514,16 @@ Combining these two patterns, separating them with a colon,
 provides the functionality of <CODE>ignoreboth</CODE>. 
 </P><P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX208"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX212"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX209"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX213"></A>
 The maximum number of commands to remember on the history list.
 The default value is 500.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX210"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX214"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX211"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX215"></A>
 If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a format string
 for <VAR>strftime</VAR> to print the time stamp associated with each history
 entry displayed by the <CODE>history</CODE> builtin.
@@ -6451,9 +6533,9 @@ This uses the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
 other history lines.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX212"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX216"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX213"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX217"></A>
 Contains the name of a file in the same format as <TT>`/etc/hosts'</TT> that
 should be read when the shell needs to complete a hostname.
 The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while the shell
@@ -6461,26 +6543,27 @@ is running;
 the next time hostname completion is attempted after the
 value is changed, Bash adds the contents of the new file to the
 existing list.
-If <CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE> is set, but has no value, Bash attempts to read 
+If <CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE> is set, but has no value, or does not name a readable file,
+Bash attempts to read 
 <TT>`/etc/hosts'</TT> to obtain the list of possible hostname completions.
 When <CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE> is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX214"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX218"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX215"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX219"></A>
 The name of the current host.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX216"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX220"></A>
 <DT><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX217"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX221"></A>
 A string describing the machine Bash is running on.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX218"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX222"></A>
 <DT><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX219"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX223"></A>
 Controls the action of the shell on receipt of an <CODE>EOF</CODE> character
 as the sole input.  If set, the value denotes the number
 of consecutive <CODE>EOF</CODE> characters that can be read as the
@@ -6491,30 +6574,30 @@ If the variable does not exist, then <CODE>EOF</CODE> signifies the end of
 input to the shell.  This is only in effect for interactive shells.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX220"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX224"></A>
 <DT><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX221"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX225"></A>
 The name of the Readline initialization file, overriding the default
 of <TT>`~/.inputrc'</TT>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX222"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX226"></A>
 <DT><CODE>LANG</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX223"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX227"></A>
 Used to determine the locale category for any category not specifically
 selected with a variable starting with <CODE>LC_</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX224"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX228"></A>
 <DT><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX225"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX229"></A>
 This variable overrides the value of <CODE>LANG</CODE> and any other
 <CODE>LC_</CODE> variable specifying a locale category.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX226"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX230"></A>
 <DT><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX227"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX231"></A>
 This variable determines the collation order used when sorting the
 results of filename expansion, and
 determines the behavior of range expressions, equivalence classes,
@@ -6522,51 +6605,51 @@ and collating sequences within filename expansion and pattern matching
 (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC36">3.5.8 Filename Expansion</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX228"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX232"></A>
 <DT><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX229"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX233"></A>
 This variable determines the interpretation of characters and the
 behavior of character classes within filename expansion and pattern
 matching (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC36">3.5.8 Filename Expansion</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX230"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX234"></A>
 <DT><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX231"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX235"></A>
 This variable determines the locale used to translate double-quoted
 strings preceded by a <SAMP>`$'</SAMP> (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX232"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX236"></A>
 <DT><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX233"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX237"></A>
 This variable determines the locale category used for number formatting.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX234"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX238"></A>
 <DT><CODE>LINENO</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX235"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX239"></A>
 The line number in the script or shell function currently executing.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX236"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX240"></A>
 <DT><CODE>LINES</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX237"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX241"></A>
 Used by the <CODE>select</CODE> builtin command to determine the column length
 for printing selection lists.  Automatically set upon receipt of a
 <CODE>SIGWINCH</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX238"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX242"></A>
 <DT><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX239"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX243"></A>
 A string that fully describes the system type on which Bash
 is executing, in the standard GNU <VAR>cpu-company-system</VAR> format.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX240"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX244"></A>
 <DT><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX241"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX245"></A>
 How often (in seconds) that the shell should check for mail in the
 files specified in the <CODE>MAILPATH</CODE> or <CODE>MAIL</CODE> variables.
 The default is 60 seconds.  When it is time to check
@@ -6575,37 +6658,37 @@ If this variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number
 greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX242"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX246"></A>
 <DT><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX243"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX247"></A>
 The previous working directory as set by the <CODE>cd</CODE> builtin.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX244"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX248"></A>
 <DT><CODE>OPTERR</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX245"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX249"></A>
 If set to the value 1, Bash displays error messages
 generated by the <CODE>getopts</CODE> builtin command.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX246"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX250"></A>
 <DT><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX247"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX251"></A>
 A string describing the operating system Bash is running on.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX248"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX252"></A>
 <DT><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX249"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX253"></A>
 An array variable (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC85">6.7 Arrays</A>)
 containing a list of exit status values from the processes
 in the most-recently-executed foreground pipeline (which may
 contain only a single command).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX250"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX254"></A>
 <DT><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX251"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX255"></A>
 If this variable is in the environment when <CODE>bash</CODE> starts, the shell
 enters POSIX mode (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC90">6.11 Bash POSIX Mode</A>) before reading the
 startup files, as if the <SAMP>`--posix'</SAMP> invocation option had been supplied.
@@ -6615,40 +6698,40 @@ as if the command
 </pre></td></tr></table>had been executed.  
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX252"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX256"></A>
 <DT><CODE>PPID</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX253"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX257"></A>
 The process ID of the shell's parent process.  This variable
 is readonly.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX254"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX258"></A>
 <DT><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX255"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX259"></A>
 If set, the value is interpreted as a command to execute
 before the printing of each primary prompt (<CODE>$PS1</CODE>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX256"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX260"></A>
 <DT><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX257"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX261"></A>
 If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of
 trailing directory components to retain when expanding the <CODE>\w</CODE> and
 <CODE>\W</CODE> prompt string escapes (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC88">6.9 Controlling the Prompt</A>).
 Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX258"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX262"></A>
 <DT><CODE>PS3</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX259"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX263"></A>
 The value of this variable is used as the prompt for the
 <CODE>select</CODE> command.  If this variable is not set, the
 <CODE>select</CODE> command prompts with <SAMP>`#? '</SAMP>
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX260"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX264"></A>
 <DT><CODE>PS4</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX261"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX265"></A>
 The value is the prompt printed before the command line is echoed
 when the <SAMP>`-x'</SAMP> option is set (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC62">4.3.1 The Set Builtin</A>).
 The first character of <CODE>PS4</CODE> is replicated multiple times, as
@@ -6656,29 +6739,29 @@ necessary, to indicate multiple levels of indirection.
 The default is <SAMP>`+ '</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX262"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX266"></A>
 <DT><CODE>PWD</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX263"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX267"></A>
 The current working directory as set by the <CODE>cd</CODE> builtin.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX264"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX268"></A>
 <DT><CODE>RANDOM</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX265"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX269"></A>
 Each time this parameter is referenced, a random integer
 between 0 and 32767 is generated.  Assigning a value to this
 variable seeds the random number generator.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX266"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX270"></A>
 <DT><CODE>REPLY</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX267"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX271"></A>
 The default variable for the <CODE>read</CODE> builtin.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX268"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX272"></A>
 <DT><CODE>SECONDS</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX269"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX273"></A>
 This variable expands to the number of seconds since the
 shell was started.  Assignment to this variable resets
 the count to the value assigned, and the expanded value
@@ -6686,17 +6769,17 @@ becomes the value assigned plus the number of seconds
 since the assignment.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX270"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX274"></A>
 <DT><CODE>SHELL</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX271"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX275"></A>
 The full pathname to the shell is kept in this environment variable.
 If it is not set when the shell starts,
 Bash assigns to it the full pathname of the current user's login shell.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX272"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX276"></A>
 <DT><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX273"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX277"></A>
 A colon-separated list of enabled shell options.  Each word in
 the list is a valid argument for the <SAMP>`-o'</SAMP> option to the
 <CODE>set</CODE> builtin command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC62">4.3.1 The Set Builtin</A>).
@@ -6707,16 +6790,16 @@ starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
 reading any startup files.  This variable is readonly.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX274"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX278"></A>
 <DT><CODE>SHLVL</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX275"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX279"></A>
 Incremented by one each time a new instance of Bash is started.  This is
 intended to be a count of how deeply your Bash shells are nested.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX276"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX280"></A>
 <DT><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX277"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX281"></A>
 The value of this parameter is used as a format string specifying
 how the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the <CODE>time</CODE>
 reserved word should be displayed.
@@ -6769,9 +6852,9 @@ If this variable is not set, Bash acts as if it had the value
 A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed.
 </P><P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX278"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX282"></A>
 <DT><CODE>TMOUT</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX279"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX283"></A>
 If set to a value greater than zero, <CODE>TMOUT</CODE> is treated as the
 default timeout for the <CODE>read</CODE> builtin (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A>).
 The <CODE>select</CODE> command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC21">3.2.4.2 Conditional Constructs</A>) terminates
@@ -6786,16 +6869,16 @@ Bash terminates after that number of seconds if input does
 not arrive.
 </P><P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX280"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX284"></A>
 <DT><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX281"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX285"></A>
 If set, Bash uses its value as the name of a directory in which
 Bash creates temporary files for the shell's use.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX282"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX286"></A>
 <DT><CODE>UID</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX283"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX287"></A>
 The numeric real user id of the current user.  This variable is readonly.
 <P>
 
@@ -7015,12 +7098,12 @@ Any arguments after the <CODE>--</CODE> are treated as filenames and arguments.
 </DL>
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX284"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX288"></A>
 A <EM>login</EM> shell is one whose first character of argument zero is
 <SAMP>`-'</SAMP>, or one invoked with the <SAMP>`--login'</SAMP> option.
 </P><P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX285"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX289"></A>
 An <EM>interactive</EM> shell is one started without non-option arguments,
 unless <SAMP>`-s'</SAMP> is specified,
 without specifying the <SAMP>`-c'</SAMP> option, and whose input and output are both
@@ -7193,8 +7276,9 @@ allow them to be specified.
 If Bash is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
 real user (group) id, and the <CODE>-p</CODE> option is not supplied, no startup
 files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
-the <CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE> variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored,
-and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
+the <CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE>, <CODE>CDPATH</CODE>, and <CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE>
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective
+user id is set to the real user id.
 If the <CODE>-p</CODE> option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is
 the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
 </P><P>
@@ -7473,6 +7557,10 @@ If the <VAR>file</VAR> argument to one of the primaries is one of
 descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively, is checked.
 </P><P>
 
+When used with <SAMP>`[['</SAMP>, The <SAMP>`&#60;'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`&#62;'</SAMP> operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+</P><P>
+
 Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow symbolic
 links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link itself.
 </P><P>
@@ -7593,8 +7681,9 @@ option to the <CODE>set</CODE> builtin (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC62"
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE><VAR>string1</VAR> == <VAR>string2</VAR></CODE>
+<DD><DT><CODE><VAR>string1</VAR> = <VAR>string2</VAR></CODE>
 <DD>True if the strings are equal.
-<SAMP>`='</SAMP> may be used in place of <SAMP>`=='</SAMP> for strict POSIX compliance.
+<SAMP>`='</SAMP> should be used with the <CODE>test</CODE> command for POSIX conformance.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE><VAR>string1</VAR> != <VAR>string2</VAR></CODE>
@@ -7602,13 +7691,11 @@ option to the <CODE>set</CODE> builtin (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC62"
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE><VAR>string1</VAR> &#60; <VAR>string2</VAR></CODE>
-<DD>True if <VAR>string1</VAR> sorts before <VAR>string2</VAR> lexicographically
-in the current locale.
+<DD>True if <VAR>string1</VAR> sorts before <VAR>string2</VAR> lexicographically.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE><VAR>string1</VAR> &#62; <VAR>string2</VAR></CODE>
-<DD>True if <VAR>string1</VAR> sorts after <VAR>string2</VAR> lexicographically
-in the current locale.
+<DD>True if <VAR>string1</VAR> sorts after <VAR>string2</VAR> lexicographically.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE><VAR>arg1</VAR> OP <VAR>arg2</VAR></CODE>
@@ -7942,11 +8029,15 @@ Referencing an array variable without a subscript is equivalent to
 referencing with a subscript of 0. 
 </P><P>
 
+An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a
+value.  The null string is a valid value.
+</P><P>
+
 The <CODE>unset</CODE> builtin is used to destroy arrays.
 <CODE>unset</CODE> <VAR>name</VAR>[<VAR>subscript</VAR>]
 destroys the array element at index <VAR>subscript</VAR>.
 Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename
-generation.
+expansion.
 <CODE>unset</CODE> <VAR>name</VAR>, where <VAR>name</VAR> is an array, removes the
 entire array. A subscript of <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`@'</SAMP> also removes the
 entire array.
@@ -8020,7 +8111,7 @@ as the value of the <CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE> shell variable.
 <DL COMPACT>
 
 <DT><CODE>dirs</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX286"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX290"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>dirs [+<VAR>N</VAR> | -<VAR>N</VAR>] [-clpv]
 </pre></td></tr></table>Display the list of currently remembered directories.  Directories
 are added to the list with the <CODE>pushd</CODE> command; the
@@ -8049,7 +8140,7 @@ line, prefixing each entry with its index in the stack.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>popd</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX287"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX291"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>popd [+<VAR>N</VAR> | -<VAR>N</VAR>] [-n]
 </pre></td></tr></table><P>
 
@@ -8073,7 +8164,7 @@ from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
 </DL>
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX288"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX292"></A>
 <DT><CODE>pushd</CODE>
 <DD><TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>pushd [-n] [<VAR>+N</VAR> | <VAR>-N</VAR> | <VAR>dir</VAR> ]
 </pre></td></tr></table><P>
@@ -8553,6 +8644,12 @@ The <CODE>ulimit</CODE> builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the <SAMP>`-c
 and <SAMP>`-f'</SAMP> options.
 <P>
 
+<LI>
+The arrival of <CODE>SIGCHLD</CODE>  when a trap is set on <CODE>SIGCHLD</CODE> does
+not interrupt the <CODE>wait</CODE> builtin and cause it to return immediately.
+The trap command is run once for each child that exits.
+<P>
+
 </OL>
 <P>
 
@@ -8636,7 +8733,7 @@ refers to the ability to selectively stop (suspend)
 the execution of processes and continue (resume)
 their execution at a later point.  A user typically employs
 this facility via an interactive interface supplied jointly
-by the system's terminal driver and Bash.
+by the operating system kernel's terminal driver and Bash.
 </P><P>
 
 The shell associates a <VAR>job</VAR> with each pipeline.  It keeps a
@@ -8660,11 +8757,13 @@ ID) receive keyboard-generated signals such as <CODE>SIGINT</CODE>.
 These processes are said to be in the foreground.  Background
 processes are those whose process group ID differs from the
 terminal's; such processes are immune to keyboard-generated
-signals.  Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or
-write to the terminal.  Background processes which attempt to
-read from (write to) the terminal are sent a <CODE>SIGTTIN</CODE>
-(<CODE>SIGTTOU</CODE>) signal by the terminal driver, which, unless
-caught, suspends the process. 
+signals.  Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or, if
+the user so specifies with <CODE>stty tostop</CODE>, write to the terminal.
+Background processes which attempt to
+read from (write to when <CODE>stty tostop</CODE> is in effect) the
+terminal are sent a <CODE>SIGTTIN</CODE> (<CODE>SIGTTOU</CODE>)
+signal by the kernel's terminal driver,
+which, unless caught, suspends the process. 
 </P><P>
 
 If the operating system on which Bash is running supports
@@ -8755,7 +8854,7 @@ Bash does not print another warning, and any stopped jobs are terminated.
 <DL COMPACT>
 
 <DT><CODE>bg</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX289"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX293"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>bg [<VAR>jobspec</VAR> <small>...</small>]
 </pre></td></tr></table>Resume each suspended job <VAR>jobspec</VAR> in the background, as if it
 had been started with <SAMP>`&#38;'</SAMP>.
@@ -8767,7 +8866,7 @@ that was started without job control.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>fg</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX290"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX294"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>fg [<VAR>jobspec</VAR>]
 </pre></td></tr></table>Resume the job <VAR>jobspec</VAR> in the foreground and make it the current job.
 If <VAR>jobspec</VAR> is not supplied, the current job is used.
@@ -8778,7 +8877,7 @@ job control enabled, <VAR>jobspec</VAR> does not specify a valid job or
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>jobs</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX291"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX295"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>jobs [-lnprs] [<VAR>jobspec</VAR>]
 jobs -x <VAR>command</VAR> [<VAR>arguments</VAR>]
 </pre></td></tr></table><P>
@@ -8823,7 +8922,7 @@ passing it <VAR>argument</VAR>s, returning its exit status.
 </P><P>
 
 <DT><CODE>kill</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX292"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX296"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>kill [-s <VAR>sigspec</VAR>] [-n <VAR>signum</VAR>] [-<VAR>sigspec</VAR>] <VAR>jobspec</VAR> or <VAR>pid</VAR>
 kill -l [<VAR>exit_status</VAR>]
 </pre></td></tr></table>Send a signal specified by <VAR>sigspec</VAR> or <VAR>signum</VAR> to the process
@@ -8843,7 +8942,7 @@ or non-zero if an error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>wait</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX293"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX297"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>wait [<VAR>jobspec</VAR> or <VAR>pid</VAR> ...]
 </pre></td></tr></table>Wait until the child process specified by each process ID <VAR>pid</VAR>
 or job specification <VAR>jobspec</VAR> exits and return the exit status of the
@@ -8856,7 +8955,7 @@ of the shell, the return status is 127.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>disown</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX294"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX298"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>disown [-ar] [-h] [<VAR>jobspec</VAR> <small>...</small>]
 </pre></td></tr></table>Without options, each <VAR>jobspec</VAR> is removed from the table of
 active jobs.
@@ -8871,7 +8970,7 @@ argument restricts operation to running jobs.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>suspend</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX295"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX299"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>suspend [-f]
 </pre></td></tr></table>Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a
 <CODE>SIGCONT</CODE> signal.
@@ -8907,9 +9006,9 @@ supplied process IDs.
 
 <DL COMPACT>
 
-<A NAME="IDX296"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX300"></A>
 <DT><CODE>auto_resume</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX297"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX301"></A>
 This variable controls how the shell interacts with the user and
 job control.  If this variable exists then single word simple
 commands without redirections are treated as candidates for resumption
@@ -8931,7 +9030,7 @@ analogous to the <SAMP>`%'</SAMP> job ID.
 </DL>
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX298"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX302"></A>
 </P><P>
 
 <A NAME="Command Line Editing"></A>
@@ -9205,8 +9304,8 @@ operate on characters while meta keystrokes operate on words.
 <!--docid::SEC100::-->
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX299"></A>
-<A NAME="IDX300"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX303"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX304"></A>
 </P><P>
 
 <EM>Killing</EM> text means to delete the text from the line, but to save
@@ -9226,7 +9325,7 @@ that when you yank it back, you get it all.  The kill
 ring is not line specific; the text that you killed on a previously
 typed line is available to be yanked back later, when you are typing
 another line.
-<A NAME="IDX301"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX305"></A>
 </P><P>
 
 Here is the list of commands for killing text.
@@ -9485,11 +9584,11 @@ A great deal of run-time behavior is changeable with the following
 variables.
 </P><P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX302"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX306"></A>
 <DL COMPACT>
 
 <DT><CODE>bell-style</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX303"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX307"></A>
 Controls what happens when Readline wants to ring the terminal bell.
 If set to <SAMP>`none'</SAMP>, Readline never rings the bell.  If set to
 <SAMP>`visible'</SAMP>, Readline uses a visible bell if one is available.
@@ -9498,14 +9597,14 @@ the terminal's bell.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>bind-tty-special-chars</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX304"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX308"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline attempts to bind the control characters  
 treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their Readline
 equivalents.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>comment-begin</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX305"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX309"></A>
 The string to insert at the beginning of the line when the
 <CODE>insert-comment</CODE> command is executed.  The default value
 is <CODE>"#"</CODE>.
@@ -9518,7 +9617,7 @@ The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX306"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX310"></A>
 The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of possible
 completions that is displayed without modification.  When set to a
 value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than this value are
@@ -9526,7 +9625,7 @@ replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX307"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX311"></A>
 The number of possible completions that determines when the user is
 asked whether the list of possibilities should be displayed.
 If the number of possible completions is greater than this value,
@@ -9538,7 +9637,7 @@ The default limit is <CODE>100</CODE>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>convert-meta</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX308"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX312"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will convert characters with the
 eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth
 bit and prefixing an <KBD>ESC</KBD> character, converting them to a
@@ -9546,35 +9645,48 @@ meta-prefixed key sequence.  The default value is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>disable-completion</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX309"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX313"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`On'</SAMP>, Readline will inhibit word completion.
 Completion  characters will be inserted into the line as if they had
 been mapped to <CODE>self-insert</CODE>.  The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>editing-mode</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX310"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX314"></A>
 The <CODE>editing-mode</CODE> variable controls which default set of
 key bindings is used.  By default, Readline starts up in Emacs editing
 mode, where the keystrokes are most similar to Emacs.  This variable can be
 set to either <SAMP>`emacs'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`vi'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
+<DT><CODE>echo-control-characters</CODE>
+<DD>When set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, on operating systems that indicate they support it,
+readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal generated from the
+keyboard.  The default is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>.
+<P>
+
 <DT><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX311"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX315"></A>
 When set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will try to enable the application
 keypad when it is called.  Some systems need this to enable the
 arrow keys.  The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
+<DT><CODE>enable-meta-key</CODE>
+<DD>When set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will try to enable any meta modifier
+key the terminal claims to support when it is called.  On many terminals,
+the meta key is used to send eight-bit characters.
+The default is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>.
+<P>
+
 <DT><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX312"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX316"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, tilde expansion is performed when Readline
 attempts word completion.  The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX313"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX317"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, the history code attempts to place the point (the
 current cursor position) at the
 same location on each history line retrieved with <CODE>previous-history</CODE>
@@ -9582,13 +9694,13 @@ or <CODE>next-history</CODE>.  The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>history-size</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX314"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX318"></A>
 Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history list.  If
 set to zero, the number of entries in the history list is not limited.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX315"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX319"></A>
 This variable can be set to either <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.  Setting it
 to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> means that the text of the lines being edited will scroll
 horizontally on a single screen line when they are longer than the width
@@ -9597,8 +9709,8 @@ this variable is set to <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>input-meta</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX316"></A>
-<A NAME="IDX317"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX320"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX321"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will enable eight-bit input (it
 will not clear the eighth bit in the characters it reads),
 regardless of what the terminal claims it can support.  The
@@ -9607,7 +9719,7 @@ synonym for this variable.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX318"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX322"></A>
 The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search without
 subsequently executing the character as a command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC102">8.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History</A>).
 If this variable has not been given a value, the characters <KBD>ESC</KBD> and
@@ -9615,7 +9727,7 @@ If this variable has not been given a value, the characters <KBD>ESC</KBD> and
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>keymap</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX319"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX323"></A>
 Sets Readline's idea of the current keymap for key binding commands.
 Acceptable <CODE>keymap</CODE> names are
 <CODE>emacs</CODE>,
@@ -9638,14 +9750,14 @@ appended.  The default is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX320"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX324"></A>
 This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to display an
 asterisk (<SAMP>`*'</SAMP>) at the start of history lines which have been modified.
 This variable is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP> by default.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX321"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX325"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, completed names which are symbolic links
 to directories have a slash appended (subject to the value of
 <CODE>mark-directories</CODE>).
@@ -9653,7 +9765,7 @@ The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX322"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX326"></A>
 This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to match files whose
 names begin with a <SAMP>`.'</SAMP> (hidden files) when performing filename
 completion, unless the leading <SAMP>`.'</SAMP> is
@@ -9662,14 +9774,14 @@ This variable is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by default.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>output-meta</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX323"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX327"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will display characters with the
 eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape
 sequence.  The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>page-completions</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX324"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX328"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline uses an internal <CODE>more</CODE>-like pager
 to display a screenful of possible completions at a time.
 This variable is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by default.
@@ -9682,7 +9794,7 @@ The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX325"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX329"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will undo all changes to history lines
 before returning when <CODE>accept-line</CODE> is executed.  By default,
 history lines may be modified and retain individual undo lists across
@@ -9690,7 +9802,7 @@ calls to <CODE>readline</CODE>.  The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX326"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX330"></A>
 This alters the default behavior of the completion functions.  If
 set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, 
 words which have more than one possible completion cause the
@@ -9699,7 +9811,7 @@ The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
 <DT><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX327"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX331"></A>
 This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
 a fashion similar to <VAR>show-all-if-ambiguous</VAR>.
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, 
@@ -9710,8 +9822,23 @@ of ringing the bell.
 The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
 <P>
 
+<DT><CODE>skip-completed-text</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX332"></A>
+If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, this alters the default completion behavior when
+inserting a single match into the line.  It's only active when
+performing completion in the middle of a word.  If enabled, readline
+does not insert characters from the completion that match characters
+after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word
+following the cursor are not duplicated.
+For instance, if this is enabled, attempting completion when the cursor
+is after the <SAMP>`e'</SAMP> in <SAMP>`Makefile'</SAMP> will result in <SAMP>`Makefile'</SAMP>
+rather than <SAMP>`Makefilefile'</SAMP>, assuming there is a single possible
+completion.
+The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
+<P>
+
 <DT><CODE>visible-stats</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX328"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX333"></A>
 If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, a character denoting a file's type
 is appended to the filename when listing possible
 completions.  The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
@@ -10135,68 +10262,68 @@ The text between the point and mark is referred to as the <EM>region</EM>.
 <H3> 8.4.1 Commands For Moving </H3>
 <!--docid::SEC108::-->
 <DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX329"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX334"></A>
 <DT><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX330"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX335"></A>
 Move to the start of the current line.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX331"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX336"></A>
 <DT><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX332"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX337"></A>
 Move to the end of the line.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX333"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX338"></A>
 <DT><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX334"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX339"></A>
 Move forward a character.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX335"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX340"></A>
 <DT><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX336"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX341"></A>
 Move back a character.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX337"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX342"></A>
 <DT><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX338"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX343"></A>
 Move forward to the end of the next word.
 Words are composed of letters and digits.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX339"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX344"></A>
 <DT><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX340"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX345"></A>
 Move back to the start of the current or previous word.
 Words are composed of letters and digits.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX341"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX346"></A>
 <DT><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX342"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX347"></A>
 Move forward to the end of the next word.
 Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX343"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX348"></A>
 <DT><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX344"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX349"></A>
 Move back to the start of the current or previous word.
 Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX345"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX350"></A>
 <DT><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX346"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX351"></A>
 Clear the screen and redraw the current line,
 leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX347"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX352"></A>
 <DT><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX348"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX353"></A>
 Refresh the current line.  By default, this is unbound.
 <P>
 
@@ -10222,9 +10349,9 @@ Refresh the current line.  By default, this is unbound.
 <P>
 
 <DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX349"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX354"></A>
 <DT><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX350"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX355"></A>
 Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is.
 If this line is
 non-empty, add it to the history list according to the setting of
@@ -10233,81 +10360,81 @@ If this line is a modified history line, then restore the history line
 to its original state.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX351"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX356"></A>
 <DT><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX352"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX357"></A>
 Move `back' through the history list, fetching the previous command.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX353"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX358"></A>
 <DT><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX354"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX359"></A>
 Move `forward' through the history list, fetching the next command.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX355"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX360"></A>
 <DT><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX356"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX361"></A>
 Move to the first line in the history.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX357"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX362"></A>
 <DT><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX358"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX363"></A>
 Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently
 being entered.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX359"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX364"></A>
 <DT><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX360"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX365"></A>
 Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through
 the history as necessary.  This is an incremental search.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX361"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX366"></A>
 <DT><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX362"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX367"></A>
 Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through
 the the history as necessary.  This is an incremental search.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX363"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX368"></A>
 <DT><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX364"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX369"></A>
 Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
 through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
 for a string supplied by the user.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX365"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX370"></A>
 <DT><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX366"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX371"></A>
 Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
 through the the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
 for a string supplied by the user.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX367"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX372"></A>
 <DT><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX368"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX373"></A>
 Search forward through the history for the string of characters
 between the start of the current line and the point.
 This is a non-incremental search.
 By default, this command is unbound.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX369"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX374"></A>
 <DT><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX370"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX375"></A>
 Search backward through the history for the string of characters
 between the start of the current line and the point.  This
 is a non-incremental search.  By default, this command is unbound.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX371"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX376"></A>
 <DT><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX372"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX377"></A>
 Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually
 the second word on the previous line) at point.
 With an argument <VAR>n</VAR>,
@@ -10318,9 +10445,9 @@ Once the argument <VAR>n</VAR> is computed, the argument is extracted
 as if the <SAMP>`!<VAR>n</VAR>'</SAMP> history expansion had been specified.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX373"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX378"></A>
 <DT><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX374"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX379"></A>
 Insert last argument to the previous command (the last word of the
 previous history entry).  With an
 argument, behave exactly like <CODE>yank-nth-arg</CODE>.
@@ -10352,46 +10479,46 @@ as if the <SAMP>`!$'</SAMP> history expansion had been specified.
 <P>
 
 <DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX375"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX380"></A>
 <DT><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX376"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX381"></A>
 Delete the character at point.  If point is at the
 beginning of the line, there are no characters in the line, and
 the last character typed was not bound to <CODE>delete-char</CODE>, then
 return EOF.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX377"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX382"></A>
 <DT><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX378"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX383"></A>
 Delete the character behind the cursor.  A numeric argument means
 to kill the characters instead of deleting them.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX379"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX384"></A>
 <DT><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX380"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX385"></A>
 Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the
 end of the line, in which case the character behind the cursor is
 deleted.  By default, this is not bound to a key.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX381"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX386"></A>
 <DT><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX382"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX387"></A>
 Add the next character typed to the line verbatim.  This is
 how to insert key sequences like <KBD>C-q</KBD>, for example.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX383"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX388"></A>
 <DT><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX384"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX389"></A>
 Insert yourself.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX385"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX390"></A>
 <DT><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX386"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX391"></A>
 Drag the character before the cursor forward over
 the character at the cursor, moving the
 cursor forward as well.  If the insertion point
@@ -10400,39 +10527,39 @@ transposes the last two characters of the line.
 Negative arguments have no effect.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX387"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX392"></A>
 <DT><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX388"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX393"></A>
 Drag the word before point past the word after point,
 moving point past that word as well.
 If the insertion point is at the end of the line, this transposes
 the last two words on the line.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX389"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX394"></A>
 <DT><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX390"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX395"></A>
 Uppercase the current (or following) word.  With a negative argument,
 uppercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX391"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX396"></A>
 <DT><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX392"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX397"></A>
 Lowercase the current (or following) word.  With a negative argument,
 lowercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX393"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX398"></A>
 <DT><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX394"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX399"></A>
 Capitalize the current (or following) word.  With a negative argument,
 capitalize the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX395"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX400"></A>
 <DT><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX396"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX401"></A>
 Toggle overwrite mode.  With an explicit positive numeric argument,
 switches to overwrite mode.  With an explicit non-positive numeric
 argument, switches to insert mode.  This command affects only
@@ -10472,121 +10599,121 @@ By default, this command is unbound.
 
 <DL COMPACT>
 
-<A NAME="IDX397"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX402"></A>
 <DT><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX398"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX403"></A>
 Kill the text from point to the end of the line.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX399"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX404"></A>
 <DT><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX400"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX405"></A>
 Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX401"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX406"></A>
 <DT><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX402"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX407"></A>
 Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX403"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX408"></A>
 <DT><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX404"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX409"></A>
 Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.
 By default, this is unbound.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX405"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX410"></A>
 <DT><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX406"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX411"></A>
 Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
 words, to the end of the next word.
 Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX407"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX412"></A>
 <DT><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX408"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX413"></A>
 Kill the word behind point.
 Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX409"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX414"></A>
 <DT><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX410"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX415"></A>
 Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
 words, to the end of the next word.
 Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>shell-forward-word</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX411"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX416"></A>
 <DT><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX412"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX417"></A>
 Kill the word behind point.
 Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>shell-backward-word</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX413"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX418"></A>
 <DT><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX414"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX419"></A>
 Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word boundary.
 The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX415"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX420"></A>
 <DT><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX416"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX421"></A>
 Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash character
 as the word boundaries.
 The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX417"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX422"></A>
 <DT><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX418"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX423"></A>
 Delete all spaces and tabs around point.  By default, this is unbound.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX419"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX424"></A>
 <DT><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX420"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX425"></A>
 Kill the text in the current region.
 By default, this command is unbound.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX421"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX426"></A>
 <DT><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX422"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX427"></A>
 Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer, so it can be yanked
 right away.  By default, this command is unbound.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX423"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX428"></A>
 <DT><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX424"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX429"></A>
 Copy the word before point to the kill buffer.
 The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>.
 By default, this command is unbound.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX425"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX430"></A>
 <DT><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX426"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX431"></A>
 Copy the word following point to the kill buffer.
 The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>.
 By default, this command is unbound.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX427"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX432"></A>
 <DT><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX428"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX433"></A>
 Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX429"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX434"></A>
 <DT><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX430"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX435"></A>
 Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top.  You can only do this if
 the prior command is <CODE>yank</CODE> or <CODE>yank-pop</CODE>.
 </DL>
@@ -10610,16 +10737,16 @@ the prior command is <CODE>yank</CODE> or <CODE>yank-pop</CODE>.
 <!--docid::SEC112::-->
 <DL COMPACT>
 
-<A NAME="IDX431"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX436"></A>
 <DT><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX432"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX437"></A>
 Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new
 argument.  <KBD>M--</KBD> starts a negative argument.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX433"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX438"></A>
 <DT><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX434"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX439"></A>
 This is another way to specify an argument.
 If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a
 leading minus sign, those digits define the argument.
@@ -10654,9 +10781,9 @@ By default, this is not bound to a key.
 <P>
 
 <DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX435"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX440"></A>
 <DT><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX436"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX441"></A>
 Attempt to perform completion on the text before point.
 The actual completion performed is application-specific.
 Bash attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the
@@ -10666,22 +10793,22 @@ command (including aliases and functions) in turn.  If none
 of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX437"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX442"></A>
 <DT><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX438"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX443"></A>
 List the possible completions of the text before point.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX439"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX444"></A>
 <DT><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX440"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX445"></A>
 Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
 been generated by <CODE>possible-completions</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX441"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX446"></A>
 <DT><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX442"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX447"></A>
 Similar to <CODE>complete</CODE>, but replaces the word to be completed
 with a single match from the list of possible completions.
 Repeated execution of <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> steps through the list
@@ -10696,9 +10823,17 @@ This command is intended to be bound to <KBD>TAB</KBD>, but is unbound
 by default.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX443"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX448"></A>
+<DT><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX449"></A>
+Identical to <CODE>menu-complete</CODE>, but moves backward through the list
+of possible completions, as if <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> had been given a
+negative argument.
+<P>
+
+<A NAME="IDX450"></A>
 <DT><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX444"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX451"></A>
 Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
 end of the line (like <CODE>delete-char</CODE>).
 If at the end of the line, behaves identically to
@@ -10706,64 +10841,64 @@ If at the end of the line, behaves identically to
 This command is unbound by default.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX445"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX452"></A>
 <DT><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX446"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX453"></A>
 Attempt filename completion on the text before point.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX447"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX454"></A>
 <DT><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX448"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX455"></A>
 List the possible completions of the text before point,
 treating it as a filename.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX449"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX456"></A>
 <DT><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX450"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX457"></A>
 Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
 it as a username.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX451"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX458"></A>
 <DT><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX452"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX459"></A>
 List the possible completions of the text before point,
 treating it as a username.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX453"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX460"></A>
 <DT><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX454"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX461"></A>
 Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
 it as a shell variable.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX455"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX462"></A>
 <DT><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX456"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX463"></A>
 List the possible completions of the text before point,
 treating it as a shell variable.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX457"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX464"></A>
 <DT><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX458"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX465"></A>
 Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
 it as a hostname.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX459"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX466"></A>
 <DT><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX460"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX467"></A>
 List the possible completions of the text before point,
 treating it as a hostname.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX461"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX468"></A>
 <DT><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX462"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX469"></A>
 Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
 it as a command name.  Command completion attempts to
 match the text against aliases, reserved words, shell
@@ -10771,32 +10906,32 @@ functions, shell builtins, and finally executable filenames,
 in that order.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX463"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX470"></A>
 <DT><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX464"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX471"></A>
 List the possible completions of the text before point,
 treating it as a command name.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX465"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX472"></A>
 <DT><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX466"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX473"></A>
 Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing
 the text against lines from the history list for possible
 completion matches.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX467"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX474"></A>
 <DT><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX468"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX475"></A>
 Attempt menu completion on the text before point, comparing
 the text against lines from the history list for possible
 completion matches.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX469"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX476"></A>
 <DT><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX470"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX477"></A>
 Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible completions
 enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell
 (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC29">3.5.1 Brace Expansion</A>).
@@ -10823,22 +10958,22 @@ enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell
 <!--docid::SEC114::-->
 <DL COMPACT>
 
-<A NAME="IDX471"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX478"></A>
 <DT><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX472"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX479"></A>
 Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX473"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX480"></A>
 <DT><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX474"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX481"></A>
 Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
 and save the definition.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX475"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX482"></A>
 <DT><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX476"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX483"></A>
 Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters
 in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
 <P>
@@ -10864,87 +10999,99 @@ in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
 <!--docid::SEC115::-->
 <DL COMPACT>
 
-<A NAME="IDX477"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX484"></A>
 <DT><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX478"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX485"></A>
 Read in the contents of the <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file, and incorporate
 any bindings or variable assignments found there.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX479"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX486"></A>
 <DT><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX480"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX487"></A>
 Abort the current editing command and
 ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of
 <CODE>bell-style</CODE>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX481"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX488"></A>
 <DT><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX482"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX489"></A>
 If the metafied character <VAR>x</VAR> is lowercase, run the command
 that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX483"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX490"></A>
 <DT><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX484"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX491"></A>
 Metafy the next character typed.  This is for keyboards
 without a meta key.  Typing <SAMP>`<KBD>ESC</KBD> f'</SAMP> is equivalent to typing
 <KBD>M-f</KBD>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX485"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX492"></A>
 <DT><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX486"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX493"></A>
 Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX487"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX494"></A>
 <DT><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX488"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX495"></A>
 Undo all changes made to this line.  This is like executing the <CODE>undo</CODE>
 command enough times to get back to the beginning.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX489"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX496"></A>
 <DT><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX490"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX497"></A>
 Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX491"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX498"></A>
 <DT><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX492"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX499"></A>
 Set the mark to the point.  If a
 numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX493"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX500"></A>
 <DT><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX494"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX501"></A>
 Swap the point with the mark.  The current cursor position is set to
 the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX495"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX502"></A>
 <DT><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX496"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX503"></A>
 A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that
 character.  A negative count searches for previous occurrences.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX497"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX504"></A>
 <DT><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX498"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX505"></A>
 A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence
 of that character.  A negative count searches for subsequent
 occurrences.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX499"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX506"></A>
+<DT><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX507"></A>
+Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those
+defined for keys like Home and End.  Such sequences begin with a
+Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[.  If this sequence is
+bound to "\e[", keys producing such sequences will have no effect
+unless explicitly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting
+stray characters into the editing buffer.  This is unbound by default,
+but usually bound to ESC-[.
+<P>
+
+<A NAME="IDX508"></A>
 <DT><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX500"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX509"></A>
 Without a numeric argument, the value of the <CODE>comment-begin</CODE>
 variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line.
 If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:  if
@@ -10959,115 +11106,115 @@ If a numeric argument causes the comment character to be removed, the line
 will be executed by the shell.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX501"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX510"></A>
 <DT><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX502"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX511"></A>
 Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the
 Readline output stream.  If a numeric argument is supplied,
 the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
 of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file.  This command is unbound by default.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX503"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX512"></A>
 <DT><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX504"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX513"></A>
 Print all of the settable variables and their values to the
 Readline output stream.  If a numeric argument is supplied,
 the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
 of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file.  This command is unbound by default.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX505"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX514"></A>
 <DT><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX506"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX515"></A>
 Print all of the Readline key sequences bound to macros and the
 strings they output.  If a numeric argument is supplied,
 the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
 of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file.  This command is unbound by default.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX507"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX516"></A>
 <DT><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX508"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX517"></A>
 The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
 with an asterisk implicitly appended.  This pattern is used to
 generate a list of matching file names for possible completions.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX509"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX518"></A>
 <DT><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX510"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX519"></A>
 The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
 and the list of matching file names is inserted, replacing the word.
 If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
 pathname expansion.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX511"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX520"></A>
 <DT><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX512"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX521"></A>
 The list of expansions that would have been generated by
 <CODE>glob-expand-word</CODE> is displayed, and the line is redrawn.
 If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
 pathname expansion.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX513"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX522"></A>
 <DT><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX514"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX523"></A>
 Display version information about the current instance of Bash.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX515"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX524"></A>
 <DT><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX516"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX525"></A>
 Expand the line as the shell does.
 This performs alias and history expansion as well as all of the shell
 word expansions (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC28">3.5 Shell Expansions</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX517"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX526"></A>
 <DT><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX518"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX527"></A>
 Perform history expansion on the current line.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX519"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX528"></A>
 <DT><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX520"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX529"></A>
 Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a space
 (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.3 History Expansion</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX521"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX530"></A>
 <DT><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX522"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX531"></A>
 Perform alias expansion on the current line (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC84">6.6 Aliases</A>).
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX523"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX532"></A>
 <DT><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX524"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX533"></A>
 Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX525"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX534"></A>
 <DT><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX526"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX535"></A>
 A synonym for <CODE>yank-last-arg</CODE>.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX527"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX536"></A>
 <DT><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX528"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX537"></A>
 Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
 relative to the current line from the history for editing.  Any
 argument is ignored.
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX529"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX538"></A>
 <DT><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX530"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX539"></A>
 Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the result as shell
 commands.
 Bash attempts to invoke
@@ -11143,10 +11290,15 @@ the programmable completion facilities are invoked.
 First, the command name is identified.
 If a compspec has been defined for that command, the
 compspec is used to generate the list of possible completions for the word.
+If the command word is the empty string (completion attempted at the
+beginning of an empty line), any compspec defined with
+the <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP> option to <CODE>complete</CODE> is used.
 If the command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full
 pathname is searched for first.
 If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to
 find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+If those searches do not result in a compspec, any compspec defined with
+the <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option to <CODE>complete</CODE> is used as the default.
 </P><P>
 
 Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
@@ -11264,6 +11416,31 @@ the value of the <VAR>mark-directories</VAR> Readline variable, regardless
 of the setting of the <VAR>mark-symlinked-directories</VAR> Readline variable.
 </P><P>
 
+There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.  This is
+most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified
+with <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP>.  It's possible for shell functions executed as completion
+handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an
+exit status of 124.  If a shell function returns 124, and changes
+the compspec associated with the command on which completion is being
+attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is executed),
+programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
+attempt to find a compspec for that command.  This allows a set of
+completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather than
+being loaded all at once.
+</P><P>
+
+For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept in a
+file corresponding to the name of the command, the following default
+completion function would load completions dynamically:
+</P><P>
+
+<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>_completion_loader()
+{
+	. "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" &#62;/dev/null 2&#62;&#38;1 &#38;&#38; return 124
+}
+complete -D -F _completion_loader
+</pre></td></tr></table></P><P>
+
 <A NAME="Programmable Completion Builtins"></A>
 <HR SIZE="6">
 <A NAME="SEC118"></A>
@@ -11288,7 +11465,7 @@ facilities.
 
 <DL COMPACT>
 <DT><CODE>compgen</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX531"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX540"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compgen [<VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>word</VAR>]</CODE>
 </pre></td></tr></table><P>
 
@@ -11314,11 +11491,11 @@ matches were generated.
 </P><P>
 
 <DT><CODE>complete</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX532"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre><CODE>complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o <VAR>comp-option</VAR>] [-E] [-A <VAR>action</VAR>] [-G <VAR>globpat</VAR>] [-W <VAR>wordlist</VAR>]
+<DD><A NAME="IDX541"></A>
+<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre><CODE>complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o <VAR>comp-option</VAR>] [-DE] [-A <VAR>action</VAR>] [-G <VAR>globpat</VAR>] [-W <VAR>wordlist</VAR>]
 [-F <VAR>function</VAR>] [-C <VAR>command</VAR>] [-X <VAR>filterpat</VAR>]
 [-P <VAR>prefix</VAR>] [-S <VAR>suffix</VAR>] <VAR>name</VAR> [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE>
-<CODE>complete -pr [-E] [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE>
+<CODE>complete -pr [-DE] [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE>
 </pre></td></tr></table><P>
 
 Specify how arguments to each <VAR>name</VAR> should be completed.
@@ -11328,13 +11505,17 @@ reused as input.
 The <SAMP>`-r'</SAMP> option removes a completion specification for
 each <VAR>name</VAR>, or, if no <VAR>name</VAR>s are supplied, all
 completion specifications.
+The <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
+apply to the "default" command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
 The <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP> option indicates that the remaining options and actions should
 apply to "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a 
 blank line.
 </P><P>
 
 The process of applying these completion specifications when word completion
-is attempted is described above (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>).
+is attempted is described above (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC117">8.6 Programmable Completion</A>).  The
+<SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option takes precedence over <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP>.
 </P><P>
 
 Other options, if specified, have the following meanings.
@@ -11548,8 +11729,8 @@ an error occurs adding a completion specification.
 </P><P>
 
 <DT><CODE>compopt</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX533"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compopt</CODE> [-o <VAR>option</VAR>] [+o <VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR>]
+<DD><A NAME="IDX542"></A>
+<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compopt</CODE> [-o <VAR>option</VAR>] [-DE] [+o <VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR>]
 </pre></td></tr></table>Modify completion options for each <VAR>name</VAR> according to the
 <VAR>option</VAR>s, or for the currently-execution completion if no <VAR>name</VAR>s
 are supplied.
@@ -11557,8 +11738,17 @@ If no <VAR>option</VAR>s are given, display the completion options for each
 <VAR>name</VAR> or the current completion.
 The possible values of <VAR>option</VAR> are those valid for the <CODE>complete</CODE>
 builtin described above.
+The <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to the "default" command completion; that is, completion attempted
+on a command for which no completion has previously been defined.
+The <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP> option indicates that the remaining options should
+apply to "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a 
+blank line.
 <P>
 
+The <SAMP>`-D'</SAMP> option takes precedence over <SAMP>`-E'</SAMP>.
+</P><P>
+
 The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an attempt
 is made to modify the options for a <VAR>name</VAR> for which no completion
 specification exists, or an output error occurs.
@@ -11567,7 +11757,7 @@ specification exists, or an output error occurs.
 </DL>
 <P>
 
-<A NAME="IDX534"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX543"></A>
 </P><P>
 
 <A NAME="Using History Interactively"></A>
@@ -11712,7 +11902,7 @@ history list and history file.
 <DL COMPACT>
 
 <DT><CODE>fc</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX535"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX544"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre><CODE>fc [-e <VAR>ename</VAR>] [-lnr] [<VAR>first</VAR>] [<VAR>last</VAR>]</CODE>
 <CODE>fc -s [<VAR>pat</VAR>=<VAR>rep</VAR>] [<VAR>command</VAR>]</CODE>
 </pre></td></tr></table><P>
@@ -11746,7 +11936,7 @@ and typing <SAMP>`r'</SAMP> re-executes the last command (see section <A HREF="b
 </P><P>
 
 <DT><CODE>history</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX536"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX545"></A>
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>history [<VAR>n</VAR>]
 history -c
 history -d <VAR>offset</VAR>
@@ -11919,7 +12109,7 @@ writing the history file.
 
 An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
 history list.
-<A NAME="IDX537"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX546"></A>
 </P><P>
 
 <DL COMPACT>
@@ -12736,6 +12926,11 @@ See <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A>, for details of t
 above under <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC37">3.5.8.1 Pattern Matching</A>.
 <P>
 
+<DT><CODE>--enable-extended-glob-default</CODE>
+<DD>Set the default value of the <VAR>extglob</VAR> shell option described
+above under <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC63">4.3.2 The Shopt Builtin</A> to be enabled.
+<P>
+
 <DT><CODE>--enable-help-builtin</CODE>
 <DD>Include the <CODE>help</CODE> builtin, which displays help on shell builtins and
 variables (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A>).
@@ -12862,7 +13057,7 @@ But first, you should
 make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
 version of Bash.
 The latest version of Bash is always available for FTP from
-<A HREF="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/bash/">ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/bash/</A>.
+<A HREF="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/">ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/</A>.
 </P><P>
 
 Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the
@@ -12894,7 +13089,7 @@ the template it provides for filing a bug report.
 </P><P>
 
 Please send all reports concerning this manual to
-<A HREF="mailto:chet@po.CWRU.Edu">chet@po.CWRU.Edu</A>.
+<A HREF="mailto:chet.ramey@case.edu">chet.ramey@case.edu</A>.
 </P><P>
 
 <A NAME="Major Differences From The Bourne Shell"></A>
@@ -13495,12 +13690,12 @@ The SVR4.2 shell behaves differently when invoked as <CODE>jsh</CODE>
 <P>
 
 <center>
- Version 1.2, November 2002
+ Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
 </center>
 </P><P>
 
-<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=display><pre style="font-family: serif">Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA
+<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=display><pre style="font-family: serif">Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+<A HREF="http://fsf.org/">http://fsf.org/</A>
 
 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
@@ -13618,6 +13813,10 @@ the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
 preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
 </P><P>
 
+The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies
+of the Document to the public.
+</P><P>
+
 A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
 text that translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ stands for a
@@ -13931,13 +14130,33 @@ title.
 TERMINATION
 <P>
 
-You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
-as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other attempt to
-copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
-automatically terminate your rights under this License.  However,
-parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
-License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
-parties remain in full compliance.
+You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
+except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
+otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and
+will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
+</P><P>
+
+However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
+from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
+unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
+terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
+fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
+60 days after the cessation.
+</P><P>
+
+Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
+reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
+violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
+received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
+copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
+your receipt of the notice.
+</P><P>
+
+Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
+licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
+this License.  If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
+reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does
+not give you any rights to use it.
 </P><P>
 
 <LI>
@@ -13958,7 +14177,49 @@ following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
 Free Software Foundation.  If the Document does not specify a version
 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
-as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
+as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.  If the Document
+specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this
+License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
+version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the
+Document.
+</P><P>
+
+<LI>
+RELICENSING
+<P>
+
+"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any
+World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
+provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works.  A
+public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server.  A
+"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the
+site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC
+site.
+</P><P>
+
+"CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
+license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
+corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
+California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
+published by that same organization.
+</P><P>
+
+"Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or
+in part, as part of another Document.
+</P><P>
+
+An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this
+License, and if all works that were first published under this License
+somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole
+or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections,
+and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
+</P><P>
+
+The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
+under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
+provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
+</P><P>
+
 </OL>
 <P>
 
@@ -13974,7 +14235,7 @@ license notices just after the title page:
 
 <TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=smallexample><FONT SIZE=-1><pre>  Copyright (C)  <VAR>year</VAR>  <VAR>your name</VAR>.
   Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-  under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+  under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
   or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
   with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
   Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
@@ -14106,7 +14367,7 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX89"><CODE>alias</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX289"><CODE>bg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX293"><CODE>bg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX90"><CODE>bind</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX70"><CODE>break</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX91"><CODE>builtin</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
@@ -14115,15 +14376,15 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX92"><CODE>caller</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX71"><CODE>cd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX93"><CODE>command</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX531"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX532"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX533"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX540"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX541"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX542"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX72"><CODE>continue</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX94"><CODE>declare</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX286"><CODE>dirs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX294"><CODE>disown</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX290"><CODE>dirs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX298"><CODE>disown</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX95"><CODE>echo</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
@@ -14134,8 +14395,8 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX76"><CODE>export</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX535"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX290"><CODE>fg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX544"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX294"><CODE>fg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX77"><CODE>getopts</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
@@ -14143,13 +14404,13 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX78"><CODE>hash</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX97"><CODE>help</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX536"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX545"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_J"></A>J</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX291"><CODE>jobs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX295"><CODE>jobs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX292"><CODE>kill</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX296"><CODE>kill</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_L"></A>L</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX98"><CODE>let</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
@@ -14160,9 +14421,9 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX101"><CODE>mapfile</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX287"><CODE>popd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX291"><CODE>popd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX102"><CODE>printf</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX288"><CODE>pushd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX292"><CODE>pushd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC87">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX79"><CODE>pwd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
@@ -14176,7 +14437,7 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX82"><CODE>shift</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX111"><CODE>shopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC63">4.3.2 The Shopt Builtin</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX105"><CODE>source</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX295"><CODE>suspend</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX299"><CODE>suspend</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX83"><CODE>test</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
@@ -14192,7 +14453,7 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX88"><CODE>unset</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC59">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="bt_W"></A>W</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX293"><CODE>wait</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX297"><CODE>wait</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC93">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 </TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: &nbsp; </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#bt_." style="text-decoration:none"><b>.</b></A>
  &nbsp; 
@@ -14482,245 +14743,250 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX63"><CODE>_</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC27">3.4.2 Special Parameters</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX296"><CODE>auto_resume</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX297"><CODE>auto_resume</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX300"><CODE>auto_resume</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX301"><CODE>auto_resume</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX132"><CODE>BASH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX133"><CODE>BASH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX136"><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX137"><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX138"><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX139"><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX140"><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX141"><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX142"><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX143"><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX144"><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX145"><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX146"><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX147"><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX148"><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX149"><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX150"><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX151"><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX152"><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX153"><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX154"><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX155"><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX156"><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX157"><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX158"><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX159"><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX160"><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX161"><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX134"><CODE>BASHPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX135"><CODE>BASHPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX303"><CODE>bell-style</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX304"><CODE>bind-tty-special-chars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX138"><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX139"><CODE>BASH_ALIASES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX140"><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX141"><CODE>BASH_ARGC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX142"><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX143"><CODE>BASH_ARGV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX144"><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX145"><CODE>BASH_CMDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX146"><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX147"><CODE>BASH_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX148"><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX149"><CODE>BASH_ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX150"><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX151"><CODE>BASH_EXECUTION_STRING</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX152"><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX153"><CODE>BASH_LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX154"><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX155"><CODE>BASH_REMATCH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX156"><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX157"><CODE>BASH_SOURCE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX158"><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX159"><CODE>BASH_SUBSHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX160"><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX161"><CODE>BASH_VERSINFO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX162"><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX163"><CODE>BASH_VERSION</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX164"><CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX165"><CODE>BASH_XTRACEFD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX134"><CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX135"><CODE>BASHOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX136"><CODE>BASHPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX137"><CODE>BASHPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX307"><CODE>bell-style</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX308"><CODE>bind-tty-special-chars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX112"><CODE>CDPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX113"><CODE>CDPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX162"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX163"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX305"><CODE>comment-begin</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX164"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX165"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX172"><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX173"><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX166"><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX167"><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX168"><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX169"><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX170"><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX171"><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX174"><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX175"><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX176"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX177"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX306"><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX307"><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX178"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX179"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX308"><CODE>convert-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX166"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX167"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX309"><CODE>comment-begin</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX168"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX169"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX176"><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX177"><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX170"><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX171"><CODE>COMP_LINE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX172"><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX173"><CODE>COMP_POINT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX174"><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX175"><CODE>COMP_TYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX178"><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX179"><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX180"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX181"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX310"><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX311"><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX182"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX183"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX312"><CODE>convert-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX180"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX181"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX309"><CODE>disable-completion</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX184"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX185"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX313"><CODE>disable-completion</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX310"><CODE>editing-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX182"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX183"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX311"><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX184"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX185"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX312"><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX314"><CODE>editing-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX186"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX187"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX315"><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX188"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX189"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX316"><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX186"><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX187"><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX188"><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX189"><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX190"><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX191"><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX190"><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX191"><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX192"><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX193"><CODE>FIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX194"><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX195"><CODE>FUNCNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX192"><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX193"><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX194"><CODE>GROUPS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX195"><CODE>GROUPS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX196"><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX197"><CODE>GLOBIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX198"><CODE>GROUPS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX199"><CODE>GROUPS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX196"><CODE>histchars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX197"><CODE>histchars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX198"><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX199"><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX200"><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX201"><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX202"><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX203"><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX204"><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX205"><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX206"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX207"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX313"><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX314"><CODE>history-size</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX208"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX209"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX210"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX211"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX200"><CODE>histchars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX201"><CODE>histchars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX202"><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX203"><CODE>HISTCMD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX204"><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX205"><CODE>HISTCONTROL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX206"><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX207"><CODE>HISTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX208"><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX209"><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX210"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX211"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX317"><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX318"><CODE>history-size</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX212"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX213"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX214"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX215"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX114"><CODE>HOME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX115"><CODE>HOME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX315"><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX212"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX213"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX214"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX215"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX216"><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX217"><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX319"><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX216"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX217"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX218"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX219"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX220"><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX221"><CODE>HOSTTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX116"><CODE>IFS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX117"><CODE>IFS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX218"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX219"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX316"><CODE>input-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX220"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX221"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX318"><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX222"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX223"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX320"><CODE>input-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX224"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX225"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX322"><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX319"><CODE>keymap</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX323"><CODE>keymap</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_L"></A>L</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX222"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX223"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX224"><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX225"><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX226"><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX227"><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX228"><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX229"><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX226"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX227"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX228"><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX229"><CODE>LC_ALL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX230"><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX231"><CODE>LC_COLLATE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX232"><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX233"><CODE>LC_CTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX21"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX230"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX231"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX232"><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX233"><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX234"><CODE>LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX235"><CODE>LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX236"><CODE>LINES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX237"><CODE>LINES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX234"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX235"><CODE>LC_MESSAGES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX236"><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX237"><CODE>LC_NUMERIC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX238"><CODE>LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX239"><CODE>LINENO</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX240"><CODE>LINES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX241"><CODE>LINES</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX238"><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX239"><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX242"><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX243"><CODE>MACHTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX118"><CODE>MAIL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX119"><CODE>MAIL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX240"><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX241"><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX244"><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX245"><CODE>MAILCHECK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX120"><CODE>MAILPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX121"><CODE>MAILPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX320"><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX321"><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX322"><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX317"><CODE>meta-flag</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX324"><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX325"><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX326"><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX321"><CODE>meta-flag</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX242"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX243"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX246"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX247"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX122"><CODE>OPTARG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX123"><CODE>OPTARG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX244"><CODE>OPTERR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX245"><CODE>OPTERR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX248"><CODE>OPTERR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX249"><CODE>OPTERR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX124"><CODE>OPTIND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX125"><CODE>OPTIND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX246"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX247"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX323"><CODE>output-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX250"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX251"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX327"><CODE>output-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX324"><CODE>page-completions</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX328"><CODE>page-completions</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX126"><CODE>PATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX127"><CODE>PATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX248"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX249"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX250"><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX251"><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX252"><CODE>PPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX253"><CODE>PPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX254"><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX255"><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX256"><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX257"><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX252"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX253"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX254"><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX255"><CODE>POSIXLY_CORRECT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX256"><CODE>PPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX257"><CODE>PPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX258"><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX259"><CODE>PROMPT_COMMAND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX260"><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX261"><CODE>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX128"><CODE>PS1</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX129"><CODE>PS1</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX130"><CODE>PS2</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX131"><CODE>PS2</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC66">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX258"><CODE>PS3</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX259"><CODE>PS3</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX260"><CODE>PS4</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX261"><CODE>PS4</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX262"><CODE>PWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX263"><CODE>PWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX262"><CODE>PS3</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX263"><CODE>PS3</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX264"><CODE>PS4</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX265"><CODE>PS4</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX266"><CODE>PWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX267"><CODE>PWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX264"><CODE>RANDOM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX265"><CODE>RANDOM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX266"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX267"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX325"><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX268"><CODE>RANDOM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX269"><CODE>RANDOM</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX270"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX271"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX329"><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX268"><CODE>SECONDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX269"><CODE>SECONDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX270"><CODE>SHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX271"><CODE>SHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX272"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX273"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX274"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX275"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX326"><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX327"><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX272"><CODE>SECONDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX273"><CODE>SECONDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX274"><CODE>SHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX275"><CODE>SHELL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX276"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX277"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX278"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX279"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX330"><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX331"><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX332"><CODE>skip-completed-text</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX22"><CODE>TEXTDOMAIN</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX23"><CODE>TEXTDOMAINDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX276"><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX277"><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX278"><CODE>TMOUT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX279"><CODE>TMOUT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX280"><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX281"><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX280"><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX281"><CODE>TIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX282"><CODE>TMOUT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX283"><CODE>TMOUT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX284"><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX285"><CODE>TMPDIR</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_U"></A>U</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX282"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX283"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX286"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX287"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="vr_V"></A>V</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX328"><CODE>visible-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX333"><CODE>visible-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 </TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: &nbsp; </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#vr_!" style="text-decoration:none"><b>!</b></A>
  &nbsp; 
@@ -14842,246 +15108,250 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TH ALIGN=LEFT>Index Entry</TH><TH ALIGN=LEFT> Section</TH></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX479"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX480"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX349"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX350"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX521"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX522"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX486"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX487"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX354"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX355"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX530"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX531"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX335"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX336"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX377"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX378"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX399"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX400"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX411"><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX412"><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX407"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX408"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX339"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX340"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX355"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#38;#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX356"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#38;#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX329"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX330"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX340"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX341"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX382"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX383"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX404"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX405"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX416"><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX417"><CODE>backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX412"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX413"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX344"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX345"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX360"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#38;#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX361"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#38;#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX334"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX335"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX475"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX476"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX393"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX394"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX495"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX496"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX497"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX498"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX345"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX346"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX435"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX436"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX461"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX462"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX445"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX446"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX457"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX458"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX469"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX470"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX449"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX450"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX453"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX454"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX423"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX424"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX425"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX426"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX421"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX422"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX482"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX483"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX398"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX399"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX502"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX503"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX504"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX505"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX350"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX351"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX440"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX441"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX468"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX469"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX452"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX453"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX464"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX465"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX476"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX477"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX456"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX457"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX460"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX461"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX428"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX429"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX430"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX431"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX426"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX427"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX467"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX468"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX375"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX376"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX443"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX444"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX417"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX418"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX431"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62; <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX432"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62; <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX513"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX514"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX481"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX482"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX391"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX392"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX501"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX502"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX505"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX506"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX503"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX504"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX465"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX466"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX474"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX475"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX380"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX381"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX450"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX451"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX422"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX423"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX436"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62; <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX437"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62; <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX522"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX523"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX488"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX489"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX396"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX397"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX510"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX511"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX514"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX515"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX512"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX513"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX472"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX473"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX529"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX530"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX473"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX474"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX357"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#38;#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX358"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#38;#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX331"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX332"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX493"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX494"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX538"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX539"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX480"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX481"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX362"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#38;#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX363"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#38;#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX336"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX337"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX500"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX501"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX379"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX380"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX333"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX334"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX361"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX362"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX337"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX338"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX384"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX385"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX338"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX339"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX366"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX367"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX342"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX343"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX507"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX508"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX509"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX510"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX511"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX512"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX516"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX517"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX518"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX519"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX520"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX521"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX523"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX524"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX517"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX518"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX369"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX370"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX367"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX368"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX532"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX533"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX526"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX527"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX374"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX375"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX372"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX373"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX499"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX500"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX439"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX440"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX525"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX526"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX508"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX509"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX444"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX445"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX534"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX535"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX397"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX398"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX419"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX420"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX403"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX404"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX405"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX406"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX402"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX403"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX424"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX425"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX408"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX409"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX410"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX411"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX519"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX520"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX441"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX442"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX528"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX529"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX446"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX447"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX448"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX449"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_N"></A>N</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX353"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX354"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX365"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX366"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX363"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX364"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX358"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX359"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX370"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX371"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX368"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX369"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX527"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX528"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX395"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX396"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX536"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX537"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX400"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX401"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX463"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX464"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX437"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX438"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX447"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX448"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX459"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX460"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX451"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX452"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX455"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX456"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX483"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX484"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX351"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX352"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX470"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX471"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX442"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX443"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX454"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX455"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX466"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX467"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX458"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX459"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX462"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX463"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX490"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX491"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX356"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX357"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Q"></A>Q</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX381"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX382"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX386"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX387"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX477"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX478"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX347"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX348"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX359"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX360"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX487"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX488"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX484"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX485"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX352"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX353"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX364"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX365"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX494"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX495"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX383"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX384"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX491"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX492"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX343"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX344"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX515"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX516"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX341"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX342"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX409"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX410"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX471"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX472"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX388"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX389"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, &#60;small&#62;...&#60;/small&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX498"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX499"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX348"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX349"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX524"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX525"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX346"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX347"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC108">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX414"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX415"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX506"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX507"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX478"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX479"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX489"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX490"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX385"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX386"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX387"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX388"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX496"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX497"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX390"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX391"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX392"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX393"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_U"></A>U</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX485"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX486"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX433"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX434"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX415"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX416"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX401"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX402"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX413"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX414"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX389"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX390"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX492"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX493"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX438"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX439"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX420"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX421"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX406"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX407"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX418"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX419"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX394"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX395"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Y"></A>Y</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX427"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX428"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX373"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX374"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX371"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX372"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX429"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX430"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX432"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX433"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX378"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX379"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX376"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX377"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX434"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX435"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 </TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: &nbsp; </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#fn_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A>
  &nbsp; 
@@ -15256,17 +15526,17 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">history builtins</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC121">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX537">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX546">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">history expansion</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.3 History Expansion</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">history list</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">9.1 Bash History Facilities</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX534">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX543">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC118">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX11">identifier</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC103">initialization file, readline</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC103">8.3 Readline Init File</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC127">installation</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC127">10.1 Basic Installation</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC97">interaction, readline</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC97">8.2 Readline Interaction</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX285">interactive shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC69">6.1 Invoking Bash</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX289">interactive shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC69">6.1 Invoking Bash</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC78">interactive shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC78">6.3 Interactive Shells</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">internationalization</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
@@ -15276,12 +15546,12 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC92">job control</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC92">7.1 Job Control Basics</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX301">kill ring</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX299">killing text</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX305">kill ring</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX303">killing text</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_L"></A>L</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">localization</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX284">login shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC69">6.1 Invoking Bash</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX288">login shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC69">6.1 Invoking Bash</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC37">matching, pattern</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC37">3.5.8.1 Pattern Matching</A></TD></TR>
@@ -15316,7 +15586,7 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC12">quoting, ANSI</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC12">3.1.2.4 ANSI-C Quoting</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX298">Readline, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX302">Readline, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.3 Job Control Variables</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC39">redirection</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC39">3.6 Redirections</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX15">reserved word</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC89">restricted shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC89">6.10 The Restricted Shell</A></TD></TR>
@@ -15342,14 +15612,14 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_V"></A>V</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC25">variable, shell</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC25">3.4 Shell Parameters</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX302">variables, readline</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX306">variables, readline</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC104">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_W"></A>W</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX20">word</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC35">word splitting</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC35">3.5.7 Word Splitting</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 <TR><TH><A NAME="cp_Y"></A>Y</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX300">yanking text</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX304">yanking text</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC100">8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD></TR>
 <TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
 </TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: &nbsp; </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#cp_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A>
  &nbsp; 
@@ -15785,7 +16055,7 @@ to permit their use in free software.
 <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="bashref.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
 </TR></TABLE>
 <H1>About this document</H1>
-This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>February, 5  2009</I>
+This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>December, 29  2009</I>
 using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
 "><I>texi2html</I></A>
 <P></P>  
@@ -15947,7 +16217,7 @@ the following structure:
 <BR>  
 <FONT SIZE="-1">
 This document was generated
-by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>February, 5  2009</I>
+by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>December, 29  2009</I>
 using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
 "><I>texi2html</I></A>
 
diff --git a/doc/bashref.info b/doc/bashref.info
index 44e8d9b5..189e58bc 100644
--- a/doc/bashref.info
+++ b/doc/bashref.info
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from
 /Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
 
 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.0, 29 December 2008).
+the Bash shell (version 4.1, 23 December 2009).
 
-   This is Edition 4.0, last updated 29 December 2008, of `The GNU Bash
-Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.0.
+   This is Edition 4.1, last updated 23 December 2009, of `The GNU Bash
+Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.1.
 
    Copyright (C) 1988-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ preserved on all copies.
 
      Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
      document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
-     Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software
+     Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software
      Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts
      being "A GNU Manual", and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a)
      below.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ Bash Features
 *************
 
 This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.0, 29 December 2008).
+the Bash shell (version 4.1, 23 December 2009).
 
-   This is Edition 4.0, last updated 29 December 2008, of `The GNU Bash
-Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.0.
+   This is Edition 4.1, last updated 23 December 2009, of `The GNU Bash
+Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.1.
 
    Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
 features that only appear in Bash.  Some of the shells that Bash has
@@ -442,6 +442,7 @@ decoded as follows:
      backspace
 
 `\e'
+`\E'
      an escape character (not ANSI C)
 
 `\f'
@@ -465,6 +466,9 @@ decoded as follows:
 `\''
      single quote
 
+`\"'
+     double quote
+
 `\NNN'
      the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value NNN (one to
      three digits)
@@ -699,7 +703,7 @@ syntax, it may be replaced with one or more newlines.
 `for'
      The syntax of the `for' command is:
 
-          for NAME [in WORDS ...]; do COMMANDS; done
+          for NAME [ [in [WORDS ...] ] ; ] do COMMANDS; done
      Expand WORDS, and execute COMMANDS once for each member in the
      resultant list, with NAME bound to the current member.  If `in
      WORDS' is not present, the `for' command executes the COMMANDS
@@ -767,7 +771,7 @@ File: bashref.info,  Node: Conditional Constructs,  Next: Command Grouping,  Pre
      A list of patterns and an associated command-list is known as a
      CLAUSE.
 
-     Each clause must be terminated with `;;', `,&', or `;;&'.  The
+     Each clause must be terminated with `;;', `;&', or `;;&'.  The
      WORD undergoes tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command
      substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal before
      matching is attempted.  Each PATTERN undergoes tilde expansion,
@@ -855,6 +859,9 @@ File: bashref.info,  Node: Conditional Constructs,  Next: Command Grouping,  Pre
      performed.  Conditional operators such as `-f' must be unquoted to
      be recognized as primaries.
 
+     When used with `[[', The `<' and `>' operators sort
+     lexicographically using the current locale.
+
      When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right
      of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according to
      the rules described below in *note Pattern Matching::.  If the
@@ -1024,13 +1031,17 @@ Parameters::).  The special parameter `#' that expands to the number of
 positional parameters is updated to reflect the change.  Special
 parameter `0' is unchanged.  The first element of the `FUNCNAME'
 variable is set to the name of the function while the function is
-executing.  All other aspects of the shell execution environment are
-identical between a function and its caller with the exception that the
-`DEBUG' and `RETURN' traps are not inherited unless the function has
-been given the `trace' attribute using the `declare' builtin or the `-o
-functrace' option has been enabled with the `set' builtin, (in which
-case all functions inherit the `DEBUG' and `RETURN' traps).  *Note
-Bourne Shell Builtins::, for the description of the `trap' builtin.
+executing.
+
+   All other aspects of the shell execution environment are identical
+between a function and its caller with these exceptions: the `DEBUG'
+and `RETURN' traps are not inherited unless the function has been given
+the `trace' attribute using the `declare' builtin or the `-o functrace'
+option has been enabled with the `set' builtin, (in which case all
+functions inherit the `DEBUG' and `RETURN' traps), and the `ERR' trap
+is not inherited unless the `-o errtrace' shell option has been enabled.
+*Note Bourne Shell Builtins::, for the description of the `trap'
+builtin.
 
    If the builtin command `return' is executed in a function, the
 function completes and execution resumes with the next command after
@@ -1271,7 +1282,7 @@ are not sorted; left to right order is preserved.  For example,
      bash$ echo a{d,c,b}e
      ade ace abe
 
-   A sequence expression takes the form `{X..Y[INCR]}', where X and Y
+   A sequence expression takes the form `{X..Y[..INCR]}', where X and Y
 are either integers or single characters, and INCR, an optional
 increment, is an integer.  When integers are supplied, the expression
 expands to each number between X and Y, inclusive.  Supplied integers
@@ -1394,12 +1405,12 @@ positional parameter with more than one digit, or when PARAMETER is
 followed by a character that is not to be interpreted as part of its
 name.
 
-   If the first character of PARAMETER is an exclamation point, a level
-of variable indirection is introduced.  Bash uses the value of the
-variable formed from the rest of PARAMETER as the name of the variable;
-this variable is then expanded and that value is used in the rest of
-the substitution, rather than the value of PARAMETER itself.  This is
-known as `indirect expansion'.  The exceptions to this are the
+   If the first character of PARAMETER is an exclamation point (!), a
+level of variable indirection is introduced.  Bash uses the value of
+the variable formed from the rest of PARAMETER as the name of the
+variable; this variable is then expanded and that value is used in the
+rest of the substitution, rather than the value of PARAMETER itself.
+This is known as `indirect expansion'.  The exceptions to this are the
 expansions of ${!PREFIX*} and ${!NAME[@]} described below.  The
 exclamation point must immediately follow the left brace in order to
 introduce indirection.
@@ -1533,7 +1544,7 @@ omitted, the operator tests only for existence.
 `${PARAMETER,,PATTERN}'
      This expansion modifies the case of alphabetic characters in
      PARAMETER.  The PATTERN is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
-     pathname expansion.  The `^' operator converts lowercase letters
+     filename expansion.  The `^' operator converts lowercase letters
      matching PATTERN to uppercase; the `,' operator converts matching
      uppercase letters to lowercase.  The `^^' and `,,' expansions
      convert each matched character in the expanded value; the `^' and
@@ -1679,7 +1690,7 @@ found, an error message is printed and the command is not executed.  If
 the shell option `nocaseglob' is enabled, the match is performed
 without regard to the case of alphabetic characters.
 
-   When a pattern is used for filename generation, the character `.' at
+   When a pattern is used for filename expansion, the character `.' at
 the start of a filename or immediately following a slash must be
 matched explicitly, unless the shell option `dotglob' is set.  When
 matching a file name, the slash character must always be matched
@@ -1807,6 +1818,13 @@ environment.  The following redirection operators may precede or appear
 anywhere within a simple command or may follow a command.  Redirections
 are processed in the order they appear, from left to right.
 
+   Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number
+may instead be preceded by a word of the form {VARNAME}.  In this case,
+for each redirection operator except >&- and <&-, the shell will
+allocate a file descriptor greater than 10 and assign it to {VARNAME}.
+If >&- or <&- is preceded by {VARNAME}, the value of VARNAME defines
+the file descriptor to close.
+
    In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is
 omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is `<',
 the redirection refers to the standard input (file descriptor 0).  If
@@ -1826,8 +1844,8 @@ the command
 (file descriptor 2) to the file DIRLIST, while the command
      ls 2>&1 > DIRLIST
    directs only the standard output to file DIRLIST, because the
-standard error was duplicated as standard output before the standard
-output was redirected to DIRLIST.
+standard error was made a copy of the standard output before the
+standard output was redirected to DIRLIST.
 
    Bash handles several filenames specially when they are used in
 redirections, as described in the following table:
@@ -2399,8 +2417,13 @@ Completion Builtins::).
 
    Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented as accepting
 options preceded by `-' accepts `--' to signify the end of the options.
-For example, the `:', `true', `false', and `test' builtins do not
-accept options.
+The `:', `true', `false', and `test' builtins do not accept options and
+do not treat `--' specially.  The `exit', `logout', `break',
+`continue', `let', and `shift' builtins accept and process arguments
+beginning with `-' without requiring `--'.  Other builtins that accept
+arguments but are not specified as accepting options interpret
+arguments beginning with `-' as invalid options and require `--' to
+prevent this interpretation.
 
 
 File: bashref.info,  Node: Bourne Shell Builtins,  Next: Bash Builtins,  Up: Shell Builtin Commands
@@ -2702,28 +2725,33 @@ standard.
      shell input.  The `-l' option causes the shell to print a list of
      signal names and their corresponding numbers.  Each SIGSPEC is
      either a signal name or a signal number.  Signal names are case
-     insensitive and the `SIG' prefix is optional.  If a SIGSPEC is `0'
-     or `EXIT', ARG is executed when the shell exits.  If a SIGSPEC is
-     `DEBUG', the command ARG is executed before every simple command,
-     `for' command, `case' command, `select' command, every arithmetic
-     `for' command, and before the first command executes in a shell
-     function.  Refer to the description of the `extglob' option to the
-     `shopt' builtin (*note The Shopt Builtin::) for details of its
-     effect on the `DEBUG' trap.  If a SIGSPEC is `ERR', the command ARG
-     is executed whenever a simple command has a non-zero exit status,
-     subject to the following conditions.  The `ERR' trap is not
-     executed if the failed command is part of the command list
-     immediately following an `until' or `while' keyword, part of the
-     test in an `if' statement, part of a command executed in a `&&' or
+     insensitive and the `SIG' prefix is optional.
+
+     If a SIGSPEC is `0' or `EXIT', ARG is executed when the shell
+     exits.  If a SIGSPEC is `DEBUG', the command ARG is executed
+     before every simple command, `for' command, `case' command,
+     `select' command, every arithmetic `for' command, and before the
+     first command executes in a shell function.  Refer to the
+     description of the `extdebug' option to the `shopt' builtin (*note
+     The Shopt Builtin::) for details of its effect on the `DEBUG' trap.
+     If a SIGSPEC is `RETURN', the command ARG is executed each time a
+     shell function or a script executed with the `.' or `source'
+     builtins finishes executing.
+
+     If a SIGSPEC is `ERR', the command ARG is executed whenever a
+     simple command has a non-zero exit status, subject to the
+     following conditions.  The `ERR' trap is not executed if the
+     failed command is part of the command list immediately following
+     an `until' or `while' keyword, part of the test following the `if'
+     or `elif' reserved words, part of a command executed in a `&&' or
      `||' list, or if the command's return status is being inverted
      using `!'.  These are the same conditions obeyed by the `errexit'
-     option.  If a SIGSPEC is `RETURN', the command ARG is executed
-     each time a shell function or a script executed with the `.' or
-     `source' builtins finishes executing.
+     option.
 
      Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
      Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their
-     original values in a child process when it is created.
+     original values in a subshell or subshell environment when one is
+     created.
 
      The return status is zero unless a SIGSPEC does not specify a
      valid signal.
@@ -3098,10 +3126,10 @@ POSIX standard.
 `mapfile'
           mapfile [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD] [
           -C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY]
-     Read lines from the standard input into array variable ARRAY, or
-     from file descriptor FD if the `-u' option is supplied.  The
-     variable `MAPFILE' is the default ARRAY.  Options, if supplied,
-     have the following meanings:
+     Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
+     ARRAY, or from file descriptor FD if the `-u' option is supplied.
+     The variable `MAPFILE' is the default ARRAY.  Options, if
+     supplied, have the following meanings:
     `-n'
           Copy at most COUNT lines.  If COUNT is 0, all lines are
           copied.
@@ -3114,7 +3142,7 @@ POSIX standard.
           Discard the first COUNT lines read.
 
     `-t'
-          Remove a trailing line from each line read.
+          Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
 
     `-u'
           Read lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard
@@ -3138,7 +3166,8 @@ POSIX standard.
      before assigning to it.
 
      `mapfile' returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
-     argument is supplied, or ARRAY is invalid or unassignable.
+     argument is supplied, ARRAY is invalid or unassignable, or ARRAY
+     is not an indexed array.
 
 `printf'
           printf [-v VAR] FORMAT [ARGUMENTS]
@@ -3166,7 +3195,7 @@ POSIX standard.
      success, non-zero on failure.
 
 `read'
-          read [-ers] [-a ANAME] [-d DELIM] [-i TEXT] [-n NCHARS] [-p PROMPT] [-t TIMEOUT] [-u FD] [NAME ...]
+          read [-ers] [-a ANAME] [-d DELIM] [-i TEXT] [-n NCHARS] [-N NCHARS] [-p PROMPT] [-t TIMEOUT] [-u FD] [NAME ...]
      One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
      descriptor FD supplied as an argument to the `-u' option, and the
      first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second word to the
@@ -3205,7 +3234,15 @@ POSIX standard.
 
     `-n NCHARS'
           `read' returns after reading NCHARS characters rather than
-          waiting for a complete line of input.
+          waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter
+          if fewer than NCHARS characters are read before the delimiter.
+
+    `-N NCHARS'
+          `read' returns after reading exactly NCHARS characters rather
+          than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is
+          encountered or `read' times out.  Delimiter characters
+          encountered in the input are not treated specially and do not
+          cause `read' to return until NCHARS characters are read.
 
     `-p PROMPT'
           Display PROMPT, without a trailing newline, before attempting
@@ -3240,8 +3277,8 @@ POSIX standard.
 `readarray'
           readarray [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD] [
           -C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY]
-     Read lines from the standard input into array variable ARRAY, or
-     from file descriptor FD if the `-u' option is supplied.
+     Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
+     ARRAY, or from file descriptor FD if the `-u' option is supplied.
 
      A synonym for `mapfile'.
 
@@ -3323,10 +3360,12 @@ POSIX standard.
           The maximum size that may be locked into memory.
 
     `-m'
-          The maximum resident set size.
+          The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this
+          limit).
 
     `-n'
-          The maximum number of open file descriptors.
+          The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do
+          not allow this value to be set).
 
     `-p'
           The pipe buffer size.
@@ -3425,20 +3464,27 @@ parameters, or to display the names and values of shell variables.
           prompt.
 
     `-e'
-          Exit immediately if a simple command (*note Simple
-          Commands::) exits with a non-zero status, unless the command
-          that fails is part of the command list immediately following
-          a `while' or `until' keyword, part of the test in an `if'
-          statement, part of a command executed in a `&&' or `||b' list,
+          Exit immediately if a pipeline (*note Pipelines::), which may
+          consist of a single simple command (*note Simple Commands::),
+          a subshell command enclosed in parentheses (*note Command
+          Grouping::), or one of the commands executed as part of a
+          command list enclosed by braces (*note Command Grouping::)
+          returns a non-zero status.  The shell does not exit if the
+          command that fails is part of the command list immediately
+          following a `while' or `until' keyword, part of the test in
+          an `if' statement, part of any command executed in a `&&' or
+          `||' list except the command following the final `&&' or `||',
           any command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
-          return status is being inverted using `!'.  Failing simple
-          commands that are part of shell functions or command lists
-          enclosed in braces or parentheses satisfying the above
-          conditions do not cause the shell to exit.  A trap on `ERR',
+          return status is being inverted with `!'.  A trap on `ERR',
           if set, is executed before the shell exits.
 
+          This option applies to the shell environment and each
+          subshell environment separately (*note Command Execution
+          Environment::), and may cause subshells to exit before
+          executing all the commands in the subshell.
+
     `-f'
-          Disable file name generation (globbing).
+          Disable filename expansion (globbing).
 
     `-h'
           Locate and remember (hash) commands as they are looked up for
@@ -3552,22 +3598,23 @@ parameters, or to display the names and values of shell variables.
     `-p'
           Turn on privileged mode.  In this mode, the `$BASH_ENV' and
           `$ENV' files are not processed, shell functions are not
-          inherited from the environment, and the `SHELLOPTS', `CDPATH'
-          and `GLOBIGNORE'  variables, if they appear in the
-          environment, are ignored.  If the shell is started with the
-          effective user (group) id not equal to the real user (group)
-          id, and the `-p' option is not supplied, these actions are
-          taken and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
-          If the `-p' option is supplied at startup, the effective user
-          id is not reset.  Turning this option off causes the
-          effective user and group ids to be set to the real user and
-          group ids.
+          inherited from the environment, and the `SHELLOPTS',
+          `BASHOPTS', `CDPATH' and `GLOBIGNORE' variables, if they
+          appear in the environment, are ignored.  If the shell is
+          started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
+          real user (group) id, and the `-p' option is not supplied,
+          these actions are taken and the effective user id is set to
+          the real user id.  If the `-p' option is supplied at startup,
+          the effective user id is not reset.  Turning this option off
+          causes the effective user and group ids to be set to the real
+          user and group ids.
 
     `-t'
           Exit after reading and executing one command.
 
     `-u'
-          Treat unset variables as an error when performing parameter
+          Treat unset variables and parameters other than the special
+          parameters `@' or `*' as an error when performing parameter
           expansion.  An error message will be written to the standard
           error, and a non-interactive shell will exit.
 
@@ -3799,7 +3846,7 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior.
 
     `failglob'
           If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
-          pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
+          filename expansion result in an expansion error.
 
     `force_fignore'
           If set, the suffixes specified by the `FIGNORE' shell variable
@@ -4035,6 +4082,15 @@ Variables::).
 `BASH'
      The full pathname used to execute the current instance of Bash.
 
+`BASHOPTS'
+     A colon-separated list of enabled shell options.  Each word in the
+     list is a valid argument for the `-s' option to the `shopt'
+     builtin command (*note The Shopt Builtin::).  The options
+     appearing in `BASHOPTS' are those reported as `on' by `shopt'.  If
+     this variable is in the environment when Bash starts up, each
+     shell option in the list will be enabled before reading any
+     startup files.  This variable is readonly.
+
 `BASHPID'
      Expands to the process id of the current Bash process.  This
      differs from `$$' under certain circumstances, such as subshells
@@ -4140,6 +4196,17 @@ Variables::).
 `BASH_VERSION'
      The version number of the current instance of Bash.
 
+`BASH_XTRACEFD'
+     If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, Bash
+     will write the trace output generated when `set -x' is enabled to
+     that file descriptor.  This allows tracing output to be separated
+     from diagnostic and error messages.  The file descriptor is closed
+     when `BASH_XTRACEFD' is unset or assigned a new value.  Unsetting
+     `BASH_XTRACEFD' or assigning it the empty string causes the trace
+     output to be sent to the standard error.  Note that setting
+     `BASH_XTRACEFD' to 2 (the standard error file descriptor) and then
+     unsetting it will result in the standard error being closed.
+
 `COLUMNS'
      Used by the `select' builtin command to determine the terminal
      width when printing selection lists.  Automatically set upon
@@ -4186,10 +4253,11 @@ Variables::).
 
 `COMP_WORDS'
      An array variable consisting of the individual words in the
-     current command line.  The words are split on shell metacharacters
-     as the shell parser would separate them.  This variable is
-     available only in shell functions invoked by the programmable
-     completion facilities (*note Programmable Completion::).
+     current command line.  The line is split into words as Readline
+     would split it, using `COMP_WORDBREAKS' as described above.  This
+     variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
+     programmable completion facilities (*note Programmable
+     Completion::).
 
 `COMPREPLY'
      An array variable from which Bash reads the possible completions
@@ -4332,10 +4400,10 @@ Variables::).
      list of possible hostname completions may be changed while the
      shell is running; the next time hostname completion is attempted
      after the value is changed, Bash adds the contents of the new file
-     to the existing list.  If `HOSTFILE' is set, but has no value,
-     Bash attempts to read `/etc/hosts' to obtain the list of possible
-     hostname completions.  When `HOSTFILE' is unset, the hostname list
-     is cleared.
+     to the existing list.  If `HOSTFILE' is set, but has no value, or
+     does not name a readable file, Bash attempts to read `/etc/hosts'
+     to obtain the list of possible hostname completions.  When
+     `HOSTFILE' is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
 
 `HOSTNAME'
      The name of the current host.
@@ -4824,10 +4892,11 @@ Invoked with unequal effective and real UID/GIDs
 If Bash is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
 real user (group) id, and the `-p' option is not supplied, no startup
 files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
-the `SHELLOPTS' variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored,
-and the effective user id is set to the real user id.  If the `-p'
-option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is the same, but
-the effective user id is not reset.
+the `SHELLOPTS', `BASHOPTS', `CDPATH', and `GLOBIGNORE' variables, if
+they appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective user id
+is set to the real user id.  If the `-p' option is supplied at
+invocation, the startup behavior is the same, but the effective user id
+is not reset.
 
 
 File: bashref.info,  Node: Interactive Shells,  Next: Bash Conditional Expressions,  Prev: Bash Startup Files,  Up: Bash Features
@@ -4981,6 +5050,9 @@ checked.  If the FILE argument to one of the primaries is one of
 `/dev/stdin', `/dev/stdout', or `/dev/stderr', file descriptor 0, 1, or
 2, respectively, is checked.
 
+   When used with `[[', The `<' and `>' operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+
    Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow
 symbolic links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the
 link itself.
@@ -5072,19 +5144,18 @@ link itself.
      True if the length of STRING is non-zero.
 
 `STRING1 == STRING2'
-     True if the strings are equal.  `=' may be used in place of `=='
-     for strict POSIX compliance.
+`STRING1 = STRING2'
+     True if the strings are equal.  `=' should be used with the `test'
+     command for POSIX conformance.
 
 `STRING1 != STRING2'
      True if the strings are not equal.
 
 `STRING1 < STRING2'
-     True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically in the
-     current locale.
+     True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.
 
 `STRING1 > STRING2'
-     True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically in the
-     current locale.
+     True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.
 
 `ARG1 OP ARG2'
      `OP' is one of `-eq', `-ne', `-lt', `-le', `-gt', or `-ge'.  These
@@ -5308,10 +5379,13 @@ If SUBSCRIPT is `@' or `*', the expansion is the number of elements in
 the array.  Referencing an array variable without a subscript is
 equivalent to referencing with a subscript of 0.
 
+   An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned
+a value.  The null string is a valid value.
+
    The `unset' builtin is used to destroy arrays.  `unset'
 NAME[SUBSCRIPT] destroys the array element at index SUBSCRIPT.  Care
 must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename
-generation.  `unset' NAME, where NAME is an array, removes the entire
+expansion.  `unset' NAME, where NAME is an array, removes the entire
 array. A subscript of `*' or `@' also removes the entire array.
 
    The `declare', `local', and `readonly' builtins each accept a `-a'
@@ -5758,6 +5832,10 @@ startup files.
  42. The `ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the `-c'
      and `-f' options.
 
+ 43. The arrival of `SIGCHLD'  when a trap is set on `SIGCHLD' does not
+     interrupt the `wait' builtin and cause it to return immediately.
+     The trap command is run once for each child that exits.
+
 
    There is other POSIX behavior that Bash does not implement by
 default even when in POSIX mode.  Specifically:
@@ -5800,7 +5878,8 @@ File: bashref.info,  Node: Job Control Basics,  Next: Job Control Builtins,  Up:
 Job control refers to the ability to selectively stop (suspend) the
 execution of processes and continue (resume) their execution at a later
 point.  A user typically employs this facility via an interactive
-interface supplied jointly by the system's terminal driver and Bash.
+interface supplied jointly by the operating system kernel's terminal
+driver and Bash.
 
    The shell associates a JOB with each pipeline.  It keeps a table of
 currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the `jobs' command.
@@ -5819,10 +5898,11 @@ receive keyboard-generated signals such as `SIGINT'.  These processes
 are said to be in the foreground.  Background processes are those whose
 process group ID differs from the terminal's; such processes are immune
 to keyboard-generated signals.  Only foreground processes are allowed
-to read from or write to the terminal.  Background processes which
-attempt to read from (write to) the terminal are sent a `SIGTTIN'
-(`SIGTTOU') signal by the terminal driver, which, unless caught,
-suspends the process.
+to read from or, if the user so specifies with `stty tostop', write to
+the terminal.  Background processes which attempt to read from (write
+to when `stty tostop' is in effect) the terminal are sent a `SIGTTIN'
+(`SIGTTOU') signal by the kernel's terminal driver, which, unless
+caught, suspends the process.
 
    If the operating system on which Bash is running supports job
 control, Bash contains facilities to use it.  Typing the SUSPEND
@@ -6416,11 +6496,22 @@ Variable Settings
           editing mode, where the keystrokes are most similar to Emacs.
           This variable can be set to either `emacs' or `vi'.
 
+    `echo-control-characters'
+          When set to `on', on operating systems that indicate they
+          support it, readline echoes a character corresponding to a
+          signal generated from the keyboard.  The default is `on'.
+
     `enable-keypad'
           When set to `on', Readline will try to enable the application
           keypad when it is called.  Some systems need this to enable
           the arrow keys.  The default is `off'.
 
+    `enable-meta-key'
+          When set to `on', Readline will try to enable any meta
+          modifier key the terminal claims to support when it is
+          called.  On many terminals, the meta key is used to send
+          eight-bit characters.  The default is `on'.
+
     `expand-tilde'
           If set to `on', tilde expansion is performed when Readline
           attempts word completion.  The default is `off'.
@@ -6523,6 +6614,19 @@ Variable Settings
           be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.  The
           default value is `off'.
 
+    `skip-completed-text'
+          If set to `on', this alters the default completion behavior
+          when inserting a single match into the line.  It's only
+          active when performing completion in the middle of a word.
+          If enabled, readline does not insert characters from the
+          completion that match characters after point in the word
+          being completed, so portions of the word following the cursor
+          are not duplicated.  For instance, if this is enabled,
+          attempting completion when the cursor is after the `e' in
+          `Makefile' will result in `Makefile' rather than
+          `Makefilefile', assuming there is a single possible
+          completion.  The default value is `off'.
+
     `visible-stats'
           If set to `on', a character denoting a file's type is
           appended to the filename when listing possible completions.
@@ -7162,6 +7266,11 @@ File: bashref.info,  Node: Commands For Completion,  Next: Keyboard Macros,  Pre
      command is intended to be bound to <TAB>, but is unbound by
      default.
 
+`menu-complete-backward ()'
+     Identical to `menu-complete', but moves backward through the list
+     of possible completions, as if `menu-complete' had been given a
+     negative argument.
+
 `delete-char-or-list ()'
      Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
      end of the line (like `delete-char').  If at the end of the line,
@@ -7294,6 +7403,15 @@ File: bashref.info,  Node: Miscellaneous Commands,  Prev: Keyboard Macros,  Up:
      of that character.  A negative count searches for subsequent
      occurrences.
 
+`skip-csi-sequence ()'
+     Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as
+     those defined for keys like Home and End.  Such sequences begin
+     with a Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[.  If this
+     sequence is bound to "\e[", keys producing such sequences will
+     have no effect unless explicitly bound to a readline command,
+     instead of inserting stray characters into the editing buffer.
+     This is unbound by default, but usually bound to ESC-[.
+
 `insert-comment (M-#)'
      Without a numeric argument, the value of the `comment-begin'
      variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line.  If a
@@ -7412,10 +7530,14 @@ programmable completion facilities are invoked.
 
    First, the command name is identified.  If a compspec has been
 defined for that command, the compspec is used to generate the list of
-possible completions for the word.  If the command word is a full
-pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is searched for first.  If
-no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt is made to find
-a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+possible completions for the word.  If the command word is the empty
+string (completion attempted at the beginning of an empty line), any
+compspec defined with the `-E' option to `complete' is used.  If the
+command word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is
+searched for first.  If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an
+attempt is made to find a compspec for the portion following the final
+slash.  If those searches do not result in a compspec, any compspec
+defined with the `-D' option to `complete' is used as the default.
 
    Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
 matching words.  If a compspec is not found, the default Bash completion
@@ -7506,6 +7628,28 @@ to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
 the value of the MARK-DIRECTORIES Readline variable, regardless of the
 setting of the MARK-SYMLINKED-DIRECTORIES Readline variable.
 
+   There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.  This is
+most useful when used in combination with a default completion specified
+with `-D'.  It's possible for shell functions executed as completion
+handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by returning an
+exit status of 124.  If a shell function returns 124, and changes the
+compspec associated with the command on which completion is being
+attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is
+executed), programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
+attempt to find a compspec for that command.  This allows a set of
+completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather
+than being loaded all at once.
+
+   For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each
+kept in a file corresponding to the name of the command, the following
+default completion function would load completions dynamically:
+
+     _completion_loader()
+     {
+     	. "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
+     }
+     complete -D -F _completion_loader
+
 
 File: bashref.info,  Node: Programmable Completion Builtins,  Prev: Programmable Completion,  Up: Command Line Editing
 
@@ -7534,23 +7678,27 @@ completion facilities.
      no matches were generated.
 
 `complete'
-          `complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o COMP-OPTION] [-E] [-A ACTION] [-G GLOBPAT] [-W WORDLIST]
+          `complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o COMP-OPTION] [-DE] [-A ACTION] [-G GLOBPAT] [-W WORDLIST]
           [-F FUNCTION] [-C COMMAND] [-X FILTERPAT]
           [-P PREFIX] [-S SUFFIX] NAME [NAME ...]'
-          `complete -pr [-E] [NAME ...]'
+          `complete -pr [-DE] [NAME ...]'
 
      Specify how arguments to each NAME should be completed.  If the
      `-p' option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
      completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them to
      be reused as input.  The `-r' option removes a completion
      specification for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied, all
-     completion specifications.  The `-E' option indicates that the
-     remaining options and actions should apply to "empty" command
-     completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+     completion specifications.  The `-D' option indicates that the
+     remaining options and actions should apply to the "default"
+     command completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for
+     which no completion has previously been defined.  The `-E' option
+     indicates that the remaining options and actions should apply to
+     "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+     blank line.
 
      The process of applying these completion specifications when word
      completion is attempted is described above (*note Programmable
-     Completion::).
+     Completion::).  The `-D' option takes precedence over `-E'.
 
      Other options, if specified, have the following meanings.  The
      arguments to the `-G', `-W', and `-X' options (and, if necessary,
@@ -7719,12 +7867,20 @@ completion facilities.
      adding a completion specification.
 
 `compopt'
-          `compopt' [-o OPTION] [+o OPTION] [NAME]
+          `compopt' [-o OPTION] [-DE] [+o OPTION] [NAME]
      Modify completion options for each NAME according to the OPTIONs,
      or for the currently-execution completion if no NAMEs are supplied.
      If no OPTIONs are given, display the completion options for each
      NAME or the current completion.  The possible values of OPTION are
-     those valid for the `complete' builtin described above.
+     those valid for the `complete' builtin described above.  The `-D'
+     option indicates that the remaining options should apply to the
+     "default" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+     command for which no completion has previously been defined.  The
+     `-E' option indicates that the remaining options should apply to
+     "empty" command completion; that is, completion attempted on a
+     blank line.
+
+     The `-D' option takes precedence over `-E'.
 
      The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
      attempt is made to modify the options for a NAME for which no
@@ -8486,6 +8642,10 @@ does not provide the necessary support.
      Include support for the extended pattern matching features
      described above under *note Pattern Matching::.
 
+`--enable-extended-glob-default'
+     Set the default value of the EXTGLOB shell option described above
+     under *note The Shopt Builtin:: to be enabled.
+
 `--enable-help-builtin'
      Include the `help' builtin, which displays help on shell builtins
      and variables (*note Bash Builtins::).
@@ -8575,7 +8735,7 @@ Appendix A Reporting Bugs
 Please report all bugs you find in Bash.  But first, you should make
 sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest version
 of Bash.  The latest version of Bash is always available for FTP from
-`ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/bash/'.
+`ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/'.
 
    Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the
 `bashbug' command to submit a bug report.  If you have a fix, you are
@@ -8598,7 +8758,8 @@ newsgroup `gnu.bash.bug'.
 `bashbug' inserts the first three items automatically into the template
 it provides for filing a bug report.
 
-   Please send all reports concerning this manual to <chet@po.CWRU.Edu>.
+   Please send all reports concerning this manual to
+<chet.ramey@case.edu>.
 
 
 File: bashref.info,  Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell,  Next: GNU Free Documentation License,  Prev: Reporting Bugs,  Up: Top
@@ -8970,10 +9131,10 @@ File: bashref.info,  Node: GNU Free Documentation License,  Next: Indexes,  Prev
 Appendix C GNU Free Documentation License
 *****************************************
 
-                      Version 1.2, November 2002
+                     Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
 
-     Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-     51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA
+     Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+     `http://fsf.org/'
 
      Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
      of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
@@ -9075,6 +9236,9 @@ Appendix C GNU Free Documentation License
      Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the
      work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
 
+     The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies
+     of the Document to the public.
+
      A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document
      whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses
      following text that translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ
@@ -9340,12 +9504,29 @@ Appendix C GNU Free Documentation License
   9. TERMINATION
 
      You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
-     except as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other
-     attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is
-     void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this
-     License.  However, parties who have received copies, or rights,
-     from you under this License will not have their licenses
-     terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
+     except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
+     otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void,
+     and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
+
+     However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
+     license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a)
+     provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly
+     and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the
+     copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some
+     reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.
+
+     Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
+     reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
+     violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
+     received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from
+     that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days
+     after your receipt of the notice.
+
+     Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate
+     the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from
+     you under this License.  If your rights have been terminated and
+     not permanently reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of
+     the same material does not give you any rights to use it.
 
  10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
 
@@ -9363,7 +9544,41 @@ Appendix C GNU Free Documentation License
      published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.  If
      the Document does not specify a version number of this License,
      you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the
-     Free Software Foundation.
+     Free Software Foundation.  If the Document specifies that a proxy
+     can decide which future versions of this License can be used, that
+     proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently
+     authorizes you to choose that version for the Document.
+
+ 11. RELICENSING
+
+     "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any
+     World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
+     provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works.  A
+     public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server.
+     A "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the
+     site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC
+     site.
+
+     "CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
+     license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
+     corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
+     California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
+     published by that same organization.
+
+     "Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or
+     in part, as part of another Document.
+
+     An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this
+     License, and if all works that were first published under this
+     License somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently
+     incorporated in whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover
+     texts or invariant sections, and (2) were thus incorporated prior
+     to November 1, 2008.
+
+     The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the
+     site under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1,
+     2009, provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
+
 
 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
 ====================================================
@@ -9374,7 +9589,7 @@ notices just after the title page:
 
        Copyright (C)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.
        Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
        or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
        with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
        Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
@@ -9443,7 +9658,7 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
 * complete:                              Programmable Completion Builtins.
                                                               (line  28)
 * compopt:                               Programmable Completion Builtins.
-                                                              (line 213)
+                                                              (line 217)
 * continue:                              Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line  55)
 * declare:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 142)
@@ -9482,13 +9697,13 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
 * mapfile:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 342)
 * popd:                                  Directory Stack Builtins.
                                                               (line  37)
-* printf:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 387)
+* printf:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 388)
 * pushd:                                 Directory Stack Builtins.
                                                               (line  58)
 * pwd:                                   Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 163)
-* read:                                  Bash Builtins.       (line 412)
-* readarray:                             Bash Builtins.       (line 484)
+* read:                                  Bash Builtins.       (line 413)
+* readarray:                             Bash Builtins.       (line 493)
 * readonly:                              Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 172)
 * return:                                Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -9497,7 +9712,7 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
 * shift:                                 Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 201)
 * shopt:                                 The Shopt Builtin.   (line   9)
-* source:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 492)
+* source:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 501)
 * suspend:                               Job Control Builtins.
                                                               (line  94)
 * test:                                  Bourne Shell Builtins.
@@ -9506,14 +9721,14 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands
                                                               (line 281)
 * trap:                                  Bourne Shell Builtins.
                                                               (line 286)
-* type:                                  Bash Builtins.       (line 496)
-* typeset:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 527)
-* ulimit:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 533)
+* type:                                  Bash Builtins.       (line 505)
+* typeset:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 536)
+* ulimit:                                Bash Builtins.       (line 542)
 * umask:                                 Bourne Shell Builtins.
-                                                              (line 327)
-* unalias:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 619)
+                                                              (line 332)
+* unalias:                               Bash Builtins.       (line 630)
 * unset:                                 Bourne Shell Builtins.
-                                                              (line 344)
+                                                              (line 349)
 * wait:                                  Job Control Builtins.
                                                               (line  73)
 
@@ -9580,156 +9795,160 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index
 * auto_resume:                           Job Control Variables.
                                                               (line   6)
 * BASH:                                  Bash Variables.      (line  13)
-* BASH_ALIASES:                          Bash Variables.      (line  21)
-* BASH_ARGC:                             Bash Variables.      (line  28)
-* BASH_ARGV:                             Bash Variables.      (line  38)
-* BASH_CMDS:                             Bash Variables.      (line  48)
-* BASH_COMMAND:                          Bash Variables.      (line  55)
-* BASH_ENV:                              Bash Variables.      (line  60)
-* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING:                 Bash Variables.      (line  66)
-* BASH_LINENO:                           Bash Variables.      (line  69)
-* BASH_REMATCH:                          Bash Variables.      (line  78)
-* BASH_SOURCE:                           Bash Variables.      (line  86)
-* BASH_SUBSHELL:                         Bash Variables.      (line  90)
-* BASH_VERSINFO:                         Bash Variables.      (line  94)
-* BASH_VERSION:                          Bash Variables.      (line 118)
-* BASHPID:                               Bash Variables.      (line  16)
+* BASH_ALIASES:                          Bash Variables.      (line  30)
+* BASH_ARGC:                             Bash Variables.      (line  37)
+* BASH_ARGV:                             Bash Variables.      (line  47)
+* BASH_CMDS:                             Bash Variables.      (line  57)
+* BASH_COMMAND:                          Bash Variables.      (line  64)
+* BASH_ENV:                              Bash Variables.      (line  69)
+* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING:                 Bash Variables.      (line  75)
+* BASH_LINENO:                           Bash Variables.      (line  78)
+* BASH_REMATCH:                          Bash Variables.      (line  87)
+* BASH_SOURCE:                           Bash Variables.      (line  95)
+* BASH_SUBSHELL:                         Bash Variables.      (line  99)
+* BASH_VERSINFO:                         Bash Variables.      (line 103)
+* BASH_VERSION:                          Bash Variables.      (line 127)
+* BASH_XTRACEFD:                         Bash Variables.      (line 130)
+* BASHOPTS:                              Bash Variables.      (line  16)
+* BASHPID:                               Bash Variables.      (line  25)
 * bell-style:                            Readline Init File Syntax.
                                                               (line  38)
 * bind-tty-special-chars:                Readline Init File Syntax.
                                                               (line  45)
 * CDPATH:                                Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line   9)
-* COLUMNS:                               Bash Variables.      (line 121)
+* COLUMNS:                               Bash Variables.      (line 141)
 * comment-begin:                         Readline Init File Syntax.
                                                               (line  50)
-* COMP_CWORD:                            Bash Variables.      (line 126)
-* COMP_KEY:                              Bash Variables.      (line 155)
-* COMP_LINE:                             Bash Variables.      (line 132)
-* COMP_POINT:                            Bash Variables.      (line 137)
-* COMP_TYPE:                             Bash Variables.      (line 145)
-* COMP_WORDBREAKS:                       Bash Variables.      (line 159)
-* COMP_WORDS:                            Bash Variables.      (line 165)
+* COMP_CWORD:                            Bash Variables.      (line 146)
+* COMP_KEY:                              Bash Variables.      (line 175)
+* COMP_LINE:                             Bash Variables.      (line 152)
+* COMP_POINT:                            Bash Variables.      (line 157)
+* COMP_TYPE:                             Bash Variables.      (line 165)
+* COMP_WORDBREAKS:                       Bash Variables.      (line 179)
+* COMP_WORDS:                            Bash Variables.      (line 185)
 * completion-prefix-display-length:      Readline Init File Syntax.
                                                               (line  60)
 * completion-query-items:                Readline Init File Syntax.
                                                               (line  67)
-* COMPREPLY:                             Bash Variables.      (line 172)
+* COMPREPLY:                             Bash Variables.      (line 193)
 * convert-meta:                          Readline Init File Syntax.
                                                               (line  77)
-* DIRSTACK:                              Bash Variables.      (line 177)
+* DIRSTACK:                              Bash Variables.      (line 198)
 * disable-completion:                    Readline Init File Syntax.
                                                               (line  83)
 * editing-mode:                          Readline Init File Syntax.
                                                               (line  88)
-* EMACS:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 187)
+* EMACS:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 208)
 * enable-keypad:                         Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line  94)
-* EUID:                                  Bash Variables.      (line 192)
-* expand-tilde:                          Readline Init File Syntax.
                                                               (line  99)
-* FCEDIT:                                Bash Variables.      (line 196)
-* FIGNORE:                               Bash Variables.      (line 200)
-* FUNCNAME:                              Bash Variables.      (line 206)
-* GLOBIGNORE:                            Bash Variables.      (line 215)
-* GROUPS:                                Bash Variables.      (line 221)
-* histchars:                             Bash Variables.      (line 227)
-* HISTCMD:                               Bash Variables.      (line 242)
-* HISTCONTROL:                           Bash Variables.      (line 247)
-* HISTFILE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 263)
-* HISTFILESIZE:                          Bash Variables.      (line 267)
-* HISTIGNORE:                            Bash Variables.      (line 275)
+* EUID:                                  Bash Variables.      (line 213)
+* expand-tilde:                          Readline Init File Syntax.
+                                                              (line 110)
+* FCEDIT:                                Bash Variables.      (line 217)
+* FIGNORE:                               Bash Variables.      (line 221)
+* FUNCNAME:                              Bash Variables.      (line 227)
+* GLOBIGNORE:                            Bash Variables.      (line 236)
+* GROUPS:                                Bash Variables.      (line 242)
+* histchars:                             Bash Variables.      (line 248)
+* HISTCMD:                               Bash Variables.      (line 263)
+* HISTCONTROL:                           Bash Variables.      (line 268)
+* HISTFILE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 284)
+* HISTFILESIZE:                          Bash Variables.      (line 288)
+* HISTIGNORE:                            Bash Variables.      (line 296)
 * history-preserve-point:                Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 103)
+                                                              (line 114)
 * history-size:                          Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 109)
-* HISTSIZE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 294)
-* HISTTIMEFORMAT:                        Bash Variables.      (line 298)
+                                                              (line 120)
+* HISTSIZE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 315)
+* HISTTIMEFORMAT:                        Bash Variables.      (line 319)
 * HOME:                                  Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line  13)
 * horizontal-scroll-mode:                Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 114)
-* HOSTFILE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 307)
-* HOSTNAME:                              Bash Variables.      (line 318)
-* HOSTTYPE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 321)
+                                                              (line 125)
+* HOSTFILE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 328)
+* HOSTNAME:                              Bash Variables.      (line 339)
+* HOSTTYPE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 342)
 * IFS:                                   Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line  18)
-* IGNOREEOF:                             Bash Variables.      (line 324)
+* IGNOREEOF:                             Bash Variables.      (line 345)
 * input-meta:                            Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 121)
-* INPUTRC:                               Bash Variables.      (line 334)
+                                                              (line 132)
+* INPUTRC:                               Bash Variables.      (line 355)
 * isearch-terminators:                   Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 128)
+                                                              (line 139)
 * keymap:                                Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 135)
-* LANG:                                  Bash Variables.      (line 338)
-* LC_ALL:                                Bash Variables.      (line 342)
-* LC_COLLATE:                            Bash Variables.      (line 346)
-* LC_CTYPE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 353)
+                                                              (line 146)
+* LANG:                                  Bash Variables.      (line 359)
+* LC_ALL:                                Bash Variables.      (line 363)
+* LC_COLLATE:                            Bash Variables.      (line 367)
+* LC_CTYPE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 374)
 * LC_MESSAGES <1>:                       Locale Translation.  (line  11)
-* LC_MESSAGES:                           Bash Variables.      (line 358)
-* LC_NUMERIC:                            Bash Variables.      (line 362)
-* LINENO:                                Bash Variables.      (line 366)
-* LINES:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 370)
-* MACHTYPE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 375)
+* LC_MESSAGES:                           Bash Variables.      (line 379)
+* LC_NUMERIC:                            Bash Variables.      (line 383)
+* LINENO:                                Bash Variables.      (line 387)
+* LINES:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 391)
+* MACHTYPE:                              Bash Variables.      (line 396)
 * MAIL:                                  Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line  22)
-* MAILCHECK:                             Bash Variables.      (line 379)
+* MAILCHECK:                             Bash Variables.      (line 400)
 * MAILPATH:                              Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line  27)
 * mark-modified-lines:                   Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 148)
+                                                              (line 159)
 * mark-symlinked-directories:            Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 153)
+                                                              (line 164)
 * match-hidden-files:                    Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 158)
+                                                              (line 169)
 * meta-flag:                             Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 121)
-* OLDPWD:                                Bash Variables.      (line 387)
+                                                              (line 132)
+* OLDPWD:                                Bash Variables.      (line 408)
 * OPTARG:                                Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line  34)
-* OPTERR:                                Bash Variables.      (line 390)
+* OPTERR:                                Bash Variables.      (line 411)
 * OPTIND:                                Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line  38)
-* OSTYPE:                                Bash Variables.      (line 394)
+* OSTYPE:                                Bash Variables.      (line 415)
 * output-meta:                           Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 165)
+                                                              (line 176)
 * page-completions:                      Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 170)
+                                                              (line 181)
 * PATH:                                  Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line  42)
-* PIPESTATUS:                            Bash Variables.      (line 397)
-* POSIXLY_CORRECT:                       Bash Variables.      (line 402)
-* PPID:                                  Bash Variables.      (line 411)
-* PROMPT_COMMAND:                        Bash Variables.      (line 415)
-* PROMPT_DIRTRIM:                        Bash Variables.      (line 419)
+* PIPESTATUS:                            Bash Variables.      (line 418)
+* POSIXLY_CORRECT:                       Bash Variables.      (line 423)
+* PPID:                                  Bash Variables.      (line 432)
+* PROMPT_COMMAND:                        Bash Variables.      (line 436)
+* PROMPT_DIRTRIM:                        Bash Variables.      (line 440)
 * PS1:                                   Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line  48)
 * PS2:                                   Bourne Shell Variables.
                                                               (line  53)
-* PS3:                                   Bash Variables.      (line 425)
-* PS4:                                   Bash Variables.      (line 430)
-* PWD:                                   Bash Variables.      (line 436)
-* RANDOM:                                Bash Variables.      (line 439)
-* REPLY:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 444)
+* PS3:                                   Bash Variables.      (line 446)
+* PS4:                                   Bash Variables.      (line 451)
+* PWD:                                   Bash Variables.      (line 457)
+* RANDOM:                                Bash Variables.      (line 460)
+* REPLY:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 465)
 * revert-all-at-newline:                 Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 180)
-* SECONDS:                               Bash Variables.      (line 447)
-* SHELL:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 453)
-* SHELLOPTS:                             Bash Variables.      (line 458)
-* SHLVL:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 467)
+                                                              (line 191)
+* SECONDS:                               Bash Variables.      (line 468)
+* SHELL:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 474)
+* SHELLOPTS:                             Bash Variables.      (line 479)
+* SHLVL:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 488)
 * show-all-if-ambiguous:                 Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 186)
+                                                              (line 197)
 * show-all-if-unmodified:                Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 192)
+                                                              (line 203)
+* skip-completed-text:                   Readline Init File Syntax.
+                                                              (line 212)
 * TEXTDOMAIN:                            Locale Translation.  (line  11)
 * TEXTDOMAINDIR:                         Locale Translation.  (line  11)
-* TIMEFORMAT:                            Bash Variables.      (line 472)
-* TMOUT:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 510)
-* TMPDIR:                                Bash Variables.      (line 522)
-* UID:                                   Bash Variables.      (line 526)
+* TIMEFORMAT:                            Bash Variables.      (line 493)
+* TMOUT:                                 Bash Variables.      (line 531)
+* TMPDIR:                                Bash Variables.      (line 543)
+* UID:                                   Bash Variables.      (line 547)
 * visible-stats:                         Readline Init File Syntax.
-                                                              (line 201)
+                                                              (line 225)
 
 
 File: bashref.info,  Node: Function Index,  Next: Concept Index,  Prev: Variable Index,  Up: Indexes
@@ -9764,18 +9983,18 @@ D.4 Function Index
 * copy-region-as-kill ():                Commands For Killing. (line 54)
 * delete-char (C-d):                     Commands For Text.    (line  6)
 * delete-char-or-list ():                Commands For Completion.
-                                                               (line 34)
+                                                               (line 39)
 * delete-horizontal-space ():            Commands For Killing. (line 46)
 * digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--):    Numeric Arguments.    (line  6)
 * do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-X, ...): Miscellaneous Commands.
                                                                (line 14)
 * downcase-word (M-l):                   Commands For Text.    (line 42)
 * dump-functions ():                     Miscellaneous Commands.
-                                                               (line 64)
+                                                               (line 73)
 * dump-macros ():                        Miscellaneous Commands.
-                                                               (line 76)
+                                                               (line 85)
 * dump-variables ():                     Miscellaneous Commands.
-                                                               (line 70)
+                                                               (line 79)
 * end-kbd-macro (C-x )):                 Keyboard Macros.      (line  9)
 * end-of-history (M->):                  Commands For History. (line 23)
 * end-of-line (C-e):                     Commands For Moving.  (line  9)
@@ -9788,7 +10007,7 @@ D.4 Function Index
 * history-search-backward ():            Commands For History. (line 51)
 * history-search-forward ():             Commands For History. (line 46)
 * insert-comment (M-#):                  Miscellaneous Commands.
-                                                               (line 51)
+                                                               (line 60)
 * insert-completions (M-*):              Commands For Completion.
                                                                (line 18)
 * kill-line (C-k):                       Commands For Killing. (line  6)
@@ -9797,6 +10016,8 @@ D.4 Function Index
 * kill-word (M-d):                       Commands For Killing. (line 19)
 * menu-complete ():                      Commands For Completion.
                                                                (line 22)
+* menu-complete-backward ():             Commands For Completion.
+                                                               (line 34)
 * next-history (C-n):                    Commands For History. (line 17)
 * non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n): Commands For History.
                                                                (line 41)
@@ -9818,6 +10039,8 @@ D.4 Function Index
 * self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...):      Commands For Text.    (line 24)
 * set-mark (C-@):                        Miscellaneous Commands.
                                                                (line 32)
+* skip-csi-sequence ():                  Miscellaneous Commands.
+                                                               (line 51)
 * start-kbd-macro (C-x ():               Keyboard Macros.      (line  6)
 * transpose-chars (C-t):                 Commands For Text.    (line 27)
 * transpose-words (M-t):                 Commands For Text.    (line 33)
@@ -9917,7 +10140,7 @@ D.5 Concept Index
 * history list:                          Bash History Facilities.
                                                               (line   6)
 * History, how to use:                   Programmable Completion Builtins.
-                                                              (line 225)
+                                                              (line 237)
 * identifier:                            Definitions.         (line  51)
 * initialization file, readline:         Readline Init File.  (line   6)
 * installation:                          Basic Installation.  (line   6)
@@ -10007,119 +10230,119 @@ Node: Escape Character14830
 Node: Single Quotes15315
 Node: Double Quotes15663
 Node: ANSI-C Quoting16788
-Node: Locale Translation17744
-Node: Comments18640
-Node: Shell Commands19258
-Node: Simple Commands20082
-Node: Pipelines20713
-Node: Lists22969
-Node: Compound Commands24698
-Node: Looping Constructs25502
-Node: Conditional Constructs27949
-Node: Command Grouping35955
-Node: Coprocesses37434
-Node: Shell Functions39078
-Node: Shell Parameters43539
-Node: Positional Parameters45955
-Node: Special Parameters46855
-Node: Shell Expansions49819
-Node: Brace Expansion51744
-Node: Tilde Expansion54497
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion56848
-Node: Command Substitution65746
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion67079
-Node: Process Substitution67929
-Node: Word Splitting68979
-Node: Filename Expansion70602
-Node: Pattern Matching72742
-Node: Quote Removal76381
-Node: Redirections76676
-Node: Executing Commands84819
-Node: Simple Command Expansion85489
-Node: Command Search and Execution87419
-Node: Command Execution Environment89756
-Node: Environment92742
-Node: Exit Status94402
-Node: Signals96023
-Node: Shell Scripts97991
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands100509
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins102186
-Node: Bash Builtins119504
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior143695
-Node: The Set Builtin144040
-Node: The Shopt Builtin153080
-Node: Special Builtins163942
-Node: Shell Variables164921
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables165361
-Node: Bash Variables167342
-Node: Bash Features189660
-Node: Invoking Bash190543
-Node: Bash Startup Files196352
-Node: Interactive Shells201321
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?201731
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?202380
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior203195
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions206475
-Node: Shell Arithmetic210054
-Node: Aliases212800
-Node: Arrays215372
-Node: The Directory Stack219214
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins219928
-Node: Printing a Prompt222820
-Node: The Restricted Shell225572
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode227404
-Node: Job Control235257
-Node: Job Control Basics235717
-Node: Job Control Builtins240330
-Node: Job Control Variables244694
-Node: Command Line Editing245852
-Node: Introduction and Notation247419
-Node: Readline Interaction249041
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials250232
-Node: Readline Movement Commands252021
-Node: Readline Killing Commands252986
-Node: Readline Arguments254906
-Node: Searching255950
-Node: Readline Init File258136
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax259283
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs272517
-Node: Sample Init File275050
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands278167
-Node: Commands For Moving279374
-Node: Commands For History280518
-Node: Commands For Text283673
-Node: Commands For Killing286346
-Node: Numeric Arguments288797
-Node: Commands For Completion289936
-Node: Keyboard Macros293703
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands294274
-Node: Readline vi Mode299585
-Node: Programmable Completion300499
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins306332
-Node: Using History Interactively314758
-Node: Bash History Facilities315442
-Node: Bash History Builtins318356
-Node: History Interaction322213
-Node: Event Designators324918
-Node: Word Designators325933
-Node: Modifiers327572
-Node: Installing Bash328976
-Node: Basic Installation330113
-Node: Compilers and Options332805
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures333546
-Node: Installation Names335210
-Node: Specifying the System Type336028
-Node: Sharing Defaults336744
-Node: Operation Controls337417
-Node: Optional Features338375
-Node: Reporting Bugs347777
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell348971
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License365658
-Node: Indexes388119
-Node: Builtin Index388573
-Node: Reserved Word Index395400
-Node: Variable Index397848
-Node: Function Index409654
-Node: Concept Index416386
+Node: Locale Translation17773
+Node: Comments18669
+Node: Shell Commands19287
+Node: Simple Commands20111
+Node: Pipelines20742
+Node: Lists22998
+Node: Compound Commands24727
+Node: Looping Constructs25531
+Node: Conditional Constructs27986
+Node: Command Grouping36099
+Node: Coprocesses37578
+Node: Shell Functions39222
+Node: Shell Parameters43776
+Node: Positional Parameters46192
+Node: Special Parameters47092
+Node: Shell Expansions50056
+Node: Brace Expansion51981
+Node: Tilde Expansion54736
+Node: Shell Parameter Expansion57087
+Node: Command Substitution65988
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion67321
+Node: Process Substitution68171
+Node: Word Splitting69221
+Node: Filename Expansion70844
+Node: Pattern Matching72983
+Node: Quote Removal76622
+Node: Redirections76917
+Node: Executing Commands85442
+Node: Simple Command Expansion86112
+Node: Command Search and Execution88042
+Node: Command Execution Environment90379
+Node: Environment93365
+Node: Exit Status95025
+Node: Signals96646
+Node: Shell Scripts98614
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands101132
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins103160
+Node: Bash Builtins120536
+Node: Modifying Shell Behavior145364
+Node: The Set Builtin145709
+Node: The Shopt Builtin155233
+Node: Special Builtins166095
+Node: Shell Variables167074
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables167514
+Node: Bash Variables169495
+Node: Bash Features192981
+Node: Invoking Bash193864
+Node: Bash Startup Files199673
+Node: Interactive Shells204685
+Node: What is an Interactive Shell?205095
+Node: Is this Shell Interactive?205744
+Node: Interactive Shell Behavior206559
+Node: Bash Conditional Expressions209839
+Node: Shell Arithmetic213488
+Node: Aliases216234
+Node: Arrays218806
+Node: The Directory Stack222764
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins223478
+Node: Printing a Prompt226370
+Node: The Restricted Shell229122
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode230954
+Node: Job Control239011
+Node: Job Control Basics239471
+Node: Job Control Builtins244188
+Node: Job Control Variables248552
+Node: Command Line Editing249710
+Node: Introduction and Notation251277
+Node: Readline Interaction252899
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials254090
+Node: Readline Movement Commands255879
+Node: Readline Killing Commands256844
+Node: Readline Arguments258764
+Node: Searching259808
+Node: Readline Init File261994
+Node: Readline Init File Syntax263141
+Node: Conditional Init Constructs277628
+Node: Sample Init File280161
+Node: Bindable Readline Commands283278
+Node: Commands For Moving284485
+Node: Commands For History285629
+Node: Commands For Text288784
+Node: Commands For Killing291457
+Node: Numeric Arguments293908
+Node: Commands For Completion295047
+Node: Keyboard Macros299007
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands299578
+Node: Readline vi Mode305384
+Node: Programmable Completion306298
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins313504
+Node: Using History Interactively322640
+Node: Bash History Facilities323324
+Node: Bash History Builtins326238
+Node: History Interaction330095
+Node: Event Designators332800
+Node: Word Designators333815
+Node: Modifiers335454
+Node: Installing Bash336858
+Node: Basic Installation337995
+Node: Compilers and Options340687
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures341428
+Node: Installation Names343092
+Node: Specifying the System Type343910
+Node: Sharing Defaults344626
+Node: Operation Controls345299
+Node: Optional Features346257
+Node: Reporting Bugs355816
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell357017
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License373704
+Node: Indexes398900
+Node: Builtin Index399354
+Node: Reserved Word Index406181
+Node: Variable Index408629
+Node: Function Index420722
+Node: Concept Index427731
 
 End Tag Table
diff --git a/doc/bashref.pdf b/doc/bashref.pdf
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diff --git a/doc/bashref.ps b/doc/bashref.ps
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@@ -1486,54 +1486,116 @@ D81D0B277CA333690FB282
 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
 cleartomark
 %%EndFont 
-%%BeginFont: CMR8
-%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR8 1.0
-%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:39:40
+%%BeginFont: CMR10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:52
 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
 11 dict begin
 /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
-/version (1.0) readonly def
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
 /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
-/FullName (CMR8) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
 /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
 /Weight (Medium) readonly def
 /ItalicAngle 0 def
 /isFixedPitch false def
 end readonly def
-/FontName /CMR8 def
+/FontName /CMR10 def
 /PaintType 0 def
 /FontType 1 def
 /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
 /Encoding 256 array
 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
+dup 11 /ff put
+dup 12 /fi put
+dup 13 /fl put
+dup 14 /ffi put
+dup 33 /exclam put
+dup 34 /quotedblright put
+dup 36 /dollar put
+dup 37 /percent put
+dup 38 /ampersand put
 dup 39 /quoteright put
+dup 40 /parenleft put
+dup 41 /parenright put
+dup 44 /comma put
 dup 45 /hyphen put
+dup 46 /period put
+dup 47 /slash put
+dup 48 /zero put
 dup 49 /one put
+dup 50 /two put
+dup 51 /three put
+dup 52 /four put
+dup 53 /five put
+dup 54 /six put
+dup 55 /seven put
+dup 56 /eight put
+dup 57 /nine put
+dup 58 /colon put
+dup 59 /semicolon put
+dup 61 /equal put
+dup 63 /question put
 dup 65 /A put
 dup 66 /B put
 dup 67 /C put
 dup 68 /D put
 dup 69 /E put
 dup 70 /F put
+dup 71 /G put
+dup 72 /H put
+dup 73 /I put
+dup 74 /J put
+dup 75 /K put
 dup 76 /L put
+dup 77 /M put
+dup 78 /N put
+dup 79 /O put
 dup 80 /P put
+dup 81 /Q put
 dup 82 /R put
 dup 83 /S put
 dup 84 /T put
+dup 85 /U put
+dup 86 /V put
+dup 87 /W put
+dup 88 /X put
+dup 89 /Y put
+dup 90 /Z put
 dup 91 /bracketleft put
+dup 92 /quotedblleft put
+dup 93 /bracketright put
+dup 96 /quoteleft put
 dup 97 /a put
+dup 98 /b put
 dup 99 /c put
+dup 100 /d put
 dup 101 /e put
+dup 102 /f put
+dup 103 /g put
+dup 104 /h put
+dup 105 /i put
 dup 106 /j put
 dup 107 /k put
+dup 108 /l put
+dup 109 /m put
 dup 110 /n put
+dup 111 /o put
 dup 112 /p put
+dup 113 /q put
 dup 114 /r put
 dup 115 /s put
 dup 116 /t put
 dup 117 /u put
+dup 118 /v put
+dup 119 /w put
+dup 120 /x put
+dup 121 /y put
+dup 122 /z put
+dup 123 /endash put
+dup 124 /emdash put
 readonly def
-/FontBBox{-36 -250 1070 750}readonly def
+/FontBBox{-251 -250 1009 969}readonly def
 currentdict end
 currentfile eexec
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-%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 15 07:22:27
-% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
-11 dict begin
-/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
-/version (1.0) readonly def
-/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
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-/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
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-/FontName /CMSY9 def
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@@ -1785,9 +2148,7 @@ dup 100 /d put
 dup 101 /e put
 dup 102 /f put
 dup 103 /g put
-dup 104 /h put
 dup 105 /i put
-dup 106 /j put
 dup 108 /l put
 dup 109 /m put
 dup 110 /n put
@@ -1795,7 +2156,6 @@ dup 111 /o put
 dup 112 /p put
 dup 114 /r put
 dup 115 /s put
-dup 116 /t put
 dup 117 /u put
 dup 120 /x put
 readonly def
@@ -1827,120 +2187,106 @@ E85820A8AD3486155A40143011BA9D76297F46DEF69ECA4596D6E4CAABF84091
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 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
@@ -2477,7 +2823,7 @@ end readonly def
 /Encoding 256 array
 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
 dup 12 /fi put
-dup 46 /period put
+dup 45 /hyphen put
 dup 97 /a put
 dup 99 /c put
 dup 100 /d put
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+%%CreationDate: 1996 Jul 27 08:57:55
+% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
+11 dict begin
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-639 y Fr(U)2025 755 y Fe(ulimit)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b
-Fb(49)2025 843 y Fe(umask)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b
-Fb(41)2025 930 y Fe(unalias)8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(50)2025
-1017 y Fe(unset)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(41)2025 1251
-y Fr(W)2025 1368 y Fe(wait)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
-b Fb(91)150 1642 y Fr(D.2)68 b(Index)45 b(of)g(Shell)g(Reserv)l(ed)h(W)
--11 b(ords)150 1963 y(!)150 2096 y Fe(!)18 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)44 b Fb(8)150 2382 y
-Fr([)150 2515 y Fe([[)15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41
-b Fb(12)150 2807 y Fr(])150 2940 y Fe(]])15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)41 b Fb(12)150 3226 y Fa({)150 3359 y Fe({)17 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(14)150 3645 y Fa(})150
-3777 y Fe(})17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
-b Fb(14)150 4062 y Fr(C)150 4195 y Fe(case)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
-b Fb(11)150 4471 y Fr(D)150 4604 y Fe(do)15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)41 b Fb(10)150 4700 y Fe(done)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
-b Fb(10)2025 1963 y Fr(E)2025 2079 y Fe(elif)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-38 b Fb(10)2025 2166 y Fe(else)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
-b Fb(10)2025 2254 y Fe(esac)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
-b Fb(11)2025 2487 y Fr(F)2025 2603 y Fe(fi)15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)41 b Fb(10)2025 2690 y Fe(for)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
-b Fb(10)2025 2778 y Fe(function)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(15)2025
-3011 y Fr(I)2025 3127 y Fe(if)15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41
-b Fb(10)2025 3215 y Fe(in)15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41
-b Fb(11)2025 3448 y Fr(S)2025 3564 y Fe(select)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35
-b Fb(12)2025 3797 y Fr(T)2025 3914 y Fe(then)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-38 b Fb(10)2025 4001 y Fe(time)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)40
-b Fb(8)2025 4234 y Fr(U)2025 4350 y Fe(until)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
-b Fb(10)2025 4584 y Fr(W)2025 4700 y Fe(while)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
-b Fb(10)150 4957 y Fr(D.3)68 b(P)l(arameter)47 b(and)d(V)-11
-b(ariable)46 b(Index)150 5279 y(!)1834 b Fe(!)17 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)43 b Fb(17)p eop end
+b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(T)150 428 y Fe(test)23
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 %%Page: 153 159
 TeXDict begin 153 158 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
-b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(153)150 299 y Fr(#)150 424 y Fe(#)17
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-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(17)150 688
-y Fr($)150 813 y Fe($)17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
-b Fb(17)150 1084 y Fr(*)150 1209 y Fe(*)17 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(17)150 1464 y Fr(-)150
-1589 y Fe(-)17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
-b Fb(17)150 1844 y Fr(?)150 1969 y Fe(?)17 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(17)150 2224 y Fr(@)150
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-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
-b Fb(17)p 159 2603 41 6 v 150 2728 a Fe(_)17 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(17)150 2983 y Fr(0)150
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-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
-b Fb(17)150 3363 y Fr(A)150 3488 y Fe(auto_resume)23
-b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46
-b Fb(92)150 3752 y Fr(B)150 3877 y Fe(BASH)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
-b Fb(61)150 3968 y Fe(BASH_ALIASES)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(62)150 4060 y Fe(BASH_ARGC)25
-b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-49 b Fb(62)150 4151 y Fe(BASH_ARGV)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(62)150
-4243 y Fe(BASH_CMDS)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(62)150 4334 y Fe(BASH_COMMAND)22
-b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45
-b Fb(62)150 4426 y Fe(BASH_ENV)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
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-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(62)150
-4517 y Fe(BASH_EXECUTION_STRING)d Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)50
-b Fb(62)150 4608 y Fe(BASH_LINENO)23 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46 b Fb(62)150 4700 y
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-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(63)150 4791 y Fe(BASH_SOURCE)23 b Fc(.)12
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-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46
-b Fb(63)150 4883 y Fe(BASH_SUBSHELL)18 b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)43 b Fb(63)150 4974 y Fe(BASH_VERSINFO)18
-b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)43
-b Fb(63)150 5066 y Fe(BASH_VERSION)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(63)150 5157 y Fe(BASHPID)8
-b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)34 b Fb(62)150 5249 y Fe(bell-style)24 b
-Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)47
-b Fb(97)150 5340 y Fe(bind-tty-special-chars)28 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)48 b Fb(97)2025 299 y Fr(C)2025 417 y Fe(CDPATH)10
-b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b Fb(61)2025 506 y Fe(COLUMNS)8 b Fc(.)14
-b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)34 b Fb(63)2025 594 y Fe(comment-begin)18 b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43 b Fb(97)2025 683 y Fe(COMP_CWORD)24
-b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48
-b Fb(63)2025 771 y Fe(COMP_KEY)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(64)2025
-860 y Fe(COMP_LINE)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(63)2025 948 y Fe(COMP_POINT)24
-b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48
-b Fb(64)2025 1036 y Fe(COMP_TYPE)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(64)2025 1125
-y Fe(COMP_WORDBREAKS)15 b Fc(.)g(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)40
-b Fb(64)2025 1213 y Fe(COMP_WORDS)24 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48 b Fb(64)2025 1302
-y Fe(completion-prefix-display-leng)q(th)9 b Fc(.)18
-b(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(97)2025
-1390 y Fe(completion-query-items)27 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)48
-b Fb(97)2025 1479 y Fe(COMPREPLY)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(64)2025 1567
-y Fe(convert-meta)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(98)2025 1807 y Fr(D)2025 1925 y Fe(DIRSTACK)7
-b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(64)2025 2014 y Fe(disable-completion)10
-b Fc(.)17 b(.)12 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)36 b Fb(98)2025
-2272 y Fr(E)2025 2390 y Fe(editing-mode)22 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45
-b Fb(98)2025 2479 y Fe(EMACS)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
-b Fb(64)2025 2567 y Fe(enable-keypad)18 b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43 b Fb(98)2025 2656 y Fe(EUID)13
-b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(65)2025 2744 y Fe(expand-tilde)22
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-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45
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-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46 b Fb(99)2025 299 y
-Fr(P)2025 415 y Fe(page-completions)13 b Fc(.)j(.)c(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)39 b Fb(99)2025 502 y Fe(PATH)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
-b Fb(61)2025 589 y Fe(PIPESTATUS)24 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48 b Fb(67)2025 677 y
-Fe(POSIXLY_CORRECT)15 b Fc(.)g(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)40
-b Fb(68)2025 764 y Fe(PPID)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
-b Fb(68)2025 851 y Fe(PROMPT_COMMAND)16 b Fc(.)f(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)42 b Fb(68)2025 938 y Fe(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)16
-b Fc(.)f(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)42 b
-Fb(68)2025 1026 y Fe(PS1)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
-b Fb(61)2025 1113 y Fe(PS2)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
-b Fb(61)2025 1200 y Fe(PS3)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
-b Fb(68)2025 1287 y Fe(PS4)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
-b Fb(68)2025 1374 y Fe(PWD)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
-b Fb(68)2025 1607 y Fr(R)2025 1724 y Fe(RANDOM)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35
-b Fb(68)2025 1811 y Fe(REPLY)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
-b Fb(68)2025 1898 y Fe(revert-all-at-newline)28 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)49 b Fb(100)2025 2131 y Fr(S)2025 2247 y Fe(SECONDS)8
-b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(68)2025 2334 y Fe(SHELL)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
-b Fb(68)2025 2422 y Fe(SHELLOPTS)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(68)2025 2509
-y Fe(SHLVL)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(69)2025 2596
-y Fe(show-all-if-ambiguous)28 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)49 b Fb(100)2025
-2683 y Fe(show-all-if-unmodified)26 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48 b Fb(100)2025
-2916 y Fr(T)2025 3032 y Fe(TEXTDOMAIN)25 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)49 b Fb(7)2025
-3120 y Fe(TEXTDOMAINDIR)21 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)45 b Fb(7)2025 3207 y Fe(TIMEFORMAT)24
-b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48
-b Fb(69)2025 3294 y Fe(TMOUT)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
-b Fb(69)2025 3381 y Fe(TMPDIR)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b
-Fb(69)2025 3614 y Fr(U)2025 3730 y Fe(UID)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)40 b Fb(69)2025 3963 y Fr(V)2025 4079 y Fe(visible-stats)17
-b Fc(.)e(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)43 b
-Fb(100)150 4353 y Fr(D.4)68 b(F)-11 b(unction)44 b(Index)150
-4675 y(A)150 4792 y Fe(abort)27 b(\(C-g\))8 b Fc(.)13
-b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34
-b Fb(112)150 4880 y Fe(accept-line)28 b(\(Newline)g(or)e(Return\))11
-b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(107)150
-4968 y Fe(alias-expand-line)29 b(\(\))13 b Fc(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39
-b Fb(114)150 5223 y Fr(B)150 5340 y Fe(backward-char)29
-b(\(C-b\))15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)41 b Fb(106)2025
-4675 y Fe(backward-delete-char)30 b(\(Rubout\))18 b Fc(.)c(.)f(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)44 b Fb(108)2025 4786
-y Fe(backward-kill-line)29 b(\(C-x)e(Rubout\))d Fc(.)12
-b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)48 b Fb(109)2025
-4896 y Fe(backward-kill-word)29 b(\(\))12 b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
-b Fb(109)2025 5007 y Fe(backward-kill-word)29 b(\(M-)2873
-5004 y Fg(h)p 2898 4951 146 4 v 2898 5007 a Ff(DEL)p
-2898 5023 V 3040 5004 a Fg(i)3070 5007 y Fe(\))20 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46 b
-Fb(109)2025 5118 y Fe(backward-word)28 b(\(M-b\))15 b
-Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)41 b Fb(106)2025 5229 y Fe(beginning-of-history)
-30 b(\(M-<\))24 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)49 b Fb(107)2025 5340 y Fe(beginning-of-line)29
-b(\(C-a\))9 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(106)p eop end
+b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(L)150 415 y Fe(LANG)23
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-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
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-3267 y Fe(dynamic-complete-history)31 b(\(M-)1234 3264
-y Fg(h)p 1259 3211 V 1259 3267 a Ff(T)-6 b(AB)p 1259
-3282 V 1403 3264 a Fg(i)1432 3267 y Fe(\))10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)36 b Fb(112)150 3552 y Fr(E)150 3681 y Fe
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-(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(114)150 3774 y Fe(end-kbd-macro)29
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-b Fb(107)150 3962 y Fe(end-of-line)28 b(\(C-e\))18 b
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-(.)h(.)34 b Fb(114)2025 299 y Fr(H)2025 431 y Fe
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-(.)h(.)f(.)40 b Fb(114)2025 526 y Fe(history-expand-line)30
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+end
 %%Page: 156 162
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-b Fb(3)2025 299 y Fr(P)2025 415 y Fb(parameter)26 b(expansion)14
-b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)40 b Fb(20)2025 502 y(parameters)14
-b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
-b Fb(16)2025 589 y(parameters,)27 b(p)r(ositional)9 b
-Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)34 b Fb(16)2025 677 y(parameters,)27
-b(sp)r(ecial)e Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)49
-b Fb(17)2025 764 y(pathname)25 b(expansion)19 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)44 b Fb(24)2025 851 y(pattern)25
-b(matc)n(hing)18 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43
-b Fb(25)2025 938 y(pip)r(eline)15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)42 b
-Fb(8)2025 1026 y(POSIX)8 b Fc(.)j(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)35 b Fb(3)2025
-1113 y(POSIX)24 b(Mo)r(de)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b Fb(85)2025 1200 y(pro)r(cess)26
-b(group)7 b Fc(.)13 b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)34 b Fb(3)2025 1287 y(pro)r(cess)26 b(group)g(ID)e
-Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)50
-b Fb(3)2025 1374 y(pro)r(cess)26 b(substitution)10 b
-Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)36 b Fb(23)2025 1462
-y(programmable)27 b(completion)16 b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)42 b Fb(115)2025
-1549 y(prompting)7 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(83)2025 1799 y Fr(Q)2025
-1915 y Fb(quoting)19 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46 b Fb(6)2025
-2002 y(quoting,)26 b(ANSI)12 b Fc(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)39 b Fb(6)2025 2251 y Fr(R)2025 2368
-y Fb(Readline,)26 b(ho)n(w)g(to)g(use)14 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)40 b Fb(92)2025 2455 y(redirection)21 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)46 b Fb(26)2025
-2542 y(reserv)n(ed)25 b(w)n(ord)f Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)50 b Fb(3)2025 2629 y(restricted)26
-b(shell)8 b Fc(.)13 b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
-34 b Fb(84)2025 2716 y(return)25 b(status)19 b Fc(.)13
-b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)45
-b Fb(4)2025 2949 y Fr(S)2025 3066 y Fb(shell)26 b(arithmetic)12
-b Fc(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38
-b Fb(78)2025 3153 y(shell)26 b(function)11 b Fc(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(14)2025 3240
-y(shell)26 b(script)18 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)44 b Fb(34)2025 3327 y(shell)26
-b(v)l(ariable)17 b Fc(.)c(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)f(.)43 b Fb(16)2025 3414 y(shell,)26 b(in)n(teractiv)n(e)16
-b Fc(.)d(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)42 b
-Fb(75)2025 3502 y(signal)14 b Fc(.)f(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)40
-b Fb(4)2025 3589 y(signal)27 b(handling)18 b Fc(.)13
-b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)44 b Fb(33)2025
-3676 y(sp)r(ecial)27 b(builtin)12 b Fc(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(4,)26 b(59)2025 3763 y(startup)f(\014les)20
-b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)45
-b Fb(73)2025 3851 y(susp)r(ending)25 b(jobs)7 b Fc(.)14
-b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)33 b Fb(89)2025
-4100 y Fr(T)2025 4216 y Fb(tilde)26 b(expansion)19 b
-Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)45
-b Fb(19)2025 4304 y(tok)n(en)18 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45
-b Fb(4)2025 4391 y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)9
-b Fc(.)14 b(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)35 b Fb(7)2025 4640 y Fr(V)2025 4756 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)26
-b(shell)7 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
-h(.)32 b Fb(16)2025 4844 y(v)l(ariables,)27 b(readline)7
-b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(97)2025
-5093 y Fr(W)2025 5209 y Fb(w)n(ord)10 b Fc(.)i(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
-(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
-f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)36
-b Fb(4)2025 5297 y(w)n(ord)26 b(splitting)21 b Fc(.)12
-b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
-(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)46
-b Fb(24)2025 5546 y Fr(Y)2025 5662 y Fb(y)n(anking)25
-b(text)7 b Fc(.)k(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
-(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
-g(.)33 b Fb(95)p eop end
+b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(157)150 299 y Fr(J)150 415 y Fb(job)16
+b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)43 b Fb(3)150
+503 y(job)26 b(con)n(trol)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
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+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(3,)26 b(89)150 753
+y Fr(K)150 870 y Fb(kill)g(ring)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
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+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
+b Fb(95)150 957 y(killing)27 b(text)19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
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+Fb(95)150 1208 y Fr(L)150 1324 y Fb(lo)r(calization)14
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+(:)f(:)g(:)41 b Fb(7)150 1412 y(login)27 b(shell)17 b
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+g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(73)150 1662 y Fr(M)150 1779 y Fb(matc)n(hing,)26
+b(pattern)20 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
+b Fb(24)150 1866 y(metac)n(haracter)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(3)150 2100
+y Fr(N)150 2217 y Fb(name)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
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+b Fb(3)150 2304 y(nativ)n(e)25 b(languages)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f
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+(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(94)150 2642 y Fr(O)150 2759 y Fb(op)r(erator,)27
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+g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(3)150 3009 y Fr(P)150 3126 y Fb(parameter)26
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+b Fb(19)150 3213 y(parameters)17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
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+3300 y(parameters,)27 b(p)r(ositional)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
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+g(:)44 b Fb(16)150 3388 y(parameters,)27 b(sp)r(ecial)18
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+3475 y(pathname)25 b(expansion)12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
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+g(:)38 b Fb(24)150 3563 y(pattern)25 b(matc)n(hing)14
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+b Fb(3)150 3825 y(POSIX)25 b(Mo)r(de)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
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+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)46
+b Fb(115)150 4262 y(prompting)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
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+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)37 b Fb(82)2025
+299 y Fr(Q)2025 419 y Fb(quoting)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
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+b Fb(6)2025 508 y(quoting,)26 b(ANSI)13 b Fc(:)e(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)40 b Fb(6)2025
+768 y Fr(R)2025 888 y Fb(Readline,)26 b(ho)n(w)g(to)g(use)7
+b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
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+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)48 b Fb(4)2025 1487 y Fr(S)2025 1607 y
+Fb(shell)26 b(arithmetic)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)37 b Fb(78)2025 1696 y(shell)26 b(function)12
+b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)38
+b Fb(14)2025 1785 y(shell)26 b(script)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
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+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b
+Fb(33)2025 1874 y(shell)26 b(v)l(ariable)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(15)2025
+1964 y(shell,)26 b(in)n(teractiv)n(e)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
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+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40 b Fb(75)2025 2053 y(signal)7
+b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(4)2025 2142
+y(signal)27 b(handling)17 b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(32)2025 2231 y(sp)r(ecial)27
+b(builtin)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+37 b Fb(4,)26 b(59)2025 2320 y(startup)f(\014les)d Fc(:)13
+b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48
+b Fb(73)2025 2409 y(susp)r(ending)25 b(jobs)6 b Fc(:)14
+b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33
+b Fb(89)2025 2669 y Fr(T)2025 2789 y Fb(tilde)26 b(expansion)18
+b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45
+b Fb(19)2025 2878 y(tok)n(en)11 b Fc(:)h(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)38
+b Fb(4)2025 2967 y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)13
+b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(7)2025 3227 y Fr(V)2025 3347 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)26
+b(shell)8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(15)2025 3436 y(v)l(ariables,)27 b(readline)21
+b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
+b Fb(97)2025 3695 y Fr(W)2025 3815 y Fb(w)n(ord)21 b
+Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(4)2025 3904
+y(w)n(ord)26 b(splitting)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(23)2025 4164 y Fr(Y)2025
+4284 y Fb(y)n(anking)25 b(text)9 b Fc(:)j(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)35 b Fb(95)p eop
+end
 %%Page: 158 164
-TeXDict begin 158 163 bop 150 -116 a Ft(158)2527 b(Bash)31
-b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
+TeXDict begin 158 163 bop eop end
 %%Trailer
 
 userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
diff --git a/doc/bashref.texi b/doc/bashref.texi
index c310664c..bf8e3d03 100644
--- a/doc/bashref.texi
+++ b/doc/bashref.texi
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ are preserved on all copies.
 
 @quotation
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
 Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU Manual'',
 and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below.  A copy of the license is
@@ -498,6 +498,7 @@ alert (bell)
 @item \b
 backspace
 @item \e
+@itemx \E
 an escape character (not ANSI C)
 @item \f
 form feed
@@ -513,6 +514,8 @@ vertical tab
 backslash
 @item \'
 single quote
+@item \"
+double quote
 @item \@var{nnn}
 the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value @var{nnn}
 (one to three digits)
@@ -777,7 +780,7 @@ in @var{consequent-commands}, or zero if none was executed.
 The syntax of the @code{for} command is:
 
 @example
-for @var{name} [in @var{words} @dots{}]; do @var{commands}; done
+for @var{name} [ [in [@var{words} @dots{}] ] ; ] do @var{commands}; done
 @end example
 Expand @var{words}, and execute @var{commands} once for each member
 in the resultant list, with @var{name} bound to the current member.
@@ -864,7 +867,7 @@ operator terminates a pattern list.
 A list of patterns and an associated command-list is known
 as a @var{clause}.
 
-Each clause must be terminated with @samp{;;}, @samp{,&}, or @samp{;;&}.
+Each clause must be terminated with @samp{;;}, @samp{;&}, or @samp{;;&}.
 The @var{word} undergoes tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command
 substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal before matching is
 attempted.  Each @var{pattern} undergoes tilde expansion, parameter
@@ -976,6 +979,9 @@ substitution, and quote removal are performed.
 Conditional operators such as @samp{-f} must be unquoted to be recognized
 as primaries.
 
+When used with @samp{[[}, The @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+
 When the @samp{==} and @samp{!=} operators are used, the string to the
 right of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according
 to the rules described below in @ref{Pattern Matching}.
@@ -1177,14 +1183,18 @@ positional parameters is updated to reflect the change.
 Special parameter @code{0} is unchanged.
 The first element of the @env{FUNCNAME} variable is set to the
 name of the function while the function is executing.
+
 All other aspects of the shell execution
 environment are identical between a function and its caller
-with the exception that the @env{DEBUG} and @env{RETURN} traps
+with these exceptions:
+the @env{DEBUG} and @env{RETURN} traps
 are not inherited unless the function has been given the
 @code{trace} attribute using the @code{declare} builtin or
 the @code{-o functrace} option has been enabled with
 the @code{set} builtin,
-(in which case all functions inherit the @env{DEBUG} and @env{RETURN} traps).
+(in which case all functions inherit the @env{DEBUG} and @env{RETURN} traps),
+and the @env{ERR} trap is not inherited unless the @code{-o errtrace}
+shell option has been enabled.
 @xref{Bourne Shell Builtins}, for the description of the
 @code{trap} builtin.
 
@@ -1461,7 +1471,7 @@ bash$ echo a@{d,c,b@}e
 ade ace abe
 @end example
 
-A sequence expression takes the form @code{@{@var{x}..@var{y}[@var{incr}]@}},
+A sequence expression takes the form @code{@{@var{x}..@var{y}[..@var{incr}]@}},
 where @var{x} and @var{y} are either integers or single characters,
 and @var{incr}, an optional increment, is an integer.
 When integers are supplied, the expression expands to each number between
@@ -1601,7 +1611,7 @@ or when @var{parameter}
 is followed by a character that is not to be
 interpreted as part of its name.
 
-If the first character of @var{parameter} is an exclamation point,
+If the first character of @var{parameter} is an exclamation point (!),
 a level of variable indirection is introduced.
 Bash uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of
 @var{parameter} as the name of the variable; this variable is then
@@ -1767,7 +1777,7 @@ array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
 @itemx $@{@var{parameter},,@var{pattern}@}
 This expansion modifies the case of alphabetic characters in @var{parameter}.
 The @var{pattern} is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
-pathname expansion.
+filename expansion.
 The @samp{^} operator converts lowercase letters matching @var{pattern}
 to uppercase; the @samp{,} operator converts matching uppercase letters
 to lowercase.
@@ -1941,7 +1951,7 @@ an error message is printed and the command is not executed.
 If the shell option @code{nocaseglob} is enabled, the match is performed
 without regard to the case of alphabetic characters.
 
-When a pattern is used for filename generation, the character @samp{.}
+When a pattern is used for filename expansion, the character @samp{.}
 at the start of a filename or immediately following a slash
 must be matched explicitly, unless the shell option @code{dotglob} is set.
 When matching a file name, the slash character must always be
@@ -2084,6 +2094,14 @@ simple command or may follow a command.
 Redirections are processed in the order they appear, from
 left to right.
 
+Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number
+may instead be preceded by a word of the form @{@var{varname}@}.
+In this case, for each redirection operator except
+>&- and <&-, the shell will allocate a file descriptor greater
+than 10 and assign it to @{@var{varname}@}.  If >&- or <&- is preceded
+by @{@var{varname}@}, the value of @var{varname} defines the file
+descriptor to close.
+
 In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is
 omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is
 @samp{<}, the redirection refers to the standard input (file
@@ -2765,8 +2783,14 @@ Many of the builtins have been extended by @sc{posix} or Bash.
 Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented as accepting
 options preceded by @samp{-} accepts @samp{--}
 to signify the end of the options.
-For example, the @code{:}, @code{true}, @code{false}, and @code{test}
-builtins do not accept options.
+The @code{:}, @code{true}, @code{false}, and @code{test}
+builtins do not accept options and do not treat @samp{--} specially.
+The @code{exit}, @code{logout}, @code{break}, @code{continue}, @code{let},
+and @code{shift} builtins accept and process arguments beginning
+with @samp{-} without requiring @samp{--}.
+Other builtins that accept arguments but are not specified as accepting
+options interpret arguments beginning with @samp{-} as invalid options and
+require @samp{--} to prevent this interpretation.
 
 @node Bourne Shell Builtins
 @section Bourne Shell Builtins
@@ -3159,15 +3183,20 @@ The @option{-l} option causes the shell to print a list of signal names
 and their corresponding numbers.
 Each @var{sigspec} is either a signal name or a signal number.
 Signal names are case insensitive and the @code{SIG} prefix is optional.
+
 If a @var{sigspec}
 is @code{0} or @code{EXIT}, @var{arg} is executed when the shell exits.
 If a @var{sigspec} is @code{DEBUG}, the command @var{arg} is executed
 before every simple command, @code{for} command, @code{case} command,
 @code{select} command, every arithmetic @code{for} command, and before
 the first command executes in a shell function.
-Refer to the description of the @code{extglob} option to the
+Refer to the description of the @code{extdebug} option to the
 @code{shopt} builtin (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}) for details of its
 effect on the @code{DEBUG} trap.
+If a @var{sigspec} is @code{RETURN}, the command @var{arg} is executed
+each time a shell function or a script executed with the @code{.} or
+@code{source} builtins finishes executing.
+
 If a @var{sigspec} is @code{ERR}, the command @var{arg} 
 is executed whenever a simple command has a non-zero exit status,
 subject to the following conditions.
@@ -3178,13 +3207,10 @@ part of a command executed in a @code{&&} or @code{||} list,
 or if the command's return
 status is being inverted using @code{!}.
 These are the same conditions obeyed by the @code{errexit} option.
-If a @var{sigspec} is @code{RETURN}, the command @var{arg} is executed
-each time a shell function or a script executed with the @code{.} or
-@code{source} builtins finishes executing.
 
 Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
 Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original
-values in a child process when it is created.
+values in a subshell or subshell environment when one is created.
 
 The return status is zero unless a @var{sigspec} does not specify a
 valid signal.
@@ -3625,7 +3651,7 @@ parent.
 mapfile [-n @var{count}] [-O @var{origin}] [-s @var{count}] [-t] [-u @var{fd}] [
 -C @var{callback}] [-c @var{quantum}] [@var{array}]
 @end example
-Read lines from the standard input into array variable @var{array},
+Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable @var{array},
 or from file descriptor @var{fd}
 if the @option{-u} option is supplied.
 The variable @code{MAPFILE} is the default @var{array}.
@@ -3640,7 +3666,7 @@ The default index is 0.
 @item -s
 Discard the first @var{count} lines read.
 @item -t
-Remove a trailing line from each line read.
+Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
 @item -u
 Read lines from file descriptor @var{fd} instead of the standard input.
 @item -C
@@ -3661,7 +3687,8 @@ If not supplied with an explicit origin, @code{mapfile} will clear @var{array}
 before assigning to it.
 
 @code{mapfile} returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
-argument is supplied, or @var{array} is invalid or unassignable.
+argument is supplied, @var{array} is invalid or unassignable, or @var{array}
+is not an indexed array.
 
 @item printf
 @btindex printf
@@ -3696,7 +3723,7 @@ non-zero on failure.
 @item read
 @btindex read
 @example
-read [-ers] [-a @var{aname}] [-d @var{delim}] [-i @var{text}] [-n @var{nchars}] [-p @var{prompt}] [-t @var{timeout}] [-u @var{fd}] [@var{name} @dots{}]
+read [-ers] [-a @var{aname}] [-d @var{delim}] [-i @var{text}] [-n @var{nchars}] [-N @var{nchars}] [-p @var{prompt}] [-t @var{timeout}] [-u @var{fd}] [@var{name} @dots{}]
 @end example
 One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
 @var{fd} supplied as an argument to the @option{-u} option, and the first word
@@ -3739,7 +3766,16 @@ the editing buffer before editing begins.
 
 @item -n @var{nchars}
 @code{read} returns after reading @var{nchars} characters rather than
-waiting for a complete line of input.
+waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter if fewer
+than @var{nchars} characters are read before the delimiter.
+
+@item -N @var{nchars}
+@code{read} returns after reading exactly @var{nchars} characters rather
+than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or
+@code{read} times out.
+Delimiter characters encountered in the input are
+not treated specially and do not cause @code{read} to return until
+@var{nchars} characters are read.
 
 @item -p @var{prompt}
 Display @var{prompt}, without a trailing newline, before attempting
@@ -3779,7 +3815,7 @@ Read input from file descriptor @var{fd}.
 readarray [-n @var{count}] [-O @var{origin}] [-s @var{count}] [-t] [-u @var{fd}] [
 -C @var{callback}] [-c @var{quantum}] [@var{array}]
 @end example
-Read lines from the standard input into array variable @var{array},
+Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable @var{array},
 or from file descriptor @var{fd}
 if the @option{-u} option is supplied.
 
@@ -4007,7 +4043,7 @@ separately (@pxref{Command Execution Environment}), and may cause
 subshells to exit before executing all the commands in the subshell.
 
 @item -f
-Disable file name generation (globbing).
+Disable filename expansion (globbing).
 
 @item -h
 Locate and remember (hash) commands as they are looked up for execution.
@@ -4124,8 +4160,8 @@ Same as @code{-x}.
 Turn on privileged mode.
 In this mode, the @env{$BASH_ENV} and @env{$ENV} files are not
 processed, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
-and the @env{SHELLOPTS}, @env{CDPATH} and @env{GLOBIGNORE}  variables,
-if they appear in the environment, are ignored.
+and the @env{SHELLOPTS}, @env{BASHOPTS}, @env{CDPATH} and @env{GLOBIGNORE}
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored.
 If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
 real user (group) id, and the @code{-p} option is not supplied, these actions
 are taken and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
@@ -4391,7 +4427,7 @@ performed within @code{$@{@var{parameter}@}} expansions
 enclosed in double quotes.  This option is enabled by default. 
 
 @item failglob
-If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during pathname expansion
+If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during filename expansion
 result in an expansion error.
 
 @item force_fignore
@@ -4638,6 +4674,16 @@ variables for controlling the job control facilities
 @item BASH
 The full pathname used to execute the current instance of Bash.
 
+@item BASHOPTS
+A colon-separated list of enabled shell options.  Each word in
+the list is a valid argument for the @option{-s} option to the
+@code{shopt} builtin command (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}).
+The options appearing in @env{BASHOPTS} are those reported
+as @samp{on} by @samp{shopt}.
+If this variable is in the environment when Bash
+starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
+reading any startup files.  This variable is readonly.
+
 @item BASHPID
 Expands to the process id of the current Bash process.
 This differs from @code{$$} under certain circumstances, such as subshells
@@ -4750,6 +4796,20 @@ The value of @env{MACHTYPE}.
 @item BASH_VERSION
 The version number of the current instance of Bash.
 
+@item BASH_XTRACEFD
+If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, Bash
+will write the trace output generated when @samp{set -x}
+is enabled to that file descriptor.
+This allows tracing output to be separated from diagnostic and error
+messages.
+The file descriptor is closed when @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} is unset or assigned
+a new value.
+Unsetting @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} or assigning it the empty string causes the
+trace output to be sent to the standard error.
+Note that setting @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} to 2 (the standard error file
+descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error
+being closed.
+
 @item COLUMNS
 Used by the @code{select} builtin command to determine the terminal width
 when printing selection lists.  Automatically set upon receipt of a
@@ -4962,7 +5022,8 @@ is running;
 the next time hostname completion is attempted after the
 value is changed, Bash adds the contents of the new file to the
 existing list.
-If @env{HOSTFILE} is set, but has no value, Bash attempts to read 
+If @env{HOSTFILE} is set, but has no value, or does not name a readable file,
+Bash attempts to read 
 @file{/etc/hosts} to obtain the list of possible hostname completions.
 When @env{HOSTFILE} is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
 
@@ -5482,8 +5543,9 @@ allow them to be specified.
 If Bash is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
 real user (group) id, and the @code{-p} option is not supplied, no startup
 files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
-the @env{SHELLOPTS} variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored,
-and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
+the @env{SHELLOPTS}, @env{BASHOPTS}, @env{CDPATH}, and @env{GLOBIGNORE}
+variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective
+user id is set to the real user id.
 If the @code{-p} option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is
 the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
 
@@ -5660,6 +5722,9 @@ If the @var{file} argument to one of the primaries is one of
 @file{/dev/stdin}, @file{/dev/stdout}, or @file{/dev/stderr}, file
 descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively, is checked.
 
+When used with @samp{[[}, The @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale.
+
 Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow symbolic
 links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link itself.
 
@@ -5752,19 +5817,18 @@ True if the length of @var{string} is zero.
 True if the length of @var{string} is non-zero.
 
 @item @var{string1} == @var{string2}
+@itemx @var{string1} = @var{string2}
 True if the strings are equal.
-@samp{=} may be used in place of @samp{==} for strict @sc{posix} compliance.
+@samp{=} should be used with the @code{test} command for @sc{posix} conformance.
 
 @item @var{string1} != @var{string2}
 True if the strings are not equal.
 
 @item @var{string1} < @var{string2}
-True if @var{string1} sorts before @var{string2} lexicographically
-in the current locale.
+True if @var{string1} sorts before @var{string2} lexicographically.
 
 @item @var{string1} > @var{string2}
-True if @var{string1} sorts after @var{string2} lexicographically
-in the current locale.
+True if @var{string1} sorts after @var{string2} lexicographically.
 
 @item @var{arg1} OP @var{arg2}
 @code{OP} is one of 
@@ -6032,11 +6096,14 @@ If @var{subscript} is @samp{@@} or
 Referencing an array variable without a subscript is equivalent to
 referencing with a subscript of 0. 
 
+An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a
+value.  The null string is a valid value.
+
 The @code{unset} builtin is used to destroy arrays.
 @code{unset} @var{name}[@var{subscript}]
 destroys the array element at index @var{subscript}.
 Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename
-generation.
+expansion.
 @code{unset} @var{name}, where @var{name} is an array, removes the
 entire array. A subscript of @samp{*} or @samp{@@} also removes the
 entire array.
@@ -6512,6 +6579,11 @@ escape characters are converted.
 The @code{ulimit} builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the @option{-c}
 and @option{-f} options.
 
+@item
+The arrival of @code{SIGCHLD}  when a trap is set on @code{SIGCHLD} does
+not interrupt the @code{wait} builtin and cause it to return immediately.
+The trap command is run once for each child that exits.
+
 @end enumerate
 
 There is other @sc{posix} behavior that Bash does not implement by
@@ -6561,7 +6633,7 @@ refers to the ability to selectively stop (suspend)
 the execution of processes and continue (resume)
 their execution at a later point.  A user typically employs
 this facility via an interactive interface supplied jointly
-by the system's terminal driver and Bash.
+by the operating system kernel's terminal driver and Bash.
 
 The shell associates a @var{job} with each pipeline.  It keeps a
 table of currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the
@@ -6586,11 +6658,13 @@ process group @sc{id} is equal to the current terminal process group
 These processes are said to be in the foreground.  Background
 processes are those whose process group @sc{id} differs from the
 terminal's; such processes are immune to keyboard-generated
-signals.  Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or
-write to the terminal.  Background processes which attempt to
-read from (write to) the terminal are sent a @code{SIGTTIN}
-(@code{SIGTTOU}) signal by the terminal driver, which, unless
-caught, suspends the process. 
+signals.  Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or, if
+the user so specifies with @code{stty tostop}, write to the terminal.
+Background processes which attempt to
+read from (write to when @code{stty tostop} is in effect) the
+terminal are sent a @code{SIGTTIN} (@code{SIGTTOU})
+signal by the kernel's terminal driver,
+which, unless caught, suspends the process. 
 
 If the operating system on which Bash is running supports
 job control, Bash contains facilities to use it.  Typing the
@@ -7225,6 +7299,10 @@ Include support for the @code{((@dots{}))} command
 Include support for the extended pattern matching features described
 above under @ref{Pattern Matching}.
 
+@item --enable-extended-glob-default
+Set the default value of the @var{extglob} shell option described
+above under @ref{The Shopt Builtin} to be enabled.
+
 @item --enable-help-builtin
 Include the @code{help} builtin, which displays help on shell builtins and
 variables (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
@@ -7318,7 +7396,7 @@ But first, you should
 make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
 version of Bash.
 The latest version of Bash is always available for FTP from
-@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/bash/}.
+@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/}.
 
 Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the
 @code{bashbug} command to submit a bug report.
diff --git a/doc/builtins.0 b/doc/builtins.0
index faf90a00..a721e389 100644
--- a/doc/builtins.0
+++ b/doc/builtins.0
@@ -14,8 +14,12 @@ NNAAMMEE
 BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
        Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented in this section
        as accepting options preceded by -- accepts ---- to signify the end of the
-       options.   For  example,  the  ::, ttrruuee, ffaallssee, and tteesstt builtins do not
-       accept options.
+       options.   The  ::, ttrruuee, ffaallssee, and tteesstt builtins do not accept options
+       and do not treat ---- specially.  The eexxiitt, llooggoouutt, bbrreeaakk, ccoonnttiinnuuee, lleett,
+       and  sshhiifftt builtins accept and process arguments beginning with -- with-
+       out requiring ----.  Other builtins that accept  arguments  but  are  not
+       specified  as accepting options interpret arguments beginning with -- as
+       invalid options and require ---- to prevent this interpretation.
        :: [_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s]
               No effect; the command does nothing beyond  expanding  _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s
               and  performing any specified redirections.  A zero exit code is
@@ -184,18 +188,22 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               The  return  value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
               or no matches were generated.
 
-       ccoommpplleettee [--aabbccddeeffggjjkkssuuvv] [--oo _c_o_m_p_-_o_p_t_i_o_n] [--EE] [--AA _a_c_t_i_o_n] [--GG _g_l_o_b_p_a_t]
-       [--WW _w_o_r_d_l_i_s_t] [--FF _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n] [--CC _c_o_m_m_a_n_d]
+       ccoommpplleettee [--aabbccddeeffggjjkkssuuvv] [--oo _c_o_m_p_-_o_p_t_i_o_n] [--DDEE] [--AA _a_c_t_i_o_n]  [--GG  _g_l_o_b_-
+       _p_a_t] [--WW _w_o_r_d_l_i_s_t] [--FF _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n] [--CC _c_o_m_m_a_n_d]
               [--XX _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t] [--PP _p_r_e_f_i_x] [--SS _s_u_f_f_i_x] _n_a_m_e [_n_a_m_e _._._.]
-       ccoommpplleettee --pprr [--EE] [_n_a_m_e ...]
+       ccoommpplleettee --pprr [--DDEE] [_n_a_m_e ...]
               Specify how arguments to each _n_a_m_e should be completed.  If  the
               --pp  option  is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
               completion specifications are printed in a way that allows  them
               to be reused as input.  The --rr option removes a completion spec-
               ification for each _n_a_m_e, or, if no _n_a_m_es are supplied, all  com-
-              pletion  specifications.   The  --EE  option  indicates  that  the
-              remaining options and actions should apply to ``empty''  command
-              completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+              pletion  specifications.   The  --DD  option  indicates  that  the
+              remaining options and actions should apply  to  the  ``default''
+              command  completion;  that is, completion attempted on a command
+              for which no completion has previously  been  defined.   The  --EE
+              option  indicates  that the remaining options and actions should
+              apply to  ``empty''  command  completion;  that  is,  completion
+              attempted on a blank line.
 
               The  process  of  applying  these completion specifications when
               word completion is  attempted  is  described  above  under  PPrroo--
@@ -275,7 +283,7 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                               Names of all shell variables.  May also be spec-
                               ified as --vv.
               --GG _g_l_o_b_p_a_t
-                      The filename expansion pattern _g_l_o_b_p_a_t  is  expanded  to
+                      The pathname expansion pattern _g_l_o_b_p_a_t  is  expanded  to
                       generate the possible completions.
               --WW _w_o_r_d_l_i_s_t
                       The  _w_o_r_d_l_i_s_t  is  split using the characters in the IIFFSS
@@ -292,7 +300,7 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                       pletions are retrieved from the value of  the  CCOOMMPPRREEPPLLYY
                       array variable.
               --XX _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t
-                      _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t  is  a pattern as used for filename expansion.
+                      _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t  is  a pattern as used for pathname expansion.
                       It is applied to the list of possible completions gener-
                       ated  by  the  preceding options and arguments, and each
                       completion matching _f_i_l_t_e_r_p_a_t is removed from the  list.
@@ -311,129 +319,134 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               for a _n_a_m_e for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
               adding a completion specification.
 
-       ccoommppoopptt [--oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [++oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [_n_a_m_e]
+       ccoommppoopptt [--oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [--DDEE] [++oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [_n_a_m_e]
               Modify  completion  options  for  each  _n_a_m_e  according  to  the
               _o_p_t_i_o_ns, or for the currently-execution completion if  no  _n_a_m_es
               are  supplied.   If no _o_p_t_i_o_ns are given, display the completion
               options for each _n_a_m_e or the current completion.   The  possible
               values  of  _o_p_t_i_o_n  are  those  valid  for  the ccoommpplleettee builtin
-              described above.
-
-       The return value is true unless  an  invalid  option  is  supplied,  an
-       attempt  is  made to modify the options for a _n_a_m_e for which no comple-
+              described above.  The --DD option  indicates  that  the  remaining
+              options should apply to the ``default'' command completion; that
+              is, completion attempted on a command for  which  no  completion
+              has  previously  been defined.  The --EE option indicates that the
+              remaining options should apply to ``empty'' command  completion;
+              that is, completion attempted on a blank line.
+
+       The  return  value  is  true  unless  an invalid option is supplied, an
+       attempt is made to modify the options for a _n_a_m_e for which  no  comple-
        tion specification exists, or an output error occurs.
 
        ccoonnttiinnuuee [_n]
               Resume the next iteration of the enclosing ffoorr, wwhhiillee, uunnttiill, or
-              sseelleecctt  loop.   If  _n  is specified, resume at the _nth enclosing
-              loop.  _n must be >= 1.  If _n  is  greater  than  the  number  of
-              enclosing  loops,  the  last  enclosing  loop (the ``top-level''
+              sseelleecctt loop.  If _n is specified, resume  at  the  _nth  enclosing
+              loop.   _n  must  be  >=  1.   If _n is greater than the number of
+              enclosing loops, the  last  enclosing  loop  (the  ``top-level''
               loop) is resumed.  The return value is 0 unless _n is not greater
               than or equal to 1.
 
        ddeeccllaarree [--aaAAffFFiillrrttuuxx] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
        ttyyppeesseett [--aaAAffFFiillrrttuuxx] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
-              Declare  variables and/or give them attributes.  If no _n_a_m_es are
-              given then display the values of variables.  The --pp option  will
+              Declare variables and/or give them attributes.  If no _n_a_m_es  are
+              given  then display the values of variables.  The --pp option will
               display the attributes and values of each _n_a_m_e.  When --pp is used
               with _n_a_m_e arguments, additional options are ignored.  When --pp is
-              supplied  without _n_a_m_e arguments, it will display the attributes
-              and values of all variables having the attributes  specified  by
-              the  additional  options.  If no other options are supplied with
-              --pp, ddeeccllaarree will display the attributes and values of all  shell
-              variables.   The  --ff  option  will restrict the display to shell
+              supplied without _n_a_m_e arguments, it will display the  attributes
+              and  values  of all variables having the attributes specified by
+              the additional options.  If no other options are  supplied  with
+              --pp,  ddeeccllaarree will display the attributes and values of all shell
+              variables.  The --ff option will restrict  the  display  to  shell
               functions.  The --FF option inhibits the display of function defi-
-              nitions;  only the function name and attributes are printed.  If
-              the eexxttddeebbuugg shell option is enabled  using  sshhoopptt,  the  source
+              nitions; only the function name and attributes are printed.   If
+              the  eexxttddeebbuugg  shell  option  is enabled using sshhoopptt, the source
               file name and line number where the function is defined are dis-
-              played as well.   The  --FF  option  implies  --ff.   The  following
-              options  can  be  used  to restrict output to variables with the
+              played  as  well.   The  --FF  option  implies  --ff.  The following
+              options can be used to restrict output  to  variables  with  the
               specified attribute or to give variables attributes:
-              --aa     Each _n_a_m_e  is  an  indexed  array  variable  (see  AArrrraayyss
+              --aa     Each  _n_a_m_e  is  an  indexed  array  variable  (see AArrrraayyss
                      above).
-              --AA     Each  _n_a_m_e  is  an associative array variable (see AArrrraayyss
+              --AA     Each _n_a_m_e is an associative array  variable  (see  AArrrraayyss
                      above).
               --ff     Use function names only.
               --ii     The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evalua-
-                     tion  (see  AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN )) is performed when the
-                     variable is assigned a value.
-              --ll     When the variable is assigned  a  value,  all  upper-case
-                     characters  are  converted to lower-case.  The upper-case
+                     tion (see AARRIITTHHMMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN above) is performed  when
+                     the variable is assigned a value.
+              --ll     When  the  variable  is  assigned a value, all upper-case
+                     characters are converted to lower-case.   The  upper-case
                      attribute is disabled.
               --rr     Make _n_a_m_es readonly.  These names cannot then be assigned
                      values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
-              --tt     Give  each  _n_a_m_e  the  _t_r_a_c_e attribute.  Traced functions
-                     inherit the DDEEBBUUGG  and  RREETTUURRNN  traps  from  the  calling
-                     shell.   The  trace  attribute has no special meaning for
+              --tt     Give each _n_a_m_e the  _t_r_a_c_e  attribute.   Traced  functions
+                     inherit  the  DDEEBBUUGG  and  RREETTUURRNN  traps  from the calling
+                     shell.  The trace attribute has no  special  meaning  for
                      variables.
-              --uu     When the variable is assigned  a  value,  all  lower-case
-                     characters  are  converted to upper-case.  The lower-case
+              --uu     When  the  variable  is  assigned a value, all lower-case
+                     characters are converted to upper-case.   The  lower-case
                      attribute is disabled.
-              --xx     Mark _n_a_m_es for export  to  subsequent  commands  via  the
+              --xx     Mark  _n_a_m_es  for  export  to  subsequent commands via the
                      environment.
 
-              Using  `+'  instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
+              Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute  instead,  with
               the exceptions that ++aa may not be used to destroy an array vari-
-              able  and  ++rr wwiillll nnoott rreemmoovvee tthhee rreeaaddoonnllyy aattttrriibbuuttee..  WWhheenn uusseedd
-              iinn aa ffuunnccttiioonn,, mmaakkeess eeaacchh _n_a_m_e llooccaall,, aass wwiitthh tthhee llooccaall command.
+              able and ++rr will not remove the readonly attribute.   When  used
+              in a function, makes each _n_a_m_e local, as with the llooccaall command.
               If a variable name is followed by =_v_a_l_u_e, the value of the vari-
-              able is set to _v_a_l_u_e.  The return value is 0 unless  an  invalid
-              option  is  encountered, an attempt is made to define a function
-              using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to  a
-              readonly  variable,  an  attempt is made to assign a value to an
+              able  is  set to _v_a_l_u_e.  The return value is 0 unless an invalid
+              option is encountered, an attempt is made to define  a  function
+              using  ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to assign a value to a
+              readonly variable, an attempt is made to assign a  value  to  an
               array variable without using the compound assignment syntax (see
-              AArrrraayyss  above),  one  of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a valid shell variable
+              AArrrraayyss above), one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a  valid  shell  variable
               name, an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a read-
-              only  variable,  an attempt is made to turn off array status for
-              an array variable, or an attempt is made to display a  non-exis-
+              only variable, an attempt is made to turn off array  status  for
+              an  array variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-exis-
               tent function with --ff.
 
        ddiirrss [[++_n]] [[--_n]] [[--ccppllvv]]
-              Without  options,  displays  the  list  of  currently remembered
-              directories.  The default display  is  on  a  single  line  with
-              directory  names  separated by spaces.  Directories are added to
-              the list with  the  ppuusshhdd  command;  the  ppooppdd  command  removes
+              Without options,  displays  the  list  of  currently  remembered
+              directories.   The  default  display  is  on  a single line with
+              directory names separated by spaces.  Directories are  added  to
+              the  list  with  the  ppuusshhdd  command;  the  ppooppdd command removes
               entries from the list.
               ++_n     Displays the _nth entry counting from the left of the list
                      shown by ddiirrss when invoked without options, starting with
                      zero.
-              --_n     Displays  the  _nth  entry  counting from the right of the
+              --_n     Displays the _nth entry counting from  the  right  of  the
                      list shown by ddiirrss when invoked without options, starting
                      with zero.
               --cc     Clears  the  directory  stack  by  deleting  all  of  the
                      entries.
-              --ll     Produces a longer listing;  the  default  listing  format
+              --ll     Produces  a  longer  listing;  the default listing format
                      uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
               --pp     Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
-              --vv     Print  the  directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
+              --vv     Print the directory stack with one entry per  line,  pre-
                      fixing each entry with its index in the stack.
 
-              The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or  _n
+              The  return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _n
               indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.
 
        ddiissoowwnn [--aarr] [--hh] [_j_o_b_s_p_e_c ...]
-              Without  options,  each  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  is  removed  from the table of
-              active jobs.  If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not present, and neither --aa  nnoorr  --rr
-              iiss  ssuupppplliieedd,, tthhee sshheellll''ss nnoottiioonn ooff tthhee _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b iiss uusseedd..  IIff
-              tthhee --hh ooppttiioonn iiss ggiivveenn,, eeaacchh _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not removed from the ta-
-              ble,  but is marked so that SSIIGGHHUUPP is not sent to the job if the
-              shell receives a SSIIGGHHUUPP.  If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is present, and  neither
-              the  --aa  nor the --rr option is supplied, the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b is used.
+              Without options, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  is  removed  from  the  table  of
+              active  jobs.   If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not present, and neither --aa nor --rr
+              is supplied, the shell's notion of the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b is used.   If
+              the --hh option is given, each _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not removed from the ta-
+              ble, but is marked so that SSIIGGHHUUPP is not sent to the job if  the
+              shell  receives a SSIIGGHHUUPP.  If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is present, and neither
+              the --aa nor the --rr option is supplied, the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b  is  used.
               If no _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is supplied, the --aa option means to remove or mark
-              all  jobs;  the  --rr  option without a _j_o_b_s_p_e_c argument restricts
-              operation to running jobs.  The return value is 0 unless a  _j_o_b_-
+              all jobs; the --rr option without  a  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  argument  restricts
+              operation  to running jobs.  The return value is 0 unless a _j_o_b_-
               _s_p_e_c does not specify a valid job.
 
        eecchhoo [--nneeEE] [_a_r_g ...]
-              Output  the  _a_r_gs,  separated  by spaces, followed by a newline.
+              Output the _a_r_gs, separated by spaces,  followed  by  a  newline.
               The return status is always 0.  If --nn is specified, the trailing
-              newline  is  suppressed.  If the --ee option is given, interpreta-
-              tion of the following backslash-escaped characters  is  enabled.
-              The  --EE option disables the interpretation of these escape char-
-              acters, even on systems where they are interpreted  by  default.
-              The  xxppgg__eecchhoo  shell option may be used to dynamically determine
-              whether or not eecchhoo expands these escape characters by  default.
-              eecchhoo  does  not  interpret  ---- to mean the end of options.  eecchhoo
+              newline is suppressed.  If the --ee option is  given,  interpreta-
+              tion  of  the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
+              The --EE option disables the interpretation of these escape  char-
+              acters,  even  on systems where they are interpreted by default.
+              The xxppgg__eecchhoo shell option may be used to  dynamically  determine
+              whether  or not eecchhoo expands these escape characters by default.
+              eecchhoo does not interpret ---- to mean the  end  of  options.   eecchhoo
               interprets the following escape sequences:
               \\aa     alert (bell)
               \\bb     backspace
@@ -445,187 +458,187 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               \\tt     horizontal tab
               \\vv     vertical tab
               \\\\     backslash
-              \\00_n_n_n  the eight-bit character whose value is  the  octal  value
+              \\00_n_n_n  the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the octal value
                      _n_n_n (zero to three octal digits)
-              \\xx_H_H   the  eight-bit  character  whose value is the hexadecimal
+              \\xx_H_H   the eight-bit character whose value  is  the  hexadecimal
                      value _H_H (one or two hex digits)
 
        eennaabbllee [--aa] [--ddnnppss] [--ff _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e] [_n_a_m_e ...]
-              Enable and disable builtin shell commands.  Disabling a  builtin
+              Enable  and disable builtin shell commands.  Disabling a builtin
               allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
-              to be executed without specifying a full pathname,  even  though
-              the  shell  normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
-              If --nn is used, each  _n_a_m_e  is  disabled;  otherwise,  _n_a_m_e_s  are
+              to  be  executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
+              the shell normally searches for builtins before  disk  commands.
+              If  --nn  is  used,  each  _n_a_m_e  is disabled; otherwise, _n_a_m_e_s are
               enabled.  For example, to use the tteesstt binary found via the PPAATTHH
-              instead of the shell builtin version, run  ``enable  -n  test''.
-              The  --ff  option  means to load the new builtin command _n_a_m_e from
+              instead  of  the  shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
+              The --ff option means to load the new builtin  command  _n_a_m_e  from
               shared object _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e, on systems that support dynamic loading.
-              The  --dd  option will delete a builtin previously loaded with --ff.
+              The --dd option will delete a builtin previously loaded  with  --ff.
               If no _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is supplied,
               a list of shell builtins is printed.  With no other option argu-
-              ments, the list consists of all enabled shell builtins.   If  --nn
-              is  supplied, only disabled builtins are printed.  If --aa is sup-
-              plied, the list printed includes all builtins, with  an  indica-
-              tion  of whether or not each is enabled.  If --ss is supplied, the
-              output is restricted to the POSIX _s_p_e_c_i_a_l builtins.  The  return
-              value  is  0 unless a _n_a_m_e is not a shell builtin or there is an
+              ments,  the  list consists of all enabled shell builtins.  If --nn
+              is supplied, only disabled builtins are printed.  If --aa is  sup-
+              plied,  the  list printed includes all builtins, with an indica-
+              tion of whether or not each is enabled.  If --ss is supplied,  the
+              output  is restricted to the POSIX _s_p_e_c_i_a_l builtins.  The return
+              value is 0 unless a _n_a_m_e is not a shell builtin or there  is  an
               error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
 
        eevvaall [_a_r_g ...]
-              The _a_r_gs are read and concatenated together into a  single  com-
-              mand.   This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
-              its exit status is returned as the value of eevvaall.  If there  are
+              The  _a_r_gs  are read and concatenated together into a single com-
+              mand.  This command is then read and executed by the shell,  and
+              its  exit status is returned as the value of eevvaall.  If there are
               no _a_r_g_s, or only null arguments, eevvaall returns 0.
 
        eexxeecc [--ccll] [--aa _n_a_m_e] [_c_o_m_m_a_n_d [_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s]]
-              If  _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is specified, it replaces the shell.  No new process
-              is created.  The _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s become the arguments to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.   If
+              If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is specified, it replaces the shell.  No new  process
+              is  created.  The _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s become the arguments to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.  If
               the --ll option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
-              ning of the zeroth argument passed to  _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.   This  is  what
+              ning  of  the  zeroth  argument passed to _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.  This is what
               _l_o_g_i_n(1) does.  The --cc option causes _c_o_m_m_a_n_d to be executed with
-              an empty environment.  If --aa is supplied, the shell passes  _n_a_m_e
+              an  empty environment.  If --aa is supplied, the shell passes _n_a_m_e
               as the zeroth argument to the executed command.  If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d can-
-              not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell  exits,
-              unless  the  shell  option eexxeeccffaaiill is enabled, in which case it
-              returns failure.  An interactive shell returns  failure  if  the
+              not  be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+              unless the shell option eexxeeccffaaiill is enabled, in  which  case  it
+              returns  failure.   An  interactive shell returns failure if the
               file cannot be executed.  If _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is not specified, any redi-
               rections take effect in the current shell, and the return status
-              is  0.  If there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
+              is 0.  If there is a redirection error, the return status is  1.
 
        eexxiitt [_n]
-              Cause the shell to exit with a status of _n.  If  _n  is  omitted,
+              Cause  the  shell  to exit with a status of _n.  If _n is omitted,
               the exit status is that of the last command executed.  A trap on
               EEXXIITT is executed before the shell terminates.
 
        eexxppoorrtt [--ffnn] [_n_a_m_e[=_w_o_r_d]] ...
        eexxppoorrtt --pp
-              The supplied _n_a_m_e_s are marked for automatic export to the  envi-
-              ronment  of subsequently executed commands.  If the --ff option is
-              given, the _n_a_m_e_s refer to functions.  If no _n_a_m_e_s are given,  or
-              if  the  --pp  option  is  supplied,  a list of all names that are
-              exported in this shell is printed.  The  --nn  option  causes  the
-              export  property  to  be  removed from each _n_a_m_e.  If a variable
-              name is followed by =_w_o_r_d, the value of the variable is  set  to
-              _w_o_r_d.   eexxppoorrtt  returns  an  exit  status of 0 unless an invalid
-              option is encountered, one of the _n_a_m_e_s is  not  a  valid  shell
+              The  supplied _n_a_m_e_s are marked for automatic export to the envi-
+              ronment of subsequently executed commands.  If the --ff option  is
+              given,  the _n_a_m_e_s refer to functions.  If no _n_a_m_e_s are given, or
+              if the --pp option is supplied, a  list  of  all  names  that  are
+              exported  in  this  shell  is printed.  The --nn option causes the
+              export property to be removed from each  _n_a_m_e.   If  a  variable
+              name  is  followed by =_w_o_r_d, the value of the variable is set to
+              _w_o_r_d.  eexxppoorrtt returns an exit status  of  0  unless  an  invalid
+              option  is  encountered,  one  of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a valid shell
               variable name, or --ff is supplied with a _n_a_m_e that is not a func-
               tion.
 
        ffcc [--ee _e_n_a_m_e] [--llnnrr] [_f_i_r_s_t] [_l_a_s_t]
        ffcc --ss [_p_a_t=_r_e_p] [_c_m_d]
-              Fix Command.  In the first form, a range of commands from  _f_i_r_s_t
-              to  _l_a_s_t  is selected from the history list.  _F_i_r_s_t and _l_a_s_t may
-              be specified as a string (to locate the last  command  beginning
-              with  that  string)  or  as  a number (an index into the history
+              Fix  Command.  In the first form, a range of commands from _f_i_r_s_t
+              to _l_a_s_t is selected from the history list.  _F_i_r_s_t and  _l_a_s_t  may
+              be  specified  as a string (to locate the last command beginning
+              with that string) or as a number  (an  index  into  the  history
               list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the cur-
               rent command number).  If _l_a_s_t is not specified it is set to the
-              current command for listing (so that ``fc -l  -10''  prints  the
+              current  command  for  listing (so that ``fc -l -10'' prints the
               last 10 commands) and to _f_i_r_s_t otherwise.  If _f_i_r_s_t is not spec-
-              ified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16  for
+              ified  it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for
               listing.
 
-              The  --nn option suppresses the command numbers when listing.  The
-              --rr option reverses the order of the commands.  If the --ll  option
-              is  given,  the  commands are listed on standard output.  Other-
-              wise, the editor given by _e_n_a_m_e is invoked on a file  containing
-              those  commands.  If _e_n_a_m_e is not given, the value of the FFCCEEDDIITT
-              variable is used, and the value of EEDDIITTOORR if FFCCEEDDIITT is not  set.
-              If  neither variable is set, is used.  When editing is complete,
+              The --nn option suppresses the command numbers when listing.   The
+              --rr  option reverses the order of the commands.  If the --ll option
+              is given, the commands are listed on  standard  output.   Other-
+              wise,  the editor given by _e_n_a_m_e is invoked on a file containing
+              those commands.  If _e_n_a_m_e is not given, the value of the  FFCCEEDDIITT
+              variable  is used, and the value of EEDDIITTOORR if FFCCEEDDIITT is not set.
+              If neither variable is set, is used.  When editing is  complete,
               the edited commands are echoed and executed.
 
-              In the second form, _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is re-executed after  each  instance
-              of  _p_a_t  is replaced by _r_e_p.  A useful alias to use with this is
-              ``r="fc -s"'', so that typing ``r cc''  runs  the  last  command
+              In  the  second form, _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is re-executed after each instance
+              of _p_a_t is replaced by _r_e_p.  A useful alias to use with  this  is
+              ``r="fc  -s"'',  so  that  typing ``r cc'' runs the last command
               beginning with ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last com-
               mand.
 
-              If the first form is used, the  return  value  is  0  unless  an
-              invalid  option  is encountered or _f_i_r_s_t or _l_a_s_t specify history
-              lines out of range.  If the --ee option is  supplied,  the  return
+              If  the  first  form  is  used,  the return value is 0 unless an
+              invalid option is encountered or _f_i_r_s_t or _l_a_s_t  specify  history
+              lines  out  of  range.  If the --ee option is supplied, the return
               value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an
               error occurs with the temporary file of commands.  If the second
-              form  is  used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
-              cuted, unless _c_m_d does not specify  a  valid  history  line,  in
+              form is used, the return status is that of the  command  re-exe-
+              cuted,  unless  _c_m_d  does  not  specify a valid history line, in
               which case ffcc returns failure.
 
        ffgg [_j_o_b_s_p_e_c]
-              Resume  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+              Resume _j_o_b_s_p_e_c in the foreground, and make it the  current  job.
               If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is not present, the shell's notion of the _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _j_o_b
-              is  used.   The  return value is that of the command placed into
-              the foreground, or failure if run when job control  is  disabled
+              is used.  The return value is that of the  command  placed  into
+              the  foreground,  or failure if run when job control is disabled
               or, when run with job control enabled, if _j_o_b_s_p_e_c does not spec-
-              ify a valid job or _j_o_b_s_p_e_c specifies  a  job  that  was  started
+              ify  a  valid  job  or  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c specifies a job that was started
               without job control.
 
        ggeettooppttss _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g _n_a_m_e [_a_r_g_s]
-              ggeettooppttss  is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
-              ters.  _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g contains the option  characters  to  be  recog-
-              nized;  if  a  character  is  followed by a colon, the option is
-              expected to have an argument, which should be separated from  it
-              by  white space.  The colon and question mark characters may not
-              be used as option characters.  Each time it is invoked,  ggeettooppttss
-              places  the next option in the shell variable _n_a_m_e, initializing
+              ggeettooppttss is used by shell procedures to parse positional  parame-
+              ters.   _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g  contains  the  option characters to be recog-
+              nized; if a character is followed by  a  colon,  the  option  is
+              expected  to have an argument, which should be separated from it
+              by white space.  The colon and question mark characters may  not
+              be  used as option characters.  Each time it is invoked, ggeettooppttss
+              places the next option in the shell variable _n_a_m_e,  initializing
               _n_a_m_e if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to
               be processed into the variable OOPPTTIINNDD.  OOPPTTIINNDD is initialized to
-              1 each time the shell or a shell script  is  invoked.   When  an
-              option  requires  an argument, ggeettooppttss places that argument into
-              the variable OOPPTTAARRGG.  The shell does not reset OOPPTTIINNDD  automati-
-              cally;  it  must  be  manually  reset  between multiple calls to
+              1  each  time  the  shell or a shell script is invoked.  When an
+              option requires an argument, ggeettooppttss places that  argument  into
+              the  variable OOPPTTAARRGG.  The shell does not reset OOPPTTIINNDD automati-
+              cally; it must be  manually  reset  between  multiple  calls  to
               ggeettooppttss within the same shell invocation if a new set of parame-
               ters is to be used.
 
-              When  the  end  of  options is encountered, ggeettooppttss exits with a
-              return value greater than zero.  OOPPTTIINNDD is set to the  index  of
+              When the end of options is encountered,  ggeettooppttss  exits  with  a
+              return  value  greater than zero.  OOPPTTIINNDD is set to the index of
               the first non-option argument, and nnaammee is set to ?.
 
-              ggeettooppttss  normally  parses the positional parameters, but if more
+              ggeettooppttss normally parses the positional parameters, but  if  more
               arguments are given in _a_r_g_s, ggeettooppttss parses those instead.
 
-              ggeettooppttss can report errors in two ways.  If the  first  character
-              of  _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g  is  a  colon, _s_i_l_e_n_t error reporting is used.  In
-              normal operation diagnostic messages are  printed  when  invalid
-              options  or  missing  option  arguments are encountered.  If the
-              variable OOPPTTEERRRR is set to 0, no  error  messages  will  be  dis-
+              ggeettooppttss  can  report errors in two ways.  If the first character
+              of _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g is a colon, _s_i_l_e_n_t error  reporting  is  used.   In
+              normal  operation  diagnostic  messages are printed when invalid
+              options or missing option arguments  are  encountered.   If  the
+              variable  OOPPTTEERRRR  is  set  to  0, no error messages will be dis-
               played, even if the first character of _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g is not a colon.
 
               If an invalid option is seen, ggeettooppttss places ? into _n_a_m_e and, if
-              not  silent,  prints  an  error  message  and unsets OOPPTTAARRGG.  If
-              ggeettooppttss is silent, the  option  character  found  is  placed  in
+              not silent, prints an  error  message  and  unsets  OOPPTTAARRGG.   If
+              ggeettooppttss  is  silent,  the  option  character  found is placed in
               OOPPTTAARRGG and no diagnostic message is printed.
 
-              If  a required argument is not found, and ggeettooppttss is not silent,
-              a question mark (??) is placed in _n_a_m_e, OOPPTTAARRGG is  unset,  and  a
-              diagnostic  message  is  printed.   If ggeettooppttss is silent, then a
-              colon (::) is placed in _n_a_m_e and OOPPTTAARRGG  is  set  to  the  option
+              If a required argument is not found, and ggeettooppttss is not  silent,
+              a  question  mark  (??) is placed in _n_a_m_e, OOPPTTAARRGG is unset, and a
+              diagnostic message is printed.  If ggeettooppttss  is  silent,  then  a
+              colon  (::)  is  placed  in  _n_a_m_e and OOPPTTAARRGG is set to the option
               character found.
 
-              ggeettooppttss  returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
+              ggeettooppttss returns true if an option, specified or unspecified,  is
               found.  It returns false if the end of options is encountered or
               an error occurs.
 
        hhaasshh [--llrr] [--pp _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e] [--ddtt] [_n_a_m_e]
-              For  each  _n_a_m_e, the full file name of the command is determined
+              For each _n_a_m_e, the full file name of the command  is  determined
               by searching the directories in $$PPAATTHH and remembered.  If the --pp
               option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e is
               used as the full file name of the command.  The --rr option causes
-              the  shell  to  forget  all remembered locations.  The --dd option
+              the shell to forget all remembered  locations.   The  --dd  option
               causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each _n_a_m_e.
-              If  the  --tt  option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
-              _n_a_m_e corresponds is printed.  If  multiple  _n_a_m_e  arguments  are
-              supplied  with  --tt,  the  _n_a_m_e is printed before the hashed full
+              If the --tt option is supplied, the full pathname  to  which  each
+              _n_a_m_e  corresponds  is  printed.   If multiple _n_a_m_e arguments are
+              supplied with --tt, the _n_a_m_e is printed  before  the  hashed  full
               pathname.  The --ll option causes output to be displayed in a for-
-              mat  that may be reused as input.  If no arguments are given, or
+              mat that may be reused as input.  If no arguments are given,  or
               if only --ll is supplied, information about remembered commands is
-              printed.   The  return status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is not found
+              printed.  The return status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is  not  found
               or an invalid option is supplied.
 
        hheellpp [--ddmmss] [_p_a_t_t_e_r_n]
-              Display helpful information about builtin commands.  If  _p_a_t_t_e_r_n
-              is  specified, hheellpp gives detailed help on all commands matching
-              _p_a_t_t_e_r_n; otherwise help for all the builtins and  shell  control
+              Display  helpful information about builtin commands.  If _p_a_t_t_e_r_n
+              is specified, hheellpp gives detailed help on all commands  matching
+              _p_a_t_t_e_r_n;  otherwise  help for all the builtins and shell control
               structures is printed.
               --dd     Display a short description of each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n
-               --mm    Display the description of each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n in a manpage-like
+              --mm     Display the description of each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n in a manpage-like
                      format
               --ss     Display only a short usage synopsis for each _p_a_t_t_e_r_n
        The return status is 0 unless no command matches _p_a_t_t_e_r_n.
@@ -638,132 +651,133 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
        hhiissttoorryy --ss _a_r_g [_a_r_g _._._.]
               With no options, display the command history list with line num-
               bers.  Lines listed with a ** have been modified.  An argument of
-              _n lists only the last _n lines.  If the shell variable  HHIISSTTTTIIMMEE--
-              FFOORRMMAATT  is  set  and not null, it is used as a format string for
-              _s_t_r_f_t_i_m_e(3) to display the time stamp associated with each  dis-
-              played  history  entry.  No intervening blank is printed between
-              the formatted time stamp and the history line.  If  _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e  is
-              supplied,  it  is  used as the name of the history file; if not,
-              the value of HHIISSTTFFIILLEE is used.  Options, if supplied,  have  the
+              _n  lists only the last _n lines.  If the shell variable HHIISSTTTTIIMMEE--
+              FFOORRMMAATT is set and not null, it is used as a  format  string  for
+              _s_t_r_f_t_i_m_e(3)  to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
+              played history entry.  No intervening blank is  printed  between
+              the  formatted  time stamp and the history line.  If _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e is
+              supplied, it is used as the name of the history  file;  if  not,
+              the  value  of HHIISSTTFFIILLEE is used.  Options, if supplied, have the
               following meanings:
               --cc     Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
               --dd _o_f_f_s_e_t
                      Delete the history entry at position _o_f_f_s_e_t.
-              --aa     Append  the  ``new'' history lines (history lines entered
-                     since the beginning of the current bbaasshh session)  to  the
+              --aa     Append the ``new'' history lines (history  lines  entered
+                     since  the  beginning of the current bbaasshh session) to the
                      history file.
-              --nn     Read  the history lines not already read from the history
-                     file into the current  history  list.   These  are  lines
-                     appended  to  the history file since the beginning of the
+              --nn     Read the history lines not already read from the  history
+                     file  into  the  current  history  list.  These are lines
+                     appended to the history file since the beginning  of  the
                      current bbaasshh session.
               --rr     Read the contents of the history file and use them as the
                      current history.
-              --ww     Write  the current history to the history file, overwrit-
+              --ww     Write the current history to the history file,  overwrit-
                      ing the history file's contents.
-              --pp     Perform history substitution on the  following  _a_r_g_s  and
-                     display  the  result  on  the  standard output.  Does not
-                     store the results in the history list.  Each _a_r_g must  be
+              --pp     Perform  history  substitution  on the following _a_r_g_s and
+                     display the result on  the  standard  output.   Does  not
+                     store  the results in the history list.  Each _a_r_g must be
                      quoted to disable normal history expansion.
-              --ss     Store  the  _a_r_g_s  in  the history list as a single entry.
-                     The last command in the history list  is  removed  before
+              --ss     Store the _a_r_g_s in the history list  as  a  single  entry.
+                     The  last  command  in the history list is removed before
                      the _a_r_g_s are added.
 
-              If the HHIISSTTTTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT is set, the time stamp information associ-
-              ated with each history entry is written  to  the  history  file,
-              marked  with  the  history  comment character.  When the history
-              file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character
-              followed  immediately  by  a digit are interpreted as timestamps
-              for the previous history line.  The return value is 0 unless  an
-              invalid  option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or
-              writing the history file, an invalid _o_f_f_s_e_t is  supplied  as  an
-              argument to --dd, or the history expansion supplied as an argument
-              to --pp fails.
+              If the HHIISSTTTTIIMMEEFFOORRMMAATT variable is set, the time  stamp  informa-
+              tion  associated  with each history entry is written to the his-
+              tory file, marked with the history comment character.  When  the
+              history  file  is read, lines beginning with the history comment
+              character followed immediately by a  digit  are  interpreted  as
+              timestamps for the previous history line.  The return value is 0
+              unless an invalid option is encountered, an error  occurs  while
+              reading  or  writing the history file, an invalid _o_f_f_s_e_t is sup-
+              plied as an argument to --dd, or the history expansion supplied as
+              an argument to --pp fails.
 
        jjoobbss [--llnnpprrss] [ _j_o_b_s_p_e_c ... ]
        jjoobbss --xx _c_o_m_m_a_n_d [ _a_r_g_s ... ]
               The first form lists the active jobs.  The options have the fol-
               lowing meanings:
               --ll     List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
-              --pp     List  only  the  process  ID  of  the job's process group
+              --pp     List only the process  ID  of  the  job's  process  group
                      leader.
-              --nn     Display information only about  jobs  that  have  changed
-                     status  since the user was last notified of their status.
+              --nn     Display  information  only  about  jobs that have changed
+                     status since the user was last notified of their  status.
               --rr     Restrict output to running jobs.
               --ss     Restrict output to stopped jobs.
 
-              If _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is given, output is restricted to  information  about
-              that  job.   The  return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
+              If  _j_o_b_s_p_e_c  is given, output is restricted to information about
+              that job.  The return status is 0 unless an  invalid  option  is
               encountered or an invalid _j_o_b_s_p_e_c is supplied.
 
               If the --xx option is supplied, jjoobbss replaces any _j_o_b_s_p_e_c found in
-              _c_o_m_m_a_n_d  or  _a_r_g_s  with  the corresponding process group ID, and
+              _c_o_m_m_a_n_d or _a_r_g_s with the corresponding  process  group  ID,  and
               executes _c_o_m_m_a_n_d passing it _a_r_g_s, returning its exit status.
 
        kkiillll [--ss _s_i_g_s_p_e_c | --nn _s_i_g_n_u_m | --_s_i_g_s_p_e_c] [_p_i_d | _j_o_b_s_p_e_c] ...
        kkiillll --ll [_s_i_g_s_p_e_c | _e_x_i_t___s_t_a_t_u_s]
-              Send the signal named by _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  or  _s_i_g_n_u_m  to  the  processes
-              named  by  _p_i_d or _j_o_b_s_p_e_c.  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a case-insensitive
-              signal name such as SSIIGGKKIILLLL (with or without the SSIIGG prefix)  or
-              a  signal  number; _s_i_g_n_u_m is a signal number.  If _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is not
-              present, then SSIIGGTTEERRMM is assumed.  An argument of --ll  lists  the
-              signal  names.   If any arguments are supplied when --ll is given,
-              the names of the signals  corresponding  to  the  arguments  are
+              Send  the  signal  named  by  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c or _s_i_g_n_u_m to the processes
+              named by _p_i_d or _j_o_b_s_p_e_c.  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either  a  case-insensitive
+              signal  name such as SSIIGGKKIILLLL (with or without the SSIIGG prefix) or
+              a signal number; _s_i_g_n_u_m is a signal number.  If _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is  not
+              present,  then  SSIIGGTTEERRMM is assumed.  An argument of --ll lists the
+              signal names.  If any arguments are supplied when --ll  is  given,
+              the  names  of  the  signals  corresponding to the arguments are
               listed, and the return status is 0.  The _e_x_i_t___s_t_a_t_u_s argument to
-              --ll is a number specifying either a signal  number  or  the  exit
-              status  of  a process terminated by a signal.  kkiillll returns true
-              if at least one signal was successfully sent,  or  false  if  an
+              --ll  is  a  number  specifying either a signal number or the exit
+              status of a process terminated by a signal.  kkiillll  returns  true
+              if  at  least  one  signal was successfully sent, or false if an
               error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
 
        lleett _a_r_g [_a_r_g ...]
               Each _a_r_g is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see AARRIITTHH--
-              MMEETTIICC EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN).  If the last _a_r_g evaluates to 0, lleett  returns
-              1; 0 is returned otherwise.
+              MMEETTIICC  EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN  above).   If the last _a_r_g evaluates to 0, lleett
+              returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.
 
        llooccaall [_o_p_t_i_o_n] [_n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ...]
-              For  each  argument, a local variable named _n_a_m_e is created, and
-              assigned _v_a_l_u_e.  The _o_p_t_i_o_n can be any of the  options  accepted
+              For each argument, a local variable named _n_a_m_e is  created,  and
+              assigned  _v_a_l_u_e.   The _o_p_t_i_o_n can be any of the options accepted
               by ddeeccllaarree.  When llooccaall is used within a function, it causes the
-              variable _n_a_m_e to have a visible scope restricted to  that  func-
+              variable  _n_a_m_e  to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
               tion and its children.  With no operands, llooccaall writes a list of
-              local variables to the standard output.  It is an error  to  use
+              local  variables  to the standard output.  It is an error to use
               llooccaall when not within a function.  The return status is 0 unless
-              llooccaall is used outside a function, an invalid _n_a_m_e  is  supplied,
+              llooccaall  is  used outside a function, an invalid _n_a_m_e is supplied,
               or _n_a_m_e is a readonly variable.
 
        llooggoouutt Exit a login shell.
 
-       mmaappffiillee  [--nn  _c_o_u_n_t]  [--OO _o_r_i_g_i_n] [--ss _c_o_u_n_t] [--tt] [--uu _f_d] [--CC _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k]
+       mmaappffiillee [--nn _c_o_u_n_t] [--OO _o_r_i_g_i_n] [--ss _c_o_u_n_t] [--tt] [--uu  _f_d]  [--CC  _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k]
        [--cc _q_u_a_n_t_u_m] [_a_r_r_a_y]
-       rreeaaddaarrrraayy  [--nn _c_o_u_n_t] [--OO _o_r_i_g_i_n] [--ss _c_o_u_n_t] [--tt] [--uu _f_d] [--CC _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k]
+       rreeaaddaarrrraayy [--nn _c_o_u_n_t] [--OO _o_r_i_g_i_n] [--ss _c_o_u_n_t] [--tt] [--uu _f_d] [--CC  _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k]
        [--cc _q_u_a_n_t_u_m] [_a_r_r_a_y]
-              Read lines from the standard input into array variable _a_r_r_a_y, or
-              from file descriptor _f_d if the --uu option is supplied.  The vari-
-              able  MMAAPPFFIILLEE  is the default _a_r_r_a_y.  Options, if supplied, have
-              the following meanings:
-              --nn     Copy at most _c_o_u_n_t lines.  If _c_o_u_n_t is 0, all  lines  are
+              Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array  vari-
+              able  _a_r_r_a_y, or from file descriptor _f_d if the --uu option is sup-
+              plied.  The variable MMAAPPFFIILLEE is the default _a_r_r_a_y.  Options,  if
+              supplied, have the following meanings:
+              --nn     Copy  at  most _c_o_u_n_t lines.  If _c_o_u_n_t is 0, all lines are
                      copied.
-              --OO     Begin  assigning  to  _a_r_r_a_y at index _o_r_i_g_i_n.  The default
+              --OO     Begin assigning to _a_r_r_a_y at index  _o_r_i_g_i_n.   The  default
                      index is 0.
               --ss     Discard the first _c_o_u_n_t lines read.
-              --tt     Remove a trailing line from each line read.
-              --uu     Read lines from file descriptor _f_d instead of  the  stan-
+              --tt     Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
+              --uu     Read  lines  from file descriptor _f_d instead of the stan-
                      dard input.
-              --CC     Evaluate  _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k each time _q_u_a_n_t_u_m lines are read.  The
+              --CC     Evaluate _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k each time _q_u_a_n_t_u_m lines are read.   The
                      --cc option specifies _q_u_a_n_t_u_m.
-              --cc     Specify the number of lines read  between  each  call  to
+              --cc     Specify  the  number  of  lines read between each call to
                      _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k.
 
-              If  --CC  is  specified  without  --cc, the default quantum is 5000.
+              If --CC is specified without --cc,  the  default  quantum  is  5000.
               When _c_a_l_l_b_a_c_k is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
-              array  element  to be assigned as an additional argument.  _c_a_l_l_-
-              _b_a_c_k is evaluated after the line is read but  before  the  array
+              array element to be assigned as an additional  argument.   _c_a_l_l_-
+              _b_a_c_k  is  evaluated  after the line is read but before the array
               element is assigned.
 
-              If  not  supplied  with  an  explicit origin, mmaappffiillee will clear
+              If not supplied with an  explicit  origin,  mmaappffiillee  will  clear
               _a_r_r_a_y before assigning to it.
 
-              mmaappffiillee returns successfully unless an invalid option or  option
-              argument is supplied, or _a_r_r_a_y is invalid or unassignable.
+              mmaappffiillee  returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+              argument is supplied, _a_r_r_a_y is invalid or  unassignable,  or  if
+              _a_r_r_a_y is not an indexed array.
 
        ppooppdd [-nn] [+_n] [-_n]
               Removes  entries  from  the directory stack.  With no arguments,
@@ -846,8 +860,8 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               occurs while reading the name of the  current  directory  or  an
               invalid option is supplied.
 
-       rreeaadd  [--eerrss] [--aa _a_n_a_m_e] [--dd _d_e_l_i_m] [-- _t_e_x_t] [--nn _n_c_h_a_r_s] [--pp _p_r_o_m_p_t] [--tt
-       _t_i_m_e_o_u_t] [--uu _f_d] [_n_a_m_e ...]
+       rreeaadd [--eerrss] [--aa _a_n_a_m_e] [--dd _d_e_l_i_m] [--ii _t_e_x_t] [--nn _n_c_h_a_r_s] [--NN _n_c_h_a_r_s] [--pp
+       _p_r_o_m_p_t] [--tt _t_i_m_e_o_u_t] [--uu _f_d] [_n_a_m_e ...]
               One  line  is  read  from  the  standard input, or from the file
               descriptor _f_d supplied as an argument to the --uu option, and  the
               first word is assigned to the first _n_a_m_e, the second word to the
@@ -876,93 +890,107 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                      placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
               --nn _n_c_h_a_r_s
                      rreeaadd  returns after reading _n_c_h_a_r_s characters rather than
-                     waiting for a complete line of input.
+                     waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a  delim-
+                     iter  if fewer than _n_c_h_a_r_s characters are read before the
+                     delimiter.
+              --NN _n_c_h_a_r_s
+                     rreeaadd returns  after  reading  exactly  _n_c_h_a_r_s  characters
+                     rather  than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
+                     EOF is encountered or rreeaadd times out.  Delimiter  charac-
+                     ters  encountered  in the input are not treated specially
+                     and do not cause rreeaadd to return until  _n_c_h_a_r_s  characters
+                     are read.
               --pp _p_r_o_m_p_t
                      Display _p_r_o_m_p_t on standard error, without a trailing new-
                      line, before attempting to read any input.  The prompt is
                      displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
               --rr     Backslash does not act as an escape character.  The back-
-                     slash  is considered to be part of the line.  In particu-
-                     lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as  a  line
+                     slash is considered to be part of the line.  In  particu-
+                     lar,  a  backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
                      continuation.
               --ss     Silent mode.  If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
                      ters are not echoed.
               --tt _t_i_m_e_o_u_t
-                     Cause rreeaadd to time out and return failure if  a  complete
-                     line  of input is not read within _t_i_m_e_o_u_t seconds.  _t_i_m_e_-
-                     _o_u_t may be a decimal number  with  a  fractional  portion
-                     following  the decimal point.  This option is only effec-
-                     tive if rreeaadd is reading input from a terminal,  pipe,  or
-                     other  special  file;  it has no effect when reading from
-                     regular files.  If _t_i_m_e_o_u_t is 0, rreeaadd returns success  if
-                     input  is  available  on  the  specified file descriptor,
-                     failure otherwise.  The exit status is greater  than  128
+                     Cause  rreeaadd  to time out and return failure if a complete
+                     line of input is not read within _t_i_m_e_o_u_t seconds.   _t_i_m_e_-
+                     _o_u_t  may  be  a  decimal number with a fractional portion
+                     following the decimal point.  This option is only  effec-
+                     tive  if  rreeaadd is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or
+                     other special file; it has no effect  when  reading  from
+                     regular  files.  If _t_i_m_e_o_u_t is 0, rreeaadd returns success if
+                     input is available  on  the  specified  file  descriptor,
+                     failure  otherwise.   The exit status is greater than 128
                      if the timeout is exceeded.
               --uu _f_d  Read input from file descriptor _f_d.
 
               If no _n_a_m_e_s are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-
-              able RREEPPLLYY.  The return code  is  zero,  unless  end-of-file  is
-              encountered,  rreeaadd  times  out (in which case the return code is
-              greater than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied  as
+              able  RREEPPLLYY.   The  return  code  is zero, unless end-of-file is
+              encountered, rreeaadd times out (in which case the  return  code  is
+              greater  than 128), or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as
               the argument to --uu.
 
        rreeaaddoonnllyy [--aaAAppff] [_n_a_m_e[=_w_o_r_d] ...]
-              The  given  _n_a_m_e_s are marked readonly; the values of these _n_a_m_e_s
-              may not be changed by subsequent assignment.  If the  --ff  option
-              is  supplied,  the  functions  corresponding to the _n_a_m_e_s are so
-              marked.  The  --aa  option  restricts  the  variables  to  indexed
-              arrays;  the  --AA  option  restricts the variables to associative
-              arrays.  If no _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option  is
-              supplied,  a  list  of  all  readonly  names is printed.  The --pp
-              option causes output to be displayed in a  format  that  may  be
-              reused  as  input.  If a variable name is followed by =_w_o_r_d, the
-              value of the variable is set to _w_o_r_d.  The return  status  is  0
+              The given _n_a_m_e_s are marked readonly; the values of  these  _n_a_m_e_s
+              may  not  be changed by subsequent assignment.  If the --ff option
+              is supplied, the functions corresponding to  the  _n_a_m_e_s  are  so
+              marked.   The  --aa  option  restricts  the  variables  to indexed
+              arrays; the --AA option restricts  the  variables  to  associative
+              arrays.   If no _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is
+              supplied, a list of all  readonly  names  is  printed.   The  --pp
+              option  causes  output  to  be displayed in a format that may be
+              reused as input.  If a variable name is followed by  =_w_o_r_d,  the
+              value  of  the  variable is set to _w_o_r_d.  The return status is 0
               unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not
-              a valid shell variable name, or --ff is supplied with a _n_a_m_e  that
+              a  valid shell variable name, or --ff is supplied with a _n_a_m_e that
               is not a function.
 
        rreettuurrnn [_n]
-              Causes  a function to exit with the return value specified by _n.
-              If _n is omitted, the return status is that of the  last  command
-              executed  in the function body.  If used outside a function, but
-              during execution of a script by  the  ..   (ssoouurrccee)  command,  it
+              Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by  _n.
+              If  _n  is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
+              executed in the function body.  If used outside a function,  but
+              during  execution  of  a  script  by the ..  (ssoouurrccee) command, it
               causes the shell to stop executing that script and return either
-              _n or the exit status of the last  command  executed  within  the
-              script  as  the  exit  status  of the script.  If used outside a
-              function and not during execution of a script by ..,  the  return
+              _n  or  the  exit  status of the last command executed within the
+              script as the exit status of the  script.   If  used  outside  a
+              function  and  not during execution of a script by .., the return
               status is false.  Any command associated with the RREETTUURRNN trap is
-              executed before execution resumes after the function or  script.
+              executed  before execution resumes after the function or script.
 
        sseett [----aabbeeffhhkkmmnnppttuuvvxxBBCCEEHHPPTT] [--oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [_a_r_g ...]
        sseett [++aabbeeffhhkkmmnnppttuuvvxxBBCCEEHHPPTT] [++oo _o_p_t_i_o_n] [_a_r_g ...]
-              Without  options,  the name and value of each shell variable are
+              Without options, the name and value of each shell  variable  are
               displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or
               resetting the currently-set variables.  Read-only variables can-
-              not be reset.  In _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, only shell variables  are  listed.
-              The  output  is  sorted  according  to the current locale.  When
-              options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes.   Any
-              arguments  remaining after option processing are treated as val-
+              not  be  reset.  In _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, only shell variables are listed.
+              The output is sorted according  to  the  current  locale.   When
+              options  are specified, they set or unset shell attributes.  Any
+              arguments remaining after option processing are treated as  val-
               ues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
-              $$11,  $$22,  ......   $$_n.   Options,  if specified, have the following
+              $$11, $$22, ......  $$_n.  Options,  if  specified,  have  the  following
               meanings:
-              --aa      Automatically mark variables  and  functions  which  are
-                      modified  or  created  for  export to the environment of
+              --aa      Automatically  mark  variables  and  functions which are
+                      modified or created for export  to  the  environment  of
                       subsequent commands.
-              --bb      Report the status of terminated background jobs  immedi-
+              --bb      Report  the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
                       ately, rather than before the next primary prompt.  This
                       is effective only when job control is enabled.
-              --ee      Exit immediately if a _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d (see SSHHEELLLL  GGRRAAMMMMAARR
+              --ee      Exit  immediately  if a _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e (which may consist of a
+                      single _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d),  a _s_u_b_s_h_e_l_l command enclosed  in
+                      parentheses,  or one of the commands executed as part of
+                      a command list enclosed by  braces  (see  SSHHEELLLL  GGRRAAMMMMAARR
                       above) exits with a non-zero status.  The shell does not
                       exit if the command that fails is part  of  the  command
                       list  immediately  following  a  wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword,
-                      part of the test in an iiff statement, part of  a  command
-                      executed  in  a &&&& or |||| list, any command in a pipeline
-                      but the last, or if the command's return value is  being
-                      inverted  via  !!.  Failing simple commands that are part
-                      of shell functions or command lists enclosed  in  braces
-                      or  parentheses  satisfying  the above conditions do not
-                      cause the shell to exit.  A trap on EERRRR, if set, is exe-
-                      cuted before the shell exits.
+                      part of the test  following  the  iiff  or  eelliiff  reserved
+                      words,  part  of any command executed in a &&&& or |||| list
+                      except the command following the final  &&&&  or  ||||,  any
+                      command  in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
+                      return value is being inverted with !!.  A trap  on  EERRRR,
+                      if set, is executed before the shell exits.  This option
+                      applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-
+                      ronment  separately  (see  CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT
+                      above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing
+                      all the commands in the subshell.
               --ff      Disable pathname expansion.
               --hh      Remember  the location of commands as they are looked up
                       for execution.  This is enabled by default.
@@ -989,11 +1017,11 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                               is interactive, unless the shell is started with
                               the ----nnooeeddiittiinngg option.  This also  affects  the
                               editing interface used for rreeaadd --ee.
+                      eerrrreexxiitt Same as --ee.
                       eerrrrttrraaccee
                               Same as --EE.
                       ffuunnccttrraaccee
                               Same as --TT.
-                      eerrrreexxiitt Same as --ee.
                       hhaasshhaallll Same as --hh.
                       hhiisstteexxppaanndd
                               Same as --HH.
@@ -1040,20 +1068,22 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               --pp      Turn  on  _p_r_i_v_i_l_e_g_e_d  mode.   In this mode, the $$EENNVV and
                       $$BBAASSHH__EENNVV files are not processed, shell  functions  are
                       not  inherited  from the environment, and the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS,
-                      CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they appear in  the
-                      environment,  are ignored.  If the shell is started with
-                      the effective user (group) id not equal to the real user
-                      (group)  id,  and  the  --pp option is not supplied, these
-                      actions are taken and the effective user id  is  set  to
-                      the  real  user  id.   If  the  --pp option is supplied at
-                      startup, the effective user id is  not  reset.   Turning
-                      this  option off causes the effective user and group ids
-                      to be set to the real user and group ids.
+                      BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS, CCDDPPAATTHH,  and  GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE  variables,  if  they
+                      appear in the environment, are ignored.  If the shell is
+                      started with the effective user (group) id not equal  to
+                      the  real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not sup-
+                      plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id
+                      is  set  to  the real user id.  If the --pp option is sup-
+                      plied at startup, the effective user id  is  not  reset.
+                      Turning  this  option  off causes the effective user and
+                      group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.
               --tt      Exit after reading and executing one command.
-              --uu      Treat unset variables as an error when performing param-
-                      eter  expansion.   If expansion is attempted on an unset
-                      variable, the shell prints an error message, and, if not
-                      interactive, exits with a non-zero status.
+              --uu      Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe-
+                      cial  parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing
+                      parameter expansion.  If expansion is  attempted  on  an
+                      unset  variable  or parameter, the shell prints an error
+                      message, and, if not interactive, exits with a  non-zero
+                      status.
               --vv      Print shell input lines as they are read.
               --xx      After  expanding  each _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, ffoorr command, ccaassee
                       command, sseelleecctt command, or arithmetic ffoorr command, dis-
@@ -1172,61 +1202,70 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                       If set, bbaasshh changes its behavior to that of version 3.1
                       with respect to quoted arguments to the conditional com-
                       mand's =~ operator.
+              ccoommppaatt3322
+                      If set, bbaasshh changes its behavior to that of version 3.2
+                      with respect to locale-specific string  comparison  when
+                      using the conditional command's < and > operators.
+              ccoommppaatt4400
+                      If set, bbaasshh changes its behavior to that of version 4.0
+                      with respect to locale-specific string  comparison  when
+                      using  the  conditional  command's < and > operators and
+                      the effect of interrupting a command list.
               ddiirrssppeellll
-                      If  set,  bbaasshh attempts spelling correction on directory
-                      names during word completion if the directory name  ini-
+                      If set, bbaasshh attempts spelling correction  on  directory
+                      names  during word completion if the directory name ini-
                       tially supplied does not exist.
-              ddoottgglloobb If  set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+              ddoottgglloobb If set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.'  in
                       the results of pathname expansion.
               eexxeeccffaaiill
                       If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-
-                      not  execute  the  file  specified as an argument to the
-                      eexxeecc builtin command.  An  interactive  shell  does  not
+                      not execute the file specified as  an  argument  to  the
+                      eexxeecc  builtin  command.   An  interactive shell does not
                       exit if eexxeecc fails.
               eexxppaanndd__aalliiaasseess
-                      If  set,  aliases  are expanded as described above under
+                      If set, aliases are expanded as  described  above  under
                       AALLIIAASSEESS.  This option is enabled by default for interac-
                       tive shells.
               eexxttddeebbuugg
-                      If  set,  behavior  intended  for  use  by  debuggers is
+                      If set,  behavior  intended  for  use  by  debuggers  is
                       enabled:
                       11..     The --FF option to the ddeeccllaarree builtin displays the
                              source file name and line number corresponding to
                              each function name supplied as an argument.
-                      22..     If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG  trap  returns  a
-                             non-zero  value,  the next command is skipped and
+                      22..     If  the  command  run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a
+                             non-zero value, the next command is  skipped  and
                              not executed.
-                      33..     If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG  trap  returns  a
-                             value  of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
-                             routine (a shell function or a shell script  exe-
-                             cuted  by  the  ..  or ssoouurrccee builtins), a call to
+                      33..     If  the  command  run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a
+                             value of 2, and the shell is executing in a  sub-
+                             routine  (a shell function or a shell script exe-
+                             cuted by the .. or ssoouurrccee  builtins),  a  call  to
                              rreettuurrnn is simulated.
-                      44..     BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as  described
+                      44..     BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC  and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as described
                              in their descriptions above.
-                      55..     Function  tracing  is enabled:  command substitu-
+                      55..     Function tracing is enabled:   command  substitu-
                              tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
                              (( _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN traps.
-                      66..     Error  tracing is enabled:  command substitution,
-                             shell functions, and  subshells  invoked  with  ((
+                      66..     Error tracing is enabled:  command  substitution,
+                             shell  functions,  and  subshells  invoked with ((
                              _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the EERRRROORR trap.
               eexxttgglloobb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
                       above under PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn are enabled.
               eexxttqquuoottee
-                      If set, $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g' and  $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g"  quoting  is  performed
-                      within   $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}}   expansions  enclosed  in  double
+                      If  set,  $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g'  and  $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g" quoting is performed
+                      within  $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}}  expansions  enclosed   in   double
                       quotes.  This option is enabled by default.
               ffaaiillgglloobb
-                      If set, patterns which fail to  match  filenames  during
+                      If  set,  patterns  which fail to match filenames during
                       pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
               ffoorrccee__ffiiggnnoorree
-                      If  set,  the  suffixes  specified  by the FFIIGGNNOORREE shell
-                      variable cause words to be ignored when performing  word
+                      If set, the suffixes  specified  by  the  FFIIGGNNOORREE  shell
+                      variable  cause words to be ignored when performing word
                       completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-
                       ble  completions.   See  SSHHEELLLL  VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS  above  for  a
-                      description  of  FFIIGGNNOORREE.   This  option  is  enabled by
+                      description of  FFIIGGNNOORREE.   This  option  is  enabled  by
                       default.
               gglloobbssttaarr
-                      If set, the pattern **** used in a filename expansion con-
+                      If set, the pattern **** used in a pathname expansion con-
                       text will match a files and zero or more directories and
                       subdirectories.  If the pattern is followed by a //, only
                       directories and subdirectories match.
@@ -1234,58 +1273,58 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                       If set, shell error messages are written in the standard
                       GNU error message format.
               hhiissttaappppeenndd
-                      If set, the history list is appended to the  file  named
-                      by  the  value  of  the HHIISSTTFFIILLEE variable when the shell
+                      If  set,  the history list is appended to the file named
+                      by the value of the HHIISSTTFFIILLEE  variable  when  the  shell
                       exits, rather than overwriting the file.
               hhiissttrreeeeddiitt
-                      If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given  the
+                      If  set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given the
                       opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.
               hhiissttvveerriiffyy
-                      If  set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of his-
-                      tory substitution are  not  immediately  passed  to  the
-                      shell  parser.   Instead,  the  resulting line is loaded
+                      If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of  his-
+                      tory  substitution  are  not  immediately  passed to the
+                      shell parser.  Instead, the  resulting  line  is  loaded
                       into the rreeaaddlliinnee editing buffer, allowing further modi-
                       fication.
               hhoossttccoommpplleettee
                       If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will attempt to
-                      perform hostname completion when a word containing  a  @@
-                      is   being  completed  (see  CCoommpplleettiinngg  under  RREEAADDLLIINNEE
+                      perform  hostname  completion when a word containing a @@
+                      is  being  completed  (see  CCoommpplleettiinngg  under   RREEAADDLLIINNEE
                       above).  This is enabled by default.
               hhuuppoonneexxiitt
                       If set, bbaasshh will send SSIIGGHHUUPP to all jobs when an inter-
                       active login shell exits.
               iinntteerraaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss
                       If set, allow a word beginning with ## to cause that word
-                      and all remaining characters on that line to be  ignored
-                      in  an  interactive  shell  (see  CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS above).  This
+                      and  all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
+                      in an interactive  shell  (see  CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS  above).   This
                       option is enabled by default.
-              lliitthhiisstt If set, and the ccmmddhhiisstt option  is  enabled,  multi-line
+              lliitthhiisstt If  set,  and  the ccmmddhhiisstt option is enabled, multi-line
                       commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
                       rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
               llooggiinn__sshheellll
-                      The shell sets this option if it is started as  a  login
-                      shell  (see  IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN  above).   The  value may not be
+                      The  shell  sets this option if it is started as a login
+                      shell (see IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN above).   The  value  may  not  be
                       changed.
               mmaaiillwwaarrnn
-                      If set, and a file that bbaasshh is checking  for  mail  has
-                      been  accessed  since  the last time it was checked, the
-                      message ``The mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read''  is  dis-
+                      If  set,  and  a file that bbaasshh is checking for mail has
+                      been accessed since the last time it  was  checked,  the
+                      message  ``The  mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read'' is dis-
                       played.
               nnoo__eemmppttyy__ccmmdd__ccoommpplleettiioonn
-                      If  set,  and  rreeaaddlliinnee  is  being  used,  bbaasshh will not
+                      If set, and  rreeaaddlliinnee  is  being  used,  bbaasshh  will  not
                       attempt to search the PPAATTHH for possible completions when
                       completion is attempted on an empty line.
               nnooccaasseegglloobb
-                      If  set,  bbaasshh  matches  filenames in a case-insensitive
+                      If set, bbaasshh matches  filenames  in  a  case-insensitive
                       fashion when performing pathname expansion (see PPaatthhnnaammee
                       EExxppaannssiioonn above).
               nnooccaasseemmaattcchh
-                      If  set,  bbaasshh  matches  patterns  in a case-insensitive
+                      If set, bbaasshh  matches  patterns  in  a  case-insensitive
                       fashion when performing matching while executing ccaassee or
                       [[[[ conditional commands.
               nnuullllgglloobb
-                      If  set,  bbaasshh allows patterns which match no files (see
-                      PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above) to expand to  a  null  string,
+                      If set, bbaasshh allows patterns which match no  files  (see
+                      PPaatthhnnaammee  EExxppaannssiioonn  above)  to expand to a null string,
                       rather than themselves.
               pprrooggccoommpp
                       If set, the programmable completion facilities (see PPrroo--
@@ -1293,47 +1332,47 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                       enabled by default.
               pprroommppttvvaarrss
                       If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-
-                      mand  substitution,  arithmetic  expansion,  and   quote
-                      removal  after  being expanded as described in PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG
+                      mand   substitution,  arithmetic  expansion,  and  quote
+                      removal after being expanded as described  in  PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG
                       above.  This option is enabled by default.
               rreessttrriicctteedd__sshheellll
-                      The  shell  sets  this  option  if  it  is  started   in
+                      The   shell  sets  this  option  if  it  is  started  in
                       restricted mode (see RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL below).  The value
-                      may not be changed.  This is not reset when the  startup
-                      files  are  executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
+                      may  not be changed.  This is not reset when the startup
+                      files are executed, allowing the startup files  to  dis-
                       cover whether or not a shell is restricted.
               sshhiifftt__vveerrbboossee
-                      If set, the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error  message  when
+                      If  set,  the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error message when
                       the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-
                       ters.
               ssoouurrcceeppaatthh
                       If set, the ssoouurrccee (..) builtin uses the value of PPAATTHH to
-                      find  the  directory  containing the file supplied as an
+                      find the directory containing the file  supplied  as  an
                       argument.  This option is enabled by default.
               xxppgg__eecchhoo
-                      If  set,  the  eecchhoo  builtin  expands   backslash-escape
+                      If   set,  the  eecchhoo  builtin  expands  backslash-escape
                       sequences by default.
        ssuussppeenndd [--ff]
-              Suspend  the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT
+              Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a  SSIIGGCCOONNTT
               signal.  A login shell cannot be suspended; the --ff option can be
               used to override this and force the suspension.  The return sta-
-              tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and --ff  is  not  sup-
+              tus  is  0  unless the shell is a login shell and --ff is not sup-
               plied, or if job control is not enabled.
        tteesstt _e_x_p_r
        [[ _e_x_p_r ]]
-              Return  a  status  of  0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the
-              conditional expression _e_x_p_r.  Each operator and operand must  be
-              a  separate argument.  Expressions are composed of the primaries
-              described above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS.   tteesstt  does  not
+              Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on  the  evaluation  of  the
+              conditional  expression _e_x_p_r.  Each operator and operand must be
+              a separate argument.  Expressions are composed of the  primaries
+              described  above  under  CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS.  tteesstt does not
               accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of
               ---- as signifying the end of options.
 
-              Expressions may  be  combined  using  the  following  operators,
+              Expressions  may  be  combined  using  the  following operators,
               listed  in  decreasing  order  of  precedence.   The  evaluation
               depends on the number of arguments; see below.
               !! _e_x_p_r True if _e_x_p_r is false.
               (( _e_x_p_r ))
-                     Returns the value of _e_x_p_r.  This may be used to  override
+                     Returns  the value of _e_x_p_r.  This may be used to override
                      the normal precedence of operators.
               _e_x_p_r_1 -aa _e_x_p_r_2
                      True if both _e_x_p_r_1 and _e_x_p_r_2 are true.
@@ -1350,73 +1389,78 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                      null.
               2 arguments
                      If the first argument is !!, the expression is true if and
-                     only if the second argument is null.  If the first  argu-
-                     ment  is  one  of  the unary conditional operators listed
-                     above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS,  the  expression  is
+                     only  if the second argument is null.  If the first argu-
+                     ment is one of the  unary  conditional  operators  listed
+                     above  under  CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL  EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is
                      true if the unary test is true.  If the first argument is
                      not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
                      false.
               3 arguments
-                     If  the  second argument is one of the binary conditional
+                     If the second argument is one of the  binary  conditional
                      operators listed above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the
                      result of the expression is the result of the binary test
-                     using the first and third arguments as operands.  The  --aa
-                     and  --oo  operators  are  considered binary operators when
-                     there are three arguments.  If the first argument  is  !!,
-                     the  value is the negation of the two-argument test using
+                     using  the first and third arguments as operands.  The --aa
+                     and --oo operators are  considered  binary  operators  when
+                     there  are  three arguments.  If the first argument is !!,
+                     the value is the negation of the two-argument test  using
                      the second and third arguments.  If the first argument is
                      exactly (( and the third argument is exactly )), the result
-                     is the one-argument test of the second argument.   Other-
+                     is  the one-argument test of the second argument.  Other-
                      wise, the expression is false.
               4 arguments
                      If the first argument is !!, the result is the negation of
-                     the three-argument expression composed of  the  remaining
+                     the  three-argument  expression composed of the remaining
                      arguments.  Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval-
-                     uated according to  precedence  using  the  rules  listed
+                     uated  according  to  precedence  using  the rules listed
                      above.
               5 or more arguments
-                     The  expression  is  parsed  and  evaluated  according to
+                     The expression  is  parsed  and  evaluated  according  to
                      precedence using the rules listed above.
 
-       ttiimmeess  Print the accumulated user and system times for  the  shell  and
+       ttiimmeess  Print  the  accumulated  user and system times for the shell and
               for processes run from the shell.  The return status is 0.
 
        ttrraapp [--llpp] [[_a_r_g] _s_i_g_s_p_e_c ...]
-              The  command  _a_r_g  is  to  be  read  and executed when the shell
-              receives signal(s) _s_i_g_s_p_e_c.  If _a_r_g is absent (and  there  is  a
-              single  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c)  or  --,  each  specified signal is reset to its
-              original disposition (the value it  had  upon  entrance  to  the
-              shell).   If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by each
-              _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is ignored by the shell and by the commands it  invokes.
-              If  _a_r_g  is  not present and --pp has been supplied, then the trap
-              commands associated with each  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  are  displayed.   If  no
-              arguments  are  supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp prints the
-              list of commands associated with each  signal.   The  --ll  option
-              causes  the shell to print a list of signal names and their cor-
-              responding numbers.   Each  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is  either  a  signal  name
-              defined  in  <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>,  or  a signal number.  Signal names are
-              case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional.  If  a  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c
-              is  EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit from the shell.
-              If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is executed before  every
-              _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command, _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every
-              arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the first command executes in
-              a  shell  function  (see  SSHHEELLLL  GGRRAAMMMMAARR  above).   Refer to the
-              description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option  to  the  sshhoopptt  builtin  for
-              details  of  its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap.  If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR,
-              the command _a_r_g is executed whenever  a  simple  command  has  a
-              non-zero  exit status, subject to the following conditions.  The
-              EERRRR trap is not executed if the failed command is  part  of  the
-              command  list  immediately  following  a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword,
-              part of the test in an _i_f statement, part of a command  executed
-              in  a  &&&&  or |||| list, or if the command's return value is being
-              inverted via !!.  These are the same  conditions  obeyed  by  the
-              eerrrreexxiitt option.  If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN, the command _a_r_g is exe-
-              cuted each time a shell function or a script executed with the ..
-              or  ssoouurrccee  builtins  finishes  executing.  Signals ignored upon
-              entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.  Trapped  signals
-              that are not being ignored are reset to their original values in
-              a child process when it is created.  The return status is  false
-              if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is invalid; otherwise ttrraapp returns true.
+              The command _a_r_g is to  be  read  and  executed  when  the  shell
+              receives  signal(s)  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c.   If _a_r_g is absent (and there is a
+              single _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified  signal  is  reset  to  its
+              original  disposition  (the  value  it  had upon entrance to the
+              shell).  If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by  each
+              _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes.
+              If _a_r_g is not present and --pp has been supplied,  then  the  trap
+              commands  associated  with  each  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  are displayed.  If no
+              arguments are supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp  prints  the
+              list  of  commands  associated  with each signal.  The --ll option
+              causes the shell to print a list of signal names and their  cor-
+              responding  numbers.   Each  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is  either  a  signal name
+              defined in <_s_i_g_n_a_l_._h>, or a signal  number.   Signal  names  are
+              case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional.
+
+              If  a  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is  EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit
+              from the shell.  If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is  exe-
+              cuted  before  every  _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command,
+              _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every arithmetic _f_o_r  command,  and  before  the
+              first  command  executes  in a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR
+              above).  Refer to the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to  the
+              sshhoopptt builtin for details of its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap.  If a
+              _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN, the command _a_r_g is executed each time a shell
+              function or a script executed with the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins fin-
+              ishes executing.
+
+              If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_r_g is executed whenever a sim-
+              ple command has a non-zero exit status, subject to the following
+              conditions.  The EERRRR trap is not executed if the failed  command
+              is  part  of  the  command list immediately following a wwhhiillee or
+              uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement,  part  of  a
+              command  executed in a &&&& or |||| list, or if the command's return
+              value is being inverted via !!.  These are  the  same  conditions
+              obeyed by the eerrrreexxiitt option.
+
+              Signals  ignored  upon  entry  to the shell cannot be trapped or
+              reset.  Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset  to
+              their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when
+              one is created.  The return status is false if  any  _s_i_g_s_p_e_c  is
+              invalid; otherwise ttrraapp returns true.
 
        ttyyppee [--aaffttppPP] _n_a_m_e [_n_a_m_e ...]
               With  no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if
@@ -1464,7 +1508,8 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
                      children
               --ii     The maximum number of pending signals
               --ll     The maximum size that may be locked into memory
-              --mm     The maximum resident set size
+              --mm     The maximum resident set size (many systems do not  honor
+                     this limit)
               --nn     The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems
                      do not allow this value to be set)
               --pp     The pipe size in 512-byte blocks (this may not be set)
@@ -1472,58 +1517,58 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS
               --rr     The maximum real-time scheduling priority
               --ss     The maximum stack size
               --tt     The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
-              --uu     The  maximum  number  of  processes available to a single
+              --uu     The maximum number of processes  available  to  a  single
                      user
-              --vv     The maximum amount of virtual  memory  available  to  the
+              --vv     The  maximum  amount  of  virtual memory available to the
                      shell
               --xx     The maximum number of file locks
               --TT     The maximum number of threads
 
               If _l_i_m_i_t is given, it is the new value of the specified resource
               (the --aa option is display only).  If no option is given, then --ff
-              is  assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for --tt,
-              which is in seconds, --pp, which is in units of  512-byte  blocks,
-              and  --TT,  --bb, --nn, and --uu, which are unscaled values.  The return
+              is assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for  --tt,
+              which  is  in seconds, --pp, which is in units of 512-byte blocks,
+              and --TT, --bb, --nn, and --uu, which are unscaled values.   The  return
               status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or
               an error occurs while setting a new limit.
 
        uummaasskk [--pp] [--SS] [_m_o_d_e]
               The user file-creation mask is set to _m_o_d_e.  If _m_o_d_e begins with
-              a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise  it  is
-              interpreted  as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
-              _c_h_m_o_d(1).  If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask  is
-              printed.   The  --SS  option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
-              bolic form; the default output is an octal number.   If  the  --pp
+              a  digit,  it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
+              interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted  by
+              _c_h_m_o_d(1).   If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is
+              printed.  The --SS option causes the mask to be  printed  in  sym-
+              bolic  form;  the  default output is an octal number.  If the --pp
               option is supplied, and _m_o_d_e is omitted, the output is in a form
               that may be reused as input.  The return status is 0 if the mode
-              was  successfully  changed  or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied,
+              was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e  argument  was  supplied,
               and false otherwise.
 
        uunnaalliiaass [-aa] [_n_a_m_e ...]
-              Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined  aliases.   If  --aa  is
-              supplied,  all  alias definitions are removed.  The return value
+              Remove  each  _n_a_m_e  from  the list of defined aliases.  If --aa is
+              supplied, all alias definitions are removed.  The  return  value
               is true unless a supplied _n_a_m_e is not a defined alias.
 
        uunnsseett [-ffvv] [_n_a_m_e ...]
-              For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding  variable  or  function.
+              For  each  _n_a_m_e,  remove the corresponding variable or function.
               If no options are supplied, or the --vv option is given, each _n_a_m_e
-              refers to a shell variable.   Read-only  variables  may  not  be
-              unset.   If  --ff  is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func-
-              tion, and the function definition is removed.  Each unset  vari-
-              able  or function is removed from the environment passed to sub-
-              sequent commands.  If any of RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS,  LLIINNEENNOO,  HHIISSTTCCMMDD,
-              FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, or DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK are unset, they lose their special
-              properties, even if they are subsequently reset.  The exit  sta-
-              tus is true unless a _n_a_m_e is readonly.
+              refers  to  a  shell  variable.   Read-only variables may not be
+              unset.  If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to  a  shell  func-
+              tion,  and the function definition is removed.  Each unset vari-
+              able or function is removed from the environment passed to  sub-
+              sequent  commands.   If any of CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS,
+              LLIINNEENNOO, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, FFUUNNCCNNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, or DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK are  unset,  they
+              lose  their  special  properties,  even if they are subsequently
+              reset.  The exit status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is readonly.
 
        wwaaiitt [_n _._._.]
-              Wait  for each specified process and return its termination sta-
-              tus.  Each _n may be a process ID or a job  specification;  if  a
-              job  spec  is  given,  all  processes in that job's pipeline are
-              waited for.  If _n is not given, all currently active child  pro-
-              cesses  are  waited  for,  and  the return status is zero.  If _n
-              specifies a non-existent process or job, the  return  status  is
-              127.   Otherwise,  the  return  status is the exit status of the
+              Wait for each specified process and return its termination  sta-
+              tus.   Each  _n  may be a process ID or a job specification; if a
+              job spec is given, all processes  in  that  job's  pipeline  are
+              waited  for.  If _n is not given, all currently active child pro-
+              cesses are waited for, and the return  status  is  zero.   If  _n
+              specifies  a  non-existent  process or job, the return status is
+              127.  Otherwise, the return status is the  exit  status  of  the
               last process or job waited for.
 
 SSEEEE AALLSSOO
diff --git a/doc/builtins.ps b/doc/builtins.ps
index 7d00230d..539dfb0a 100644
--- a/doc/builtins.ps
+++ b/doc/builtins.ps
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 %!PS-Adobe-3.0
 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2
-%%CreationDate: Thu Feb  5 08:05:28 2009
+%%CreationDate: Wed Dec 30 13:07:37 2009
 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
 %%+ font Times-Bold
 %%+ font Times-Italic
 %%+ font Symbol
 %%+ font Courier
 %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 2
-%%Pages: 20
+%%Pages: 21
 %%PageOrder: Ascend
 %%DocumentMedia: Default 595 842 0 () ()
 %%Orientation: Portrait
@@ -251,344 +251,357 @@ imes, trap, true, type, typeset, ulimit, umask, unalias, unset, w)108
 .329 E(UIL)-.11 E(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063
 (Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 172.8 R .062(uiltin command documen\
 ted in this section as accepting options preceded by)-.2 F F2<ad>108
-184.8 Q F0(accepts)3.8 E F2<adad>3.8 E F0 1.3
-(to signify the end of the options.)3.8 F -.15(Fo)6.3 G 3.8(re).15 G 1.3
-(xample, the)-3.95 F F2(:)3.8 E F0(,)A F2(true)3.8 E F0(,)A F2(false)3.8
-E F0 3.8(,a)C(nd)-3.8 E F2(test)3.8 E F0 -.2(bu)3.8 G 1.3(iltins do not)
-.2 F(accept options.)108 196.8 Q F2(:)108 214.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F3 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 226.8 R
-.452(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F
-(xpanding)-.15 E F3(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an)
-3.221 F 2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. A)144
-238.8 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F2(.)110.5 255.6 Q F3
-(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sour)108
-267.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F3(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(guments)-.37 E
-F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 279.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02
-(cute commands from).15 F F3(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02
+184.8 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F2<adad>2.533 E F0 .034
+(to signify the end of the options.)2.533 F(The)5.034 E F2(:)2.534 E F0
+(,)A F2(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F2(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E
+F2(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .034(iltins do not accept options and)
+.2 F .078(do not treat)108 196.8 R F2<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E
+5.077(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.077 E F2(exit)2.577 E F0(,)A F2(logout)2.577 E F0
+(,)A F2(br)2.577 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(continue)2.577 E F0(,)A F2(let)
+2.577 E F0 2.577(,a)C(nd)-2.577 E F2(shift)2.577 E F0 -.2(bu)2.577 G
+.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108
+208.8 R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F2<ad>2.819 E F0 .319
+(without requiring)2.819 F F2<adad>2.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)
+-5.319 F .319(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32
+(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.144(accepting options interpret ar)
+108 220.8 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F2<ad>
+3.643 E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143
+(lid options and require).25 F F2<adad>3.643 E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 232.8 Q F2(:)108
+250.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A
+.451(No ef)144 262.8 R .451(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F
+.452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding)-.15 E F3(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452
+(and performing an)3.222 F 2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5
+(redirections. A)144 274.8 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E
+F2(.)110.5 291.6 Q F3(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(guments)-.37
+E F0(])A F2(sour)108 303.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F3(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3
+(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 315.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+1.02(cute commands from).15 F F3(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02
 (in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F
-(xit)-.15 E 1.68(status of the last command e)144 291.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(xit)-.15 E 1.68(status of the last command e)144 327.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
 1.68(cuted from).15 F F3(\214lename)4.18 E F0 6.68(.I).18 G(f)-6.68 E F3
 (\214lename)6.09 E F0 1.68(does not contain a slash, \214le)4.36 F .608
-(names in)144 303.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E
+(names in)144 339.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E
 F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F3
 (\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)
--5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .833(need not be e)144 315.6
-R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.333(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.333 E F0 .832
-(is not in)3.333 F F3 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .832
-(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .981
-(\214le is found in)144 327.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9
+-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 351.6
+R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.332 E F0 .832
+(is not in)3.332 F F3 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833
+(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982
+(\214le is found in)144 363.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9
 /Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F2(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18
 E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F2(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
-(iltin command is turned of).2 F .982(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144
-339.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.363 F .112(If an)5.112 F
+(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144
+375.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F
 (y)-.15 E F3(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F
 2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F3
-(\214lename)144 351.6 Q F0 .341(is e)2.841 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.841
-(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .341(the positional parameters are unchanged.)
-2.841 F .342(The return status is the)5.342 F .716
-(status of the last command e)144 363.6 R .716
+(\214lename)144 387.6 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842
+(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342(the positional parameters are unchanged.)
+2.842 F .341(The return status is the)5.341 F .716
+(status of the last command e)144 399.6 R .716
 (xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .715(alse if)-.1 F F3(\214lename)145.91 375.6
-Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F2(alias)108 392.4 Q F0([)
+.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F3(\214lename)145.91 411.6
+Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F2(alias)108 428.4 Q F0([)
 2.5 E F2<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F3(value)A F0 2.5(].)
-C(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144 404.4 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724
+C(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144 440.4 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724
 (guments or with the)-.18 F F2<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724
-(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F2(alias)5.225 E
-F3(name)144 416.4 Q F0(=)A F3(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F
+(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F2(alias)5.224 E
+F3(name)144 452.4 Q F0(=)A F3(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F
 .58(When ar)5.58 F .58
 (guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F3(name)
-3.08 E F0(whose)144 428.4 Q F3(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15
+3.08 E F0(whose)144 464.4 Q F3(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15
 (ve)-.25 G 2.895(n. A).15 F .395(trailing space in)2.895 F F3(value)
 5.395 E F0 .395(causes the ne)2.895 F .395(xt w)-.15 F .395
 (ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054
-(stitution when the alias is e)144 440.4 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054
+(stitution when the alias is e)144 476.4 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054
 (or each)-.15 F F3(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054
-(gument list for which no)-.18 F F3(value)2.554 E F0 .053(is sup-)2.553
-F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 452.4 R 1.314
+(gument list for which no)-.18 F F3(value)2.554 E F0 .054(is sup-)2.554
+F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 488.4 R 1.314
 (alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F2(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314
-(returns true unless a)3.814 F F3(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E
-(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 464.4 Q F2(bg)108 481.2 Q F0([)
-2.5 E F3(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .745(Resume each suspended job)144
-493.2 R F3(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745
-(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F2(&)3.244 E
-F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F3(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 505.2 Q F0 .671
-(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)
--3.171 F F3(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2
-(bg)5.672 E F3(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419
-(when job control is disabled or)144 517.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419
-(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G
-(peci\214ed)-2.918 E F3(jobspec)2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sn).1 G
-(ot)-2.918 E(found or w)144 529.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1
-E F2(bind)108 546 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0
-2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSV)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 558 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
+(returns true unless a)3.814 F F3(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E
+(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 500.4 Q F2(bg)108 517.2 Q F0([)
+2.5 E F3(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144
+529.2 R F3(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745
+(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F2(&)3.245 E
+F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F3(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 541.2 Q F0 .672
+(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)
+-3.172 F F3(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2
+(bg)5.671 E F3(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418
+(when job control is disabled or)144 553.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419
+(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G
+(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F3(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G
+(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 565.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1
+E F2(bind)108 582 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0
+2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSV)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 594 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
 <ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad71>-2.5 E F3
 (function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F3(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
-F2<ad72>-2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 570 Q F0([)
+F2<ad72>-2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 606 Q F0([)
 2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2<ad66>2.5 E F3
-(\214lename)2.5 E F2(bind)108 582 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G
+(\214lename)2.5 E F2(bind)108 618 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G
 (ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2<ad78>2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3
-(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 594 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5
+(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 630 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5
 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3
-(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 606 Q F3 -.37(re)2.5 G
-(adline\255command).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 618 R F2 -.18(re)
-2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239
-(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239
-(equence to a).15 F F2 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 .239(function or)
-2.739 F .476(macro, or set a)144 630 R F2 -.18(re)2.976 G(adline).18 E
-F0 -.25(va)2.976 G 2.976(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F
-.475(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .475(ould appear in)-.1 F F3
-(.inputr)144 642 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.983(,b).31 G .484
-(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.183 F
-.484(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5
-(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 654 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E
-.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6d>144 666
-Q F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 678 Q F3 -.1(ke)5.159 G(ymap)-.2
-E F0 2.659(as the k)5.349 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af).15 F 2.658
-(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.658 E F3 -.1(ke)
-180 690 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.192(names are)5.882 F F3 3.192
-(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.692 F 3.193
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+Q F0(Command names.)224 300 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
+E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 312 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 324 Q
+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 336
+Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 348 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184
+360 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)6.66 E(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184
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 -.25 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(\214le)184
-324 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5
-E F0(.)A F1(function)184 336 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 348 Q F1
-(gr)184 360 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)14.62 E
+384 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5
+E F0(.)A F1(function)184 396 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 408 Q F1
+(gr)184 420 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)14.62 E
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-372 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 384 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 396 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 408
+432 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 444 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2
+(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 456 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 468
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-(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 420 Q F0
+(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 480 Q F0
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-(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 432 S
-(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 444 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May)
+(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 492 S
+(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 504 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May)
 -.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(running)184
-456 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)5.54 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 468 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)10.67 E
-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 480 Q
+516 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)5.54 E -.15(ve)
+-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 528 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)10.67 E
+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 540 Q
 F0 -1.11(Va)14.45 G(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E
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-(shopt)184 492 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1
-(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 504 Q F0
-(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 516 Q F0
+(shopt)184 552 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1
+(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 564 Q F0
+(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 576 Q F0
 (Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)6.66 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(.)
-.15 E F1(user)184 528 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E
-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 540 S
+.15 E F1(user)184 588 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E
+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 600 S
 (riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)5.1 E 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F
-(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad47>144 552 Q F2
-(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.411(The \214lename e)184 564 R 1.411
-(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.911 E F0 1.411(is e)3.911 F 1.411
-(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 576 Q F1
-<ad57>144 588 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 600 Q F2(wor)3.639
-E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14(is split using the characters in the)3.639 F F3
-(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14(special v)3.39 F 1.14(ariable as delimiters, and)
--.25 F 2.008(each resultant w)184 612 R 2.008(ord is e)-.1 F 4.508
-(xpanded. The)-.15 F 2.007(possible completions are the members of the)
-4.508 F(resultant list which match the w)184 624 Q(ord being completed.)
--.1 E F1<ad43>144 636 Q F2(command)2.5 E(command)184 648 Q F0 1.055
-(is e)3.555 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
+(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad47>144 612 Q F2
+(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007(The pathname e)184 624 R 1.007(xpansion pattern)
+-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.008
+(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 636 Q F1
+<ad57>144 648 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 660 Q F2(wor)3.64 E
+(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F3
+(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)
+-.25 F 2.007(each resultant w)184 672 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507
+(xpanded. The)-.15 F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the)
+4.507 F(resultant list which match the w)184 684 Q(ord being completed.)
+-.1 E F1<ad43>144 696 Q F2(command)2.5 E(command)184 708 Q F0 1.056
+(is e)3.556 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
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-184 660 Q F1<ad46>144 672 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 1.181
-(The shell function)184 684 R F2(function)3.681 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 1.181(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 3.68
-(vironment. When)-.4 F 1.18(it \214n-)3.68 F .932
-(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 696 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.432(df).15 G .932(rom the v)-3.432 F .932(alue of the)-.25 F F3
-(COMPREPL)3.432 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.182 E -.25(va)184 708 S(riable.)
-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(4)203.725 E 0 Cg EP
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-(\214lterpat)184 96 Q F0 .733(is a pattern as used for \214lename e)
-3.234 F 3.233(xpansion. It)-.15 F .733
-(is applied to the list of possible)3.233 F 1.596
-(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 108 R 1.596
-(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 120 Q F2(\214lterpat)
-3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704
-(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0
-(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704
-(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 132 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad46>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(function)2.5 E F0
+1.18(The shell function)184 96 R F2(function)3.68 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681
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+(vironment. When)-.4 F 1.181(it \214n-)3.681 F .932
+(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
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+120 S(riable.).25 E F1<ad58>144 132 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)
+184 144 Q F0 .455(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.955 F 2.956
+(xpansion. It)-.15 F .456(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F
+1.596(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 156 R
+1.596(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 168 Q F2
+(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15
+G .704(rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)
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+G .705(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 180 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
 (ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E F1<ad50>144 144 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)
-184 156 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E F1<ad50>144 192 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)
+184 204 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534
 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F
--.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 168 Q F1<ad53>144 180 Q F2(suf)2.5 E
+-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 216 Q F1<ad53>144 228 Q F2(suf)2.5 E
 2.81(\214x suf)-.18 F<8c78>-.18 E F0
 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5
-E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E .467(The return v)144 196.8 R
-.467(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466
-(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.966 E F0
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-(plied without a)144 208.8 R F2(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361
-(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.662 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H
-1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 220.8 Q F0
+E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E .466(The return v)144 244.8 R
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+(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0
+(or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362
+(plied without a)144 256.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361
+(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H
+1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 268.8 Q F0
 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E
 (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E
-F1(compopt)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
-F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447
-(Modify completion options for each)144 249.6 R F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447
-(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 .447
-(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E .725
-(completion if no)144 261.6 R F2(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725
-(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)
-C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726
-(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 273.6 Q F2(name)
-3.224 E F0 .724(or the current completion.)3.224 F .724(The possible v)
+F1(compopt)108 285.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
+F1(\255DE)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
+(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 297.6 R
+F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0
+.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E .726
+(completion if no)144 309.6 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726
+(re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)
+C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725
+(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 321.6 Q F2(name)
+3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v)
 5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224
-F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 285.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)
-2.5 G(iltin described abo).2 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E .327(The return v)
-108 302.4 R .327(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .327
+F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 333.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)
+2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he)
+-5.297 E F1<ad44>2.797 E F0 .297
+(option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F
+1.227(the `)144 345.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\
+mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \
+no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 357.6 R 2.178
+(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.178 E F1<ad45>4.678 E F0 2.177
+(option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F(should apply to `)
+144 369.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G
+(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)-2.5
+E .327(The return v)108 386.4 R .327(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F
+-.25(va)-.4 G .327
 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the options for a)
-.25 F F2(name)108 314.4 Q F0(for which no completion speci\214cation e)
-2.5 E(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 331.2 Q
-F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 343.2 R 1.754
+.25 F F2(name)108 398.4 Q F0(for which no completion speci\214cation e)
+2.5 E(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 415.2 Q
+F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 427.2 R 1.754
 (xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A
 F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1
 (select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.613 E F0 1.753
-(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 355.2 R F2(n)3.709 E F0
-1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F3 10
+(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 439.2 R F2(n)3.709 E F0
+1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F4 10
 /Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n)4.069 E F0 1.209
 (is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514
-(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 367.2 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15
+(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 451.2 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15
 (ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513
 (The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.013 E F0(is)
-3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 379.2 Q F1(declar)108 396 Q
+3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 463.2 Q F1(declar)108 480 Q
 (e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0
 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1
-(typeset)108 408 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>
+(typeset)108 492 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>
 -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])
--2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 420 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564
+-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 504 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564
 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E
 F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765
 (nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F -.25
-(va)144 432 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983
+(va)144 516 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983
 (option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982
 (alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1
-<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 444 Q F2(name)3.579 E F0
+<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 528 Q F2(name)3.579 E F0
 (ar)3.579 E 1.079(guments, additional options are ignored.)-.18 F(When)
 6.079 E F1<ad70>3.579 E F0 1.079(is supplied without)3.579 F F2(name)
 3.58 E F0(ar)3.58 E(gu-)-.18 E .151(ments, it will display the attrib)
-144 456 R .151(utes and v)-.2 F .151(alues of all v)-.25 F .15
+144 540 R .151(utes and v)-.2 F .151(alues of all v)-.25 F .15
 (ariables ha)-.25 F .15(ving the attrib)-.2 F .15
-(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .046(additional options.)144 468 R .046
+(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .046(additional options.)144 552 R .046
 (If no other options are supplied with)5.046 F F1<ad70>2.547 E F0(,)A F1
 (declar)2.547 E(e)-.18 E F0 .047(will display the attrib)2.547 F .047
-(utes and)-.2 F -.25(va)144 480 S 1.363(lues of all shell v).25 F 3.863
+(utes and)-.2 F -.25(va)144 564 S 1.363(lues of all shell v).25 F 3.863
 (ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.863 E F0 1.362
 (option will restrict the display to shell functions.)3.863 F(The)6.362
 E F1<ad46>3.862 E F0 2.422(option inhibits the display of function de\
-\214nitions; only the function name and attrib)144 492 R 2.423(utes are)
--.2 F 2.664(printed. If)144 504 R(the)2.664 E F1(extdeb)2.664 E(ug)-.2 E
+\214nitions; only the function name and attrib)144 576 R 2.423(utes are)
+-.2 F 2.664(printed. If)144 588 R(the)2.664 E F1(extdeb)2.664 E(ug)-.2 E
 F0 .164(shell option is enabled using)2.664 F F1(shopt)2.664 E F0 2.664
 (,t)C .163(he source \214le name and line number)-2.664 F 1.382
-(where the function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 516 R(The)
+(where the function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 600 R(The)
 6.382 E F1<ad46>3.882 E F0 1.382(option implies)3.882 F F1<ad66>3.882 E
 F0 6.382(.T)C 1.382(he follo)-6.382 F(wing)-.25 E .794
-(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 528 R .794
+(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 612 R .794
 (ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 F
-1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 540 Q(utes:)-.2 E F1
-<ad61>144 552 Q F0(Each)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15
+1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 624 Q(utes:)-.2 E F1
+<ad61>144 636 Q F0(Each)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15
 (xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5
-E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad41>144 564 Q F0(Each)23.08
+E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad41>144 648 Q F0(Each)23.08
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-(abled; otherwise,)144 148.8 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.)
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\c)144 84 Q F0(suppress further output)28.78 E F1(\\e)
+144 96 Q F0(an escape character)28.78 E F1(\\f)144 108 Q F0(form feed)
+29.89 E F1(\\n)144 120 Q F0(ne)27.66 E 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)
+144 132 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144 144 Q F0(horizontal tab)
+29.89 E F1(\\v)144 156 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144
+168 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F1(\\0)144 180 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)
+A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.22 E(alue is the octal v)-.25 E
+(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1
+(\\x)144 192 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E
+(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0
+(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1
+(enable)108 208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E
+F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5
+E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 220.8 R .278
+(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278
+(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833
+(the same name as a shell b)144 232.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99
+(the shell normally searches for b)144 244.8 R .989
+(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .989
+(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F 1.581
+(abled; otherwise,)144 256.8 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.)
 4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F
 F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF -.666(PA)4.082 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 160.8
+SF -.666(PA)4.082 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 268.8
 R .081(uiltin v)-.2 F .081(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .081
 (enable -n test)2.581 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.58 E F0 .08
-(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 172.8 S 1.524
+(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 280.8 S 1.524
 (iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.384 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F
 F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524
-(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 184.8 Q F1<ad64>
+(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 292.8 Q F1<ad64>
 2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F
 .367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn)
 -5.366 G(o)-2.866 E F2(name)2.866 E F0(ar)2.866 E .366(guments are gi)
--.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 196.8 R F1<ad70>
+-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 304.8 R F1<ad70>
 2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399
 (uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.399 G .399(th no other option ar).4
 F .399(guments, the)-.18 F .099(list consists of all enabled shell b)144
-208.8 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
+316.8 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
 (is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .098(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F
 (If)5.098 E F1<ad61>2.598 E F0 1.916
-(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 220.8 R 1.916
+(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 328.8 R 1.916
 (uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879
-(enabled. If)144 232.8 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379
+(enabled. If)144 340.8 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379
 (is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.879 F F2(special)
 2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.878 G 2.878(iltins. The).2 F .378(return v)2.878 F
-(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 244.8 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994
+(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 352.8 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994
 (is not a shell b)3.674 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne)
 -.2 F 3.495(wb)-.25 G .995(uiltin from a shared)-3.695 F(object.)144
-256.8 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 273.6 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37
-E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 285.6 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C
+364.8 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 381.6 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37
+E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 393.6 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C
 .671(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F
-.67(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 297.6 R -.15(xe)-.15
+.67(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 405.6 R -.15(xe)-.15
 G .495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495
 (xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15
 (ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no)
--2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 309.6 Q
+-2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 417.6 Q
 (guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1
-(exec)108 326.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
+(exec)108 434.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
 (name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)
--.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 338.4 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306
+-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 446.4 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306
 (is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805
 (wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E
-(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 350.4 R .176
+(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 458.4 R .176
 (guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G
 (he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176
 (option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177
-(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 362.4 R .5(gument passed to)-.18
+(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 470.4 R .5(gument passed to)-.18
 F F2(command)3 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2(lo)2.999
 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F1<ad63>2.999 E F0
-.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 374.4 Q F0 .638
+.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 482.4 Q F0 .638
 (to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138
 (vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638
 (is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the)
-3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 386.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
+3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 494.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
 (xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0
 1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a)
-.15 F(non-interacti)144 398.4 Q .617 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .317(hell e).15 F
+.15 F(non-interacti)144 506.4 Q .617 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .317(hell e).15 F
 .317(xits, unless the shell option)-.15 F F1(execfail)2.817 E F0 .318
 (is enabled, in which case it returns f)2.817 F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505
-(ure. An)144 410.4 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005
+(ure. An)144 518.4 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005
 (hell returns f).15 F .005(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1 F -.15
 (xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If).15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005
-(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 422.4 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536
+(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 530.4 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536
 (edirections tak)-3.036 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536
 (ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536
-(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 434.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G
-(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 451.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 542.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G
+(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 559.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
 6.29(]C)C .096(ause the shell to e)-6.29 F .096(xit with a status of)
 -.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095
 (is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command)
--.15 F -.15(exe)144 463.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5
+-.15 F -.15(exe)144 571.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5
 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E
-F1(export)108 480 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5
-E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 492 Q F0
-.256(The supplied)144 504 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F
+F1(export)108 588 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5
+E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 600 Q F0
+.256(The supplied)144 612 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F
 .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257
 (vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627
-(commands. If)144 516 R(the)2.627 E F1<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127
+(commands. If)144 624 R(the)2.627 E F1<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127
 (option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2(names)2.987 E
 F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E
 F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>
-144 528 Q F0 .659(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)
+144 636 Q F0 .659(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)
 3.159 F .66(xported in this shell is printed.)-.15 F(The)5.66 E F1<ad6e>
-3.16 E F0(option)3.16 E 1.587(causes the e)144 540 R 1.587
+3.16 E F0(option)3.16 E 1.587(causes the e)144 648 R 1.587
 (xport property to be remo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.086(df).15 G 1.586
 (rom each)-4.086 F F2(name)4.086 E F0 6.586(.I)C 4.086(fav)-6.586 G
-1.586(ariable name is follo)-4.336 F 1.586(wed by)-.25 F(=)144 552 Q F2
+1.586(ariable name is follo)-4.336 F 1.586(wed by)-.25 F(=)144 660 Q F2
 (wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.803(,t)C .303(he v)-2.803 F .303(alue of the v)-.25
 F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
 (export)5.304 E F0 .304(returns an e)2.804 F .304
 (xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .294
-(option is encountered, one of the)144 564 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293
+(option is encountered, one of the)144 672 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293
 (is not a v)2.793 F .293(alid shell v)-.25 F .293(ariable name, or)-.25
-F F1<ad66>2.793 E F0 .293(is supplied with a)2.793 F F2(name)144.36 576
-Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 592.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+F F1<ad66>2.793 E F0 .293(is supplied with a)2.793 F F2(name)144.36 684
+Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 700.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
 <ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108
-604.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .477(Fix Command.)144 616.8 R .478
+<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A(GNU Bash-4.0)72
+768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(7)203.725 E 0 Cg EP
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(fc \255s)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .477
+(Fix Command.)144 96 R .478
 (In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.477 F F2<8c72>4.888 E
 (st)-.1 E F0(to)3.658 E F2(last)3.068 E F0 .478
-(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 628.8 R F2 -.45
-(Fi)5.882 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.062 E F2(last)3.472 E F0 .882
+(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .882(tory list.)144 108 R F2 -.45(Fi)
+5.882 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.062 E F2(last)3.472 E F0 .882
 (may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command be)4.062 F
 .881(ginning with)-.15 F .797(that string\) or as a number \(an inde)144
-640.8 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F
+120 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F
 -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.097 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .797(umber is used as an)
-.15 F(of)144 652.8 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
+.15 F(of)144 132 Q .277(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F
 (If)5.277 E F2(last)2.867 E F0 .276
 (is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.457 F .092
-(for listing \(so that)144 664.8 R F4 .092(fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0
-.092(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.592 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1
-E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .093
-(is not)3.273 F(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 676.8 Q
-(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 700.8
-Q F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
+(for listing \(so that)144 144 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .092
+(fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0 .092(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)
+2.592 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72>
+4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .093(is not)3.273 F
+(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 156 Q
+(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 180 Q
+F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
 (option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E
 F1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
-(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 712.8 R .438(If the)
-5.438 F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
+(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 192 R .438(If the)5.438
+F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
 (n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
-.335(the editor gi)144 724.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E
-F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835
-(do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835
-F(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(n,).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(7)203.725 E 0 Cg
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-%%Page: 8 8
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .63(the v)
-144 84 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0
--.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 F
-F1(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F1(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631
-(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F 1.884(ther v)144 96 R 1.884
-(ariable is set, is used.)-.25 F 1.884
+.335(the editor gi)144 204 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F2
+(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do)
+.1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F
+(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 216 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F
+.631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT)
+3.131 E F0 .631(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F 1.884(ther v)
+144 228 R 1.884(ariable is set, is used.)-.25 F 1.884
 (When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)6.884 F
--.15(exe)144 108 S(cuted.).15 E .039(In the second form,)144 132 R/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.539 E F0 .039(is re-e)2.539 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G .039(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)2.54 E F0 .04
-(is replaced by)2.54 F F2 -.37(re)2.54 G(p).37 E F0 5.04(.A)C(useful)
--2.5 E .406(alias to use with this is)144 144 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .406
-(r='fc \255s')2.906 F F0 2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)
--2.906 F F3 6.406(rc)2.906 G(c)-6.406 E F0 .406
-(runs the last command be)2.906 F .406(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)144 156
-Q F0(and typing)2.5 E F3(r)2.5 E F0(re-e)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cutes the last command.).15 E .142
-(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 180 R .142
+-.15(exe)144 240 S(cuted.).15 E .039(In the second form,)144 264 R F2
+(command)2.539 E F0 .039(is re-e)2.539 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .039
+(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)2.54 E F0 .04(is replaced by)
+2.54 F F2 -.37(re)2.54 G(p).37 E F0 5.04(.A)C(useful)-2.5 E .406
+(alias to use with this is)144 276 R F3 .406(r='fc \255s')2.906 F F0
+2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)-2.906 F F3 6.406(rc)2.906
+G(c)-6.406 E F0 .406(runs the last command be)2.906 F .406(ginning with)
+-.15 F F3(cc)144 288 Q F0(and typing)2.5 E F3(r)2.5 E F0(re-e)2.5 E -.15
+(xe)-.15 G(cutes the last command.).15 E .142
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 (ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363
-(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 292.8 Q
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-(as started without job control.)-.1 F F4(getopts)108 309.6 Q F2
-(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F4(getopts)144
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+(as started without job control.)-.1 F F1(getopts)108 441.6 Q F2
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 (is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F2
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-(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 333.6 R .149
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--.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 345.6 Q .578
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 (The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665
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 (ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893
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-E F1(help)108 208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(pattern)
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+(time stamp and the history line.)144 530.4 R(If)5.176 E F2(\214lename)
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+(is supplied, it is used as the name of the history \214le; if)2.676 F
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+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 554.4 Q F0
 (Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)25.86 E F1<ad64>144
-465.6 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position)
-180 477.6 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 489.6 Q F0 .598
+566.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position)
+180 578.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 590.4 Q F0 .598
 (Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.098('h)-.74 G .598
 (istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.098 F .599
-(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 501.6 Q F0
-(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 513.6 Q F0 .854(Rea\
+(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 602.4 Q F0
+(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 614.4 Q F0 .854(Rea\
 d the history lines not already read from the history \214le into the c\
 urrent history list.)24.74 F .772
-(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 525.6 R
+(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 626.4 R
 .773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E
-(sion.)180 537.6 Q F1<ad72>144 549.6 Q F0(Read the contents of the hist\
+(sion.)180 638.4 Q F1<ad72>144 650.4 Q F0(Read the contents of the hist\
 ory \214le and use them as the current history)25.86 E(.)-.65 E F1<ad77>
-144 561.6 Q F0(Write the current history to the history \214le, o)23.08
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-2.975(output. Does)180 585.6 R .475
+2.975(output. Does)180 686.4 R .475
 (not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F2(ar)
 2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F
-(normal history e)180 597.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 609.6 Q F0
+(normal history e)180 698.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 710.4 Q F0
 .363(Store the)26.41 F F2(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363
 (in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362
-(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 621.6 Q -.15
+(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 722.4 Q -.15
 (ve)-.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0
-(are added.)2.77 E .28(If the)144 638.4 R F1(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.78 E(T)-.95
-E F0 .28
-(is set, the time stamp information associated with each history entry)
-2.78 F .54(is written to the history \214le, mark)144 650.4 R .539
-(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.539(.W)-.55 G .539
-(hen the history \214le is)-5.539 F 1.778(read, lines be)144 662.4 R
-1.778(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.779
-(wed immediately by a digit are)-.25 F 1.424
-(interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 674.4 R 1.424
-(vious history line.)-.25 F 1.424(The return v)6.424 F 1.424
-(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .499(option is e\
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-, an in)144 686.4 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)3 E(fset)-.18 E F0(is)
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-(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15
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-72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(9)203.725 E 0 Cg EP
+(are added.)2.77 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(9)203.725
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-/Times-Bold@0 SF(jobs)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C/F2
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+(va)2.395 G .145
+(riable is set, the time stamp information associated with each history)
+.25 F .669(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 96 R .669
+(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.668(.W)-.55 G .668
+(hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 108 R .956
+(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956
+(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .416
+(are interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 120 R .416
+(vious history line.)-.25 F .416(The return v)5.416 F .415
+(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .499(option is e\
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+, an in)144 132 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(of)3 E
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 (command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E
-(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 108 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5
+(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 184.8 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5
 (obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 120 Q F0
-(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)27.52 E F1
-<ad70>144 132 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5(sp)
--.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 144 Q F0 .194
-(Display information only about jobs that ha)24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)-.2
-H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F
-(\214ed of their status.)180 156 Q F1<ad72>144 168 Q F0
-(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 180 Q F0
-(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 196.8 Q F2(jobspec)
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F3<ad6c>144 196.8 Q F0
+(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)27.52 E F3
+<ad70>144 208.8 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5
+(sp)-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F3<ad6e>144 220.8 Q F0
+.194(Display information only about jobs that ha)24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)
+-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F
+(\214ed of their status.)180 232.8 Q F3<ad72>144 244.8 Q F0
+(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F3<ad73>144 256.8 Q F0
+(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 273.6 Q F2(jobspec)
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 (n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T)
--.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 208.8 Q -.25
+-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 285.6 Q -.25
 (va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25
-E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 225.6 R F1
-<ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0
+E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 302.4 R F3
+<ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F3(jobs)2.894 E F0
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-(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 237.6 Q
+(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 314.4 Q
 -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar)
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-F1(kill)108 254.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1
-<ad6e>2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1<ad>2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5
-(][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1
-(kill \255l)108 266.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5
-G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 278.4 R F2
+F3(kill)108 331.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F3<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F3
+<ad6e>2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F3<ad>2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5
+(][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F3
+(kill \255l)108 343.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5
+G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 355.2 R F2
 (sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E F2(signum)2.959 E F0 .119
 (to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.87 E F0(or)3.39 E F2
 (jobspec)2.62 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.46 E F0(is)2.93 E .319
-(either a case-insensiti)144 290.4 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319
-(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318
-(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318
-(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 302.4 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0
+(either a case-insensiti)144 367.2 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319
+(ignal name such as).15 F F1(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318
+(\(with or without the)2.569 F F1(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318
+(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 379.2 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0
 1.349(is a signal number)4.168 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec)
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-F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)
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+1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 391.2 Q .523(gument of)-.18
+F F3<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)
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-.18 F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523
-(n, the names).15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 326.4
+.18 F F3<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523
+(n, the names).15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 403.2
 R .28(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E
-F2 -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 338.4 Q .378(gument to)-.18 F
-F1<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378
+F2 -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 415.2 Q .378(gument to)-.18 F
+F3<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378
 (is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.878 F .377
-(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .593(nated by a signal.)144 350.4
-R F1(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F
+(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .593(nated by a signal.)144 427.2
+R F3(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F
 .593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .594(alse if an error)-.1 F
-(occurs or an in)144 362.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.)
-.25 E F1(let)108 379.2 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37
-E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 391.2 Q F2(ar)3.965 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.135
-(is an arithmetic e)3.855 F 1.134(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25
-G 1.134(luated \(see).25 F F3 1.134(ARITHMETIC EV)3.634 F(ALU)-1.215 E
--.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F0 1.134(If the)
-5.634 F(last)144 403.2 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G
-(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)
-2.5 E F1(local)108 420 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5
-E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 432 S 2.56(re)
-.15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)
--.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F2(value)
-2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)-5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F
-(an)144 444 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653
-(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
-C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652
+(occurs or an in)144 439.2 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.)
+.25 E F3(let)108 456 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E
+F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 468 Q F2(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197
+(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G
+.196(luated \(see).25 F F1 .196(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855
+(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F
+(the last)144 480 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G
+(luates to 0,).25 E F3(let)2.5 E F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)
+2.5 E F3(local)108 496.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)
+-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 508.8 S
+2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06
+(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned)
+2.74 F F2(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)-5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0
+.06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 520.8 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653
+(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F3(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
+C(hen)-5.652 E F3(local)3.152 E F0 .652
 (is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144
-456 Q F2(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861
+532.8 Q F2(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861
 (isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)144 468 Q F0 1.165
+(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F3(local)144 544.8 Q F0 1.165
 (writes a list of local v)3.665 F 1.165
 (ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use)
-6.165 F F1(local)3.664 E F0 1.164(when not)3.664 F .232
-(within a function.)144 480 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232 F
-F1(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F -.25
-(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)3.093 E F0(is)2.913 E(supplied, or)144 492 Q
-F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(logout)108
-508.8 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F1(map\214le)108 525.6 Q F0([)2.5
-E F1<ad6e>A F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0
-2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)
-2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re)108 537.6 S(adarray).18 E F0([)
-2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5
-E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E
-F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2
-(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0
-2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A 1.006
-(Read lines from the standard input into array v)144 549.6 R(ariable)
--.25 E F2(arr)3.506 E(ay)-.15 E F0 3.506(,o).32 G 3.506(rf)-3.506 G
-1.006(rom \214le descriptor)-3.506 F F2(fd)3.506 E F0 1.005(if the)3.506
-F F1<ad75>3.505 E F0 1.086(option is supplied.)144 561.6 R 1.086(The v)
-6.086 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(MAPFILE)3.586 E F0 1.086(is the def)3.586 F
-(ault)-.1 E F2(arr)3.587 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.087(.O)C 1.087
-(ptions, if supplied, ha)-6.087 F 1.387 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E(follo)
-144 573.6 Q(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6e>144 585.6 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5
-(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F2(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18
-F F2(count)2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1<ad4f>144 597.6
-Q F0(Be)22.52 E(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0
-(at inde)2.82 E(x)-.15 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E
-(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 609.6
-Q F0(Discard the \214rst)26.41 E F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1
-<ad74>144 621.6 Q F0(Remo)26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
-(railing line from each line read.).15 E F1<ad75>144 633.6 Q F0
+6.165 F F3(local)3.664 E F0 1.164(when not)3.664 F .232
+(within a function.)144 556.8 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232
+F F3(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F
+-.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)3.093 E F0(is)2.913 E(supplied, or)144
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-F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad>-2.5 E F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E
-F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E
-(ompt)-.45 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F2(timeout)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
-<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .516(\
-One line is read from the standard input, or from the \214le descriptor)
-144 136.8 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516
-(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 148.8 Q F1<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .488(If the)
+144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488
+(command is successful, a)2.988 F F1(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488
+(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F
+F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 96 R/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039
+(ith the second form,)-.4 F F1(pushd)3.539 E F0 1.039
+(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144 108 R
+3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack element is \
+speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144
+120 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108
+136.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
+(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 148.8 R .845
+(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844
+(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144
+160.8 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
+.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1
+(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264
+(enabled. If)144 172.8 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
+(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264
+F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\
+ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 184.8 R -.25(va)
+-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 196.8 Q F1 -.18(re)108 213.6 S
+(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad61>-3.817 E F2
+(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad64>-3.817 E F2(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817
+(][)C F1<ad69>-3.817 E F2(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad6e>
+-3.817 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad4e>-3.816 E
+F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad70>-3.816 E F2(pr)
+3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad74>-3.816 E F2(timeout)3.816 E F0
+3.816(][)C F1<ad75>-3.816 E F2(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 225.6 Q F2(name)A
+F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, or from th\
+e \214le descriptor)144 237.6 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar)
+3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 249.6 Q F1<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038
 (option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst)
 -.1 F F2(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G .039(he second w)-2.539 F .039
 (ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E F0(,).18 E .42
-(and so on, with lefto)144 160.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42
+(and so on, with lefto)144 261.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42
 (ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42
 (ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I)
-.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 172.8 R .54(wer w)-.25
+.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 273.6 R .54(wer w)-.25
 F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \
-are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 184.8 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011
+are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 285.6 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011
 (characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011
 (are used to split the line into w)2.261 F 2.511(ords. The)-.1 F .011
 (backslash character \()2.511 F F1(\\)A F0 2.51(\)m)C(ay)-2.51 E 1.89
-(be used to remo)144 196.8 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
+(be used to remo)144 297.6 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H
 1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.891
 (xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F
-(Options, if supplied, ha)144 208.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 220.8 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
-180 232.8 R 1.049
+(Options, if supplied, ha)144 309.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 321.6 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
+180 333.6 R 1.049
 (ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
 -.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F
-F2(aname)180.33 244.8 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
+F2(aname)180.33 345.6 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
-(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 256.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
-F0(The \214rst character of)180 268.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
+(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 357.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
+F0(The \214rst character of)180 369.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
 (is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E
-F1<ad65>144 280.8 Q F0 .372
+F1<ad65>144 381.6 Q F0 .372
 (If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re)
 2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E
 -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218
-(to obtain the line.)180 292.8 R .218
+(to obtain the line.)180 393.6 R .218
 (Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218
 (ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E
-(acti)180 304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E
-F1<ad69>144 316.8 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.715
+(acti)180 405.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E
+F1<ad69>144 417.6 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.715
 G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)
 2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E
-.216(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 328.8 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144
-340.8 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 352.8 S(ad).18 E
+.216(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 429.6 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144
+441.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 453.6 S(ad).18 E
 F0 1.395(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E
 F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394
-(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input.)180 364.8 Q F1<ad70>144
-376.8 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 388.8 Q F2(pr)3.66 E
-(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161
+(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input, b)180 465.6 Q
+(ut honor a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E
+(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1
+<ad4e>144 477.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 489.6 S
+(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)
+3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F
+1.27(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275
+(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 501.6 R F1 -.18(re)
+2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274
+(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.274 F 1.002
+(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 513.6
+R F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)
+3.503 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 525.6 Q F1<ad70>
+144 537.6 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 549.6 Q F2(pr)3.661 E
+(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161
 (ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)
--.25 F(an)180 400.8 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
+-.25 F(an)180 561.6 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
 (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
-<ad72>144 412.8 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
-25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of)
--5.543 F(the line.)180 424.8 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
+<ad72>144 573.6 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of)
+-5.543 F(the line.)180 585.6 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G
 (ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)
--.25 E F1<ad73>144 436.8 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
+-.25 E F1<ad73>144 597.6 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
 (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
-<ad74>144 448.8 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 460.8 Q F1 -.18(re)3.548
-G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.548 F 1.048
+<ad74>144 609.6 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 621.6 Q F1 -.18(re)3.549
+G(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048
 (ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout)
-180 472.8 Q F0(seconds.)3.497 E F2(timeout)5.997 E F0 .997
-(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.497 F(wing)
--.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 484.8 R .576(This option is only ef)
+180 633.6 Q F0(seconds.)3.496 E F2(timeout)5.996 E F0 .997
+(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.496 F(wing)
+-.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 645.6 R .576(This option is only ef)
 5.576 F(fecti)-.25 E .876 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)3.076 G
-(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .142
-(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 496.8 R .142
-(fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.141 E
-F2(timeout)2.641 E F0 .141(is 0,)2.641 F F1 -.18(re)180 508.8 S(ad).18 E
-F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.613 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113
-(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .114
-(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 520.8 Q
+(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .141
+(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 657.6 R .142
+(fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.142 E
+F2(timeout)2.642 E F0 .142(is 0,)2.642 F F1 -.18(re)180 669.6 S(ad).18 E
+F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.614 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113
+(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .113
+(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 681.6 Q
 (xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 E(xceeded.)-.15
-E F1<ad75>144 532.8 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)
-14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .192(If no)144 549.6 R F2(names)3.052 E F0
-.192(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.962 F(ariable)
--.25 E F3(REPL)2.691 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .191
-(The return code is zero,)4.691 F 1.343
-(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 561.6 R F1 -.18(re)3.843 G(ad)
+E F1<ad75>144 693.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)
+14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191(If no)144 710.4 R F2(names)3.051 E F0
+.191(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable)
+-.25 E F3(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192
+(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344
+(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 722.4 R F1 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad)
 .18 E F0 1.343
-(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.843 F
-(128\), or an in)144 573.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
-(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar).25 E(gument to)-.18 E F1
-<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 590.4 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1
-(\255aA)A(pf)-.25 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E
-F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 602.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2
-(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77
-(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77
-(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 614.4 R
-1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097
-(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2
-(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 626.4 Q 3.334(ed. The)
+(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F
+(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(12)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 13 13
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E
+(128\), or an in)144 84 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
+(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar).25 E(gument to)-.18 E/F1
+10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 100.8 S(adonly).18 E
+F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aA)A(pf)-.25 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77
+(The gi)144 112.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77
+(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F
+F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097
+(quent assignment.)144 124.8 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0
+1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2
+(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 136.8 Q 3.334(ed. The)
 -.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834
 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the)
 -3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-)
--.25 E .537(ables to associati)144 638.4 R .837 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.037
+-.25 E .538(ables to associati)144 148.8 R .838 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.038
 (rrays. If).15 F(no)3.038 E F2(name)3.398 E F0(ar)3.218 E .538
 (guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .538(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>
-3.038 E F0 .538(option is supplied, a list)3.038 F .081
-(of all readonly names is printed.)144 650.4 R(The)5.081 E F1<ad70>2.581
-E F0 .08(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may)2.581
-F 1.176(be reused as input.)144 662.4 R 1.176(If a v)6.176 F 1.176
+3.038 E F0 .537(option is supplied, a list)3.038 F .08
+(of all readonly names is printed.)144 160.8 R(The)5.08 E F1<ad70>2.58 E
+F0 .081(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may)2.58 F
+1.177(be reused as input.)144 172.8 R 1.177(If a v)6.177 F 1.176
 (ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.176(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
-3.676(,t)C 1.176(he v)-3.676 F 1.177(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.177
-(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)144 674.4 Q(d)-.37 E F0 6.206(.T)C
-1.206(he return status is 0 unless an in)-6.206 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.205
-(lid option is encountered, one of the).25 F F2(names)4.065 E F0 1.205
-(is not a)3.975 F -.25(va)144 686.4 S(lid shell v).25 E
+3.676(,t)C 1.176(he v)-3.676 F 1.176(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.176
+(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)144 184.8 Q(d)-.37 E F0 6.205(.T)C
+1.205(he return status is 0 unless an in)-6.205 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.206
+(lid option is encountered, one of the).25 F F2(names)4.066 E F0 1.206
+(is not a)3.976 F -.25(va)144 196.8 S(lid shell v).25 E
 (ariable name, or)-.25 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(is supplied with a)2.5 E F2
-(name)2.86 E F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 703.2 S
-(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .586
-(Causes a function to e)144 715.2 R .587(xit with the return v)-.15 F
+(name)2.86 E F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 213.6 S
+(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .587
+(Causes a function to e)144 225.6 R .587(xit with the return v)-.15 F
 .587(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)3.087 E F0 5.587(.I).24 G(f)-5.587
-E F2(n)3.447 E F0 .587(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335
-(that of the last command e)144 727.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335
+E F2(n)3.447 E F0 .586(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335
+(that of the last command e)144 237.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335
 (cuted in the function body).15 F 6.335(.I)-.65 G 3.835(fu)-6.335 G
-1.335(sed outside a function, b)-3.835 F 1.335(ut during)-.2 F
-(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(12)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
-%%Page: 13 13
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E -.15(exe)144
-84 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(.)3.294
-E F0(\()5.794 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.294(\)c)C .794
-(ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .795
-(cuting that script).15 F .246(and return either)144 96 R/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.106 E F0 .246(or the e)2.986 F .246
-(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .246
-(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .245(xit sta-)-.15 F .081
-(tus of the script.)144 108 R .082
+1.335(sed outside a function, b)-3.835 F 1.335(ut during)-.2 F -.15(exe)
+144 249.6 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.294 E F0(\()
+5.794 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.294(\)c)C .794
+(ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .794
+(cuting that script).15 F .245(and return either)144 261.6 R F2(n)3.105
+E F0 .246(or the e)2.985 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .246
+(xit sta-)-.15 F .082(tus of the script.)144 273.6 R .082
 (If used outside a function and not during e)5.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .082
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-E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 458.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2
-(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 470.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\
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-<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F
-(all)180 494.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)
-2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 506.4 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2
-(optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0
-(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .128
-(If either)144 523.2 R F1<ad73>2.628 E F0(or)2.628 E F1<ad75>2.628 E F0
-.127(is used with no)2.627 F F2(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127
-(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.023
-(are set or unset, respecti)144 535.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.023
-(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.023 F F1(shopt)3.524 E F0
-1.024(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.524 F(def)144 547.2 Q(ault.)
--.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
-564 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
-4.044 F .696
+<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F
+(all)180 710.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)
+2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6f>144 84 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E
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+(iltin.).2 E .127(If either)144 100.8 R F1<ad73>2.627 E F0(or)2.627 E F1
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+2.627 E .127(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18
+F 1.024(are set or unset, respecti)144 112.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+6.024(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.024 F F1(shopt)3.523
+E F0 1.023(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.523 F(def)144 124.8 Q
+(ault.)-.1 E 1.544
+(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 141.6 R F2
+(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.045 F .696
 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 576 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell)
--.25 F(option.)144 588 Q(The list of)144 604.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
-(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 622.8 Q F0 .2
+144 153.6 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695
+(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 165.6 Q(The list of)144 182.4 Q F1(shopt)
+2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 200.4 Q F0 .199
 (If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 634.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
+(ment to the)184 212.4 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
 (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 646.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 658.8 R .155
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156
+F1(cdable_v)144 224.4 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 236.4 R .156
+(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 670.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 682.8 Q F0
+(name of a v)184 248.4 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
+(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 260.4 Q F0
 1.055
 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
-10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987
-(corrected. The)184 694.8 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487
-(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .552(one character too man)184 706.8 R 4.352 -.65
+10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
+(corrected. The)184 272.4 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
+(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 284.4 R 4.352 -.65
 (y. I)-.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552
 (orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 718.8 Q
+(the command proceeds.)184 296.4 Q
 (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.)
-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(checkhash)144 84 Q F0 2.079(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)
-4.579 E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F
-2.08(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 108 S(cute it.).15 E
+.15 E F1(checkhash)144 308.4 Q F0 2.08(If set,)184 320.4 R F1(bash)4.58
+E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079
+(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 332.4 S(cute it.).15 E
 (If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 120 Q
-F0 .449(If set,)184 132 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449
-(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448
-(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 144 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G
-.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938
-(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 1.456
-(attempted without an interv)184 156 R 1.456(ening command \(see)-.15 F
-F1 1.456(JOB CONTR)3.956 F(OL)-.3 E F0(abo)3.956 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.956
-(\). The).15 F(shell)3.956 E(al)184 168 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys postpones e).1
-E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1
-(checkwinsize)144 180 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 192 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0
-.796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G .797
-(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G .797
-(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 204 S(lues of).25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F2(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A
-F1(cmdhist)144 216 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202
+(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 344.4
+Q F0 .448(If set,)184 356.4 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
+(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449
+(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 368.4 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G
+.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938
+(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203
+(attempted without an interv)184 380.4 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15
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+-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 392.4 Q -.1(wa)
+-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G
+(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 404.4 Q F0 .797(If set,)184
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+.796(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G
+.796(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 428.4 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5
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+144 440.4 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202
 (attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202
 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184
-228 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
-(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 240 Q
-F0 .419(If set,)184 252 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha)2.919
-F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .42(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)
--.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the conditional command')184 264 Q 2.5(s=)-.55
-G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(dirspell)144 276 Q F0 .859
-(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858
+452.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
+(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 464.4
+Q F0 .42(If set,)184 476.4 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92
+F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419
+(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E
+(to the conditional command')184 488.4 Q 2.5(s=)-.55 G 2.5(~o)-2.5 G
+(perator)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(compat32)144 500.4 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184
+512.4 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409
+(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41
+(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F
+(string comparison when using the conditional command')184 524.4 Q 2.5
+(s<a)-.55 G(nd > operators.)-2.5 E F1(compat40)144 536.4 Q F0 1.41
+(If set,)184 548.4 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F
+1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409
+(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 1.692
+(string comparison when using the conditional command')184 560.4 R 4.193
+(s<a)-.55 G 1.693(nd > operators and the)-4.193 F(ef)184 572.4 Q
+(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 E F1(dirspell)144 584.4 Q F0
+.859(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858
 (attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858
 (ord completion if)-.1 F
-(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 288 Q(xist.)-.15 E
-F1(dotglob)144 300 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165
+(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 596.4 Q(xist.)-.15
+E F1(dotglob)144 608.4 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165
 (includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i)
 -.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F
-(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 312 Q F0 1.387
+(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 620.4 Q F0 1.387
 (If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.687 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386
 (hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 324 Q
+1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 632.4 Q
 (gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E
 (An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15
-E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 336 Q F0
-.716(If set, aliases are e)184 348 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15
-F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0 .717
-(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 360 Q(ault for interacti)-.1
-E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 372 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
-(If set, beha)184 384 Q(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E
-(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 396 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.251 E
-F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)
-4.251 G 1.751(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F
-(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 408 Q
-(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 420 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5
-F F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F
-1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 432
-Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 444 Q F0 .841
+E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 644.4 Q
+F0 .716(If set, aliases are e)184 656.4 R .717(xpanded as described abo)
+-.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(ALIASES)3.217 E F4(.)A F0
+.717(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 668.4 Q
+(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144
+680.4 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 692.4 Q
+(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184
+704.4 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.251 E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1
+(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751
+(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F
+(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 716.4
+Q(gument.)-.18 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(16)198.725
+E 0 Cg EP
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
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+/Times-Bold@0 SF(2.)184 84 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5 F
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+(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 96 Q
+-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 108 Q F0 .841
 (If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.341 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841
 (trap returns a v)3.341 F .84(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15
-(exe)220 456 S .488
+(exe)220 120 S .488
 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F
 -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1
-(sour)220 468 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1
--.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1 26(4. B)184
-480 R(ASH_ARGC)-.3 E F0(and)3.776 E F1 -.3(BA)3.776 G(SH_ARGV).3 E F0
-1.275(are updated as described in their descrip-)3.776 F(tions abo)220
-492 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 504 Q F0 1.359
+(sour)220 132 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1
+-.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1(4.)184 144 Q
+/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)28.5 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.154 E F2
+-.27(BA)3.404 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904
+(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 156 Q
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 168 Q F0 1.359
 (Function tracing is enabled:)28.5 F 1.359
 (command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)6.359 F(shells in)220
-516 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10
+180 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F3 10
 /Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1
 (DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)
-184 528 Q F0 .805(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .804
-(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.805 F(in)220 540
-Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4
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+(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.805 F(in)220 204
+Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F3
 (command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E(OR)-.3 E F0
-(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 552 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4
+(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 216 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4
 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u)
--.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 564 Q
-F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 576 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 588 R
-F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973
-E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within)
--4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G
-(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 600 Q
-(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 612 Q F0
+-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 228 Q
+F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 240 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 252 R
+F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F3(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973
+E F0(")A F3(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within)
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+(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 264 Q
+(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 276 Q F0
 1.424(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425
 (ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.425
-(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 624 S(pansion error).15 E(.)
--.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 636 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0
-.585(If set, the suf)184 648 R<8c78>-.25 E .585(es speci\214ed by the)
--.15 F F1(FIGNORE)3.085 E F0 .585(shell v)3.085 F .585(ariable cause w)
--.25 F .585(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 660 R .32
+(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 288 S(pansion error).15 E(.)
+-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 300 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0
+.937(If set, the suf)184 312 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the)
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+-.25 F .936(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 324 R .32
 (ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32
-(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 3.33
-(pletions. See)184 672 R F2 .83(SHELL V)3.33 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0(abo)
-3.08 E 1.13 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .829(or a description of).15 F F1(FIGNORE)
-3.329 E F0 5.829(.T)C .829(his option)-5.829 F(is enabled by def)184 684
-Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globstar)144 696 Q F0 .439(If set, the pattern)5 F F1
-(**)2.939 E F0 .439(used in a \214lename e)2.939 F .439(xpansion conte)
--.15 F .44(xt will match a \214les and zero or)-.15 F 1.298
-(more directories and subdirectories.)184 708 R 1.298
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 .843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E
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 (,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2
-(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 412.8 Q F0 .086
+(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 120 Q F0 .086
 (is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086
 (ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
 (ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2
 (name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119
-(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 424.8 R .118
+(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 132 R .118
 (xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F
 F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855
-(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 436.8 R .855
+(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 144 R .855
 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
 .855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if)
-144 448.8 R/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141
-G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E
-F1<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189
-E F0 .112(search for each)144 460.8 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15
-(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F6 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0
--.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I)
-.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E
-F0(and)144 472.8 Q F1<ad50>2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F
-.444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F3
--.666(PA)2.944 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .444(If the)4.944 F F1<ad61>2.944
-E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 484.8 R F1(type)2.765 E F0 .265
-(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .265
-(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265
-(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427(and functions, if and only if the)
-144 496.8 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F
-.426(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548
-(consulted when using)144 508.8 R F1<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)
--5.548 E F1<ad66>3.048 E F0 .549
-(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.048 F F1
-(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 520.8 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
+144 156 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 G
+.641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E F1
+<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666
+(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(search for each)144 168 R F2(name)2.612 E
+F0 2.612(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F3 .113
+(type -t name)2.613 F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2
+(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I).18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113
+(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E F0(and)144 180 Q F1<ad50>
+2.945 E F0 .445(print the hashed v)2.945 F .444
+(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F4
+-.666(PA)2.944 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .444(If the)
+4.944 F F1<ad61>2.944 E F0(option)2.944 E .265(is used,)144 192 R F1
+(type)2.765 E F0 .265(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .265(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18
+G .265(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .427
+(and functions, if and only if the)144 204 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426
+(option is not also used.)2.926 F .426
+(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .548(consulted when using)
+144 216 R F1<ad61>3.048 E F0 5.548(.T)C(he)-5.548 E F1<ad66>3.048 E F0
+.549(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.048 F F1
+(command)3.049 E F0 -.2(bu)144 228 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0
 (returns true if all of the ar)2.5 E(guments are found, f)-.18 E
-(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 537.6
+(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 244.8
 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 549.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
+(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 256.8 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
 -.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.943(that allo)144 561.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
+.943(that allo)144 268.8 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
 (The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 573.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
+144 280.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 585.6 R .425
+ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 292.8 R .425
 (alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E
 F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
 (is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-597.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+304.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.741(of the special v)144 609.6 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
+.741(of the special v)144 316.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
 (soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
 C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 621.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 328.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 633.6 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
+F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 340.8 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
 .499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 645.6 Q 2.5
+(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 352.8 Q 2.5
 (alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1
-<ad61>144 657.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144
-669.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
-F1<ad63>144 681.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
-F1<ad64>144 693.6 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
--.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 705.6 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 717.6 Q
+<ad61>144 364.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144
+376.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E
+F1<ad63>144 388.8 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
+F1<ad64>144 400.8 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
+-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 412.8 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 424.8 Q
 F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)
-26.97 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad69>144 84 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
-27.52 E F1<ad6c>144 96 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 108 Q F0
-(The maximum resident set size)21.97 E F1<ad6e>144 120 Q F0 .791(The ma\
-ximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)24.74
-F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180 132 Q
-F1<ad70>144 144 Q F0
+26.97 E F1<ad69>144 436.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
+27.52 E F1<ad6c>144 448.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 460.8 Q F0
+(The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 472.8 Q F0 .791(Th\
+e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
+24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
+484.8 Q F1<ad70>144 496.8 Q F0
 (The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
-<ad71>144 156 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
-24.74 E F1<ad72>144 168 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
-25.86 E F1<ad73>144 180 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144
-192 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
-204 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 216 Q F0
+<ad71>144 508.8 Q F0
+(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F1<ad72>144
+520.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F1<ad73>144
+532.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144 544.8 Q F0
+(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144 556.8 Q
+F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 568.8 Q F0
 (The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to the shell).25 E F1<ad78>144 228 Q F0
-(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1<ad54>144 240 Q F0
-(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 256.8 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343
-(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343
-(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .176(option is gi)
-144 268.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>2.676 E F0 .175
-(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
+(ilable to the shell).25 E F1<ad78>144 580.8 Q F0
+(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1<ad54>144 592.8 Q F0
+(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 609.6 Q F2(limit)2.933 E
+F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843
+(wv)-.25 G .343(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F1<ad61>
+2.843 E F0 .343(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F
+.176(option is gi)144 621.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
+2.676 E F0 .175(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175
 (lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 280.8
+<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 633.6
 Q F1<ad70>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015
 (hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.515 F F1<ad54>2.516 E F0(,)
 A F1<ad62>2.516 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.516 E F0 2.516(,a)C(nd)-2.516 E F1
 <ad75>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016(hich are unscaled v)-2.516 F(al-)-.25 E
-3.788(ues. The)144 292.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
+3.788(ues. The)144 645.6 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F
 -.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287
 (gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
-304.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 321.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+657.6 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 674.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
 <ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
-(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 333.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 686.4 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
 5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
 therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 345.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-357.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
+pted by)144 698.4 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+710.4 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 369.6 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 722.4 R .547
 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
-(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 381.6 Q F0 .551
+(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F
+(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 21 21
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(mode)144.38 84 Q F0 .551
 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
-F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 393.6 Q
-(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
-(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 410.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 422.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
-4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
-F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 434.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
-(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 451.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
-(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 463.2 S 3.106
-(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F2(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E
+F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 96 Q
+(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F1(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
+(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E/F2 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(unalias)108 112.8 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 124.8 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach)
+.15 E F1(name)4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155
+F(If)6.655 E F2<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655
+(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 F(remo)144 136.8 Q -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F2(unset)108 153.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2
+(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 165.6 S 3.106
+(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F1(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E
 .906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607
 (ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the)
-5.607 F F1<ad76>144 475.2 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.305(n, each).15 F F2(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
+5.607 F F2<ad76>144 177.6 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.305(n, each).15 F F1(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F
 2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304
-(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F1<ad66>144 487.2 Q F0 .459
-(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F2(name)3.319 E F0 .459
+(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F2<ad66>144 189.6 Q F0 .459
+(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F1(name)3.319 E F0 .459
 (refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 499.2 R .903
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 201.6 R .903
 (ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902
 (rom the en)-3.402 F .902(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F
-(If)5.902 E(an)144 511.2 Q 4.284(yo)-.15 G(f)-4.284 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(RANDOM)4.284 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(SECONDS)4.035 E F4(,)A F3
-(LINENO)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.035 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)4.035 E(AME)
--.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.035 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.035 E F3(DIRST)
-4.285 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0(are)4.035 E .329(unset, the)144
-523.2 R 2.829(yl)-.15 G .328(ose their special properties, e)-2.829 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.828(ni).15 G 2.828(ft)-2.828 G(he)-2.828 E 2.828(ya)
--.15 G .328(re subsequently reset.)-2.828 F .328(The e)5.328 F .328
-(xit status is true)-.15 F(unless a)144 535.2 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 552 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 2.5(n.)C
-(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 564 S .288
+(If)5.902 E(an)144 213.6 Q 6.915(yo)-.15 G(f)-6.915 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(COMP_W)6.915 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)
+6.665 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)6.665 E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)6.665 E F4(,)A F3
+(HISTCMD)6.666 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)6.666 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)144
+225.6 Q(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)2.523 E F3(DIRST)2.773 E -.495(AC)-.81
+G(K).495 E F0 .272(are unset, the)2.522 F 2.772(yl)-.15 G .272
+(ose their special properties, e)-2.772 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.772(ni).15 G
+2.772(ft)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E 2.772(ya)-.15 G .272(re subsequently)
+-2.772 F 2.5(reset. The)144 237.6 R -.15(ex)2.5 G
+(it status is true unless a).15 E F1(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E
+(.)-.65 E F2(wait)108 254.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 2.5(n.)C(..)-2.5 E F0(])A
+-.8(Wa)144 266.4 S .288
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-(Each)5.288 E F2(n)3.148 E F0 .288(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
-(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 576 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722
-(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w)
--3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F2(n)3.582 E F0
-(is)3.462 E 1.265(not gi)144 588 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.265
+(Each)5.288 E F1(n)3.148 E F0 .288(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722
+(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 278.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.722(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722
+(ipeline are w)-3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E
+F1(n)3.582 E F0(is)3.462 E 1.265(not gi)144 290.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.265
 (n, all currently acti).15 F 1.565 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265
 (hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.266
-(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.266 E F2(n)4.126 E F0 .457
-(speci\214es a non-e)144 600 R .457
+(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.266 E F1(n)4.126 E F0 .457
+(speci\214es a non-e)144 302.4 R .457
 (xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457
-(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 612 S
+(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F -.15(ex)144 314.4 S
 (it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
-/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 628.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
-640.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
+/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 331.2 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108
+343.2 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP
 %%Trailer
 end
 %%EOF
diff --git a/doc/fdl.texi b/doc/fdl.texi
index 96ce74ea..8805f1a4 100644
--- a/doc/fdl.texi
+++ b/doc/fdl.texi
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 @c The GNU Free Documentation License.
-@center Version 1.2, November 2002
+@center Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
 
 @c This file is intended to be included within another document,
 @c hence no sectioning command or @node.
 
 @display
-Copyright @copyright{} 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA
+Copyright @copyright{} 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@uref{http://fsf.org/}
 
 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
@@ -111,6 +111,9 @@ formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means
 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
 preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
 
+The ``publisher'' means any person or entity that distributes copies
+of the Document to the public.
+
 A section ``Entitled XYZ'' means a named subunit of the Document whose
 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
 text that translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ stands for a
@@ -379,13 +382,30 @@ title.
 @item
 TERMINATION
 
-You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
-as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other attempt to
-copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
-automatically terminate your rights under this License.  However,
-parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
-License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
-parties remain in full compliance.
+You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
+except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
+otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and
+will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
+
+However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
+from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
+unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
+terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
+fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
+60 days after the cessation.
+
+Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
+reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
+violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
+received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
+copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
+your receipt of the notice.
+
+Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
+licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
+this License.  If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
+reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does
+not give you any rights to use it.
 
 @item
 FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
@@ -403,7 +423,42 @@ following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
 Free Software Foundation.  If the Document does not specify a version
 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
-as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
+as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.  If the Document
+specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this
+License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
+version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the
+Document.
+
+@item
+RELICENSING
+
+``Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site'' (or ``MMC Site'') means any
+World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
+provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works.  A
+public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server.  A
+``Massive Multiauthor Collaboration'' (or ``MMC'') contained in the
+site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC
+site.
+
+``CC-BY-SA'' means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
+license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
+corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
+California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
+published by that same organization.
+
+``Incorporate'' means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or
+in part, as part of another Document.
+
+An MMC is ``eligible for relicensing'' if it is licensed under this
+License, and if all works that were first published under this License
+somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole
+or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections,
+and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
+
+The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
+under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
+provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
+
 @end enumerate
 
 @page
@@ -417,7 +472,7 @@ license notices just after the title page:
 @group
   Copyright (C)  @var{year}  @var{your name}.
   Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-  under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+  under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
   or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
   with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
   Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
diff --git a/doc/fdl.txt b/doc/fdl.txt
index daa2dd4f..2f7e03ca 100644
--- a/doc/fdl.txt
+++ b/doc/fdl.txt
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-		GNU Free Documentation License
-		  Version 1.2, November 2002
 
+                GNU Free Documentation License
+                 Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
 
- Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-     59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+
+ Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+     <http://fsf.org/>
  Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
  of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
 
-
 0. PREAMBLE
 
 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ modifications and/or translated into another language.
 
 A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
 the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
-publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject
-(or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly
-within that overall subject.  (Thus, if the Document is in part a
-textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
-mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of historical
+publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
+subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
+directly within that overall subject.  (Thus, if the Document is in
+part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
+any mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of historical
 connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
 commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
 them.
@@ -103,6 +103,9 @@ formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
 preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
 
+The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies of
+the Document to the public.
+
 A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
 text that translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ stands for a
@@ -118,14 +121,13 @@ License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
 no effect on the meaning of this License.
 
-
 2. VERBATIM COPYING
 
 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
-to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
-conditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You may not use
+to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no
+other conditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You may not use
 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
 copying of the copies you make or distribute.  However, you may accept
 compensation in exchange for copies.  If you distribute a large enough
@@ -169,8 +171,9 @@ Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
 edition to the public.
 
 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
-Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
-them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
+Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
+give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
+Document.
 
 
 4. MODIFICATIONS
@@ -285,16 +288,18 @@ Entitled "Endorsements".
 
 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
 
-You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
-released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
-License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
-the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
-verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
+You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
+documents released under this License, and replace the individual
+copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
+that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules
+of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all
+other respects.
 
-You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
-it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
-License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
-other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
+You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
+distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
+copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
+License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
+document.
 
 
 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
@@ -304,7 +309,7 @@ and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
 distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
 of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
-When the Document is included an aggregate, this License does not
+When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
 apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
 derivative works of the Document.
 
@@ -340,21 +345,38 @@ title.
 
 9. TERMINATION
 
-You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
-as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other attempt to
-copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
-automatically terminate your rights under this License.  However,
-parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
-License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
-parties remain in full compliance.
+You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
+except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
+otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and
+will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
+
+However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
+from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
+unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
+terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
+fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
+60 days after the cessation.
+
+Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
+reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
+violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
+received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
+copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
+your receipt of the notice.
+
+Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
+licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
+this License.  If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
+reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does
+not give you any rights to use it.
 
 
 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
 
-The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
-of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new
-versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
-differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  See
+The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the
+GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new versions
+will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
+detail to address new problems or concerns.  See
 http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
 
 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
@@ -364,7 +386,39 @@ following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
 Free Software Foundation.  If the Document does not specify a version
 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
-as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
+as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.  If the Document
+specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this
+License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
+version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the
+Document.
+
+11. RELICENSING
+
+"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any
+World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
+provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works.  A
+public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server.  A
+"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the site
+means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
+
+"CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 
+license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit 
+corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, 
+California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license 
+published by that same organization.
+
+"Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in 
+part, as part of another Document.
+
+An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this 
+License, and if all works that were first published under this License 
+somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or 
+in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and 
+(2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
+
+The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
+under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
+provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
 
 
 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
@@ -375,7 +429,7 @@ license notices just after the title page:
 
     Copyright (c)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.
     Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-    under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+    under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
     or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
     with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
     A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
diff --git a/doc/rbash.ps b/doc/rbash.ps
index 38d31e16..518087de 100644
--- a/doc/rbash.ps
+++ b/doc/rbash.ps
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 %!PS-Adobe-3.0
 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2
-%%CreationDate: Thu Feb  5 08:05:28 2009
+%%CreationDate: Wed Dec 30 13:07:37 2009
 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
 %%+ font Times-Bold
 %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 2
@@ -240,9 +240,10 @@ E F0(\(1\))A F1(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 112.8 Q F0(If)108 124.8 Q F2(bash)
 (bash)2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E
 (wing are disallo)-.25 E(wed or not performed:)-.25 E 32.5<8363>108
 165.6 S(hanging directories with)-32.5 E F2(cd)2.5 E F0 32.5<8373>108
-182.4 S(etting or unsetting the v)-32.5 E(alues of)-.25 E F2(SHELL)2.5 E
-F0(,)A F2 -.74(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.21 E F0(,)A F2(ENV)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5
-E F2 -.3(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).3 E F0 32.5<8373>108 199.2 S
+182.4 S(etting or unsetting the v)-32.5 E(alues of)-.25 E/F3 9
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 -.666(PA)2.25
+G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(ENV)2.25 E F4(,)A F0(or)2.25 E F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G
+(SH_ENV).27 E F0 32.5<8373>108 199.2 S
 (pecifying command names containing)-32.5 E F2(/)2.5 E F0 32.5<8373>108
 216 S(pecifying a \214le name containing a)-32.5 E F2(/)2.5 E F0
 (as an ar)2.5 E(gument to the)-.18 E F2(.)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)5 G
@@ -252,7 +253,7 @@ E F2 -.3(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).3 E F0 32.5<8373>108 199.2 S
 (hash)2.851 E F0 -.2(bu)2.851 G .351(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 244.8 Q
 32.5<8369>108 261.6 S(mporting function de\214nitions from the shell en)
 -32.5 E(vironment at startup)-.4 E 32.5<8370>108 278.4 S(arsing the v)
--32.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F2(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.5 E
+-32.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.25 E
 (vironment at startup)-.4 E 32.5<8372>108 295.2 S(edirecting output usi\
 ng the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators)-32.5 E 32.5
 <8375>108 312 S(sing the)-32.5 E F2(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
diff --git a/doc/texinfo.tex b/doc/texinfo.tex
index 555a0770..03c29989 100644
--- a/doc/texinfo.tex
+++ b/doc/texinfo.tex
@@ -3,15 +3,16 @@
 % Load plain if necessary, i.e., if running under initex.
 \expandafter\ifx\csname fmtname\endcsname\relax\input plain\fi
 %
-\def\texinfoversion{2003-02-03.16}
+\def\texinfoversion{2009-01-18.17}
 %
-% Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995,
-% 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+% Copyright 1985, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995,
+% 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006,
+% 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 %
-% This texinfo.tex file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+% This texinfo.tex file is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
 % modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
-% published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at
-% your option) any later version.
+% published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+% License, or (at your option) any later version.
 %
 % This texinfo.tex file is distributed in the hope that it will be
 % useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty
@@ -19,27 +20,20 @@
 % General Public License for more details.
 %
 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-% along with this texinfo.tex file; see the file COPYING.  If not, write
-% to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
-% Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+% along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 %
-% In other words, you are welcome to use, share and improve this program.
-% You are forbidden to forbid anyone else to use, share and improve
-% what you give them.   Help stamp out software-hoarding!
+% As a special exception, when this file is read by TeX when processing
+% a Texinfo source document, you may use the result without
+% restriction.  (This has been our intent since Texinfo was invented.)
 %
 % Please try the latest version of texinfo.tex before submitting bug
 % reports; you can get the latest version from:
-%   ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo/texinfo.tex
-%     (and all GNU mirrors, see http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html)
+%   http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ (the Texinfo home page), or
 %   ftp://tug.org/tex/texinfo.tex
-%     (and all CTAN mirrors, see http://www.ctan.org),
-%   and /home/gd/gnu/doc/texinfo.tex on the GNU machines.
-% 
-% The GNU Texinfo home page is http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo.
-% 
-% The texinfo.tex in any given Texinfo distribution could well be out
+%     (and all CTAN mirrors, see http://www.ctan.org).
+% The texinfo.tex in any given distribution could well be out
 % of date, so if that's what you're using, please check.
-% 
+%
 % Send bug reports to bug-texinfo@gnu.org.  Please include including a
 % complete document in each bug report with which we can reproduce the
 % problem.  Patches are, of course, greatly appreciated.
@@ -55,10 +49,13 @@
 % The extra TeX runs get the cross-reference information correct.
 % Sometimes one run after texindex suffices, and sometimes you need more
 % than two; texi2dvi does it as many times as necessary.
-% 
+%
 % It is possible to adapt texinfo.tex for other languages, to some
 % extent.  You can get the existing language-specific files from the
 % full Texinfo distribution.
+%
+% The GNU Texinfo home page is http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo.
+
 
 \message{Loading texinfo [version \texinfoversion]:}
 
@@ -68,14 +65,14 @@
 \everyjob{\message{[Texinfo version \texinfoversion]}%
   \catcode`+=\active \catcode`\_=\active}
 
-\message{Basics,}
+
 \chardef\other=12
 
-% We never want plain's outer \+ definition in Texinfo.
+% We never want plain's \outer definition of \+ in Texinfo.
 % For @tex, we can use \tabalign.
 \let\+ = \relax
 
-% Save some parts of plain tex whose names we will redefine.
+% Save some plain tex macros whose names we will redefine.
 \let\ptexb=\b
 \let\ptexbullet=\bullet
 \let\ptexc=\c
@@ -85,20 +82,39 @@
 \let\ptexend=\end
 \let\ptexequiv=\equiv
 \let\ptexexclam=\!
+\let\ptexfootnote=\footnote
 \let\ptexgtr=>
 \let\ptexhat=^
 \let\ptexi=\i
+\let\ptexindent=\indent
+\let\ptexinsert=\insert
 \let\ptexlbrace=\{
 \let\ptexless=<
+\let\ptexnewwrite\newwrite
+\let\ptexnoindent=\noindent
 \let\ptexplus=+
 \let\ptexrbrace=\}
+\let\ptexslash=\/
 \let\ptexstar=\*
 \let\ptext=\t
+\let\ptextop=\top
+{\catcode`\'=\active
+\global\let\ptexquoteright'}% Math-mode def from plain.tex.
+\let\ptexraggedright=\raggedright
 
 % If this character appears in an error message or help string, it
 % starts a new line in the output.
 \newlinechar = `^^J
 
+% Use TeX 3.0's \inputlineno to get the line number, for better error
+% messages, but if we're using an old version of TeX, don't do anything.
+%
+\ifx\inputlineno\thisisundefined
+  \let\linenumber = \empty % Pre-3.0.
+\else
+  \def\linenumber{l.\the\inputlineno:\space}
+\fi
+
 % Set up fixed words for English if not already set.
 \ifx\putwordAppendix\undefined  \gdef\putwordAppendix{Appendix}\fi
 \ifx\putwordChapter\undefined   \gdef\putwordChapter{Chapter}\fi
@@ -137,42 +153,83 @@
 \ifx\putwordDefspec\undefined   \gdef\putwordDefspec{Special Form}\fi
 \ifx\putwordDefvar\undefined    \gdef\putwordDefvar{Variable}\fi
 \ifx\putwordDefopt\undefined    \gdef\putwordDefopt{User Option}\fi
-\ifx\putwordDeftypevar\undefined\gdef\putwordDeftypevar{Variable}\fi
 \ifx\putwordDeffunc\undefined   \gdef\putwordDeffunc{Function}\fi
-\ifx\putwordDeftypefun\undefined\gdef\putwordDeftypefun{Function}\fi
 
-% In some macros, we cannot use the `\? notation---the left quote is
-% in some cases the escape char.
+% Since the category of space is not known, we have to be careful.
+\chardef\spacecat = 10
+\def\spaceisspace{\catcode`\ =\spacecat}
+
+% sometimes characters are active, so we need control sequences.
 \chardef\colonChar = `\:
 \chardef\commaChar = `\,
+\chardef\dashChar  = `\-
 \chardef\dotChar   = `\.
-\chardef\equalChar = `\=
 \chardef\exclamChar= `\!
+\chardef\lquoteChar= `\`
 \chardef\questChar = `\?
+\chardef\rquoteChar= `\'
 \chardef\semiChar  = `\;
-\chardef\spaceChar = `\ %
 \chardef\underChar = `\_
 
 % Ignore a token.
 %
 \def\gobble#1{}
 
-% True if #1 is the empty string, i.e., called like `\ifempty{}'.
-%
-\def\ifempty#1{\ifemptyx #1\emptymarkA\emptymarkB}%
-\def\ifemptyx#1#2\emptymarkB{\ifx #1\emptymarkA}%
+% The following is used inside several \edef's.
+\def\makecsname#1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname}
 
 % Hyphenation fixes.
-\hyphenation{ap-pen-dix}
-\hyphenation{mini-buf-fer mini-buf-fers}
-\hyphenation{eshell}
-\hyphenation{white-space}
+\hyphenation{
+  Flor-i-da Ghost-script Ghost-view Mac-OS Post-Script
+  ap-pen-dix bit-map bit-maps
+  data-base data-bases eshell fall-ing half-way long-est man-u-script
+  man-u-scripts mini-buf-fer mini-buf-fers over-view par-a-digm
+  par-a-digms rath-er rec-tan-gu-lar ro-bot-ics se-vere-ly set-up spa-ces
+  spell-ing spell-ings
+  stand-alone strong-est time-stamp time-stamps which-ever white-space
+  wide-spread wrap-around
+}
 
 % Margin to add to right of even pages, to left of odd pages.
 \newdimen\bindingoffset
 \newdimen\normaloffset
 \newdimen\pagewidth \newdimen\pageheight
 
+% For a final copy, take out the rectangles
+% that mark overfull boxes (in case you have decided
+% that the text looks ok even though it passes the margin).
+%
+\def\finalout{\overfullrule=0pt}
+
+% @| inserts a changebar to the left of the current line.  It should
+% surround any changed text.  This approach does *not* work if the
+% change spans more than two lines of output.  To handle that, we would
+% have adopt a much more difficult approach (putting marks into the main
+% vertical list for the beginning and end of each change).
+%
+\def\|{%
+  % \vadjust can only be used in horizontal mode.
+  \leavevmode
+  %
+  % Append this vertical mode material after the current line in the output.
+  \vadjust{%
+    % We want to insert a rule with the height and depth of the current
+    % leading; that is exactly what \strutbox is supposed to record.
+    \vskip-\baselineskip
+    %
+    % \vadjust-items are inserted at the left edge of the type.  So
+    % the \llap here moves out into the left-hand margin.
+    \llap{%
+      %
+      % For a thicker or thinner bar, change the `1pt'.
+      \vrule height\baselineskip width1pt
+      %
+      % This is the space between the bar and the text.
+      \hskip 12pt
+    }%
+  }%
+}
+
 % Sometimes it is convenient to have everything in the transcript file
 % and nothing on the terminal.  We don't just call \tracingall here,
 % since that produces some useless output on the terminal.  We also make
@@ -197,12 +254,12 @@
     \tracingassigns1
   \fi
   \tracingcommands3  % 3 gives us more in etex
-  \errorcontextlines\maxdimen
+  \errorcontextlines16
 }%
 
 % add check for \lastpenalty to plain's definitions.  If the last thing
 % we did was a \nobreak, we don't want to insert more space.
-% 
+%
 \def\smallbreak{\ifnum\lastpenalty<10000\par\ifdim\lastskip<\smallskipamount
   \removelastskip\penalty-50\smallskip\fi\fi}
 \def\medbreak{\ifnum\lastpenalty<10000\par\ifdim\lastskip<\medskipamount
@@ -224,6 +281,50 @@
 \newdimen\cornerthick \cornerthick=.3pt
 \newdimen\topandbottommargin \topandbottommargin=.75in
 
+% Output a mark which sets \thischapter, \thissection and \thiscolor.
+% We dump everything together because we only have one kind of mark.
+% This works because we only use \botmark / \topmark, not \firstmark.
+%
+% A mark contains a subexpression of the \ifcase ... \fi construct.
+% \get*marks macros below extract the needed part using \ifcase.
+%
+% Another complication is to let the user choose whether \thischapter
+% (\thissection) refers to the chapter (section) in effect at the top
+% of a page, or that at the bottom of a page.  The solution is
+% described on page 260 of The TeXbook.  It involves outputting two
+% marks for the sectioning macros, one before the section break, and
+% one after.  I won't pretend I can describe this better than DEK...
+\def\domark{%
+  \toks0=\expandafter{\lastchapterdefs}%
+  \toks2=\expandafter{\lastsectiondefs}%
+  \toks4=\expandafter{\prevchapterdefs}%
+  \toks6=\expandafter{\prevsectiondefs}%
+  \toks8=\expandafter{\lastcolordefs}%
+  \mark{%
+                   \the\toks0 \the\toks2
+      \noexpand\or \the\toks4 \the\toks6
+    \noexpand\else \the\toks8
+  }%
+}
+% \topmark doesn't work for the very first chapter (after the title
+% page or the contents), so we use \firstmark there -- this gets us
+% the mark with the chapter defs, unless the user sneaks in, e.g.,
+% @setcolor (or @url, or @link, etc.) between @contents and the very
+% first @chapter.
+\def\gettopheadingmarks{%
+  \ifcase0\topmark\fi
+  \ifx\thischapter\empty \ifcase0\firstmark\fi \fi
+}
+\def\getbottomheadingmarks{\ifcase1\botmark\fi}
+\def\getcolormarks{\ifcase2\topmark\fi}
+
+% Avoid "undefined control sequence" errors.
+\def\lastchapterdefs{}
+\def\lastsectiondefs{}
+\def\prevchapterdefs{}
+\def\prevsectiondefs{}
+\def\lastcolordefs{}
+
 % Main output routine.
 \chardef\PAGE = 255
 \output = {\onepageout{\pagecontents\PAGE}}
@@ -241,7 +342,9 @@
   %
   % Do this outside of the \shipout so @code etc. will be expanded in
   % the headline as they should be, not taken literally (outputting ''code).
+  \ifodd\pageno \getoddheadingmarks \else \getevenheadingmarks \fi
   \setbox\headlinebox = \vbox{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makeheadline}%
+  \ifodd\pageno \getoddfootingmarks \else \getevenfootingmarks \fi
   \setbox\footlinebox = \vbox{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makefootline}%
   %
   {%
@@ -249,13 +352,17 @@
     % take effect in \write's, yet the group defined by the \vbox ends
     % before the \shipout runs.
     %
-    \escapechar = `\\     % use backslash in output files.
     \indexdummies         % don't expand commands in the output.
     \normalturnoffactive  % \ in index entries must not stay \, e.g., if
-                   % the page break happens to be in the middle of an example.
+               % the page break happens to be in the middle of an example.
+               % We don't want .vr (or whatever) entries like this:
+               % \entry{{\tt \indexbackslash }acronym}{32}{\code {\acronym}}
+               % "\acronym" won't work when it's read back in;
+               % it needs to be 
+               % {\code {{\tt \backslashcurfont }acronym}
     \shipout\vbox{%
       % Do this early so pdf references go to the beginning of the page.
-      \ifpdfmakepagedest \pdfmkdest{\the\pageno} \fi
+      \ifpdfmakepagedest \pdfdest name{\the\pageno} xyz\fi
       %
       \ifcropmarks \vbox to \outervsize\bgroup
         \hsize = \outerhsize
@@ -280,9 +387,9 @@
       \pagebody{#1}%
       \ifdim\ht\footlinebox > 0pt
         % Only leave this space if the footline is nonempty.
-        % (We lessened \vsize for it in \oddfootingxxx.)
+        % (We lessened \vsize for it in \oddfootingyyy.)
         % The \baselineskip=24pt in plain's \makefootline has no effect.
-        \vskip 2\baselineskip
+        \vskip 24pt
         \unvbox\footlinebox
       \fi
       %
@@ -303,7 +410,7 @@
       \egroup % \vbox from first cropmarks clause
       \fi
     }% end of \shipout\vbox
-  }% end of group with \normalturnoffactive
+  }% end of group with \indexdummies
   \advancepageno
   \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi
 }
@@ -316,7 +423,7 @@
 % marginal hacks, juha@viisa.uucp (Juha Takala)
 \ifvoid\margin\else % marginal info is present
   \rlap{\kern\hsize\vbox to\z@{\kern1pt\box\margin \vss}}\fi
-\dimen@=\dp#1 \unvbox#1
+\dimen@=\dp#1\relax \unvbox#1\relax
 \ifvoid\footins\else\vskip\skip\footins\footnoterule \unvbox\footins\fi
 \ifr@ggedbottom \kern-\dimen@ \vfil \fi}
 }
@@ -336,132 +443,161 @@
 % the input line (except we remove a trailing comment).  #1 should be a
 % macro which expects an ordinary undelimited TeX argument.
 %
-\def\parsearg#1{%
-  \let\next = #1%
+\def\parsearg{\parseargusing{}}
+\def\parseargusing#1#2{%
+  \def\argtorun{#2}%
   \begingroup
     \obeylines
-    \futurelet\temp\parseargx
-}
-
-% If the next token is an obeyed space (from an @example environment or
-% the like), remove it and recurse.  Otherwise, we're done.
-\def\parseargx{%
-  % \obeyedspace is defined far below, after the definition of \sepspaces.
-  \ifx\obeyedspace\temp
-    \expandafter\parseargdiscardspace
-  \else
-    \expandafter\parseargline
-  \fi
+    \spaceisspace
+    #1%
+    \parseargline\empty% Insert the \empty token, see \finishparsearg below.
 }
 
-% Remove a single space (as the delimiter token to the macro call).
-{\obeyspaces %
- \gdef\parseargdiscardspace {\futurelet\temp\parseargx}}
-
 {\obeylines %
   \gdef\parseargline#1^^M{%
     \endgroup % End of the group started in \parsearg.
-    %
-    % First remove any @c comment, then any @comment.
-    % Result of each macro is put in \toks0.
-    \argremovec #1\c\relax %
-    \expandafter\argremovecomment \the\toks0 \comment\relax %
-    %
-    % Call the caller's macro, saved as \next in \parsearg.
-    \expandafter\next\expandafter{\the\toks0}%
+    \argremovecomment #1\comment\ArgTerm%
   }%
 }
 
-% Since all \c{,omment} does is throw away the argument, we can let TeX
-% do that for us.  The \relax here is matched by the \relax in the call
-% in \parseargline; it could be more or less anything, its purpose is
-% just to delimit the argument to the \c.
-\def\argremovec#1\c#2\relax{\toks0 = {#1}}
-\def\argremovecomment#1\comment#2\relax{\toks0 = {#1}}
+% First remove any @comment, then any @c comment.
+\def\argremovecomment#1\comment#2\ArgTerm{\argremovec #1\c\ArgTerm}
+\def\argremovec#1\c#2\ArgTerm{\argcheckspaces#1\^^M\ArgTerm}
 
-% \argremovec{,omment} might leave us with trailing spaces, though; e.g.,
+% Each occurrence of `\^^M' or `<space>\^^M' is replaced by a single space.
+%
+% \argremovec might leave us with trailing space, e.g.,
 %    @end itemize  @c foo
-% will have two active spaces as part of the argument with the
-% `itemize'.  Here we remove all active spaces from #1, and assign the
-% result to \toks0.
-%
-% This loses if there are any *other* active characters besides spaces
-% in the argument -- _ ^ +, for example -- since they get expanded.
-% Fortunately, Texinfo does not define any such commands.  (If it ever
-% does, the catcode of the characters in questionwill have to be changed
-% here.)  But this means we cannot call \removeactivespaces as part of
-% \argremovec{,omment}, since @c uses \parsearg, and thus the argument
-% that \parsearg gets might well have any character at all in it.
-%
-\def\removeactivespaces#1{%
-  \begingroup
-    \ignoreactivespaces
-    \edef\temp{#1}%
-    \global\toks0 = \expandafter{\temp}%
-  \endgroup
+% This space token undergoes the same procedure and is eventually removed
+% by \finishparsearg.
+%
+\def\argcheckspaces#1\^^M{\argcheckspacesX#1\^^M \^^M}
+\def\argcheckspacesX#1 \^^M{\argcheckspacesY#1\^^M}
+\def\argcheckspacesY#1\^^M#2\^^M#3\ArgTerm{%
+  \def\temp{#3}%
+  \ifx\temp\empty
+    % Do not use \next, perhaps the caller of \parsearg uses it; reuse \temp:
+    \let\temp\finishparsearg
+  \else
+    \let\temp\argcheckspaces
+  \fi
+  % Put the space token in:
+  \temp#1 #3\ArgTerm
 }
 
-% Change the active space to expand to nothing.
+% If a _delimited_ argument is enclosed in braces, they get stripped; so
+% to get _exactly_ the rest of the line, we had to prevent such situation.
+% We prepended an \empty token at the very beginning and we expand it now,
+% just before passing the control to \argtorun.
+% (Similarly, we have to think about #3 of \argcheckspacesY above: it is
+% either the null string, or it ends with \^^M---thus there is no danger
+% that a pair of braces would be stripped.
 %
-\begingroup
+% But first, we have to remove the trailing space token.
+%
+\def\finishparsearg#1 \ArgTerm{\expandafter\argtorun\expandafter{#1}}
+
+% \parseargdef\foo{...}
+%	is roughly equivalent to
+% \def\foo{\parsearg\Xfoo}
+% \def\Xfoo#1{...}
+%
+% Actually, I use \csname\string\foo\endcsname, ie. \\foo, as it is my
+% favourite TeX trick.  --kasal, 16nov03
+
+\def\parseargdef#1{%
+  \expandafter \doparseargdef \csname\string#1\endcsname #1%
+}
+\def\doparseargdef#1#2{%
+  \def#2{\parsearg#1}%
+  \def#1##1%
+}
+
+% Several utility definitions with active space:
+{
   \obeyspaces
-  \gdef\ignoreactivespaces{\obeyspaces\let =\empty}
-\endgroup
+  \gdef\obeyedspace{ }
+
+  % Make each space character in the input produce a normal interword
+  % space in the output.  Don't allow a line break at this space, as this
+  % is used only in environments like @example, where each line of input
+  % should produce a line of output anyway.
+  %
+  \gdef\sepspaces{\obeyspaces\let =\tie}
+
+  % If an index command is used in an @example environment, any spaces
+  % therein should become regular spaces in the raw index file, not the
+  % expansion of \tie (\leavevmode \penalty \@M \ ).
+  \gdef\unsepspaces{\let =\space}
+}
 
 
 \def\flushcr{\ifx\par\lisppar \def\next##1{}\else \let\next=\relax \fi \next}
 
-%% These are used to keep @begin/@end levels from running away
-%% Call \inENV within environments (after a \begingroup)
-\newif\ifENV \ENVfalse \def\inENV{\ifENV\relax\else\ENVtrue\fi}
-\def\ENVcheck{%
-\ifENV\errmessage{Still within an environment; press RETURN to continue}
-\endgroup\fi} % This is not perfect, but it should reduce lossage
+% Define the framework for environments in texinfo.tex.  It's used like this:
+%
+%   \envdef\foo{...}
+%   \def\Efoo{...}
+%
+% It's the responsibility of \envdef to insert \begingroup before the
+% actual body; @end closes the group after calling \Efoo.  \envdef also
+% defines \thisenv, so the current environment is known; @end checks
+% whether the environment name matches.  The \checkenv macro can also be
+% used to check whether the current environment is the one expected.
+%
+% Non-false conditionals (@iftex, @ifset) don't fit into this, so they
+% are not treated as environments; they don't open a group.  (The
+% implementation of @end takes care not to call \endgroup in this
+% special case.)
 
-% @begin foo  is the same as @foo, for now.
-\newhelp\EMsimple{Press RETURN to continue.}
 
-\outer\def\begin{\parsearg\beginxxx}
+% At run-time, environments start with this:
+\def\startenvironment#1{\begingroup\def\thisenv{#1}}
+% initialize
+\let\thisenv\empty
 
-\def\beginxxx #1{%
-\expandafter\ifx\csname #1\endcsname\relax
-{\errhelp=\EMsimple \errmessage{Undefined command @begin #1}}\else
-\csname #1\endcsname\fi}
+% ... but they get defined via ``\envdef\foo{...}'':
+\long\def\envdef#1#2{\def#1{\startenvironment#1#2}}
+\def\envparseargdef#1#2{\parseargdef#1{\startenvironment#1#2}}
 
-% @end foo executes the definition of \Efoo.
-%
-\def\end{\parsearg\endxxx}
-\def\endxxx #1{%
-  \removeactivespaces{#1}%
-  \edef\endthing{\the\toks0}%
-  %
-  \expandafter\ifx\csname E\endthing\endcsname\relax
-    \expandafter\ifx\csname \endthing\endcsname\relax
-      % There's no \foo, i.e., no ``environment'' foo.
-      \errhelp = \EMsimple
-      \errmessage{Undefined command `@end \endthing'}%
-    \else
-      \unmatchedenderror\endthing
-    \fi
+% Check whether we're in the right environment:
+\def\checkenv#1{%
+  \def\temp{#1}%
+  \ifx\thisenv\temp
   \else
-    % Everything's ok; the right environment has been started.
-    \csname E\endthing\endcsname
+    \badenverr
   \fi
 }
 
-% There is an environment #1, but it hasn't been started.  Give an error.
-%
-\def\unmatchedenderror#1{%
+% Environment mismatch, #1 expected:
+\def\badenverr{%
   \errhelp = \EMsimple
-  \errmessage{This `@end #1' doesn't have a matching `@#1'}%
+  \errmessage{This command can appear only \inenvironment\temp,
+    not \inenvironment\thisenv}%
+}
+\def\inenvironment#1{%
+  \ifx#1\empty
+    out of any environment%
+  \else
+    in environment \expandafter\string#1%
+  \fi
 }
 
-% Define the control sequence \E#1 to give an unmatched @end error.
+% @end foo executes the definition of \Efoo.
+% But first, it executes a specialized version of \checkenv
 %
-\def\defineunmatchedend#1{%
-  \expandafter\def\csname E#1\endcsname{\unmatchedenderror{#1}}%
+\parseargdef\end{%
+  \if 1\csname iscond.#1\endcsname
+  \else
+    % The general wording of \badenverr may not be ideal, but... --kasal, 06nov03
+    \expandafter\checkenv\csname#1\endcsname
+    \csname E#1\endcsname
+    \endgroup
+  \fi
 }
 
+\newhelp\EMsimple{Press RETURN to continue.}
+
 
 %% Simple single-character @ commands
 
@@ -483,7 +619,7 @@
 \let\}=\myrbrace
 \begingroup
   % Definitions to produce \{ and \} commands for indices,
-  % and @{ and @} for the aux file.
+  % and @{ and @} for the aux/toc files.
   \catcode`\{ = \other \catcode`\} = \other
   \catcode`\[ = 1 \catcode`\] = 2
   \catcode`\! = 0 \catcode`\\ = \other
@@ -493,6 +629,9 @@
   !gdef!rbraceatcmd[@}]%
 !endgroup
 
+% @comma{} to avoid , parsing problems.
+\let\comma = ,
+
 % Accents: @, @dotaccent @ringaccent @ubaraccent @udotaccent
 % Others are defined by plain TeX: @` @' @" @^ @~ @= @u @v @H.
 \let\, = \c
@@ -502,22 +641,43 @@
 \let\ubaraccent = \b
 \let\udotaccent = \d
 
-% Other special characters: @questiondown @exclamdown
+% Other special characters: @questiondown @exclamdown @ordf @ordm
 % Plain TeX defines: @AA @AE @O @OE @L (plus lowercase versions) @ss.
 \def\questiondown{?`}
 \def\exclamdown{!`}
+\def\ordf{\leavevmode\raise1ex\hbox{\selectfonts\lllsize \underbar{a}}}
+\def\ordm{\leavevmode\raise1ex\hbox{\selectfonts\lllsize \underbar{o}}}
 
 % Dotless i and dotless j, used for accents.
 \def\imacro{i}
 \def\jmacro{j}
 \def\dotless#1{%
   \def\temp{#1}%
-  \ifx\temp\imacro \ptexi
-  \else\ifx\temp\jmacro \j
+  \ifx\temp\imacro \ifmmode\imath \else\ptexi \fi
+  \else\ifx\temp\jmacro \ifmmode\jmath \else\j \fi
   \else \errmessage{@dotless can be used only with i or j}%
   \fi\fi
 }
 
+% The \TeX{} logo, as in plain, but resetting the spacing so that a
+% period following counts as ending a sentence.  (Idea found in latex.)
+%
+\edef\TeX{\TeX \spacefactor=1000 }
+
+% @LaTeX{} logo.  Not quite the same results as the definition in
+% latex.ltx, since we use a different font for the raised A; it's most
+% convenient for us to use an explicitly smaller font, rather than using
+% the \scriptstyle font (since we don't reset \scriptstyle and
+% \scriptscriptstyle).
+%
+\def\LaTeX{%
+  L\kern-.36em
+  {\setbox0=\hbox{T}%
+   \vbox to \ht0{\hbox{\selectfonts\lllsize A}\vss}}%
+  \kern-.15em
+  \TeX
+}
+
 % Be sure we're in horizontal mode when doing a tie, since we make space
 % equivalent to this in @example-like environments. Otherwise, a space
 % at the beginning of a line will start with \penalty -- and
@@ -536,14 +696,32 @@
 % @* forces a line break.
 \def\*{\hfil\break\hbox{}\ignorespaces}
 
+% @/ allows a line break.
+\let\/=\allowbreak
+
 % @. is an end-of-sentence period.
-\def\.{.\spacefactor=3000 }
+\def\.{.\spacefactor=\endofsentencespacefactor\space}
 
 % @! is an end-of-sentence bang.
-\def\!{!\spacefactor=3000 }
+\def\!{!\spacefactor=\endofsentencespacefactor\space}
 
 % @? is an end-of-sentence query.
-\def\?{?\spacefactor=3000 }
+\def\?{?\spacefactor=\endofsentencespacefactor\space}
+
+% @frenchspacing on|off  says whether to put extra space after punctuation.
+% 
+\def\onword{on}
+\def\offword{off}
+%
+\parseargdef\frenchspacing{%
+  \def\temp{#1}%
+  \ifx\temp\onword \plainfrenchspacing
+  \else\ifx\temp\offword \plainnonfrenchspacing
+  \else
+    \errhelp = \EMsimple
+    \errmessage{Unknown @frenchspacing option `\temp', must be on/off}%
+  \fi\fi
+}
 
 % @w prevents a word break.  Without the \leavevmode, @w at the
 % beginning of a paragraph, when TeX is still in vertical mode, would
@@ -564,63 +742,18 @@
 % explicit \vfill so that the extra space is at the bottom.  The
 % threshold for doing this is if the group is more than \vfilllimit
 % percent of a page (\vfilllimit can be changed inside of @tex).
-% 
+%
 \newbox\groupbox
 \def\vfilllimit{0.7}
 %
-\def\group{\begingroup
-  \ifnum\catcode13=\active \else
+\envdef\group{%
+  \ifnum\catcode`\^^M=\active \else
     \errhelp = \groupinvalidhelp
     \errmessage{@group invalid in context where filling is enabled}%
   \fi
-  %
-  % The \vtop we start below produces a box with normal height and large
-  % depth; thus, TeX puts \baselineskip glue before it, and (when the
-  % next line of text is done) \lineskip glue after it.  (See p.82 of
-  % the TeXbook.)  Thus, space below is not quite equal to space
-  % above.  But it's pretty close.
-  \def\Egroup{%
-    \egroup           % End the \vtop.
-    % \dimen0 is the vertical size of the group's box.
-    \dimen0 = \ht\groupbox  \advance\dimen0 by \dp\groupbox
-    % \dimen2 is how much space is left on the page (more or less).
-    \dimen2 = \pageheight   \advance\dimen2 by -\pagetotal
-    % if the group doesn't fit on the current page, and it's a big big
-    % group, force a page break.
-    \ifdim \dimen0 > \dimen2
-      \ifdim \pagetotal < \vfilllimit\pageheight
-        \page
-      \fi
-    \fi
-    \copy\groupbox
-    \endgroup         % End the \group.
-  }%
+  \startsavinginserts
   %
   \setbox\groupbox = \vtop\bgroup
-    % We have to put a strut on the last line in case the @group is in
-    % the midst of an example, rather than completely enclosing it.
-    % Otherwise, the interline space between the last line of the group
-    % and the first line afterwards is too small.  But we can't put the
-    % strut in \Egroup, since there it would be on a line by itself.
-    % Hence this just inserts a strut at the beginning of each line.
-    \everypar = {\strut}%
-    %
-    % Since we have a strut on every line, we don't need any of TeX's
-    % normal interline spacing.
-    \offinterlineskip
-    %
-    % OK, but now we have to do something about blank
-    % lines in the input in @example-like environments, which normally
-    % just turn into \lisppar, which will insert no space now that we've
-    % turned off the interline space.  Simplest is to make them be an
-    % empty paragraph.
-    \ifx\par\lisppar
-      \edef\par{\leavevmode \par}%
-      %
-      % Reset ^^M's definition to new definition of \par.
-      \obeylines
-    \fi
-    %
     % Do @comment since we are called inside an environment such as
     % @example, where each end-of-line in the input causes an
     % end-of-line in the output.  We don't want the end-of-line after
@@ -630,6 +763,32 @@
     \comment
 }
 %
+% The \vtop produces a box with normal height and large depth; thus, TeX puts
+% \baselineskip glue before it, and (when the next line of text is done)
+% \lineskip glue after it.  Thus, space below is not quite equal to space
+% above.  But it's pretty close.
+\def\Egroup{%
+    % To get correct interline space between the last line of the group
+    % and the first line afterwards, we have to propagate \prevdepth.
+    \endgraf % Not \par, as it may have been set to \lisppar.
+    \global\dimen1 = \prevdepth
+  \egroup           % End the \vtop.
+  % \dimen0 is the vertical size of the group's box.
+  \dimen0 = \ht\groupbox  \advance\dimen0 by \dp\groupbox
+  % \dimen2 is how much space is left on the page (more or less).
+  \dimen2 = \pageheight   \advance\dimen2 by -\pagetotal
+  % if the group doesn't fit on the current page, and it's a big big
+  % group, force a page break.
+  \ifdim \dimen0 > \dimen2
+    \ifdim \pagetotal < \vfilllimit\pageheight
+      \page
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \box\groupbox
+  \prevdepth = \dimen1
+  \checkinserts
+}
+%
 % TeX puts in an \escapechar (i.e., `@') at the beginning of the help
 % message, so this ends up printing `@group can only ...'.
 %
@@ -642,10 +801,8 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 
 \newdimen\mil  \mil=0.001in
 
-\def\need{\parsearg\needx}
-
 % Old definition--didn't work.
-%\def\needx #1{\par %
+%\parseargdef\need{\par %
 %% This method tries to make TeX break the page naturally
 %% if the depth of the box does not fit.
 %{\baselineskip=0pt%
@@ -653,7 +810,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 %\prevdepth=-1000pt
 %}}
 
-\def\needx#1{%
+\parseargdef\need{%
   % Ensure vertical mode, so we don't make a big box in the middle of a
   % paragraph.
   \par
@@ -692,37 +849,11 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \fi
 }
 
-% @br   forces paragraph break
+% @br   forces paragraph break (and is undocumented).
 
 \let\br = \par
 
-% @dots{} output an ellipsis using the current font.
-% We do .5em per period so that it has the same spacing in a typewriter
-% font as three actual period characters.
-%
-\def\dots{%
-  \leavevmode
-  \hbox to 1.5em{%
-    \hskip 0pt plus 0.25fil minus 0.25fil
-    .\hss.\hss.%
-    \hskip 0pt plus 0.5fil minus 0.5fil
-  }%
-}
-
-% @enddots{} is an end-of-sentence ellipsis.
-%
-\def\enddots{%
-  \leavevmode
-  \hbox to 2em{%
-    \hskip 0pt plus 0.25fil minus 0.25fil
-    .\hss.\hss.\hss.%
-    \hskip 0pt plus 0.5fil minus 0.5fil
-  }%
-  \spacefactor=3000
-}
-
-
-% @page    forces the start of a new page
+% @page forces the start of a new page.
 %
 \def\page{\par\vfill\supereject}
 
@@ -734,13 +865,11 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \newskip\exdentamount
 
 % This defn is used inside fill environments such as @defun.
-\def\exdent{\parsearg\exdentyyy}
-\def\exdentyyy #1{{\hfil\break\hbox{\kern -\exdentamount{\rm#1}}\hfil\break}}
+\parseargdef\exdent{\hfil\break\hbox{\kern -\exdentamount{\rm#1}}\hfil\break}
 
 % This defn is used inside nofill environments such as @example.
-\def\nofillexdent{\parsearg\nofillexdentyyy}
-\def\nofillexdentyyy #1{{\advance \leftskip by -\exdentamount
-\leftline{\hskip\leftskip{\rm#1}}}}
+\parseargdef\nofillexdent{{\advance \leftskip by -\exdentamount
+  \leftline{\hskip\leftskip{\rm#1}}}}
 
 % @inmargin{WHICH}{TEXT} puts TEXT in the WHICH margin next to the current
 % paragraph.  For more general purposes, use the \margin insertion
@@ -771,10 +900,10 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % @inmargin{TEXT [, RIGHT-TEXT]}
 % (if RIGHT-TEXT is given, use TEXT for left page, RIGHT-TEXT for right;
 % else use TEXT for both).
-% 
+%
 \def\inmargin#1{\parseinmargin #1,,\finish}
 \def\parseinmargin#1,#2,#3\finish{% not perfect, but better than nothing.
-  \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}% 
+  \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}%
   \ifdim\wd0 > 0pt
     \def\lefttext{#1}%  have both texts
     \def\righttext{#2}%
@@ -791,9 +920,25 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \temp
 }
 
-% @include file    insert text of that file as input.
-% Allow normal characters that  we make active in the argument (a file name).
-\def\include{\begingroup
+% @include FILE -- \input text of FILE.
+%
+\def\include{\parseargusing\filenamecatcodes\includezzz}
+\def\includezzz#1{%
+  \pushthisfilestack
+  \def\thisfile{#1}%
+  {%
+    \makevalueexpandable  % we want to expand any @value in FILE.
+    \turnoffactive        % and allow special characters in the expansion
+    \indexnofonts         % Allow `@@' and other weird things in file names.
+    \edef\temp{\noexpand\input #1 }%
+    %
+    % This trickery is to read FILE outside of a group, in case it makes
+    % definitions, etc.
+    \expandafter
+  }\temp
+  \popthisfilestack
+}
+\def\filenamecatcodes{%
   \catcode`\\=\other
   \catcode`~=\other
   \catcode`^=\other
@@ -802,33 +947,52 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \catcode`<=\other
   \catcode`>=\other
   \catcode`+=\other
-  \parsearg\includezzz}
-% Restore active chars for included file.
-\def\includezzz#1{\endgroup\begingroup
-  % Read the included file in a group so nested @include's work.
-  \def\thisfile{#1}%
-  \let\value=\expandablevalue
-  \input\thisfile
-\endgroup}
+  \catcode`-=\other
+  \catcode`\`=\other
+  \catcode`\'=\other
+}
+
+\def\pushthisfilestack{%
+  \expandafter\pushthisfilestackX\popthisfilestack\StackTerm
+}
+\def\pushthisfilestackX{%
+  \expandafter\pushthisfilestackY\thisfile\StackTerm
+}
+\def\pushthisfilestackY #1\StackTerm #2\StackTerm {%
+  \gdef\popthisfilestack{\gdef\thisfile{#1}\gdef\popthisfilestack{#2}}%
+}
+
+\def\popthisfilestack{\errthisfilestackempty}
+\def\errthisfilestackempty{\errmessage{Internal error:
+  the stack of filenames is empty.}}
 
 \def\thisfile{}
 
 % @center line
 % outputs that line, centered.
 %
-\def\center{\parsearg\docenter}
-\def\docenter#1{{%
-  \ifhmode \hfil\break \fi
-  \advance\hsize by -\leftskip
-  \advance\hsize by -\rightskip
-  \line{\hfil \ignorespaces#1\unskip \hfil}%
-  \ifhmode \break \fi
-}}
+\parseargdef\center{%
+  \ifhmode
+    \let\next\centerH
+  \else
+    \let\next\centerV
+  \fi
+  \next{\hfil \ignorespaces#1\unskip \hfil}%
+}
+\def\centerH#1{%
+  {%
+    \hfil\break
+    \advance\hsize by -\leftskip
+    \advance\hsize by -\rightskip
+    \line{#1}%
+    \break
+  }%
+}
+\def\centerV#1{\line{\kern\leftskip #1\kern\rightskip}}
 
 % @sp n   outputs n lines of vertical space
 
-\def\sp{\parsearg\spxxx}
-\def\spxxx #1{\vskip #1\baselineskip}
+\parseargdef\sp{\vskip #1\baselineskip}
 
 % @comment ...line which is ignored...
 % @c is the same as @comment
@@ -843,13 +1007,13 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 
 % @paragraphindent NCHARS
 % We'll use ems for NCHARS, close enough.
-% We cannot implement @paragraphindent asis, though.
-% 
+% NCHARS can also be the word `asis' or `none'.
+% We cannot feasibly implement @paragraphindent asis, though.
+%
 \def\asisword{asis} % no translation, these are keywords
 \def\noneword{none}
 %
-\def\paragraphindent{\parsearg\doparagraphindent}
-\def\doparagraphindent#1{%
+\parseargdef\paragraphindent{%
   \def\temp{#1}%
   \ifx\temp\asisword
   \else
@@ -866,8 +1030,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % We'll use ems for NCHARS like @paragraphindent.
 % It seems @exampleindent asis isn't necessary, but
 % I preserve it to make it similar to @paragraphindent.
-\def\exampleindent{\parsearg\doexampleindent}
-\def\doexampleindent#1{%
+\parseargdef\exampleindent{%
   \def\temp{#1}%
   \ifx\temp\asisword
   \else
@@ -879,64 +1042,161 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \fi
 }
 
+% @firstparagraphindent WORD
+% If WORD is `none', then suppress indentation of the first paragraph
+% after a section heading.  If WORD is `insert', then do indent at such
+% paragraphs.
+%
+% The paragraph indentation is suppressed or not by calling
+% \suppressfirstparagraphindent, which the sectioning commands do.
+% We switch the definition of this back and forth according to WORD.
+% By default, we suppress indentation.
+%
+\def\suppressfirstparagraphindent{\dosuppressfirstparagraphindent}
+\def\insertword{insert}
+%
+\parseargdef\firstparagraphindent{%
+  \def\temp{#1}%
+  \ifx\temp\noneword
+    \let\suppressfirstparagraphindent = \dosuppressfirstparagraphindent
+  \else\ifx\temp\insertword
+    \let\suppressfirstparagraphindent = \relax
+  \else
+    \errhelp = \EMsimple
+    \errmessage{Unknown @firstparagraphindent option `\temp'}%
+  \fi\fi
+}
+
+% Here is how we actually suppress indentation.  Redefine \everypar to
+% \kern backwards by \parindent, and then reset itself to empty.
+%
+% We also make \indent itself not actually do anything until the next
+% paragraph.
+%
+\gdef\dosuppressfirstparagraphindent{%
+  \gdef\indent{%
+    \restorefirstparagraphindent
+    \indent
+  }%
+  \gdef\noindent{%
+    \restorefirstparagraphindent
+    \noindent
+  }%
+  \global\everypar = {%
+    \kern -\parindent
+    \restorefirstparagraphindent
+  }%
+}
+
+\gdef\restorefirstparagraphindent{%
+  \global \let \indent = \ptexindent
+  \global \let \noindent = \ptexnoindent
+  \global \everypar = {}%
+}
+
+
 % @asis just yields its argument.  Used with @table, for example.
 %
 \def\asis#1{#1}
 
 % @math outputs its argument in math mode.
-% We don't use $'s directly in the definition of \math because we need
-% to set catcodes according to plain TeX first, to allow for subscripts,
-% superscripts, special math chars, etc.
-% 
-\let\implicitmath = $%$ font-lock fix
 %
 % One complication: _ usually means subscripts, but it could also mean
 % an actual _ character, as in @math{@var{some_variable} + 1}.  So make
-% _ within @math be active (mathcode "8000), and distinguish by seeing
-% if the current family is \slfam, which is what @var uses.
-% 
-{\catcode\underChar = \active
-\gdef\mathunderscore{%
-  \catcode\underChar=\active
-  \def_{\ifnum\fam=\slfam \_\else\sb\fi}%
-}}
-%
+% _ active, and distinguish by seeing if the current family is \slfam,
+% which is what @var uses.
+{
+  \catcode`\_ = \active
+  \gdef\mathunderscore{%
+    \catcode`\_=\active
+    \def_{\ifnum\fam=\slfam \_\else\sb\fi}%
+  }
+}
 % Another complication: we want \\ (and @\) to output a \ character.
 % FYI, plain.tex uses \\ as a temporary control sequence (why?), but
 % this is not advertised and we don't care.  Texinfo does not
 % otherwise define @\.
-% 
+%
 % The \mathchar is class=0=ordinary, family=7=ttfam, position=5C=\.
 \def\mathbackslash{\ifnum\fam=\ttfam \mathchar"075C \else\backslash \fi}
 %
 \def\math{%
   \tex
-  \mathcode`\_="8000 \mathunderscore
+  \mathunderscore
   \let\\ = \mathbackslash
   \mathactive
-  \implicitmath\finishmath}
-\def\finishmath#1{#1\implicitmath\Etex}
+  % make the texinfo accent commands work in math mode
+  \let\"=\ddot
+  \let\'=\acute
+  \let\==\bar
+  \let\^=\hat
+  \let\`=\grave
+  \let\u=\breve
+  \let\v=\check
+  \let\~=\tilde
+  \let\dotaccent=\dot
+  $\finishmath
+}
+\def\finishmath#1{#1$\endgroup}  % Close the group opened by \tex.
 
 % Some active characters (such as <) are spaced differently in math.
-% We have to reset their definitions in case the @math was an
-% argument to a command which set the catcodes (such as @item or @section).
-% 
+% We have to reset their definitions in case the @math was an argument
+% to a command which sets the catcodes (such as @item or @section).
+%
 {
   \catcode`^ = \active
   \catcode`< = \active
   \catcode`> = \active
   \catcode`+ = \active
+  \catcode`' = \active
   \gdef\mathactive{%
     \let^ = \ptexhat
     \let< = \ptexless
     \let> = \ptexgtr
     \let+ = \ptexplus
+    \let' = \ptexquoteright
   }
 }
 
-% @bullet and @minus need the same treatment as @math, just above.
-\def\bullet{\implicitmath\ptexbullet\implicitmath}
-\def\minus{\implicitmath-\implicitmath}
+% Some math mode symbols.
+\def\bullet{$\ptexbullet$}
+\def\geq{\ifmmode \ge\else $\ge$\fi}
+\def\leq{\ifmmode \le\else $\le$\fi}
+\def\minus{\ifmmode -\else $-$\fi}
+
+% @dots{} outputs an ellipsis using the current font.
+% We do .5em per period so that it has the same spacing in the cm
+% typewriter fonts as three actual period characters; on the other hand,
+% in other typewriter fonts three periods are wider than 1.5em.  So do
+% whichever is larger.
+%
+\def\dots{%
+  \leavevmode
+  \setbox0=\hbox{...}% get width of three periods
+  \ifdim\wd0 > 1.5em
+    \dimen0 = \wd0
+  \else
+    \dimen0 = 1.5em
+  \fi
+  \hbox to \dimen0{%
+    \hskip 0pt plus.25fil
+    .\hskip 0pt plus1fil
+    .\hskip 0pt plus1fil
+    .\hskip 0pt plus.5fil
+  }%
+}
+
+% @enddots{} is an end-of-sentence ellipsis.
+%
+\def\enddots{%
+  \dots
+  \spacefactor=\endofsentencespacefactor
+}
+
+% @comma{} is so commas can be inserted into text without messing up
+% Texinfo's parsing.
+%
+\let\comma = ,
 
 % @refill is a no-op.
 \let\refill=\relax
@@ -952,20 +1212,20 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % So open here the files we need to have open while reading the input.
 % This makes it possible to make a .fmt file for texinfo.
 \def\setfilename{%
+   \fixbackslash  % Turn off hack to swallow `\input texinfo'.
    \iflinks
-     \readauxfile
+     \tryauxfile
+     % Open the new aux file.  TeX will close it automatically at exit.
+     \immediate\openout\auxfile=\jobname.aux
    \fi % \openindices needs to do some work in any case.
    \openindices
-   \fixbackslash  % Turn off hack to swallow `\input texinfo'.
-   \global\let\setfilename=\comment % Ignore extra @setfilename cmds.
+   \let\setfilename=\comment % Ignore extra @setfilename cmds.
    %
    % If texinfo.cnf is present on the system, read it.
    % Useful for site-wide @afourpaper, etc.
-   % Just to be on the safe side, close the input stream before the \input.
    \openin 1 texinfo.cnf
-   \ifeof1 \let\temp=\relax \else \def\temp{\input texinfo.cnf }\fi
-   \closein1
-   \temp
+   \ifeof 1 \else \input texinfo.cnf \fi
+   \closein 1
    %
    \comment % Ignore the actual filename.
 }
@@ -1001,119 +1261,297 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \newif\ifpdf
 \newif\ifpdfmakepagedest
 
+% when pdftex is run in dvi mode, \pdfoutput is defined (so \pdfoutput=1
+% can be set).  So we test for \relax and 0 as well as \undefined,
+% borrowed from ifpdf.sty.
 \ifx\pdfoutput\undefined
-  \pdffalse
-  \let\pdfmkdest = \gobble
-  \let\pdfurl = \gobble
-  \let\endlink = \relax
-  \let\linkcolor = \relax
-  \let\pdfmakeoutlines = \relax
 \else
-  \pdftrue
-  \pdfoutput = 1
-  \input pdfcolor
+  \ifx\pdfoutput\relax
+  \else
+    \ifcase\pdfoutput
+    \else
+      \pdftrue
+    \fi
+  \fi
+\fi
+
+% PDF uses PostScript string constants for the names of xref targets,
+% for display in the outlines, and in other places.  Thus, we have to
+% double any backslashes.  Otherwise, a name like "\node" will be
+% interpreted as a newline (\n), followed by o, d, e.  Not good.
+% http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-July/000654.html
+% (and related messages, the final outcome is that it is up to the TeX
+% user to double the backslashes and otherwise make the string valid, so
+% that's what we do).
+
+% double active backslashes.
+% 
+{\catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\active
+ @gdef@activebackslashdouble{%
+   @catcode`@\=@active
+   @let\=@doublebackslash}
+}
+
+% To handle parens, we must adopt a different approach, since parens are
+% not active characters.  hyperref.dtx (which has the same problem as
+% us) handles it with this amazing macro to replace tokens, with minor
+% changes for Texinfo.  It is included here under the GPL by permission
+% from the author, Heiko Oberdiek.
+% 
+% #1 is the tokens to replace.
+% #2 is the replacement.
+% #3 is the control sequence with the string.
+% 
+\def\HyPsdSubst#1#2#3{%
+  \def\HyPsdReplace##1#1##2\END{%
+    ##1%
+    \ifx\\##2\\%
+    \else
+      #2%
+      \HyReturnAfterFi{%
+        \HyPsdReplace##2\END
+      }%
+    \fi
+  }%
+  \xdef#3{\expandafter\HyPsdReplace#3#1\END}%
+}
+\long\def\HyReturnAfterFi#1\fi{\fi#1}
+
+% #1 is a control sequence in which to do the replacements.
+\def\backslashparens#1{%
+  \xdef#1{#1}% redefine it as its expansion; the definition is simply
+             % \lastnode when called from \setref -> \pdfmkdest.
+  \HyPsdSubst{(}{\realbackslash(}{#1}%
+  \HyPsdSubst{)}{\realbackslash)}{#1}%
+}
+
+\newhelp\nopdfimagehelp{Texinfo supports .png, .jpg, .jpeg, and .pdf images
+with PDF output, and none of those formats could be found.  (.eps cannot
+be supported due to the design of the PDF format; use regular TeX (DVI
+output) for that.)}
+
+\ifpdf
+  %
+  % Color manipulation macros based on pdfcolor.tex.
+  \def\cmykDarkRed{0.28 1 1 0.35}
+  \def\cmykBlack{0 0 0 1}
+  %
+  % k sets the color for filling (usual text, etc.);
+  % K sets the color for stroking (thin rules, e.g., normal _'s).
+  \def\pdfsetcolor#1{\pdfliteral{#1 k  #1 K}}
+  %
+  % Set color, and create a mark which defines \thiscolor accordingly,
+  % so that \makeheadline knows which color to restore.
+  \def\setcolor#1{%
+    \xdef\lastcolordefs{\gdef\noexpand\thiscolor{#1}}%
+    \domark
+    \pdfsetcolor{#1}%
+  }
+  %
+  \def\maincolor{\cmykBlack}
+  \pdfsetcolor{\maincolor}
+  \edef\thiscolor{\maincolor}
+  \def\lastcolordefs{}
+  %
+  \def\makefootline{%
+    \baselineskip24pt
+    \line{\pdfsetcolor{\maincolor}\the\footline}%
+  }
+  %
+  \def\makeheadline{%
+    \vbox to 0pt{%
+      \vskip-22.5pt
+      \line{%
+        \vbox to8.5pt{}%
+        % Extract \thiscolor definition from the marks.
+        \getcolormarks
+        % Typeset the headline with \maincolor, then restore the color.
+        \pdfsetcolor{\maincolor}\the\headline\pdfsetcolor{\thiscolor}%
+      }%
+      \vss
+    }%
+    \nointerlineskip
+  }
+  %
+  %
+  \pdfcatalog{/PageMode /UseOutlines}
+  %
+  % #1 is image name, #2 width (might be empty/whitespace), #3 height (ditto).
   \def\dopdfimage#1#2#3{%
-    \def\imagewidth{#2}%
-    \def\imageheight{#3}%
-    % without \immediate, pdftex seg faults when the same image is
+    \def\imagewidth{#2}\setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}%
+    \def\imageheight{#3}\setbox2 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #3}%
+    %
+    % pdftex (and the PDF format) support .png, .jpg, .pdf (among
+    % others).  Let's try in that order.
+    \let\pdfimgext=\empty
+    \begingroup
+      \openin 1 #1.png \ifeof 1
+        \openin 1 #1.jpg \ifeof 1
+          \openin 1 #1.jpeg \ifeof 1
+            \openin 1 #1.JPG \ifeof 1
+              \openin 1 #1.pdf \ifeof 1
+                \openin 1 #1.PDF \ifeof 1
+                  \errhelp = \nopdfimagehelp
+                  \errmessage{Could not find image file #1 for pdf}%
+                \else \gdef\pdfimgext{PDF}%
+                \fi
+              \else \gdef\pdfimgext{pdf}%
+              \fi
+            \else \gdef\pdfimgext{JPG}%
+            \fi
+          \else \gdef\pdfimgext{jpeg}%
+          \fi
+        \else \gdef\pdfimgext{jpg}%
+        \fi
+      \else \gdef\pdfimgext{png}%
+      \fi
+      \closein 1
+    \endgroup
+    %
+    % without \immediate, ancient pdftex seg faults when the same image is
     % included twice.  (Version 3.14159-pre-1.0-unofficial-20010704.)
     \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14
       \immediate\pdfimage
     \else
       \immediate\pdfximage
     \fi
-      \ifx\empty\imagewidth\else width \imagewidth \fi
-      \ifx\empty\imageheight\else height \imageheight \fi
+      \ifdim \wd0 >0pt width \imagewidth \fi
+      \ifdim \wd2 >0pt height \imageheight \fi
       \ifnum\pdftexversion<13
-         #1.pdf%
+         #1.\pdfimgext
        \else
-         {#1.pdf}%
+         {#1.\pdfimgext}%
        \fi
     \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14 \else
       \pdfrefximage \pdflastximage
     \fi}
-  \def\pdfmkdest#1{{\normalturnoffactive \pdfdest name{#1} xyz}}
+  %
+  \def\pdfmkdest#1{{%
+    % We have to set dummies so commands such as @code, and characters
+    % such as \, aren't expanded when present in a section title.
+    \indexnofonts
+    \turnoffactive
+    \activebackslashdouble
+    \makevalueexpandable
+    \def\pdfdestname{#1}%
+    \backslashparens\pdfdestname
+    \safewhatsit{\pdfdest name{\pdfdestname} xyz}%
+  }}
+  %
+  % used to mark target names; must be expandable.
   \def\pdfmkpgn#1{#1}
-  \let\linkcolor = \Blue  % was Cyan, but that seems light?
-  \def\endlink{\Black\pdfendlink}
+  %
+  % by default, use a color that is dark enough to print on paper as
+  % nearly black, but still distinguishable for online viewing.
+  \def\urlcolor{\cmykDarkRed}
+  \def\linkcolor{\cmykDarkRed}
+  \def\endlink{\setcolor{\maincolor}\pdfendlink}
+  %
   % Adding outlines to PDF; macros for calculating structure of outlines
   % come from Petr Olsak
   \def\expnumber#1{\expandafter\ifx\csname#1\endcsname\relax 0%
     \else \csname#1\endcsname \fi}
   \def\advancenumber#1{\tempnum=\expnumber{#1}\relax
-    \advance\tempnum by1
+    \advance\tempnum by 1
     \expandafter\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{\the\tempnum}}
-  \def\pdfmakeoutlines{{%
-    \openin 1 \jobname.toc
-    \ifeof 1\else\begingroup
-      \closein 1 
-      % Thanh's hack / proper braces in bookmarks  
+  %
+  % #1 is the section text, which is what will be displayed in the
+  % outline by the pdf viewer.  #2 is the pdf expression for the number
+  % of subentries (or empty, for subsubsections).  #3 is the node text,
+  % which might be empty if this toc entry had no corresponding node.
+  % #4 is the page number
+  %
+  \def\dopdfoutline#1#2#3#4{%
+    % Generate a link to the node text if that exists; else, use the
+    % page number.  We could generate a destination for the section
+    % text in the case where a section has no node, but it doesn't
+    % seem worth the trouble, since most documents are normally structured.
+    \def\pdfoutlinedest{#3}%
+    \ifx\pdfoutlinedest\empty
+      \def\pdfoutlinedest{#4}%
+    \else
+      % Doubled backslashes in the name.
+      {\activebackslashdouble \xdef\pdfoutlinedest{#3}%
+       \backslashparens\pdfoutlinedest}%
+    \fi
+    %
+    % Also double the backslashes in the display string.
+    {\activebackslashdouble \xdef\pdfoutlinetext{#1}%
+     \backslashparens\pdfoutlinetext}%
+    %
+    \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{\pdfoutlinedest}}#2{\pdfoutlinetext}%
+  }
+  %
+  \def\pdfmakeoutlines{%
+    \begingroup
+      % Thanh's hack / proper braces in bookmarks
       \edef\mylbrace{\iftrue \string{\else}\fi}\let\{=\mylbrace
       \edef\myrbrace{\iffalse{\else\string}\fi}\let\}=\myrbrace
       %
-      \def\chapentry ##1##2##3{}
-      \def\secentry ##1##2##3##4{\advancenumber{chap##2}}
-      \def\subsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5{\advancenumber{sec##2.##3}}
-      \def\subsubsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5##6{\advancenumber{subsec##2.##3.##4}}
-      \let\appendixentry = \chapentry
-      \let\unnumbchapentry = \chapentry
-      \let\unnumbsecentry = \secentry
-      \let\unnumbsubsecentry = \subsecentry
-      \let\unnumbsubsubsecentry = \subsubsecentry
-      \input \jobname.toc
-      \def\chapentry ##1##2##3{%
-        \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##3}}count-\expnumber{chap##2}{##1}}
-      \def\secentry ##1##2##3##4{%
-        \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##4}}count-\expnumber{sec##2.##3}{##1}}
-      \def\subsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5{%
-        \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##5}}count-\expnumber{subsec##2.##3.##4}{##1}}
-      \def\subsubsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5##6{%
-        \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##6}}{##1}}
-      \let\appendixentry = \chapentry
-      \let\unnumbchapentry = \chapentry
-      \let\unnumbsecentry = \secentry
-      \let\unnumbsubsecentry = \subsecentry
-      \let\unnumbsubsubsecentry = \subsubsecentry
+      % Read toc silently, to get counts of subentries for \pdfoutline.
+      \def\numchapentry##1##2##3##4{%
+	\def\thischapnum{##2}%
+	\def\thissecnum{0}%
+	\def\thissubsecnum{0}%
+      }%
+      \def\numsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
+	\advancenumber{chap\thischapnum}%
+	\def\thissecnum{##2}%
+	\def\thissubsecnum{0}%
+      }%
+      \def\numsubsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
+	\advancenumber{sec\thissecnum}%
+	\def\thissubsecnum{##2}%
+      }%
+      \def\numsubsubsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
+	\advancenumber{subsec\thissubsecnum}%
+      }%
+      \def\thischapnum{0}%
+      \def\thissecnum{0}%
+      \def\thissubsecnum{0}%
       %
-      % Make special characters normal for writing to the pdf file.
-      % 
+      % use \def rather than \let here because we redefine \chapentry et
+      % al. a second time, below.
+      \def\appentry{\numchapentry}%
+      \def\appsecentry{\numsecentry}%
+      \def\appsubsecentry{\numsubsecentry}%
+      \def\appsubsubsecentry{\numsubsubsecentry}%
+      \def\unnchapentry{\numchapentry}%
+      \def\unnsecentry{\numsecentry}%
+      \def\unnsubsecentry{\numsubsecentry}%
+      \def\unnsubsubsecentry{\numsubsubsecentry}%
+      \readdatafile{toc}%
+      %
+      % Read toc second time, this time actually producing the outlines.
+      % The `-' means take the \expnumber as the absolute number of
+      % subentries, which we calculated on our first read of the .toc above.
+      %
+      % We use the node names as the destinations.
+      \def\numchapentry##1##2##3##4{%
+        \dopdfoutline{##1}{count-\expnumber{chap##2}}{##3}{##4}}%
+      \def\numsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
+        \dopdfoutline{##1}{count-\expnumber{sec##2}}{##3}{##4}}%
+      \def\numsubsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
+        \dopdfoutline{##1}{count-\expnumber{subsec##2}}{##3}{##4}}%
+      \def\numsubsubsecentry##1##2##3##4{% count is always zero
+        \dopdfoutline{##1}{}{##3}{##4}}%
+      %
+      % PDF outlines are displayed using system fonts, instead of
+      % document fonts.  Therefore we cannot use special characters,
+      % since the encoding is unknown.  For example, the eogonek from
+      % Latin 2 (0xea) gets translated to a | character.  Info from
+      % Staszek Wawrykiewicz, 19 Jan 2004 04:09:24 +0100.
+      %
+      % xx to do this right, we have to translate 8-bit characters to
+      % their "best" equivalent, based on the @documentencoding.  Right
+      % now, I guess we'll just let the pdf reader have its way.
       \indexnofonts
-      \let\tt=\relax
-      \turnoffactive
-      \input \jobname.toc
-    \endgroup\fi
-  }}
-  \def\makelinks #1,{%
-    \def\params{#1}\def\E{END}%
-    \ifx\params\E
-      \let\nextmakelinks=\relax
-    \else
-      \let\nextmakelinks=\makelinks
-      \ifnum\lnkcount>0,\fi
-      \picknum{#1}%
-      \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]} 
-        goto name{\pdfmkpgn{\the\pgn}}%
-      \linkcolor #1%
-      \advance\lnkcount by 1%
-      \endlink
-    \fi
-    \nextmakelinks
-  }
-  \def\picknum#1{\expandafter\pn#1}
-  \def\pn#1{%
-    \def\p{#1}%
-    \ifx\p\lbrace
-      \let\nextpn=\ppn
-    \else
-      \let\nextpn=\ppnn
-      \def\first{#1}
-    \fi
-    \nextpn
+      \setupdatafile
+      \catcode`\\=\active \otherbackslash
+      \input \tocreadfilename
+    \endgroup
   }
-  \def\ppn#1{\pgn=#1\gobble}
-  \def\ppnn{\pgn=\first}
-  \def\pdfmklnk#1{\lnkcount=0\makelinks #1,END,}
-  \def\addtokens#1#2{\edef\addtoks{\noexpand#1={\the#1#2}}\addtoks}
+  %
   \def\skipspaces#1{\def\PP{#1}\def\D{|}%
     \ifx\PP\D\let\nextsp\relax
     \else\let\nextsp\skipspaces
@@ -1128,25 +1566,36 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \else
     \let \startlink \pdfstartlink
   \fi
+  % make a live url in pdf output.
   \def\pdfurl#1{%
     \begingroup
-      \normalturnoffactive\def\@{@}%
-      \let\value=\expandablevalue
-      \leavevmode\Red
+      % it seems we really need yet another set of dummies; have not
+      % tried to figure out what each command should do in the context
+      % of @url.  for now, just make @/ a no-op, that's the only one
+      % people have actually reported a problem with.
+      % 
+      \normalturnoffactive
+      \def\@{@}%
+      \let\/=\empty
+      \makevalueexpandable
+      % do we want to go so far as to use \indexnofonts instead of just
+      % special-casing \var here?
+      \def\var##1{##1}%
+      %
+      \leavevmode\setcolor{\urlcolor}%
       \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
         user{/Subtype /Link /A << /S /URI /URI (#1) >>}%
-        % #1
     \endgroup}
   \def\pdfgettoks#1.{\setbox\boxA=\hbox{\toksA={#1.}\toksB={}\maketoks}}
   \def\addtokens#1#2{\edef\addtoks{\noexpand#1={\the#1#2}}\addtoks}
   \def\adn#1{\addtokens{\toksC}{#1}\global\countA=1\let\next=\maketoks}
   \def\poptoks#1#2|ENDTOKS|{\let\first=#1\toksD={#1}\toksA={#2}}
   \def\maketoks{%
-    \expandafter\poptoks\the\toksA|ENDTOKS|
+    \expandafter\poptoks\the\toksA|ENDTOKS|\relax
     \ifx\first0\adn0
     \else\ifx\first1\adn1 \else\ifx\first2\adn2 \else\ifx\first3\adn3
     \else\ifx\first4\adn4 \else\ifx\first5\adn5 \else\ifx\first6\adn6
-    \else\ifx\first7\adn7 \else\ifx\first8\adn8 \else\ifx\first9\adn9 
+    \else\ifx\first7\adn7 \else\ifx\first8\adn8 \else\ifx\first9\adn9
     \else
       \ifnum0=\countA\else\makelink\fi
       \ifx\first.\let\next=\done\else
@@ -1160,22 +1609,53 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
     {\noexpand\pdflink{\the\toksC}}\toksC={}\global\countA=0}
   \def\pdflink#1{%
     \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]} goto name{\pdfmkpgn{#1}}
-    \linkcolor #1\endlink}
+    \setcolor{\linkcolor}#1\endlink}
   \def\done{\edef\st{\global\noexpand\toksA={\the\toksB}}\st}
-\fi % \ifx\pdfoutput
+\else
+  % non-pdf mode
+  \let\pdfmkdest = \gobble
+  \let\pdfurl = \gobble
+  \let\endlink = \relax
+  \let\setcolor = \gobble
+  \let\pdfsetcolor = \gobble
+  \let\pdfmakeoutlines = \relax
+\fi  % \ifx\pdfoutput
 
 
 \message{fonts,}
-% Font-change commands.
+
+% Change the current font style to #1, remembering it in \curfontstyle.
+% For now, we do not accumulate font styles: @b{@i{foo}} prints foo in
+% italics, not bold italics.
+%
+\def\setfontstyle#1{%
+  \def\curfontstyle{#1}% not as a control sequence, because we are \edef'd.
+  \csname ten#1\endcsname  % change the current font
+}
+
+% Select #1 fonts with the current style.
+%
+\def\selectfonts#1{\csname #1fonts\endcsname \csname\curfontstyle\endcsname}
+
+\def\rm{\fam=0 \setfontstyle{rm}}
+\def\it{\fam=\itfam \setfontstyle{it}}
+\def\sl{\fam=\slfam \setfontstyle{sl}}
+\def\bf{\fam=\bffam \setfontstyle{bf}}\def\bfstylename{bf}
+\def\tt{\fam=\ttfam \setfontstyle{tt}}
+
+% Unfortunately, we have to override this for titles and the like, since
+% in those cases "rm" is bold.  Sigh.
+\def\rmisbold{\rm\def\curfontstyle{bf}}
 
 % Texinfo sort of supports the sans serif font style, which plain TeX does not.
-% So we set up a \sf analogous to plain's \rm, etc.
+% So we set up a \sf.
 \newfam\sffam
-\def\sf{\fam=\sffam \tensf}
+\def\sf{\fam=\sffam \setfontstyle{sf}}
 \let\li = \sf % Sometimes we call it \li, not \sf.
 
-% We don't need math for this one.
-\def\ttsl{\tenttsl}
+% We don't need math for this font style.
+\def\ttsl{\setfontstyle{ttsl}}
+
 
 % Default leading.
 \newdimen\textleading  \textleading = 13.2pt
@@ -1188,8 +1668,12 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \def\strutheightpercent{.70833}
 \def\strutdepthpercent {.29167}
 %
+% can get a sort of poor man's double spacing by redefining this.
+\def\baselinefactor{1}
+%
 \def\setleading#1{%
-  \normalbaselineskip = #1\relax
+  \dimen0 = #1\relax
+  \normalbaselineskip = \baselinefactor\dimen0
   \normallineskip = \lineskipfactor\normalbaselineskip
   \normalbaselines
   \setbox\strutbox =\hbox{%
@@ -1198,10 +1682,279 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   }%
 }
 
+% PDF CMaps.  See also LaTeX's t1.cmap.
+%
+% do nothing with this by default.
+\expandafter\let\csname cmapOT1\endcsname\gobble
+\expandafter\let\csname cmapOT1IT\endcsname\gobble
+\expandafter\let\csname cmapOT1TT\endcsname\gobble
+
+% if we are producing pdf, and we have \pdffontattr, then define cmaps.
+% (\pdffontattr was introduced many years ago, but people still run
+% older pdftex's; it's easy to conditionalize, so we do.)
+\ifpdf \ifx\pdffontattr\undefined \else
+  \begingroup
+    \catcode`\^^M=\active \def^^M{^^J}% Output line endings as the ^^J char.
+    \catcode`\%=12 \immediate\pdfobj stream {%!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-CMap
+%%DocumentNeededResources: ProcSet (CIDInit)
+%%IncludeResource: ProcSet (CIDInit)
+%%BeginResource: CMap (TeX-OT1-0)
+%%Title: (TeX-OT1-0 TeX OT1 0)
+%%Version: 1.000
+%%EndComments
+/CIDInit /ProcSet findresource begin
+12 dict begin
+begincmap
+/CIDSystemInfo
+<< /Registry (TeX)
+/Ordering (OT1)
+/Supplement 0
+>> def
+/CMapName /TeX-OT1-0 def
+/CMapType 2 def
+1 begincodespacerange
+<00> <7F>
+endcodespacerange
+8 beginbfrange
+<00> <01> <0393>
+<09> <0A> <03A8>
+<23> <26> <0023>
+<28> <3B> <0028>
+<3F> <5B> <003F>
+<5D> <5E> <005D>
+<61> <7A> <0061>
+<7B> <7C> <2013>
+endbfrange
+40 beginbfchar
+<02> <0398>
+<03> <039B>
+<04> <039E>
+<05> <03A0>
+<06> <03A3>
+<07> <03D2>
+<08> <03A6>
+<0B> <00660066>
+<0C> <00660069>
+<0D> <0066006C>
+<0E> <006600660069>
+<0F> <00660066006C>
+<10> <0131>
+<11> <0237>
+<12> <0060>
+<13> <00B4>
+<14> <02C7>
+<15> <02D8>
+<16> <00AF>
+<17> <02DA>
+<18> <00B8>
+<19> <00DF>
+<1A> <00E6>
+<1B> <0153>
+<1C> <00F8>
+<1D> <00C6>
+<1E> <0152>
+<1F> <00D8>
+<21> <0021>
+<22> <201D>
+<27> <2019>
+<3C> <00A1>
+<3D> <003D>
+<3E> <00BF>
+<5C> <201C>
+<5F> <02D9>
+<60> <2018>
+<7D> <02DD>
+<7E> <007E>
+<7F> <00A8>
+endbfchar
+endcmap
+CMapName currentdict /CMap defineresource pop
+end
+end
+%%EndResource
+%%EOF
+    }\endgroup
+  \expandafter\edef\csname cmapOT1\endcsname#1{%
+    \pdffontattr#1{/ToUnicode \the\pdflastobj\space 0 R}%
+  }%
+%
+% \cmapOT1IT
+  \begingroup
+    \catcode`\^^M=\active \def^^M{^^J}% Output line endings as the ^^J char.
+    \catcode`\%=12 \immediate\pdfobj stream {%!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-CMap
+%%DocumentNeededResources: ProcSet (CIDInit)
+%%IncludeResource: ProcSet (CIDInit)
+%%BeginResource: CMap (TeX-OT1IT-0)
+%%Title: (TeX-OT1IT-0 TeX OT1IT 0)
+%%Version: 1.000
+%%EndComments
+/CIDInit /ProcSet findresource begin
+12 dict begin
+begincmap
+/CIDSystemInfo
+<< /Registry (TeX)
+/Ordering (OT1IT)
+/Supplement 0
+>> def
+/CMapName /TeX-OT1IT-0 def
+/CMapType 2 def
+1 begincodespacerange
+<00> <7F>
+endcodespacerange
+8 beginbfrange
+<00> <01> <0393>
+<09> <0A> <03A8>
+<25> <26> <0025>
+<28> <3B> <0028>
+<3F> <5B> <003F>
+<5D> <5E> <005D>
+<61> <7A> <0061>
+<7B> <7C> <2013>
+endbfrange
+42 beginbfchar
+<02> <0398>
+<03> <039B>
+<04> <039E>
+<05> <03A0>
+<06> <03A3>
+<07> <03D2>
+<08> <03A6>
+<0B> <00660066>
+<0C> <00660069>
+<0D> <0066006C>
+<0E> <006600660069>
+<0F> <00660066006C>
+<10> <0131>
+<11> <0237>
+<12> <0060>
+<13> <00B4>
+<14> <02C7>
+<15> <02D8>
+<16> <00AF>
+<17> <02DA>
+<18> <00B8>
+<19> <00DF>
+<1A> <00E6>
+<1B> <0153>
+<1C> <00F8>
+<1D> <00C6>
+<1E> <0152>
+<1F> <00D8>
+<21> <0021>
+<22> <201D>
+<23> <0023>
+<24> <00A3>
+<27> <2019>
+<3C> <00A1>
+<3D> <003D>
+<3E> <00BF>
+<5C> <201C>
+<5F> <02D9>
+<60> <2018>
+<7D> <02DD>
+<7E> <007E>
+<7F> <00A8>
+endbfchar
+endcmap
+CMapName currentdict /CMap defineresource pop
+end
+end
+%%EndResource
+%%EOF
+    }\endgroup
+  \expandafter\edef\csname cmapOT1IT\endcsname#1{%
+    \pdffontattr#1{/ToUnicode \the\pdflastobj\space 0 R}%
+  }%
+%
+% \cmapOT1TT
+  \begingroup
+    \catcode`\^^M=\active \def^^M{^^J}% Output line endings as the ^^J char.
+    \catcode`\%=12 \immediate\pdfobj stream {%!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-CMap
+%%DocumentNeededResources: ProcSet (CIDInit)
+%%IncludeResource: ProcSet (CIDInit)
+%%BeginResource: CMap (TeX-OT1TT-0)
+%%Title: (TeX-OT1TT-0 TeX OT1TT 0)
+%%Version: 1.000
+%%EndComments
+/CIDInit /ProcSet findresource begin
+12 dict begin
+begincmap
+/CIDSystemInfo
+<< /Registry (TeX)
+/Ordering (OT1TT)
+/Supplement 0
+>> def
+/CMapName /TeX-OT1TT-0 def
+/CMapType 2 def
+1 begincodespacerange
+<00> <7F>
+endcodespacerange
+5 beginbfrange
+<00> <01> <0393>
+<09> <0A> <03A8>
+<21> <26> <0021>
+<28> <5F> <0028>
+<61> <7E> <0061>
+endbfrange
+32 beginbfchar
+<02> <0398>
+<03> <039B>
+<04> <039E>
+<05> <03A0>
+<06> <03A3>
+<07> <03D2>
+<08> <03A6>
+<0B> <2191>
+<0C> <2193>
+<0D> <0027>
+<0E> <00A1>
+<0F> <00BF>
+<10> <0131>
+<11> <0237>
+<12> <0060>
+<13> <00B4>
+<14> <02C7>
+<15> <02D8>
+<16> <00AF>
+<17> <02DA>
+<18> <00B8>
+<19> <00DF>
+<1A> <00E6>
+<1B> <0153>
+<1C> <00F8>
+<1D> <00C6>
+<1E> <0152>
+<1F> <00D8>
+<20> <2423>
+<27> <2019>
+<60> <2018>
+<7F> <00A8>
+endbfchar
+endcmap
+CMapName currentdict /CMap defineresource pop
+end
+end
+%%EndResource
+%%EOF
+    }\endgroup
+  \expandafter\edef\csname cmapOT1TT\endcsname#1{%
+    \pdffontattr#1{/ToUnicode \the\pdflastobj\space 0 R}%
+  }%
+\fi\fi
+
+
 % Set the font macro #1 to the font named #2, adding on the
 % specified font prefix (normally `cm').
-% #3 is the font's design size, #4 is a scale factor
-\def\setfont#1#2#3#4{\font#1=\fontprefix#2#3 scaled #4}
+% #3 is the font's design size, #4 is a scale factor, #5 is the CMap
+% encoding (currently only OT1, OT1IT and OT1TT are allowed, pass
+% empty to omit).
+\def\setfont#1#2#3#4#5{%
+  \font#1=\fontprefix#2#3 scaled #4
+  \csname cmap#5\endcsname#1%
+}
+% This is what gets called when #5 of \setfont is empty.
+\let\cmap\gobble
+% emacs-page end of cmaps
 
 % Use cm as the default font prefix.
 % To specify the font prefix, you must define \fontprefix
@@ -1226,110 +1979,293 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \def\scshape{csc}
 \def\scbshape{csc}
 
-\newcount\mainmagstep
-\ifx\bigger\relax
-  % not really supported.
-  \mainmagstep=\magstep1
-  \setfont\textrm\rmshape{12}{1000}
-  \setfont\texttt\ttshape{12}{1000}
-\else
-  \mainmagstep=\magstephalf
-  \setfont\textrm\rmshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
-  \setfont\texttt\ttshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
-\fi
-% Instead of cmb10, you may want to use cmbx10.
-% cmbx10 is a prettier font on its own, but cmb10
-% looks better when embedded in a line with cmr10
-% (in Bob's opinion).
-\setfont\textbf\bfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
-\setfont\textit\itshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
-\setfont\textsl\slshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
-\setfont\textsf\sfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
-\setfont\textsc\scshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
-\setfont\textttsl\ttslshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
+% Definitions for a main text size of 11pt.  This is the default in
+% Texinfo.
+% 
+\def\definetextfontsizexi{%
+% Text fonts (11.2pt, magstep1).
+\def\textnominalsize{11pt}
+\edef\mainmagstep{\magstephalf}
+\setfont\textrm\rmshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\texttt\ttshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\textbf\bfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\textit\itshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\textsl\slshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\textsf\sfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\textsc\scshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\textttsl\ttslshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1TT}
 \font\texti=cmmi10 scaled \mainmagstep
 \font\textsy=cmsy10 scaled \mainmagstep
+\def\textecsize{1095}
 
-% A few fonts for @defun, etc.
-\setfont\defbf\bxshape{10}{\magstep1} %was 1314
-\setfont\deftt\ttshape{10}{\magstep1}
-\def\df{\let\tentt=\deftt \let\tenbf = \defbf \bf}
+% A few fonts for @defun names and args.
+\setfont\defbf\bfshape{10}{\magstep1}{OT1}
+\setfont\deftt\ttshape{10}{\magstep1}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\defttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep1}{OT1TT}
+\def\df{\let\tentt=\deftt \let\tenbf = \defbf \let\tenttsl=\defttsl \bf}
 
 % Fonts for indices, footnotes, small examples (9pt).
-\setfont\smallrm\rmshape{9}{1000}
-\setfont\smalltt\ttshape{9}{1000}
-\setfont\smallbf\bfshape{10}{900}
-\setfont\smallit\itshape{9}{1000}
-\setfont\smallsl\slshape{9}{1000}
-\setfont\smallsf\sfshape{9}{1000}
-\setfont\smallsc\scshape{10}{900}
-\setfont\smallttsl\ttslshape{10}{900}
+\def\smallnominalsize{9pt}
+\setfont\smallrm\rmshape{9}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smalltt\ttshape{9}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\smallbf\bfshape{10}{900}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallit\itshape{9}{1000}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\smallsl\slshape{9}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallsf\sfshape{9}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallsc\scshape{10}{900}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallttsl\ttslshape{10}{900}{OT1TT}
 \font\smalli=cmmi9
 \font\smallsy=cmsy9
+\def\smallecsize{0900}
 
 % Fonts for small examples (8pt).
-\setfont\smallerrm\rmshape{8}{1000}
-\setfont\smallertt\ttshape{8}{1000}
-\setfont\smallerbf\bfshape{10}{800}
-\setfont\smallerit\itshape{8}{1000}
-\setfont\smallersl\slshape{8}{1000}
-\setfont\smallersf\sfshape{8}{1000}
-\setfont\smallersc\scshape{10}{800}
-\setfont\smallerttsl\ttslshape{10}{800}
+\def\smallernominalsize{8pt}
+\setfont\smallerrm\rmshape{8}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallertt\ttshape{8}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\smallerbf\bfshape{10}{800}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallerit\itshape{8}{1000}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\smallersl\slshape{8}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallersf\sfshape{8}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallersc\scshape{10}{800}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallerttsl\ttslshape{10}{800}{OT1TT}
 \font\smalleri=cmmi8
 \font\smallersy=cmsy8
-
-% Fonts for title page:
-\setfont\titlerm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep3}
-\setfont\titleit\itbshape{10}{\magstep4}
-\setfont\titlesl\slbshape{10}{\magstep4}
-\setfont\titlett\ttbshape{12}{\magstep3}
-\setfont\titlettsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep4}
-\setfont\titlesf\sfbshape{17}{\magstep1}
+\def\smallerecsize{0800}
+
+% Fonts for title page (20.4pt):
+\def\titlenominalsize{20pt}
+\setfont\titlerm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep3}{OT1}
+\setfont\titleit\itbshape{10}{\magstep4}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\titlesl\slbshape{10}{\magstep4}{OT1}
+\setfont\titlett\ttbshape{12}{\magstep3}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\titlettsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep4}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\titlesf\sfbshape{17}{\magstep1}{OT1}
 \let\titlebf=\titlerm
-\setfont\titlesc\scbshape{10}{\magstep4}
+\setfont\titlesc\scbshape{10}{\magstep4}{OT1}
 \font\titlei=cmmi12 scaled \magstep3
 \font\titlesy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep4
-\def\authorrm{\secrm}
-\def\authortt{\sectt}
+\def\titleecsize{2074}
 
 % Chapter (and unnumbered) fonts (17.28pt).
-\setfont\chaprm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep2}
-\setfont\chapit\itbshape{10}{\magstep3}
-\setfont\chapsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep3}
-\setfont\chaptt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep2}
-\setfont\chapttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep3}
-\setfont\chapsf\sfbshape{17}{1000}
+\def\chapnominalsize{17pt}
+\setfont\chaprm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep2}{OT1}
+\setfont\chapit\itbshape{10}{\magstep3}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\chapsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep3}{OT1}
+\setfont\chaptt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep2}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\chapttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep3}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\chapsf\sfbshape{17}{1000}{OT1}
 \let\chapbf=\chaprm
-\setfont\chapsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep3}
+\setfont\chapsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep3}{OT1}
 \font\chapi=cmmi12 scaled \magstep2
 \font\chapsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep3
+\def\chapecsize{1728}
 
 % Section fonts (14.4pt).
-\setfont\secrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep1}
-\setfont\secit\itbshape{10}{\magstep2}
-\setfont\secsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep2}
-\setfont\sectt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep1}
-\setfont\secttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep2}
-\setfont\secsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstep1}
+\def\secnominalsize{14pt}
+\setfont\secrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep1}{OT1}
+\setfont\secit\itbshape{10}{\magstep2}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\secsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep2}{OT1}
+\setfont\sectt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep1}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\secttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep2}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\secsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstep1}{OT1}
 \let\secbf\secrm
-\setfont\secsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep2}
+\setfont\secsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep2}{OT1}
 \font\seci=cmmi12 scaled \magstep1
 \font\secsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep2
+\def\sececsize{1440}
 
 % Subsection fonts (13.15pt).
-\setfont\ssecrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstephalf}
-\setfont\ssecit\itbshape{10}{1315}
-\setfont\ssecsl\slbshape{10}{1315}
-\setfont\ssectt\ttbshape{12}{\magstephalf}
-\setfont\ssecttsl\ttslshape{10}{1315}
-\setfont\ssecsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstephalf}
+\def\ssecnominalsize{13pt}
+\setfont\ssecrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstephalf}{OT1}
+\setfont\ssecit\itbshape{10}{1315}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\ssecsl\slbshape{10}{1315}{OT1}
+\setfont\ssectt\ttbshape{12}{\magstephalf}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\ssecttsl\ttslshape{10}{1315}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\ssecsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstephalf}{OT1}
 \let\ssecbf\ssecrm
-\setfont\ssecsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep1}
+\setfont\ssecsc\scbshape{10}{1315}{OT1}
 \font\sseci=cmmi12 scaled \magstephalf
 \font\ssecsy=cmsy10 scaled 1315
-% The smallcaps and symbol fonts should actually be scaled \magstep1.5,
-% but that is not a standard magnification.
+\def\ssececsize{1200}
+
+% Reduced fonts for @acro in text (10pt).
+\def\reducednominalsize{10pt}
+\setfont\reducedrm\rmshape{10}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedtt\ttshape{10}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\reducedbf\bfshape{10}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedit\itshape{10}{1000}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\reducedsl\slshape{10}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedsf\sfshape{10}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedsc\scshape{10}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedttsl\ttslshape{10}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\font\reducedi=cmmi10
+\font\reducedsy=cmsy10
+\def\reducedecsize{1000}
+
+% reset the current fonts
+\textfonts
+\rm
+} % end of 11pt text font size definitions
+
+
+% Definitions to make the main text be 10pt Computer Modern, with
+% section, chapter, etc., sizes following suit.  This is for the GNU
+% Press printing of the Emacs 22 manual.  Maybe other manuals in the
+% future.  Used with @smallbook, which sets the leading to 12pt.
+% 
+\def\definetextfontsizex{%
+% Text fonts (10pt).
+\def\textnominalsize{10pt}
+\edef\mainmagstep{1000}
+\setfont\textrm\rmshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\texttt\ttshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\textbf\bfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\textit\itshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\textsl\slshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\textsf\sfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\textsc\scshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1}
+\setfont\textttsl\ttslshape{10}{\mainmagstep}{OT1TT}
+\font\texti=cmmi10 scaled \mainmagstep
+\font\textsy=cmsy10 scaled \mainmagstep
+\def\textecsize{1000}
+
+% A few fonts for @defun names and args.
+\setfont\defbf\bfshape{10}{\magstephalf}{OT1}
+\setfont\deftt\ttshape{10}{\magstephalf}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\defttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstephalf}{OT1TT}
+\def\df{\let\tentt=\deftt \let\tenbf = \defbf \let\tenttsl=\defttsl \bf}
+
+% Fonts for indices, footnotes, small examples (9pt).
+\def\smallnominalsize{9pt}
+\setfont\smallrm\rmshape{9}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smalltt\ttshape{9}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\smallbf\bfshape{10}{900}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallit\itshape{9}{1000}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\smallsl\slshape{9}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallsf\sfshape{9}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallsc\scshape{10}{900}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallttsl\ttslshape{10}{900}{OT1TT}
+\font\smalli=cmmi9
+\font\smallsy=cmsy9
+\def\smallecsize{0900}
+
+% Fonts for small examples (8pt).
+\def\smallernominalsize{8pt}
+\setfont\smallerrm\rmshape{8}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallertt\ttshape{8}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\smallerbf\bfshape{10}{800}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallerit\itshape{8}{1000}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\smallersl\slshape{8}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallersf\sfshape{8}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallersc\scshape{10}{800}{OT1}
+\setfont\smallerttsl\ttslshape{10}{800}{OT1TT}
+\font\smalleri=cmmi8
+\font\smallersy=cmsy8
+\def\smallerecsize{0800}
+
+% Fonts for title page (20.4pt):
+\def\titlenominalsize{20pt}
+\setfont\titlerm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep3}{OT1}
+\setfont\titleit\itbshape{10}{\magstep4}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\titlesl\slbshape{10}{\magstep4}{OT1}
+\setfont\titlett\ttbshape{12}{\magstep3}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\titlettsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep4}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\titlesf\sfbshape{17}{\magstep1}{OT1}
+\let\titlebf=\titlerm
+\setfont\titlesc\scbshape{10}{\magstep4}{OT1}
+\font\titlei=cmmi12 scaled \magstep3
+\font\titlesy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep4
+\def\titleecsize{2074}
+
+% Chapter fonts (14.4pt).
+\def\chapnominalsize{14pt}
+\setfont\chaprm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep1}{OT1}
+\setfont\chapit\itbshape{10}{\magstep2}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\chapsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep2}{OT1}
+\setfont\chaptt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep1}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\chapttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep2}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\chapsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstep1}{OT1}
+\let\chapbf\chaprm
+\setfont\chapsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep2}{OT1}
+\font\chapi=cmmi12 scaled \magstep1
+\font\chapsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep2
+\def\chapecsize{1440}
+
+% Section fonts (12pt).
+\def\secnominalsize{12pt}
+\setfont\secrm\rmbshape{12}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\secit\itbshape{10}{\magstep1}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\secsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep1}{OT1}
+\setfont\sectt\ttbshape{12}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\secttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep1}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\secsf\sfbshape{12}{1000}{OT1}
+\let\secbf\secrm
+\setfont\secsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep1}{OT1}
+\font\seci=cmmi12 
+\font\secsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep1
+\def\sececsize{1200}
+
+% Subsection fonts (10pt).
+\def\ssecnominalsize{10pt}
+\setfont\ssecrm\rmbshape{10}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\ssecit\itbshape{10}{1000}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\ssecsl\slbshape{10}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\ssectt\ttbshape{10}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\ssecttsl\ttslshape{10}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\ssecsf\sfbshape{10}{1000}{OT1}
+\let\ssecbf\ssecrm
+\setfont\ssecsc\scbshape{10}{1000}{OT1}
+\font\sseci=cmmi10
+\font\ssecsy=cmsy10
+\def\ssececsize{1000}
+
+% Reduced fonts for @acro in text (9pt).
+\def\reducednominalsize{9pt}
+\setfont\reducedrm\rmshape{9}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedtt\ttshape{9}{1000}{OT1TT}
+\setfont\reducedbf\bfshape{10}{900}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedit\itshape{9}{1000}{OT1IT}
+\setfont\reducedsl\slshape{9}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedsf\sfshape{9}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedsc\scshape{10}{900}{OT1}
+\setfont\reducedttsl\ttslshape{10}{900}{OT1TT}
+\font\reducedi=cmmi9
+\font\reducedsy=cmsy9
+\def\reducedecsize{0900}
+
+% reduce space between paragraphs
+\divide\parskip by 2
+
+% reset the current fonts
+\textfonts
+\rm
+} % end of 10pt text font size definitions
+
+
+% We provide the user-level command
+%   @fonttextsize 10
+% (or 11) to redefine the text font size.  pt is assumed.
+% 
+\def\xword{10}
+\def\xiword{11}
+%
+\parseargdef\fonttextsize{%
+  \def\textsizearg{#1}%
+  \wlog{doing @fonttextsize \textsizearg}%
+  %
+  % Set \globaldefs so that documents can use this inside @tex, since
+  % makeinfo 4.8 does not support it, but we need it nonetheless.
+  % 
+ \begingroup \globaldefs=1
+  \ifx\textsizearg\xword \definetextfontsizex
+  \else \ifx\textsizearg\xiword \definetextfontsizexi
+  \else
+    \errhelp=\EMsimple
+    \errmessage{@fonttextsize only supports `10' or `11', not `\textsizearg'}
+  \fi\fi
+ \endgroup
+}
+
 
 % In order for the font changes to affect most math symbols and letters,
 % we have to define the \textfont of the standard families.  Since
@@ -1344,106 +2280,264 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 }
 
 % The font-changing commands redefine the meanings of \tenSTYLE, instead
-% of just \STYLE.  We do this so that font changes will continue to work
-% in math mode, where it is the current \fam that is relevant in most
-% cases, not the current font.  Plain TeX does \def\bf{\fam=\bffam
-% \tenbf}, for example.  By redefining \tenbf, we obviate the need to
-% redefine \bf itself.
+% of just \STYLE.  We do this because \STYLE needs to also set the
+% current \fam for math mode.  Our \STYLE (e.g., \rm) commands hardwire
+% \tenSTYLE to set the current font.
+%
+% Each font-changing command also sets the names \lsize (one size lower)
+% and \lllsize (three sizes lower).  These relative commands are used in
+% the LaTeX logo and acronyms.
+%
+% This all needs generalizing, badly.
+%
 \def\textfonts{%
   \let\tenrm=\textrm \let\tenit=\textit \let\tensl=\textsl
   \let\tenbf=\textbf \let\tentt=\texttt \let\smallcaps=\textsc
-  \let\tensf=\textsf \let\teni=\texti \let\tensy=\textsy \let\tenttsl=\textttsl
+  \let\tensf=\textsf \let\teni=\texti \let\tensy=\textsy
+  \let\tenttsl=\textttsl
+  \def\curfontsize{text}%
+  \def\lsize{reduced}\def\lllsize{smaller}%
   \resetmathfonts \setleading{\textleading}}
 \def\titlefonts{%
   \let\tenrm=\titlerm \let\tenit=\titleit \let\tensl=\titlesl
   \let\tenbf=\titlebf \let\tentt=\titlett \let\smallcaps=\titlesc
   \let\tensf=\titlesf \let\teni=\titlei \let\tensy=\titlesy
   \let\tenttsl=\titlettsl
+  \def\curfontsize{title}%
+  \def\lsize{chap}\def\lllsize{subsec}%
   \resetmathfonts \setleading{25pt}}
-\def\titlefont#1{{\titlefonts\rm #1}}
+\def\titlefont#1{{\titlefonts\rmisbold #1}}
 \def\chapfonts{%
   \let\tenrm=\chaprm \let\tenit=\chapit \let\tensl=\chapsl
   \let\tenbf=\chapbf \let\tentt=\chaptt \let\smallcaps=\chapsc
-  \let\tensf=\chapsf \let\teni=\chapi \let\tensy=\chapsy \let\tenttsl=\chapttsl
+  \let\tensf=\chapsf \let\teni=\chapi \let\tensy=\chapsy
+  \let\tenttsl=\chapttsl
+  \def\curfontsize{chap}%
+  \def\lsize{sec}\def\lllsize{text}%
   \resetmathfonts \setleading{19pt}}
 \def\secfonts{%
   \let\tenrm=\secrm \let\tenit=\secit \let\tensl=\secsl
   \let\tenbf=\secbf \let\tentt=\sectt \let\smallcaps=\secsc
-  \let\tensf=\secsf \let\teni=\seci \let\tensy=\secsy \let\tenttsl=\secttsl
+  \let\tensf=\secsf \let\teni=\seci \let\tensy=\secsy
+  \let\tenttsl=\secttsl
+  \def\curfontsize{sec}%
+  \def\lsize{subsec}\def\lllsize{reduced}%
   \resetmathfonts \setleading{16pt}}
 \def\subsecfonts{%
   \let\tenrm=\ssecrm \let\tenit=\ssecit \let\tensl=\ssecsl
   \let\tenbf=\ssecbf \let\tentt=\ssectt \let\smallcaps=\ssecsc
-  \let\tensf=\ssecsf \let\teni=\sseci \let\tensy=\ssecsy \let\tenttsl=\ssecttsl
+  \let\tensf=\ssecsf \let\teni=\sseci \let\tensy=\ssecsy
+  \let\tenttsl=\ssecttsl
+  \def\curfontsize{ssec}%
+  \def\lsize{text}\def\lllsize{small}%
   \resetmathfonts \setleading{15pt}}
-\let\subsubsecfonts = \subsecfonts % Maybe make sssec fonts scaled magstephalf?
+\let\subsubsecfonts = \subsecfonts
+\def\reducedfonts{%
+  \let\tenrm=\reducedrm \let\tenit=\reducedit \let\tensl=\reducedsl
+  \let\tenbf=\reducedbf \let\tentt=\reducedtt \let\reducedcaps=\reducedsc
+  \let\tensf=\reducedsf \let\teni=\reducedi \let\tensy=\reducedsy
+  \let\tenttsl=\reducedttsl
+  \def\curfontsize{reduced}%
+  \def\lsize{small}\def\lllsize{smaller}%
+  \resetmathfonts \setleading{10.5pt}}
 \def\smallfonts{%
   \let\tenrm=\smallrm \let\tenit=\smallit \let\tensl=\smallsl
   \let\tenbf=\smallbf \let\tentt=\smalltt \let\smallcaps=\smallsc
   \let\tensf=\smallsf \let\teni=\smalli \let\tensy=\smallsy
   \let\tenttsl=\smallttsl
+  \def\curfontsize{small}%
+  \def\lsize{smaller}\def\lllsize{smaller}%
   \resetmathfonts \setleading{10.5pt}}
 \def\smallerfonts{%
   \let\tenrm=\smallerrm \let\tenit=\smallerit \let\tensl=\smallersl
   \let\tenbf=\smallerbf \let\tentt=\smallertt \let\smallcaps=\smallersc
   \let\tensf=\smallersf \let\teni=\smalleri \let\tensy=\smallersy
   \let\tenttsl=\smallerttsl
+  \def\curfontsize{smaller}%
+  \def\lsize{smaller}\def\lllsize{smaller}%
   \resetmathfonts \setleading{9.5pt}}
 
+% Fonts for short table of contents.
+\setfont\shortcontrm\rmshape{12}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\shortcontbf\bfshape{10}{\magstep1}{OT1}  % no cmb12
+\setfont\shortcontsl\slshape{12}{1000}{OT1}
+\setfont\shortconttt\ttshape{12}{1000}{OT1TT}
+
+% Define these just so they can be easily changed for other fonts.
+\def\angleleft{$\langle$}
+\def\angleright{$\rangle$}
+
 % Set the fonts to use with the @small... environments.
 \let\smallexamplefonts = \smallfonts
 
 % About \smallexamplefonts.  If we use \smallfonts (9pt), @smallexample
 % can fit this many characters:
 %   8.5x11=86   smallbook=72  a4=90  a5=69
-% If we use \smallerfonts (8pt), then we can fit this many characters:
+% If we use \scriptfonts (8pt), then we can fit this many characters:
 %   8.5x11=90+  smallbook=80  a4=90+  a5=77
 % For me, subjectively, the few extra characters that fit aren't worth
 % the additional smallness of 8pt.  So I'm making the default 9pt.
-% 
+%
 % By the way, for comparison, here's what fits with @example (10pt):
 %   8.5x11=71  smallbook=60  a4=75  a5=58
-% 
-% I wish we used A4 paper on this side of the Atlantic.
-% 
 % --karl, 24jan03.
 
-
 % Set up the default fonts, so we can use them for creating boxes.
 %
-\textfonts
+\definetextfontsizexi
 
-% Define these so they can be easily changed for other fonts.
-\def\angleleft{$\langle$}
-\def\angleright{$\rangle$}
+
+\message{markup,}
+
+% Check if we are currently using a typewriter font.  Since all the
+% Computer Modern typewriter fonts have zero interword stretch (and
+% shrink), and it is reasonable to expect all typewriter fonts to have
+% this property, we can check that font parameter.
+%
+\def\ifmonospace{\ifdim\fontdimen3\font=0pt }
+
+% Markup style infrastructure.  \defmarkupstylesetup\INITMACRO will
+% define and register \INITMACRO to be called on markup style changes.
+% \INITMACRO can check \currentmarkupstyle for the innermost
+% style and the set of \ifmarkupSTYLE switches for all styles
+% currently in effect.
+\newif\ifmarkupvar
+\newif\ifmarkupsamp
+\newif\ifmarkupkey
+%\newif\ifmarkupfile % @file == @samp.
+%\newif\ifmarkupoption % @option == @samp.
+\newif\ifmarkupcode
+\newif\ifmarkupkbd
+%\newif\ifmarkupenv % @env == @code.
+%\newif\ifmarkupcommand % @command == @code.
+\newif\ifmarkuptex % @tex (and part of @math, for now).
+\newif\ifmarkupexample
+\newif\ifmarkupverb
+\newif\ifmarkupverbatim
+
+\let\currentmarkupstyle\empty
+
+\def\setupmarkupstyle#1{%
+  \csname markup#1true\endcsname
+  \def\currentmarkupstyle{#1}%
+  \markupstylesetup
+}
+
+\let\markupstylesetup\empty
+
+\def\defmarkupstylesetup#1{%
+  \expandafter\def\expandafter\markupstylesetup
+    \expandafter{\markupstylesetup #1}%
+  \def#1%
+}
+
+% Markup style setup for left and right quotes.
+\defmarkupstylesetup\markupsetuplq{%
+  \expandafter\let\expandafter \temp \csname markupsetuplq\currentmarkupstyle\endcsname
+  \ifx\temp\relax \markupsetuplqdefault \else \temp \fi
+}
+
+\defmarkupstylesetup\markupsetuprq{%
+  \expandafter\let\expandafter \temp \csname markupsetuprq\currentmarkupstyle\endcsname
+  \ifx\temp\relax \markupsetuprqdefault \else \temp \fi
+}
+
+{
+\catcode`\'=\active
+\catcode`\`=\active
+
+\gdef\markupsetuplqdefault{\let`\lq}
+\gdef\markupsetuprqdefault{\let'\rq}
+
+\gdef\markupsetcodequoteleft{\let`\codequoteleft}
+\gdef\markupsetcodequoteright{\let'\codequoteright}
+
+\gdef\markupsetnoligaturesquoteleft{\let`\noligaturesquoteleft}
+}
+
+\let\markupsetuplqcode \markupsetcodequoteleft
+\let\markupsetuprqcode \markupsetcodequoteright
+\let\markupsetuplqexample \markupsetcodequoteleft
+\let\markupsetuprqexample \markupsetcodequoteright
+\let\markupsetuplqverb \markupsetcodequoteleft
+\let\markupsetuprqverb \markupsetcodequoteright
+\let\markupsetuplqverbatim \markupsetcodequoteleft
+\let\markupsetuprqverbatim \markupsetcodequoteright
+
+\let\markupsetuplqsamp \markupsetnoligaturesquoteleft
+\let\markupsetuplqkbd \markupsetnoligaturesquoteleft
+
+% Allow an option to not replace quotes with a regular directed right
+% quote/apostrophe (char 0x27), but instead use the undirected quote
+% from cmtt (char 0x0d).  The undirected quote is ugly, so don't make it
+% the default, but it works for pasting with more pdf viewers (at least
+% evince), the lilypond developers report.  xpdf does work with the
+% regular 0x27.  
+% 
+\def\codequoteright{%
+  \expandafter\ifx\csname SETtxicodequoteundirected\endcsname\relax
+    \expandafter\ifx\csname SETcodequoteundirected\endcsname\relax
+      '%
+    \else \char'15 \fi
+  \else \char'15 \fi
+}
+%
+% and a similar option for the left quote char vs. a grave accent.
+% Modern fonts display ASCII 0x60 as a grave accent, so some people like
+% the code environments to do likewise.
+% 
+\def\codequoteleft{%
+  \expandafter\ifx\csname SETtxicodequotebacktick\endcsname\relax
+    \expandafter\ifx\csname SETcodequotebacktick\endcsname\relax
+      % [Knuth] pp. 380,381,391
+      % \relax disables Spanish ligatures ?` and !` of \tt font.
+      \relax`%
+    \else \char'22 \fi
+  \else \char'22 \fi
+}
+
+% [Knuth] pp. 380,381,391, disable Spanish ligatures ?` and !` of \tt font.
+\def\noligaturesquoteleft{\relax\lq}
 
 % Count depth in font-changes, for error checks
 \newcount\fontdepth \fontdepth=0
 
-% Fonts for short table of contents.
-\setfont\shortcontrm\rmshape{12}{1000}
-\setfont\shortcontbf\bxshape{12}{1000}
-\setfont\shortcontsl\slshape{12}{1000}
-\setfont\shortconttt\ttshape{12}{1000}
-
 %% Add scribe-like font environments, plus @l for inline lisp (usually sans
 %% serif) and @ii for TeX italic
 
 % \smartitalic{ARG} outputs arg in italics, followed by an italic correction
 % unless the following character is such as not to need one.
-\def\smartitalicx{\ifx\next,\else\ifx\next-\else\ifx\next.\else\/\fi\fi\fi}
+\def\smartitalicx{\ifx\next,\else\ifx\next-\else\ifx\next.\else
+                    \ptexslash\fi\fi\fi}
 \def\smartslanted#1{{\ifusingtt\ttsl\sl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
 \def\smartitalic#1{{\ifusingtt\ttsl\it #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
 
+% like \smartslanted except unconditionally uses \ttsl.
+% @var is set to this for defun arguments.
+\def\ttslanted#1{{\ttsl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
+
+% @cite is like \smartslanted except unconditionally use \sl.  We never want
+% ttsl for book titles, do we?
+\def\cite#1{{\sl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
+
 \let\i=\smartitalic
-\let\var=\smartslanted
+\let\slanted=\smartslanted
+\def\var#1{{\setupmarkupstyle{var}\smartslanted{#1}}}
 \let\dfn=\smartslanted
 \let\emph=\smartitalic
-\let\cite=\smartslanted
 
+% Explicit font changes: @r, @sc, undocumented @ii.
+\def\r#1{{\rm #1}}              % roman font
+\def\sc#1{{\smallcaps#1}}       % smallcaps font
+\def\ii#1{{\it #1}}             % italic font
+
+% @b, explicit bold.  Also @strong.
 \def\b#1{{\bf #1}}
 \let\strong=\b
 
+% @sansserif, explicit sans.
+\def\sansserif#1{{\sf #1}}
+
 % We can't just use \exhyphenpenalty, because that only has effect at
 % the end of a paragraph.  Restore normal hyphenation at the end of the
 % group within which \nohyphenation is presumably called.
@@ -1454,30 +2548,50 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % Set sfcode to normal for the chars that usually have another value.
 % Can't use plain's \frenchspacing because it uses the `\x notation, and
 % sometimes \x has an active definition that messes things up.
-% 
+%
 \catcode`@=11
-  \def\frenchspacing{%
+  \def\plainfrenchspacing{%
     \sfcode\dotChar  =\@m \sfcode\questChar=\@m \sfcode\exclamChar=\@m
     \sfcode\colonChar=\@m \sfcode\semiChar =\@m \sfcode\commaChar =\@m
+    \def\endofsentencespacefactor{1000}% for @. and friends
+  }
+  \def\plainnonfrenchspacing{%
+    \sfcode`\.3000\sfcode`\?3000\sfcode`\!3000
+    \sfcode`\:2000\sfcode`\;1500\sfcode`\,1250
+    \def\endofsentencespacefactor{3000}% for @. and friends
   }
 \catcode`@=\other
+\def\endofsentencespacefactor{3000}% default
 
+% @t, explicit typewriter.
 \def\t#1{%
-  {\tt \rawbackslash \frenchspacing #1}%
+  {\tt \rawbackslash \plainfrenchspacing #1}%
   \null
 }
-\let\ttfont=\t
-\def\samp#1{`\tclose{#1}'\null}
-\setfont\keyrm\rmshape{8}{1000}
-\font\keysy=cmsy9
-\def\key#1{{\keyrm\textfont2=\keysy \leavevmode\hbox{%
-  \raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleleft}\kern-.08em\vtop{%
-    \vbox{\hrule\kern-0.4pt
-     \hbox{\raise0.4pt\hbox{\vphantom{\angleleft}}#1}}%
-    \kern-0.4pt\hrule}%
-  \kern-.06em\raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleright}}}}
-% The old definition, with no lozenge:
-%\def\key #1{{\ttsl \nohyphenation \uppercase{#1}}\null}
+
+% @samp.
+\def\samp#1{{\setupmarkupstyle{samp}\lq\tclose{#1}\rq\null}}
+
+% definition of @key that produces a lozenge.  Doesn't adjust to text size.
+%\setfont\keyrm\rmshape{8}{1000}{OT1}
+%\font\keysy=cmsy9
+%\def\key#1{{\keyrm\textfont2=\keysy \leavevmode\hbox{%
+%  \raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleleft}\kern-.08em\vtop{%
+%    \vbox{\hrule\kern-0.4pt
+%     \hbox{\raise0.4pt\hbox{\vphantom{\angleleft}}#1}}%
+%    \kern-0.4pt\hrule}%
+%  \kern-.06em\raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleright}}}}
+
+% definition of @key with no lozenge.  If the current font is already
+% monospace, don't change it; that way, we respect @kbdinputstyle.  But
+% if it isn't monospace, then use \tt.
+%
+\def\key#1{{\setupmarkupstyle{key}%
+  \nohyphenation
+  \ifmonospace\else\tt\fi
+  #1}\null}
+
+% ctrl is no longer a Texinfo command.
 \def\ctrl #1{{\tt \rawbackslash \hat}#1}
 
 % @file, @option are the same as @samp.
@@ -1501,13 +2615,13 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
     \nohyphenation
     %
     \rawbackslash
-    \frenchspacing
+    \plainfrenchspacing
     #1%
   }%
   \null
 }
 
-% We *must* turn on hyphenation at `-' and `_' in \code.
+% We *must* turn on hyphenation at `-' and `_' in @code.
 % Otherwise, it is too hard to avoid overfull hboxes
 % in the Emacs manual, the Library manual, etc.
 
@@ -1517,18 +2631,23 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % and arrange explicitly to hyphenate at a dash.
 %  -- rms.
 {
-  \catcode`\-=\active
-  \catcode`\_=\active
+  \catcode`\-=\active \catcode`\_=\active
+  \catcode`\'=\active \catcode`\`=\active
+  \global\let'=\rq \global\let`=\lq  % default definitions
   %
   \global\def\code{\begingroup
-    \catcode`\-=\active \let-\codedash
-    \catcode`\_=\active \let_\codeunder
+    \setupmarkupstyle{code}%
+    % The following should really be moved into \setupmarkupstyle handlers.
+    \catcode\dashChar=\active  \catcode\underChar=\active
+    \ifallowcodebreaks
+     \let-\codedash
+     \let_\codeunder
+    \else
+     \let-\realdash
+     \let_\realunder
+    \fi
     \codex
   }
-  %
-  % If we end up with any active - characters when handling the index,
-  % just treat them as a normal -.
-  \global\def\indexbreaks{\catcode`\-=\active \let-\realdash}
 }
 
 \def\realdash{-}
@@ -1546,44 +2665,73 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 }
 \def\codex #1{\tclose{#1}\endgroup}
 
+% An additional complication: the above will allow breaks after, e.g.,
+% each of the four underscores in __typeof__.  This is undesirable in
+% some manuals, especially if they don't have long identifiers in
+% general.  @allowcodebreaks provides a way to control this.
+% 
+\newif\ifallowcodebreaks  \allowcodebreakstrue
+
+\def\keywordtrue{true}
+\def\keywordfalse{false}
+
+\parseargdef\allowcodebreaks{%
+  \def\txiarg{#1}%
+  \ifx\txiarg\keywordtrue
+    \allowcodebreakstrue
+  \else\ifx\txiarg\keywordfalse
+    \allowcodebreaksfalse
+  \else
+    \errhelp = \EMsimple
+    \errmessage{Unknown @allowcodebreaks option `\txiarg'}%
+  \fi\fi
+}
+
 % @kbd is like @code, except that if the argument is just one @key command,
 % then @kbd has no effect.
+\def\kbd#1{{\setupmarkupstyle{kbd}\def\look{#1}\expandafter\kbdfoo\look??\par}}
 
 % @kbdinputstyle -- arg is `distinct' (@kbd uses slanted tty font always),
 %   `example' (@kbd uses ttsl only inside of @example and friends),
 %   or `code' (@kbd uses normal tty font always).
-\def\kbdinputstyle{\parsearg\kbdinputstylexxx}
-\def\kbdinputstylexxx#1{%
-  \def\arg{#1}%
-  \ifx\arg\worddistinct
+\parseargdef\kbdinputstyle{%
+  \def\txiarg{#1}%
+  \ifx\txiarg\worddistinct
     \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\ttsl}%
-  \else\ifx\arg\wordexample
+  \else\ifx\txiarg\wordexample
     \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}%
-  \else\ifx\arg\wordcode
+  \else\ifx\txiarg\wordcode
     \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\tt}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}%
   \else
     \errhelp = \EMsimple
-    \errmessage{Unknown @kbdinputstyle `\arg'}%
+    \errmessage{Unknown @kbdinputstyle option `\txiarg'}%
   \fi\fi\fi
 }
 \def\worddistinct{distinct}
 \def\wordexample{example}
 \def\wordcode{code}
 
-% Default is `distinct.'
+% Default is `distinct'.
 \kbdinputstyle distinct
 
 \def\xkey{\key}
 \def\kbdfoo#1#2#3\par{\def\one{#1}\def\three{#3}\def\threex{??}%
 \ifx\one\xkey\ifx\threex\three \key{#2}%
-\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\look}}\fi
-\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\look}}\fi}
+\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\setupmarkupstyle{kbd}\look}}\fi
+\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\setupmarkupstyle{kbd}\look}}\fi}
 
-% For @url, @env, @command quotes seem unnecessary, so use \code.
-\let\url=\code
+% For @indicateurl, @env, @command quotes seem unnecessary, so use \code.
+\let\indicateurl=\code
 \let\env=\code
 \let\command=\code
 
+% @clicksequence{File @click{} Open ...}
+\def\clicksequence#1{\begingroup #1\endgroup}
+
+% @clickstyle @arrow   (by default)
+\parseargdef\clickstyle{\def\click{#1}}
+\def\click{\arrow}
+
 % @uref (abbreviation for `urlref') takes an optional (comma-separated)
 % second argument specifying the text to display and an optional third
 % arg as text to display instead of (rather than in addition to) the url
@@ -1612,9 +2760,13 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \endlink
 \endgroup}
 
+% @url synonym for @uref, since that's how everyone uses it.
+%
+\let\url=\uref
+
 % rms does not like angle brackets --karl, 17may97.
 % So now @email is just like @uref, unless we are pdf.
-% 
+%
 %\def\email#1{\angleleft{\tt #1}\angleright}
 \ifpdf
   \def\email#1{\doemail#1,,\finish}
@@ -1629,36 +2781,215 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \let\email=\uref
 \fi
 
-% Check if we are currently using a typewriter font.  Since all the
-% Computer Modern typewriter fonts have zero interword stretch (and
-% shrink), and it is reasonable to expect all typewriter fonts to have
-% this property, we can check that font parameter.
-%
-\def\ifmonospace{\ifdim\fontdimen3\font=0pt }
-
 % Typeset a dimension, e.g., `in' or `pt'.  The only reason for the
 % argument is to make the input look right: @dmn{pt} instead of @dmn{}pt.
 %
 \def\dmn#1{\thinspace #1}
 
-\def\kbd#1{\def\look{#1}\expandafter\kbdfoo\look??\par}
-
 % @l was never documented to mean ``switch to the Lisp font'',
 % and it is not used as such in any manual I can find.  We need it for
 % Polish suppressed-l.  --karl, 22sep96.
 %\def\l#1{{\li #1}\null}
 
-% Explicit font changes: @r, @sc, undocumented @ii.
-\def\r#1{{\rm #1}}              % roman font
-\def\sc#1{{\smallcaps#1}}       % smallcaps font
-\def\ii#1{{\it #1}}             % italic font
+% @acronym for "FBI", "NATO", and the like.
+% We print this one point size smaller, since it's intended for
+% all-uppercase.
+% 
+\def\acronym#1{\doacronym #1,,\finish}
+\def\doacronym#1,#2,#3\finish{%
+  {\selectfonts\lsize #1}%
+  \def\temp{#2}%
+  \ifx\temp\empty \else
+    \space ({\unsepspaces \ignorespaces \temp \unskip})%
+  \fi
+}
+
+% @abbr for "Comput. J." and the like.
+% No font change, but don't do end-of-sentence spacing.
+% 
+\def\abbr#1{\doabbr #1,,\finish}
+\def\doabbr#1,#2,#3\finish{%
+  {\plainfrenchspacing #1}%
+  \def\temp{#2}%
+  \ifx\temp\empty \else
+    \space ({\unsepspaces \ignorespaces \temp \unskip})%
+  \fi
+}
 
-% @acronym downcases the argument and prints in smallcaps.
-\def\acronym#1{{\smallcaps \lowercase{#1}}}
 
-% @pounds{} is a sterling sign.
+\message{glyphs,}
+
+% @point{}, @result{}, @expansion{}, @print{}, @equiv{}.
+%
+% Since these characters are used in examples, they should be an even number of
+% \tt widths. Each \tt character is 1en, so two makes it 1em.
+%
+\def\point{$\star$}
+\def\arrow{\leavevmode\raise.05ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\rightarrow$\hfil}}
+\def\result{\leavevmode\raise.05ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\Rightarrow$\hfil}}
+\def\expansion{\leavevmode\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\mapsto$\hfil}}
+\def\print{\leavevmode\lower.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\dashv$\hfil}}
+\def\equiv{\leavevmode\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\ptexequiv$\hfil}}
+
+% The @error{} command.
+% Adapted from the TeXbook's \boxit.
+%
+\newbox\errorbox
+%
+{\tentt \global\dimen0 = 3em}% Width of the box.
+\dimen2 = .55pt % Thickness of rules
+% The text. (`r' is open on the right, `e' somewhat less so on the left.)
+\setbox0 = \hbox{\kern-.75pt \reducedsf error\kern-1.5pt}
+%
+\setbox\errorbox=\hbox to \dimen0{\hfil
+   \hsize = \dimen0 \advance\hsize by -5.8pt % Space to left+right.
+   \advance\hsize by -2\dimen2 % Rules.
+   \vbox{%
+      \hrule height\dimen2
+      \hbox{\vrule width\dimen2 \kern3pt          % Space to left of text.
+         \vtop{\kern2.4pt \box0 \kern2.4pt}% Space above/below.
+         \kern3pt\vrule width\dimen2}% Space to right.
+      \hrule height\dimen2}
+    \hfil}
+%
+\def\error{\leavevmode\lower.7ex\copy\errorbox}
+
+% @pounds{} is a sterling sign, which Knuth put in the CM italic font.
+%
 \def\pounds{{\it\$}}
 
+% @euro{} comes from a separate font, depending on the current style.
+% We use the free feym* fonts from the eurosym package by Henrik
+% Theiling, which support regular, slanted, bold and bold slanted (and
+% "outlined" (blackboard board, sort of) versions, which we don't need).
+% It is available from http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/eurosym.
+% 
+% Although only regular is the truly official Euro symbol, we ignore
+% that.  The Euro is designed to be slightly taller than the regular
+% font height.
+% 
+% feymr - regular
+% feymo - slanted
+% feybr - bold
+% feybo - bold slanted
+% 
+% There is no good (free) typewriter version, to my knowledge.
+% A feymr10 euro is ~7.3pt wide, while a normal cmtt10 char is ~5.25pt wide.
+% Hmm.
+% 
+% Also doesn't work in math.  Do we need to do math with euro symbols?
+% Hope not.
+% 
+% 
+\def\euro{{\eurofont e}}
+\def\eurofont{%
+  % We set the font at each command, rather than predefining it in
+  % \textfonts and the other font-switching commands, so that
+  % installations which never need the symbol don't have to have the
+  % font installed.
+  % 
+  % There is only one designed size (nominal 10pt), so we always scale
+  % that to the current nominal size.
+  % 
+  % By the way, simply using "at 1em" works for cmr10 and the like, but
+  % does not work for cmbx10 and other extended/shrunken fonts.
+  % 
+  \def\eurosize{\csname\curfontsize nominalsize\endcsname}%
+  %
+  \ifx\curfontstyle\bfstylename 
+    % bold:
+    \font\thiseurofont = \ifusingit{feybo10}{feybr10} at \eurosize
+  \else 
+    % regular:
+    \font\thiseurofont = \ifusingit{feymo10}{feymr10} at \eurosize
+  \fi
+  \thiseurofont
+}
+
+% Hacks for glyphs from the EC fonts similar to \euro.  We don't
+% use \let for the aliases, because sometimes we redefine the original
+% macro, and the alias should reflect the redefinition.
+\def\guillemetleft{{\ecfont \char"13}}
+\def\guillemotleft{\guillemetleft}
+\def\guillemetright{{\ecfont \char"14}}
+\def\guillemotright{\guillemetright}
+\def\guilsinglleft{{\ecfont \char"0E}}
+\def\guilsinglright{{\ecfont \char"0F}}
+\def\quotedblbase{{\ecfont \char"12}}
+\def\quotesinglbase{{\ecfont \char"0D}}
+%
+% This positioning is not perfect (see the ogonek LaTeX package), but
+% we have the precomposed glyphs for the most common cases.  We put the
+% tests to use those glyphs in the single \ogonek macro so we have fewer
+% dummy definitions to worry about for index entries, etc.
+% 
+% ogonek is also used with other letters in Lithuanian (IOU), but using
+% the precomposed glyphs for those is not so easy since they aren't in
+% the same EC font.
+\def\ogonek#1{{%
+  \def\temp{#1}%
+  \ifx\temp\macrocharA\Aogonek
+  \else\ifx\temp\macrochara\aogonek
+  \else\ifx\temp\macrocharE\Eogonek
+  \else\ifx\temp\macrochare\eogonek
+  \else
+    \ecfont \setbox0=\hbox{#1}%
+    \ifdim\ht0=1ex\accent"0C #1%
+    \else\ooalign{\unhbox0\crcr\hidewidth\char"0C \hidewidth}%
+    \fi
+  \fi\fi\fi\fi
+  }%
+}
+\def\Aogonek{{\ecfont \char"81}}\def\macrocharA{A}
+\def\aogonek{{\ecfont \char"A1}}\def\macrochara{a}
+\def\Eogonek{{\ecfont \char"86}}\def\macrocharE{E}
+\def\eogonek{{\ecfont \char"A6}}\def\macrochare{e}
+%
+\def\ecfont{%
+  % We can't distinguish serif/sans and italic/slanted, but this
+  % is used for crude hacks anyway (like adding French and German
+  % quotes to documents typeset with CM, where we lose kerning), so
+  % hopefully nobody will notice/care.
+  \edef\ecsize{\csname\curfontsize ecsize\endcsname}%
+  \edef\nominalsize{\csname\curfontsize nominalsize\endcsname}%
+  \ifx\curfontstyle\bfstylename
+    % bold:
+    \font\thisecfont = ecb\ifusingit{i}{x}\ecsize \space at \nominalsize
+  \else
+    % regular:
+    \font\thisecfont = ec\ifusingit{ti}{rm}\ecsize \space at \nominalsize
+  \fi
+  \thisecfont
+}
+
+% @registeredsymbol - R in a circle.  The font for the R should really
+% be smaller yet, but lllsize is the best we can do for now.
+% Adapted from the plain.tex definition of \copyright.
+%
+\def\registeredsymbol{%
+  $^{{\ooalign{\hfil\raise.07ex\hbox{\selectfonts\lllsize R}%
+               \hfil\crcr\Orb}}%
+    }$%
+}
+
+% @textdegree - the normal degrees sign.
+%
+\def\textdegree{$^\circ$}
+
+% Laurent Siebenmann reports \Orb undefined with:
+%  Textures 1.7.7 (preloaded format=plain 93.10.14)  (68K)  16 APR 2004 02:38
+% so we'll define it if necessary.
+% 
+\ifx\Orb\undefined
+\def\Orb{\mathhexbox20D}
+\fi
+
+% Quotes.
+\chardef\quotedblleft="5C
+\chardef\quotedblright=`\"
+\chardef\quoteleft=`\`
+\chardef\quoteright=`\'
+
 
 \message{page headings,}
 
@@ -1677,87 +3008,100 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \newif\ifsetshortcontentsaftertitlepage
  \let\setshortcontentsaftertitlepage = \setshortcontentsaftertitlepagetrue
 
-\def\shorttitlepage{\parsearg\shorttitlepagezzz}
-\def\shorttitlepagezzz #1{\begingroup\hbox{}\vskip 1.5in \chaprm \centerline{#1}%
+\parseargdef\shorttitlepage{\begingroup\hbox{}\vskip 1.5in \chaprm \centerline{#1}%
         \endgroup\page\hbox{}\page}
 
-\def\titlepage{\begingroup \parindent=0pt \textfonts
-   \let\subtitlerm=\tenrm
-   \def\subtitlefont{\subtitlerm \normalbaselineskip = 13pt \normalbaselines}%
-   %
-   \def\authorfont{\authorrm \normalbaselineskip = 16pt \normalbaselines
-                   \let\tt=\authortt}%
-   %
-   % Leave some space at the very top of the page.
-   \vglue\titlepagetopglue
-   %
-   % Now you can print the title using @title.
-   \def\title{\parsearg\titlezzz}%
-   \def\titlezzz##1{\leftline{\titlefonts\rm ##1}
-                    % print a rule at the page bottom also.
-                    \finishedtitlepagefalse
-                    \vskip4pt \hrule height 4pt width \hsize \vskip4pt}%
-   % No rule at page bottom unless we print one at the top with @title.
-   \finishedtitlepagetrue
-   %
-   % Now you can put text using @subtitle.
-   \def\subtitle{\parsearg\subtitlezzz}%
-   \def\subtitlezzz##1{{\subtitlefont \rightline{##1}}}%
-   %
-   % @author should come last, but may come many times.
-   \def\author{\parsearg\authorzzz}%
-   \def\authorzzz##1{\ifseenauthor\else\vskip 0pt plus 1filll\seenauthortrue\fi
-      {\authorfont \leftline{##1}}}%
-   %
-   % Most title ``pages'' are actually two pages long, with space
-   % at the top of the second.  We don't want the ragged left on the second.
-   \let\oldpage = \page
-   \def\page{%
+\envdef\titlepage{%
+  % Open one extra group, as we want to close it in the middle of \Etitlepage.
+  \begingroup
+    \parindent=0pt \textfonts
+    % Leave some space at the very top of the page.
+    \vglue\titlepagetopglue
+    % No rule at page bottom unless we print one at the top with @title.
+    \finishedtitlepagetrue
+    %
+    % Most title ``pages'' are actually two pages long, with space
+    % at the top of the second.  We don't want the ragged left on the second.
+    \let\oldpage = \page
+    \def\page{%
       \iffinishedtitlepage\else
-         \finishtitlepage
+	 \finishtitlepage
       \fi
-      \oldpage
       \let\page = \oldpage
-      \hbox{}}%
-%   \def\page{\oldpage \hbox{}}
+      \page
+      \null
+    }%
 }
 
 \def\Etitlepage{%
-   \iffinishedtitlepage\else
-      \finishtitlepage
-   \fi
-   % It is important to do the page break before ending the group,
-   % because the headline and footline are only empty inside the group.
-   % If we use the new definition of \page, we always get a blank page
-   % after the title page, which we certainly don't want.
-   \oldpage
-   \endgroup
-   %
-   % Need this before the \...aftertitlepage checks so that if they are
-   % in effect the toc pages will come out with page numbers.
-   \HEADINGSon
-   %
-   % If they want short, they certainly want long too.
-   \ifsetshortcontentsaftertitlepage
-     \shortcontents
-     \contents
-     \global\let\shortcontents = \relax
-     \global\let\contents = \relax
-   \fi
-   %
-   \ifsetcontentsaftertitlepage
-     \contents
-     \global\let\contents = \relax
-     \global\let\shortcontents = \relax
-   \fi
+    \iffinishedtitlepage\else
+	\finishtitlepage
+    \fi
+    % It is important to do the page break before ending the group,
+    % because the headline and footline are only empty inside the group.
+    % If we use the new definition of \page, we always get a blank page
+    % after the title page, which we certainly don't want.
+    \oldpage
+  \endgroup
+  %
+  % Need this before the \...aftertitlepage checks so that if they are
+  % in effect the toc pages will come out with page numbers.
+  \HEADINGSon
+  %
+  % If they want short, they certainly want long too.
+  \ifsetshortcontentsaftertitlepage
+    \shortcontents
+    \contents
+    \global\let\shortcontents = \relax
+    \global\let\contents = \relax
+  \fi
+  %
+  \ifsetcontentsaftertitlepage
+    \contents
+    \global\let\contents = \relax
+    \global\let\shortcontents = \relax
+  \fi
 }
 
 \def\finishtitlepage{%
-   \vskip4pt \hrule height 2pt width \hsize
-   \vskip\titlepagebottomglue
-   \finishedtitlepagetrue
+  \vskip4pt \hrule height 2pt width \hsize
+  \vskip\titlepagebottomglue
+  \finishedtitlepagetrue
+}
+
+%%% Macros to be used within @titlepage:
+
+\let\subtitlerm=\tenrm
+\def\subtitlefont{\subtitlerm \normalbaselineskip = 13pt \normalbaselines}
+
+\parseargdef\title{%
+  \checkenv\titlepage
+  \leftline{\titlefonts\rmisbold #1}
+  % print a rule at the page bottom also.
+  \finishedtitlepagefalse
+  \vskip4pt \hrule height 4pt width \hsize \vskip4pt
+}
+
+\parseargdef\subtitle{%
+  \checkenv\titlepage
+  {\subtitlefont \rightline{#1}}%
+}
+
+% @author should come last, but may come many times.
+% It can also be used inside @quotation.
+%
+\parseargdef\author{%
+  \def\temp{\quotation}%
+  \ifx\thisenv\temp
+    \def\quotationauthor{#1}% printed in \Equotation.
+  \else
+    \checkenv\titlepage
+    \ifseenauthor\else \vskip 0pt plus 1filll \seenauthortrue \fi
+    {\secfonts\rmisbold \leftline{#1}}%
+  \fi
 }
 
+
 %%% Set up page headings and footings.
 
 \let\thispage=\folio
@@ -1767,7 +3111,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \newtoks\evenfootline    % footline on even pages
 \newtoks\oddfootline     % footline on odd pages
 
-% Now make Tex use those variables
+% Now make TeX use those variables
 \headline={{\textfonts\rm \ifodd\pageno \the\oddheadline
                             \else \the\evenheadline \fi}}
 \footline={{\textfonts\rm \ifodd\pageno \the\oddfootline
@@ -1781,43 +3125,64 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % @evenfooting @thisfile||
 % @oddfooting ||@thisfile
 
-\def\evenheading{\parsearg\evenheadingxxx}
-\def\oddheading{\parsearg\oddheadingxxx}
-\def\everyheading{\parsearg\everyheadingxxx}
 
-\def\evenfooting{\parsearg\evenfootingxxx}
-\def\oddfooting{\parsearg\oddfootingxxx}
-\def\everyfooting{\parsearg\everyfootingxxx}
-
-{\catcode`\@=0 %
-
-\gdef\evenheadingxxx #1{\evenheadingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish}
-\gdef\evenheadingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{%
+\def\evenheading{\parsearg\evenheadingxxx}
+\def\evenheadingxxx #1{\evenheadingyyy #1\|\|\|\|\finish}
+\def\evenheadingyyy #1\|#2\|#3\|#4\finish{%
 \global\evenheadline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}}
 
-\gdef\oddheadingxxx #1{\oddheadingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish}
-\gdef\oddheadingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{%
+\def\oddheading{\parsearg\oddheadingxxx}
+\def\oddheadingxxx #1{\oddheadingyyy #1\|\|\|\|\finish}
+\def\oddheadingyyy #1\|#2\|#3\|#4\finish{%
 \global\oddheadline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}}
 
-\gdef\everyheadingxxx#1{\oddheadingxxx{#1}\evenheadingxxx{#1}}%
+\parseargdef\everyheading{\oddheadingxxx{#1}\evenheadingxxx{#1}}%
 
-\gdef\evenfootingxxx #1{\evenfootingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish}
-\gdef\evenfootingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{%
+\def\evenfooting{\parsearg\evenfootingxxx}
+\def\evenfootingxxx #1{\evenfootingyyy #1\|\|\|\|\finish}
+\def\evenfootingyyy #1\|#2\|#3\|#4\finish{%
 \global\evenfootline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}}
 
-\gdef\oddfootingxxx #1{\oddfootingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish}
-\gdef\oddfootingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{%
+\def\oddfooting{\parsearg\oddfootingxxx}
+\def\oddfootingxxx #1{\oddfootingyyy #1\|\|\|\|\finish}
+\def\oddfootingyyy #1\|#2\|#3\|#4\finish{%
   \global\oddfootline = {\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}%
   %
   % Leave some space for the footline.  Hopefully ok to assume
   % @evenfooting will not be used by itself.
-  \global\advance\pageheight by -\baselineskip
-  \global\advance\vsize by -\baselineskip
+  \global\advance\pageheight by -12pt
+  \global\advance\vsize by -12pt
 }
 
-\gdef\everyfootingxxx#1{\oddfootingxxx{#1}\evenfootingxxx{#1}}
+\parseargdef\everyfooting{\oddfootingxxx{#1}\evenfootingxxx{#1}}
+
+% @evenheadingmarks top     \thischapter <- chapter at the top of a page
+% @evenheadingmarks bottom  \thischapter <- chapter at the bottom of a page
+%
+% The same set of arguments for:
 %
-}% unbind the catcode of @.
+% @oddheadingmarks
+% @evenfootingmarks
+% @oddfootingmarks
+% @everyheadingmarks
+% @everyfootingmarks
+
+\def\evenheadingmarks{\headingmarks{even}{heading}}
+\def\oddheadingmarks{\headingmarks{odd}{heading}}
+\def\evenfootingmarks{\headingmarks{even}{footing}}
+\def\oddfootingmarks{\headingmarks{odd}{footing}}
+\def\everyheadingmarks#1 {\headingmarks{even}{heading}{#1}
+                          \headingmarks{odd}{heading}{#1} }
+\def\everyfootingmarks#1 {\headingmarks{even}{footing}{#1}
+                          \headingmarks{odd}{footing}{#1} }
+% #1 = even/odd, #2 = heading/footing, #3 = top/bottom.
+\def\headingmarks#1#2#3 {%
+  \expandafter\let\expandafter\temp \csname get#3headingmarks\endcsname
+  \global\expandafter\let\csname get#1#2marks\endcsname \temp
+}
+
+\everyheadingmarks bottom
+\everyfootingmarks bottom
 
 % @headings double      turns headings on for double-sided printing.
 % @headings single      turns headings on for single-sided printing.
@@ -1831,7 +3196,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 
 \def\headings #1 {\csname HEADINGS#1\endcsname}
 
-\def\HEADINGSoff{
+\def\HEADINGSoff{%
 \global\evenheadline={\hfil} \global\evenfootline={\hfil}
 \global\oddheadline={\hfil} \global\oddfootline={\hfil}}
 \HEADINGSoff
@@ -1840,7 +3205,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % chapter name on inside top of right hand pages, document
 % title on inside top of left hand pages, and page numbers on outside top
 % edge of all pages.
-\def\HEADINGSdouble{
+\def\HEADINGSdouble{%
 \global\pageno=1
 \global\evenfootline={\hfil}
 \global\oddfootline={\hfil}
@@ -1852,7 +3217,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 
 % For single-sided printing, chapter title goes across top left of page,
 % page number on top right.
-\def\HEADINGSsingle{
+\def\HEADINGSsingle{%
 \global\pageno=1
 \global\evenfootline={\hfil}
 \global\oddfootline={\hfil}
@@ -1899,12 +3264,11 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % @settitle line...  specifies the title of the document, for headings.
 % It generates no output of its own.
 \def\thistitle{\putwordNoTitle}
-\def\settitle{\parsearg\settitlezzz}
-\def\settitlezzz #1{\gdef\thistitle{#1}}
+\def\settitle{\parsearg{\gdef\thistitle}}
 
 
 \message{tables,}
-% Tables -- @table, @ftable, @vtable, @item(x), @kitem(x), @xitem(x).
+% Tables -- @table, @ftable, @vtable, @item(x).
 
 % default indentation of table text
 \newdimen\tableindent \tableindent=.8in
@@ -1916,7 +3280,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % used internally for \itemindent minus \itemmargin
 \newdimen\itemmax
 
-% Note @table, @vtable, and @vtable define @item, @itemx, etc., with
+% Note @table, @ftable, and @vtable define @item, @itemx, etc., with
 % these defs.
 % They also define \itemindex
 % to index the item name in whatever manner is desired (perhaps none).
@@ -1928,22 +3292,10 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \def\internalBitem{\smallbreak \parsearg\itemzzz}
 \def\internalBitemx{\itemxpar \parsearg\itemzzz}
 
-\def\internalBxitem "#1"{\def\xitemsubtopix{#1} \smallbreak \parsearg\xitemzzz}
-\def\internalBxitemx "#1"{\def\xitemsubtopix{#1} \itemxpar \parsearg\xitemzzz}
-
-\def\internalBkitem{\smallbreak \parsearg\kitemzzz}
-\def\internalBkitemx{\itemxpar \parsearg\kitemzzz}
-
-\def\kitemzzz #1{\dosubind {kw}{\code{#1}}{for {\bf \lastfunction}}%
-                 \itemzzz {#1}}
-
-\def\xitemzzz #1{\dosubind {kw}{\code{#1}}{for {\bf \xitemsubtopic}}%
-                 \itemzzz {#1}}
-
 \def\itemzzz #1{\begingroup %
   \advance\hsize by -\rightskip
   \advance\hsize by -\tableindent
-  \setbox0=\hbox{\itemfont{#1}}%
+  \setbox0=\hbox{\itemindicate{#1}}%
   \itemindex{#1}%
   \nobreak % This prevents a break before @itemx.
   %
@@ -1967,17 +3319,13 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
     % \parskip glue -- logically it's part of the @item we just started.
     \nobreak \vskip-\parskip
     %
-    % Stop a page break at the \parskip glue coming up.  (Unfortunately
-    % we can't prevent a possible page break at the following
-    % \baselineskip glue.)  However, if what follows is an environment
-    % such as @example, there will be no \parskip glue; then
-    % the negative vskip we just would cause the example and the item to
-    % crash together.  So we use this bizarre value of 10001 as a signal
-    % to \aboveenvbreak to insert \parskip glue after all.
-    % (Possibly there are other commands that could be followed by
-    % @example which need the same treatment, but not section titles; or
-    % maybe section titles are the only special case and they should be
-    % penalty 10001...)
+    % Stop a page break at the \parskip glue coming up.  However, if
+    % what follows is an environment such as @example, there will be no
+    % \parskip glue; then the negative vskip we just inserted would
+    % cause the example and the item to crash together.  So we use this
+    % bizarre value of 10001 as a signal to \aboveenvbreak to insert
+    % \parskip glue after all.  Section titles are handled this way also.
+    % 
     \penalty 10001
     \endgroup
     \itemxneedsnegativevskipfalse
@@ -1997,92 +3345,116 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \fi
 }
 
-\def\item{\errmessage{@item while not in a table}}
-\def\itemx{\errmessage{@itemx while not in a table}}
-\def\kitem{\errmessage{@kitem while not in a table}}
-\def\kitemx{\errmessage{@kitemx while not in a table}}
-\def\xitem{\errmessage{@xitem while not in a table}}
-\def\xitemx{\errmessage{@xitemx while not in a table}}
-
-% Contains a kludge to get @end[description] to work.
-\def\description{\tablez{\dontindex}{1}{}{}{}{}}
+\def\item{\errmessage{@item while not in a list environment}}
+\def\itemx{\errmessage{@itemx while not in a list environment}}
 
 % @table, @ftable, @vtable.
-\def\table{\begingroup\inENV\obeylines\obeyspaces\tablex}
-{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
-\gdef\tablex #1^^M{%
-\tabley\dontindex#1        \endtabley}}
-
-\def\ftable{\begingroup\inENV\obeylines\obeyspaces\ftablex}
-{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
-\gdef\ftablex #1^^M{%
-\tabley\fnitemindex#1        \endtabley
-\def\Eftable{\endgraf\afterenvbreak\endgroup}%
-\let\Etable=\relax}}
-
-\def\vtable{\begingroup\inENV\obeylines\obeyspaces\vtablex}
-{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
-\gdef\vtablex #1^^M{%
-\tabley\vritemindex#1        \endtabley
-\def\Evtable{\endgraf\afterenvbreak\endgroup}%
-\let\Etable=\relax}}
-
-\def\dontindex #1{}
-\def\fnitemindex #1{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}}%
-\def\vritemindex #1{\doind {vr}{\code{#1}}}%
-
-{\obeyspaces %
-\gdef\tabley#1#2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7\endtabley{\endgroup%
-\tablez{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}
-
-\def\tablez #1#2#3#4#5#6{%
-\aboveenvbreak %
-\begingroup %
-\def\Edescription{\Etable}% Necessary kludge.
-\let\itemindex=#1%
-\ifnum 0#3>0 \advance \leftskip by #3\mil \fi %
-\ifnum 0#4>0 \tableindent=#4\mil \fi %
-\ifnum 0#5>0 \advance \rightskip by #5\mil \fi %
-\def\itemfont{#2}%
-\itemmax=\tableindent %
-\advance \itemmax by -\itemmargin %
-\advance \leftskip by \tableindent %
-\exdentamount=\tableindent
-\parindent = 0pt
-\parskip = \smallskipamount
-\ifdim \parskip=0pt \parskip=2pt \fi%
-\def\Etable{\endgraf\afterenvbreak\endgroup}%
-\let\item = \internalBitem %
-\let\itemx = \internalBitemx %
-\let\kitem = \internalBkitem %
-\let\kitemx = \internalBkitemx %
-\let\xitem = \internalBxitem %
-\let\xitemx = \internalBxitemx %
+\envdef\table{%
+  \let\itemindex\gobble
+  \tablecheck{table}%
+}
+\envdef\ftable{%
+  \def\itemindex ##1{\doind {fn}{\code{##1}}}%
+  \tablecheck{ftable}%
+}
+\envdef\vtable{%
+  \def\itemindex ##1{\doind {vr}{\code{##1}}}%
+  \tablecheck{vtable}%
+}
+\def\tablecheck#1{%
+  \ifnum \the\catcode`\^^M=\active
+    \endgroup
+    \errmessage{This command won't work in this context; perhaps the problem is
+      that we are \inenvironment\thisenv}%
+    \def\next{\doignore{#1}}%
+  \else
+    \let\next\tablex
+  \fi
+  \next
+}
+\def\tablex#1{%
+  \def\itemindicate{#1}%
+  \parsearg\tabley
+}
+\def\tabley#1{%
+  {%
+    \makevalueexpandable
+    \edef\temp{\noexpand\tablez #1\space\space\space}%
+    \expandafter
+  }\temp \endtablez
 }
+\def\tablez #1 #2 #3 #4\endtablez{%
+  \aboveenvbreak
+  \ifnum 0#1>0 \advance \leftskip by #1\mil \fi
+  \ifnum 0#2>0 \tableindent=#2\mil \fi
+  \ifnum 0#3>0 \advance \rightskip by #3\mil \fi
+  \itemmax=\tableindent
+  \advance \itemmax by -\itemmargin
+  \advance \leftskip by \tableindent
+  \exdentamount=\tableindent
+  \parindent = 0pt
+  \parskip = \smallskipamount
+  \ifdim \parskip=0pt \parskip=2pt \fi
+  \let\item = \internalBitem
+  \let\itemx = \internalBitemx
+}
+\def\Etable{\endgraf\afterenvbreak}
+\let\Eftable\Etable
+\let\Evtable\Etable
+\let\Eitemize\Etable
+\let\Eenumerate\Etable
 
 % This is the counter used by @enumerate, which is really @itemize
 
 \newcount \itemno
 
-\def\itemize{\parsearg\itemizezzz}
+\envdef\itemize{\parsearg\doitemize}
 
-\def\itemizezzz #1{%
-  \begingroup % ended by the @end itemize
-  \itemizey {#1}{\Eitemize}
+\def\doitemize#1{%
+  \aboveenvbreak
+  \itemmax=\itemindent
+  \advance\itemmax by -\itemmargin
+  \advance\leftskip by \itemindent
+  \exdentamount=\itemindent
+  \parindent=0pt
+  \parskip=\smallskipamount
+  \ifdim\parskip=0pt \parskip=2pt \fi
+  %
+  % Try typesetting the item mark that if the document erroneously says
+  % something like @itemize @samp (intending @table), there's an error
+  % right away at the @itemize.  It's not the best error message in the
+  % world, but it's better than leaving it to the @item.  This means if
+  % the user wants an empty mark, they have to say @w{} not just @w.
+  \def\itemcontents{#1}%
+  \setbox0 = \hbox{\itemcontents}%
+  %
+  % @itemize with no arg is equivalent to @itemize @bullet.
+  \ifx\itemcontents\empty\def\itemcontents{\bullet}\fi
+  %
+  \let\item=\itemizeitem
 }
 
-\def\itemizey #1#2{%
-\aboveenvbreak %
-\itemmax=\itemindent %
-\advance \itemmax by -\itemmargin %
-\advance \leftskip by \itemindent %
-\exdentamount=\itemindent
-\parindent = 0pt %
-\parskip = \smallskipamount %
-\ifdim \parskip=0pt \parskip=2pt \fi%
-\def#2{\endgraf\afterenvbreak\endgroup}%
-\def\itemcontents{#1}%
-\let\item=\itemizeitem}
+% Definition of @item while inside @itemize and @enumerate.
+%
+\def\itemizeitem{%
+  \advance\itemno by 1  % for enumerations
+  {\let\par=\endgraf \smallbreak}% reasonable place to break
+  {%
+   % If the document has an @itemize directly after a section title, a
+   % \nobreak will be last on the list, and \sectionheading will have
+   % done a \vskip-\parskip.  In that case, we don't want to zero
+   % parskip, or the item text will crash with the heading.  On the
+   % other hand, when there is normal text preceding the item (as there
+   % usually is), we do want to zero parskip, or there would be too much
+   % space.  In that case, we won't have a \nobreak before.  At least
+   % that's the theory.
+   \ifnum\lastpenalty<10000 \parskip=0in \fi
+   \noindent
+   \hbox to 0pt{\hss \itemcontents \kern\itemmargin}%
+   %
+   \vadjust{\penalty 1200}}% not good to break after first line of item.
+  \flushcr
+}
 
 % \splitoff TOKENS\endmark defines \first to be the first token in
 % TOKENS, and \rest to be the remainder.
@@ -2093,11 +3465,8 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % or number, to specify the first label in the enumerated list.  No
 % argument is the same as `1'.
 %
-\def\enumerate{\parsearg\enumeratezzz}
-\def\enumeratezzz #1{\enumeratey #1  \endenumeratey}
+\envparseargdef\enumerate{\enumeratey #1  \endenumeratey}
 \def\enumeratey #1 #2\endenumeratey{%
-  \begingroup % ended by the @end enumerate
-  %
   % If we were given no argument, pretend we were given `1'.
   \def\thearg{#1}%
   \ifx\thearg\empty \def\thearg{1}\fi
@@ -2168,13 +3537,13 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   }%
 }
 
-% Call itemizey, adding a period to the first argument and supplying the
+% Call \doitemize, adding a period to the first argument and supplying the
 % common last two arguments.  Also subtract one from the initial value in
 % \itemno, since @item increments \itemno.
 %
 \def\startenumeration#1{%
   \advance\itemno by -1
-  \itemizey{#1.}\Eenumerate\flushcr
+  \doitemize{#1.}\flushcr
 }
 
 % @alphaenumerate and @capsenumerate are abbreviations for giving an arg
@@ -2185,16 +3554,6 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \def\Ealphaenumerate{\Eenumerate}
 \def\Ecapsenumerate{\Eenumerate}
 
-% Definition of @item while inside @itemize.
-
-\def\itemizeitem{%
-\advance\itemno by 1
-{\let\par=\endgraf \smallbreak}%
-\ifhmode \errmessage{In hmode at itemizeitem}\fi
-{\parskip=0in \hskip 0pt
-\hbox to 0pt{\hss \itemcontents\hskip \itemmargin}%
-\vadjust{\penalty 1200}}%
-\flushcr}
 
 % @multitable macros
 % Amy Hendrickson, 8/18/94, 3/6/96
@@ -2221,24 +3580,14 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 %   @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3 template}
 %   @item ...
 %   using the widest term desired in each column.
-%
-% For those who want to use more than one line's worth of words in
-% the preamble, break the line within one argument and it
-% will parse correctly, i.e.,
-%
-%     @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3
-%      template}
-% Not:
-%     @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template}
-%      {Column 3 template}
 
 % Each new table line starts with @item, each subsequent new column
 % starts with @tab. Empty columns may be produced by supplying @tab's
 % with nothing between them for as many times as empty columns are needed,
 % ie, @tab@tab@tab will produce two empty columns.
 
-% @item, @tab, @multitable or @end multitable do not need to be on their
-% own lines, but it will not hurt if they are.
+% @item, @tab do not need to be on their own lines, but it will not hurt
+% if they are.
 
 % Sample multitable:
 
@@ -2282,13 +3631,12 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \def\xcolumnfractions{\columnfractions}
 \newif\ifsetpercent
 
-% #1 is the part of the @columnfraction before the decimal point, which
-% is presumably either 0 or the empty string (but we don't check, we
-% just throw it away).  #2 is the decimal part, which we use as the
-% percent of \hsize for this column.
-\def\pickupwholefraction#1.#2 {%
+% #1 is the @columnfraction, usually a decimal number like .5, but might
+% be just 1.  We just use it, whatever it is.
+%
+\def\pickupwholefraction#1 {%
   \global\advance\colcount by 1
-  \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{.#2\hsize}%
+  \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{#1\hsize}%
   \setuptable
 }
 
@@ -2321,18 +3669,40 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \go
 }
 
+% multitable-only commands.
+%
+% @headitem starts a heading row, which we typeset in bold.
+% Assignments have to be global since we are inside the implicit group
+% of an alignment entry.  \everycr resets \everytab so we don't have to
+% undo it ourselves.
+\def\headitemfont{\b}% for people to use in the template row; not changeable
+\def\headitem{%
+  \checkenv\multitable
+  \crcr
+  \global\everytab={\bf}% can't use \headitemfont since the parsing differs
+  \the\everytab % for the first item
+}%
+%
+% A \tab used to include \hskip1sp.  But then the space in a template
+% line is not enough.  That is bad.  So let's go back to just `&' until
+% we again encounter the problem the 1sp was intended to solve.
+%					--karl, nathan@acm.org, 20apr99.
+\def\tab{\checkenv\multitable &\the\everytab}%
+
 % @multitable ... @end multitable definitions:
 %
-\def\multitable{\parsearg\dotable}
-\def\dotable#1{\bgroup
+\newtoks\everytab  % insert after every tab.
+%
+\envdef\multitable{%
   \vskip\parskip
-  \let\item=\crcrwithfootnotes
-  % A \tab used to include \hskip1sp.  But then the space in a template
-  % line is not enough.  That is bad.  So let's go back to just & until
-  % we encounter the problem it was intended to solve again.  --karl,
-  % nathan@acm.org, 20apr99.
-  \let\tab=&%
-  \let\startfootins=\startsavedfootnote
+  \startsavinginserts
+  %
+  % @item within a multitable starts a normal row.
+  % We use \def instead of \let so that if one of the multitable entries
+  % contains an @itemize, we don't choke on the \item (seen as \crcr aka
+  % \endtemplate) expanding \doitemize.
+  \def\item{\crcr}%
+  %
   \tolerance=9500
   \hbadness=9500
   \setmultitablespacing
@@ -2340,85 +3710,93 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \parindent=\multitableparindent
   \overfullrule=0pt
   \global\colcount=0
-  \def\Emultitable{%
-    \global\setpercentfalse
-    \crcrwithfootnotes\crcr
-    \egroup\egroup
+  %
+  \everycr = {%
+    \noalign{%
+      \global\everytab={}%
+      \global\colcount=0 % Reset the column counter.
+      % Check for saved footnotes, etc.
+      \checkinserts
+      % Keeps underfull box messages off when table breaks over pages.
+      %\filbreak
+	% Maybe so, but it also creates really weird page breaks when the
+	% table breaks over pages. Wouldn't \vfil be better?  Wait until the
+	% problem manifests itself, so it can be fixed for real --karl.
+    }%
   }%
   %
+  \parsearg\domultitable
+}
+\def\domultitable#1{%
   % To parse everything between @multitable and @item:
   \setuptable#1 \endsetuptable
   %
-  % \everycr will reset column counter, \colcount, at the end of
-  % each line. Every column entry will cause \colcount to advance by one.
-  % The table preamble
-  % looks at the current \colcount to find the correct column width.
-  \everycr{\noalign{%
-  %
-  % \filbreak%% keeps underfull box messages off when table breaks over pages.
-  % Maybe so, but it also creates really weird page breaks when the table
-  % breaks over pages. Wouldn't \vfil be better?  Wait until the problem
-  % manifests itself, so it can be fixed for real --karl.
-    \global\colcount=0\relax}}%
-  %
   % This preamble sets up a generic column definition, which will
   % be used as many times as user calls for columns.
   % \vtop will set a single line and will also let text wrap and
   % continue for many paragraphs if desired.
-  \halign\bgroup&\global\advance\colcount by 1\relax
-    \multistrut\vtop{\hsize=\expandafter\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname
-  %
-  % In order to keep entries from bumping into each other
-  % we will add a \leftskip of \multitablecolspace to all columns after
-  % the first one.
-  %
-  % If a template has been used, we will add \multitablecolspace
-  % to the width of each template entry.
-  %
-  % If the user has set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize we will
-  % use that dimension as the width of the column, and the \leftskip
-  % will keep entries from bumping into each other.  Table will start at
-  % left margin and final column will justify at right margin.
-  %
-  % Make sure we don't inherit \rightskip from the outer environment.
-  \rightskip=0pt
-  \ifnum\colcount=1
-    % The first column will be indented with the surrounding text.
-    \advance\hsize by\leftskip
-  \else
-    \ifsetpercent \else
-      % If user has not set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize
-      % we will advance \hsize by \multitablecolspace.
-      \advance\hsize by \multitablecolspace
-    \fi
-   % In either case we will make \leftskip=\multitablecolspace:
-  \leftskip=\multitablecolspace
-  \fi
-  % Ignoring space at the beginning and end avoids an occasional spurious
-  % blank line, when TeX decides to break the line at the space before the
-  % box from the multistrut, so the strut ends up on a line by itself.
-  % For example:
-  % @multitable @columnfractions .11 .89
-  % @item @code{#}
-  % @tab Legal holiday which is valid in major parts of the whole country.
-  % Is automatically provided with highlighting sequences respectively marking
-  % characters.
-  \noindent\ignorespaces##\unskip\multistrut}\cr
-}
-
-\def\setmultitablespacing{% test to see if user has set \multitablelinespace.
-% If so, do nothing. If not, give it an appropriate dimension based on
-% current baselineskip.
+  \halign\bgroup &%
+    \global\advance\colcount by 1
+    \multistrut
+    \vtop{%
+      % Use the current \colcount to find the correct column width:
+      \hsize=\expandafter\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname
+      %
+      % In order to keep entries from bumping into each other
+      % we will add a \leftskip of \multitablecolspace to all columns after
+      % the first one.
+      %
+      % If a template has been used, we will add \multitablecolspace
+      % to the width of each template entry.
+      %
+      % If the user has set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize we will
+      % use that dimension as the width of the column, and the \leftskip
+      % will keep entries from bumping into each other.  Table will start at
+      % left margin and final column will justify at right margin.
+      %
+      % Make sure we don't inherit \rightskip from the outer environment.
+      \rightskip=0pt
+      \ifnum\colcount=1
+	% The first column will be indented with the surrounding text.
+	\advance\hsize by\leftskip
+      \else
+	\ifsetpercent \else
+	  % If user has not set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize
+	  % we will advance \hsize by \multitablecolspace.
+	  \advance\hsize by \multitablecolspace
+	\fi
+       % In either case we will make \leftskip=\multitablecolspace:
+      \leftskip=\multitablecolspace
+      \fi
+      % Ignoring space at the beginning and end avoids an occasional spurious
+      % blank line, when TeX decides to break the line at the space before the
+      % box from the multistrut, so the strut ends up on a line by itself.
+      % For example:
+      % @multitable @columnfractions .11 .89
+      % @item @code{#}
+      % @tab Legal holiday which is valid in major parts of the whole country.
+      % Is automatically provided with highlighting sequences respectively
+      % marking characters.
+      \noindent\ignorespaces##\unskip\multistrut
+    }\cr
+}
+\def\Emultitable{%
+  \crcr
+  \egroup % end the \halign
+  \global\setpercentfalse
+}
+
+\def\setmultitablespacing{%
+  \def\multistrut{\strut}% just use the standard line spacing
+  %
+  % Compute \multitablelinespace (if not defined by user) for use in
+  % \multitableparskip calculation.  We used define \multistrut based on
+  % this, but (ironically) that caused the spacing to be off.
+  % See bug-texinfo report from Werner Lemberg, 31 Oct 2004 12:52:20 +0100.
 \ifdim\multitablelinespace=0pt
 \setbox0=\vbox{X}\global\multitablelinespace=\the\baselineskip
 \global\advance\multitablelinespace by-\ht0
-%% strut to put in table in case some entry doesn't have descenders,
-%% to keep lines equally spaced
-\let\multistrut = \strut
-\else
-%% FIXME: what is \box0 supposed to be?
-\gdef\multistrut{\vrule height\multitablelinespace depth\dp0
-width0pt\relax} \fi
+\fi
 %% Test to see if parskip is larger than space between lines of
 %% table. If not, do nothing.
 %%        If so, set to same dimension as multitablelinespace.
@@ -2433,163 +3811,33 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
                                       %% than skip between lines in the table.
 \fi}
 
-% In case a @footnote appears inside an alignment, save the footnote
-% text to a box and make the \insert when a row of the table is
-% finished.  Otherwise, the insertion is lost, it never migrates to the
-% main vertical list.  --kasal, 22jan03.
-%
-\newbox\savedfootnotes
-%
-% \dotable \let's \startfootins to this, so that \dofootnote will call
-% it instead of starting the insertion right away.
-\def\startsavedfootnote{%
-  \global\setbox\savedfootnotes = \vbox\bgroup
-    \unvbox\savedfootnotes
-}
-\def\crcrwithfootnotes{%
-  \crcr
-  \ifvoid\savedfootnotes \else
-    \noalign{\insert\footins{\box\savedfootnotes}}%
-  \fi
-}
 
 \message{conditionals,}
-% Prevent errors for section commands.
-% Used in @ignore and in failing conditionals.
-\def\ignoresections{%
-  \let\chapter=\relax
-  \let\unnumbered=\relax
-  \let\top=\relax
-  \let\unnumberedsec=\relax
-  \let\unnumberedsection=\relax
-  \let\unnumberedsubsec=\relax
-  \let\unnumberedsubsection=\relax
-  \let\unnumberedsubsubsec=\relax
-  \let\unnumberedsubsubsection=\relax
-  \let\section=\relax
-  \let\subsec=\relax
-  \let\subsubsec=\relax
-  \let\subsection=\relax
-  \let\subsubsection=\relax
-  \let\appendix=\relax
-  \let\appendixsec=\relax
-  \let\appendixsection=\relax
-  \let\appendixsubsec=\relax
-  \let\appendixsubsection=\relax
-  \let\appendixsubsubsec=\relax
-  \let\appendixsubsubsection=\relax
-  \let\contents=\relax
-  \let\smallbook=\relax
-  \let\titlepage=\relax
-}
-
-% Used in nested conditionals, where we have to parse the Texinfo source
-% and so want to turn off most commands, in case they are used
-% incorrectly.
-%
-% We use \empty instead of \relax for the @def... commands, so that \end
-% doesn't throw an error.  For instance:
-% @ignore
-% @deffn ...
-% @end deffn
-% @end ignore
-% 
-% The @end deffn is going to get expanded, because we're trying to allow
-% nested conditionals.  But we don't want to expand the actual @deffn,
-% since it might be syntactically correct and intended to be ignored.
-% Since \end checks for \relax, using \empty does not cause an error.
-% 
-\def\ignoremorecommands{%
-  \let\defcodeindex = \relax
-  \let\defcv = \empty
-  \let\defcvx = \empty
-  \let\Edefcv = \empty
-  \let\deffn = \empty
-  \let\deffnx = \empty
-  \let\Edeffn = \empty
-  \let\defindex = \relax
-  \let\defivar = \empty
-  \let\defivarx = \empty
-  \let\Edefivar = \empty
-  \let\defmac = \empty
-  \let\defmacx = \empty
-  \let\Edefmac = \empty
-  \let\defmethod = \empty
-  \let\defmethodx = \empty
-  \let\Edefmethod = \empty
-  \let\defop = \empty
-  \let\defopx = \empty
-  \let\Edefop = \empty
-  \let\defopt = \empty
-  \let\defoptx = \empty
-  \let\Edefopt = \empty
-  \let\defspec = \empty
-  \let\defspecx = \empty
-  \let\Edefspec = \empty
-  \let\deftp = \empty
-  \let\deftpx = \empty
-  \let\Edeftp = \empty
-  \let\deftypefn = \empty
-  \let\deftypefnx = \empty
-  \let\Edeftypefn = \empty
-  \let\deftypefun = \empty
-  \let\deftypefunx = \empty
-  \let\Edeftypefun = \empty
-  \let\deftypeivar = \empty
-  \let\deftypeivarx = \empty
-  \let\Edeftypeivar = \empty
-  \let\deftypemethod = \empty
-  \let\deftypemethodx = \empty
-  \let\Edeftypemethod = \empty
-  \let\deftypeop = \empty
-  \let\deftypeopx = \empty
-  \let\Edeftypeop = \empty
-  \let\deftypevar = \empty
-  \let\deftypevarx = \empty
-  \let\Edeftypevar = \empty
-  \let\deftypevr = \empty
-  \let\deftypevrx = \empty
-  \let\Edeftypevr = \empty
-  \let\defun = \empty
-  \let\defunx = \empty
-  \let\Edefun = \empty
-  \let\defvar = \empty
-  \let\defvarx = \empty
-  \let\Edefvar = \empty
-  \let\defvr = \empty
-  \let\defvrx = \empty
-  \let\Edefvr = \empty
-  \let\clear = \relax
-  \let\down = \relax
-  \let\evenfooting = \relax
-  \let\evenheading = \relax
-  \let\everyfooting = \relax
-  \let\everyheading = \relax
-  \let\headings = \relax
-  \let\include = \relax
-  \let\item = \relax
-  \let\lowersections = \relax
-  \let\oddfooting = \relax
-  \let\oddheading = \relax
-  \let\printindex = \relax
-  \let\pxref = \relax
-  \let\raisesections = \relax
-  \let\ref = \relax
-  \let\set = \relax
-  \let\setchapternewpage = \relax
-  \let\setchapterstyle = \relax
-  \let\settitle = \relax
-  \let\up = \relax
-  \let\verbatiminclude = \relax
-  \let\xref = \relax
+
+% @iftex, @ifnotdocbook, @ifnothtml, @ifnotinfo, @ifnotplaintext,
+% @ifnotxml always succeed.  They currently do nothing; we don't
+% attempt to check whether the conditionals are properly nested.  But we
+% have to remember that they are conditionals, so that @end doesn't
+% attempt to close an environment group.
+%
+\def\makecond#1{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname #1\endcsname = \relax
+  \expandafter\let\csname iscond.#1\endcsname = 1
 }
+\makecond{iftex}
+\makecond{ifnotdocbook}
+\makecond{ifnothtml}
+\makecond{ifnotinfo}
+\makecond{ifnotplaintext}
+\makecond{ifnotxml}
 
 % Ignore @ignore, @ifhtml, @ifinfo, and the like.
 %
 \def\direntry{\doignore{direntry}}
-\def\documentdescriptionword{documentdescription}
 \def\documentdescription{\doignore{documentdescription}}
+\def\docbook{\doignore{docbook}}
 \def\html{\doignore{html}}
+\def\ifdocbook{\doignore{ifdocbook}}
 \def\ifhtml{\doignore{ifhtml}}
 \def\ifinfo{\doignore{ifinfo}}
 \def\ifnottex{\doignore{ifnottex}}
@@ -2599,198 +3847,139 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\menu{\doignore{menu}}
 \def\xml{\doignore{xml}}
 
-% @dircategory CATEGORY  -- specify a category of the dir file
-% which this file should belong to.  Ignore this in TeX.
-\let\dircategory = \comment
-
-% Ignore text until a line `@end #1'.
+% Ignore text until a line `@end #1', keeping track of nested conditionals.
 %
+% A count to remember the depth of nesting.
+\newcount\doignorecount
+
 \def\doignore#1{\begingroup
-  % Don't complain about control sequences we have declared \outer.
-  \ignoresections
-  %
-  % Define a command to swallow text until we reach `@end #1'.
-  % This @ is a catcode 12 token (that is the normal catcode of @ in
-  % this texinfo.tex file).  We change the catcode of @ below to match.
-  \long\def\doignoretext##1@end #1{\enddoignore}%
+  % Scan in ``verbatim'' mode:
+  \obeylines
+  \catcode`\@ = \other
+  \catcode`\{ = \other
+  \catcode`\} = \other
   %
   % Make sure that spaces turn into tokens that match what \doignoretext wants.
-  \catcode\spaceChar = 10
-  %
-  % Ignore braces, too, so mismatched braces don't cause trouble.
-  \catcode`\{ = 9
-  \catcode`\} = 9
+  \spaceisspace
   %
-  % We must not have @c interpreted as a control sequence.
-  \catcode`\@ = 12
+  % Count number of #1's that we've seen.
+  \doignorecount = 0
   %
-  \def\ignoreword{#1}%
-  \ifx\ignoreword\documentdescriptionword
-    % The c kludge breaks documentdescription, since
-    % `documentdescription' contains a `c'.  Means not everything will
-    % be ignored inside @documentdescription, but oh well...
-  \else
-    % Make the letter c a comment character so that the rest of the line
-    % will be ignored. This way, the document can have (for example)
-    %   @c @end ifinfo
-    % and the @end ifinfo will be properly ignored.
-    % (We've just changed @ to catcode 12.)
-    \catcode`\c = 14
-  \fi
-  %
-  % And now expand the command defined above.
-  \doignoretext
-}
-
-% What we do to finish off ignored text.
-%
-\def\enddoignore{\endgroup\ignorespaces}%
-
-\newif\ifwarnedobs\warnedobsfalse
-\def\obstexwarn{%
-  \ifwarnedobs\relax\else
-  % We need to warn folks that they may have trouble with TeX 3.0.
-  % This uses \immediate\write16 rather than \message to get newlines.
-    \immediate\write16{}
-    \immediate\write16{WARNING: for users of Unix TeX 3.0!}
-    \immediate\write16{This manual trips a bug in TeX version 3.0 (tex hangs).}
-    \immediate\write16{If you are running another version of TeX, relax.}
-    \immediate\write16{If you are running Unix TeX 3.0, kill this TeX process.}
-    \immediate\write16{  Then upgrade your TeX installation if you can.}
-    \immediate\write16{  (See ftp://ftp.gnu.org/non-gnu/TeX.README.)}
-    \immediate\write16{If you are stuck with version 3.0, run the}
-    \immediate\write16{  script ``tex3patch'' from the Texinfo distribution}
-    \immediate\write16{  to use a workaround.}
-    \immediate\write16{}
-    \global\warnedobstrue
-    \fi
+  % Swallow text until we reach the matching `@end #1'.
+  \dodoignore{#1}%
 }
 
-% **In TeX 3.0, setting text in \nullfont hangs tex.  For a
-% workaround (which requires the file ``dummy.tfm'' to be installed),
-% uncomment the following line:
-%%%%%\font\nullfont=dummy\let\obstexwarn=\relax
-
-% Ignore text, except that we keep track of conditional commands for
-% purposes of nesting, up to an `@end #1' command.
-%
-\def\nestedignore#1{%
-  \obstexwarn
-  % We must actually expand the ignored text to look for the @end
-  % command, so that nested ignore constructs work.  Thus, we put the
-  % text into a \vbox and then do nothing with the result.  To minimize
-  % the chance of memory overflow, we follow the approach outlined on
-  % page 401 of the TeXbook.
+{ \catcode`_=11 % We want to use \_STOP_ which cannot appear in texinfo source.
+  \obeylines %
   %
-  \setbox0 = \vbox\bgroup
-    % Don't complain about control sequences we have declared \outer.
-    \ignoresections
-    %
-    % Define `@end #1' to end the box, which will in turn undefine the
-    % @end command again.
-    \expandafter\def\csname E#1\endcsname{\egroup\ignorespaces}%
-    %
-    % We are going to be parsing Texinfo commands.  Most cause no
-    % trouble when they are used incorrectly, but some commands do
-    % complicated argument parsing or otherwise get confused, so we
-    % undefine them.
-    %
-    % We can't do anything about stray @-signs, unfortunately;
-    % they'll produce `undefined control sequence' errors.
-    \ignoremorecommands
-    %
-    % Set the current font to be \nullfont, a TeX primitive, and define
-    % all the font commands to also use \nullfont.  We don't use
-    % dummy.tfm, as suggested in the TeXbook, because some sites
-    % might not have that installed.  Therefore, math mode will still
-    % produce output, but that should be an extremely small amount of
-    % stuff compared to the main input.
-    %
-    \nullfont
-    \let\tenrm=\nullfont \let\tenit=\nullfont \let\tensl=\nullfont
-    \let\tenbf=\nullfont \let\tentt=\nullfont \let\smallcaps=\nullfont
-    \let\tensf=\nullfont
-    % Similarly for index fonts.
-    \let\smallrm=\nullfont \let\smallit=\nullfont \let\smallsl=\nullfont
-    \let\smallbf=\nullfont \let\smalltt=\nullfont \let\smallsc=\nullfont
-    \let\smallsf=\nullfont
-    % Similarly for smallexample fonts.
-    \let\smallerrm=\nullfont \let\smallerit=\nullfont \let\smallersl=\nullfont
-    \let\smallerbf=\nullfont \let\smallertt=\nullfont \let\smallersc=\nullfont
-    \let\smallersf=\nullfont
+  \gdef\dodoignore#1{%
+    % #1 contains the command name as a string, e.g., `ifinfo'.
     %
-    % Don't complain when characters are missing from the fonts.
-    \tracinglostchars = 0
+    % Define a command to find the next `@end #1'.
+    \long\def\doignoretext##1^^M@end #1{%
+      \doignoretextyyy##1^^M@#1\_STOP_}%
     %
-    % Don't bother to do space factor calculations.
-    \frenchspacing
+    % And this command to find another #1 command, at the beginning of a
+    % line.  (Otherwise, we would consider a line `@c @ifset', for
+    % example, to count as an @ifset for nesting.)
+    \long\def\doignoretextyyy##1^^M@#1##2\_STOP_{\doignoreyyy{##2}\_STOP_}%
     %
-    % Don't report underfull hboxes.
-    \hbadness = 10000
-    %
-    % Do minimal line-breaking.
-    \pretolerance = 10000
-    %
-    % Do not execute instructions in @tex.
-    \def\tex{\doignore{tex}}%
-    % Do not execute macro definitions.
-    % `c' is a comment character, so the word `macro' will get cut off.
-    \def\macro{\doignore{ma}}%
+    % And now expand that command.
+    \doignoretext ^^M%
+  }%
+}
+
+\def\doignoreyyy#1{%
+  \def\temp{#1}%
+  \ifx\temp\empty			% Nothing found.
+    \let\next\doignoretextzzz
+  \else					% Found a nested condition, ...
+    \advance\doignorecount by 1
+    \let\next\doignoretextyyy		% ..., look for another.
+    % If we're here, #1 ends with ^^M\ifinfo (for example).
+  \fi
+  \next #1% the token \_STOP_ is present just after this macro.
 }
 
+% We have to swallow the remaining "\_STOP_".
+%
+\def\doignoretextzzz#1{%
+  \ifnum\doignorecount = 0	% We have just found the outermost @end.
+    \let\next\enddoignore
+  \else				% Still inside a nested condition.
+    \advance\doignorecount by -1
+    \let\next\doignoretext      % Look for the next @end.
+  \fi
+  \next
+}
+
+% Finish off ignored text.
+{ \obeylines%
+  % Ignore anything after the last `@end #1'; this matters in verbatim
+  % environments, where otherwise the newline after an ignored conditional
+  % would result in a blank line in the output.
+  \gdef\enddoignore#1^^M{\endgroup\ignorespaces}%
+}
+
+
 % @set VAR sets the variable VAR to an empty value.
 % @set VAR REST-OF-LINE sets VAR to the value REST-OF-LINE.
 %
 % Since we want to separate VAR from REST-OF-LINE (which might be
 % empty), we can't just use \parsearg; we have to insert a space of our
 % own to delimit the rest of the line, and then take it out again if we
-% didn't need it.  Make sure the catcode of space is correct to avoid
-% losing inside @example, for instance.
+% didn't need it.
+% We rely on the fact that \parsearg sets \catcode`\ =10.
 %
-\def\set{\begingroup\catcode` =10
-  \catcode`\-=12 \catcode`\_=12 % Allow - and _ in VAR.
-  \parsearg\setxxx}
-\def\setxxx#1{\setyyy#1 \endsetyyy}
+\parseargdef\set{\setyyy#1 \endsetyyy}
 \def\setyyy#1 #2\endsetyyy{%
-  \def\temp{#2}%
-  \ifx\temp\empty \global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname = \empty
-  \else \setzzz{#1}#2\endsetzzz % Remove the trailing space \setxxx inserted.
-  \fi
-  \endgroup
+  {%
+    \makevalueexpandable
+    \def\temp{#2}%
+    \edef\next{\gdef\makecsname{SET#1}}%
+    \ifx\temp\empty
+      \next{}%
+    \else
+      \setzzz#2\endsetzzz
+    \fi
+  }%
 }
-% Can't use \xdef to pre-expand #2 and save some time, since \temp or
-% \next or other control sequences that we've defined might get us into
-% an infinite loop. Consider `@set foo @cite{bar}'.
-\def\setzzz#1#2 \endsetzzz{\expandafter\gdef\csname SET#1\endcsname{#2}}
+% Remove the trailing space \setxxx inserted.
+\def\setzzz#1 \endsetzzz{\next{#1}}
 
 % @clear VAR clears (i.e., unsets) the variable VAR.
 %
-\def\clear{\parsearg\clearxxx}
-\def\clearxxx#1{\global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname=\relax}
+\parseargdef\clear{%
+  {%
+    \makevalueexpandable
+    \global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname=\relax
+  }%
+}
 
 % @value{foo} gets the text saved in variable foo.
+\def\value{\begingroup\makevalueexpandable\valuexxx}
+\def\valuexxx#1{\expandablevalue{#1}\endgroup}
 {
-  \catcode`\_ = \active
+  \catcode`\- = \active \catcode`\_ = \active
   %
-  % We might end up with active _ or - characters in the argument if
-  % we're called from @code, as @code{@value{foo-bar_}}.  So \let any
-  % such active characters to their normal equivalents.
-  \gdef\value{\begingroup
+  \gdef\makevalueexpandable{%
+    \let\value = \expandablevalue
+    % We don't want these characters active, ...
     \catcode`\-=\other \catcode`\_=\other
-    \indexbreaks \let_\normalunderscore
-    \valuexxx}
+    % ..., but we might end up with active ones in the argument if
+    % we're called from @code, as @code{@value{foo-bar_}}, though.
+    % So \let them to their normal equivalents.
+    \let-\realdash \let_\normalunderscore
+  }
 }
-\def\valuexxx#1{\expandablevalue{#1}\endgroup}
 
 % We have this subroutine so that we can handle at least some @value's
-% properly in indexes (we \let\value to this in \indexdummies).  Ones
-% whose names contain - or _ still won't work, but we can't do anything
-% about that.  The command has to be fully expandable (if the variable
-% is set), since the result winds up in the index file.  This means that
-% if the variable's value contains other Texinfo commands, it's almost
-% certain it will fail (although perhaps we could fix that with
-% sufficient work to do a one-level expansion on the result, instead of
-% complete).
+% properly in indexes (we call \makevalueexpandable in \indexdummies).
+% The command has to be fully expandable (if the variable is set), since
+% the result winds up in the index file.  This means that if the
+% variable's value contains other Texinfo commands, it's almost certain
+% it will fail (although perhaps we could fix that with sufficient work
+% to do a one-level expansion on the result, instead of complete).
 %
 \def\expandablevalue#1{%
   \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
@@ -2804,55 +3993,36 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % @ifset VAR ... @end ifset reads the `...' iff VAR has been defined
 % with @set.
 %
-\def\ifset{\parsearg\doifset}
-\def\doifset#1{%
-  \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
-    \let\next=\ifsetfail
-  \else
-    \let\next=\ifsetsucceed
-  \fi
-  \next
+% To get special treatment of `@end ifset,' call \makeond and the redefine.
+%
+\makecond{ifset}
+\def\ifset{\parsearg{\doifset{\let\next=\ifsetfail}}}
+\def\doifset#1#2{%
+  {%
+    \makevalueexpandable
+    \let\next=\empty
+    \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#2\endcsname\relax
+      #1% If not set, redefine \next.
+    \fi
+    \expandafter
+  }\next
 }
-\def\ifsetsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifset}}
-\def\ifsetfail{\nestedignore{ifset}}
-\defineunmatchedend{ifset}
+\def\ifsetfail{\doignore{ifset}}
 
 % @ifclear VAR ... @end ifclear reads the `...' iff VAR has never been
 % defined with @set, or has been undefined with @clear.
 %
-\def\ifclear{\parsearg\doifclear}
-\def\doifclear#1{%
-  \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
-    \let\next=\ifclearsucceed
-  \else
-    \let\next=\ifclearfail
-  \fi
-  \next
-}
-\def\ifclearsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifclear}}
-\def\ifclearfail{\nestedignore{ifclear}}
-\defineunmatchedend{ifclear}
-
-% @iftex, @ifnothtml, @ifnotinfo, @ifnotplaintext always succeed; we
-% read the text following, through the first @end iftex (etc.).  Make
-% `@end iftex' (etc.) valid only after an @iftex.
+% The `\else' inside the `\doifset' parameter is a trick to reuse the
+% above code: if the variable is not set, do nothing, if it is set,
+% then redefine \next to \ifclearfail.
 %
-\def\iftex{\conditionalsucceed{iftex}}
-\def\ifnothtml{\conditionalsucceed{ifnothtml}}
-\def\ifnotinfo{\conditionalsucceed{ifnotinfo}}
-\def\ifnotplaintext{\conditionalsucceed{ifnotplaintext}}
-\defineunmatchedend{iftex}
-\defineunmatchedend{ifnothtml}
-\defineunmatchedend{ifnotinfo}
-\defineunmatchedend{ifnotplaintext}
+\makecond{ifclear}
+\def\ifclear{\parsearg{\doifset{\else \let\next=\ifclearfail}}}
+\def\ifclearfail{\doignore{ifclear}}
 
-% True conditional.  Since \set globally defines its variables, we can
-% just start and end a group (to keep the @end definition undefined at
-% the outer level).
-%
-\def\conditionalsucceed#1{\begingroup
-  \expandafter\def\csname E#1\endcsname{\endgroup}%
-}
+% @dircategory CATEGORY  -- specify a category of the dir file
+% which this file should belong to.  Ignore this in TeX.
+\let\dircategory=\comment
 
 % @defininfoenclose.
 \let\definfoenclose=\comment
@@ -2862,9 +4032,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % Index generation facilities
 
 % Define \newwrite to be identical to plain tex's \newwrite
-% except not \outer, so it can be used within \newindex.
-{\catcode`\@=11
-\gdef\newwrite{\alloc@7\write\chardef\sixt@@n}}
+% except not \outer, so it can be used within macros and \if's.
+\edef\newwrite{\makecsname{ptexnewwrite}}
 
 % \newindex {foo} defines an index named foo.
 % It automatically defines \fooindex such that
@@ -2903,10 +4072,10 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 % @synindex foo bar    makes index foo feed into index bar.
 % Do this instead of @defindex foo if you don't want it as a separate index.
-% 
+%
 % @syncodeindex foo bar   similar, but put all entries made for index foo
 % inside @code.
-% 
+%
 \def\synindex#1 #2 {\dosynindex\doindex{#1}{#2}}
 \def\syncodeindex#1 #2 {\dosynindex\docodeindex{#1}{#2}}
 
@@ -2915,11 +4084,11 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\dosynindex#1#2#3{%
   % Only do \closeout if we haven't already done it, else we'll end up
   % closing the target index.
-  \expandafter \ifx\csname donesynindex#2\endcsname \undefined
+  \expandafter \ifx\csname donesynindex#2\endcsname \relax
     % The \closeout helps reduce unnecessary open files; the limit on the
     % Acorn RISC OS is a mere 16 files.
     \expandafter\closeout\csname#2indfile\endcsname
-    \expandafter\let\csname\donesynindex#2\endcsname = 1
+    \expandafter\let\csname donesynindex#2\endcsname = 1
   \fi
   % redefine \fooindfile:
   \expandafter\let\expandafter\temp\expandafter=\csname#3indfile\endcsname
@@ -2948,204 +4117,245 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % Take care of Texinfo commands that can appear in an index entry.
 % Since there are some commands we want to expand, and others we don't,
 % we have to laboriously prevent expansion for those that we don't.
-% 
+%
 \def\indexdummies{%
+  \escapechar = `\\     % use backslash in output files.
   \def\@{@}% change to @@ when we switch to @ as escape char in index files.
   \def\ {\realbackslash\space }%
+  %
   % Need these in case \tex is in effect and \{ is a \delimiter again.
   % But can't use \lbracecmd and \rbracecmd because texindex assumes
-  % braces and backslashes are used only as delimiters.  
+  % braces and backslashes are used only as delimiters.
   \let\{ = \mylbrace
   \let\} = \myrbrace
   %
-  % \definedummyword defines \#1 as \realbackslash #1\space, thus
-  % effectively preventing its expansion.  This is used only for control
-  % words, not control letters, because the \space would be incorrect
-  % for control characters, but is needed to separate the control word
-  % from whatever follows.
+  % I don't entirely understand this, but when an index entry is
+  % generated from a macro call, the \endinput which \scanmacro inserts
+  % causes processing to be prematurely terminated.  This is,
+  % apparently, because \indexsorttmp is fully expanded, and \endinput
+  % is an expandable command.  The redefinition below makes \endinput
+  % disappear altogether for that purpose -- although logging shows that
+  % processing continues to some further point.  On the other hand, it
+  % seems \endinput does not hurt in the printed index arg, since that
+  % is still getting written without apparent harm.
   % 
-  % For control letters, we have \definedummyletter, which omits the
-  % space.
+  % Sample source (mac-idx3.tex, reported by Graham Percival to
+  % help-texinfo, 22may06):
+  % @macro funindex {WORD}
+  % @findex xyz
+  % @end macro
+  % ...
+  % @funindex commtest
   % 
-  % These can be used both for control words that take an argument and
-  % those that do not.  If it is followed by {arg} in the input, then
-  % that will dutifully get written to the index (or wherever).
+  % The above is not enough to reproduce the bug, but it gives the flavor.
   % 
-  \def\definedummyword##1{%
-    \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{\realbackslash ##1\space}%
-  }%
-  \def\definedummyletter##1{%
-    \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{\realbackslash ##1}%
-  }%
+  % Sample whatsit resulting:
+  % .@write3{\entry{xyz}{@folio }{@code {xyz@endinput }}}
+  % 
+  % So:
+  \let\endinput = \empty
   %
   % Do the redefinitions.
   \commondummies
 }
 
-% For the aux file, @ is the escape character.  So we want to redefine
-% everything using @ instead of \realbackslash.  When everything uses 
-% @, this will be simpler.
-% 
+% For the aux and toc files, @ is the escape character.  So we want to
+% redefine everything using @ as the escape character (instead of
+% \realbackslash, still used for index files).  When everything uses @,
+% this will be simpler.
+%
 \def\atdummies{%
   \def\@{@@}%
   \def\ {@ }%
   \let\{ = \lbraceatcmd
   \let\} = \rbraceatcmd
   %
-  % (See comments in \indexdummies.)
-  \def\definedummyword##1{%
-    \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{@##1\space}%
-  }%
-  \def\definedummyletter##1{%
-    \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{@##1}%
-  }%
-  %
   % Do the redefinitions.
   \commondummies
+  \otherbackslash
 }
 
-% Called from \indexdummies and \atdummies.  \definedummyword and
-% \definedummyletter must be defined first.
-% 
+% Called from \indexdummies and \atdummies.
+%
 \def\commondummies{%
   %
-  \normalturnoffactive
+  % \definedummyword defines \#1 as \string\#1\space, thus effectively
+  % preventing its expansion.  This is used only for control% words,
+  % not control letters, because the \space would be incorrect for
+  % control characters, but is needed to separate the control word
+  % from whatever follows.
   %
-  % Control letters and accents.
-  \definedummyletter{_}%
-  \definedummyletter{,}%
-  \definedummyletter{"}%
-  \definedummyletter{`}%
-  \definedummyletter{'}%
-  \definedummyletter{^}%
-  \definedummyletter{~}%
-  \definedummyletter{=}%
-  \definedummyword{u}%
-  \definedummyword{v}%
-  \definedummyword{H}%
-  \definedummyword{dotaccent}%
-  \definedummyword{ringaccent}%
-  \definedummyword{tieaccent}%
-  \definedummyword{ubaraccent}%
-  \definedummyword{udotaccent}%
-  \definedummyword{dotless}%
-  %
-  % Other non-English letters.
-  \definedummyword{AA}%
-  \definedummyword{AE}%
-  \definedummyword{L}%
-  \definedummyword{OE}%
-  \definedummyword{O}%
-  \definedummyword{aa}%
-  \definedummyword{ae}%
-  \definedummyword{l}%
-  \definedummyword{oe}%
-  \definedummyword{o}%
-  \definedummyword{ss}%
+  % For control letters, we have \definedummyletter, which omits the
+  % space.
   %
-  % Although these internal commands shouldn't show up, sometimes they do.
-  \definedummyword{bf}%
-  \definedummyword{gtr}%
-  \definedummyword{hat}%
-  \definedummyword{less}%
-  \definedummyword{sf}%
-  \definedummyword{sl}%
-  \definedummyword{tclose}%
-  \definedummyword{tt}%
+  % These can be used both for control words that take an argument and
+  % those that do not.  If it is followed by {arg} in the input, then
+  % that will dutifully get written to the index (or wherever).
   %
-  % Texinfo font commands.
-  \definedummyword{b}%
-  \definedummyword{i}%
-  \definedummyword{r}%
-  \definedummyword{sc}%
-  \definedummyword{t}%
-  %
-  \definedummyword{TeX}%
-  \definedummyword{acronym}%
-  \definedummyword{cite}%
-  \definedummyword{code}%
-  \definedummyword{command}%
-  \definedummyword{dfn}%
-  \definedummyword{dots}%
-  \definedummyword{emph}%
-  \definedummyword{env}%
-  \definedummyword{file}%
-  \definedummyword{kbd}%
-  \definedummyword{key}%
-  \definedummyword{math}%
-  \definedummyword{option}%
-  \definedummyword{samp}%
-  \definedummyword{strong}%
-  \definedummyword{uref}%
-  \definedummyword{url}%
-  \definedummyword{var}%
-  \definedummyword{w}%
+  \def\definedummyword  ##1{\def##1{\string##1\space}}%
+  \def\definedummyletter##1{\def##1{\string##1}}%
+  \let\definedummyaccent\definedummyletter
+  %
+  \commondummiesnofonts
+  %
+  \definedummyletter\_%
+  %
+  % Non-English letters.
+  \definedummyword\AA
+  \definedummyword\AE
+  \definedummyword\L
+  \definedummyword\OE
+  \definedummyword\O
+  \definedummyword\aa
+  \definedummyword\ae
+  \definedummyword\l
+  \definedummyword\oe
+  \definedummyword\o
+  \definedummyword\ss
+  \definedummyword\exclamdown
+  \definedummyword\questiondown
+  \definedummyword\ordf
+  \definedummyword\ordm
+  %
+  % Although these internal commands shouldn't show up, sometimes they do.
+  \definedummyword\bf
+  \definedummyword\gtr
+  \definedummyword\hat
+  \definedummyword\less
+  \definedummyword\sf
+  \definedummyword\sl
+  \definedummyword\tclose
+  \definedummyword\tt
+  %
+  \definedummyword\LaTeX
+  \definedummyword\TeX
   %
   % Assorted special characters.
-  \definedummyword{bullet}%
-  \definedummyword{copyright}%
-  \definedummyword{dots}%
-  \definedummyword{enddots}%
-  \definedummyword{equiv}%
-  \definedummyword{error}%
-  \definedummyword{expansion}%
-  \definedummyword{minus}%
-  \definedummyword{pounds}%
-  \definedummyword{point}%
-  \definedummyword{print}%
-  \definedummyword{result}%
-  %
-  % Handle some cases of @value -- where the variable name does not
-  % contain - or _, and the value does not contain any
-  % (non-fully-expandable) commands.
-  \let\value = \expandablevalue
+  \definedummyword\bullet
+  \definedummyword\comma
+  \definedummyword\copyright
+  \definedummyword\registeredsymbol
+  \definedummyword\dots
+  \definedummyword\enddots
+  \definedummyword\equiv
+  \definedummyword\error
+  \definedummyword\euro
+  \definedummyword\guillemetleft
+  \definedummyword\guillemetright
+  \definedummyword\guilsinglleft
+  \definedummyword\guilsinglright
+  \definedummyword\expansion
+  \definedummyword\minus
+  \definedummyword\ogonek
+  \definedummyword\pounds
+  \definedummyword\point
+  \definedummyword\print
+  \definedummyword\quotedblbase
+  \definedummyword\quotedblleft
+  \definedummyword\quotedblright
+  \definedummyword\quoteleft
+  \definedummyword\quoteright
+  \definedummyword\quotesinglbase
+  \definedummyword\result
+  \definedummyword\textdegree
+  %
+  % We want to disable all macros so that they are not expanded by \write.
+  \macrolist
   %
-  % Normal spaces, not active ones.
-  \unsepspaces
+  \normalturnoffactive
   %
-  % No macro expansion.
-  \turnoffmacros
+  % Handle some cases of @value -- where it does not contain any
+  % (non-fully-expandable) commands.
+  \makevalueexpandable
 }
 
-% If an index command is used in an @example environment, any spaces
-% therein should become regular spaces in the raw index file, not the
-% expansion of \tie (\leavevmode \penalty \@M \ ).
-{\obeyspaces
- \gdef\unsepspaces{\obeyspaces\let =\space}}
-
+% \commondummiesnofonts: common to \commondummies and \indexnofonts.
+%
+\def\commondummiesnofonts{%
+  % Control letters and accents.
+  \definedummyletter\!%
+  \definedummyaccent\"%
+  \definedummyaccent\'%
+  \definedummyletter\*%
+  \definedummyaccent\,%
+  \definedummyletter\.%
+  \definedummyletter\/%
+  \definedummyletter\:%
+  \definedummyaccent\=%
+  \definedummyletter\?%
+  \definedummyaccent\^%
+  \definedummyaccent\`%
+  \definedummyaccent\~%
+  \definedummyword\u
+  \definedummyword\v
+  \definedummyword\H
+  \definedummyword\dotaccent
+  \definedummyword\ogonek
+  \definedummyword\ringaccent
+  \definedummyword\tieaccent
+  \definedummyword\ubaraccent
+  \definedummyword\udotaccent
+  \definedummyword\dotless
+  %
+  % Texinfo font commands.
+  \definedummyword\b
+  \definedummyword\i
+  \definedummyword\r
+  \definedummyword\sc
+  \definedummyword\t
+  %
+  % Commands that take arguments.
+  \definedummyword\acronym
+  \definedummyword\cite
+  \definedummyword\code
+  \definedummyword\command
+  \definedummyword\dfn
+  \definedummyword\emph
+  \definedummyword\env
+  \definedummyword\file
+  \definedummyword\kbd
+  \definedummyword\key
+  \definedummyword\math
+  \definedummyword\option
+  \definedummyword\pxref
+  \definedummyword\ref
+  \definedummyword\samp
+  \definedummyword\strong
+  \definedummyword\tie
+  \definedummyword\uref
+  \definedummyword\url
+  \definedummyword\var
+  \definedummyword\verb
+  \definedummyword\w
+  \definedummyword\xref
+}
 
 % \indexnofonts is used when outputting the strings to sort the index
 % by, and when constructing control sequence names.  It eliminates all
 % control sequences and just writes whatever the best ASCII sort string
 % would be for a given command (usually its argument).
 %
-\def\indexdummytex{TeX}
-\def\indexdummydots{...}
-%
 \def\indexnofonts{%
+  % Accent commands should become @asis.
+  \def\definedummyaccent##1{\let##1\asis}%
+  % We can just ignore other control letters.
+  \def\definedummyletter##1{\let##1\empty}%
+  % Hopefully, all control words can become @asis.
+  \let\definedummyword\definedummyaccent
+  %
+  \commondummiesnofonts
+  %
+  % Don't no-op \tt, since it isn't a user-level command
+  % and is used in the definitions of the active chars like <, >, |, etc.
+  % Likewise with the other plain tex font commands.
+  %\let\tt=\asis
+  %
   \def\ { }%
   \def\@{@}%
   % how to handle braces?
   \def\_{\normalunderscore}%
   %
-  \let\,=\asis
-  \let\"=\asis
-  \let\`=\asis
-  \let\'=\asis
-  \let\^=\asis
-  \let\~=\asis
-  \let\==\asis
-  \let\u=\asis
-  \let\v=\asis
-  \let\H=\asis
-  \let\dotaccent=\asis
-  \let\ringaccent=\asis
-  \let\tieaccent=\asis
-  \let\ubaraccent=\asis
-  \let\udotaccent=\asis
-  \let\dotless=\asis
-  %
-  % Other non-English letters.
+  % Non-English letters.
   \def\AA{AA}%
   \def\AE{AE}%
   \def\L{L}%
@@ -3159,130 +4369,192 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \def\ss{ss}%
   \def\exclamdown{!}%
   \def\questiondown{?}%
+  \def\ordf{a}%
+  \def\ordm{o}%
   %
-  % Don't no-op \tt, since it isn't a user-level command
-  % and is used in the definitions of the active chars like <, >, |, etc.
-  % Likewise with the other plain tex font commands.
-  %\let\tt=\asis
+  \def\LaTeX{LaTeX}%
+  \def\TeX{TeX}%
   %
-  % Texinfo font commands.
-  \let\b=\asis
-  \let\i=\asis
-  \let\r=\asis
-  \let\sc=\asis
-  \let\t=\asis
-  %
-  \let\TeX=\indexdummytex
-  \let\acronym=\asis
-  \let\cite=\asis
-  \let\code=\asis
-  \let\command=\asis
-  \let\dfn=\asis
-  \let\dots=\indexdummydots
-  \let\emph=\asis
-  \let\env=\asis
-  \let\file=\asis
-  \let\kbd=\asis
-  \let\key=\asis
-  \let\math=\asis
-  \let\option=\asis
-  \let\samp=\asis
-  \let\strong=\asis
-  \let\uref=\asis
-  \let\url=\asis
-  \let\var=\asis
-  \let\w=\asis
+  % Assorted special characters.
+  % (The following {} will end up in the sort string, but that's ok.)
+  \def\bullet{bullet}%
+  \def\comma{,}%
+  \def\copyright{copyright}%
+  \def\registeredsymbol{R}%
+  \def\dots{...}%
+  \def\enddots{...}%
+  \def\equiv{==}%
+  \def\error{error}%
+  \def\euro{euro}%
+  \def\guillemetleft{<<}%
+  \def\guillemetright{>>}%
+  \def\guilsinglleft{<}%
+  \def\guilsinglright{>}%
+  \def\expansion{==>}%
+  \def\minus{-}%
+  \def\pounds{pounds}%
+  \def\point{.}%
+  \def\print{-|}%
+  \def\quotedblbase{"}%
+  \def\quotedblleft{"}%
+  \def\quotedblright{"}%
+  \def\quoteleft{`}%
+  \def\quoteright{'}%
+  \def\quotesinglbase{,}%
+  \def\result{=>}%
+  \def\textdegree{degrees}%
+  %
+  % We need to get rid of all macros, leaving only the arguments (if present).
+  % Of course this is not nearly correct, but it is the best we can do for now.
+  % makeinfo does not expand macros in the argument to @deffn, which ends up
+  % writing an index entry, and texindex isn't prepared for an index sort entry
+  % that starts with \.
+  % 
+  % Since macro invocations are followed by braces, we can just redefine them
+  % to take a single TeX argument.  The case of a macro invocation that
+  % goes to end-of-line is not handled.
+  % 
+  \macrolist
 }
 
 \let\indexbackslash=0  %overridden during \printindex.
 \let\SETmarginindex=\relax % put index entries in margin (undocumented)?
 
-% For \ifx comparisons.
-\def\emptymacro{\empty}
-
 % Most index entries go through here, but \dosubind is the general case.
-%
-\def\doind#1#2{\dosubind{#1}{#2}\empty}
+% #1 is the index name, #2 is the entry text.
+\def\doind#1#2{\dosubind{#1}{#2}{}}
 
 % Workhorse for all \fooindexes.
 % #1 is name of index, #2 is stuff to put there, #3 is subentry --
-% \empty if called from \doind, as we usually are.  The main exception
-% is with defuns, which call us directly.
+% empty if called from \doind, as we usually are (the main exception
+% is with most defuns, which call us directly).
 %
 \def\dosubind#1#2#3{%
+  \iflinks
+  {%
+    % Store the main index entry text (including the third arg).
+    \toks0 = {#2}%
+    % If third arg is present, precede it with a space.
+    \def\thirdarg{#3}%
+    \ifx\thirdarg\empty \else
+      \toks0 = \expandafter{\the\toks0 \space #3}%
+    \fi
+    %
+    \edef\writeto{\csname#1indfile\endcsname}%
+    %
+    \safewhatsit\dosubindwrite
+  }%
+  \fi
+}
+
+% Write the entry in \toks0 to the index file:
+%
+\def\dosubindwrite{%
   % Put the index entry in the margin if desired.
   \ifx\SETmarginindex\relax\else
-    \insert\margin{\hbox{\vrule height8pt depth3pt width0pt #2}}%
+    \insert\margin{\hbox{\vrule height8pt depth3pt width0pt \the\toks0}}%
   \fi
-  {%
-    \count255=\lastpenalty
-    {%
-      \indexdummies % Must do this here, since \bf, etc expand at this stage
-      \escapechar=`\\
-      {%
-        \let\folio = 0% We will expand all macros now EXCEPT \folio.
-        \def\rawbackslashxx{\indexbackslash}% \indexbackslash isn't defined now
-        % so it will be output as is; and it will print as backslash.
-        %
-        % The main index entry text.
-        \toks0 = {#2}%
-        %
-        % If third arg is present, precede it with space in sort key.
-        \def\thirdarg{#3}%
-        \ifx\thirdarg\emptymacro \else
-           % If the third (subentry) arg is present, add it to the index
-           % line to write.
-          \toks0 = \expandafter{\the\toks0 \space #3}%
-        \fi
-        %
-        % Process the index entry with all font commands turned off, to
-        % get the string to sort by.
-        {\indexnofonts
-         \edef\temp{\the\toks0}% need full expansion
-         \xdef\indexsorttmp{\temp}%
-        }%
-        %
-        % Set up the complete index entry, with both the sort key and
-        % the original text, including any font commands.  We write
-        % three arguments to \entry to the .?? file (four in the
-        % subentry case), texindex reduces to two when writing the .??s
-        % sorted result.
-        \edef\temp{%
-          \write\csname#1indfile\endcsname{%
-            \realbackslash entry{\indexsorttmp}{\folio}{\the\toks0}}%
-        }%
-        %
-        % If a skip is the last thing on the list now, preserve it
-        % by backing up by \lastskip, doing the \write, then inserting
-        % the skip again.  Otherwise, the whatsit generated by the
-        % \write will make \lastskip zero.  The result is that sequences
-        % like this:
-        % @end defun
-        % @tindex whatever
-        % @defun ...
-        % will have extra space inserted, because the \medbreak in the
-        % start of the @defun won't see the skip inserted by the @end of
-        % the previous defun.
-        %
-        % But don't do any of this if we're not in vertical mode.  We
-        % don't want to do a \vskip and prematurely end a paragraph.
-        %
-        % Avoid page breaks due to these extra skips, too.
-        %
-        \iflinks
-          \ifvmode
-            \skip0 = \lastskip
-            \ifdim\lastskip = 0pt \else \nobreak\vskip-\skip0 \fi
-          \fi
-          %
-          \temp % do the write
-          %
-          \ifvmode \ifdim\skip0 = 0pt \else \nobreak\vskip\skip0 \fi \fi
-        \fi
-      }%
-    }%
-    \penalty\count255
+  %
+  % Remember, we are within a group.
+  \indexdummies % Must do this here, since \bf, etc expand at this stage
+  \def\backslashcurfont{\indexbackslash}% \indexbackslash isn't defined now
+      % so it will be output as is; and it will print as backslash.
+  %
+  % Process the index entry with all font commands turned off, to
+  % get the string to sort by.
+  {\indexnofonts
+   \edef\temp{\the\toks0}% need full expansion
+   \xdef\indexsorttmp{\temp}%
+  }%
+  %
+  % Set up the complete index entry, with both the sort key and
+  % the original text, including any font commands.  We write
+  % three arguments to \entry to the .?? file (four in the
+  % subentry case), texindex reduces to two when writing the .??s
+  % sorted result.
+  \edef\temp{%
+    \write\writeto{%
+      \string\entry{\indexsorttmp}{\noexpand\folio}{\the\toks0}}%
   }%
+  \temp
+}
+
+% Take care of unwanted page breaks/skips around a whatsit:
+%
+% If a skip is the last thing on the list now, preserve it
+% by backing up by \lastskip, doing the \write, then inserting
+% the skip again.  Otherwise, the whatsit generated by the
+% \write or \pdfdest will make \lastskip zero.  The result is that
+% sequences like this:
+% @end defun
+% @tindex whatever
+% @defun ...
+% will have extra space inserted, because the \medbreak in the
+% start of the @defun won't see the skip inserted by the @end of
+% the previous defun.
+%
+% But don't do any of this if we're not in vertical mode.  We
+% don't want to do a \vskip and prematurely end a paragraph.
+%
+% Avoid page breaks due to these extra skips, too.
+%
+% But wait, there is a catch there:
+% We'll have to check whether \lastskip is zero skip.  \ifdim is not
+% sufficient for this purpose, as it ignores stretch and shrink parts
+% of the skip.  The only way seems to be to check the textual
+% representation of the skip.
+%
+% The following is almost like \def\zeroskipmacro{0.0pt} except that
+% the ``p'' and ``t'' characters have catcode \other, not 11 (letter).
+%
+\edef\zeroskipmacro{\expandafter\the\csname z@skip\endcsname}
+%
+\newskip\whatsitskip
+\newcount\whatsitpenalty
+%
+% ..., ready, GO:
+%
+\def\safewhatsit#1{%
+\ifhmode
+  #1%
+\else
+  % \lastskip and \lastpenalty cannot both be nonzero simultaneously.
+  \whatsitskip = \lastskip
+  \edef\lastskipmacro{\the\lastskip}%
+  \whatsitpenalty = \lastpenalty
+  %
+  % If \lastskip is nonzero, that means the last item was a
+  % skip.  And since a skip is discardable, that means this
+  % -\whatsitskip glue we're inserting is preceded by a
+  % non-discardable item, therefore it is not a potential
+  % breakpoint, therefore no \nobreak needed.
+  \ifx\lastskipmacro\zeroskipmacro
+  \else
+    \vskip-\whatsitskip
+  \fi
+  %
+  #1%
+  %
+  \ifx\lastskipmacro\zeroskipmacro
+    % If \lastskip was zero, perhaps the last item was a penalty, and
+    % perhaps it was >=10000, e.g., a \nobreak.  In that case, we want
+    % to re-insert the same penalty (values >10000 are used for various
+    % signals); since we just inserted a non-discardable item, any
+    % following glue (such as a \parskip) would be a breakpoint.  For example:
+    % 
+    %   @deffn deffn-whatever
+    %   @vindex index-whatever
+    %   Description.
+    % would allow a break between the index-whatever whatsit
+    % and the "Description." paragraph.
+    \ifnum\whatsitpenalty>9999 \penalty\whatsitpenalty \fi
+  \else
+    % On the other hand, if we had a nonzero \lastskip,
+    % this make-up glue would be preceded by a non-discardable item
+    % (the whatsit from the \write), so we must insert a \nobreak.
+    \nobreak\vskip\whatsitskip
+  \fi
+\fi
 }
 
 % The index entry written in the file actually looks like
@@ -3320,13 +4592,13 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % @printindex causes a particular index (the ??s file) to get printed.
 % It does not print any chapter heading (usually an @unnumbered).
 %
-\def\printindex{\parsearg\doprintindex}
-\def\doprintindex#1{\begingroup
+\parseargdef\printindex{\begingroup
   \dobreak \chapheadingskip{10000}%
   %
   \smallfonts \rm
   \tolerance = 9500
-  \indexbreaks
+  \plainfrenchspacing
+  \everypar = {}% don't want the \kern\-parindent from indentation suppression.
   %
   % See if the index file exists and is nonempty.
   % Change catcode of @ here so that if the index file contains
@@ -3353,7 +4625,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
       % Index files are almost Texinfo source, but we use \ as the escape
       % character.  It would be better to use @, but that's too big a change
       % to make right now.
-      \def\indexbackslash{\rawbackslashxx}%
+      \def\indexbackslash{\backslashcurfont}%
       \catcode`\\ = 0
       \escapechar = `\\
       \begindoublecolumns
@@ -3375,7 +4647,10 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \removelastskip
   %
   % We like breaks before the index initials, so insert a bonus.
-  \penalty -300
+  \nobreak
+  \vskip 0pt plus 3\baselineskip
+  \penalty 0
+  \vskip 0pt plus -3\baselineskip
   %
   % Typeset the initial.  Making this add up to a whole number of
   % baselineskips increases the chance of the dots lining up from column
@@ -3385,84 +4660,101 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   % No shrink because it confuses \balancecolumns.
   \vskip 1.67\baselineskip plus .5\baselineskip
   \leftline{\secbf #1}%
-  \vskip .33\baselineskip plus .1\baselineskip
-  %
   % Do our best not to break after the initial.
   \nobreak
+  \vskip .33\baselineskip plus .1\baselineskip
 }}
 
-% This typesets a paragraph consisting of #1, dot leaders, and then #2
-% flush to the right margin.  It is used for index and table of contents
-% entries.  The paragraph is indented by \leftskip.
+% \entry typesets a paragraph consisting of the text (#1), dot leaders, and
+% then page number (#2) flushed to the right margin.  It is used for index
+% and table of contents entries.  The paragraph is indented by \leftskip.
 %
-\def\entry#1#2{\begingroup
-  %
-  % Start a new paragraph if necessary, so our assignments below can't
-  % affect previous text.
-  \par
-  %
-  % Do not fill out the last line with white space.
-  \parfillskip = 0in
-  %
-  % No extra space above this paragraph.
-  \parskip = 0in
-  %
-  % Do not prefer a separate line ending with a hyphen to fewer lines.
-  \finalhyphendemerits = 0
-  %
-  % \hangindent is only relevant when the entry text and page number
-  % don't both fit on one line.  In that case, bob suggests starting the
-  % dots pretty far over on the line.  Unfortunately, a large
-  % indentation looks wrong when the entry text itself is broken across
-  % lines.  So we use a small indentation and put up with long leaders.
-  %
-  % \hangafter is reset to 1 (which is the value we want) at the start
-  % of each paragraph, so we need not do anything with that.
-  \hangindent = 2em
-  %
-  % When the entry text needs to be broken, just fill out the first line
-  % with blank space.
-  \rightskip = 0pt plus1fil
-  %
-  % A bit of stretch before each entry for the benefit of balancing columns.
-  \vskip 0pt plus1pt
-  %
-  % Start a ``paragraph'' for the index entry so the line breaking
-  % parameters we've set above will have an effect.
-  \noindent
-  %
-  % Insert the text of the index entry.  TeX will do line-breaking on it.
-  #1%
-  % The following is kludged to not output a line of dots in the index if
-  % there are no page numbers.  The next person who breaks this will be
-  % cursed by a Unix daemon.
-  \def\tempa{{\rm }}%
-  \def\tempb{#2}%
-  \edef\tempc{\tempa}%
-  \edef\tempd{\tempb}%
-  \ifx\tempc\tempd\ \else%
+% A straightforward implementation would start like this:
+%	\def\entry#1#2{...
+% But this freezes the catcodes in the argument, and can cause problems to
+% @code, which sets - active.  This problem was fixed by a kludge---
+% ``-'' was active throughout whole index, but this isn't really right.
+%
+% The right solution is to prevent \entry from swallowing the whole text.
+%                                 --kasal, 21nov03
+\def\entry{%
+  \begingroup
     %
-    % If we must, put the page number on a line of its own, and fill out
-    % this line with blank space.  (The \hfil is overwhelmed with the
-    % fill leaders glue in \indexdotfill if the page number does fit.)
-    \hfil\penalty50
-    \null\nobreak\indexdotfill % Have leaders before the page number.
+    % Start a new paragraph if necessary, so our assignments below can't
+    % affect previous text.
+    \par
     %
-    % The `\ ' here is removed by the implicit \unskip that TeX does as
-    % part of (the primitive) \par.  Without it, a spurious underfull
-    % \hbox ensues.
-    \ifpdf
-      \pdfgettoks#2.\ \the\toksA % The page number ends the paragraph.
+    % Do not fill out the last line with white space.
+    \parfillskip = 0in
+    %
+    % No extra space above this paragraph.
+    \parskip = 0in
+    %
+    % Do not prefer a separate line ending with a hyphen to fewer lines.
+    \finalhyphendemerits = 0
+    %
+    % \hangindent is only relevant when the entry text and page number
+    % don't both fit on one line.  In that case, bob suggests starting the
+    % dots pretty far over on the line.  Unfortunately, a large
+    % indentation looks wrong when the entry text itself is broken across
+    % lines.  So we use a small indentation and put up with long leaders.
+    %
+    % \hangafter is reset to 1 (which is the value we want) at the start
+    % of each paragraph, so we need not do anything with that.
+    \hangindent = 2em
+    %
+    % When the entry text needs to be broken, just fill out the first line
+    % with blank space.
+    \rightskip = 0pt plus1fil
+    %
+    % A bit of stretch before each entry for the benefit of balancing
+    % columns.
+    \vskip 0pt plus1pt
+    %
+    % Swallow the left brace of the text (first parameter):
+    \afterassignment\doentry
+    \let\temp =
+}
+\def\doentry{%
+    \bgroup % Instead of the swallowed brace.
+      \noindent
+      \aftergroup\finishentry
+      % And now comes the text of the entry.
+}
+\def\finishentry#1{%
+    % #1 is the page number.
+    %
+    % The following is kludged to not output a line of dots in the index if
+    % there are no page numbers.  The next person who breaks this will be
+    % cursed by a Unix daemon.
+    \setbox\boxA = \hbox{#1}%
+    \ifdim\wd\boxA = 0pt
+      \ %
     \else
-      \ #2% The page number ends the paragraph.
+      %
+      % If we must, put the page number on a line of its own, and fill out
+      % this line with blank space.  (The \hfil is overwhelmed with the
+      % fill leaders glue in \indexdotfill if the page number does fit.)
+      \hfil\penalty50
+      \null\nobreak\indexdotfill % Have leaders before the page number.
+      %
+      % The `\ ' here is removed by the implicit \unskip that TeX does as
+      % part of (the primitive) \par.  Without it, a spurious underfull
+      % \hbox ensues.
+      \ifpdf
+	\pdfgettoks#1.%
+	\ \the\toksA
+      \else
+	\ #1%
+      \fi
     \fi
-  \fi%
-  \par
-\endgroup}
+    \par
+  \endgroup
+}
 
-% Like \dotfill except takes at least 1 em.
+% Like plain.tex's \dotfill, except uses up at least 1 em.
 \def\indexdotfill{\cleaders
-  \hbox{$\mathsurround=0pt \mkern1.5mu ${\it .}$ \mkern1.5mu$}\hskip 1em plus 1fill}
+  \hbox{$\mathsurround=0pt \mkern1.5mu.\mkern1.5mu$}\hskip 1em plus 1fill}
 
 \def\primary #1{\line{#1\hfil}}
 
@@ -3569,9 +4861,37 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \wd0=\hsize \wd2=\hsize
   \hbox to\pagewidth{\box0\hfil\box2}%
 }
-% 
+%
 % All done with double columns.
 \def\enddoublecolumns{%
+  % The following penalty ensures that the page builder is exercised
+  % _before_ we change the output routine.  This is necessary in the
+  % following situation:
+  %
+  % The last section of the index consists only of a single entry.
+  % Before this section, \pagetotal is less than \pagegoal, so no
+  % break occurs before the last section starts.  However, the last
+  % section, consisting of \initial and the single \entry, does not
+  % fit on the page and has to be broken off.  Without the following
+  % penalty the page builder will not be exercised until \eject
+  % below, and by that time we'll already have changed the output
+  % routine to the \balancecolumns version, so the next-to-last
+  % double-column page will be processed with \balancecolumns, which
+  % is wrong:  The two columns will go to the main vertical list, with
+  % the broken-off section in the recent contributions.  As soon as
+  % the output routine finishes, TeX starts reconsidering the page
+  % break.  The two columns and the broken-off section both fit on the
+  % page, because the two columns now take up only half of the page
+  % goal.  When TeX sees \eject from below which follows the final
+  % section, it invokes the new output routine that we've set after
+  % \balancecolumns below; \onepageout will try to fit the two columns
+  % and the final section into the vbox of \pageheight (see
+  % \pagebody), causing an overfull box.
+  %
+  % Note that glue won't work here, because glue does not exercise the
+  % page builder, unlike penalties (see The TeXbook, pp. 280-281).
+  \penalty0
+  %
   \output = {%
     % Split the last of the double-column material.  Leave it on the
     % current page, no automatic page break.
@@ -3627,6 +4947,12 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \message{sectioning,}
 % Chapters, sections, etc.
 
+% \unnumberedno is an oxymoron, of course.  But we count the unnumbered
+% sections so that we can refer to them unambiguously in the pdf
+% outlines by their "section number".  We avoid collisions with chapter
+% numbers by starting them at 10000.  (If a document ever has 10000
+% chapters, we're in trouble anyway, I'm sure.)
+\newcount\unnumberedno \unnumberedno = 10000
 \newcount\chapno
 \newcount\secno        \secno=0
 \newcount\subsecno     \subsecno=0
@@ -3634,9 +4960,12 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 % This counter is funny since it counts through charcodes of letters A, B, ...
 \newcount\appendixno  \appendixno = `\@
+%
 % \def\appendixletter{\char\the\appendixno}
-% We do the following for the sake of pdftex, which needs the actual
+% We do the following ugly conditional instead of the above simple
+% construct for the sake of pdftex, which needs the actual
 % letter in the expansion, not just typeset.
+%
 \def\appendixletter{%
   \ifnum\appendixno=`A A%
   \else\ifnum\appendixno=`B B%
@@ -3672,13 +5001,18 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
   \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}
 
-% Each @chapter defines this as the name of the chapter.
-% page headings and footings can use it.  @section does likewise.
+% Each @chapter defines these (using marks) as the number+name, number
+% and name of the chapter.  Page headings and footings can use
+% these.  @section does likewise.
 \def\thischapter{}
+\def\thischapternum{}
+\def\thischaptername{}
 \def\thissection{}
+\def\thissectionnum{}
+\def\thissectionname{}
 
 \newcount\absseclevel % used to calculate proper heading level
-\newcount\secbase\secbase=0 % @raise/lowersections modify this count
+\newcount\secbase\secbase=0 % @raisesections/@lowersections modify this count
 
 % @raisesections: treat @section as chapter, @subsection as section, etc.
 \def\raisesections{\global\advance\secbase by -1}
@@ -3688,118 +5022,142 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\lowersections{\global\advance\secbase by 1}
 \let\down=\lowersections % original BFox name
 
-% Choose a numbered-heading macro
-% #1 is heading level if unmodified by @raisesections or @lowersections
-% #2 is text for heading
-\def\numhead#1#2{\absseclevel=\secbase\advance\absseclevel by #1
-\ifcase\absseclevel
-  \chapterzzz{#2}
-\or
-  \seczzz{#2}
-\or
-  \numberedsubseczzz{#2}
-\or
-  \numberedsubsubseczzz{#2}
-\else
-  \ifnum \absseclevel<0
-    \chapterzzz{#2}
+% we only have subsub.
+\chardef\maxseclevel = 3
+%
+% A numbered section within an unnumbered changes to unnumbered too.
+% To achive this, remember the "biggest" unnum. sec. we are currently in:
+\chardef\unmlevel = \maxseclevel
+%
+% Trace whether the current chapter is an appendix or not:
+% \chapheadtype is "N" or "A", unnumbered chapters are ignored.
+\def\chapheadtype{N}
+
+% Choose a heading macro
+% #1 is heading type
+% #2 is heading level
+% #3 is text for heading
+\def\genhead#1#2#3{%
+  % Compute the abs. sec. level:
+  \absseclevel=#2
+  \advance\absseclevel by \secbase
+  % Make sure \absseclevel doesn't fall outside the range:
+  \ifnum \absseclevel < 0
+    \absseclevel = 0
   \else
-    \numberedsubsubseczzz{#2}
+    \ifnum \absseclevel > 3
+      \absseclevel = 3
+    \fi
   \fi
-\fi
-}
-
-% like \numhead, but chooses appendix heading levels
-\def\apphead#1#2{\absseclevel=\secbase\advance\absseclevel by #1
-\ifcase\absseclevel
-  \appendixzzz{#2}
-\or
-  \appendixsectionzzz{#2}
-\or
-  \appendixsubseczzz{#2}
-\or
-  \appendixsubsubseczzz{#2}
-\else
-  \ifnum \absseclevel<0
-    \appendixzzz{#2}
+  % The heading type:
+  \def\headtype{#1}%
+  \if \headtype U%
+    \ifnum \absseclevel < \unmlevel
+      \chardef\unmlevel = \absseclevel
+    \fi
   \else
-    \appendixsubsubseczzz{#2}
+    % Check for appendix sections:
+    \ifnum \absseclevel = 0
+      \edef\chapheadtype{\headtype}%
+    \else
+      \if \headtype A\if \chapheadtype N%
+	\errmessage{@appendix... within a non-appendix chapter}%
+      \fi\fi
+    \fi
+    % Check for numbered within unnumbered:
+    \ifnum \absseclevel > \unmlevel
+      \def\headtype{U}%
+    \else
+      \chardef\unmlevel = 3
+    \fi
   \fi
-\fi
-}
-
-% like \numhead, but chooses numberless heading levels
-\def\unnmhead#1#2{\absseclevel=\secbase\advance\absseclevel by #1
-\ifcase\absseclevel
-  \unnumberedzzz{#2}
-\or
-  \unnumberedseczzz{#2}
-\or
-  \unnumberedsubseczzz{#2}
-\or
-  \unnumberedsubsubseczzz{#2}
-\else
-  \ifnum \absseclevel<0
-    \unnumberedzzz{#2}
+  % Now print the heading:
+  \if \headtype U%
+    \ifcase\absseclevel
+	\unnumberedzzz{#3}%
+    \or \unnumberedseczzz{#3}%
+    \or \unnumberedsubseczzz{#3}%
+    \or \unnumberedsubsubseczzz{#3}%
+    \fi
   \else
-    \unnumberedsubsubseczzz{#2}
+    \if \headtype A%
+      \ifcase\absseclevel
+	  \appendixzzz{#3}%
+      \or \appendixsectionzzz{#3}%
+      \or \appendixsubseczzz{#3}%
+      \or \appendixsubsubseczzz{#3}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+      \ifcase\absseclevel
+	  \chapterzzz{#3}%
+      \or \seczzz{#3}%
+      \or \numberedsubseczzz{#3}%
+      \or \numberedsubsubseczzz{#3}%
+      \fi
+    \fi
   \fi
-\fi
+  \suppressfirstparagraphindent
 }
 
-% @chapter, @appendix, @unnumbered.
-\def\thischaptername{No Chapter Title}
-\outer\def\chapter{\parsearg\chapteryyy}
-\def\chapteryyy #1{\numhead0{#1}} % normally numhead0 calls chapterzzz
-\def\chapterzzz #1{%
-  \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
-  \global\advance \chapno by 1 \message{\putwordChapter\space \the\chapno}%
-  \chapmacro {#1}{\the\chapno}%
-  \gdef\thissection{#1}%
-  \gdef\thischaptername{#1}%
-  % We don't substitute the actual chapter name into \thischapter
-  % because we don't want its macros evaluated now.
-  \xdef\thischapter{\putwordChapter{} \the\chapno: \noexpand\thischaptername}%
-  \writetocentry{chap}{#1}{{\the\chapno}}
-  \donoderef
+% an interface:
+\def\numhead{\genhead N}
+\def\apphead{\genhead A}
+\def\unnmhead{\genhead U}
+
+% @chapter, @appendix, @unnumbered.  Increment top-level counter, reset
+% all lower-level sectioning counters to zero.
+%
+% Also set \chaplevelprefix, which we prepend to @float sequence numbers
+% (e.g., figures), q.v.  By default (before any chapter), that is empty.
+\let\chaplevelprefix = \empty
+%
+\outer\parseargdef\chapter{\numhead0{#1}} % normally numhead0 calls chapterzzz
+\def\chapterzzz#1{%
+  % section resetting is \global in case the chapter is in a group, such
+  % as an @include file.
+  \global\secno=0 \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0
+    \global\advance\chapno by 1
+  %
+  % Used for \float.
+  \gdef\chaplevelprefix{\the\chapno.}%
+  \resetallfloatnos
+  %
+  \message{\putwordChapter\space \the\chapno}%
+  %
+  % Write the actual heading.
+  \chapmacro{#1}{Ynumbered}{\the\chapno}%
+  %
+  % So @section and the like are numbered underneath this chapter.
   \global\let\section = \numberedsec
   \global\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec
   \global\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec
 }
 
-% we use \chapno to avoid indenting back
-\def\appendixbox#1{%
-  \setbox0 = \hbox{\putwordAppendix{} \the\chapno}%
-  \hbox to \wd0{#1\hss}}
-
-\outer\def\appendix{\parsearg\appendixyyy}
-\def\appendixyyy #1{\apphead0{#1}} % normally apphead0 calls appendixzzz
-\def\appendixzzz #1{%
-  \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
-  \global\advance \appendixno by 1
-  \message{\putwordAppendix\space \appendixletter}%
-  \chapmacro {#1}{\appendixbox{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter}}%
-  \gdef\thissection{#1}%
-  \gdef\thischaptername{#1}%
-  \xdef\thischapter{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter: \noexpand\thischaptername}%
-  \writetocentry{appendix}{#1}{{\appendixletter}}
-  \appendixnoderef
+\outer\parseargdef\appendix{\apphead0{#1}} % normally apphead0 calls appendixzzz
+\def\appendixzzz#1{%
+  \global\secno=0 \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0
+    \global\advance\appendixno by 1
+  \gdef\chaplevelprefix{\appendixletter.}%
+  \resetallfloatnos
+  %
+  \def\appendixnum{\putwordAppendix\space \appendixletter}%
+  \message{\appendixnum}%
+  %
+  \chapmacro{#1}{Yappendix}{\appendixletter}%
+  %
   \global\let\section = \appendixsec
   \global\let\subsection = \appendixsubsec
   \global\let\subsubsection = \appendixsubsubsec
 }
 
-% @centerchap is like @unnumbered, but the heading is centered.
-\outer\def\centerchap{\parsearg\centerchapyyy}
-\def\centerchapyyy #1{{\let\unnumbchapmacro=\centerchapmacro \unnumberedyyy{#1}}}
-
-% @top is like @unnumbered.
-\outer\def\top{\parsearg\unnumberedyyy}
-
-\outer\def\unnumbered{\parsearg\unnumberedyyy}
-\def\unnumberedyyy #1{\unnmhead0{#1}} % normally unnmhead0 calls unnumberedzzz
-\def\unnumberedzzz #1{%
-  \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
+\outer\parseargdef\unnumbered{\unnmhead0{#1}} % normally unnmhead0 calls unnumberedzzz
+\def\unnumberedzzz#1{%
+  \global\secno=0 \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0
+    \global\advance\unnumberedno by 1
+  %
+  % Since an unnumbered has no number, no prefix for figures.
+  \global\let\chaplevelprefix = \empty
+  \resetallfloatnos
   %
   % This used to be simply \message{#1}, but TeX fully expands the
   % argument to \message.  Therefore, if #1 contained @-commands, TeX
@@ -3812,134 +5170,98 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   % \the<toks register> to achieve this: TeX expands \the<toks> only once,
   % simply yielding the contents of <toks register>.  (We also do this for
   % the toc entries.)
-  \toks0 = {#1}\message{(\the\toks0)}%
+  \toks0 = {#1}%
+  \message{(\the\toks0)}%
+  %
+  \chapmacro{#1}{Ynothing}{\the\unnumberedno}%
   %
-  \unnumbchapmacro {#1}%
-  \gdef\thischapter{#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-  \writetocentry{unnumbchap}{#1}{{\the\chapno}}
-  \unnumbnoderef
   \global\let\section = \unnumberedsec
   \global\let\subsection = \unnumberedsubsec
   \global\let\subsubsection = \unnumberedsubsubsec
 }
 
+% @centerchap is like @unnumbered, but the heading is centered.
+\outer\parseargdef\centerchap{%
+  % Well, we could do the following in a group, but that would break
+  % an assumption that \chapmacro is called at the outermost level.
+  % Thus we are safer this way:		--kasal, 24feb04
+  \let\centerparametersmaybe = \centerparameters
+  \unnmhead0{#1}%
+  \let\centerparametersmaybe = \relax
+}
+
+% @top is like @unnumbered.
+\let\top\unnumbered
+
 % Sections.
-\outer\def\numberedsec{\parsearg\secyyy}
-\def\secyyy #1{\numhead1{#1}} % normally calls seczzz
-\def\seczzz #1{%
-  \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 %
-  \gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}%
-  \writetocentry{sec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}}
-  \donoderef
-  \nobreak
+\outer\parseargdef\numberedsec{\numhead1{#1}} % normally calls seczzz
+\def\seczzz#1{%
+  \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\secno by 1
+  \sectionheading{#1}{sec}{Ynumbered}{\the\chapno.\the\secno}%
 }
 
-\outer\def\appendixsection{\parsearg\appendixsecyyy}
-\outer\def\appendixsec{\parsearg\appendixsecyyy}
-\def\appendixsecyyy #1{\apphead1{#1}} % normally calls appendixsectionzzz
-\def\appendixsectionzzz #1{%
-  \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 %
-  \gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}%
-  \writetocentry{sec}{#1}{{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}}
-  \appendixnoderef
-  \nobreak
+\outer\parseargdef\appendixsection{\apphead1{#1}} % normally calls appendixsectionzzz
+\def\appendixsectionzzz#1{%
+  \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\secno by 1
+  \sectionheading{#1}{sec}{Yappendix}{\appendixletter.\the\secno}%
 }
+\let\appendixsec\appendixsection
 
-\outer\def\unnumberedsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsecyyy}
-\def\unnumberedsecyyy #1{\unnmhead1{#1}} % normally calls unnumberedseczzz
-\def\unnumberedseczzz #1{%
-  \plainsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-  \writetocentry{unnumbsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}}
-  \unnumbnoderef
-  \nobreak
+\outer\parseargdef\unnumberedsec{\unnmhead1{#1}} % normally calls unnumberedseczzz
+\def\unnumberedseczzz#1{%
+  \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\secno by 1
+  \sectionheading{#1}{sec}{Ynothing}{\the\unnumberedno.\the\secno}%
 }
 
 % Subsections.
-\outer\def\numberedsubsec{\parsearg\numberedsubsecyyy}
-\def\numberedsubsecyyy #1{\numhead2{#1}} % normally calls numberedsubseczzz
-\def\numberedsubseczzz #1{%
-  \gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 %
-  \subsecheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}%
-  \writetocentry{subsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}
-  \donoderef
-  \nobreak
+\outer\parseargdef\numberedsubsec{\numhead2{#1}} % normally calls numberedsubseczzz
+\def\numberedsubseczzz#1{%
+  \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\subsecno by 1
+  \sectionheading{#1}{subsec}{Ynumbered}{\the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno}%
 }
 
-\outer\def\appendixsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsecyyy}
-\def\appendixsubsecyyy #1{\apphead2{#1}} % normally calls appendixsubseczzz
-\def\appendixsubseczzz #1{%
-  \gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 %
-  \subsecheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}%
-  \writetocentry{subsec}{#1}{{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}
-  \appendixnoderef
-  \nobreak
+\outer\parseargdef\appendixsubsec{\apphead2{#1}} % normally calls appendixsubseczzz
+\def\appendixsubseczzz#1{%
+  \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\subsecno by 1
+  \sectionheading{#1}{subsec}{Yappendix}%
+                 {\appendixletter.\the\secno.\the\subsecno}%
 }
 
-\outer\def\unnumberedsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsecyyy}
-\def\unnumberedsubsecyyy #1{\unnmhead2{#1}} %normally calls unnumberedsubseczzz
-\def\unnumberedsubseczzz #1{%
-  \plainsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-  \writetocentry{unnumbsubsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}
-  \unnumbnoderef
-  \nobreak
+\outer\parseargdef\unnumberedsubsec{\unnmhead2{#1}} %normally calls unnumberedsubseczzz
+\def\unnumberedsubseczzz#1{%
+  \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\subsecno by 1
+  \sectionheading{#1}{subsec}{Ynothing}%
+                 {\the\unnumberedno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno}%
 }
 
 % Subsubsections.
-\outer\def\numberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\numberedsubsubsecyyy}
-\def\numberedsubsubsecyyy #1{\numhead3{#1}} % normally numberedsubsubseczzz
-\def\numberedsubsubseczzz #1{%
-  \gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 %
-  \subsubsecheading {#1}
-    {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}%
-  \writetocentry{subsubsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}
-  \donoderef
-  \nobreak
+\outer\parseargdef\numberedsubsubsec{\numhead3{#1}} % normally numberedsubsubseczzz
+\def\numberedsubsubseczzz#1{%
+  \global\advance\subsubsecno by 1
+  \sectionheading{#1}{subsubsec}{Ynumbered}%
+                 {\the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno}%
 }
 
-\outer\def\appendixsubsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsubsecyyy}
-\def\appendixsubsubsecyyy #1{\apphead3{#1}} % normally appendixsubsubseczzz
-\def\appendixsubsubseczzz #1{%
-  \gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 %
-  \subsubsecheading {#1}
-    {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}%
-  \writetocentry{subsubsec}{#1}{{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}
-  \appendixnoderef
-  \nobreak
+\outer\parseargdef\appendixsubsubsec{\apphead3{#1}} % normally appendixsubsubseczzz
+\def\appendixsubsubseczzz#1{%
+  \global\advance\subsubsecno by 1
+  \sectionheading{#1}{subsubsec}{Yappendix}%
+                 {\appendixletter.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno}%
 }
 
-\outer\def\unnumberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsubsecyyy}
-\def\unnumberedsubsubsecyyy #1{\unnmhead3{#1}} %normally unnumberedsubsubseczzz
-\def\unnumberedsubsubseczzz #1{%
-  \plainsubsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-  \writetocentry{unnumbsubsubsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}
-  \unnumbnoderef
-  \nobreak
+\outer\parseargdef\unnumberedsubsubsec{\unnmhead3{#1}} %normally unnumberedsubsubseczzz
+\def\unnumberedsubsubseczzz#1{%
+  \global\advance\subsubsecno by 1
+  \sectionheading{#1}{subsubsec}{Ynothing}%
+                 {\the\unnumberedno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno}%
 }
 
-% These are variants which are not "outer", so they can appear in @ifinfo.
-% Actually, they should now be obsolete; ordinary section commands should work.
-\def\infotop{\parsearg\unnumberedzzz}
-\def\infounnumbered{\parsearg\unnumberedzzz}
-\def\infounnumberedsec{\parsearg\unnumberedseczzz}
-\def\infounnumberedsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubseczzz}
-\def\infounnumberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsubseczzz}
-
-\def\infoappendix{\parsearg\appendixzzz}
-\def\infoappendixsec{\parsearg\appendixseczzz}
-\def\infoappendixsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubseczzz}
-\def\infoappendixsubsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsubseczzz}
-
-\def\infochapter{\parsearg\chapterzzz}
-\def\infosection{\parsearg\sectionzzz}
-\def\infosubsection{\parsearg\subsectionzzz}
-\def\infosubsubsection{\parsearg\subsubsectionzzz}
-
 % These macros control what the section commands do, according
 % to what kind of chapter we are in (ordinary, appendix, or unnumbered).
 % Define them by default for a numbered chapter.
-\global\let\section = \numberedsec
-\global\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec
-\global\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec
+\let\section = \numberedsec
+\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec
+\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec
 
 % Define @majorheading, @heading and @subheading
 
@@ -3951,24 +5273,27 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %       3) Likewise, headings look best if no \parindent is used, and
 %          if justification is not attempted.  Hence \raggedright.
 
-
-\def\majorheading{\parsearg\majorheadingzzz}
-\def\majorheadingzzz #1{%
+\def\majorheading{%
   {\advance\chapheadingskip by 10pt \chapbreak }%
-  {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
-                    \parindent=0pt\raggedright
-                    \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 200}
+  \parsearg\chapheadingzzz
+}
 
-\def\chapheading{\parsearg\chapheadingzzz}
-\def\chapheadingzzz #1{\chapbreak %
+\def\chapheading{\chapbreak \parsearg\chapheadingzzz}
+\def\chapheadingzzz#1{%
   {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
-                    \parindent=0pt\raggedright
-                    \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 200}
+                    \parindent=0pt\ptexraggedright
+                    \rmisbold #1\hfill}}%
+  \bigskip \par\penalty 200\relax
+  \suppressfirstparagraphindent
+}
 
 % @heading, @subheading, @subsubheading.
-\def\heading{\parsearg\plainsecheading}
-\def\subheading{\parsearg\plainsubsecheading}
-\def\subsubheading{\parsearg\plainsubsubsecheading}
+\parseargdef\heading{\sectionheading{#1}{sec}{Yomitfromtoc}{}
+  \suppressfirstparagraphindent}
+\parseargdef\subheading{\sectionheading{#1}{subsec}{Yomitfromtoc}{}
+  \suppressfirstparagraphindent}
+\parseargdef\subsubheading{\sectionheading{#1}{subsubsec}{Yomitfromtoc}{}
+  \suppressfirstparagraphindent}
 
 % These macros generate a chapter, section, etc. heading only
 % (including whitespace, linebreaking, etc. around it),
@@ -3977,8 +5302,6 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %%% Args are the skip and penalty (usually negative)
 \def\dobreak#1#2{\par\ifdim\lastskip<#1\removelastskip\penalty#2\vskip#1\fi}
 
-\def\setchapterstyle #1 {\csname CHAPF#1\endcsname}
-
 %%% Define plain chapter starts, and page on/off switching for it
 % Parameter controlling skip before chapter headings (if needed)
 
@@ -3986,7 +5309,20 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 \def\chapbreak{\dobreak \chapheadingskip {-4000}}
 \def\chappager{\par\vfill\supereject}
-\def\chapoddpage{\chappager \ifodd\pageno \else \hbox to 0pt{} \chappager\fi}
+% Because \domark is called before \chapoddpage, the filler page will
+% get the headings for the next chapter, which is wrong.  But we don't
+% care -- we just disable all headings on the filler page.
+\def\chapoddpage{%
+  \chappager
+  \ifodd\pageno \else
+    \begingroup
+      \evenheadline={\hfil}\evenfootline={\hfil}%
+      \oddheadline={\hfil}\oddfootline={\hfil}%
+      \hbox to 0pt{}%
+      \chappager
+    \endgroup
+  \fi
+}
 
 \def\setchapternewpage #1 {\csname CHAPPAG#1\endcsname}
 
@@ -4001,7 +5337,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \global\let\pagealignmacro=\chappager
 \global\def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSsingle}}
 
-\def\CHAPPAGodd{
+\def\CHAPPAGodd{%
 \global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage
 \global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chapoddpage
 \global\let\pagealignmacro=\chapoddpage
@@ -4009,116 +5345,280 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 \CHAPPAGon
 
-\def\CHAPFplain{
-\global\let\chapmacro=\chfplain
-\global\let\unnumbchapmacro=\unnchfplain
-\global\let\centerchapmacro=\centerchfplain}
-
-% Plain chapter opening.
-% #1 is the text, #2 the chapter number or empty if unnumbered.
-\def\chfplain#1#2{%
+% Chapter opening.
+%
+% #1 is the text, #2 is the section type (Ynumbered, Ynothing,
+% Yappendix, Yomitfromtoc), #3 the chapter number.
+%
+% To test against our argument.
+\def\Ynothingkeyword{Ynothing}
+\def\Yomitfromtockeyword{Yomitfromtoc}
+\def\Yappendixkeyword{Yappendix}
+%
+\def\chapmacro#1#2#3{%
+  % Insert the first mark before the heading break (see notes for \domark).
+  \let\prevchapterdefs=\lastchapterdefs
+  \let\prevsectiondefs=\lastsectiondefs
+  \gdef\lastsectiondefs{\gdef\thissectionname{}\gdef\thissectionnum{}%
+                        \gdef\thissection{}}%
+  %
+  \def\temptype{#2}%
+  \ifx\temptype\Ynothingkeyword
+    \gdef\lastchapterdefs{\gdef\thischaptername{#1}\gdef\thischapternum{}%
+                          \gdef\thischapter{\thischaptername}}%
+  \else\ifx\temptype\Yomitfromtockeyword
+    \gdef\lastchapterdefs{\gdef\thischaptername{#1}\gdef\thischapternum{}%
+                          \gdef\thischapter{}}%
+  \else\ifx\temptype\Yappendixkeyword
+    \toks0={#1}%
+    \xdef\lastchapterdefs{%
+      \gdef\noexpand\thischaptername{\the\toks0}%
+      \gdef\noexpand\thischapternum{\appendixletter}%
+      \gdef\noexpand\thischapter{\putwordAppendix{} \noexpand\thischapternum:
+                                 \noexpand\thischaptername}%
+    }%
+  \else
+    \toks0={#1}%
+    \xdef\lastchapterdefs{%
+      \gdef\noexpand\thischaptername{\the\toks0}%
+      \gdef\noexpand\thischapternum{\the\chapno}%
+      \gdef\noexpand\thischapter{\putwordChapter{} \noexpand\thischapternum:
+                                 \noexpand\thischaptername}%
+    }%
+  \fi\fi\fi
+  %
+  % Output the mark.  Pass it through \safewhatsit, to take care of
+  % the preceding space.
+  \safewhatsit\domark
+  %
+  % Insert the chapter heading break.
   \pchapsepmacro
+  %
+  % Now the second mark, after the heading break.  No break points
+  % between here and the heading.
+  \let\prevchapterdefs=\lastchapterdefs
+  \let\prevsectiondefs=\lastsectiondefs
+  \domark
+  %
   {%
-    \chapfonts \rm
-    \def\chapnum{#2}%
-    \setbox0 = \hbox{#2\ifx\chapnum\empty\else\enspace\fi}%
-    \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \raggedright
-          \hangindent = \wd0 \centerparametersmaybe
+    \chapfonts \rmisbold
+    %
+    % Have to define \lastsection before calling \donoderef, because the
+    % xref code eventually uses it.  On the other hand, it has to be called
+    % after \pchapsepmacro, or the headline will change too soon.
+    \gdef\lastsection{#1}%
+    %
+    % Only insert the separating space if we have a chapter/appendix
+    % number, and don't print the unnumbered ``number''.
+    \ifx\temptype\Ynothingkeyword
+      \setbox0 = \hbox{}%
+      \def\toctype{unnchap}%
+    \else\ifx\temptype\Yomitfromtockeyword
+      \setbox0 = \hbox{}% contents like unnumbered, but no toc entry
+      \def\toctype{omit}%
+    \else\ifx\temptype\Yappendixkeyword
+      \setbox0 = \hbox{\putwordAppendix{} #3\enspace}%
+      \def\toctype{app}%
+    \else
+      \setbox0 = \hbox{#3\enspace}%
+      \def\toctype{numchap}%
+    \fi\fi\fi
+    %
+    % Write the toc entry for this chapter.  Must come before the
+    % \donoderef, because we include the current node name in the toc
+    % entry, and \donoderef resets it to empty.
+    \writetocentry{\toctype}{#1}{#3}%
+    %
+    % For pdftex, we have to write out the node definition (aka, make
+    % the pdfdest) after any page break, but before the actual text has
+    % been typeset.  If the destination for the pdf outline is after the
+    % text, then jumping from the outline may wind up with the text not
+    % being visible, for instance under high magnification.
+    \donoderef{#2}%
+    %
+    % Typeset the actual heading.
+    \nobreak % Avoid page breaks at the interline glue.
+    \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \ptexraggedright
+          \hangindent=\wd0 \centerparametersmaybe
           \unhbox0 #1\par}%
   }%
   \nobreak\bigskip % no page break after a chapter title
   \nobreak
 }
 
-% Plain opening for unnumbered.
-\def\unnchfplain#1{\chfplain{#1}{}}
-
 % @centerchap -- centered and unnumbered.
 \let\centerparametersmaybe = \relax
-\def\centerchfplain#1{{%
-  \def\centerparametersmaybe{%
-    \advance\rightskip by 3\rightskip
-    \leftskip = \rightskip
-    \parfillskip = 0pt
-  }%
-  \chfplain{#1}{}%
-}}
+\def\centerparameters{%
+  \advance\rightskip by 3\rightskip
+  \leftskip = \rightskip
+  \parfillskip = 0pt
+}
 
-\CHAPFplain % The default
 
+% I don't think this chapter style is supported any more, so I'm not
+% updating it with the new noderef stuff.  We'll see.  --karl, 11aug03.
+%
+\def\setchapterstyle #1 {\csname CHAPF#1\endcsname}
+%
 \def\unnchfopen #1{%
 \chapoddpage {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
-                       \parindent=0pt\raggedright
-                       \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak
+                       \parindent=0pt\ptexraggedright
+                       \rmisbold #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak
 }
-
 \def\chfopen #1#2{\chapoddpage {\chapfonts
 \vbox to 3in{\vfil \hbox to\hsize{\hfil #2} \hbox to\hsize{\hfil #1} \vfil}}%
 \par\penalty 5000 %
 }
-
 \def\centerchfopen #1{%
 \chapoddpage {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
                        \parindent=0pt
-                       \hfill {\rm #1}\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak
+                       \hfill {\rmisbold #1}\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak
 }
+\def\CHAPFopen{%
+  \global\let\chapmacro=\chfopen
+  \global\let\centerchapmacro=\centerchfopen}
 
-\def\CHAPFopen{
-\global\let\chapmacro=\chfopen
-\global\let\unnumbchapmacro=\unnchfopen
-\global\let\centerchapmacro=\centerchfopen}
 
-
-% Section titles.
+% Section titles.  These macros combine the section number parts and
+% call the generic \sectionheading to do the printing.
+%
 \newskip\secheadingskip
-\def\secheadingbreak{\dobreak \secheadingskip {-1000}}
-\def\secheading#1#2#3{\sectionheading{sec}{#2.#3}{#1}}
-\def\plainsecheading#1{\sectionheading{sec}{}{#1}}
+\def\secheadingbreak{\dobreak \secheadingskip{-1000}}
 
 % Subsection titles.
-\newskip \subsecheadingskip
-\def\subsecheadingbreak{\dobreak \subsecheadingskip {-500}}
-\def\subsecheading#1#2#3#4{\sectionheading{subsec}{#2.#3.#4}{#1}}
-\def\plainsubsecheading#1{\sectionheading{subsec}{}{#1}}
+\newskip\subsecheadingskip
+\def\subsecheadingbreak{\dobreak \subsecheadingskip{-500}}
 
 % Subsubsection titles.
-\let\subsubsecheadingskip = \subsecheadingskip
-\let\subsubsecheadingbreak = \subsecheadingbreak
-\def\subsubsecheading#1#2#3#4#5{\sectionheading{subsubsec}{#2.#3.#4.#5}{#1}}
-\def\plainsubsubsecheading#1{\sectionheading{subsubsec}{}{#1}}
+\def\subsubsecheadingskip{\subsecheadingskip}
+\def\subsubsecheadingbreak{\subsecheadingbreak}
 
 
-% Print any size section title.
+% Print any size, any type, section title.
 %
-% #1 is the section type (sec/subsec/subsubsec), #2 is the section
-% number (maybe empty), #3 the text.
-\def\sectionheading#1#2#3{%
-  {%
-    \expandafter\advance\csname #1headingskip\endcsname by \parskip
-    \csname #1headingbreak\endcsname
-  }%
+% #1 is the text, #2 is the section level (sec/subsec/subsubsec), #3 is
+% the section type for xrefs (Ynumbered, Ynothing, Yappendix), #4 is the
+% section number.
+%
+\def\seckeyword{sec}
+%
+\def\sectionheading#1#2#3#4{%
   {%
     % Switch to the right set of fonts.
-    \csname #1fonts\endcsname \rm
+    \csname #2fonts\endcsname \rmisbold
+    %
+    \def\sectionlevel{#2}%
+    \def\temptype{#3}%
+    %
+    % Insert first mark before the heading break (see notes for \domark).
+    \let\prevsectiondefs=\lastsectiondefs
+    \ifx\temptype\Ynothingkeyword
+      \ifx\sectionlevel\seckeyword
+        \gdef\lastsectiondefs{\gdef\thissectionname{#1}\gdef\thissectionnum{}%
+                              \gdef\thissection{\thissectionname}}%
+      \fi
+    \else\ifx\temptype\Yomitfromtockeyword
+      % Don't redefine \thissection.
+    \else\ifx\temptype\Yappendixkeyword
+      \ifx\sectionlevel\seckeyword
+        \toks0={#1}%
+        \xdef\lastsectiondefs{%
+          \gdef\noexpand\thissectionname{\the\toks0}%
+          \gdef\noexpand\thissectionnum{#4}%
+          \gdef\noexpand\thissection{\putwordSection{} \noexpand\thissectionnum:
+                                     \noexpand\thissectionname}%
+        }%
+      \fi
+    \else
+      \ifx\sectionlevel\seckeyword
+        \toks0={#1}%
+        \xdef\lastsectiondefs{%
+          \gdef\noexpand\thissectionname{\the\toks0}%
+          \gdef\noexpand\thissectionnum{#4}%
+          \gdef\noexpand\thissection{\putwordSection{} \noexpand\thissectionnum:
+                                     \noexpand\thissectionname}%
+        }%
+      \fi
+    \fi\fi\fi
+    %
+    % Go into vertical mode.  Usually we'll already be there, but we
+    % don't want the following whatsit to end up in a preceding paragraph
+    % if the document didn't happen to have a blank line.
+    \par
+    %
+    % Output the mark.  Pass it through \safewhatsit, to take care of
+    % the preceding space.
+    \safewhatsit\domark
+    %
+    % Insert space above the heading.
+    \csname #2headingbreak\endcsname
+    %
+    % Now the second mark, after the heading break.  No break points
+    % between here and the heading.
+    \let\prevsectiondefs=\lastsectiondefs
+    \domark
     %
-    % Only insert the separating space if we have a section number.
-    \def\secnum{#2}%
-    \setbox0 = \hbox{#2\ifx\secnum\empty\else\enspace\fi}%
+    % Only insert the space after the number if we have a section number.
+    \ifx\temptype\Ynothingkeyword
+      \setbox0 = \hbox{}%
+      \def\toctype{unn}%
+      \gdef\lastsection{#1}%
+    \else\ifx\temptype\Yomitfromtockeyword
+      % for @headings -- no section number, don't include in toc,
+      % and don't redefine \lastsection.
+      \setbox0 = \hbox{}%
+      \def\toctype{omit}%
+      \let\sectionlevel=\empty
+    \else\ifx\temptype\Yappendixkeyword
+      \setbox0 = \hbox{#4\enspace}%
+      \def\toctype{app}%
+      \gdef\lastsection{#1}%
+    \else
+      \setbox0 = \hbox{#4\enspace}%
+      \def\toctype{num}%
+      \gdef\lastsection{#1}%
+    \fi\fi\fi
+    %
+    % Write the toc entry (before \donoderef).  See comments in \chapmacro.
+    \writetocentry{\toctype\sectionlevel}{#1}{#4}%
     %
-    \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \raggedright
-          \hangindent = \wd0 % zero if no section number
-          \unhbox0 #3}%
+    % Write the node reference (= pdf destination for pdftex).
+    % Again, see comments in \chapmacro.
+    \donoderef{#3}%
+    %
+    % Interline glue will be inserted when the vbox is completed.
+    % That glue will be a valid breakpoint for the page, since it'll be
+    % preceded by a whatsit (usually from the \donoderef, or from the
+    % \writetocentry if there was no node).  We don't want to allow that
+    % break, since then the whatsits could end up on page n while the
+    % section is on page n+1, thus toc/etc. are wrong.  Debian bug 276000.
+    \nobreak
+    %
+    % Output the actual section heading.
+    \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \ptexraggedright
+          \hangindent=\wd0  % zero if no section number
+          \unhbox0 #1}%
   }%
-  % Add extra space after the heading -- either a line space or a
-  % paragraph space, whichever is more.  (Some people like to set
-  % \parskip to large values for some reason.)  Don't allow stretch, though.
-  \nobreak
-  \ifdim\parskip>\normalbaselineskip
-    \kern\parskip
-  \else
-    \kern\normalbaselineskip
-  \fi
+  % Add extra space after the heading -- half of whatever came above it.
+  % Don't allow stretch, though.
+  \kern .5 \csname #2headingskip\endcsname
+  %
+  % Do not let the kern be a potential breakpoint, as it would be if it
+  % was followed by glue.
   \nobreak
+  %
+  % We'll almost certainly start a paragraph next, so don't let that
+  % glue accumulate.  (Not a breakpoint because it's preceded by a
+  % discardable item.)
+  \vskip-\parskip
+  % 
+  % This is purely so the last item on the list is a known \penalty >
+  % 10000.  This is so \startdefun can avoid allowing breakpoints after
+  % section headings.  Otherwise, it would insert a valid breakpoint between:
+  % 
+  %   @section sec-whatever
+  %   @deffn def-whatever
+  \penalty 10001
 }
 
 
@@ -4127,119 +5627,177 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \newwrite\tocfile
 
 % Write an entry to the toc file, opening it if necessary.
-% Called from @chapter, etc.  We supply {\folio} at the end of the
-% argument, which will end up as the last argument to the \...entry macro.
+% Called from @chapter, etc.
+%
+% Example usage: \writetocentry{sec}{Section Name}{\the\chapno.\the\secno}
+% We append the current node name (if any) and page number as additional
+% arguments for the \{chap,sec,...}entry macros which will eventually
+% read this.  The node name is used in the pdf outlines as the
+% destination to jump to.
 %
-% Usage: \writetocentry{chap}{The Name of The Game}{{\the\chapno}}
 % We open the .toc file for writing here instead of at @setfilename (or
 % any other fixed time) so that @contents can be anywhere in the document.
+% But if #1 is `omit', then we don't do anything.  This is used for the
+% table of contents chapter openings themselves.
 %
 \newif\iftocfileopened
+\def\omitkeyword{omit}%
+%
 \def\writetocentry#1#2#3{%
-  \iftocfileopened\else
-    \immediate\openout\tocfile = \jobname.toc
-    \global\tocfileopenedtrue
-  \fi
-  %
-  \iflinks
-    \toks0 = {#2}%
-    \edef\temp{\write\tocfile{\realbackslash #1entry{\the\toks0}#3{\folio}}}%
-    \temp
+  \edef\writetoctype{#1}%
+  \ifx\writetoctype\omitkeyword \else
+    \iftocfileopened\else
+      \immediate\openout\tocfile = \jobname.toc
+      \global\tocfileopenedtrue
+    \fi
+    %
+    \iflinks
+      {\atdummies
+       \edef\temp{%
+         \write\tocfile{@#1entry{#2}{#3}{\lastnode}{\noexpand\folio}}}%
+       \temp
+      }%
+    \fi
   \fi
   %
-  % Tell \shipout to create a page destination if we're doing pdf, which
-  % will be the target of the links in the table of contents.  We can't
-  % just do it on every page because the title pages are numbered 1 and
-  % 2 (the page numbers aren't printed), and so are the first two pages
-  % of the document.  Thus, we'd have two destinations named `1', and
-  % two named `2'.
-  \ifpdf \pdfmakepagedesttrue \fi
+  % Tell \shipout to create a pdf destination on each page, if we're
+  % writing pdf.  These are used in the table of contents.  We can't
+  % just write one on every page because the title pages are numbered
+  % 1 and 2 (the page numbers aren't printed), and so are the first
+  % two pages of the document.  Thus, we'd have two destinations named
+  % `1', and two named `2'.
+  \ifpdf \global\pdfmakepagedesttrue \fi
+}
+
+
+% These characters do not print properly in the Computer Modern roman
+% fonts, so we must take special care.  This is more or less redundant
+% with the Texinfo input format setup at the end of this file.
+% 
+\def\activecatcodes{%
+  \catcode`\"=\active
+  \catcode`\$=\active
+  \catcode`\<=\active
+  \catcode`\>=\active
+  \catcode`\\=\active
+  \catcode`\^=\active
+  \catcode`\_=\active
+  \catcode`\|=\active
+  \catcode`\~=\active
+}
+
+
+% Read the toc file, which is essentially Texinfo input.
+\def\readtocfile{%
+  \setupdatafile
+  \activecatcodes
+  \input \tocreadfilename
 }
 
 \newskip\contentsrightmargin \contentsrightmargin=1in
 \newcount\savepageno
 \newcount\lastnegativepageno \lastnegativepageno = -1
 
-% Finish up the main text and prepare to read what we've written
-% to \tocfile.
+% Prepare to read what we've written to \tocfile.
 %
 \def\startcontents#1{%
-   % If @setchapternewpage on, and @headings double, the contents should
-   % start on an odd page, unlike chapters.  Thus, we maintain
-   % \contentsalignmacro in parallel with \pagealignmacro.
-   % From: Torbjorn Granlund <tege@matematik.su.se>
-   \contentsalignmacro
-   \immediate\closeout\tocfile
-   %
-   % Don't need to put `Contents' or `Short Contents' in the headline.
-   % It is abundantly clear what they are.
-   \unnumbchapmacro{#1}\def\thischapter{}%
-   \savepageno = \pageno
-   \begingroup                  % Set up to handle contents files properly.
-      \catcode`\\=0  \catcode`\{=1  \catcode`\}=2  \catcode`\@=11
-      % We can't do this, because then an actual ^ in a section
-      % title fails, e.g., @chapter ^ -- exponentiation.  --karl, 9jul97.
-      %\catcode`\^=7 % to see ^^e4 as \"a etc. juha@piuha.ydi.vtt.fi
-      \raggedbottom             % Worry more about breakpoints than the bottom.
-      \advance\hsize by -\contentsrightmargin % Don't use the full line length.
-      %
-      % Roman numerals for page numbers.
-      \ifnum \pageno>0 \global\pageno = \lastnegativepageno \fi
+  % If @setchapternewpage on, and @headings double, the contents should
+  % start on an odd page, unlike chapters.  Thus, we maintain
+  % \contentsalignmacro in parallel with \pagealignmacro.
+  % From: Torbjorn Granlund <tege@matematik.su.se>
+  \contentsalignmacro
+  \immediate\closeout\tocfile
+  %
+  % Don't need to put `Contents' or `Short Contents' in the headline.
+  % It is abundantly clear what they are.
+  \chapmacro{#1}{Yomitfromtoc}{}%
+  %
+  \savepageno = \pageno
+  \begingroup                  % Set up to handle contents files properly.
+    \raggedbottom              % Worry more about breakpoints than the bottom.
+    \advance\hsize by -\contentsrightmargin % Don't use the full line length.
+    %
+    % Roman numerals for page numbers.
+    \ifnum \pageno>0 \global\pageno = \lastnegativepageno \fi
 }
 
+% redefined for the two-volume lispref.  We always output on
+% \jobname.toc even if this is redefined.
+% 
+\def\tocreadfilename{\jobname.toc}
 
 % Normal (long) toc.
+%
 \def\contents{%
-   \startcontents{\putwordTOC}%
-     \openin 1 \jobname.toc
-     \ifeof 1 \else
-       \closein 1
-       \input \jobname.toc
-     \fi
-     \vfill \eject
-     \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect
-     \pdfmakeoutlines
-   \endgroup
-   \lastnegativepageno = \pageno
-   \global\pageno = \savepageno
+  \startcontents{\putwordTOC}%
+    \openin 1 \tocreadfilename\space
+    \ifeof 1 \else
+      \readtocfile
+    \fi
+    \vfill \eject
+    \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect
+    \ifeof 1 \else
+      \pdfmakeoutlines
+    \fi
+    \closein 1
+  \endgroup
+  \lastnegativepageno = \pageno
+  \global\pageno = \savepageno
 }
 
 % And just the chapters.
 \def\summarycontents{%
-   \startcontents{\putwordShortTOC}%
-      %
-      \let\chapentry = \shortchapentry
-      \let\appendixentry = \shortappendixentry
-      \let\unnumbchapentry = \shortunnumberedentry
-      % We want a true roman here for the page numbers.
-      \secfonts
-      \let\rm=\shortcontrm \let\bf=\shortcontbf
-      \let\sl=\shortcontsl \let\tt=\shortconttt
-      \rm
-      \hyphenpenalty = 10000
-      \advance\baselineskip by 1pt % Open it up a little.
-      \def\secentry ##1##2##3##4{}
-      \def\subsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5{}
-      \def\subsubsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5##6{}
-      \let\unnumbsecentry = \secentry
-      \let\unnumbsubsecentry = \subsecentry
-      \let\unnumbsubsubsecentry = \subsubsecentry
-      \openin 1 \jobname.toc
-      \ifeof 1 \else
-        \closein 1
-        \input \jobname.toc
-      \fi
-     \vfill \eject
-     \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect
-   \endgroup
-   \lastnegativepageno = \pageno
-   \global\pageno = \savepageno
+  \startcontents{\putwordShortTOC}%
+    %
+    \let\numchapentry = \shortchapentry
+    \let\appentry = \shortchapentry
+    \let\unnchapentry = \shortunnchapentry
+    % We want a true roman here for the page numbers.
+    \secfonts
+    \let\rm=\shortcontrm \let\bf=\shortcontbf
+    \let\sl=\shortcontsl \let\tt=\shortconttt
+    \rm
+    \hyphenpenalty = 10000
+    \advance\baselineskip by 1pt % Open it up a little.
+    \def\numsecentry##1##2##3##4{}
+    \let\appsecentry = \numsecentry
+    \let\unnsecentry = \numsecentry
+    \let\numsubsecentry = \numsecentry
+    \let\appsubsecentry = \numsecentry
+    \let\unnsubsecentry = \numsecentry
+    \let\numsubsubsecentry = \numsecentry
+    \let\appsubsubsecentry = \numsecentry
+    \let\unnsubsubsecentry = \numsecentry
+    \openin 1 \tocreadfilename\space
+    \ifeof 1 \else
+      \readtocfile
+    \fi
+    \closein 1
+    \vfill \eject
+    \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect
+  \endgroup
+  \lastnegativepageno = \pageno
+  \global\pageno = \savepageno
 }
 \let\shortcontents = \summarycontents
 
-\ifpdf
-  \pdfcatalog{/PageMode /UseOutlines}%
-\fi
+% Typeset the label for a chapter or appendix for the short contents.
+% The arg is, e.g., `A' for an appendix, or `3' for a chapter.
+%
+\def\shortchaplabel#1{%
+  % This space should be enough, since a single number is .5em, and the
+  % widest letter (M) is 1em, at least in the Computer Modern fonts.
+  % But use \hss just in case.
+  % (This space doesn't include the extra space that gets added after
+  % the label; that gets put in by \shortchapentry above.)
+  %
+  % We'd like to right-justify chapter numbers, but that looks strange
+  % with appendix letters.  And right-justifying numbers and
+  % left-justifying letters looks strange when there is less than 10
+  % chapters.  Have to read the whole toc once to know how many chapters
+  % there are before deciding ...
+  \hbox to 1em{#1\hss}%
+}
 
 % These macros generate individual entries in the table of contents.
 % The first argument is the chapter or section name.
@@ -4247,58 +5805,46 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % The arguments in between are the chapter number, section number, ...
 
 % Chapters, in the main contents.
-\def\chapentry#1#2#3{\dochapentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#3}}
+\def\numchapentry#1#2#3#4{\dochapentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#4}}
 %
 % Chapters, in the short toc.
 % See comments in \dochapentry re vbox and related settings.
-\def\shortchapentry#1#2#3{%
-  \tocentry{\shortchaplabel{#2}\labelspace #1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#3\egroup}%
+\def\shortchapentry#1#2#3#4{%
+  \tocentry{\shortchaplabel{#2}\labelspace #1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#4\egroup}%
 }
 
 % Appendices, in the main contents.
-\def\appendixentry#1#2#3{%
-  \dochapentry{\appendixbox{\putwordAppendix{} #2}\labelspace#1}{#3}}
+% Need the word Appendix, and a fixed-size box.
 %
-% Appendices, in the short toc.
-\let\shortappendixentry = \shortchapentry
-
-% Typeset the label for a chapter or appendix for the short contents.
-% The arg is, e.g., `Appendix A' for an appendix, or `3' for a chapter.
-% We could simplify the code here by writing out an \appendixentry
-% command in the toc file for appendices, instead of using \chapentry
-% for both, but it doesn't seem worth it.
-%
-\newdimen\shortappendixwidth
+\def\appendixbox#1{%
+  % We use M since it's probably the widest letter.
+  \setbox0 = \hbox{\putwordAppendix{} M}%
+  \hbox to \wd0{\putwordAppendix{} #1\hss}}
 %
-\def\shortchaplabel#1{%
-  % This space should be enough, since a single number is .5em, and the
-  % widest letter (M) is 1em, at least in the Computer Modern fonts.
-  % But use \hss just in case.
-  % (This space doesn't include the extra space that gets added after
-  % the label; that gets put in by \shortchapentry above.)
-  \dimen0 = 1em
-  \hbox to \dimen0{#1\hss}%
-}
+\def\appentry#1#2#3#4{\dochapentry{\appendixbox{#2}\labelspace#1}{#4}}
 
 % Unnumbered chapters.
-\def\unnumbchapentry#1#2#3{\dochapentry{#1}{#3}}
-\def\shortunnumberedentry#1#2#3{\tocentry{#1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#3\egroup}}
+\def\unnchapentry#1#2#3#4{\dochapentry{#1}{#4}}
+\def\shortunnchapentry#1#2#3#4{\tocentry{#1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#4\egroup}}
 
 % Sections.
-\def\secentry#1#2#3#4{\dosecentry{#2.#3\labelspace#1}{#4}}
-\def\unnumbsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosecentry{#1}{#4}}
+\def\numsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosecentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#4}}
+\let\appsecentry=\numsecentry
+\def\unnsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosecentry{#1}{#4}}
 
 % Subsections.
-\def\subsecentry#1#2#3#4#5{\dosubsecentry{#2.#3.#4\labelspace#1}{#5}}
-\def\unnumbsubsecentry#1#2#3#4#5{\dosubsecentry{#1}{#5}}
+\def\numsubsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosubsecentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#4}}
+\let\appsubsecentry=\numsubsecentry
+\def\unnsubsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosubsecentry{#1}{#4}}
 
 % And subsubsections.
-\def\subsubsecentry#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
-  \dosubsubsecentry{#2.#3.#4.#5\labelspace#1}{#6}}
-\def\unnumbsubsubsecentry#1#2#3#4#5#6{\dosubsubsecentry{#1}{#6}}
+\def\numsubsubsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosubsubsecentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#4}}
+\let\appsubsubsecentry=\numsubsubsecentry
+\def\unnsubsubsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosubsubsecentry{#1}{#4}}
 
 % This parameter controls the indentation of the various levels.
-\newdimen\tocindent \tocindent = 3pc
+% Same as \defaultparindent.
+\newdimen\tocindent \tocindent = 15pt
 
 % Now for the actual typesetting. In all these, #1 is the text and #2 is the
 % page number.
@@ -4329,17 +5875,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}%
 \endgroup}
 
-% Final typesetting of a toc entry; we use the same \entry macro as for
-% the index entries, but we want to suppress hyphenation here.  (We
-% can't do that in the \entry macro, since index entries might consist
-% of hyphenated-identifiers-that-do-not-fit-on-a-line-and-nothing-else.)
-\def\tocentry#1#2{\begingroup
-  \vskip 0pt plus1pt % allow a little stretch for the sake of nice page breaks
-  % Do not use \turnoffactive in these arguments.  Since the toc is
-  % typeset in cmr, characters such as _ would come out wrong; we
-  % have to do the usual translation tricks.
-  \entry{#1}{#2}%
-\endgroup}
+% We use the same \entry macro as for the index entries.
+\let\tocentry = \entry
 
 % Space between chapter (or whatever) number and the title.
 \def\labelspace{\hskip1em \relax}
@@ -4349,62 +5886,30 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 \def\chapentryfonts{\secfonts \rm}
 \def\secentryfonts{\textfonts}
-\let\subsecentryfonts = \textfonts
-\let\subsubsecentryfonts = \textfonts
+\def\subsecentryfonts{\textfonts}
+\def\subsubsecentryfonts{\textfonts}
 
 
 \message{environments,}
 % @foo ... @end foo.
 
-% @point{}, @result{}, @expansion{}, @print{}, @equiv{}.
-% 
-% Since these characters are used in examples, it should be an even number of
-% \tt widths. Each \tt character is 1en, so two makes it 1em.
-%
-\def\point{$\star$}
-\def\result{\leavevmode\raise.15ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\Rightarrow$\hfil}}
-\def\expansion{\leavevmode\raise.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\mapsto$\hfil}}
-\def\print{\leavevmode\lower.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\dashv$\hfil}}
-\def\equiv{\leavevmode\lower.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\ptexequiv$\hfil}}
-
-% The @error{} command.
-% Adapted from the TeXbook's \boxit.
-% 
-\newbox\errorbox
-%
-{\tentt \global\dimen0 = 3em}% Width of the box.
-\dimen2 = .55pt % Thickness of rules
-% The text. (`r' is open on the right, `e' somewhat less so on the left.)
-\setbox0 = \hbox{\kern-.75pt \tensf error\kern-1.5pt}
-%
-\global\setbox\errorbox=\hbox to \dimen0{\hfil
-   \hsize = \dimen0 \advance\hsize by -5.8pt % Space to left+right.
-   \advance\hsize by -2\dimen2 % Rules.
-   \vbox{
-      \hrule height\dimen2
-      \hbox{\vrule width\dimen2 \kern3pt          % Space to left of text.
-         \vtop{\kern2.4pt \box0 \kern2.4pt}% Space above/below.
-         \kern3pt\vrule width\dimen2}% Space to right.
-      \hrule height\dimen2}
-    \hfil}
-%
-\def\error{\leavevmode\lower.7ex\copy\errorbox}
-
 % @tex ... @end tex    escapes into raw Tex temporarily.
 % One exception: @ is still an escape character, so that @end tex works.
 % But \@ or @@ will get a plain tex @ character.
 
-\def\tex{\begingroup
+\envdef\tex{%
+  \setupmarkupstyle{tex}%
   \catcode `\\=0 \catcode `\{=1 \catcode `\}=2
   \catcode `\$=3 \catcode `\&=4 \catcode `\#=6
   \catcode `\^=7 \catcode `\_=8 \catcode `\~=\active \let~=\tie
   \catcode `\%=14
   \catcode `\+=\other
   \catcode `\"=\other
-  \catcode `\==\other
   \catcode `\|=\other
   \catcode `\<=\other
   \catcode `\>=\other
+  \catcode`\`=\other
+  \catcode`\'=\other
   \escapechar=`\\
   %
   \let\b=\ptexb
@@ -4416,19 +5921,25 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \let\equiv=\ptexequiv
   \let\!=\ptexexclam
   \let\i=\ptexi
+  \let\indent=\ptexindent
+  \let\noindent=\ptexnoindent
   \let\{=\ptexlbrace
   \let\+=\tabalign
   \let\}=\ptexrbrace
+  \let\/=\ptexslash
   \let\*=\ptexstar
   \let\t=\ptext
+  \expandafter \let\csname top\endcsname=\ptextop  % outer
+  \let\frenchspacing=\plainfrenchspacing
   %
   \def\endldots{\mathinner{\ldots\ldots\ldots\ldots}}%
   \def\enddots{\relax\ifmmode\endldots\else$\mathsurround=0pt \endldots\,$\fi}%
   \def\@{@}%
-\let\Etex=\endgroup}
+}
+% There is no need to define \Etex.
 
 % Define @lisp ... @end lisp.
-% @lisp does a \begingroup so it can rebind things,
+% @lisp environment forms a group so it can rebind things,
 % including the definition of @end lisp (which normally is erroneous).
 
 % Amount to narrow the margins by for @lisp.
@@ -4439,19 +5950,6 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % have any width.
 \def\lisppar{\null\endgraf}
 
-% Make each space character in the input produce a normal interword
-% space in the output.  Don't allow a line break at this space, as this
-% is used only in environments like @example, where each line of input
-% should produce a line of output anyway.
-%
-{\obeyspaces %
-\gdef\sepspaces{\obeyspaces\let =\tie}}
-
-% Define \obeyedspace to be our active space, whatever it is.  This is
-% for use in \parsearg.
-{\sepspaces%
-\global\let\obeyedspace= }
-
 % This space is always present above and below environments.
 \newskip\envskipamount \envskipamount = 0pt
 
@@ -4461,7 +5959,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % start of the next paragraph will insert \parskip.
 %
 \def\aboveenvbreak{{%
-  % =10000 instead of <10000 because of a special case in \itemzzz, q.v.
+  % =10000 instead of <10000 because of a special case in \itemzzz and
+  % \sectionheading, q.v.
   \ifnum \lastpenalty=10000 \else
     \advance\envskipamount by \parskip
     \endgraf
@@ -4469,7 +5968,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
       \removelastskip
       % it's not a good place to break if the last penalty was \nobreak
       % or better ...
-      \ifnum\lastpenalty>10000 \else \penalty-50 \fi
+      \ifnum\lastpenalty<10000 \penalty-50 \fi
       \vskip\envskipamount
     \fi
   \fi
@@ -4477,7 +5976,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 \let\afterenvbreak = \aboveenvbreak
 
-% \nonarrowing is a flag.  If "set", @lisp etc don't narrow margins.
+% \nonarrowing is a flag.  If "set", @lisp etc don't narrow margins; it will
+% also clear it, so that its embedded environments do the narrowing again.
 \let\nonarrowing=\relax
 
 % @cartouche ... @end cartouche: draw rectangle w/rounded corners around
@@ -4501,174 +6001,256 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %
 \newskip\lskip\newskip\rskip
 
-\def\cartouche{%
-\par  % can't be in the midst of a paragraph.
-\begingroup
-        \lskip=\leftskip \rskip=\rightskip
-        \leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt %we want these *outside*.
-        \cartinner=\hsize \advance\cartinner by-\lskip
-                          \advance\cartinner by-\rskip
-        \cartouter=\hsize
-        \advance\cartouter by 18.4pt % allow for 3pt kerns on either
-%                                    side, and for 6pt waste from
-%                                    each corner char, and rule thickness
-        \normbskip=\baselineskip \normpskip=\parskip \normlskip=\lineskip
-        % Flag to tell @lisp, etc., not to narrow margin.
-        \let\nonarrowing=\comment
-        \vbox\bgroup
-                \baselineskip=0pt\parskip=0pt\lineskip=0pt
-                \carttop
-                \hbox\bgroup
-                        \hskip\lskip
-                        \vrule\kern3pt
-                        \vbox\bgroup
-                                \hsize=\cartinner
-                                \kern3pt
-                                \begingroup
-                                        \baselineskip=\normbskip
-                                        \lineskip=\normlskip
-                                        \parskip=\normpskip
-                                        \vskip -\parskip
+\envdef\cartouche{%
+  \ifhmode\par\fi  % can't be in the midst of a paragraph.
+  \startsavinginserts
+  \lskip=\leftskip \rskip=\rightskip
+  \leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt % we want these *outside*.
+  \cartinner=\hsize \advance\cartinner by-\lskip
+  \advance\cartinner by-\rskip
+  \cartouter=\hsize
+  \advance\cartouter by 18.4pt	% allow for 3pt kerns on either
+				% side, and for 6pt waste from
+				% each corner char, and rule thickness
+  \normbskip=\baselineskip \normpskip=\parskip \normlskip=\lineskip
+  % Flag to tell @lisp, etc., not to narrow margin.
+  \let\nonarrowing = t%
+  \vbox\bgroup
+      \baselineskip=0pt\parskip=0pt\lineskip=0pt
+      \carttop
+      \hbox\bgroup
+	  \hskip\lskip
+	  \vrule\kern3pt
+	  \vbox\bgroup
+	      \kern3pt
+	      \hsize=\cartinner
+	      \baselineskip=\normbskip
+	      \lineskip=\normlskip
+	      \parskip=\normpskip
+	      \vskip -\parskip
+	      \comment % For explanation, see the end of \def\group.
+}
 \def\Ecartouche{%
-                                \endgroup
-                                \kern3pt
-                        \egroup
-                        \kern3pt\vrule
-                        \hskip\rskip
-                \egroup
-                \cartbot
-        \egroup
-\endgroup
-}}
+              \ifhmode\par\fi
+	      \kern3pt
+	  \egroup
+	  \kern3pt\vrule
+	  \hskip\rskip
+      \egroup
+      \cartbot
+  \egroup
+  \checkinserts
+}
 
 
 % This macro is called at the beginning of all the @example variants,
 % inside a group.
+\newdimen\nonfillparindent
 \def\nonfillstart{%
   \aboveenvbreak
-  \inENV % This group ends at the end of the body
   \hfuzz = 12pt % Don't be fussy
   \sepspaces % Make spaces be word-separators rather than space tokens.
   \let\par = \lisppar % don't ignore blank lines
   \obeylines % each line of input is a line of output
   \parskip = 0pt
+  % Turn off paragraph indentation but redefine \indent to emulate
+  % the normal \indent.
+  \nonfillparindent=\parindent
   \parindent = 0pt
+  \let\indent\nonfillindent
+  %
   \emergencystretch = 0pt % don't try to avoid overfull boxes
-  % @cartouche defines \nonarrowing to inhibit narrowing
-  % at next level down.
   \ifx\nonarrowing\relax
     \advance \leftskip by \lispnarrowing
     \exdentamount=\lispnarrowing
-    \let\exdent=\nofillexdent
-    \let\nonarrowing=\relax
+  \else
+    \let\nonarrowing = \relax
   \fi
+  \let\exdent=\nofillexdent
 }
 
-% Define the \E... control sequence only if we are inside the particular
-% environment, so the error checking in \end will work.
-%
-% To end an @example-like environment, we first end the paragraph (via
-% \afterenvbreak's vertical glue), and then the group.  That way we keep
-% the zero \parskip that the environments set -- \parskip glue will be
-% inserted at the beginning of the next paragraph in the document, after
-% the environment.
-%
-\def\nonfillfinish{\afterenvbreak\endgroup}
+\begingroup
+\obeyspaces
+% We want to swallow spaces (but not other tokens) after the fake
+% @indent in our nonfill-environments, where spaces are normally
+% active and set to @tie, resulting in them not being ignored after
+% @indent.
+\gdef\nonfillindent{\futurelet\temp\nonfillindentcheck}%
+\gdef\nonfillindentcheck{%
+\ifx\temp %
+\expandafter\nonfillindentgobble%
+\else%
+\leavevmode\nonfillindentbox%
+\fi%
+}%
+\endgroup
+\def\nonfillindentgobble#1{\nonfillindent}
+\def\nonfillindentbox{\hbox to \nonfillparindent{\hss}}
+
+% If you want all examples etc. small: @set dispenvsize small.
+% If you want even small examples the full size: @set dispenvsize nosmall.
+% This affects the following displayed environments:
+%    @example, @display, @format, @lisp
+%
+\def\smallword{small}
+\def\nosmallword{nosmall}
+\let\SETdispenvsize\relax
+\def\setnormaldispenv{%
+  \ifx\SETdispenvsize\smallword
+    % end paragraph for sake of leading, in case document has no blank
+    % line.  This is redundant with what happens in \aboveenvbreak, but
+    % we need to do it before changing the fonts, and it's inconvenient
+    % to change the fonts afterward.
+    \ifnum \lastpenalty=10000 \else \endgraf \fi
+    \smallexamplefonts \rm
+  \fi
+}
+\def\setsmalldispenv{%
+  \ifx\SETdispenvsize\nosmallword
+  \else
+    \ifnum \lastpenalty=10000 \else \endgraf \fi
+    \smallexamplefonts \rm
+  \fi
+}
 
-% @lisp: indented, narrowed, typewriter font.
-\def\lisp{\begingroup
-  \nonfillstart
-  \let\Elisp = \nonfillfinish
-  \tt
-  \let\kbdfont = \kbdexamplefont % Allow @kbd to do something special.
-  \gobble       % eat return
+% We often define two environments, @foo and @smallfoo.
+% Let's do it by one command:
+\def\makedispenv #1#2{
+  \expandafter\envdef\csname#1\endcsname {\setnormaldispenv #2}
+  \expandafter\envdef\csname small#1\endcsname {\setsmalldispenv #2}
+  \expandafter\let\csname E#1\endcsname \afterenvbreak
+  \expandafter\let\csname Esmall#1\endcsname \afterenvbreak
 }
 
-% @example: Same as @lisp.
-\def\example{\begingroup \def\Eexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp}
+% Define two synonyms:
+\def\maketwodispenvs #1#2#3{
+  \makedispenv{#1}{#3}
+  \makedispenv{#2}{#3}
+}
 
+% @lisp: indented, narrowed, typewriter font; @example: same as @lisp.
+%
 % @smallexample and @smalllisp: use smaller fonts.
 % Originally contributed by Pavel@xerox.
-\def\smalllisp{\begingroup
-  \def\Esmalllisp{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
-  \def\Esmallexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
-  \smallexamplefonts
-  \lisp
-}
-\let\smallexample = \smalllisp
-
-
-% @display: same as @lisp except keep current font.
 %
-\def\display{\begingroup
+\maketwodispenvs {lisp}{example}{%
   \nonfillstart
-  \let\Edisplay = \nonfillfinish
-  \gobble
+  \tt\setupmarkupstyle{example}%
+  \let\kbdfont = \kbdexamplefont % Allow @kbd to do something special.
+  \gobble       % eat return
 }
+% @display/@smalldisplay: same as @lisp except keep current font.
 %
-% @smalldisplay: @display plus smaller fonts.
-%
-\def\smalldisplay{\begingroup
-  \def\Esmalldisplay{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
-  \smallexamplefonts \rm
-  \display
+\makedispenv {display}{%
+  \nonfillstart
+  \gobble
 }
 
-% @format: same as @display except don't narrow margins.
+% @format/@smallformat: same as @display except don't narrow margins.
 %
-\def\format{\begingroup
-  \let\nonarrowing = t
+\makedispenv{format}{%
+  \let\nonarrowing = t%
   \nonfillstart
-  \let\Eformat = \nonfillfinish
   \gobble
 }
-%
-% @smallformat: @format plus smaller fonts.
-%
-\def\smallformat{\begingroup
-  \def\Esmallformat{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
-  \smallexamplefonts \rm
-  \format
-}
 
-% @flushleft (same as @format).
-%
-\def\flushleft{\begingroup \def\Eflushleft{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\format}
+% @flushleft: same as @format, but doesn't obey \SETdispenvsize.
+\envdef\flushleft{%
+  \let\nonarrowing = t%
+  \nonfillstart
+  \gobble
+}
+\let\Eflushleft = \afterenvbreak
 
 % @flushright.
 %
-\def\flushright{\begingroup
-  \let\nonarrowing = t
+\envdef\flushright{%
+  \let\nonarrowing = t%
   \nonfillstart
-  \let\Eflushright = \nonfillfinish
   \advance\leftskip by 0pt plus 1fill
   \gobble
 }
+\let\Eflushright = \afterenvbreak
+
+
+% @raggedright does more-or-less normal line breaking but no right
+% justification.  From plain.tex.
+\envdef\raggedright{%
+  \rightskip0pt plus2em \spaceskip.3333em \xspaceskip.5em\relax
+}
+\let\Eraggedright\par
+
+\envdef\raggedleft{%
+  \parindent=0pt \leftskip0pt plus2em
+  \spaceskip.3333em \xspaceskip.5em \parfillskip=0pt
+  \hbadness=10000 % Last line will usually be underfull, so turn off
+                  % badness reporting.
+}
+\let\Eraggedleft\par
+
+\envdef\raggedcenter{%
+  \parindent=0pt \rightskip0pt plus1em \leftskip0pt plus1em
+  \spaceskip.3333em \xspaceskip.5em \parfillskip=0pt
+  \hbadness=10000 % Last line will usually be underfull, so turn off
+                  % badness reporting.
+}
+\let\Eraggedcenter\par
 
 
 % @quotation does normal linebreaking (hence we can't use \nonfillstart)
-% and narrows the margins.
+% and narrows the margins.  We keep \parskip nonzero in general, since
+% we're doing normal filling.  So, when using \aboveenvbreak and
+% \afterenvbreak, temporarily make \parskip 0.
 %
-\def\quotation{%
-  \begingroup\inENV %This group ends at the end of the @quotation body
+\def\quotationstart{%
   {\parskip=0pt \aboveenvbreak}% because \aboveenvbreak inserts \parskip
   \parindent=0pt
-  % We have retained a nonzero parskip for the environment, since we're
-  % doing normal filling. So to avoid extra space below the environment...
-  \def\Equotation{\parskip = 0pt \nonfillfinish}%
   %
   % @cartouche defines \nonarrowing to inhibit narrowing at next level down.
   \ifx\nonarrowing\relax
     \advance\leftskip by \lispnarrowing
     \advance\rightskip by \lispnarrowing
     \exdentamount = \lispnarrowing
+  \else
     \let\nonarrowing = \relax
   \fi
+  \parsearg\quotationlabel
+}
+
+\envdef\quotation{%
+  \setnormaldispenv
+  \quotationstart
+}
+
+\envdef\smallquotation{%
+  \setsmalldispenv
+  \quotationstart
+}
+\let\Esmallquotation = \Equotation
+
+% We have retained a nonzero parskip for the environment, since we're
+% doing normal filling.
+%
+\def\Equotation{%
+  \par
+  \ifx\quotationauthor\undefined\else
+    % indent a bit.
+    \leftline{\kern 2\leftskip \sl ---\quotationauthor}%
+  \fi
+  {\parskip=0pt \afterenvbreak}%
+}
+
+% If we're given an argument, typeset it in bold with a colon after.
+\def\quotationlabel#1{%
+  \def\temp{#1}%
+  \ifx\temp\empty \else
+    {\bf #1: }%
+  \fi
 }
 
 
 % LaTeX-like @verbatim...@end verbatim and @verb{<char>...<char>}
-% If we want to allow any <char> as delimiter, 
+% If we want to allow any <char> as delimiter,
 % we need the curly braces so that makeinfo sees the @verb command, eg:
 % `@verbx...x' would look like the '@verbx' command.  --janneke@gnu.org
 %
@@ -4681,17 +6263,15 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \do\ \do\\\do\{\do\}\do\$\do\&%
   \do\#\do\^\do\^^K\do\_\do\^^A\do\%\do\~%
   \do\<\do\>\do\|\do\@\do+\do\"%
+  % Don't do the quotes -- if we do, @set txicodequoteundirected and
+  % @set txicodequotebacktick will not have effect on @verb and
+  % @verbatim, and ?` and !` ligatures won't get disabled.
+  %\do\`\do\'%
 }
 %
 % [Knuth] p. 380
 \def\uncatcodespecials{%
-  \def\do##1{\catcode`##1=12}\dospecials}
-%
-% [Knuth] pp. 380,381,391
-% Disable Spanish ligatures ?` and !` of \tt font
-\begingroup
-  \catcode`\`=\active\gdef`{\relax\lq}
-\endgroup
+  \def\do##1{\catcode`##1=\other}\dospecials}
 %
 % Setup for the @verb command.
 %
@@ -4704,7 +6284,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\setupverb{%
   \tt  % easiest (and conventionally used) font for verbatim
   \def\par{\leavevmode\endgraf}%
-  \catcode`\`=\active
+  \setupmarkupstyle{verb}%
   \tabeightspaces
   % Respect line breaks,
   % print special symbols as themselves, and
@@ -4719,6 +6299,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \newdimen\tabw \setbox0=\hbox{\tt\space} \tabw=8\wd0 % tab amount
 %
 \def\starttabbox{\setbox0=\hbox\bgroup}
+%
 \begingroup
   \catcode`\^^I=\active
   \gdef\tabexpand{%
@@ -4732,12 +6313,16 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
     }%
   }
 \endgroup
+
+% start the verbatim environment.
 \def\setupverbatim{%
+  \let\nonarrowing = t%
+  \nonfillstart
   % Easiest (and conventionally used) font for verbatim
   \tt
   \def\par{\leavevmode\egroup\box0\endgraf}%
-  \catcode`\`=\active
   \tabexpand
+  \setupmarkupstyle{verbatim}%
   % Respect line breaks,
   % print special symbols as themselves, and
   % make each space count
@@ -4746,15 +6331,15 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \everypar{\starttabbox}%
 }
 
-% Do the @verb magic: verbatim text is quoted by unique 
-% delimiter characters.  Before first delimiter expect a 
+% Do the @verb magic: verbatim text is quoted by unique
+% delimiter characters.  Before first delimiter expect a
 % right brace, after last delimiter expect closing brace:
 %
 %    \def\doverb'{'<char>#1<char>'}'{#1}
 %
 % [Knuth] p. 382; only eat outer {}
 \begingroup
-  \catcode`[=1\catcode`]=2\catcode`\{=12\catcode`\}=12
+  \catcode`[=1\catcode`]=2\catcode`\{=\other\catcode`\}=\other
   \gdef\doverb{#1[\def\next##1#1}[##1\endgroup]\next]
 \endgroup
 %
@@ -4766,18 +6351,11 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %
 %     \def\doverbatim#1@end verbatim{#1}
 %
-% For Texinfo it's a lot easier than for LaTeX, 
+% For Texinfo it's a lot easier than for LaTeX,
 % because texinfo's \verbatim doesn't stop at '\end{verbatim}':
 % we need not redefine '\', '{' and '}'.
 %
 % Inspired by LaTeX's verbatim command set [latex.ltx]
-%% Include LaTeX hack for completeness -- never know
-%% \begingroup
-%% \catcode`|=0 \catcode`[=1
-%% \catcode`]=2\catcode`\{=12\catcode`\}=12\catcode`\ =\active
-%% \catcode`\\=12|gdef|doverbatim#1@end verbatim[
-%% #1|endgroup|def|Everbatim[]|end[verbatim]]
-%% |endgroup
 %
 \begingroup
   \catcode`\ =\active
@@ -4785,697 +6363,394 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   % ignore everything up to the first ^^M, that's the newline at the end
   % of the @verbatim input line itself.  Otherwise we get an extra blank
   % line in the output.
-  \gdef\doverbatim#1^^M#2@end verbatim{#2\end{verbatim}}%
+  \xdef\doverbatim#1^^M#2@end verbatim{#2\noexpand\end\gobble verbatim}%
+  % We really want {...\end verbatim} in the body of the macro, but
+  % without the active space; thus we have to use \xdef and \gobble.
 \endgroup
 %
-\def\verbatim{%
-  \def\Everbatim{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
-  \begingroup
-    \nonfillstart
-    \advance\leftskip by -\defbodyindent
-    \begingroup\setupverbatim\doverbatim
+\envdef\verbatim{%
+    \setupverbatim\doverbatim
 }
+\let\Everbatim = \afterenvbreak
+
 
 % @verbatiminclude FILE - insert text of file in verbatim environment.
 %
-% Allow normal characters that we make active in the argument (a file name).
-\def\verbatiminclude{%
-  \begingroup
-    \catcode`\\=\other
-    \catcode`~=\other
-    \catcode`^=\other
-    \catcode`_=\other
-    \catcode`|=\other
-    \catcode`<=\other
-    \catcode`>=\other
-    \catcode`+=\other
-    \parsearg\doverbatiminclude
-}
-\def\setupverbatiminclude{%
-  \begingroup
-    \nonfillstart
-    \advance\leftskip by -\defbodyindent
-    \begingroup\setupverbatim
-}
+\def\verbatiminclude{\parseargusing\filenamecatcodes\doverbatiminclude}
 %
 \def\doverbatiminclude#1{%
-     % Restore active chars for included file.
-  \endgroup
-  \begingroup
-    \let\value=\expandablevalue
-    \def\thisfile{#1}%
-    \expandafter\expandafter\setupverbatiminclude\input\thisfile
-  \endgroup
-  \nonfillfinish
-  \endgroup
+  {%
+    \makevalueexpandable
+    \setupverbatim
+    \indexnofonts       % Allow `@@' and other weird things in file names.
+    \input #1
+    \afterenvbreak
+  }%
 }
 
 % @copying ... @end copying.
-% Save the text away for @insertcopying later.  Many commands won't be
-% allowed in this context, but that's ok.
-% 
+% Save the text away for @insertcopying later.
+%
 % We save the uninterpreted tokens, rather than creating a box.
 % Saving the text in a box would be much easier, but then all the
 % typesetting commands (@smallbook, font changes, etc.) have to be done
 % beforehand -- and a) we want @copying to be done first in the source
 % file; b) letting users define the frontmatter in as flexible order as
 % possible is very desirable.
-% 
-\def\copying{\begingroup
-  % Define a command to swallow text until we reach `@end copying'.
-  % \ is the escape char in this texinfo.tex file, so it is the
-  % delimiter for the command; @ will be the escape char when we read
-  % it, but that doesn't matter.
-  \long\def\docopying##1\end copying{\gdef\copyingtext{##1}\enddocopying}%
-  %
-  % We must preserve ^^M's in the input file; see \insertcopying below.
-  \catcode`\^^M = \active
-  \docopying
-}
-
-% What we do to finish off the copying text.
 %
-\def\enddocopying{\endgroup\ignorespaces}
-
-% @insertcopying.  Here we must play games with ^^M's.  On the one hand,
-% we need them to delimit commands such as `@end quotation', so they
-% must be active.  On the other hand, we certainly don't want every
-% end-of-line to be a \par, as would happen with the normal active
-% definition of ^^M.  On the third hand, two ^^M's in a row should still
-% generate a \par.
-% 
-% Our approach is to make ^^M insert a space and a penalty1 normally;
-% then it can also check if \lastpenalty=1.  If it does, then manually
-% do \par.
-% 
-% This messes up the normal definitions of @c[omment], so we redefine
-% it.  Similarly for @ignore.  (These commands are used in the gcc
-% manual for man page generation.)
-% 
-% Seems pretty fragile, most line-oriented commands will presumably
-% fail, but for the limited use of getting the copying text (which
-% should be quite simple) inserted, we can hope it's ok.
-%
-{\catcode`\^^M=\active %
-\gdef\insertcopying{\begingroup %
-  \parindent = 0pt  % looks wrong on title page
-  \def^^M{%
-    \ifnum \lastpenalty=1 %
-      \par %
-    \else %
-      \space \penalty 1 %
-    \fi %
-  }%
-  %
-  % Fix @c[omment] for catcode 13 ^^M's.
-  \def\c##1^^M{\ignorespaces}%
-  \let\comment = \c %
-  %
-  % Don't bother jumping through all the hoops that \doignore does, it
-  % would be very hard since the catcodes are already set.
-  \long\def\ignore##1\end ignore{\ignorespaces}%
-  %
-  \copyingtext %
-\endgroup}%
+\def\copying{\checkenv{}\begingroup\scanargctxt\docopying}
+\def\docopying#1@end copying{\endgroup\def\copyingtext{#1}}
+%
+\def\insertcopying{%
+  \begingroup
+    \parindent = 0pt  % paragraph indentation looks wrong on title page
+    \scanexp\copyingtext
+  \endgroup
 }
 
+
 \message{defuns,}
 % @defun etc.
 
-% Allow user to change definition object font (\df) internally
-\def\setdeffont#1 {\csname DEF#1\endcsname}
-
 \newskip\defbodyindent \defbodyindent=.4in
 \newskip\defargsindent \defargsindent=50pt
 \newskip\deflastargmargin \deflastargmargin=18pt
-
-\newcount\parencount
-
-% We want ()&[] to print specially on the defun line.
-% 
-\def\activeparens{%
-  \catcode`\(=\active \catcode`\)=\active
-  \catcode`\&=\active
-  \catcode`\[=\active \catcode`\]=\active
-}
-
-% Make control sequences which act like normal parenthesis chars.
-\let\lparen = ( \let\rparen = )
-
-{\activeparens % Now, smart parens don't turn on until &foo (see \amprm)
-
-% Be sure that we always have a definition for `(', etc.  For example,
-% if the fn name has parens in it, \boldbrax will not be in effect yet,
-% so TeX would otherwise complain about undefined control sequence.
-\global\let(=\lparen \global\let)=\rparen
-\global\let[=\lbrack \global\let]=\rbrack
-
-\gdef\functionparens{\boldbrax\let&=\amprm\parencount=0 }
-\gdef\boldbrax{\let(=\opnr\let)=\clnr\let[=\lbrb\let]=\rbrb}
-% This is used to turn on special parens
-% but make & act ordinary (given that it's active).
-\gdef\boldbraxnoamp{\let(=\opnr\let)=\clnr\let[=\lbrb\let]=\rbrb\let&=\ampnr}
-
-% Definitions of (, ) and & used in args for functions.
-% This is the definition of ( outside of all parentheses.
-\gdef\oprm#1 {{\rm\char`\(}#1 \bf \let(=\opnested
-  \global\advance\parencount by 1
-}
-%
-% This is the definition of ( when already inside a level of parens.
-\gdef\opnested{\char`\(\global\advance\parencount by 1 }
-%
-\gdef\clrm{% Print a paren in roman if it is taking us back to depth of 0.
-  % also in that case restore the outer-level definition of (.
-  \ifnum \parencount=1 {\rm \char `\)}\sl \let(=\oprm \else \char `\) \fi
-  \global\advance \parencount by -1 }
-% If we encounter &foo, then turn on ()-hacking afterwards
-\gdef\amprm#1 {{\rm\&#1}\let(=\oprm \let)=\clrm\ }
-%
-\gdef\normalparens{\boldbrax\let&=\ampnr}
-} % End of definition inside \activeparens
-%% These parens (in \boldbrax) actually are a little bolder than the
-%% contained text.  This is especially needed for [ and ]
-\def\opnr{{\sf\char`\(}\global\advance\parencount by 1 }
-\def\clnr{{\sf\char`\)}\global\advance\parencount by -1 }
-\let\ampnr = \&
-\def\lbrb{{\bf\char`\[}}
-\def\rbrb{{\bf\char`\]}}
-
-% Active &'s sneak into the index arguments, so make sure it's defined.
-{
-  \catcode`& = \active
-  \global\let& = \ampnr
-}
-
-% \defname, which formats the name of the @def (not the args).
-% #1 is the function name.
-% #2 is the type of definition, such as "Function".
-%
-\def\defname#1#2{%
-  % How we'll output the type name.  Putting it in brackets helps
-  % distinguish it from the body text that may end up on the next line
-  % just below it.
-  \ifempty{#2}%
-    \def\defnametype{}%
+\newcount\defunpenalty
+
+% Start the processing of @deffn:
+\def\startdefun{%
+  \ifnum\lastpenalty<10000
+    \medbreak
+    \defunpenalty=10003 % Will keep this @deffn together with the
+                        % following @def command, see below.
   \else
-    \def\defnametype{[\rm #2]}%
+    % If there are two @def commands in a row, we'll have a \nobreak,
+    % which is there to keep the function description together with its
+    % header.  But if there's nothing but headers, we need to allow a
+    % break somewhere.  Check specifically for penalty 10002, inserted
+    % by \printdefunline, instead of 10000, since the sectioning
+    % commands also insert a nobreak penalty, and we don't want to allow
+    % a break between a section heading and a defun.
+    %
+    % As a minor refinement, we avoid "club" headers by signalling
+    % with penalty of 10003 after the very first @deffn in the
+    % sequence (see above), and penalty of 10002 after any following
+    % @def command.
+    \ifnum\lastpenalty=10002 \penalty2000 \else \defunpenalty=10002 \fi
+    %
+    % Similarly, after a section heading, do not allow a break.
+    % But do insert the glue.
+    \medskip  % preceded by discardable penalty, so not a breakpoint
   \fi
   %
-  % Get the values of \leftskip and \rightskip as they were outside the @def...
-  \dimen2=\leftskip
-  \advance\dimen2 by -\defbodyindent
-  %
-  % Figure out values for the paragraph shape.
-  \setbox0=\hbox{\hskip \deflastargmargin{\defnametype}}%
-  \dimen0=\hsize \advance \dimen0 by -\wd0  % compute size for first line
-  \dimen1=\hsize \advance \dimen1 by -\defargsindent  % size for continuations
-  \parshape 2 0in \dimen0 \defargsindent \dimen1
-  %
-  % Output arg 2 ("Function" or some such) but stuck inside a box of
-  % width 0 so it does not interfere with linebreaking.
-  \noindent
-  %
-  {% Adjust \hsize to exclude the ambient margins,
-   % so that \rightline will obey them.
-   \advance \hsize by -\dimen2
-   \dimen3 = 0pt  % was -1.25pc
-   \rlap{\rightline{\defnametype\kern\dimen3}}%
-  }%
-  %
-  % Allow all lines to be underfull without complaint:
-  \tolerance=10000 \hbadness=10000
-  \advance\leftskip by -\defbodyindent
-  \exdentamount=\defbodyindent
-  {\df #1}\enskip        % output function name
-  % \defunargs will be called next to output the arguments, if any.
-}
-
-% Common pieces to start any @def...
-% #1 is the \E... control sequence to end the definition (which we define).
-% #2 is the \...x control sequence (which our caller defines).
-% #3 is the control sequence to process the header, such as \defunheader.
-% 
-\def\parsebodycommon#1#2#3{%
-  \begingroup\inENV
-  % If there are two @def commands in a row, we'll have a \nobreak,
-  % which is there to keep the function description together with its
-  % header.  But if there's nothing but headers, we want to allow a
-  % break after all.  Check for penalty 10002 (inserted by
-  % \defargscommonending) instead of 10000, since the sectioning
-  % commands insert a \penalty10000, and we don't want to allow a break
-  % between a section heading and a defun.
-  \ifnum\lastpenalty=10002 \penalty0 \fi
-  \medbreak
-  %
-  % Define the \E... end token that this defining construct specifies
-  % so that it will exit this group.
-  \def#1{\endgraf\endgroup\medbreak}%
-  %
   \parindent=0in
   \advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent
   \exdentamount=\defbodyindent
 }
 
-% Common part of the \...x definitions.
-% 
-\def\defxbodycommon{%
-  % As with \parsebodycommon above, allow line break if we have multiple
-  % x headers in a row.  It's not a great place, though.
-  \ifnum\lastpenalty=10000 \penalty1000 \fi
+\def\dodefunx#1{%
+  % First, check whether we are in the right environment:
+  \checkenv#1%
   %
-  \begingroup\obeylines
-}
-
-% Process body of @defun, @deffn, @defmac, etc.
-%
-\def\defparsebody#1#2#3{%
-  \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2{\defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit#3}%
-  \catcode\equalChar=\active
-  \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
-  \spacesplit#3%
-}
-
-% #1, #2, #3 are the common arguments (see \parsebodycommon above).
-% #4, delimited by the space, is the class name.
-%
-\def\defmethparsebody#1#2#3#4 {%
-  \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 {\defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
-  \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
-  % The \empty here prevents misinterpretation of a construct such as
-  %   @deffn {whatever} {Enharmonic comma}
-  % See comments at \deftpparsebody, although in our case we don't have
-  % to remove the \empty afterwards, since it is empty.
-  \spacesplit{#3{#4}}\empty
+  % As above, allow line break if we have multiple x headers in a row.
+  % It's not a great place, though.
+  \ifnum\lastpenalty=10002 \penalty3000 \else \defunpenalty=10002 \fi
+  %
+  % And now, it's time to reuse the body of the original defun:
+  \expandafter\gobbledefun#1%
 }
+\def\gobbledefun#1\startdefun{}
 
-% Used for @deftypemethod and @deftypeivar.
-% #1, #2, #3 are the common arguments (see \defparsebody).
-% #4, delimited by a space, is the class name.
-% #5 is the method's return type.
+% \printdefunline \deffnheader{text}
 %
-\def\deftypemethparsebody#1#2#3#4 #5 {%
-  \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 ##2 {\defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##1}{##2}}}%
-  \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
-  \spacesplit{#3{#4}{#5}}%
-}
-
-% Used for @deftypeop.  The change from \deftypemethparsebody is an
-% extra argument at the beginning which is the `category', instead of it
-% being the hardwired string `Method' or `Instance Variable'.  We have
-% to account for this both in the \...x definition and in parsing the
-% input at hand.  Thus also need a control sequence (passed as #5) for
-% the \E... definition to assign the category name to.
-% 
-\def\deftypeopparsebody#1#2#3#4#5 #6 {%
-  \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 ##2 ##3 {\def#4{##1}%
-    \defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##2}{##3}}}%
-  \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
-  \spacesplit{#3{#5}{#6}}%
+\def\printdefunline#1#2{%
+  \begingroup
+    % call \deffnheader:
+    #1#2 \endheader
+    % common ending:
+    \interlinepenalty = 10000
+    \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 1fil
+    \endgraf
+    \nobreak\vskip -\parskip
+    \penalty\defunpenalty  % signal to \startdefun and \dodefunx
+    % Some of the @defun-type tags do not enable magic parentheses,
+    % rendering the following check redundant.  But we don't optimize.
+    \checkparencounts
+  \endgroup
 }
 
-% For @defop.
-\def\defopparsebody #1#2#3#4#5 {%
-  \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 ##2 {\def#4{##1}%
-    \defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##2}}}%
-  \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
-  \spacesplit{#3{#5}}%
-}
+\def\Edefun{\endgraf\medbreak}
 
-% These parsing functions are similar to the preceding ones
-% except that they do not make parens into active characters.
-% These are used for "variables" since they have no arguments.
+% \makedefun{deffn} creates \deffn, \deffnx and \Edeffn;
+% the only thing remaining is to define \deffnheader.
 %
-\def\defvarparsebody #1#2#3{%
-  \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2{\defxbodycommon \spacesplit#3}%
-  \catcode\equalChar=\active
-  \begingroup\obeylines
-  \spacesplit#3%
-}
-
-% @defopvar.
-\def\defopvarparsebody #1#2#3#4#5 {%
-  \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 ##2 {\def#4{##1}%
-    \defxbodycommon \spacesplit{#3{##2}}}%
-  \begingroup\obeylines
-  \spacesplit{#3{#5}}%
-}
-
-\def\defvrparsebody#1#2#3#4 {%
-  \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 {\defxbodycommon \spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
-  \begingroup\obeylines
-  \spacesplit{#3{#4}}%
+\def\makedefun#1{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname E#1\endcsname = \Edefun
+  \edef\temp{\noexpand\domakedefun
+    \makecsname{#1}\makecsname{#1x}\makecsname{#1header}}%
+  \temp
 }
 
-% This loses on `@deftp {Data Type} {struct termios}' -- it thinks the
-% type is just `struct', because we lose the braces in `{struct
-% termios}' when \spacesplit reads its undelimited argument.  Sigh.
-% \let\deftpparsebody=\defvrparsebody
+% \domakedefun \deffn \deffnx \deffnheader
 %
-% So, to get around this, we put \empty in with the type name.  That
-% way, TeX won't find exactly `{...}' as an undelimited argument, and
-% won't strip off the braces.
+% Define \deffn and \deffnx, without parameters.
+% \deffnheader has to be defined explicitly.
 %
-\def\deftpparsebody #1#2#3#4 {%
-  \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 {\defxbodycommon \spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
-  \begingroup\obeylines
-  \spacesplit{\parsetpheaderline{#3{#4}}}\empty
+\def\domakedefun#1#2#3{%
+  \envdef#1{%
+    \startdefun
+    \parseargusing\activeparens{\printdefunline#3}%
+  }%
+  \def#2{\dodefunx#1}%
+  \def#3%
 }
 
-% Fine, but then we have to eventually remove the \empty *and* the
-% braces (if any).  That's what this does.
-%
-\def\removeemptybraces\empty#1\relax{#1}
+%%% Untyped functions:
 
-% After \spacesplit has done its work, this is called -- #1 is the final
-% thing to call, #2 the type name (which starts with \empty), and #3
-% (which might be empty) the arguments.
-%
-\def\parsetpheaderline#1#2#3{%
-  #1{\removeemptybraces#2\relax}{#3}%
-}%
+% @deffn category name args
+\makedefun{deffn}{\deffngeneral{}}
 
-% Split up #2 (the rest of the input line) at the first space token.
-% call #1 with two arguments:
-%  the first is all of #2 before the space token,
-%  the second is all of #2 after that space token.
-% If #2 contains no space token, all of it is passed as the first arg
-% and the second is passed as empty.
-%
-{\obeylines %
- \gdef\spacesplit#1#2^^M{\endgroup\spacesplitx{#1}#2 \relax\spacesplitx}%
- \long\gdef\spacesplitx#1#2 #3#4\spacesplitx{%
-   \ifx\relax #3%
-     #1{#2}{}%
-   \else %
-     #1{#2}{#3#4}%
-   \fi}%
-}
+% @deffn category class name args
+\makedefun{defop}#1 {\defopon{#1\ \putwordon}}
 
-% Define @defun.
+% \defopon {category on}class name args
+\def\defopon#1#2 {\deffngeneral{\putwordon\ \code{#2}}{#1\ \code{#2}} }
 
-% This is called to end the arguments processing for all the @def... commands.
+% \deffngeneral {subind}category name args
 %
-\def\defargscommonending{%
-  \interlinepenalty = 10000
-  \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 1fil
-  \endgraf
-  \nobreak\vskip -\parskip
-  \penalty 10002  % signal to \parsebodycommon.
+\def\deffngeneral#1#2 #3 #4\endheader{%
+  % Remember that \dosubind{fn}{foo}{} is equivalent to \doind{fn}{foo}.
+  \dosubind{fn}{\code{#3}}{#1}%
+  \defname{#2}{}{#3}\magicamp\defunargs{#4\unskip}%
 }
 
-% This expands the args and terminates the paragraph they comprise.
-% 
-\def\defunargs#1{\functionparens \sl
-% Expand, preventing hyphenation at `-' chars.
-% Note that groups don't affect changes in \hyphenchar.
-% Set the font temporarily and use \font in case \setfont made \tensl a macro.
-{\tensl\hyphenchar\font=0}%
-#1%
-{\tensl\hyphenchar\font=45}%
-\ifnum\parencount=0 \else \errmessage{Unbalanced parentheses in @def}\fi%
-  \defargscommonending
-}
+%%% Typed functions:
 
-\def\deftypefunargs #1{%
-% Expand, preventing hyphenation at `-' chars.
-% Note that groups don't affect changes in \hyphenchar.
-% Use \boldbraxnoamp, not \functionparens, so that & is not special.
-\boldbraxnoamp
-\tclose{#1}% avoid \code because of side effects on active chars
-  \defargscommonending
-}
+% @deftypefn category type name args
+\makedefun{deftypefn}{\deftypefngeneral{}}
 
-% Do complete processing of one @defun or @defunx line already parsed.
+% @deftypeop category class type name args
+\makedefun{deftypeop}#1 {\deftypeopon{#1\ \putwordon}}
 
-% @deffn Command forward-char nchars
+% \deftypeopon {category on}class type name args
+\def\deftypeopon#1#2 {\deftypefngeneral{\putwordon\ \code{#2}}{#1\ \code{#2}} }
 
-\def\deffn{\defmethparsebody\Edeffn\deffnx\deffnheader}
-
-\def\deffnheader #1#2#3{\doind {fn}{\code{#2}}%
-\begingroup\defname {#2}{#1}\defunargs{#3}\endgroup %
-\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+% \deftypefngeneral {subind}category type name args
+%
+\def\deftypefngeneral#1#2 #3 #4 #5\endheader{%
+  \dosubind{fn}{\code{#4}}{#1}%
+  \defname{#2}{#3}{#4}\defunargs{#5\unskip}%
 }
 
-% @defun == @deffn Function
+%%% Typed variables:
 
-\def\defun{\defparsebody\Edefun\defunx\defunheader}
-
-\def\defunheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index
-\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDeffunc}%
-\defunargs {#2}\endgroup %
-\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
-}
+% @deftypevr category type var args
+\makedefun{deftypevr}{\deftypecvgeneral{}}
 
-% @deftypefun int foobar (int @var{foo}, float @var{bar})
+% @deftypecv category class type var args
+\makedefun{deftypecv}#1 {\deftypecvof{#1\ \putwordof}}
 
-\def\deftypefun{\defparsebody\Edeftypefun\deftypefunx\deftypefunheader}
+% \deftypecvof {category of}class type var args
+\def\deftypecvof#1#2 {\deftypecvgeneral{\putwordof\ \code{#2}}{#1\ \code{#2}} }
 
-% #1 is the data type.  #2 is the name and args.
-\def\deftypefunheader #1#2{\deftypefunheaderx{#1}#2 \relax}
-% #1 is the data type, #2 the name, #3 the args.
-\def\deftypefunheaderx #1#2 #3\relax{%
-\doind {fn}{\code{#2}}% Make entry in function index
-\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#1\relax$.$#2}{\putwordDeftypefun}%
-\deftypefunargs {#3}\endgroup %
-\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+% \deftypecvgeneral {subind}category type var args
+%
+\def\deftypecvgeneral#1#2 #3 #4 #5\endheader{%
+  \dosubind{vr}{\code{#4}}{#1}%
+  \defname{#2}{#3}{#4}\defunargs{#5\unskip}%
 }
 
-% @deftypefn {Library Function} int foobar (int @var{foo}, float @var{bar})
+%%% Untyped variables:
 
-\def\deftypefn{\defmethparsebody\Edeftypefn\deftypefnx\deftypefnheader}
+% @defvr category var args
+\makedefun{defvr}#1 {\deftypevrheader{#1} {} }
 
-% \defheaderxcond#1\relax$.$
-% puts #1 in @code, followed by a space, but does nothing if #1 is null.
-\def\defheaderxcond#1#2$.${\ifx#1\relax\else\code{#1#2} \fi}
+% @defcv category class var args
+\makedefun{defcv}#1 {\defcvof{#1\ \putwordof}}
 
-% #1 is the classification.  #2 is the data type.  #3 is the name and args.
-\def\deftypefnheader #1#2#3{\deftypefnheaderx{#1}{#2}#3 \relax}
-% #1 is the classification, #2 the data type, #3 the name, #4 the args.
-\def\deftypefnheaderx #1#2#3 #4\relax{%
-\doind {fn}{\code{#3}}% Make entry in function index
-\begingroup
-\normalparens % notably, turn off `&' magic, which prevents
-%               at least some C++ text from working
-\defname {\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}{#1}%
-\deftypefunargs {#4}\endgroup %
-\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
-}
+% \defcvof {category of}class var args
+\def\defcvof#1#2 {\deftypecvof{#1}#2 {} }
 
-% @defmac == @deffn Macro
-
-\def\defmac{\defparsebody\Edefmac\defmacx\defmacheader}
-
-\def\defmacheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index
-\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefmac}%
-\defunargs {#2}\endgroup %
-\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+%%% Type:
+% @deftp category name args
+\makedefun{deftp}#1 #2 #3\endheader{%
+  \doind{tp}{\code{#2}}%
+  \defname{#1}{}{#2}\defunargs{#3\unskip}%
 }
 
-% @defspec == @deffn Special Form
-
-\def\defspec{\defparsebody\Edefspec\defspecx\defspecheader}
+% Remaining @defun-like shortcuts:
+\makedefun{defun}{\deffnheader{\putwordDeffunc} }
+\makedefun{defmac}{\deffnheader{\putwordDefmac} }
+\makedefun{defspec}{\deffnheader{\putwordDefspec} }
+\makedefun{deftypefun}{\deftypefnheader{\putwordDeffunc} }
+\makedefun{defvar}{\defvrheader{\putwordDefvar} }
+\makedefun{defopt}{\defvrheader{\putwordDefopt} }
+\makedefun{deftypevar}{\deftypevrheader{\putwordDefvar} }
+\makedefun{defmethod}{\defopon\putwordMethodon}
+\makedefun{deftypemethod}{\deftypeopon\putwordMethodon}
+\makedefun{defivar}{\defcvof\putwordInstanceVariableof}
+\makedefun{deftypeivar}{\deftypecvof\putwordInstanceVariableof}
 
-\def\defspecheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index
-\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefspec}%
-\defunargs {#2}\endgroup %
-\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
-}
-
-% @defop CATEGORY CLASS OPERATION ARG...
+% \defname, which formats the name of the @def (not the args).
+% #1 is the category, such as "Function".
+% #2 is the return type, if any.
+% #3 is the function name.
 %
-\def\defop #1 {\def\defoptype{#1}%
-\defopparsebody\Edefop\defopx\defopheader\defoptype}
+% We are followed by (but not passed) the arguments, if any.
 %
-\def\defopheader#1#2#3{%
-  \dosubind{fn}{\code{#2}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% function index entry
-  \begingroup
-    \defname{#2}{\defoptype\ \putwordon\ #1}%
-    \defunargs{#3}%
-  \endgroup
+\def\defname#1#2#3{%
+  % Get the values of \leftskip and \rightskip as they were outside the @def...
+  \advance\leftskip by -\defbodyindent
+  %
+  % How we'll format the type name.  Putting it in brackets helps
+  % distinguish it from the body text that may end up on the next line
+  % just below it.
+  \def\temp{#1}%
+  \setbox0=\hbox{\kern\deflastargmargin \ifx\temp\empty\else [\rm\temp]\fi}
+  %
+  % Figure out line sizes for the paragraph shape.
+  % The first line needs space for \box0; but if \rightskip is nonzero,
+  % we need only space for the part of \box0 which exceeds it:
+  \dimen0=\hsize  \advance\dimen0 by -\wd0  \advance\dimen0 by \rightskip
+  % The continuations:
+  \dimen2=\hsize  \advance\dimen2 by -\defargsindent
+  % (plain.tex says that \dimen1 should be used only as global.)
+  \parshape 2 0in \dimen0 \defargsindent \dimen2
+  %
+  % Put the type name to the right margin.
+  \noindent
+  \hbox to 0pt{%
+    \hfil\box0 \kern-\hsize
+    % \hsize has to be shortened this way:
+    \kern\leftskip
+    % Intentionally do not respect \rightskip, since we need the space.
+  }%
+  %
+  % Allow all lines to be underfull without complaint:
+  \tolerance=10000 \hbadness=10000
+  \exdentamount=\defbodyindent
+  {%
+    % defun fonts. We use typewriter by default (used to be bold) because:
+    % . we're printing identifiers, they should be in tt in principle.
+    % . in languages with many accents, such as Czech or French, it's
+    %   common to leave accents off identifiers.  The result looks ok in
+    %   tt, but exceedingly strange in rm.
+    % . we don't want -- and --- to be treated as ligatures.
+    % . this still does not fix the ?` and !` ligatures, but so far no
+    %   one has made identifiers using them :).
+    \df \tt
+    \def\temp{#2}% return value type
+    \ifx\temp\empty\else \tclose{\temp} \fi
+    #3% output function name
+  }%
+  {\rm\enskip}% hskip 0.5 em of \tenrm
+  %
+  \boldbrax
+  % arguments will be output next, if any.
 }
 
-% @deftypeop CATEGORY CLASS TYPE OPERATION ARG...
-%
-\def\deftypeop #1 {\def\deftypeopcategory{#1}%
-  \deftypeopparsebody\Edeftypeop\deftypeopx\deftypeopheader
-                       \deftypeopcategory}
+% Print arguments in slanted roman (not ttsl), inconsistently with using
+% tt for the name.  This is because literal text is sometimes needed in
+% the argument list (groff manual), and ttsl and tt are not very
+% distinguishable.  Prevent hyphenation at `-' chars.
 %
-% #1 is the class name, #2 the data type, #3 the operation name, #4 the args.
-\def\deftypeopheader#1#2#3#4{%
-  \dosubind{fn}{\code{#3}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% entry in function index
-  \begingroup
-    \defname{\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}
-            {\deftypeopcategory\ \putwordon\ \code{#1}}%
-    \deftypefunargs{#4}%
-  \endgroup
+\def\defunargs#1{%
+  % use sl by default (not ttsl),
+  % tt for the names.
+  \df \sl \hyphenchar\font=0
+  %
+  % On the other hand, if an argument has two dashes (for instance), we
+  % want a way to get ttsl.  Let's try @var for that.
+  \def\var##1{{\setupmarkupstyle{var}\ttslanted{##1}}}%
+  #1%
+  \sl\hyphenchar\font=45
 }
 
-% @deftypemethod CLASS TYPE METHOD ARG...
-%
-\def\deftypemethod{%
-  \deftypemethparsebody\Edeftypemethod\deftypemethodx\deftypemethodheader}
+% We want ()&[] to print specially on the defun line.
 %
-% #1 is the class name, #2 the data type, #3 the method name, #4 the args.
-\def\deftypemethodheader#1#2#3#4{%
-  \dosubind{fn}{\code{#3}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% entry in function index
-  \begingroup
-    \defname{\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}{\putwordMethodon\ \code{#1}}%
-    \deftypefunargs{#4}%
-  \endgroup
+\def\activeparens{%
+  \catcode`\(=\active \catcode`\)=\active
+  \catcode`\[=\active \catcode`\]=\active
+  \catcode`\&=\active
 }
 
-% @deftypeivar CLASS TYPE VARNAME
-%
-\def\deftypeivar{%
-  \deftypemethparsebody\Edeftypeivar\deftypeivarx\deftypeivarheader}
-%
-% #1 is the class name, #2 the data type, #3 the variable name.
-\def\deftypeivarheader#1#2#3{%
-  \dosubind{vr}{\code{#3}}{\putwordof\ \code{#1}}% entry in variable index
-  \begingroup
-    \defname{\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}
-            {\putwordInstanceVariableof\ \code{#1}}%
-    \defvarargs{#3}%
-  \endgroup
-}
+% Make control sequences which act like normal parenthesis chars.
+\let\lparen = ( \let\rparen = )
 
-% @defmethod == @defop Method
-%
-\def\defmethod{\defmethparsebody\Edefmethod\defmethodx\defmethodheader}
-%
-% #1 is the class name, #2 the method name, #3 the args.
-\def\defmethodheader#1#2#3{%
-  \dosubind{fn}{\code{#2}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% entry in function index
-  \begingroup
-    \defname{#2}{\putwordMethodon\ \code{#1}}%
-    \defunargs{#3}%
-  \endgroup
-}
+% Be sure that we always have a definition for `(', etc.  For example,
+% if the fn name has parens in it, \boldbrax will not be in effect yet,
+% so TeX would otherwise complain about undefined control sequence.
+{
+  \activeparens
+  \global\let(=\lparen \global\let)=\rparen
+  \global\let[=\lbrack \global\let]=\rbrack
+  \global\let& = \&
 
-% @defcv {Class Option} foo-class foo-flag
+  \gdef\boldbrax{\let(=\opnr\let)=\clnr\let[=\lbrb\let]=\rbrb}
+  \gdef\magicamp{\let&=\amprm}
+}
 
-\def\defcv #1 {\def\defcvtype{#1}%
-\defopvarparsebody\Edefcv\defcvx\defcvarheader\defcvtype}
+\newcount\parencount
 
-\def\defcvarheader #1#2#3{%
-  \dosubind{vr}{\code{#2}}{\putwordof\ \code{#1}}% variable index entry
-  \begingroup
-    \defname{#2}{\defcvtype\ \putwordof\ #1}%
-    \defvarargs{#3}%
-  \endgroup
+% If we encounter &foo, then turn on ()-hacking afterwards
+\newif\ifampseen
+\def\amprm#1 {\ampseentrue{\bf\&#1 }}
+
+\def\parenfont{%
+  \ifampseen
+    % At the first level, print parens in roman,
+    % otherwise use the default font.
+    \ifnum \parencount=1 \rm \fi
+  \else
+    % The \sf parens (in \boldbrax) actually are a little bolder than
+    % the contained text.  This is especially needed for [ and ] .
+    \sf
+  \fi
 }
-
-% @defivar CLASS VARNAME == @defcv {Instance Variable} CLASS VARNAME
-%
-\def\defivar{\defvrparsebody\Edefivar\defivarx\defivarheader}
-%
-\def\defivarheader#1#2#3{%
-  \dosubind{vr}{\code{#2}}{\putwordof\ \code{#1}}% entry in var index
-  \begingroup
-    \defname{#2}{\putwordInstanceVariableof\ #1}%
-    \defvarargs{#3}%
-  \endgroup
+\def\infirstlevel#1{%
+  \ifampseen
+    \ifnum\parencount=1
+      #1%
+    \fi
+  \fi
 }
+\def\bfafterword#1 {#1 \bf}
 
-% @defvar
-% First, define the processing that is wanted for arguments of @defvar.
-% This is actually simple: just print them in roman.
-% This must expand the args and terminate the paragraph they make up
-\def\defvarargs #1{\normalparens #1%
-  \defargscommonending
+\def\opnr{%
+  \global\advance\parencount by 1
+  {\parenfont(}%
+  \infirstlevel \bfafterword
 }
-
-% @defvr Counter foo-count
-
-\def\defvr{\defvrparsebody\Edefvr\defvrx\defvrheader}
-
-\def\defvrheader #1#2#3{\doind {vr}{\code{#2}}%
-\begingroup\defname {#2}{#1}\defvarargs{#3}\endgroup}
-
-% @defvar == @defvr Variable
-
-\def\defvar{\defvarparsebody\Edefvar\defvarx\defvarheader}
-
-\def\defvarheader #1#2{\doind {vr}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in var index
-\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefvar}%
-\defvarargs {#2}\endgroup %
+\def\clnr{%
+  {\parenfont)}%
+  \infirstlevel \sl
+  \global\advance\parencount by -1
 }
 
-% @defopt == @defvr {User Option}
-
-\def\defopt{\defvarparsebody\Edefopt\defoptx\defoptheader}
-
-\def\defoptheader #1#2{\doind {vr}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in var index
-\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefopt}%
-\defvarargs {#2}\endgroup %
+\newcount\brackcount
+\def\lbrb{%
+  \global\advance\brackcount by 1
+  {\bf[}%
+}
+\def\rbrb{%
+  {\bf]}%
+  \global\advance\brackcount by -1
 }
 
-% @deftypevar int foobar
-
-\def\deftypevar{\defvarparsebody\Edeftypevar\deftypevarx\deftypevarheader}
-
-% #1 is the data type.  #2 is the name, perhaps followed by text that
-% is actually part of the data type, which should not be put into the index.
-\def\deftypevarheader #1#2{%
-\dovarind#2 \relax% Make entry in variables index
-\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#1\relax$.$#2}{\putwordDeftypevar}%
-  \defargscommonending
-\endgroup}
-\def\dovarind#1 #2\relax{\doind{vr}{\code{#1}}}
-
-% @deftypevr {Global Flag} int enable
-
-\def\deftypevr{\defvrparsebody\Edeftypevr\deftypevrx\deftypevrheader}
-
-\def\deftypevrheader #1#2#3{\dovarind#3 \relax%
-\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}{#1}
-  \defargscommonending
-\endgroup}
-
-% Now define @deftp
-% Args are printed in bold, a slight difference from @defvar.
-
-\def\deftpargs #1{\bf \defvarargs{#1}}
-
-% @deftp Class window height width ...
-
-\def\deftp{\deftpparsebody\Edeftp\deftpx\deftpheader}
-
-\def\deftpheader #1#2#3{\doind {tp}{\code{#2}}%
-\begingroup\defname {#2}{#1}\deftpargs{#3}\endgroup}
-
-% These definitions are used if you use @defunx (etc.)
-% anywhere other than immediately after a @defun or @defunx.
-% 
-\def\defcvx#1 {\errmessage{@defcvx in invalid context}}
-\def\deffnx#1 {\errmessage{@deffnx in invalid context}}
-\def\defivarx#1 {\errmessage{@defivarx in invalid context}}
-\def\defmacx#1 {\errmessage{@defmacx in invalid context}}
-\def\defmethodx#1 {\errmessage{@defmethodx in invalid context}}
-\def\defoptx #1 {\errmessage{@defoptx in invalid context}}
-\def\defopx#1 {\errmessage{@defopx in invalid context}}
-\def\defspecx#1 {\errmessage{@defspecx in invalid context}}
-\def\deftpx#1 {\errmessage{@deftpx in invalid context}}
-\def\deftypefnx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypefnx in invalid context}}
-\def\deftypefunx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypefunx in invalid context}}
-\def\deftypeivarx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypeivarx in invalid context}}
-\def\deftypemethodx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypemethodx in invalid context}}
-\def\deftypeopx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypeopx in invalid context}}
-\def\deftypevarx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypevarx in invalid context}}
-\def\deftypevrx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypevrx in invalid context}}
-\def\defunx#1 {\errmessage{@defunx in invalid context}}
-\def\defvarx#1 {\errmessage{@defvarx in invalid context}}
-\def\defvrx#1 {\errmessage{@defvrx in invalid context}}
+\def\checkparencounts{%
+  \ifnum\parencount=0 \else \badparencount \fi
+  \ifnum\brackcount=0 \else \badbrackcount \fi
+}
+% these should not use \errmessage; the glibc manual, at least, actually
+% has such constructs (when documenting function pointers).
+\def\badparencount{%
+  \message{Warning: unbalanced parentheses in @def...}%
+  \global\parencount=0
+}
+\def\badbrackcount{%
+  \message{Warning: unbalanced square brackets in @def...}%
+  \global\brackcount=0
+}
 
 
 \message{macros,}
@@ -5484,42 +6759,68 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % To do this right we need a feature of e-TeX, \scantokens,
 % which we arrange to emulate with a temporary file in ordinary TeX.
 \ifx\eTeXversion\undefined
- \newwrite\macscribble
- \def\scanmacro#1{%
-   \begingroup \newlinechar`\^^M
-   % Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex
-   \catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\other \escapechar=`\@
-   % Append \endinput to make sure that TeX does not see the ending newline.
-   \toks0={#1\endinput}%
-   \immediate\openout\macscribble=\jobname.tmp
-   \immediate\write\macscribble{\the\toks0}%
-   \immediate\closeout\macscribble
-   \let\xeatspaces\eatspaces
-   \input \jobname.tmp
-   \endgroup
-}
-\else
-\def\scanmacro#1{%
-\begingroup \newlinechar`\^^M
-% Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex
-\catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\other \escapechar=`\@
-\let\xeatspaces\eatspaces\scantokens{#1\endinput}\endgroup}
+  \newwrite\macscribble
+  \def\scantokens#1{%
+    \toks0={#1}%
+    \immediate\openout\macscribble=\jobname.tmp
+    \immediate\write\macscribble{\the\toks0}%
+    \immediate\closeout\macscribble
+    \input \jobname.tmp
+  }
 \fi
 
+\def\scanmacro#1{%
+  \begingroup
+    \newlinechar`\^^M
+    \let\xeatspaces\eatspaces
+    % Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex
+    % When called from @insertcopying or (short)caption, we need active
+    % backslash to get it printed correctly.  Previously, we had
+    % \catcode`\\=\other instead.  We'll see whether a problem appears
+    % with macro expansion.				--kasal, 19aug04
+    \catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\active \escapechar=`\@
+    % ... and \example
+    \spaceisspace
+    %
+    % Append \endinput to make sure that TeX does not see the ending newline.
+    % I've verified that it is necessary both for e-TeX and for ordinary TeX
+    %							--kasal, 29nov03
+    \scantokens{#1\endinput}%
+  \endgroup
+}
+
+\def\scanexp#1{%
+  \edef\temp{\noexpand\scanmacro{#1}}%
+  \temp
+}
+
 \newcount\paramno   % Count of parameters
 \newtoks\macname    % Macro name
 \newif\ifrecursive  % Is it recursive?
-\def\macrolist{}    % List of all defined macros in the form
-                    % \do\macro1\do\macro2...
+
+% List of all defined macros in the form
+%    \definedummyword\macro1\definedummyword\macro2...
+% Currently is also contains all @aliases; the list can be split
+% if there is a need.
+\def\macrolist{}
+
+% Add the macro to \macrolist
+\def\addtomacrolist#1{\expandafter \addtomacrolistxxx \csname#1\endcsname}
+\def\addtomacrolistxxx#1{%
+     \toks0 = \expandafter{\macrolist\definedummyword#1}%
+     \xdef\macrolist{\the\toks0}%
+}
 
 % Utility routines.
-% Thisdoes \let #1 = #2, except with \csnames.
+% This does \let #1 = #2, with \csnames; that is,
+%   \let \csname#1\endcsname = \csname#2\endcsname
+% (except of course we have to play expansion games).
+% 
 \def\cslet#1#2{%
-\expandafter\expandafter
-\expandafter\let
-\expandafter\expandafter
-\csname#1\endcsname
-\csname#2\endcsname}
+  \expandafter\let
+  \csname#1\expandafter\endcsname
+  \csname#2\endcsname
+}
 
 % Trim leading and trailing spaces off a string.
 % Concepts from aro-bend problem 15 (see CTAN).
@@ -5542,34 +6843,45 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % all characters are catcode 10, 11 or 12, except \ which is active
 % (as in normal texinfo). It is necessary to change the definition of \.
 
+% Non-ASCII encodings make 8-bit characters active, so un-activate
+% them to avoid their expansion.  Must do this non-globally, to
+% confine the change to the current group.
+
 % It's necessary to have hard CRs when the macro is executed. This is
 % done by  making ^^M (\endlinechar) catcode 12 when reading the macro
 % body, and then making it the \newlinechar in \scanmacro.
 
-\def\macrobodyctxt{%
-  \catcode`\~=\other
+\def\scanctxt{%
+  \catcode`\"=\other
+  \catcode`\+=\other
+  \catcode`\<=\other
+  \catcode`\>=\other
+  \catcode`\@=\other
   \catcode`\^=\other
   \catcode`\_=\other
   \catcode`\|=\other
-  \catcode`\<=\other
-  \catcode`\>=\other
-  \catcode`\+=\other
+  \catcode`\~=\other
+  \ifx\declaredencoding\ascii \else \setnonasciicharscatcodenonglobal\other \fi
+}
+
+\def\scanargctxt{%
+  \scanctxt
+  \catcode`\\=\other
+  \catcode`\^^M=\other
+}
+
+\def\macrobodyctxt{%
+  \scanctxt
   \catcode`\{=\other
   \catcode`\}=\other
-  \catcode`\@=\other
   \catcode`\^^M=\other
-  \usembodybackslash}
+  \usembodybackslash
+}
 
 \def\macroargctxt{%
-  \catcode`\~=\other
-  \catcode`\^=\other
-  \catcode`\_=\other
-  \catcode`\|=\other
-  \catcode`\<=\other
-  \catcode`\>=\other
-  \catcode`\+=\other
-  \catcode`\@=\other
-  \catcode`\\=\other}
+  \scanctxt
+  \catcode`\\=\other
+}
 
 % \mbodybackslash is the definition of \ in @macro bodies.
 % It maps \foo\ => \csname macarg.foo\endcsname => #N
@@ -5600,25 +6912,21 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
      \else \errmessage{Macro name \the\macname\space already defined}\fi
      \global\cslet{macsave.\the\macname}{\the\macname}%
      \global\expandafter\let\csname ismacro.\the\macname\endcsname=1%
-     % Add the macroname to \macrolist
-     \toks0 = \expandafter{\macrolist\do}%
-     \xdef\macrolist{\the\toks0
-       \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname\endcsname}%
+     \addtomacrolist{\the\macname}%
   \fi
   \begingroup \macrobodyctxt
   \ifrecursive \expandafter\parsermacbody
   \else \expandafter\parsemacbody
   \fi}
 
-\def\unmacro{\parsearg\dounmacro}
-\def\dounmacro#1{%
+\parseargdef\unmacro{%
   \if1\csname ismacro.#1\endcsname
     \global\cslet{#1}{macsave.#1}%
     \global\expandafter\let \csname ismacro.#1\endcsname=0%
     % Remove the macro name from \macrolist:
     \begingroup
       \expandafter\let\csname#1\endcsname \relax
-      \let\do\unmacrodo
+      \let\definedummyword\unmacrodo
       \xdef\macrolist{\macrolist}%
     \endgroup
   \else
@@ -5628,12 +6936,12 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 % Called by \do from \dounmacro on each macro.  The idea is to omit any
 % macro definitions that have been changed to \relax.
-% 
+%
 \def\unmacrodo#1{%
-  \ifx#1\relax
+  \ifx #1\relax
     % remove this
   \else
-    \noexpand\do \noexpand #1%
+    \noexpand\definedummyword \noexpand#1%
   \fi
 }
 
@@ -5746,34 +7054,31 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % {.  If so it reads up to the closing }, if not, it reads the whole
 % line.  Whatever was read is then fed to the next control sequence
 % as an argument (by \parsebrace or \parsearg)
-\def\braceorline#1{\let\next=#1\futurelet\nchar\braceorlinexxx}
+\def\braceorline#1{\let\macnamexxx=#1\futurelet\nchar\braceorlinexxx}
 \def\braceorlinexxx{%
   \ifx\nchar\bgroup\else
     \expandafter\parsearg
-  \fi \next}
-
-% We mant to disable all macros during \shipout so that they are not
-% expanded by \write.
-\def\turnoffmacros{\begingroup \def\do##1{\let\noexpand##1=\relax}%
-  \edef\next{\macrolist}\expandafter\endgroup\next}
+  \fi \macnamexxx}
 
 
 % @alias.
 % We need some trickery to remove the optional spaces around the equal
 % sign.  Just make them active and then expand them all to nothing.
-\def\alias{\begingroup\obeyspaces\parsearg\aliasxxx}
+\def\alias{\parseargusing\obeyspaces\aliasxxx}
 \def\aliasxxx #1{\aliasyyy#1\relax}
-\def\aliasyyy #1=#2\relax{\ignoreactivespaces
-\edef\next{\global\let\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname=%
-           \expandafter\noexpand\csname#2\endcsname}%
-\expandafter\endgroup\next}
+\def\aliasyyy #1=#2\relax{%
+  {%
+    \expandafter\let\obeyedspace=\empty
+    \addtomacrolist{#1}%
+    \xdef\next{\global\let\makecsname{#1}=\makecsname{#2}}%
+  }%
+  \next
+}
 
 
 \message{cross references,}
-% @xref etc.
 
 \newwrite\auxfile
-
 \newif\ifhavexrefs    % True if xref values are known.
 \newif\ifwarnedxrefs  % True if we warned once that they aren't known.
 
@@ -5782,64 +7087,68 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\inforefzzz #1,#2,#3,#4**{\putwordSee{} \putwordInfo{} \putwordfile{} \file{\ignorespaces #3{}},
   node \samp{\ignorespaces#1{}}}
 
-% @node's job is to define \lastnode.
-\def\node{\ENVcheck\parsearg\nodezzz}
-\def\nodezzz#1{\nodexxx [#1,]}
-\def\nodexxx[#1,#2]{\gdef\lastnode{#1}}
+% @node's only job in TeX is to define \lastnode, which is used in
+% cross-references.  The @node line might or might not have commas, and
+% might or might not have spaces before the first comma, like:
+% @node foo , bar , ...
+% We don't want such trailing spaces in the node name.
+%
+\parseargdef\node{\checkenv{}\donode #1 ,\finishnodeparse}
+%
+% also remove a trailing comma, in case of something like this:
+% @node Help-Cross,  ,  , Cross-refs
+\def\donode#1 ,#2\finishnodeparse{\dodonode #1,\finishnodeparse}
+\def\dodonode#1,#2\finishnodeparse{\gdef\lastnode{#1}}
+
 \let\nwnode=\node
-\let\lastnode=\relax
-
-% The sectioning commands (@chapter, etc.) call these.
-\def\donoderef{%
-  \ifx\lastnode\relax\else
-    \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}%
-      {Ysectionnumberandtype}%
-    \global\let\lastnode=\relax
-  \fi
-}
-\def\unnumbnoderef{%
-  \ifx\lastnode\relax\else
-    \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}{Ynothing}%
-    \global\let\lastnode=\relax
-  \fi
-}
-\def\appendixnoderef{%
-  \ifx\lastnode\relax\else
-    \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}%
-      {Yappendixletterandtype}%
-    \global\let\lastnode=\relax
+\let\lastnode=\empty
+
+% Write a cross-reference definition for the current node.  #1 is the
+% type (Ynumbered, Yappendix, Ynothing).
+%
+\def\donoderef#1{%
+  \ifx\lastnode\empty\else
+    \setref{\lastnode}{#1}%
+    \global\let\lastnode=\empty
   \fi
 }
 
-
 % @anchor{NAME} -- define xref target at arbitrary point.
 %
 \newcount\savesfregister
-\gdef\savesf{\relax \ifhmode \savesfregister=\spacefactor \fi}
-\gdef\restoresf{\relax \ifhmode \spacefactor=\savesfregister \fi}
-\gdef\anchor#1{\savesf \setref{#1}{Ynothing}\restoresf \ignorespaces}
+%
+\def\savesf{\relax \ifhmode \savesfregister=\spacefactor \fi}
+\def\restoresf{\relax \ifhmode \spacefactor=\savesfregister \fi}
+\def\anchor#1{\savesf \setref{#1}{Ynothing}\restoresf \ignorespaces}
 
 % \setref{NAME}{SNT} defines a cross-reference point NAME (a node or an
-% anchor), namely NAME-title (the corresponding @chapter/etc. name),
-% NAME-pg (the page number), and NAME-snt (section number and type).
-% Called from \foonoderef.
-% 
-% We have to set \indexdummies so commands such as @code in a section
-% title aren't expanded.  It would be nicer not to expand the titles in
-% the first place, but there's so many layers that that is hard to do.
-%
-% Likewise, use \turnoffactive so that punctuation chars such as underscore
-% and backslash work in node names.
-% 
-\def\setref#1#2{{%
-  \atdummies
+% anchor), which consists of three parts:
+% 1) NAME-title - the current sectioning name taken from \lastsection,
+%                 or the anchor name.
+% 2) NAME-snt   - section number and type, passed as the SNT arg, or
+%                 empty for anchors.
+% 3) NAME-pg    - the page number.
+%
+% This is called from \donoderef, \anchor, and \dofloat.  In the case of
+% floats, there is an additional part, which is not written here:
+% 4) NAME-lof   - the text as it should appear in a @listoffloats.
+%
+\def\setref#1#2{%
   \pdfmkdest{#1}%
-  %
-  \turnoffactive
-  \dosetq{#1-title}{Ytitle}%
-  \dosetq{#1-pg}{Ypagenumber}%
-  \dosetq{#1-snt}{#2}%
-}}
+  \iflinks
+    {%
+      \atdummies  % preserve commands, but don't expand them
+      \edef\writexrdef##1##2{%
+	\write\auxfile{@xrdef{#1-% #1 of \setref, expanded by the \edef
+	  ##1}{##2}}% these are parameters of \writexrdef
+      }%
+      \toks0 = \expandafter{\lastsection}%
+      \immediate \writexrdef{title}{\the\toks0 }%
+      \immediate \writexrdef{snt}{\csname #2\endcsname}% \Ynumbered etc.
+      \safewhatsit{\writexrdef{pg}{\folio}}% will be written later, during \shipout
+    }%
+  \fi
+}
 
 % @xref, @pxref, and @ref generate cross-references.  For \xrefX, #1 is
 % the node name, #2 the name of the Info cross-reference, #3 the printed
@@ -5852,94 +7161,128 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\xrefX[#1,#2,#3,#4,#5,#6]{\begingroup
   \unsepspaces
   \def\printedmanual{\ignorespaces #5}%
-  \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #3}%
-  \setbox1=\hbox{\printedmanual}%
-  \setbox0=\hbox{\printednodename}%
+  \def\printedrefname{\ignorespaces #3}%
+  \setbox1=\hbox{\printedmanual\unskip}%
+  \setbox0=\hbox{\printedrefname\unskip}%
   \ifdim \wd0 = 0pt
     % No printed node name was explicitly given.
     \expandafter\ifx\csname SETxref-automatic-section-title\endcsname\relax
       % Use the node name inside the square brackets.
-      \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #1}%
+      \def\printedrefname{\ignorespaces #1}%
     \else
       % Use the actual chapter/section title appear inside
       % the square brackets.  Use the real section title if we have it.
       \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt
         % It is in another manual, so we don't have it.
-        \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #1}%
+        \def\printedrefname{\ignorespaces #1}%
       \else
         \ifhavexrefs
           % We know the real title if we have the xref values.
-          \def\printednodename{\refx{#1-title}{}}%
+          \def\printedrefname{\refx{#1-title}{}}%
         \else
           % Otherwise just copy the Info node name.
-          \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #1}%
+          \def\printedrefname{\ignorespaces #1}%
         \fi%
       \fi
     \fi
   \fi
   %
-  % If we use \unhbox0 and \unhbox1 to print the node names, TeX does not
-  % insert empty discretionaries after hyphens, which means that it will
-  % not find a line break at a hyphen in a node names.  Since some manuals
-  % are best written with fairly long node names, containing hyphens, this
-  % is a loss.  Therefore, we give the text of the node name again, so it
-  % is as if TeX is seeing it for the first time.
+  % Make link in pdf output.
   \ifpdf
-    \leavevmode
-    \getfilename{#4}%
-    {\turnoffactive \otherbackslash
+    {\indexnofonts
+     \turnoffactive
+     % This expands tokens, so do it after making catcode changes, so _
+     % etc. don't get their TeX definitions.
+     \getfilename{#4}%
+     %
+     % See comments at \activebackslashdouble.
+     {\activebackslashdouble \xdef\pdfxrefdest{#1}%
+      \backslashparens\pdfxrefdest}%
+     %
+     \leavevmode
+     \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
      \ifnum\filenamelength>0
-       \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
-         goto file{\the\filename.pdf} name{#1}%
+       goto file{\the\filename.pdf} name{\pdfxrefdest}%
      \else
-       \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
-         goto name{#1}%
+       goto name{\pdfmkpgn{\pdfxrefdest}}%
      \fi
     }%
-    \linkcolor
+    \setcolor{\linkcolor}%
   \fi
   %
-  \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt
-    \putwordsection{} ``\printednodename'' \putwordin{} \cite{\printedmanual}%
+  % Float references are printed completely differently: "Figure 1.2"
+  % instead of "[somenode], p.3".  We distinguish them by the
+  % LABEL-title being set to a magic string.
+  {%
+    % Have to otherify everything special to allow the \csname to
+    % include an _ in the xref name, etc.
+    \indexnofonts
+    \turnoffactive
+    \expandafter\global\expandafter\let\expandafter\Xthisreftitle
+      \csname XR#1-title\endcsname
+  }%
+  \iffloat\Xthisreftitle
+    % If the user specified the print name (third arg) to the ref,
+    % print it instead of our usual "Figure 1.2".
+    \ifdim\wd0 = 0pt
+      \refx{#1-snt}{}%
+    \else
+      \printedrefname
+    \fi
+    %
+    % if the user also gave the printed manual name (fifth arg), append
+    % "in MANUALNAME".
+    \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt
+      \space \putwordin{} \cite{\printedmanual}%
+    \fi
   \else
-    % _ (for example) has to be the character _ for the purposes of the
-    % control sequence corresponding to the node, but it has to expand
-    % into the usual \leavevmode...\vrule stuff for purposes of
-    % printing. So we \turnoffactive for the \refx-snt, back on for the
-    % printing, back off for the \refx-pg.
-    {\turnoffactive \otherbackslash
-     % Only output a following space if the -snt ref is nonempty; for
-     % @unnumbered and @anchor, it won't be.
-     \setbox2 = \hbox{\ignorespaces \refx{#1-snt}{}}%
-     \ifdim \wd2 > 0pt \refx{#1-snt}\space\fi
-    }%
-    % [mynode],
-    [\printednodename],\space
-    % page 3
-    \turnoffactive \otherbackslash \putwordpage\tie\refx{#1-pg}{}%
+    % node/anchor (non-float) references.
+    %
+    % If we use \unhbox0 and \unhbox1 to print the node names, TeX does not
+    % insert empty discretionaries after hyphens, which means that it will
+    % not find a line break at a hyphen in a node names.  Since some manuals
+    % are best written with fairly long node names, containing hyphens, this
+    % is a loss.  Therefore, we give the text of the node name again, so it
+    % is as if TeX is seeing it for the first time.
+    \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt
+      \putwordSection{} ``\printedrefname'' \putwordin{} \cite{\printedmanual}%
+    \else
+      % _ (for example) has to be the character _ for the purposes of the
+      % control sequence corresponding to the node, but it has to expand
+      % into the usual \leavevmode...\vrule stuff for purposes of
+      % printing. So we \turnoffactive for the \refx-snt, back on for the
+      % printing, back off for the \refx-pg.
+      {\turnoffactive
+       % Only output a following space if the -snt ref is nonempty; for
+       % @unnumbered and @anchor, it won't be.
+       \setbox2 = \hbox{\ignorespaces \refx{#1-snt}{}}%
+       \ifdim \wd2 > 0pt \refx{#1-snt}\space\fi
+      }%
+      % output the `[mynode]' via a macro so it can be overridden.
+      \xrefprintnodename\printedrefname
+      %
+      % But we always want a comma and a space:
+      ,\space
+      %
+      % output the `page 3'.
+      \turnoffactive \putwordpage\tie\refx{#1-pg}{}%
+    \fi
   \fi
   \endlink
 \endgroup}
 
-% \dosetq is called from \setref to do the actual \write (\iflinks).
+% This macro is called from \xrefX for the `[nodename]' part of xref
+% output.  It's a separate macro only so it can be changed more easily,
+% since square brackets don't work well in some documents.  Particularly
+% one that Bob is working on :).
 %
-\def\dosetq#1#2{%
-  {\let\folio=0%
-   \edef\next{\write\auxfile{\internalsetq{#1}{#2}}}%
-   \iflinks \next \fi
-  }%
-}
-
-% \internalsetq{foo}{page} expands into
-%   CHARACTERS @xrdef{foo}{...expansion of \page...}
-\def\internalsetq#1#2{@xrdef{#1}{\csname #2\endcsname}}
+\def\xrefprintnodename#1{[#1]}
 
-% Things to be expanded by \internalsetq.
-% 
-\def\Ypagenumber{\folio}
-\def\Ytitle{\thissection}
+% Things referred to by \setref.
+%
 \def\Ynothing{}
-\def\Ysectionnumberandtype{%
+\def\Yomitfromtoc{}
+\def\Ynumbered{%
   \ifnum\secno=0
     \putwordChapter@tie \the\chapno
   \else \ifnum\subsecno=0
@@ -5950,8 +7293,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
     \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno
   \fi\fi\fi
 }
-
-\def\Yappendixletterandtype{%
+\def\Yappendix{%
   \ifnum\secno=0
      \putwordAppendix@tie @char\the\appendixno{}%
   \else \ifnum\subsecno=0
@@ -5964,15 +7306,6 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \fi\fi\fi
 }
 
-% Use TeX 3.0's \inputlineno to get the line number, for better error
-% messages, but if we're using an old version of TeX, don't do anything.
-%
-\ifx\inputlineno\thisisundefined
-  \let\linenumber = \empty % Pre-3.0.
-\else
-  \def\linenumber{\the\inputlineno:\space}
-\fi
-
 % Define \refx{NAME}{SUFFIX} to reference a cross-reference string named NAME.
 % If its value is nonempty, SUFFIX is output afterward.
 %
@@ -5981,7 +7314,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
     \indexnofonts
     \otherbackslash
     \expandafter\global\expandafter\let\expandafter\thisrefX
-      \csname X#1\endcsname
+      \csname XR#1\endcsname
   }%
   \ifx\thisrefX\relax
     % If not defined, say something at least.
@@ -6003,12 +7336,54 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   #2% Output the suffix in any case.
 }
 
-% This is the macro invoked by entries in the aux file.
+% This is the macro invoked by entries in the aux file.  Usually it's
+% just a \def (we prepend XR to the control sequence name to avoid
+% collisions).  But if this is a float type, we have more work to do.
 %
-\def\xrdef#1{\expandafter\gdef\csname X#1\endcsname}
+\def\xrdef#1#2{%
+  {% The node name might contain 8-bit characters, which in our current
+   % implementation are changed to commands like @'e.  Don't let these
+   % mess up the control sequence name.
+    \indexnofonts
+    \turnoffactive
+    \xdef\safexrefname{#1}%
+  }%
+  %
+  \expandafter\gdef\csname XR\safexrefname\endcsname{#2}% remember this xref
+  %
+  % Was that xref control sequence that we just defined for a float?
+  \expandafter\iffloat\csname XR\safexrefname\endcsname
+    % it was a float, and we have the (safe) float type in \iffloattype.
+    \expandafter\let\expandafter\floatlist
+      \csname floatlist\iffloattype\endcsname
+    %
+    % Is this the first time we've seen this float type?
+    \expandafter\ifx\floatlist\relax
+      \toks0 = {\do}% yes, so just \do
+    \else
+      % had it before, so preserve previous elements in list.
+      \toks0 = \expandafter{\floatlist\do}%
+    \fi
+    %
+    % Remember this xref in the control sequence \floatlistFLOATTYPE,
+    % for later use in \listoffloats.
+    \expandafter\xdef\csname floatlist\iffloattype\endcsname{\the\toks0
+      {\safexrefname}}%
+  \fi
+}
 
 % Read the last existing aux file, if any.  No error if none exists.
-\def\readauxfile{\begingroup
+%
+\def\tryauxfile{%
+  \openin 1 \jobname.aux
+  \ifeof 1 \else
+    \readdatafile{aux}%
+    \global\havexrefstrue
+  \fi
+  \closein 1
+}
+
+\def\setupdatafile{%
   \catcode`\^^@=\other
   \catcode`\^^A=\other
   \catcode`\^^B=\other
@@ -6066,41 +7441,40 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \catcode`\%=\other
   \catcode`+=\other % avoid \+ for paranoia even though we've turned it off
   %
-  % Make the characters 128-255 be printing characters
+  % This is to support \ in node names and titles, since the \
+  % characters end up in a \csname.  It's easier than
+  % leaving it active and making its active definition an actual \
+  % character.  What I don't understand is why it works in the *value*
+  % of the xrdef.  Seems like it should be a catcode12 \, and that
+  % should not typeset properly.  But it works, so I'm moving on for
+  % now.  --karl, 15jan04.
+  \catcode`\\=\other
+  %
+  % Make the characters 128-255 be printing characters.
   {%
-    \count 1=128
+    \count1=128
     \def\loop{%
-      \catcode\count 1=\other
-      \advance\count 1 by 1
-      \ifnum \count 1<256 \loop \fi
+      \catcode\count1=\other
+      \advance\count1 by 1
+      \ifnum \count1<256 \loop \fi
     }%
   }%
   %
-  % Turn off \ as an escape so we do not lose on
-  % entries which were dumped with control sequences in their names.
-  % For example, @xrdef{$\leq $-fun}{page ...} made by @defun ^^
-  % Reference to such entries still does not work the way one would wish,
-  % but at least they do not bomb out when the aux file is read in.
-  \catcode`\\=\other
-  %
-  % @ is our escape character in .aux files.
+  % @ is our escape character in .aux files, and we need braces.
   \catcode`\{=1
   \catcode`\}=2
   \catcode`\@=0
-  %
-  \openin 1 \jobname.aux
-  \ifeof 1 \else
-    \closein 1
-    \input \jobname.aux
-    \global\havexrefstrue
-    \global\warnedobstrue
-  \fi
-  % Open the new aux file.  TeX will close it automatically at exit.
-  \openout\auxfile=\jobname.aux
+}
+
+\def\readdatafile#1{%
+\begingroup
+  \setupdatafile
+  \input\jobname.#1
 \endgroup}
 
 
-% Footnotes.
+\message{insertions,}
+% including footnotes.
 
 \newcount \footnoteno
 
@@ -6114,19 +7488,19 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % @footnotestyle is meaningful for info output only.
 \let\footnotestyle=\comment
 
-\let\ptexfootnote=\footnote
-
 {\catcode `\@=11
 %
 % Auto-number footnotes.  Otherwise like plain.
 \gdef\footnote{%
+  \let\indent=\ptexindent
+  \let\noindent=\ptexnoindent
   \global\advance\footnoteno by \@ne
   \edef\thisfootno{$^{\the\footnoteno}$}%
   %
   % In case the footnote comes at the end of a sentence, preserve the
   % extra spacing after we do the footnote number.
   \let\@sf\empty
-  \ifhmode\edef\@sf{\spacefactor\the\spacefactor}\/\fi
+  \ifhmode\edef\@sf{\spacefactor\the\spacefactor}\ptexslash\fi
   %
   % Remove inadvertent blank space before typesetting the footnote number.
   \unskip
@@ -6137,17 +7511,12 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % Don't bother with the trickery in plain.tex to not require the
 % footnote text as a parameter.  Our footnotes don't need to be so general.
 %
-% Oh yes, they do; otherwise, @ifset and anything else that uses
-% \parseargline fail inside footnotes because the tokens are fixed when
+% Oh yes, they do; otherwise, @ifset (and anything else that uses
+% \parseargline) fails inside footnotes because the tokens are fixed when
 % the footnote is read.  --karl, 16nov96.
 %
-% The start of the footnote looks usually like this:
-\gdef\startfootins{\insert\footins\bgroup}
-%
-% ... but this macro is redefined inside @multitable.
-%
 \gdef\dofootnote{%
-  \startfootins
+  \insert\footins\bgroup
   % We want to typeset this text as a normal paragraph, even if the
   % footnote reference occurs in (for example) a display environment.
   % So reset some parameters.
@@ -6183,40 +7552,66 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 }
 }%end \catcode `\@=11
 
-% @| inserts a changebar to the left of the current line.  It should
-% surround any changed text.  This approach does *not* work if the
-% change spans more than two lines of output.  To handle that, we would
-% have adopt a much more difficult approach (putting marks into the main
-% vertical list for the beginning and end of each change).
+% In case a @footnote appears in a vbox, save the footnote text and create
+% the real \insert just after the vbox finished.  Otherwise, the insertion
+% would be lost.
+% Similarly, if a @footnote appears inside an alignment, save the footnote
+% text to a box and make the \insert when a row of the table is finished.
+% And the same can be done for other insert classes.  --kasal, 16nov03.
+
+% Replace the \insert primitive by a cheating macro.
+% Deeper inside, just make sure that the saved insertions are not spilled
+% out prematurely.
 %
-\def\|{%
-  % \vadjust can only be used in horizontal mode.
-  \leavevmode
-  %
-  % Append this vertical mode material after the current line in the output.
-  \vadjust{%
-    % We want to insert a rule with the height and depth of the current
-    % leading; that is exactly what \strutbox is supposed to record.
-    \vskip-\baselineskip
-    %
-    % \vadjust-items are inserted at the left edge of the type.  So
-    % the \llap here moves out into the left-hand margin.
-    \llap{%
-      %
-      % For a thicker or thinner bar, change the `1pt'.
-      \vrule height\baselineskip width1pt
-      %
-      % This is the space between the bar and the text.
-      \hskip 12pt
-    }%
-  }%
+\def\startsavinginserts{%
+  \ifx \insert\ptexinsert
+    \let\insert\saveinsert
+  \else
+    \let\checkinserts\relax
+  \fi
 }
 
-% For a final copy, take out the rectangles
-% that mark overfull boxes (in case you have decided
-% that the text looks ok even though it passes the margin).
+% This \insert replacement works for both \insert\footins{foo} and
+% \insert\footins\bgroup foo\egroup, but it doesn't work for \insert27{foo}.
 %
-\def\finalout{\overfullrule=0pt}
+\def\saveinsert#1{%
+  \edef\next{\noexpand\savetobox \makeSAVEname#1}%
+  \afterassignment\next
+  % swallow the left brace
+  \let\temp =
+}
+\def\makeSAVEname#1{\makecsname{SAVE\expandafter\gobble\string#1}}
+\def\savetobox#1{\global\setbox#1 = \vbox\bgroup \unvbox#1}
+
+\def\checksaveins#1{\ifvoid#1\else \placesaveins#1\fi}
+
+\def\placesaveins#1{%
+  \ptexinsert \csname\expandafter\gobblesave\string#1\endcsname
+    {\box#1}%
+}
+
+% eat @SAVE -- beware, all of them have catcode \other:
+{
+  \def\dospecials{\do S\do A\do V\do E} \uncatcodespecials  %  ;-)
+  \gdef\gobblesave @SAVE{}
+}
+
+% initialization:
+\def\newsaveins #1{%
+  \edef\next{\noexpand\newsaveinsX \makeSAVEname#1}%
+  \next
+}
+\def\newsaveinsX #1{%
+  \csname newbox\endcsname #1%
+  \expandafter\def\expandafter\checkinserts\expandafter{\checkinserts
+    \checksaveins #1}%
+}
+
+% initialize:
+\let\checkinserts\empty
+\newsaveins\footins
+\newsaveins\margin
+
 
 % @image.  We use the macros from epsf.tex to support this.
 % If epsf.tex is not installed and @image is used, we complain.
@@ -6226,12 +7621,12 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % undone and the next image would fail.
 \openin 1 = epsf.tex
 \ifeof 1 \else
-  \closein 1
   % Do not bother showing banner with epsf.tex v2.7k (available in
   % doc/epsf.tex and on ctan).
   \def\epsfannounce{\toks0 = }%
   \input epsf.tex
 \fi
+\closein 1
 %
 % We will only complain once about lack of epsf.tex.
 \newif\ifwarnednoepsf
@@ -6264,15 +7659,19 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   % If the image is by itself, center it.
   \ifvmode
     \imagevmodetrue
-    \nobreak\bigskip
+    \nobreak\medskip
     % Usually we'll have text after the image which will insert
     % \parskip glue, so insert it here too to equalize the space
-    % above and below. 
+    % above and below.
     \nobreak\vskip\parskip
     \nobreak
-    \line\bgroup\hss
   \fi
   %
+  % Leave vertical mode so that indentation from an enclosing
+  % environment such as @quotation is respected.  On the other hand, if
+  % it's at the top level, we don't want the normal paragraph indentation.
+  \noindent
+  %
   % Output the image.
   \ifpdf
     \dopdfimage{#1}{#2}{#3}%
@@ -6283,45 +7682,1173 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
     \epsfbox{#1.eps}%
   \fi
   %
-  \ifimagevmode \hss \egroup \bigbreak \fi  % space after the image
+  \ifimagevmode \medskip \fi  % space after the standalone image
 \endgroup}
 
 
+% @float FLOATTYPE,LABEL,LOC ... @end float for displayed figures, tables,
+% etc.  We don't actually implement floating yet, we always include the
+% float "here".  But it seemed the best name for the future.
+%
+\envparseargdef\float{\eatcommaspace\eatcommaspace\dofloat#1, , ,\finish}
+
+% There may be a space before second and/or third parameter; delete it.
+\def\eatcommaspace#1, {#1,}
+
+% #1 is the optional FLOATTYPE, the text label for this float, typically
+% "Figure", "Table", "Example", etc.  Can't contain commas.  If omitted,
+% this float will not be numbered and cannot be referred to.
+%
+% #2 is the optional xref label.  Also must be present for the float to
+% be referable.
+%
+% #3 is the optional positioning argument; for now, it is ignored.  It
+% will somehow specify the positions allowed to float to (here, top, bottom).
+%
+% We keep a separate counter for each FLOATTYPE, which we reset at each
+% chapter-level command.
+\let\resetallfloatnos=\empty
+%
+\def\dofloat#1,#2,#3,#4\finish{%
+  \let\thiscaption=\empty
+  \let\thisshortcaption=\empty
+  %
+  % don't lose footnotes inside @float.
+  %
+  % BEWARE: when the floats start float, we have to issue warning whenever an
+  % insert appears inside a float which could possibly float. --kasal, 26may04
+  %
+  \startsavinginserts
+  %
+  % We can't be used inside a paragraph.
+  \par
+  %
+  \vtop\bgroup
+    \def\floattype{#1}%
+    \def\floatlabel{#2}%
+    \def\floatloc{#3}% we do nothing with this yet.
+    %
+    \ifx\floattype\empty
+      \let\safefloattype=\empty
+    \else
+      {%
+        % the floattype might have accents or other special characters,
+        % but we need to use it in a control sequence name.
+        \indexnofonts
+        \turnoffactive
+        \xdef\safefloattype{\floattype}%
+      }%
+    \fi
+    %
+    % If label is given but no type, we handle that as the empty type.
+    \ifx\floatlabel\empty \else
+      % We want each FLOATTYPE to be numbered separately (Figure 1,
+      % Table 1, Figure 2, ...).  (And if no label, no number.)
+      %
+      \expandafter\getfloatno\csname\safefloattype floatno\endcsname
+      \global\advance\floatno by 1
+      %
+      {%
+        % This magic value for \lastsection is output by \setref as the
+        % XREFLABEL-title value.  \xrefX uses it to distinguish float
+        % labels (which have a completely different output format) from
+        % node and anchor labels.  And \xrdef uses it to construct the
+        % lists of floats.
+        %
+        \edef\lastsection{\floatmagic=\safefloattype}%
+        \setref{\floatlabel}{Yfloat}%
+      }%
+    \fi
+    %
+    % start with \parskip glue, I guess.
+    \vskip\parskip
+    %
+    % Don't suppress indentation if a float happens to start a section.
+    \restorefirstparagraphindent
+}
+
+% we have these possibilities:
+% @float Foo,lbl & @caption{Cap}: Foo 1.1: Cap
+% @float Foo,lbl & no caption:    Foo 1.1
+% @float Foo & @caption{Cap}:     Foo: Cap
+% @float Foo & no caption:        Foo
+% @float ,lbl & Caption{Cap}:     1.1: Cap
+% @float ,lbl & no caption:       1.1
+% @float & @caption{Cap}:         Cap
+% @float & no caption:
+%
+\def\Efloat{%
+    \let\floatident = \empty
+    %
+    % In all cases, if we have a float type, it comes first.
+    \ifx\floattype\empty \else \def\floatident{\floattype}\fi
+    %
+    % If we have an xref label, the number comes next.
+    \ifx\floatlabel\empty \else
+      \ifx\floattype\empty \else % if also had float type, need tie first.
+        \appendtomacro\floatident{\tie}%
+      \fi
+      % the number.
+      \appendtomacro\floatident{\chaplevelprefix\the\floatno}%
+    \fi
+    %
+    % Start the printed caption with what we've constructed in
+    % \floatident, but keep it separate; we need \floatident again.
+    \let\captionline = \floatident
+    %
+    \ifx\thiscaption\empty \else
+      \ifx\floatident\empty \else
+	\appendtomacro\captionline{: }% had ident, so need a colon between
+      \fi
+      %
+      % caption text.
+      \appendtomacro\captionline{\scanexp\thiscaption}%
+    \fi
+    %
+    % If we have anything to print, print it, with space before.
+    % Eventually this needs to become an \insert.
+    \ifx\captionline\empty \else
+      \vskip.5\parskip
+      \captionline
+      %
+      % Space below caption.
+      \vskip\parskip
+    \fi
+    %
+    % If have an xref label, write the list of floats info.  Do this
+    % after the caption, to avoid chance of it being a breakpoint.
+    \ifx\floatlabel\empty \else
+      % Write the text that goes in the lof to the aux file as
+      % \floatlabel-lof.  Besides \floatident, we include the short
+      % caption if specified, else the full caption if specified, else nothing.
+      {%
+        \atdummies
+        %
+        % since we read the caption text in the macro world, where ^^M
+        % is turned into a normal character, we have to scan it back, so
+        % we don't write the literal three characters "^^M" into the aux file.
+	\scanexp{%
+	  \xdef\noexpand\gtemp{%
+	    \ifx\thisshortcaption\empty
+	      \thiscaption
+	    \else
+	      \thisshortcaption
+	    \fi
+	  }%
+	}%
+        \immediate\write\auxfile{@xrdef{\floatlabel-lof}{\floatident
+	  \ifx\gtemp\empty \else : \gtemp \fi}}%
+      }%
+    \fi
+  \egroup  % end of \vtop
+  %
+  % place the captured inserts
+  %
+  % BEWARE: when the floats start floating, we have to issue warning
+  % whenever an insert appears inside a float which could possibly
+  % float. --kasal, 26may04
+  %
+  \checkinserts
+}
+
+% Append the tokens #2 to the definition of macro #1, not expanding either.
+%
+\def\appendtomacro#1#2{%
+  \expandafter\def\expandafter#1\expandafter{#1#2}%
+}
+
+% @caption, @shortcaption
+%
+\def\caption{\docaption\thiscaption}
+\def\shortcaption{\docaption\thisshortcaption}
+\def\docaption{\checkenv\float \bgroup\scanargctxt\defcaption}
+\def\defcaption#1#2{\egroup \def#1{#2}}
+
+% The parameter is the control sequence identifying the counter we are
+% going to use.  Create it if it doesn't exist and assign it to \floatno.
+\def\getfloatno#1{%
+  \ifx#1\relax
+      % Haven't seen this figure type before.
+      \csname newcount\endcsname #1%
+      %
+      % Remember to reset this floatno at the next chap.
+      \expandafter\gdef\expandafter\resetallfloatnos
+        \expandafter{\resetallfloatnos #1=0 }%
+  \fi
+  \let\floatno#1%
+}
+
+% \setref calls this to get the XREFLABEL-snt value.  We want an @xref
+% to the FLOATLABEL to expand to "Figure 3.1".  We call \setref when we
+% first read the @float command.
+%
+\def\Yfloat{\floattype@tie \chaplevelprefix\the\floatno}%
+
+% Magic string used for the XREFLABEL-title value, so \xrefX can
+% distinguish floats from other xref types.
+\def\floatmagic{!!float!!}
+
+% #1 is the control sequence we are passed; we expand into a conditional
+% which is true if #1 represents a float ref.  That is, the magic
+% \lastsection value which we \setref above.
+%
+\def\iffloat#1{\expandafter\doiffloat#1==\finish}
+%
+% #1 is (maybe) the \floatmagic string.  If so, #2 will be the
+% (safe) float type for this float.  We set \iffloattype to #2.
+%
+\def\doiffloat#1=#2=#3\finish{%
+  \def\temp{#1}%
+  \def\iffloattype{#2}%
+  \ifx\temp\floatmagic
+}
+
+% @listoffloats FLOATTYPE - print a list of floats like a table of contents.
+%
+\parseargdef\listoffloats{%
+  \def\floattype{#1}% floattype
+  {%
+    % the floattype might have accents or other special characters,
+    % but we need to use it in a control sequence name.
+    \indexnofonts
+    \turnoffactive
+    \xdef\safefloattype{\floattype}%
+  }%
+  %
+  % \xrdef saves the floats as a \do-list in \floatlistSAFEFLOATTYPE.
+  \expandafter\ifx\csname floatlist\safefloattype\endcsname \relax
+    \ifhavexrefs
+      % if the user said @listoffloats foo but never @float foo.
+      \message{\linenumber No `\safefloattype' floats to list.}%
+    \fi
+  \else
+    \begingroup
+      \leftskip=\tocindent  % indent these entries like a toc
+      \let\do=\listoffloatsdo
+      \csname floatlist\safefloattype\endcsname
+    \endgroup
+  \fi
+}
+
+% This is called on each entry in a list of floats.  We're passed the
+% xref label, in the form LABEL-title, which is how we save it in the
+% aux file.  We strip off the -title and look up \XRLABEL-lof, which
+% has the text we're supposed to typeset here.
+%
+% Figures without xref labels will not be included in the list (since
+% they won't appear in the aux file).
+%
+\def\listoffloatsdo#1{\listoffloatsdoentry#1\finish}
+\def\listoffloatsdoentry#1-title\finish{{%
+  % Can't fully expand XR#1-lof because it can contain anything.  Just
+  % pass the control sequence.  On the other hand, XR#1-pg is just the
+  % page number, and we want to fully expand that so we can get a link
+  % in pdf output.
+  \toksA = \expandafter{\csname XR#1-lof\endcsname}%
+  %
+  % use the same \entry macro we use to generate the TOC and index.
+  \edef\writeentry{\noexpand\entry{\the\toksA}{\csname XR#1-pg\endcsname}}%
+  \writeentry
+}}
+
+
 \message{localization,}
-% and i18n.
 
-% @documentlanguage is usually given very early, just after
-% @setfilename.  If done too late, it may not override everything
-% properly.  Single argument is the language abbreviation.
-% It would be nice if we could set up a hyphenation file here.
+% For single-language documents, @documentlanguage is usually given very
+% early, just after @documentencoding.  Single argument is the language
+% (de) or locale (de_DE) abbreviation.
 %
-\def\documentlanguage{\parsearg\dodocumentlanguage}
-\def\dodocumentlanguage#1{%
+{
+  \catcode`\_ = \active
+  \globaldefs=1
+\parseargdef\documentlanguage{\begingroup
+  \let_=\normalunderscore  % normal _ character for filenames
   \tex % read txi-??.tex file in plain TeX.
-  % Read the file if it exists.
+    % Read the file by the name they passed if it exists.
+    \openin 1 txi-#1.tex
+    \ifeof 1
+      \documentlanguagetrywithoutunderscore{#1_\finish}%
+    \else
+      \globaldefs = 1  % everything in the txi-LL files needs to persist
+      \input txi-#1.tex
+    \fi
+    \closein 1
+  \endgroup % end raw TeX
+\endgroup}
+}
+%
+% If they passed de_DE, and txi-de_DE.tex doesn't exist,
+% try txi-de.tex.
+% 
+\def\documentlanguagetrywithoutunderscore#1_#2\finish{%
   \openin 1 txi-#1.tex
-  \ifeof1
+  \ifeof 1
     \errhelp = \nolanghelp
     \errmessage{Cannot read language file txi-#1.tex}%
-    \let\temp = \relax
   \else
-    \def\temp{\input txi-#1.tex }%
+    \input txi-#1.tex
   \fi
-  \temp
-  \endgroup
+  \closein 1
 }
+%
 \newhelp\nolanghelp{The given language definition file cannot be found or
-is empty.  Maybe you need to install it?  In the current directory
-should work if nowhere else does.}
+is empty.  Maybe you need to install it?  Putting it in the current
+directory should work if nowhere else does.}
 
+% This macro is called from txi-??.tex files; the first argument is the
+% \language name to set (without the "\lang@" prefix), the second and
+% third args are \{left,right}hyphenmin.
+% 
+% The language names to pass are determined when the format is built.
+% See the etex.log file created at that time, e.g.,
+% /usr/local/texlive/2008/texmf-var/web2c/pdftex/etex.log.
+% 
+% With TeX Live 2008, etex now includes hyphenation patterns for all
+% available languages.  This means we can support hyphenation in
+% Texinfo, at least to some extent.  (This still doesn't solve the
+% accented characters problem.)
+% 
+\catcode`@=11
+\def\txisetlanguage#1#2#3{%
+  % do not set the language if the name is undefined in the current TeX.
+  \expandafter\ifx\csname lang@#1\endcsname \relax
+    \message{no patterns for #1}%
+  \else
+    \global\language = \csname lang@#1\endcsname
+  \fi
+  % but there is no harm in adjusting the hyphenmin values regardless.
+  \global\lefthyphenmin = #2\relax
+  \global\righthyphenmin = #3\relax
+}
 
-% @documentencoding should change something in TeX eventually, most
-% likely, but for now just recognize it.
-\let\documentencoding = \comment
+% Helpers for encodings.
+% Set the catcode of characters 128 through 255 to the specified number.
+%
+\def\setnonasciicharscatcode#1{%
+   \count255=128
+   \loop\ifnum\count255<256
+      \global\catcode\count255=#1\relax
+      \advance\count255 by 1
+   \repeat
+}
 
+\def\setnonasciicharscatcodenonglobal#1{%
+   \count255=128
+   \loop\ifnum\count255<256
+      \catcode\count255=#1\relax
+      \advance\count255 by 1
+   \repeat
+}
 
-% Page size parameters.
+% @documentencoding sets the definition of non-ASCII characters
+% according to the specified encoding.
 %
+\parseargdef\documentencoding{%
+  % Encoding being declared for the document.
+  \def\declaredencoding{\csname #1.enc\endcsname}%
+  %
+  % Supported encodings: names converted to tokens in order to be able
+  % to compare them with \ifx.
+  \def\ascii{\csname US-ASCII.enc\endcsname}%
+  \def\latnine{\csname ISO-8859-15.enc\endcsname}%
+  \def\latone{\csname ISO-8859-1.enc\endcsname}%
+  \def\lattwo{\csname ISO-8859-2.enc\endcsname}%
+  \def\utfeight{\csname UTF-8.enc\endcsname}%
+  %
+  \ifx \declaredencoding \ascii
+     \asciichardefs
+  %
+  \else \ifx \declaredencoding \lattwo
+     \setnonasciicharscatcode\active
+     \lattwochardefs
+  %
+  \else \ifx \declaredencoding \latone 
+     \setnonasciicharscatcode\active
+     \latonechardefs
+  %
+  \else \ifx \declaredencoding \latnine
+     \setnonasciicharscatcode\active
+     \latninechardefs
+  %
+  \else \ifx \declaredencoding \utfeight
+     \setnonasciicharscatcode\active
+     \utfeightchardefs
+  %
+  \else 
+    \message{Unknown document encoding #1, ignoring.}%
+  %
+  \fi % utfeight
+  \fi % latnine
+  \fi % latone
+  \fi % lattwo
+  \fi % ascii
+}
+
+% A message to be logged when using a character that isn't available
+% the default font encoding (OT1).
+% 
+\def\missingcharmsg#1{\message{Character missing in OT1 encoding: #1.}}
+
+% Take account of \c (plain) vs. \, (Texinfo) difference.
+\def\cedilla#1{\ifx\c\ptexc\c{#1}\else\,{#1}\fi}
+
+% First, make active non-ASCII characters in order for them to be
+% correctly categorized when TeX reads the replacement text of
+% macros containing the character definitions.
+\setnonasciicharscatcode\active
+%
+% Latin1 (ISO-8859-1) character definitions.
+\def\latonechardefs{%
+  \gdef^^a0{~} 
+  \gdef^^a1{\exclamdown}
+  \gdef^^a2{\missingcharmsg{CENT SIGN}} 
+  \gdef^^a3{{\pounds}}
+  \gdef^^a4{\missingcharmsg{CURRENCY SIGN}}
+  \gdef^^a5{\missingcharmsg{YEN SIGN}}
+  \gdef^^a6{\missingcharmsg{BROKEN BAR}} 
+  \gdef^^a7{\S}
+  \gdef^^a8{\"{}} 
+  \gdef^^a9{\copyright} 
+  \gdef^^aa{\ordf}
+  \gdef^^ab{\guillemetleft}
+  \gdef^^ac{$\lnot$}
+  \gdef^^ad{\-} 
+  \gdef^^ae{\registeredsymbol} 
+  \gdef^^af{\={}}
+  %
+  \gdef^^b0{\textdegree}
+  \gdef^^b1{$\pm$}
+  \gdef^^b2{$^2$}
+  \gdef^^b3{$^3$}
+  \gdef^^b4{\'{}}
+  \gdef^^b5{$\mu$}
+  \gdef^^b6{\P}
+  %
+  \gdef^^b7{$^.$}
+  \gdef^^b8{\cedilla\ }
+  \gdef^^b9{$^1$}
+  \gdef^^ba{\ordm}
+  %
+  \gdef^^bb{\guilletright}
+  \gdef^^bc{$1\over4$}
+  \gdef^^bd{$1\over2$}
+  \gdef^^be{$3\over4$}
+  \gdef^^bf{\questiondown}
+  %
+  \gdef^^c0{\`A}
+  \gdef^^c1{\'A}
+  \gdef^^c2{\^A}
+  \gdef^^c3{\~A}
+  \gdef^^c4{\"A}
+  \gdef^^c5{\ringaccent A} 
+  \gdef^^c6{\AE}
+  \gdef^^c7{\cedilla C}
+  \gdef^^c8{\`E}
+  \gdef^^c9{\'E}
+  \gdef^^ca{\^E}
+  \gdef^^cb{\"E}
+  \gdef^^cc{\`I}
+  \gdef^^cd{\'I}
+  \gdef^^ce{\^I}
+  \gdef^^cf{\"I}
+  %
+  \gdef^^d0{\missingcharmsg{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ETH}}
+  \gdef^^d1{\~N}
+  \gdef^^d2{\`O}
+  \gdef^^d3{\'O}
+  \gdef^^d4{\^O}
+  \gdef^^d5{\~O}
+  \gdef^^d6{\"O}
+  \gdef^^d7{$\times$}
+  \gdef^^d8{\O}
+  \gdef^^d9{\`U}
+  \gdef^^da{\'U}
+  \gdef^^db{\^U}
+  \gdef^^dc{\"U}
+  \gdef^^dd{\'Y}
+  \gdef^^de{\missingcharmsg{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER THORN}}
+  \gdef^^df{\ss}
+  %
+  \gdef^^e0{\`a}
+  \gdef^^e1{\'a}
+  \gdef^^e2{\^a}
+  \gdef^^e3{\~a}
+  \gdef^^e4{\"a}
+  \gdef^^e5{\ringaccent a}
+  \gdef^^e6{\ae}
+  \gdef^^e7{\cedilla c}
+  \gdef^^e8{\`e}
+  \gdef^^e9{\'e}
+  \gdef^^ea{\^e}
+  \gdef^^eb{\"e}
+  \gdef^^ec{\`{\dotless i}}
+  \gdef^^ed{\'{\dotless i}}
+  \gdef^^ee{\^{\dotless i}}
+  \gdef^^ef{\"{\dotless i}}
+  %
+  \gdef^^f0{\missingcharmsg{LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH}}
+  \gdef^^f1{\~n}
+  \gdef^^f2{\`o}
+  \gdef^^f3{\'o}
+  \gdef^^f4{\^o}
+  \gdef^^f5{\~o}
+  \gdef^^f6{\"o}
+  \gdef^^f7{$\div$}
+  \gdef^^f8{\o}
+  \gdef^^f9{\`u}
+  \gdef^^fa{\'u}
+  \gdef^^fb{\^u}
+  \gdef^^fc{\"u}
+  \gdef^^fd{\'y}
+  \gdef^^fe{\missingcharmsg{LATIN SMALL LETTER THORN}}
+  \gdef^^ff{\"y}
+}
+
+% Latin9 (ISO-8859-15) encoding character definitions.
+\def\latninechardefs{%
+  % Encoding is almost identical to Latin1.
+  \latonechardefs
+  %
+  \gdef^^a4{\euro}
+  \gdef^^a6{\v S}
+  \gdef^^a8{\v s}
+  \gdef^^b4{\v Z}
+  \gdef^^b8{\v z}
+  \gdef^^bc{\OE}
+  \gdef^^bd{\oe}
+  \gdef^^be{\"Y}
+}
+
+% Latin2 (ISO-8859-2) character definitions.
+\def\lattwochardefs{%
+  \gdef^^a0{~}
+  \gdef^^a1{\ogonek{A}}
+  \gdef^^a2{\u{}}
+  \gdef^^a3{\L}
+  \gdef^^a4{\missingcharmsg{CURRENCY SIGN}}
+  \gdef^^a5{\v L}
+  \gdef^^a6{\'S}
+  \gdef^^a7{\S}
+  \gdef^^a8{\"{}}
+  \gdef^^a9{\v S}
+  \gdef^^aa{\cedilla S}
+  \gdef^^ab{\v T}
+  \gdef^^ac{\'Z}
+  \gdef^^ad{\-}
+  \gdef^^ae{\v Z}
+  \gdef^^af{\dotaccent Z}
+  %
+  \gdef^^b0{\textdegree}
+  \gdef^^b1{\ogonek{a}}
+  \gdef^^b2{\ogonek{ }}
+  \gdef^^b3{\l}
+  \gdef^^b4{\'{}}
+  \gdef^^b5{\v l}
+  \gdef^^b6{\'s}
+  \gdef^^b7{\v{}}
+  \gdef^^b8{\cedilla\ }
+  \gdef^^b9{\v s}
+  \gdef^^ba{\cedilla s}
+  \gdef^^bb{\v t}
+  \gdef^^bc{\'z}
+  \gdef^^bd{\H{}}
+  \gdef^^be{\v z}
+  \gdef^^bf{\dotaccent z}
+  %
+  \gdef^^c0{\'R}
+  \gdef^^c1{\'A}
+  \gdef^^c2{\^A}
+  \gdef^^c3{\u A}
+  \gdef^^c4{\"A}
+  \gdef^^c5{\'L}
+  \gdef^^c6{\'C}
+  \gdef^^c7{\cedilla C}
+  \gdef^^c8{\v C}
+  \gdef^^c9{\'E}
+  \gdef^^ca{\ogonek{E}}
+  \gdef^^cb{\"E}
+  \gdef^^cc{\v E}
+  \gdef^^cd{\'I}
+  \gdef^^ce{\^I}
+  \gdef^^cf{\v D}
+  %
+  \gdef^^d0{\missingcharmsg{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH STROKE}}
+  \gdef^^d1{\'N}
+  \gdef^^d2{\v N}
+  \gdef^^d3{\'O}
+  \gdef^^d4{\^O}
+  \gdef^^d5{\H O}
+  \gdef^^d6{\"O}
+  \gdef^^d7{$\times$}
+  \gdef^^d8{\v R}
+  \gdef^^d9{\ringaccent U} 
+  \gdef^^da{\'U}
+  \gdef^^db{\H U}
+  \gdef^^dc{\"U}
+  \gdef^^dd{\'Y}
+  \gdef^^de{\cedilla T}
+  \gdef^^df{\ss}
+  %
+  \gdef^^e0{\'r}
+  \gdef^^e1{\'a}
+  \gdef^^e2{\^a}
+  \gdef^^e3{\u a}
+  \gdef^^e4{\"a}
+  \gdef^^e5{\'l}
+  \gdef^^e6{\'c}
+  \gdef^^e7{\cedilla c}
+  \gdef^^e8{\v c}
+  \gdef^^e9{\'e}
+  \gdef^^ea{\ogonek{e}}
+  \gdef^^eb{\"e}
+  \gdef^^ec{\v e}
+  \gdef^^ed{\'\i}
+  \gdef^^ee{\^\i}
+  \gdef^^ef{\v d}
+  %
+  \gdef^^f0{\missingcharmsg{LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH STROKE}}
+  \gdef^^f1{\'n}
+  \gdef^^f2{\v n}
+  \gdef^^f3{\'o}
+  \gdef^^f4{\^o}
+  \gdef^^f5{\H o}
+  \gdef^^f6{\"o}
+  \gdef^^f7{$\div$}
+  \gdef^^f8{\v r}
+  \gdef^^f9{\ringaccent u}
+  \gdef^^fa{\'u}
+  \gdef^^fb{\H u}
+  \gdef^^fc{\"u}
+  \gdef^^fd{\'y}
+  \gdef^^fe{\cedilla t}
+  \gdef^^ff{\dotaccent{}}
+}
+
+% UTF-8 character definitions.
+% 
+% This code to support UTF-8 is based on LaTeX's utf8.def, with some
+% changes for Texinfo conventions.  It is included here under the GPL by
+% permission from Frank Mittelbach and the LaTeX team.
+% 
+\newcount\countUTFx
+\newcount\countUTFy
+\newcount\countUTFz
+
+\gdef\UTFviiiTwoOctets#1#2{\expandafter
+   \UTFviiiDefined\csname u8:#1\string #2\endcsname}
+%
+\gdef\UTFviiiThreeOctets#1#2#3{\expandafter
+   \UTFviiiDefined\csname u8:#1\string #2\string #3\endcsname}
+%
+\gdef\UTFviiiFourOctets#1#2#3#4{\expandafter
+   \UTFviiiDefined\csname u8:#1\string #2\string #3\string #4\endcsname}
+
+\gdef\UTFviiiDefined#1{%
+  \ifx #1\relax
+    \message{\linenumber Unicode char \string #1 not defined for Texinfo}%
+  \else
+    \expandafter #1%
+  \fi
+}
+
+\begingroup
+  \catcode`\~13
+  \catcode`\"12
+
+  \def\UTFviiiLoop{%
+    \global\catcode\countUTFx\active
+    \uccode`\~\countUTFx
+    \uppercase\expandafter{\UTFviiiTmp}%
+    \advance\countUTFx by 1
+    \ifnum\countUTFx < \countUTFy
+      \expandafter\UTFviiiLoop
+    \fi}
+
+  \countUTFx = "C2
+  \countUTFy = "E0
+  \def\UTFviiiTmp{%
+    \xdef~{\noexpand\UTFviiiTwoOctets\string~}}
+  \UTFviiiLoop
+
+  \countUTFx = "E0
+  \countUTFy = "F0
+  \def\UTFviiiTmp{%
+    \xdef~{\noexpand\UTFviiiThreeOctets\string~}}
+  \UTFviiiLoop
+
+  \countUTFx = "F0
+  \countUTFy = "F4
+  \def\UTFviiiTmp{%
+    \xdef~{\noexpand\UTFviiiFourOctets\string~}}
+  \UTFviiiLoop
+\endgroup
+
+\begingroup
+  \catcode`\"=12
+  \catcode`\<=12
+  \catcode`\.=12
+  \catcode`\,=12
+  \catcode`\;=12
+  \catcode`\!=12
+  \catcode`\~=13
+
+  \gdef\DeclareUnicodeCharacter#1#2{%
+    \countUTFz = "#1\relax
+    \wlog{\space\space defining Unicode char U+#1 (decimal \the\countUTFz)}%
+    \begingroup
+      \parseXMLCharref
+      \def\UTFviiiTwoOctets##1##2{%
+        \csname u8:##1\string ##2\endcsname}%
+      \def\UTFviiiThreeOctets##1##2##3{%
+        \csname u8:##1\string ##2\string ##3\endcsname}%
+      \def\UTFviiiFourOctets##1##2##3##4{%
+        \csname u8:##1\string ##2\string ##3\string ##4\endcsname}%
+      \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
+       \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
+       \gdef\UTFviiiTmp{#2}%
+    \endgroup}
+
+  \gdef\parseXMLCharref{%
+    \ifnum\countUTFz < "A0\relax
+      \errhelp = \EMsimple
+      \errmessage{Cannot define Unicode char value < 00A0}%
+    \else\ifnum\countUTFz < "800\relax
+      \parseUTFviiiA,%
+      \parseUTFviiiB C\UTFviiiTwoOctets.,%
+    \else\ifnum\countUTFz < "10000\relax
+      \parseUTFviiiA;%
+      \parseUTFviiiA,%
+      \parseUTFviiiB E\UTFviiiThreeOctets.{,;}%
+    \else
+      \parseUTFviiiA;%
+      \parseUTFviiiA,%
+      \parseUTFviiiA!%
+      \parseUTFviiiB F\UTFviiiFourOctets.{!,;}%
+    \fi\fi\fi
+  }
+
+  \gdef\parseUTFviiiA#1{%
+    \countUTFx = \countUTFz
+    \divide\countUTFz by 64
+    \countUTFy = \countUTFz
+    \multiply\countUTFz by 64
+    \advance\countUTFx by -\countUTFz
+    \advance\countUTFx by 128
+    \uccode `#1\countUTFx
+    \countUTFz = \countUTFy}
+
+  \gdef\parseUTFviiiB#1#2#3#4{%
+    \advance\countUTFz by "#10\relax
+    \uccode `#3\countUTFz
+    \uppercase{\gdef\UTFviiiTmp{#2#3#4}}}
+\endgroup
+
+\def\utfeightchardefs{%
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00A0}{\tie}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00A1}{\exclamdown}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00A3}{\pounds}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00A8}{\"{ }}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00A9}{\copyright}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00AA}{\ordf}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00AB}{\guillemetleft}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00AD}{\-}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00AE}{\registeredsymbol}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00AF}{\={ }}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00B0}{\ringaccent{ }}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00B4}{\'{ }}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00B8}{\cedilla{ }}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00BA}{\ordm}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00BB}{\guillemetright}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00BF}{\questiondown}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C0}{\`A}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C1}{\'A}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C2}{\^A}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C3}{\~A}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C4}{\"A}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C5}{\AA}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C6}{\AE}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C7}{\cedilla{C}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C8}{\`E}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00C9}{\'E}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00CA}{\^E}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00CB}{\"E}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00CC}{\`I}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00CD}{\'I}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00CE}{\^I}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00CF}{\"I}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00D1}{\~N}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00D2}{\`O}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00D3}{\'O}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00D4}{\^O}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00D5}{\~O}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00D6}{\"O}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00D8}{\O}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00D9}{\`U}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00DA}{\'U}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00DB}{\^U}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00DC}{\"U}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00DD}{\'Y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00DF}{\ss}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E0}{\`a}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E1}{\'a}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E2}{\^a}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E3}{\~a}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E4}{\"a}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E5}{\aa}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E6}{\ae}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E7}{\cedilla{c}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E8}{\`e}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00E9}{\'e}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00EA}{\^e}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00EB}{\"e}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00EC}{\`{\dotless{i}}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00ED}{\'{\dotless{i}}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00EE}{\^{\dotless{i}}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00EF}{\"{\dotless{i}}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00F1}{\~n}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00F2}{\`o}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00F3}{\'o}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00F4}{\^o}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00F5}{\~o}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00F6}{\"o}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00F8}{\o}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00F9}{\`u}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00FA}{\'u}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00FB}{\^u}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00FC}{\"u}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00FD}{\'y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00FF}{\"y}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0100}{\=A}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0101}{\=a}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0102}{\u{A}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0103}{\u{a}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0104}{\ogonek{A}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0105}{\ogonek{a}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0106}{\'C}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0107}{\'c}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0108}{\^C}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0109}{\^c}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0118}{\ogonek{E}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0119}{\ogonek{e}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{010A}{\dotaccent{C}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{010B}{\dotaccent{c}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{010C}{\v{C}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{010D}{\v{c}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{010E}{\v{D}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0112}{\=E}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0113}{\=e}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0114}{\u{E}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0115}{\u{e}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0116}{\dotaccent{E}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0117}{\dotaccent{e}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{011A}{\v{E}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{011B}{\v{e}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{011C}{\^G}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{011D}{\^g}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{011E}{\u{G}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{011F}{\u{g}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0120}{\dotaccent{G}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0121}{\dotaccent{g}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0124}{\^H}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0125}{\^h}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0128}{\~I}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0129}{\~{\dotless{i}}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{012A}{\=I}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{012B}{\={\dotless{i}}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{012C}{\u{I}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{012D}{\u{\dotless{i}}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0130}{\dotaccent{I}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0131}{\dotless{i}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0132}{IJ}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0133}{ij}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0134}{\^J}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0135}{\^{\dotless{j}}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0139}{\'L}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{013A}{\'l}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0141}{\L}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0142}{\l}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0143}{\'N}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0144}{\'n}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0147}{\v{N}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0148}{\v{n}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{014C}{\=O}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{014D}{\=o}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{014E}{\u{O}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{014F}{\u{o}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0150}{\H{O}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0151}{\H{o}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0152}{\OE}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0153}{\oe}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0154}{\'R}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0155}{\'r}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0158}{\v{R}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0159}{\v{r}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{015A}{\'S}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{015B}{\'s}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{015C}{\^S}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{015D}{\^s}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{015E}{\cedilla{S}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{015F}{\cedilla{s}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0160}{\v{S}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0161}{\v{s}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0162}{\cedilla{t}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0163}{\cedilla{T}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0164}{\v{T}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0168}{\~U}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0169}{\~u}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{016A}{\=U}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{016B}{\=u}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{016C}{\u{U}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{016D}{\u{u}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{016E}{\ringaccent{U}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{016F}{\ringaccent{u}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0170}{\H{U}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0171}{\H{u}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0174}{\^W}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0175}{\^w}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0176}{\^Y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0177}{\^y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0178}{\"Y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0179}{\'Z}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{017A}{\'z}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{017B}{\dotaccent{Z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{017C}{\dotaccent{z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{017D}{\v{Z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{017E}{\v{z}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01C4}{D\v{Z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01C5}{D\v{z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01C6}{d\v{z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01C7}{LJ}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01C8}{Lj}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01C9}{lj}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01CA}{NJ}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01CB}{Nj}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01CC}{nj}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01CD}{\v{A}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01CE}{\v{a}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01CF}{\v{I}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01D0}{\v{\dotless{i}}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01D1}{\v{O}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01D2}{\v{o}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01D3}{\v{U}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01D4}{\v{u}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01E2}{\={\AE}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01E3}{\={\ae}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01E6}{\v{G}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01E7}{\v{g}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01E8}{\v{K}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01E9}{\v{k}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01F0}{\v{\dotless{j}}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01F1}{DZ}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01F2}{Dz}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01F3}{dz}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01F4}{\'G}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01F5}{\'g}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01F8}{\`N}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01F9}{\`n}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01FC}{\'{\AE}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01FD}{\'{\ae}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01FE}{\'{\O}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{01FF}{\'{\o}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{021E}{\v{H}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{021F}{\v{h}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0226}{\dotaccent{A}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0227}{\dotaccent{a}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0228}{\cedilla{E}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0229}{\cedilla{e}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{022E}{\dotaccent{O}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{022F}{\dotaccent{o}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0232}{\=Y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0233}{\=y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{0237}{\dotless{j}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{02DB}{\ogonek{ }}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E02}{\dotaccent{B}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E03}{\dotaccent{b}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E04}{\udotaccent{B}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E05}{\udotaccent{b}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E06}{\ubaraccent{B}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E07}{\ubaraccent{b}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E0A}{\dotaccent{D}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E0B}{\dotaccent{d}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E0C}{\udotaccent{D}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E0D}{\udotaccent{d}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E0E}{\ubaraccent{D}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E0F}{\ubaraccent{d}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E1E}{\dotaccent{F}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E1F}{\dotaccent{f}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E20}{\=G}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E21}{\=g}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E22}{\dotaccent{H}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E23}{\dotaccent{h}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E24}{\udotaccent{H}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E25}{\udotaccent{h}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E26}{\"H}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E27}{\"h}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E30}{\'K}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E31}{\'k}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E32}{\udotaccent{K}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E33}{\udotaccent{k}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E34}{\ubaraccent{K}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E35}{\ubaraccent{k}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E36}{\udotaccent{L}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E37}{\udotaccent{l}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E3A}{\ubaraccent{L}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E3B}{\ubaraccent{l}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E3E}{\'M}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E3F}{\'m}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E40}{\dotaccent{M}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E41}{\dotaccent{m}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E42}{\udotaccent{M}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E43}{\udotaccent{m}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E44}{\dotaccent{N}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E45}{\dotaccent{n}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E46}{\udotaccent{N}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E47}{\udotaccent{n}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E48}{\ubaraccent{N}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E49}{\ubaraccent{n}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E54}{\'P}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E55}{\'p}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E56}{\dotaccent{P}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E57}{\dotaccent{p}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E58}{\dotaccent{R}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E59}{\dotaccent{r}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E5A}{\udotaccent{R}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E5B}{\udotaccent{r}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E5E}{\ubaraccent{R}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E5F}{\ubaraccent{r}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E60}{\dotaccent{S}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E61}{\dotaccent{s}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E62}{\udotaccent{S}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E63}{\udotaccent{s}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E6A}{\dotaccent{T}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E6B}{\dotaccent{t}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E6C}{\udotaccent{T}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E6D}{\udotaccent{t}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E6E}{\ubaraccent{T}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E6F}{\ubaraccent{t}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E7C}{\~V}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E7D}{\~v}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E7E}{\udotaccent{V}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E7F}{\udotaccent{v}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E80}{\`W}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E81}{\`w}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E82}{\'W}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E83}{\'w}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E84}{\"W}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E85}{\"w}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E86}{\dotaccent{W}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E87}{\dotaccent{w}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E88}{\udotaccent{W}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E89}{\udotaccent{w}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E8A}{\dotaccent{X}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E8B}{\dotaccent{x}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E8C}{\"X}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E8D}{\"x}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E8E}{\dotaccent{Y}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E8F}{\dotaccent{y}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E90}{\^Z}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E91}{\^z}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E92}{\udotaccent{Z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E93}{\udotaccent{z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E94}{\ubaraccent{Z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E95}{\ubaraccent{z}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E96}{\ubaraccent{h}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E97}{\"t}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E98}{\ringaccent{w}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E99}{\ringaccent{y}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EA0}{\udotaccent{A}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EA1}{\udotaccent{a}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EB8}{\udotaccent{E}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EB9}{\udotaccent{e}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EBC}{\~E}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EBD}{\~e}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1ECA}{\udotaccent{I}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1ECB}{\udotaccent{i}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1ECC}{\udotaccent{O}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1ECD}{\udotaccent{o}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EE4}{\udotaccent{U}}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EE5}{\udotaccent{u}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EF2}{\`Y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EF3}{\`y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EF4}{\udotaccent{Y}}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EF8}{\~Y}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1EF9}{\~y}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2013}{--}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2014}{---}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2018}{\quoteleft}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2019}{\quoteright}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{201A}{\quotesinglbase}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{201C}{\quotedblleft}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{201D}{\quotedblright}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{201E}{\quotedblbase}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2022}{\bullet}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2026}{\dots}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2039}{\guilsinglleft}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{203A}{\guilsinglright}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{20AC}{\euro}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2192}{\expansion}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{21D2}{\result}
+
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2212}{\minus}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2217}{\point}
+  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2261}{\equiv}
+}% end of \utfeightchardefs
+
+
+% US-ASCII character definitions.
+\def\asciichardefs{% nothing need be done
+   \relax
+}
+
+% Make non-ASCII characters printable again for compatibility with
+% existing Texinfo documents that may use them, even without declaring a
+% document encoding.
+%
+\setnonasciicharscatcode \other
+
+
+\message{formatting,}
+
 \newdimen\defaultparindent \defaultparindent = 15pt
 
 \chapheadingskip = 15pt plus 4pt minus 2pt
@@ -6334,7 +8861,7 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 % Don't be so finicky about underfull hboxes, either.
 \hbadness = 2000
 
-% Following George Bush, just get rid of widows and orphans.
+% Following George Bush, get rid of widows and orphans.
 \widowpenalty=10000
 \clubpenalty=10000
 
@@ -6352,10 +8879,10 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   \fi
 }
 
-% Parameters in order: 1) textheight; 2) textwidth; 3) voffset;
-% 4) hoffset; 5) binding offset; 6) topskip; 7) physical page height; 8)
-% physical page width.
-% 
+% Parameters in order: 1) textheight; 2) textwidth;
+% 3) voffset; 4) hoffset; 5) binding offset; 6) topskip;
+% 7) physical page height; 8) physical page width.
+%
 % We also call \setleading{\textleading}, so the caller should define
 % \textleading.  The caller should also set \parskip.
 %
@@ -6381,6 +8908,10 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   \ifpdf
     \pdfpageheight #7\relax
     \pdfpagewidth #8\relax
+    % if we don't reset these, they will remain at "1 true in" of
+    % whatever layout pdftex was dumped with.
+    \pdfhorigin = 1 true in
+    \pdfvorigin = 1 true in
   \fi
   %
   \setleading{\textleading}
@@ -6395,19 +8926,19 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   \textleading = 13.2pt
   %
   % If page is nothing but text, make it come out even.
-  \internalpagesizes{46\baselineskip}{6in}%
+  \internalpagesizes{607.2pt}{6in}% that's 46 lines
                     {\voffset}{.25in}%
                     {\bindingoffset}{36pt}%
                     {11in}{8.5in}%
 }}
 
-% Use @smallbook to reset parameters for 7x9.5 (or so) format.
+% Use @smallbook to reset parameters for 7x9.25 trim size.
 \def\smallbook{{\globaldefs = 1
   \parskip = 2pt plus 1pt
   \textleading = 12pt
   %
   \internalpagesizes{7.5in}{5in}%
-                    {\voffset}{.25in}%
+                    {-.2in}{0in}%
                     {\bindingoffset}{16pt}%
                     {9.25in}{7in}%
   %
@@ -6418,12 +8949,30 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   \defbodyindent = .5cm
 }}
 
+% Use @smallerbook to reset parameters for 6x9 trim size.
+% (Just testing, parameters still in flux.)
+\def\smallerbook{{\globaldefs = 1
+  \parskip = 1.5pt plus 1pt
+  \textleading = 12pt
+  %
+  \internalpagesizes{7.4in}{4.8in}%
+                    {-.2in}{-.4in}%
+                    {0pt}{14pt}%
+                    {9in}{6in}%
+  %
+  \lispnarrowing = 0.25in
+  \tolerance = 700
+  \hfuzz = 1pt
+  \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
+  \defbodyindent = .4cm
+}}
+
 % Use @afourpaper to print on European A4 paper.
 \def\afourpaper{{\globaldefs = 1
   \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
   \textleading = 13.2pt
   %
-  % Double-side printing via postscript on Laserjet 4050 
+  % Double-side printing via postscript on Laserjet 4050
   % prints double-sided nicely when \bindingoffset=10mm and \hoffset=-6mm.
   % To change the settings for a different printer or situation, adjust
   % \normaloffset until the front-side and back-side texts align.  Then
@@ -6433,7 +8982,7 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   % \global\normaloffset = -6mm
   % \global\bindingoffset = 10mm
   % @end tex
-  \internalpagesizes{51\baselineskip}{160mm}
+  \internalpagesizes{673.2pt}{160mm}% that's 51 lines
                     {\voffset}{\hoffset}%
                     {\bindingoffset}{44pt}%
                     {297mm}{210mm}%
@@ -6464,7 +9013,7 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   \tableindent = 12mm
 }}
 
-% A specific text layout, 24x15cm overall, intended for A4 paper.  
+% A specific text layout, 24x15cm overall, intended for A4 paper.
 \def\afourlatex{{\globaldefs = 1
   \afourpaper
   \internalpagesizes{237mm}{150mm}%
@@ -6490,8 +9039,7 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 % Perhaps we should allow setting the margins, \topskip, \parskip,
 % and/or leading, also. Or perhaps we should compute them somehow.
 %
-\def\pagesizes{\parsearg\pagesizesxxx}
-\def\pagesizesxxx#1{\pagesizesyyy #1,,\finish}
+\parseargdef\pagesizes{\pagesizesyyy #1,,\finish}
 \def\pagesizesyyy#1,#2,#3\finish{{%
   \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \hsize=#2\relax \fi
   \globaldefs = 1
@@ -6499,7 +9047,7 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
   \setleading{\textleading}%
   %
-  \dimen0 = #1
+  \dimen0 = #1\relax
   \advance\dimen0 by \voffset
   %
   \dimen2 = \hsize
@@ -6518,6 +9066,9 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 
 \message{and turning on texinfo input format.}
 
+% DEL is a comment character, in case @c does not suffice.
+\catcode`\^^? = 14
+
 % Define macros to output various characters with catcode for normal text.
 \catcode`\"=\other
 \catcode`\~=\other
@@ -6538,8 +9089,8 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 \def\normalplus{+}
 \def\normaldollar{$}%$ font-lock fix
 
-% This macro is used to make a character print one way in ttfont
-% where it can probably just be output, and another way in other fonts,
+% This macro is used to make a character print one way in \tt
+% (where it can probably be output as-is), and another way in other fonts,
 % where something hairier probably needs to be done.
 %
 % #1 is what to print if we are indeed using \tt; #2 is what to print
@@ -6571,6 +9122,7 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 
 \catcode`\_=\active
 \def_{\ifusingtt\normalunderscore\_}
+\let\realunder=_
 % Subroutine for the previous macro.
 \def\_{\leavevmode \kern.07em \vbox{\hrule width.3em height.1ex}\kern .07em }
 
@@ -6587,46 +9139,49 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 \catcode`\$=\active
 \def${\ifusingit{{\sl\$}}\normaldollar}%$ font-lock fix
 
-% Set up an active definition for =, but don't enable it most of the time.
-{\catcode`\==\active
-\global\def={{\tt \char 61}}}
-
-\catcode`+=\active
-\catcode`\_=\active
-
 % If a .fmt file is being used, characters that might appear in a file
 % name cannot be active until we have parsed the command line.
 % So turn them off again, and have \everyjob (or @setfilename) turn them on.
 % \otherifyactive is called near the end of this file.
 \def\otherifyactive{\catcode`+=\other \catcode`\_=\other}
 
+% Used sometimes to turn off (effectively) the active characters even after
+% parsing them.
+\def\turnoffactive{%
+  \normalturnoffactive
+  \otherbackslash
+}
+
 \catcode`\@=0
 
-% \rawbackslashxx outputs one backslash character in current font,
+% \backslashcurfont outputs one backslash character in current font,
 % as in \char`\\.
-\global\chardef\rawbackslashxx=`\\
-
-% \rawbackslash defines an active \ to do \rawbackslashxx.
-% \otherbackslash defines an active \ to be a literal `\' character with
-% catcode other.
-{\catcode`\\=\active
- @gdef@rawbackslash{@let\=@rawbackslashxx}
- @gdef@otherbackslash{@let\=@realbackslash}
-}
+\global\chardef\backslashcurfont=`\\
+\global\let\rawbackslashxx=\backslashcurfont  % let existing .??s files work
 
-% \realbackslash is an actual character `\' with catcode other.
-{\catcode`\\=\other @gdef@realbackslash{\}}
-
-% \normalbackslash outputs one backslash in fixed width font.
-\def\normalbackslash{{\tt\rawbackslashxx}}
+% \realbackslash is an actual character `\' with catcode other, and
+% \doublebackslash is two of them (for the pdf outlines).
+{\catcode`\\=\other @gdef@realbackslash{\} @gdef@doublebackslash{\\}}
 
+% In texinfo, backslash is an active character; it prints the backslash
+% in fixed width font.
 \catcode`\\=\active
+@def@normalbackslash{{@tt@backslashcurfont}}
+% On startup, @fixbackslash assigns:
+%  @let \ = @normalbackslash
+
+% \rawbackslash defines an active \ to do \backslashcurfont.
+% \otherbackslash defines an active \ to be a literal `\' character with
+% catcode other.
+@gdef@rawbackslash{@let\=@backslashcurfont}
+@gdef@otherbackslash{@let\=@realbackslash}
 
-% Used sometimes to turn off (effectively) the active characters
-% even after parsing them.
-@def@turnoffactive{%
+% Same as @turnoffactive except outputs \ as {\tt\char`\\} instead of
+% the literal character `\'.
+% 
+@def@normalturnoffactive{%
+  @let\=@normalbackslash
   @let"=@normaldoublequote
-  @let\=@realbackslash
   @let~=@normaltilde
   @let^=@normalcaret
   @let_=@normalunderscore
@@ -6635,14 +9190,11 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   @let>=@normalgreater
   @let+=@normalplus
   @let$=@normaldollar %$ font-lock fix
+  @markupsetuplqdefault
+  @markupsetuprqdefault
+  @unsepspaces
 }
 
-% Same as @turnoffactive except outputs \ as {\tt\char`\\} instead of
-% the literal character `\'.  (Thus, \ is not expandable when this is in
-% effect.)
-% 
-@def@normalturnoffactive{@turnoffactive @let\=@normalbackslash}
-
 % Make _ and + \other characters, temporarily.
 % This is canceled by @fixbackslash.
 @otherifyactive
@@ -6655,9 +9207,9 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 @global@let\ = @eatinput
 
 % On the other hand, perhaps the file did not have a `\input texinfo'. Then
-% the first `\{ in the file would cause an error. This macro tries to fix
+% the first `\' in the file would cause an error. This macro tries to fix
 % that, assuming it is called before the first `\' could plausibly occur.
-% Also back turn on active characters that might appear in the input
+% Also turn back on active characters that might appear in the input
 % file name, in case not using a pre-dumped format.
 %
 @gdef@fixbackslash{%
@@ -6669,16 +9221,20 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 % Say @foo, not \foo, in error messages.
 @escapechar = `@@
 
-% These look ok in all fonts, so just make them not special.  
+% These look ok in all fonts, so just make them not special.
 @catcode`@& = @other
 @catcode`@# = @other
 @catcode`@% = @other
 
-@c Set initial fonts.
-@textfonts
-@rm
-
-
+@c Finally, make ` and ' active, so that txicodequoteundirected and
+@c txicodequotebacktick work right in, e.g., @w{@code{`foo'}}.  If we
+@c don't make ` and ' active, @code will not get them as active chars.
+@c Do this last of all since we use ` in the previous @catcode assignments.
+@catcode`@'=@active
+@catcode`@`=@active
+@markupsetuplqdefault
+@markupsetuprqdefault
+ 
 @c Local variables:
 @c eval: (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'time-stamp)
 @c page-delimiter: "^\\\\message"
@@ -6686,3 +9242,9 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 @c time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d.%02H"
 @c time-stamp-end: "}"
 @c End:
+
+@c vim:sw=2:
+
+@ignore
+   arch-tag: e1b36e32-c96e-4135-a41a-0b2efa2ea115
+@end ignore
diff --git a/doc/version.texi b/doc/version.texi
index 64d030c6..80a22097 100644
--- a/doc/version.texi
+++ b/doc/version.texi
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 Copyright (C) 1988-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 @end ignore
 
-@set LASTCHANGE Fri Feb 13 18:29:03 EST 2009
+@set LASTCHANGE Wed Dec 23 16:29:41 EST 2009
 
-@set EDITION 4.0
-@set VERSION 4.0
-@set UPDATED 13 February 2009
-@set UPDATED-MONTH February 2009
+@set EDITION 4.1
+@set VERSION 4.1
+@set UPDATED 23 December 2009
+@set UPDATED-MONTH December 2009