diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/builtins.ps')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/builtins.ps | 4366 |
1 files changed, 2237 insertions, 2129 deletions
diff --git a/doc/builtins.ps b/doc/builtins.ps index 5d49778a..f6aec86f 100644 --- a/doc/builtins.ps +++ b/doc/builtins.ps @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.19.2 -%%CreationDate: Mon Feb 24 08:28:31 2014 +%%Creator: groff version 1.22.3 +%%CreationDate: Wed Aug 31 10:24:00 2016 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic %%+ font Symbol %%+ font Courier -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 2 +%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 3 %%Pages: 23 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%DocumentMedia: Default 612 792 0 () () @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ %%PageMedia: Default %%EndDefaults %%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.19 2 +%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.22 3 %!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-ProcSet /setpacking where{ pop @@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ exch pop add exch pop /level0 save def 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin +DEFS/BPhook known{DEFS begin BPhook end}if 72 RES div dup scale LS{ 90 rotate @@ -139,7 +140,10 @@ pop findfont dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin { -1 index/FID ne{def}{pop pop}ifelse +1 index/FID ne +2 index/UniqueID ne +and +{def}{pop pop}ifelse }forall /Encoding exch def dup/FontName exch def @@ -177,8 +181,10 @@ newpath userdict begin /showpage{}def /setpagedevice{}def +mark }bind def /PEND{ +cleartomark countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat level1 restore }bind def @@ -233,11 +239,11 @@ def/PL 792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF -.219(NA)72 84 S(ME).219 E F0 1.325 -(bash, :, ., [, alias, bg, bind, break, b)108 96 R 1.325(uiltin, caller) --.2 F 3.825(,c)-.4 G 1.324 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.219(NA)72 84 S +(ME).219 E F0 1.325(bash, :, ., [, alias, bg, bind, break, b)108 96 R +1.325(uiltin, caller)-.2 F 3.825(,c)-.4 G 1.324 (d, command, compgen, complete, compopt, continue,)-3.825 F .903 (declare, dirs, diso)108 108 R .903(wn, echo, enable, e)-.25 F -.25(va) -.25 G .904(l, e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .904(c, e).15 F .904(xit, e)-.15 F @@ -255,39 +261,39 @@ ted in this section as accepting options preceded by)-.2 F F2<ad>108 (to signify the end of the options.)2.533 F(The)5.034 E F2(:)2.534 E F0 (,)A F2(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F2(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E F2(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .034(iltins do not accept options and) -.2 F .078(do not treat)108 196.8 R F2<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E -5.077(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.077 E F2(exit)2.577 E F0(,)A F2(logout)2.577 E F0 -(,)A F2(br)2.577 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(continue)2.577 E F0(,)A F2(let) -2.577 E F0 2.577(,a)C(nd)-2.577 E F2(shift)2.577 E F0 -.2(bu)2.577 G -.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108 -208.8 R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F2<ad>2.819 E F0 .319 -(without requiring)2.819 F F2<adad>2.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b) --5.319 F .319(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32 -(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.144(accepting options interpret ar) -108 220.8 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F2<ad> -3.643 E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143 -(lid options and require).25 F F2<adad>3.643 E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 232.8 Q F2(:)108 -250.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A -.451(No ef)144 262.8 R .451(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F -.452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding)-.15 E F3(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452 -(and performing an)3.222 F 2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5 -(redirections. A)144 274.8 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E -F2(.)110.5 291.6 Q F3(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(guments)-.37 -E F0(])A F2(sour)108 303.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F3(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3 -(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 315.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.02(cute commands from).15 F F3(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02 -(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F -(xit)-.15 E 1.458(status of the last command e)144 327.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 -G 1.458(cuted from).15 F F3(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f) --6.458 E F3(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458 -(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F .608(names in)144 339.6 R/F4 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608 -(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F3(\214lename)3.108 -E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA) -3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 351.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.332(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F3 -.832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 +.2 F 1.549(do not treat)108 196.8 R F2<adad>4.049 E F0(specially)4.049 E +6.549(.T)-.65 G(he)-6.549 E F2(exit)4.049 E F0(,)A F2(logout)4.049 E F0 +(,)A F2 -.18(re)4.049 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(,)A F2(br)4.049 E(eak)-.18 +E F0(,)A F2(continue)4.049 E F0(,)A F2(let)4.049 E F0 4.049(,a)C(nd) +-4.049 E F2(shift)4.048 E F0 -.2(bu)4.048 G 1.548(iltins accept and).2 F +.26(process ar)108 208.8 R .26(guments be)-.18 F .26(ginning with)-.15 F +F2<ad>2.76 E F0 .261(without requiring)2.76 F F2<adad>2.761 E F0 5.261 +(.O)C .261(ther b)-5.261 F .261(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .261 +(guments b)-.18 F .261(ut are not)-.2 F 1.154 +(speci\214ed as accepting options interpret ar)108 220.8 R 1.154 +(guments be)-.18 F 1.154(ginning with)-.15 F F2<ad>3.654 E F0 1.154 +(as in)3.654 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.154(lid options and require).25 F F2 +<adad>3.654 E F0(to)3.654 E(pre)108 232.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(nt this interpretation.).15 E F2(:)108 250.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F3 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 262.8 R +.451(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F +(xpanding)-.15 E F3(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an) +3.222 F 2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 +274.8 R(return status is zero.)2.5 E F2(.)110.5 291.6 Q F3(\214lename) +6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sour)108 303.6 Q(ce) +-.18 E F3(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02 +(Read and e)144 315.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from).15 F F3 +(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02 +(vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.458 +(status of the last command e)144 327.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.458 +(cuted from).15 F F3(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f)-6.458 E F3 +(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F +.608(names in)144 339.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 +E F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F3 +(\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in) +-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 351.6 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.332 E F0 .832 +(is not in)3.332 F F3 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 (he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982 (\214le is found in)144 363.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F2(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 @@ -296,2615 +302,2717 @@ E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F2(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 375.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F (y)-.15 E F3(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F 2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F3 -(\214lename)144 387.6 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842 -(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342(the positional parameters are unchanged.) -2.842 F .341(The return status is the)5.341 F .716 -(status of the last command e)144 399.6 R .716 -(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F3(\214lename)145.91 411.6 -Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F2(alias)108 428.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F2<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F3(value)A F0 2.5(].) -C(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144 440.4 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724 +(\214lename)144 387.6 Q F0 1.697(is e)4.197 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.197 +(cuted. Otherwise).15 F 1.697(the positional parameters are unchanged.) +4.197 F 1.697(If the)6.697 F F2<ad54>4.197 E F0 1.696(option is)4.197 F +(enabled,)144 399.6 Q F2(sour)3.617 E(ce)-.18 E F0 1.117(inherits an) +3.617 F 3.617(yt)-.15 G 1.117(rap on)-3.617 F F2(DEB)3.617 E(UG)-.1 E F0 +3.618(;i)C 3.618(fi)-3.618 G 3.618(ti)-3.618 G 3.618(sn)-3.618 G 1.118 +(ot, an)-3.618 F(y)-.15 E F2(DEB)3.618 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.118 +(trap string is sa)3.618 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.618(da).15 G(nd)-3.618 E .36 +(restored around the call to)144 411.6 R F2(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 +2.86(,a)C(nd)-2.86 E F2(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 .36(unsets the)2.86 F +F2(DEB)2.86 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .36(trap while it e)2.86 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.86 +(cutes. If).15 F F2<ad54>2.86 E F0(is)2.86 E 1.435 +(not set, and the sourced \214le changes the)144 423.6 R F2(DEB)3.935 E +(UG)-.1 E F0 1.435(trap, the ne)3.935 F 3.935(wv)-.25 G 1.435 +(alue is retained when)-4.185 F F2(sour)3.935 E(ce)-.18 E F0 3.763 +(completes. The)144 435.6 R 1.262 +(return status is the status of the last command e)3.763 F 1.262 +(xited within the script \(0 if no)-.15 F(commands are e)144 447.6 Q +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted\), and f).15 E(alse if)-.1 E F3(\214lename)4.41 E +F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F2(alias)108 464.4 Q F0([)2.5 +E F2<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F3(value)A F0 2.5(].)C +(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144 476.4 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724 (guments or with the)-.18 F F2<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724 -(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F2(alias)5.224 E -F3(name)144 452.4 Q F0(=)A F3(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F +(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F2(alias)5.225 E +F3(name)144 488.4 Q F0(=)A F3(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F .58(When ar)5.58 F .58 (guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F3(name) -3.08 E F0(whose)144 464.4 Q F3(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.895(n. A).15 F .395(trailing space in)2.895 F F3(value) -5.395 E F0 .395(causes the ne)2.895 F .395(xt w)-.15 F .395 -(ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054 -(stitution when the alias is e)144 476.4 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054 -(or each)-.15 F F3(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054 -(gument list for which no)-.18 F F3(value)2.554 E F0 .054(is sup-)2.554 -F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 488.4 R 1.314 +3.08 E F0(whose)144 500.4 Q F3(value)2.508 E F0 .009(is gi)2.508 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F3(value) +2.509 E F0 .009(causes the ne)2.509 F .009(xt w)-.15 F .009 +(ord to be check)-.1 F .009(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 +(tution when the alias is e)144 512.4 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579 +(or each)-.15 F F3(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579 +(gument list for which no)-.18 F F3(value)3.079 E F0 .578(is sup-)3.078 +F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 524.4 R 1.314 (alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F2(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 -(returns true unless a)3.814 F F3(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E -(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 500.4 Q F2(bg)108 517.2 Q F0([) -2.5 E F3(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 -529.2 R F3(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745 -(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F2(&)3.245 E -F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F3(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 541.2 Q F0 .672 -(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) --3.172 F F3(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2 -(bg)5.671 E F3(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418 -(when job control is disabled or)144 553.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 -(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G -(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F3(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G -(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 565.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 -E F2(bind)108 582 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 594 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +(returns true unless a)3.814 F F3(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E +(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 536.4 Q F2(bg)108 553.2 Q F0([) +2.5 E F3(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .745(Resume each suspended job)144 +565.2 R F3(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745 +(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F2(&)3.244 E +F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F3(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 577.2 Q F0 .671 +(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) +-3.171 F F3(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2 +(bg)5.672 E F3(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419 +(when job control is disabled or)144 589.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 +(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G +(peci\214ed)-2.918 E F3(jobspec)2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sn).1 G +(ot)-2.918 E(found or w)144 601.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 +E F2(bind)108 618 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 +2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 630 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 <ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad71>-2.5 E F3 (function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F3(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2<ad72>-2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 606 Q F0([) +F2<ad72>-2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 642 Q F0([) 2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2<ad66>2.5 E F3 -(\214lename)2.5 E F2(bind)108 618 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G +(\214lename)2.5 E F2(bind)108 654 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G (ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2<ad78>2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 630 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 +(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 666 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 642 Q F3 -.37(re)2.5 G -(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 654 R F2 -.18(re) -2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239 -(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238 -(equence to a).15 F F2 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or) -2.738 F .475(macro, or set a)144 666 R F2 -.18(re)2.975 G(adline).18 E -F0 -.25(va)2.975 G 2.975(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F -.476(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .476(ould appear in)-.1 F F3 -(.inputr)144 678 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.984(,b).31 G .484 -(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.184 F -.483(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 -(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 690 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E -.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6d>144 702 -Q F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 714 Q F3 -.1(ke)5.158 G(ymap)-.2 -E F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af).15 F 2.659 -(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.659 E F3 -.1(ke) -180 726 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F3 3.193 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192 -(d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E -F0(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(1)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 678 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 +G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -.37(re)C +(adline\255command).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 690 R F2 -.18(re) +2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239 +(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239 +(equence to a).15 F F2 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 .239(function or) +2.739 F .476(macro, or set a)144 702 R F2 -.18(re)2.976 G(adline).18 E +F0 -.25(va)2.976 G 2.976(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F +.475(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .475(ould appear in)-.1 F F3 +(.inputr)144 714 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.983(,b).31 G .484 +(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.183 F +.484(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 +(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 726 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E +.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 +768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(1)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 2 2 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(vi\255command)180 84 Q F0 4.429(,a)C(nd)-4.429 E F1 -(vi\255insert)4.429 E F0(.).68 E F1(vi)6.929 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F --.25(va)-.25 G 1.929(lent to).25 F F1(vi\255command)4.429 E F0(;)A F1 -(emacs)4.429 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.93(lent to).25 -F F1(emacs\255standar)180 96 Q(d)-.37 E F0(.)A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -<ad6c>144 108 Q F0(List the names of all)27.52 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G -(adline).18 E F0(functions.)2.5 E F2<ad70>144 120 Q F0(Display)24.74 E -F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -(function names and bindings in such a w)2.5 E(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc) --.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2<ad50>144 132 Q 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F1<ad66>144 240 Q F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0(Read k)180 252 Q +.3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings from).15 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +<ad71>144 264 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0(Query about which k)180 276 Q -.15 +(ey)-.1 G 2.5(si).15 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.5 H .2 -.1(ke t).4 H(he named).1 +E F2(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 288 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 +(Unbind all k)180 300 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sb).15 G(ound to the named) +-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad72>144 312 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq) +-.2 E F0(Remo)180 324 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .3 -.15(ny c).15 H +(urrent binding for).15 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(.)A F1<ad78>144 +336 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F1(:)A F2(shell\255command)A F0(Cause) +180 348 Q F2(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E F2 -.1(ke)4.325 G +(yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F(When)6.825 E F2(shell\255com-) +4.325 E(mand)180 360 Q F0 1.764(is e)4.264 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765 (cuted, the shell 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.829(List all k)23.08 F 1.129 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 +(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F1<ad58>144 408 +Q F0 .83(List all k)180 408 R 1.13 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 (equences bound to shell commands and the associated commands in a for) -.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 384 Q(The return v) -144 400.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 +.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 420 Q(The return v) +144 436.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5 -E F2(br)108 417.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .055 -(Exit from within a)144 429.6 R F2 -.25(fo)2.555 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F2 -(while)2.555 E F0(,)A F2(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F2 -(select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F1(n)2.555 E F0 .055 -(is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F1(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ls.).15 E F1(n)5.414 E F0 .054(must be)2.794 F/F5 10/Symbol SF<b3>2.554 -E F0(1.)2.554 E(If)144 441.6 Q F1(n)3.074 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ - number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.954 F 2.715 -(xited. The)-.15 F .215(return v)2.715 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 -453.6 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F2 -.2 -(bu)108 470.4 S(iltin).2 E F1(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E -F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 482.4 Q .793 -(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .793(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F1 +E F1(br)108 453.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .054 +(Exit from within a)144 465.6 R F1 -.25(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 +(while)2.554 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1 +(select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0 .055 +(is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ls.).15 E F2(n)5.415 E F0 .055(must be)2.795 F/F5 10/Symbol SF<b3>2.555 +E F0(1.)2.555 E(If)144 477.6 Q F2(n)3.075 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ + number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.955 F 2.714 +(xited. The)-.15 F .214(return v)2.714 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 +489.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F1 -.2 +(bu)108 506.4 S(iltin).2 E F2(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E +F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 518.4 Q .792 +(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .792(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 (ar)3.293 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.293(,a).27 G .793(nd return its e)-3.293 -F .792(xit status.)-.15 F .792(This is useful)5.792 F .615 +F .793(xit status.)-.15 F .793(This is useful)5.793 F .616 (when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144 -494.4 R .616(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 -506.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F2(cd)3.07 E F0 +530.4 R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 +542.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 -.2(bu)3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E -5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 518.4 Q(alse if)-.1 -E F1(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E -(uiltin command.)-.2 E F2(caller)108 535.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)C(pr) -.2 E F0(])A .253(Returns the conte)144 547.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F +5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 554.4 Q(alse if)-.1 +E F2(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E +(uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 571.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) +.2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 583.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F 2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254 (ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.254(cuted with the).15 F F2(.)2.754 E F0(or)2.754 E F2(sour)144 559.2 Q -(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G 2.825(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F1 -.2 -(ex)2.825 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.825 E F0 .324 +.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F1(sour)144 595.2 Q +(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.824 G 2.824(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 +(ex)2.824 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.824 E F0 .324 (displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)2.824 F -.253(subroutine call.)144 571.2 R .253(If a non-ne)5.253 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G(ti).05 E .553 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 -F F1 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.753 E F0 .254 -(displays the line number)2.754 F 2.754(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.754 E 1.327(rou\ +.254(subroutine call.)144 607.2 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G(ti).05 E .554 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 +F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .253 +(displays the line number)2.753 F 2.753(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.753 E 1.327(rou\ tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ -ent e)144 583.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.327(cution call stack.).15 F(This e) -144 595.2 Q(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 E .001 -(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F .001(The current frame is frame) -5.001 F 3.02(0. The)144 607.2 R .52(return v)3.02 F .52 -(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .519 -(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F1 -.2(ex)3.019 G(pr).2 E F0 .519 -(does not corre-)3.019 F(spond to a v)144 619.2 Q -(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F2(cd)108 636 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -<ad4c>A F0(|[)A F2<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F2<ad65>A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F1 -(dir)A F0(])A .321(Change the current directory to)144 648 R F1(dir) -2.821 E F0 5.321(.i)C(f)-5.321 E F1(dir)2.821 E F0 .322 -(is not supplied, the v)2.821 F .322(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.822 E -F0 .322(shell v)2.572 F .322(ariable is)-.25 F 1.036(the def)144 660 R -3.536(ault. An)-.1 F 3.536(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.536 F 1.035 -(guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F1(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.) -3.535 F 1.035(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)3.535 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.285 E .849 -(the search path for the directory containing)144 672 R F1(dir)3.349 E -F0 3.35(:e).73 G .85(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.35 E -.855 -(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .85(is searched for)3.1 F F1(dir)144 684 Q F0 -5.665(.A)C(lternati)-5.665 E .965 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 +ent e)144 619.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001 +(This e)144 631.2 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001 +(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F(The current frame is frame)5 E +3.019(0. The)144 643.2 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519 +(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52 +(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52 +(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 655.2 Q +(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F1(cd)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +<ad4c>A F0(|[)A F1<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F2 +(dir)A F0(])A .322(Change the current directory to)144 684 R F2(dir) +2.822 E F0 5.322(.i)C(f)-5.322 E F2(dir)2.822 E F0 .321 +(is not supplied, the v)2.822 F .321(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.821 E +F0 .321(shell v)2.571 F .321(ariable is)-.25 F 1.035(the def)144 696 R +3.535(ault. An)-.1 F 3.535(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.535 F 1.035 +(guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F2(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.) +3.535 F 1.036(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)3.536 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.286 E .85 +(the search path for the directory containing)144 708 R F2(dir)3.35 E F0 +3.35(:e).73 G .849(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.349 E -.855 +(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .849(is searched for)3.099 F F2(dir)144 720 Q F0 +5.664(.A)C(lternati)-5.664 E .964 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 (irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .664 -(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 696 Q F3(CDP)4.162 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0 1.662(is the same as the current directory)3.912 F 4.162 -(,i)-.65 G 1.662(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E F2(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662(.I) -.74 G(f)-6.662 E F1(dir)4.513 E F0(be)4.893 E 1.663 -(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)144 708 Q -.855(AT)-.666 G -(H).855 E F0 .347(is not used. The)2.598 F F2<ad50>2.847 E F0 .347 -(option causes)2.847 F F2(cd)2.847 E F0 .347(to use the ph)2.847 F .347 -(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 -(symbolic links while tra)144 720 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F1(dir) -3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F1(..)3.62 E F0 -(in)3.62 E F1(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F2<ad50>3.62 E F0 -(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(2)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .665 +(ull directory name)-3.165 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E +(2)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 3 3 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .395 -(option to the)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(set)2.895 E F0 -.2(bu) -2.895 G .395(iltin command\); the).2 F F1<ad4c>2.895 E F0 .395 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(in)144 84 Q/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CDP)4.163 +E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 1.663 +(is the same as the current directory)3.913 F 4.162(,i)-.65 G 1.662 +(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662 +(.I).74 G(f)-6.662 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)4.512 E F0(be)4.892 E +1.662(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F1(CDP)144 96 Q -.855(AT) +-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .19(is not used.)2.44 F(The)5.191 E F2<ad50>2.691 E +F0 .191(option causes)2.691 F F2(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 +F .191(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 +(symbolic links while tra)144 108 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F3(dir) +3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F3(..)3.62 E F0 +(in)3.62 E F3(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F2<ad50>3.62 E F0 +.395(option to the)144 120 R F2(set)2.895 E F0 -.2(bu)2.895 G .395 +(iltin command\); the).2 F F2<ad4c>2.895 E F0 .395 (option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.895 F .395(wed by resolv-) --.25 F .443(ing the link after processing instances of)144 96 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(..)2.943 E F0(in)2.943 E F2(dir)2.943 E F0 5.443(.I)C -(f)-5.443 E F2(..)2.943 E F0 .443(appears in)2.943 F F2(dir)2.943 E F0 -2.943(,i)C 2.943(ti)-2.943 G 2.944(sp)-2.943 G .444(rocessed by remo) --2.944 F(ving)-.15 E .744(the immediately pre)144 108 R .744 -(vious pathname component from)-.25 F F2(dir)3.244 E F0 3.244(,b)C .744 -(ack to a slash or the be)-3.244 F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F2(dir)3.244 E -F0(.)A 1.465(If the)144 120 R F1<ad65>3.965 E F0 1.465 -(option is supplied with)3.965 F F1<ad50>3.965 E F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465 -(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.466 -(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .468 -(determined after a successful directory change,)144 132 R F1(cd)2.968 E -F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .467(On systems) -5.467 F .336(that support it, the)144 144 R F1<ad40>2.836 E F0 .336 -(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .337 +-.25 F .444(ing the link after processing instances of)144 132 R F3(..) +2.943 E F0(in)2.943 E F3(dir)2.943 E F0 5.443(.I)C(f)-5.443 E F3(..) +2.943 E F0 .443(appears in)2.943 F F3(dir)2.943 E F0 2.943(,i)C 2.943 +(ti)-2.943 G 2.943(sp)-2.943 G .443(rocessed by remo)-2.943 F(ving)-.15 +E .744(the immediately pre)144 144 R .744(vious pathname component from) +-.25 F F3(dir)3.244 E F0 3.244(,b)C .744(ack to a slash or the be)-3.244 +F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F3(dir)3.244 E F0(.)A 1.466(If the)144 156 R F2 +<ad65>3.966 E F0 1.466(option is supplied with)3.966 F F2<ad50>3.965 E +F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.465 +(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .467 +(determined after a successful directory change,)144 168 R F2(cd)2.968 E +F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .468(On systems) +5.468 F .337(that support it, the)144 180 R F2<ad40>2.837 E F0 .336 +(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .336 (utes associated with a \214le as a directory)-.2 F(.)-.65 E .71(An ar) -144 156 R .71(gument of)-.18 F F1<ad>3.21 E F0 .71(is con)3.21 F -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .71(rted to).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($OLDPWD)3.21 E F0 .71 +144 192 R .71(gument of)-.18 F F2<ad>3.21 E F0 .71(is con)3.21 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .71(rted to).15 F F1($OLDPWD)3.21 E F0 .71 (before the directory change is attempted.)2.96 F .71(If a non-)5.71 F -.106(empty directory name from)144 168 R F3(CDP)2.606 E -.855(AT)-.666 G -(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.356 F F1<ad>2.607 E F0 .107 -(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .107(gument, and the directory change)-.18 F -.038(is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 180 R 2.538(ww) +.107(empty directory name from)144 204 R F1(CDP)2.607 E -.855(AT)-.666 G +(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.357 F F2<ad>2.607 E F0 .106 +(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .106(gument, and the directory change)-.18 F +.038(is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 216 R 2.538(ww) -.25 G .038(orking directory is written to the standard output.)-2.638 F -(The return v)144 192 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E -(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1(command)108 -208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 220.8 Q F2(command)2.956 E F0(with) -3.527 E F2(ar)3.087 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .257 -(suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only b)3.027 F .257 -(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 232.8 R F3 --.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.002 -(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi)3.002 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.201 E F0(is) -3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 244.8 R .399(ault v)-.1 F .399 -(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4 +(The return v)144 228 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E +(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F2(command)108 +244.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255pVv)A F0(])A F3(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3 +(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 256.8 Q F3(command)2.765 E F0(with) +3.335 E F3(ar)2.895 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 +(suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.835 F .064(Only b)5.064 +F .064(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .501(commands found in the)144 268.8 R +F1 -.666(PA)3.001 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.751 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F2<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) +3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .502(n, the search for).15 F F3(command)3.202 E +F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 280.8 R .4(ault v)-.1 F .4 +(alue for)-.25 F F1 -.666(PA)2.9 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .399 (that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If) -5.4 E .175(either the)144 256.8 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1<ad76> -2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F2(command) -2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F1<ad76>2.674 E F0 .174 -(option causes)2.674 F 3.317(as)144 268.8 S .817(ingle w)-3.317 F .817 -(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.618 E F0 .818(to be displayed; the)4.088 F F1 -<ad56>144 280.8 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25 -(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or) -2.749 E F1<ad76>2.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249 -(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 292.8 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1 -(wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005 -(If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F2 -(command)144.2 304.8 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599 -(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598 -(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 316.8 S -(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F1 -(compgen)108 333.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 345.6 R -F2(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513 -E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982 -(accepted by the)144 357.6 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 -(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F1<ad70>3.481 E F0(and) -3.481 E F1<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the) --3.481 F 1.415(standard output.)144 369.6 R 1.415(When using the)6.415 F -F1<ad46>3.915 E F0(or)3.915 E F1<ad43>3.915 E F0 1.415(options, the v) -3.915 F 1.415(arious shell v)-.25 F 1.415(ariables set by the pro-)-.25 -F(grammable completion f)144 381.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va) --.2 G(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.) --.25 E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 405.6 R .352 +5.399 E .174(either the)144 292.8 R F2<ad56>2.674 E F0(or)2.674 E F2 +<ad76>2.674 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.674 F F3 +(command)2.875 E F0 .175(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.175 E F2<ad76>2.675 E +F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.318(as)144 304.8 S .818(ingle w)-3.318 F +.817(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo) +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3(command)3.617 E F0 .817(to be displayed; the)4.087 +F F2<ad56>144 316.8 Q F0 .249(option produces a more v)2.749 F .249 +(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.249 F F2<ad56>2.749 E F0(or) +2.749 E F2<ad76>2.75 E F0 .25(option is supplied, the e)2.75 F .25 +(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 328.8 R F3(command)3.705 E F0 -.1 +(wa)4.275 G 3.505(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.505 F 1.004 +(If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F3 +(command)144.2 340.8 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599 +(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.599 +(xit status of the)-.15 F F2(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 352.8 S +(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F3(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F2 +(compgen)108 369.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(wor)-2.5 E(d) +-.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 381.6 R +F3(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F3(option)2.513 +E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.512(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.512 E .981 +(accepted by the)144 393.6 R F2(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F2<ad70>3.481 E F0(and) +3.481 E F2<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the) +-3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 405.6 R .131(When using the)5.131 F +F2<ad46>2.631 E F0(or)2.631 E F2<ad43>2.631 E F0 .131(options, the v) +2.631 F .13(arious shell v)-.25 F .13(ariables set by the program-)-.25 +F(mable completion f)144 417.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G +(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25 +E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 441.6 R .352 (ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\ em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144 -417.6 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) -2.52 F(those completions matching)144 429.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 453.6 Q +453.6 R(If)5.02 E F3(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) +2.52 F(those completions matching)144 465.6 Q F3(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 489.6 Q (alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F1 -(complete)108 470.4 Q F0([)3.729 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.729(][)C -F1<ad6f>-3.729 E F2(comp-option)3.729 E F0 3.729(][)C F1(\255DE)-3.729 E -F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad41>-3.728 E F2(action)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad47> --3.728 E F2(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad57>-3.728 E F2(wor)3.728 -E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad46>-3.728 E F2(func-)3.728 E(tion)108 -482.4 Q F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 494.4 Q -F1<ad58>A F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad50>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F2(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(]) -A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 -506.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.634(Specify ho)144 518.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634 -(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.134 E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134 -F .633(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.133 E F0 .633 +(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F2 +(complete)108 506.4 Q F0([)3.728 E F2(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.728(][)C +F2<ad6f>-3.728 E F3(comp-option)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F2(\255DE)-3.728 E +F0 3.728(][)C F2<ad41>-3.728 E F3(action)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F2<ad47> +-3.728 E F3(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.729(][)C F2<ad57>-3.729 E F3(wor)3.729 +E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.729(][)C F2<ad46>-3.729 E F3(func-)3.729 E(tion)108 +518.4 Q F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F3(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 530.4 Q +F2<ad58>A F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad50>-2.5 E F3(pr)2.5 E +(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad53>-2.5 E F3(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(]) +A F3(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(name ...)A F0(])A F2(complete \255pr)108 +542.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E +.634(Specify ho)144 554.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634 +(uments to each).18 F F3(name)3.134 E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134 +F .633(If the)5.634 F F2<ad70>3.133 E F0 .633 (option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e)144 -530.4 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 +566.4 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F .14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.) -144 542.4 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2 +144 578.4 R(The)5.31 E F2<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F3 (name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C 1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E -F2(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.346 -(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 554.4 R(The)6.347 E -F1<ad44>3.847 E F0 1.347(option indicates that the remaining options) -3.847 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 566.4 R(`def)-.74 E +F3(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.346 +(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 590.4 R(The)6.347 E +F2<ad44>3.847 E F0 1.347(option indicates that the remaining options) +3.847 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 602.4 R(`def)-.74 E (ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144 -578.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 -(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F1<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955 +614.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F2<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955 (option indicates that)3.455 F .065 -(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 590.4 R +(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 626.4 R (`empty')-.74 E 2.564('c)-.74 G .064 (ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.564 F -(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 602.4 Q 1.437 +(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 638.4 Q 1.437 (The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 -626.4 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 -638.4 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E +662.4 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 +674.4 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(Pr)2.5 E (ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .556 -(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 662.4 R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 +(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 698.4 R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 (he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555 -(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.055 E F0 3.055 -(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F1<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722(options \(and, if necessary) -144 674.4 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E -F1<ad53>3.222 E F0 .723 +(guments to the)-.18 F F2<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F2<ad57>3.055 E F0 3.055 +(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F2<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722(options \(and, if necessary) +144 710.4 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F2<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E +F2<ad53>3.222 E F0 .723 (options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion before the)144 686.4 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 698.4 Q -F2(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 710.4 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291 -(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec') -.15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291 -(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 722.4 Q F2 -(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q +(sion before the)144 722.4 Q F2(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q (2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(3)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 4 4 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(bashdefault)184 84 Q F0 .281 -(Perform the rest of the def)224 96 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0 .281 -(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 108 Q F1 -(default)184 120 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')10 F 5.376(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.376 -E 2.875(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F -(matches.)224 132 Q F1(dir)184 144 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory \ -name completion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 156 Q F1 -(\214lenames)184 168 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 180 S .137(ll readline that the co\ -mpspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 -G(le-)-2.637 E .134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 192 R 2.634 -(ea)-.1 G .134(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F -.45(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 204 R .45 -(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 216 Q F1(noquote) -184 228 Q F0 -.7(Te)5.55 G .814 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6f>144 84 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 96 Q F2(comp-option) +2.791 E F0 .291(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291 +(ral aspects of the compspec').15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291 +(vior be)-.2 F .291(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.) +184 108 Q F2(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 +120 Q F0 .281(Perform the rest of the def)224 132 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) +2.781 E F0 .281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F +(matches.)224 144 Q F1(default)184 156 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')224 156 +R 5.376(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.376 E 2.875 +(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.) +224 168 Q F1(dir)184 180 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\ +etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 192 Q F1(\214lenames)184 +204 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 216 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \ +\214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.637 E +.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 228 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 +(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45 +(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 240 R .45 +(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 252 Q F1(noquote) +184 264 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 264 S .814 (ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F 3.314(ya)-.15 G .814(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F -(\214lenames is the def)224 240 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nospace)184 252 Q F0 --.7(Te)6.11 G .22(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22 -(ault\) to w)-.1 F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 -264 Q F1(plusdirs)184 276 Q F0 1.985(After an)5.54 F 4.485(ym)-.15 G -1.985(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name) --4.485 F .583(completion is attempted and an)224 288 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G -.584(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 -300 Q F1<ad41>144 312 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 -324 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(may be one of the follo)2.5 E +(\214lenames is the def)224 276 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 288 Q F0 +-.7(Te)224 288 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ +ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 300 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 300 S +.22(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22(ault\) to w)-.1 +F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 312 Q F1 +(plusdirs)184 324 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 324 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 +(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F +.583(completion is attempted and an)224 336 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 +(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 348 +Q F1<ad41>144 360 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 372 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0 +(may be one of the follo)2.5 E (wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184 -336 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 348 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 360 Q -(ariable names.)-.25 E F1 4.7(binding Readline)184 372 R F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G -2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 384 S(iltin).2 E F0 -(Names of shell b)11.85 E(uiltin commands.)-.2 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 396 -Q F0(Command names.)224 408 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 420 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 432 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 444 -Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 456 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 -468 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)6.66 E(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 -480 Q F0(Names of e)12.23 E(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) +384 Q F0(Alias names.)224 384 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61> +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 396 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 408 Q +(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 420 Q(Readline)224 420 Q F0 -.1 +(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 432 S(iltin) +.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 432 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 444 +Q F0(Command names.)224 456 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 468 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 480 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 492 +Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 504 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 +516 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 516 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 +528 Q F0(Names of e)224 528 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) -.25 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(\214le)184 -492 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(function)184 504 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 516 Q F1 -(gr)184 528 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)14.62 E +540 Q F0(File names.)224 540 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66> +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(function)184 552 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 564 +Q F1(gr)184 576 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)224 576 Q (May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad67>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(helptopic)184 -540 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 552 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 564 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 576 +588 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 600 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 612 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 624 Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 588 Q F0 -(Job names, if job control is acti)26.11 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G -(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 600 S -(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 612 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May) +(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 636 Q F0 +(Job names, if job control is acti)224 636 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G +(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 648 S +(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 660 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May) -.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(running)184 -624 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)5.54 E -.15(ve) --.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 636 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)10.67 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 648 Q -F0 -1.11(Va)14.45 G(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E -F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 -(shopt)184 660 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1 -(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 672 Q F0 -(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 684 Q F0 -(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)6.66 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(.) -.15 E F1(user)184 696 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 708 S -(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)5.1 E 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F -(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q +672 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)224 672 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 684 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)224 684 +Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 696 +Q F0 -1.11(Va)224 696 S(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F1<ad6f>2.5 +E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 +(shopt)184 708 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)224 708 Q F1 +(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q (2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(4)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 5 5 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad43>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E -(command)184 96 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056 -(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(signal)184 84 Q F0 +(Signal names.)224 84 Q F1(stopped)184 96 Q F0 +(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)224 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(.).15 E F1(user)184 108 Q F0(User names.)224 108 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 120 S +(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 120 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F +(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad43>144 132 Q/F2 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 144 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 (vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) -184 108 Q F1<ad46>144 120 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 .113 -(The shell function)184 132 R F2(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F +184 156 Q F1<ad46>144 168 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 .113 +(The shell function)184 180 R F2(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614 -(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 144 R +(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 192 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .817(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .817(gument \()-.18 F F1 ($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .816 (he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407 -(are being completed, the second ar)184 156 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 +(are being completed, the second ar)184 204 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 ($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407 -(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 168 R .104 +(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 216 R .104 (gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.604(\)i)C 2.604(st)-2.604 G .104(he w) -2.604 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .103 -(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 180 R +(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 228 R .101(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.101 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.602(df).15 G .102(rom the v)-2.602 F .102(alue of the) --.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)184 192 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 -E(ariable.)-.25 E F1<ad47>144 204 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008 -(The pathname e)184 216 R 1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 +-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)184 240 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 +E(ariable.)-.25 E F1<ad47>144 252 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008 +(The pathname e)184 264 R 1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-) --.15 F(tions.)184 228 Q F1<ad50>144 240 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) -184 252 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534 +-.15 F(tions.)184 276 Q F1<ad50>144 288 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) +184 300 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F --.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 264 Q F1<ad53>144 276 Q F2(suf)2.5 E -2.81(\214x suf)-.18 F<8c78>-.18 E F0 +-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 312 Q F1<ad53>144 324 Q F2(suf)2.5 E +<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 324 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 -E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 288 Q F2(wor)2.5 E -(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 300 Q F2(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 +E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 336 Q F2(wor)2.5 E +(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 348 Q F2(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 (is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139 (special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F 2.007 -(each resultant w)184 312 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507(xpanded. The)-.15 +(each resultant w)184 360 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507(xpanded. The)-.15 F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the)4.507 F -(resultant list which match the w)184 324 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E -F1<ad58>144 336 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 348 Q F0 .456 +(resultant list which match the w)184 372 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E +F1<ad58>144 384 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 396 Q F0 .456 (is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F .455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 -(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 360 R 1.596 -(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 372 Q F2(\214lterpat) +(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 408 R 1.596 +(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 420 Q F2(\214lterpat) 3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704 (rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 (in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704 -(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 384 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G +(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 432 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G (ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 400.8 R .466 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 448.8 R .466 (alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 (lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0 (or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362 -(plied without a)144 412.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361 +(plied without a)144 460.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361 (gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H -1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 424.8 Q F0 +1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 472.8 Q F0 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E -F1(compopt)108 441.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F1(compopt)108 489.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255DE)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 453.6 R +(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 501.6 R F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 .447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .726 -(completion if no)144 465.6 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726 +(completion if no)144 513.6 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726 (re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725 -(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 477.6 Q F2(name) +(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 525.6 Q F2(name) 3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v) 5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 -F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 489.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) +F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 537.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) 2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) -5.297 E F1<ad44>2.797 E F0 .297 (option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F -1.227(the `)144 501.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ +1.227(the `)144 549.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \ -no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 513.6 R 2.178 +no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 561.6 R 2.178 (viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.178 E F1<ad45>4.678 E F0 2.177 (option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F(should apply to `) -144 525.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G +144 573.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)-2.5 -E 1.387(The return v)144 549.6 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F +E 1.387(The return v)144 597.6 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.388 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the).25 F -(options for a)144 561.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(options for a)144 609.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 (for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E -(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 578.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 590.4 R 1.754 +(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 626.4 Q F0([) +2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 638.4 R 1.754 (xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1 (select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.613 E F0 1.753 -(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 602.4 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 +(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 650.4 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F4 10 /Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n)4.069 E F0 1.209 (is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514 -(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 614.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 +(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 662.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513 (The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.013 E F0(is) -3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 626.4 Q F1(declar)108 643.2 +3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 674.4 Q F1(declar)108 691.2 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1 -(typeset)108 655.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +(typeset)108 703.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 <ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 667.2 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F +(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 715.2 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) 3.765 E F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F --.25(va)144 679.2 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983 +-.25(va)144 727.2 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983 (option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982 (alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1 -<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 691.2 Q F2(name)2.774 E -F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1 -<ad66>2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F1<ad46>2.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275 -(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F1<ad70>2.775 E F0 .275(is supplied) -2.775 F(without)144 703.2 Q F2(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314 -(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.313 -(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 F -(attrib)144 715.2 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.) --.2 F 1.182(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F F1<ad70>3.682 -E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 -727.2 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12 -(ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.12 E F0 .62 -(option will restrict the display)3.12 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(5)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) +148.735 E(5)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 6 6 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 1.29 -(to shell functions.)144 84 R(The)6.29 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad46>3.79 -E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display of function de\214nitions; only \ -the function)3.791 F .948(name and attrib)144 96 R .948 -(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the)5.948 F F1(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E -F0 .948(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F1(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448 -(,t)C .948(he source)-3.448 F 1.342(\214le name and line number where t\ -he function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 108 R(The)6.342 E F1 -<ad46>3.842 E F0(option)3.842 E(implies)144 120 Q F1<ad66>3.892 E F0 -6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F1<ad67>3.892 E F0 1.391(option forces v)3.892 F -1.391(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F --.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 132 Q F1(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0 -1.882(is e)4.382 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.882(cuted in a shell function.).15 F +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(with)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name) +2.774 E F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 +F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F2<ad46>2.775 E F0 +2.775(,a)C .275(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F2<ad70>2.775 E F0 +.275(is supplied)2.775 F(without)144 96 Q F1(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E +2.314(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F +2.313(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 +F(attrib)144 108 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.)-.2 +F 1.182(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F F2<ad70>3.682 E F0 +(,)A F2(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 120 R +.62(utes and v)-.2 F .62(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12(ariables. The) +-.25 F F2<ad66>3.12 E F0 .62(option will restrict the display)3.12 F +1.29(to shell functions.)144 132 R(The)6.29 E F2<ad46>3.79 E F0 1.291(o\ +ption inhibits the display of function de\214nitions; only the function) +3.791 F .948(name and attrib)144 144 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948 +(If the)5.948 F F2(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948 +(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F2(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C +.948(he source)-3.448 F 1.69(\214le name and line number where each)144 +156 R F1(name)4.19 E F0 1.69(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)4.19 F +(The)6.69 E F2<ad46>4.19 E F0(option)4.19 E(implies)144 168 Q F2<ad66> +3.892 E F0 6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F2<ad67>3.892 E F0 1.391 +(option forces v)3.892 F 1.391 +(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 180 Q F2(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0 1.882 +(is e)4.382 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.882(cuted in a shell function.).15 F 1.883(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.882 F 1.883(The follo)6.883 F -(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 144 R +(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 192 R .794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 F -1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 156 Q(utes:)-.2 E F1 -<ad61>144 168 Q F0(Each)25.3 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0 -(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E -(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) -.15 E F1<ad41>144 180 Q F0(Each)23.08 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 -(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see) --.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad66>144 -192 Q F0(Use function names only)26.97 E(.)-.65 E F1<ad69>144 204 Q F0 -.557(The v)27.52 F .558(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558 -(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF .558(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION) -180 216 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G -(erformed when the v)-2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E -F1<ad6c>144 228 Q F0 .91(When the v)27.52 F .909 -(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909 -(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer) --.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 240 R(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E -(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 252 Q F0(Gi)24.74 E 1.619 -.15(ve e) --.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0(the)3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 -E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319(ute, making it a name reference to another v) --.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E 1.033(That other v)180 264 R 1.033 -(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F 1.033(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)3.533 -E F0 6.033(.A)C 1.033(ll references and assignments to)-6.033 F F2(name) -180 276 Q F0 4.032(,e)C 1.532(xcept for changing the)-4.182 F F1<ad6e> -4.032 E F0(attrib)4.032 E 1.532(ute itself, are performed on the v)-.2 F -1.533(ariable refer)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(enced by)180 288 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 -1.1 -.55('s v)D 2.5(alue. The).3 F F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(attrib)2.5 E -(ute cannot be applied to array v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad72>144 300 -Q F0(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C(eadonly)-5.047 E -7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F -2.546(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 312 -Q F1<ad74>144 324 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2 -(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E -2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 -E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0 -(traps from the calling shell.)180 336 Q(The trace attrib)5 E -(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 348 -Q F0 .91(When the v)24.74 F .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 204 Q(utes:)-.2 E F2 +<ad61>144 216 Q F0(Each)180 216 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5 +E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2<ad41>144 228 Q F0(Each)180 +228 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray v) +.15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +(\).).15 E F2<ad66>144 240 Q F0(Use function names only)180 240 Q(.)-.65 +E F2<ad69>144 252 Q F0 .557(The v)180 252 R .558 +(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558 +(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 264 Q F0(abo)2.25 +E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v)-2.5 E +(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F2<ad6c>144 276 Q F0 .91 +(When the v)180 276 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 +G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 288 R +(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F2<ad6e>144 300 Q +F0(Gi)180 300 Q 1.619 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F1(name)3.819 E F0(the) +3.819 E F1(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 +(ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E +1.519(That other v)180 312 R 1.519(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F +1.518(alue of)-.25 F F1(name)4.018 E F0 6.518(.A)C 1.518 +(ll references, assignments, and)-6.518 F(attrib)180 324 Q .226 +(ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F1(name)2.726 E F0 2.726(,e)C .226 +(xcept those using or changing the)-2.876 F F2<ad6e>2.726 E F0(attrib) +2.726 E .227(ute itself, are)-.2 F .809(performed on the v)180 336 R +.809(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F1(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D +3.308(alue. The).3 F .808(nameref attrib)3.308 F .808(ute cannot be)-.2 +F(applied to array v)180 348 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F2<ad72>144 360 Q F0 +(Mak)180 360 Q(e)-.1 E F1(name)5.046 E F0 5.046(sr)C(eadonly)-5.046 E +7.546(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.546 F +2.547(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 372 +Q F2<ad74>144 384 Q F0(Gi)180 384 Q .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F1 +(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F1(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E +2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F2(DEB)2.929 +E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F2(RETURN)2.929 E F0 +(traps from the calling shell.)180 396 Q(The trace attrib)5 E +(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F2<ad75>144 408 +Q F0 .909(When the v)180 408 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 (alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 360 R(lo) -2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78>144 -372 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E -(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .12 -(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 388.8 R 2.62(ft)-.25 G .12 -(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .121 -(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F -.645(to destro)144 400.8 R 3.145(ya)-.1 G 3.145(na)-3.145 G .645(rray v) --3.145 F .645(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) -3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.144 -(ute. When)-.2 F .644(used in a func-)3.144 F(tion,)144 412.8 Q F1 -(declar)2.835 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)2.835 E F1(typeset)2.835 E F0(mak)2.835 -E 2.835(ee)-.1 G(ach)-2.835 E F2(name)2.835 E F0 .335 -(local, as with the)2.835 F F1(local)2.835 E F0 .335 -(command, unless the)2.835 F F1<ad67>2.835 E F0(option)2.835 E 1.283 -(is supplied.)144 424.8 R 1.283(If a v)6.283 F 1.283 -(ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.283(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 3.783 -(,t)C 1.283(he v)-3.783 F 1.283(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.282 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.782 E F0(.)A .926(When using)144 -436.8 R F1<ad61>3.426 E F0(or)3.426 E F1<ad41>3.426 E F0 .927 -(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)3.426 F .927 -(ariables, additional)-.25 F(attrib)144 448.8 Q .592(utes do not tak)-.2 +(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 420 R(lo)2.5 +E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F2<ad78>144 432 Q +F0(Mark)180 432 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E +(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .121 +(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 448.8 R 2.621(ft)-.25 G .121 +(he attrib)-2.621 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .12 +(xceptions that)-.15 F F2(+a)2.62 E F0 .12(may not be used)2.62 F .644 +(to destro)144 460.8 R 3.144(ya)-.1 G 3.144(na)-3.144 G .644(rray v) +-3.144 F .644(ariable and)-.25 F F2(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) +3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.145 +(ute. When)-.2 F .645(used in a func-)3.145 F(tion,)144 472.8 Q F2 +(declar)2.835 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)2.835 E F2(typeset)2.835 E F0(mak)2.835 +E 2.835(ee)-.1 G(ach)-2.835 E F1(name)2.835 E F0 .335 +(local, as with the)2.835 F F2(local)2.835 E F0 .335 +(command, unless the)2.835 F F2<ad67>2.835 E F0(option)2.835 E 1.282 +(is supplied.)144 484.8 R 1.282(If a v)6.282 F 1.283 +(ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.283(wed by =)-.25 F F1(value)A F0 3.783 +(,t)C 1.283(he v)-3.783 F 1.283(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.283 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(value)3.783 E F0(.)A .927(When using)144 +496.8 R F2<ad61>3.427 E F0(or)3.427 E F2<ad41>3.427 E F0 .926 +(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)3.427 F .926 +(ariables, additional)-.25 F(attrib)144 508.8 Q .592(utes do not tak)-.2 F 3.092(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.092 G .592 (ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .592(The return v)5.592 F .592 (alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .429 (option is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using) -144 460.8 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .429(\255f foo=bar)2.929 F F0 2.929(,a)C -2.929(na)-2.929 G .429(ttempt is)-2.929 F .063(made to assign a v)144 -472.8 R .063(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .062 -(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .062 +144 520.8 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .428(\255f foo=bar)2.929 F F0 2.928(,a)C +2.928(na)-2.928 G .428(ttempt is)-2.928 F .062(made to assign a v)144 +532.8 R .062(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .063 +(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .063 (alue to an array v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 E .102 -(able without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 484.8 R F1 +(able without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 544.8 R F2 (Arrays)2.602 E F0(abo)2.602 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .102(\), one of the).15 F -F2(names)2.602 E F0 .102(is not a)2.602 F -.25(va)144 496.8 S .172 +F1(names)2.602 E F0 .101(is not a)2.602 F -.25(va)144 556.8 S .171 (lid shell v).25 F .171(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 -F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .171 -(ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 508.8 R 3.46(fa) +F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .172 +(ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 568.8 R 3.46(fa) -.25 G .96(rray status for an array v)-3.46 F .96 -(ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 520.8 Q -(xistent function with)-.15 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 537.6 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1 -(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 549.6 S .329 +(ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 580.8 Q +(xistent function with)-.15 E F2<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 +(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 597.6 Q F1(n)A F2 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F2 +(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 609.6 S .328 (thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.) -.4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 -(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 561.6 R 1.238 -(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 573.6 Q -F0(command; the)2.5 E F1(popd)2.5 E F0(command remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.5(se).15 G(ntries from the list.)-2.5 E F1<ad63>144 585.6 Q F0 -(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)25.86 E F1 -<ad6c>144 597.6 Q F0 .882 -(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)27.52 F .881 +.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 +(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 621.6 R 1.238 +(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F2(pushd)144 633.6 Q +F0 2.003(command; the)4.503 F F2(popd)4.503 E F0 2.003(command remo) +4.503 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.503(se).15 G 2.003(ntries from the list.)-4.503 +F 2.003(The current directory is)7.003 F(al)144 645.6 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G +(ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F2<ad63>144 657.6 Q F0 +(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 657.6 Q +F2<ad6c>144 669.6 Q F0 .882 +(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 669.6 R .881 (ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180 -609.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 621.6 Q F0 -(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)24.74 E F1<ad76>144 -633.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre\ -\214xing each entry with its inde)25.3 F 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773(nt)-2.773 -G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 645.6 Q F1(+)144 657.6 Q F2(n)A F0 1.565 -(Displays the)25.3 F F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 -(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1 -(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 669.6 Q F1<ad>144 681.6 Q F2 -(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)25.3 F F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 -(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F -F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 693.6 Q .258(The return v)144 -710.4 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 -(lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) --.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) -.15 F(tory stack.)144 722.4 Q(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 -E(6)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +681.6 Q(.)-.65 E F2<ad70>144 693.6 Q F0 +(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 693.6 Q F2<ad76> +144 705.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ +pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 705.6 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773 +(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 717.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q +(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(6)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 7 7 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(diso)108 84 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ar)A F0 2.5 -(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)-2.5 E -F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 96 S .121(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15 -(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122 -(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.622(obs. If).15 -F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932 F .096 -(neither the)144 108 R F1<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F F1<ad72> -2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E .096 -(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1<ad68> -2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each).15 F -F2(jobspec)144 120 Q F0 .672(is not remo)3.482 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.172 -(df).15 G .672(rom the table, b)-3.172 F .672(ut is mark)-.2 F .672 -(ed so that)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.172 E F0 .673 -(is not sent to the job if the)2.922 F .962(shell recei)144 132 R -.15 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(+)144 84 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 1.565(Displays the)180 84 R F2(n)4.065 E F0 +1.565(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 +F F1(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 +E(without options, starting with zero.)180 96 Q F1<ad>144 108 Q F2(n)A +F0 1.194(Displays the)180 108 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 +(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F +F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +(without options, starting with zero.)180 120 Q .258(The return v)144 +136.8 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 +(lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) +.15 F(tory stack.)144 148.8 Q F1(diso)108 165.6 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 +(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 177.6 S .121 +(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec) +4.362 E F0 .122(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H +2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932 +F .096(neither the)144 189.6 R F1<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F +F1<ad72>2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E +.096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1 +<ad68>2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each) +.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 201.6 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G 3.085(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.085 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F +.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586 +(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 213.6 R -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F3(SIGHUP)A/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962 (If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1 <ad61>3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15 -H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 144 R F1 +H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 225.6 R F1 <ad72>3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F2(jobspec)5.598 E F0 (ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F -1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 156 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 +1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 237.6 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 (jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E -F1(echo)108 172.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 184.8 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E +F1(echo)108 254.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g) +-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 266.4 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E F0 .424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924 (wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307 -(error occurs.)144 196.8 R(If)5.307 E F1<ad6e>2.807 E F0 .307 +(error occurs.)144 278.4 R(If)5.307 E F1<ad6e>2.807 E F0 .307 (is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 F .308(If the)5.308 F F1<ad65>2.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.349(pretation of the follo)144 -208.8 R 1.348(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) +290.4 R 1.348(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) 6.348 E F1<ad45>3.848 E F0 1.348(option disables the)3.848 F 1.054 -(interpretation of these escape characters, e)144 220.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +(interpretation of these escape characters, e)144 302.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.555 (ya)-.15 G 1.055(re interpreted by def)-3.555 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144 -232.8 Q F1(xpg_echo)3.459 E F0 .959 +314.4 Q F1(xpg_echo)3.459 E F0 .959 (shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.459 F F1(echo)3.458 E F0 -.15(ex)3.458 G(pands).15 E .715 -(these escape characters by def)144 244.8 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.715 E +(these escape characters by def)144 326.4 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.715 E F0 .716(does not interpret)3.215 F F1<adad>3.216 E F0 .716 (to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F1(echo)5.716 E F0 -(interprets the follo)144 256.8 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a) -144 268.8 Q F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 280.8 Q F0(backspace) -27.66 E F1(\\c)144 292.8 Q F0(suppress further output)28.78 E F1(\\e)144 -304.8 Q(\\E)144 316.8 Q F0(an escape character)26.55 E F1(\\f)144 328.8 -Q F0(form feed)29.89 E F1(\\n)144 340.8 Q F0(ne)27.66 E 2.5(wl)-.25 G -(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 352.8 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144 -364.8 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F1(\\v)144 376.8 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G -(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144 388.8 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F1(\\0)144 -400.8 Q F2(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.22 E -(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0 -(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 412.8 Q F2(HH)A F0 -(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E(alue is the he)-.25 E -(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh) --.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1(\\u)144 424.8 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 -1.507(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 436.8 R 1.506 +(interprets the follo)144 338.4 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a) +144 350.4 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 350.4 Q F1(\\b)144 362.4 Q F0 +(backspace)180 362.4 Q F1(\\c)144 374.4 Q F0(suppress further output)180 +374.4 Q F1(\\e)144 386.4 Q(\\E)144 398.4 Q F0(an escape character)180 +398.4 Q F1(\\f)144 410.4 Q F0(form feed)180 410.4 Q F1(\\n)144 422.4 Q +F0(ne)180 422.4 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 434.4 Q F0 +(carriage return)180 434.4 Q F1(\\t)144 446.4 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 +446.4 Q F1(\\v)144 458.4 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 458.4 S(rtical tab).15 E F1 +(\\\\)144 470.4 Q F0(backslash)180 470.4 Q F1(\\0)144 482.4 Q F2(nnn)A +F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 482.4 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 +E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1 +(\\x)144 494.4 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 494.4 Q +(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0 +(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1 +(\\u)144 506.4 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.507 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 518.4 R 1.506 (alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) -4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 448.8 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 -(\\U)144 460.8 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 472.8 R .547 +4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 530.4 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 +(\\U)144 542.4 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 554.4 R .547 (alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) -3.048 E(HHH)180 484.8 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G -(igits\))-2.5 E F1(enable)108 501.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C +3.048 E(HHH)180 566.4 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G +(igits\))-2.5 E F1(enable)108 583.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 513.6 R +(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 595.2 R .278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278 (uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833 -(the same name as a shell b)144 525.6 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 +(the same name as a shell b)144 607.2 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99 -(the shell normally searches for b)144 537.6 R .989 +(the shell normally searches for b)144 619.2 R .989 (uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .989 (is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F 1.581 -(abled; otherwise,)144 549.6 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) +(abled; otherwise,)144 631.2 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) 4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F F3 -.666(PA)4.082 -G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 561.6 R .081(uiltin v) +G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 643.2 R .081(uiltin v) -.2 F .081(ersion, run)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .081(enable -n test) 2.581 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.58 E F0 .08 -(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 573.6 S 1.524 +(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 655.2 S 1.524 (iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.384 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524 -(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 585.6 Q F1<ad64> +(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 667.2 Q F1<ad64> 2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F .367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn) -5.366 G(o)-2.866 E F2(name)2.866 E F0(ar)2.866 E .366(guments are gi) --.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 597.6 R F1<ad70> +-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 679.2 R F1<ad70> 2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 (uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.399 G .399(th no other option ar).4 F .399(guments, the)-.18 F .099(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 -609.6 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098 +691.2 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098 (is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .098(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F (If)5.098 E F1<ad61>2.598 E F0 1.916 -(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 621.6 R 1.916 +(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 703.2 R 1.916 (uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879 -(enabled. If)144 633.6 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379 +(enabled. If)144 715.2 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379 (is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.879 F F2(special) 2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.878 G 2.878(iltins. The).2 F .378(return v)2.878 F -(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 645.6 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994 +(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 727.2 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994 (is not a shell b)3.674 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) --.2 F 3.495(wb)-.25 G .995(uiltin from a shared)-3.695 F(object.)144 -657.6 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 674.4 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 -E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 686.4 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C -.671(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F -.67(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 698.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 -G .495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 -(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 -(ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no) --2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 710.4 Q -(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E -(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(7)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +-.2 F 3.495(wb)-.25 G .995(uiltin from a shared)-3.695 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 +768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(7)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 8 8 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(exec)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -<ad61>-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command) --2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 96 Q F2(command) -3.006 E F0 .306(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305 -(No ne)5.305 F 2.805(wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The) -5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 -108 R .176(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft) --5.176 G(he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(object.)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -2.3 +-.15(ev a)108 100.8 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g) +-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 112.8 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa) +C .671(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F +.67(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 124.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 +G .495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 +(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 +(ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no) +-2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 136.8 Q +(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1 +(exec)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2 +(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments) +-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 165.6 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306 +(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 +(wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E +(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 177.6 R .176 +(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G +(he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176 (option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177 -(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 120 R .5(gument passed to)-.18 F -F2(command)3 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2(lo)2.999 E -(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F1<ad63>2.999 E F0 .499 -(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 132 Q F0 .638(to be e) -3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 +(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 189.6 R .5(gument passed to)-.18 +F F2(command)3 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2(lo)2.999 +E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F1<ad63>2.999 E F0 +.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 201.6 Q F0 .638 +(to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 (vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638 (is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the) -3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 144 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15(xe) --.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 1.077 -(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a).15 F -(non-interacti)144 156 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F .576 -(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.076 E F0 .577 +3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 213.6 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 +1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a) +.15 F(non-interacti)144 225.6 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F +.576(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.076 E F0 .577 (shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .577(In that case, it returns f)5.577 -F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505(ure. An)144 168 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s) +F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505(ure. An)144 237.6 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s) -.25 H .005(hell returns f).15 F .005(ailure if the \214le cannot be e) -.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If).15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005 -(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 180 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536 +(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 249.6 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536 (edirections tak)-3.036 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536 (ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536 -(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 192 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G -(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -6.29(]C)C .096(ause the shell to e)-6.29 F .096(xit with a status of) +(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 261.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G +(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 278.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .096(Cause the shell to e)144 278.4 R .096(xit with a status of) -.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095 (is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command) --.15 F -.15(exe)144 220.8 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9 +-.15 F -.15(exe)144 290.4 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 +(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 307.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E -F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 249.6 Q F0 .256(The supplied)144 261.6 R +F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 319.2 Q F0 .256(The supplied)144 331.2 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627(commands. If)144 273.6 R(the)2.627 E F1 +(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627(commands. If)144 343.2 R(the)2.627 E F1 <ad66>2.627 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the) .15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no) 5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126 -(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 285.6 Q F0 .048 +(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 355.2 Q F0 .048 (option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.547 F .048(xported v) -.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1<ad6e>2.548 E F0 -.048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 297.6 S 1.447 +.048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 367.2 S 1.447 (port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447 (rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G 1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d) --.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E -.25(va)144 309.6 S .741(lue of the v) +-.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E -.25(va)144 379.2 S .741(lue of the v) .25 F .741(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.241 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 (export)5.741 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .742 (xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .742(lid option is) -.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 321.6 R F2(names)2.532 E F0 .032 +.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 391.2 R F2(names)2.532 E F0 .032 (is not a v)2.532 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.531 E F0 .031(is supplied with a)2.531 F F2(name)2.891 E F0 -(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 333.6 Q F1(fc)108 350.4 Q F0([)2.5 -E F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 403.2 Q F1(fc)108 420 Q F0([)2.5 E +F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 <8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108 -362.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +432 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 (cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .431 -(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 374.4 R F2<8c72> +(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 444 R F2<8c72> 4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .432 (from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .142(edits and re-e)144 -386.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) +456 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) .45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141 (may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be) -144 398.4 Q .31(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 -F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .311(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .315 -(is used as an of)144 410.4 R .315 -(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F(If)5.315 E F2(last)2.904 -E F0 .314(is not speci\214ed it is set to the cur)3.494 F(-)-.2 E .948 -(rent command for listing \(so that)144 422.4 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .948 -(fc \255l \25510)3.448 F F0 .948(prints the last 10 commands\) and to) -3.448 F F2<8c72>5.359 E(st)-.1 E F0(other)4.129 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If) -144 434.4 R F2<8c72>4.41 E(st)-.1 E F0 -(is not speci\214ed it is set to the pre)3.18 E -(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 458.4 -Q F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022 +144 468 Q .31(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 F +2.811(xi)-.15 G .311(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .315(is used as an of) +144 480 R .315(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F(If)5.315 E +F2(last)2.904 E F0 .314(is not speci\214ed it is set to the cur)3.494 F +(-)-.2 E .948(rent command for listing \(so that)144 492 R/F4 10 +/Courier@0 SF .948(fc \255l \25510)3.448 F F0 .948 +(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)3.448 F F2<8c72>5.359 E(st)-.1 E +F0(other)4.129 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If)144 504 R F2<8c72>4.41 E(st)-.1 E +F0(is not speci\214ed it is set to the pre)3.18 E +(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 528 Q +F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022 (option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E F1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022 -(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 470.4 R .438(If the) -5.438 F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 +(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 540 R .438(If the)5.438 +F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 (n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E -.335(the editor gi)144 482.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E -F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835 -(do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 -F(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 494.4 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E -F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 -F F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631 -(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144 506.4 R .951 +.335(the editor gi)144 552 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F2 +(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do) +.1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F +(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 564 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 +-.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 F +F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631 +(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144 576 R .951 (ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)5.117 E F0 .951(is used.)5.117 F .95 (When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 F --.15(exe)144 518.4 S(cuted.).15 E .788(In the second form,)144 542.4 R -F2(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 +-.15(exe)144 588 S(cuted.).15 E .788(In the second form,)144 612 R F2 +(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 (cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)3.288 E F0 .788 (is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.789 -E(mand)144 554.4 Q F0 .347(is intepreted the same as)2.847 F F2<8c72> -2.847 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.847 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.347(.A).15 G .347 +E(mand)144 624 Q F0 .347(is intepreted the same as)2.847 F F2<8c72>2.847 +E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.847 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.347(.A).15 G .347 (useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F4 .346(r='fc \255s')2.847 F F0 -2.846(,s)C 2.846(ot)-2.846 G(hat)-2.846 E(typing)144 566.4 Q F4 7.165 -(rc)3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166 +2.846(,s)C 2.846(ot)-2.846 G(hat)-2.846 E(typing)144 636 Q F4 7.165(rc) +3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166 (ginning with)-.15 F F4(cc)3.666 E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F4(r) 3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F -(mand.)144 578.4 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 -602.4 R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 +(mand.)144 648 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 672 +R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 (lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 -E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 614.4 -R .454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454 +E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 684 R +.454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454 (option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455 -(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 626.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 +(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 696 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 (cuted or f).15 F .787 (ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F .787(If the)5.787 F 1.135 (second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144 -638.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 -(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 650.4 Q +708 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 +(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 720 Q (alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E -(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 667.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) -144 679.2 Q F2(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413 -(ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413 -(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 -1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 691.2 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G -.616(otion of the)-3.116 F F2(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 -(is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617 -(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 703.2 Q -.363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363 -(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362 -(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 715.2 Q -F0 .004(does not specify a v)2.814 F .004(alid job or)-.25 F F2(jobspec) -4.244 E F0 .004(speci\214es a job that w)2.814 F .004 -(as started without job control.)-.1 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(8)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +(ailure.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(8)203.725 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 9 9 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144 -96 Q F0 .793 -(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F2 -(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149 -(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 108 R .15 -(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .15(xpected to ha)-.15 F .45 --.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 120 Q .579 -(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(fg)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 +E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)144 96 Q F2(jobspec) +5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413(ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913 +(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G +(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F +(shell')144 108 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G .616(otion of the)-3.116 F F2(curr) +3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617(is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v) +5.617 F .617(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 +120 Q .363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363 +(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362 +(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 132 Q +F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0 +(speci\214es a job that w)2.81 E(as started without job control.)-.1 E +F1(getopts)108 148.8 Q F2(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(gs) +-.37 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144 160.8 Q F0 .793 +(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F2 +(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15 +(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 172.8 R .149 +(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449 +-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 184.8 Q .578 +(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579 (The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665 -(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 132 R 1.665 +(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 196.8 R 1.665 (Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F1(getopts) -4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .797 -(option in the shell v)144 144 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.297 E F0 3.297 -(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.297 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797(if it does not e) -3.477 F .796(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.296(xo)-.15 G 3.296(ft)-3.296 G -.796(he ne)-3.296 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 156 Q .085 +4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .796 +(option in the shell v)144 208.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.296 E F0 +3.296(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797 +(if it does not e)3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G +3.297(ft)-3.297 G .797(he ne)-3.297 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 220.8 Q .085 (gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND) -4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .846 -(or a shell script is in)144 168 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 +4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .845 +(or a shell script is in)144 232.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 (d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F1 -(getopts)3.345 E F0 .845(places that ar)3.345 F(gument)-.18 E .803 -(into the v)144 180 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.303 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0 -.803(The shell does not reset)5.303 F F3(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .804 -(automatically; it must be manually)3.054 F .294 -(reset between multiple calls to)144 192 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 +(getopts)3.346 E F0 .846(places that ar)3.346 F(gument)-.18 E .804 +(into the v)144 244.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A +F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F3(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .803 +(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293 +(reset between multiple calls to)144 256.8 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 (within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F -2.793(ws)-.25 G .293(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 204 Q -2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 228 R F1(getopts)4.543 -E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044 -(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F3(OPTIND)144 240 Q F0 +2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 268.8 +Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 292.8 R F1(getopts) +4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043 +(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F3(OPTIND)144 304.8 Q F0 (is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G (he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 -(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 264 Q F0 2.393 -(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392 -(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892 -(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E F2(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144 -276 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 300 Q F0 1.165 -(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F -1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.166 -(is a colon,)3.886 F F2(silent)4.006 E F0(error)4.346 E 1.071 -(reporting is used.)144 312 R 1.071 -(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.071 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.07(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144 324 R -.393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable)-.25 -E F3(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F -(will be displayed, e)144 336 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 -G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.) -2.72 E .667(If an in)144 360 R -.25(va)-.4 G .667(lid option is seen,) -.25 F F1(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E -F0 .666(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399 -(and unsets)144 372 R F3(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F1 -(getopts)2.899 E F0 .399 -(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3(OPT)2.899 -E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144 384 -Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 408 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F -F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1 -(?).833 E F0 3.741(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F -F2(name)144 420 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.734 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 -(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.484 F(If)5.234 E F1 -(getopts)2.734 E F0 .235(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1(:).833 E -F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 432 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3(OPT) -2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F1 -(getopts)144 456 Q F0 .902 +(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 328.8 Q F0 2.392 +(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392 +(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893 +(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E F2(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144 +340.8 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 364.8 Q F0 1.166 +(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F +1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.165 +(is a colon,)3.885 F F2(silent)4.005 E F0(error)4.345 E 1.07 +(reporting is used.)144 376.8 R 1.071 +(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.07 F +-.25(va)-.4 G 1.071(lid options or).25 F .394(missing option ar)144 +388.8 R .394(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F +(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 +(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 400.8 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E +F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .666(If an in)144 424.8 R +-.25(va)-.4 G .666(lid option is seen,).25 F F1(getopts)3.166 E F0 .667 +(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E F0 .667 +(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .4(and unsets)144 +436.8 R F3(OPT)2.9 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F1(getopts)2.899 E +F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3 +(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .399(and no)2.649 F +(diagnostic message is printed.)144 448.8 Q 1.241(If a required ar)144 +472.8 R 1.241(gument is not found, and)-.18 F F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 +1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1(?).833 E F0 3.742 +(\)i).833 G 3.742(sp)-3.742 G 1.242(laced in)-3.742 F F2(name)144 484.8 +Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.735 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 +(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.485 F(If)5.234 E F1 +(getopts)2.734 E F0 .234(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1(:).833 E +F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 496.8 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3 +(OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F1 +(getopts)144 520.8 Q F0 .902 (returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.) -3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F -(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 468 Q F1(hash)108 484.8 -Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E -F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .858 -(Each time)144 496.8 R F1(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo)-.4 -G -.1(ke).2 G .858(d, the full pathname of the command).1 F F2(name) +3.401 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .902(alse if the end of)-.1 F +(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 532.8 Q F1(hash)108 +549.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(\214lename) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A +.858(Each time)144 561.6 R F1(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo) +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .858(d, the full pathname of the command).1 F F2(name) 3.718 E F0 .858(is determined by searching)3.538 F .956 -(the directories in)144 508.8 R F1($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 +(the directories in)144 573.6 R F1($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 .956(and remembered.)3.456 F(An)5.956 E 3.456(yp)-.15 G(re)-3.456 E .956 -(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .242(If the)144 520.8 -R F1<ad70>2.742 E F0 .243 -(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.742 F F2 -(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .243(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.712 -(of the command.)144 532.8 R(The)6.712 E F1<ad72>4.212 E F0 1.711 -(option causes the shell to for)4.212 F 1.711 -(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.711 E F1<ad64>4.211 E F0 -.833(option causes the shell to for)144 544.8 R .833 +(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .243(If the)144 585.6 +R F1<ad70>2.743 E F0 .243 +(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.743 F F2 +(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .242(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.711 +(of the command.)144 597.6 R(The)6.711 E F1<ad72>4.211 E F0 1.711 +(option causes the shell to for)4.211 F 1.712 +(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.712 E F1<ad64>4.212 E F0 +.833(option causes the shell to for)144 609.6 R .833 (get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)3.333 E F0 5.833(.I) C 3.333(ft)-5.833 G(he)-3.333 E F1<ad74>3.333 E F0 .833(option is sup-) -3.333 F .704(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 556.8 R F2(name) -3.204 E F0 .703(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .703(If multiple)5.703 F -F2(name)3.203 E F0(ar)3.203 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 -568.8 R F1<ad74>3.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F2(name)3.295 E F0 +3.333 F .703(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 621.6 R F2(name) +3.204 E F0 .704(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .704(If multiple)5.704 F +F2(name)3.204 E F0(ar)3.204 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 +633.6 R F1<ad74>3.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F2(name)3.295 E F0 .795(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.295 F(The)5.795 E F1 <ad6c>3.295 E F0 .795(option causes)3.295 F .934 (output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 -580.8 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .934(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.934(n, or if).15 F(only)144 592.8 Q F1<ad6c>2.821 E F0 .321 -(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.821 F -.322(The return status is true)5.322 F(unless a)144 604.8 Q F2(name)2.86 +645.6 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .935(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.935(n, or if).15 F(only)144 657.6 Q F1<ad6c>2.822 E F0 .322 +(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.822 F +.321(The return status is true)5.321 F(unless a)144 669.6 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.) -.25 E F1(help)108 621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .867(Display helpful information about b)144 -633.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 -.866(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .306(help on all commands matching)144 -645.6 R F2(pattern)2.806 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 -(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .307 -(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 657.6 Q F1 -<ad64>144 669.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)24.74 E F2 -(pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 681.6 Q F0(Display the description of each) -21.97 E F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G(ormat) --2.5 E F1<ad73>144 693.6 Q F0 -(Display only a short usage synopsis for each)26.41 E F2(pattern)2.5 E -F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 710.4 Q F2 -(pattern)2.5 E F0(.).24 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(9) -203.725 E 0 Cg EP +.25 E F1(help)108 686.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .866(Display helpful information about b)144 +698.4 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 +.867(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.367 E F0(gi)3.367 E -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .307(help on all commands matching)144 +710.4 R F2(pattern)2.807 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 +(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .306 +(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 722.4 Q +(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(9)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 10 10 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(history [)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1(])A -(history \255c)108 96 Q(history \255d)108 108 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E -F1(history \255anrw)108 120 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A F1 -(history \255p)108 132 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.) --.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 144 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E -F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 156 S .752 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad64>144 84 Q F0 +(Display a short description of each)180 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 96 Q F0(Display the description of each)180 +96 Q F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(in 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If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFOR-)2.881 E(MA)144 180 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265 -(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.515 F F2 -(strftime)2.764 E F0 .264(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.019 -(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 192 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G +/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFOR-)2.88 E(MA)144 237.6 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .264 +(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.514 F F2 +(strftime)2.765 E F0 .265(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.02 +(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 249.6 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G 3.519(oi)-6.019 G(nterv)-3.519 E 1.019 (ening blank is printed between the formatted)-.15 F .176 -(time stamp and the history line.)144 204 R(If)5.176 E F2(\214lename) +(time stamp and the history line.)144 261.6 R(If)5.176 E F2(\214lename) 2.676 E F0 .176 (is supplied, it is used as the name of the history \214le; if)2.676 F -(not, the v)144 216 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.)2.25 -E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 228 Q F0 -(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)25.86 E F1<ad64>144 -240 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position) -180 252 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 264 Q F0 .598 -(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.098('h)-.74 G .598 -(istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.098 F .599 -(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 276 Q F0 -(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 288 Q F0 .854(Read \ -the history lines not already read from the history \214le into the cur\ -rent history list.)24.74 F .772 -(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 300 R -.773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E -(sion.)180 312 Q F1<ad72>144 324 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \ -\214le and append them to the current history list.)25.86 E F1<ad77>144 -336 Q F0(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)23.08 E +(not, the v)144 273.6 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.) +2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 285.6 Q F0 +(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 285.6 Q F1 +<ad64>144 297.6 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 +(Delete the history entry at position)180 309.6 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 +E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 321.6 Q F0 .565(Append the `)180 321.6 R(`ne)-.74 E +(w')-.25 E 3.065('h)-.74 G .564(istory lines to the history \214le.) +-3.065 F .564(These are history lines entered since)5.564 F(the be)180 +333.6 Q(ginning of the current)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(session, b)2.5 E +(ut not already appended to the history \214le.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 345.6 +Q F0 .854(Read the history lines not already read from the history \214\ +le into the current history list.)180 345.6 R .773 +(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 357.6 R +.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E +(sion.)180 369.6 Q F1<ad72>144 381.6 Q F0(Read the contents of the hist\ +ory \214le and append them to the current history list.)180 381.6 Q F1 +<ad77>144 393.6 Q F0 +(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)180 393.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G -(ontents.)-2.5 E F1<ad70>144 348 Q F0 .626 -(Perform history substitution on the follo)24.74 F(wing)-.25 E F2(ar) -3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F -2.975(output. Does)180 360 R .475 +(ontents.)-2.5 E F1<ad70>144 405.6 Q F0 .625 +(Perform history substitution on the follo)180 405.6 R(wing)-.25 E F2 +(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626(and display the result on the standard) +3.125 F 2.975(output. Does)180 417.6 R .475 (not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F2(ar) 2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F -(normal history e)180 372 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 384 Q F0 .363 -(Store the)26.41 F F2(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 -(in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362 -(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 396 Q -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 -(are added.)2.77 E .145(If the)144 412.8 R F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T) +(normal history e)180 429.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 441.6 Q F0 +.362(Store the)180 441.6 R F2(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 +(in the history list as a single entry)3.132 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .363 +(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 453.6 Q -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 +(are added.)2.77 E .146(If the)144 470.4 R F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T) -.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145 (riable is set, the time stamp information associated with each history) -.25 F .669(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 424.8 R .669 -(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.668(.W)-.55 G .668 -(hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 436.8 R .956 -(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956 -(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .416 -(are interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 448.8 R .416 -(vious history line.)-.25 F .416(The return v)5.416 F .415 -(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .499(option is e\ -ncountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the history \214le\ -, an in)144 460.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)3 E(fset)-.18 E F0(is) -3 E(supplied as an ar)144 472.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0 2.5 -(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 -E(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad70>2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 -489.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 -E F1(jobs \255x)108 501.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs) --.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 513.6 Q .3 --.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 525.6 Q F0 -(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)27.52 E F1 -<ad6e>144 537.6 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha) -24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 F -.193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 549.6 Q F1<ad70>144 -561.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G -(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad72>144 573.6 Q F0 -(Display only running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 585.6 Q F0 -(Display only stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 602.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.553 E F0 -.313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 +.25 F .668(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 482.4 R .669 +(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.669(.W)-.55 G .669 +(hen the history)-5.669 F .956(\214le is read, lines be)144 494.4 R .956 +(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .955 +(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F 1.795 +(are interpreted as timestamps for the follo)144 506.4 R 1.795 +(wing history entry)-.25 F 6.795(.T)-.65 G 1.795(he return v)-6.795 F +1.796(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 518.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .768(lid \ +option is encountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the his\ +tory \214le, an in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)144 530.4 Q(fset) +-.18 E F0 1.031(is supplied as an ar)3.531 F 1.031(gument to)-.18 F F1 +<ad64>3.531 E F0 3.531(,o)C 3.531(rt)-3.531 G 1.031(he history e)-3.531 +F 1.031(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 F 1.032(gument to)-.18 F F1 +<ad70>3.532 E F0 -.1(fa)144 542.4 S(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 559.2 Q F0([) +2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F1 +(jobs \255x)108 571.2 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 +E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 583.2 Q .3 -.15 +(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 595.2 Q F0 +(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 595.2 Q F1 +<ad6e>144 607.2 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha) +180 607.2 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 +F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 619.2 Q F1<ad70> +144 631.2 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 631.2 Q 2.5(sp) +-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad72>144 643.2 Q F0 +(Display only running jobs.)180 643.2 Q F1<ad73>144 655.2 Q F0 +(Display only stopped jobs.)180 655.2 Q(If)144 672 Q F2(jobspec)4.553 E +F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 (n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T) --.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 614.4 Q -.25 +-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 684 Q -.25 (va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 -E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 631.2 R F1 +E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 700.8 R F1 <ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0 .394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in) 3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394 -(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 643.2 Q +(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 712.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar) 2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E -F1(kill)108 660 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1 +(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(10)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 11 11 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(kill)108 84 Q F0([) +2.5 E F1<ad73>A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1 <ad6e>2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1<ad>2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5 (][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1 -(kill \255l)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 684 R F2 -(sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E F2(signum)2.959 E F0 .119 +(kill \255l)108 96 Q F0(|)A F1<ad4c>A F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E +F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 +108 R F2(sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E F2(signum)2.959 E F0 .119 (to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.87 E F0(or)3.39 E F2 (jobspec)2.62 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.46 E F0(is)2.93 E .319 -(either a case-insensiti)144 696 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319 -(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318 +(either a case-insensiti)144 120 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319 +(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318 (\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318 -(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 708 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0 +(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 132 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0 1.349(is a signal number)4.168 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec) 4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F3(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0 -1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 720 Q .523(gument of)-.18 F +1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 144 Q .523(gument of)-.18 F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)5.523 F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when).18 F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523(n, the names) -.15 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(10)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 11 11 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .28 -(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 84 R .28 -(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 96 Q .378 -(gument to)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378 +.15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 156 R .28 +(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E F2 +-.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 168 Q .378(gument to)-.18 F F1 +<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378 (is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.878 F .377 -(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .593(nated by a signal.)144 108 R -F2(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F -.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .594(alse if an error)-.1 F -(occurs or an in)144 120 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 -E F2(let)108 136.8 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Each)144 148.8 Q F1(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197 -(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.196(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .196(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F -(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 160.8 Q F1(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25 -(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F2(let)2.5 E F0 -(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F2(local)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 -E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 189.6 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06 -(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 .06 -(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F1(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he) --5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 201.6 Q 3.153(yo) --.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F2(declar) -3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .652 +(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .962(nated by a signal.)144 180 R +(The)5.962 E F1<ad4c>3.462 E F0 .962(option is equi)3.462 F -.25(va)-.25 +G .962(lent to).25 F F1<ad6c>3.462 E F0(.)A F1(kill)5.962 E F0 .962 +(returns true if at least one signal w)3.462 F(as)-.1 E +(successfully sent, or f)144 192 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in)-.1 +E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E F1(let)108 208.8 Q F2 +(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 +220.8 Q F2(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197 +(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .196(luated \(see).25 F F3 .196 +(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo) +2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 232.8 Q F2(ar) +2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0 +(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F1(local)108 249.6 Q F0([)2.5 +E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C +(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 261.6 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F +.06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 +.06(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F2(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he) +-5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 273.6 Q 3.153(yo) +-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar) +3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652 (is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 -213.6 Q F1(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861 -(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -.4 -(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F2(local)144 225.6 Q F0 1.165 -(writes a list of local v)3.665 F 1.165 -(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use) -6.165 F F2(local)3.664 E F0 1.164(when not)3.664 F .232 -(within a function.)144 237.6 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232 -F F2(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F --.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)3.093 E F0(is)2.913 E(supplied, or)144 -249.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2 -(logout)108 266.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F2(map\214le)108 283.2 -Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1 -(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43> --2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum) -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F2 -.18(re)108 295.2 S -(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f> --2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1 -(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .351 -(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 307.2 R -.15(xe) --.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(arr)2.85 E -(ay)-.15 E F0 2.85(,o).32 G 2.85(rf)-2.85 G .35(rom \214le descriptor) --2.85 F F1(fd)2.85 E F0 1.248(if the)144 319.2 R F2<ad75>3.748 E F0 -1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F(ariable)-.25 E F3 -(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E F1(arr)3.749 E -(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,)-6.249 F(ha)144 -331.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6e> -144 343.2 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F1 -(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F1(count)2.5 E F0 -(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F2<ad4f>144 355.2 Q F0(Be)22.52 E -(gin assigning to)-.15 E F1(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x) --.15 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi) --.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F2<ad73>144 367.2 Q F0 -(Discard the \214rst)26.41 E F1(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F2 -<ad74>144 379.2 Q F0(Remo)26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing ne).15 E -(wline from each line read.)-.25 E F2<ad75>144 391.2 Q F0 -(Read lines from \214le descriptor)24.74 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 -(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F2<ad43>144 403.2 Q F0(Ev)23.08 E -(aluate)-.25 E F1(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F1(quantum) -2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F2<ad63>2.5 E F0 -(option speci\214es)2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F2<ad63>144 415.2 -Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)25.86 E F1 -(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 432 Q F2<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 -(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F2<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 -(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F1 +285.6 Q F2(name)3.281 E F0 .421(to ha)3.101 F .721 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H +.422(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F +(If)5.422 E F2(name)2.922 E F0 .422(is \255, the set)2.922 F 1.461 +(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 297.6 R F1 +(local)3.961 E F0 1.461(is in)3.961 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 1.461 +(d: shell options changed).1 F 1.562(using the)144 309.6 R F1(set)4.062 +E F0 -.2(bu)4.062 G 1.563 +(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.563 +(alues when the function)-.25 F 3.744(returns. W)144 321.6 R 1.244 +(ith no operands,)-.4 F F1(local)3.744 E F0 1.244 +(writes a list of local v)3.744 F 1.243 +(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.243(It is an)6.243 F .42 +(error to use)144 333.6 R F1(local)2.92 E F0 .42 +(when not within a function.)2.92 F .42(The return status is 0 unless) +5.42 F F1(local)2.92 E F0 .42(is used outside a)2.92 F(function, an in) +144 345.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or) +2.68 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(logout) +108 362.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 362.4 Q F1(map\214le)108 379.2 Q +F0([)2.5 E F1<ad64>A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(count) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73> +-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75> +-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E +F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E +(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re)108 391.2 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +<ad64>A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2 +(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2 +(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][) +C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(])A .351(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 403.2 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F2 +(arr)2.85 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.85(,o).32 G 2.85(rf)-2.85 G .35 +(rom \214le descriptor)-2.85 F F2(fd)2.85 E F0 1.248(if the)144 415.2 R +F1<ad75>3.748 E F0 1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F +(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 +E F2(arr)3.749 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,) +-6.249 F(ha)144 427.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad64>144 439.2 Q F0(The \214rst character of) +180 439.2 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 +(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 +E F1<ad6e>144 451.2 Q F0(Cop)180 451.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost) +-2.5 E F2(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F2(count)2.5 E F0 +(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1<ad4f>144 463.2 Q F0(Be)180 463.2 Q +(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x) +-.15 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi) +-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 475.2 Q F0 +(Discard the \214rst)180 475.2 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1 +<ad74>144 487.2 Q F0(Remo)180 487.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15 +E F2(delim)2.5 E F0(\(def)2.5 E(ault ne)-.1 E +(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 499.2 Q F0 +(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 499.2 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 +(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 511.2 Q F0(Ev)180 +511.2 Q(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2 +(quantum)2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0 +(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 523.2 +Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 523.2 Q +F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 540 Q F1<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 +(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 +(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 (callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 -(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 444 R 2.761(xo)-.15 G +(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 552 R 2.761(xo)-.15 G 2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be assig\ ned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .275 -(as additional ar)144 456 R(guments.)-.18 E F1(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E +(as additional ar)144 564 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 (luated after the line is read b).25 F .274 -(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 468 Q -(If not supplied with an e)144 484.8 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F2 -(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F2(map\214le)144 501.6 Q F0 1.905 +(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 576 Q +(If not supplied with an e)144 592.8 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 +(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 609.6 Q F0 1.905 (returns successfully unless an in)4.405 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905 -(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.906(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F1(arr) -4.406 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.406 E(in)144 513.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.906(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) +4.406 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.406 E(in)144 621.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 (is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E -F2(popd)108 530.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 -2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 542.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se) +F1(popd)108 638.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 650.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se) .15 G .3(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299 (th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G .299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478(stack, and performs a)144 -554.4 R F2(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 +662.4 R F1(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 (op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.479 (uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.479(he follo).15 -F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 566.4 Q F2<ad6e>144 578.4 Q F0 .551 -(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F .551 +F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 674.4 Q F1<ad6e>144 686.4 Q F0 .551 +(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 686.4 R .551 (ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F -(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 590.4 Q F2(+)144 602.4 Q F1(n)A -F0(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F1(n)2.64 E F0 -.14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F -F2(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 -614.4 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 +(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 698.4 Q F1(+)144 710.4 Q F2(n)A +F0(Remo)180 710.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E +F0 .14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 +F F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 +722.4 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,) --.65 E F4(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F2<ad>144 626.4 Q F1(n)A F0 -(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F1(n)3.76 E F0 -1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by) --.25 F F2(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5 -(zero. F)180 638.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)2.5 E F0 +-.65 E F4(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q +(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(11)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 12 12 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad>144 84 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(Remo)180 84 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he) +-3.76 E F2(n)3.76 E F0 1.259 +(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by)-.25 F +F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5(zero. F) +180 96 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd -0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 -E F4(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 -655.2 R F2(popd)3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F2 +E F3(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 +112.8 R F1(popd)3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F1 (dirs)3.143 E F0 .644(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.) -3.143 F F2(popd)5.644 E F0 .416(returns f)144 667.2 R .416 +3.143 F F1(popd)5.644 E F0 .416(returns f)144 124.8 R .416 (alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .415 (lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915 (,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F -(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 679.2 Q -(ails.)-.1 E F2(printf)108 696 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad76>A F1(var)2.5 E F0(]) -A F1(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.436 -(Write the formatted)144 708 R F1(ar)3.936 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 -(to the standard output under the control of the)3.936 F F1(format)3.937 -E F0 6.437(.T)C(he)-6.437 E F2<ad76>3.937 E F0 .126 -(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 720 R(ariable)-.25 -E F1(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard)2.626 -F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(11)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 12 12 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(output.)144 -84 Q(The)144 108 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)3.017 E F0 .517(is a \ -character string which contains three types of objects: plain character\ -s, which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character e\ -scape sequences, which are con)144 120 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 +(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 136.8 Q +(ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0 +(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.436 +(Write the formatted)144 165.6 R F2(ar)3.936 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 +(to the standard output under the control of the)3.936 F F2(format)3.937 +E F0 6.437(.T)C(he)-6.437 E F1<ad76>3.937 E F0 .126 +(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 177.6 R(ariable) +-.25 E F2(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard) +2.626 F(output.)144 189.6 Q(The)144 213.6 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(i\ +s a character string which contains three types of objects: plain chara\ +cters, which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, charact\ +er escape sequences, which are con)144 225.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 (rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ -\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 132 R .037 -(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F1(ar)144 144 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 -5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F1 -(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(printf)3.031 E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-) --.25 E(ing e)144 156 Q(xtensions:)-.15 E F2(%b)144 168 Q F0(causes)20.44 -E F2(printf)5.115 E F0 2.615(to e)5.115 F 2.615 -(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F1(ar) -5.115 E(gument)-.37 E F0(\(e)180 180 Q .608(xcept that)-.15 F F2(\\c) -3.108 E F0 .608(terminates output, backslashes in)3.108 F F2<5c08>3.108 -E F0(,)A F2(\\")3.108 E F0 3.108(,a)C(nd)-3.108 E F2(\\?)3.108 E F0 .608 -(are not remo)3.108 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .608(d, and octal).15 F(escapes be) -180 192 Q(ginning with)-.15 E F2(\\0)2.5 E F0 -(may contain up to four digits\).)2.5 E F2(%q)144 204 Q F0(causes)20.44 -E F2(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F1(ar)2.51 -E(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F -(input.)180 216 Q F2(%\()144 228 Q F1(datefmt)A F2(\)T)A F0(causes)180 -240 Q F2(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 -(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F1(datefmt) -4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 252 R F1 -(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F1(ar) +\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 237.6 R .037 +(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 249.6 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 +5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F2 +(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.031 +E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 261.6 Q +(xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 273.6 Q F0(causes)180 273.6 Q F1(printf) +2.595 E F0 .096(to e)2.595 F .096 +(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F2(ar) +2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .096(in the)2.596 F(same w)180 285.6 Q(ay as) +-.1 E F1(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%q)144 297.6 Q F0(causes)180 297.6 Q +F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2(ar)2.51 E +(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F +(input.)180 309.6 Q F1(%\()144 321.6 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0(causes) +180 333.6 Q F1(printf)4.403 E F0 1.904 +(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.403 F F2(datefmt) +4.404 E F0 1.904(as a format)4.404 F .381(string for)180 345.6 R F2 +(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar) 2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381 -(ger representing the number)-.15 F .458(of seconds since the epoch.)180 -264 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.458 H .458(special ar)3.758 F .458(gument v)-.18 F -.458(alues may be used: -1 represents the)-.25 F .847 -(current time, and -2 represents the time the shell w)180 276 R .847 -(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.348(d. If).1 F .848(no ar)3.348 -F .848(gument is speci-)-.18 F .355(\214ed, con)180 288 R -.15(ve)-.4 G -.355(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.855(sa).15 G 2.855(si)-2.855 G -2.855(f-)-2.855 G 2.855(1h)-2.855 G .354(ad been gi)-2.855 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.854(n. This).15 F .354(is an e)2.854 F .354 -(xception to the usual)-.15 F F2(printf)2.854 E F0(beha)180 300 Q(vior) --.2 E(.)-.55 E(Ar)144 316.8 Q .463(guments to non-string format speci\ -\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .464 -(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.259(minus sign is allo)144 328.8 +(ger representing the number)-.15 F .457(of seconds since the epoch.)180 +357.6 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.458 H .458(special ar)3.758 F .458(gument v)-.18 F +.458(alues may be used: -1 represents the)-.25 F .848 +(current time, and -2 represents the time the shell w)180 369.6 R .847 +(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.347(d. If).1 F .847(no ar)3.347 +F .847(gument is speci-)-.18 F .354(\214ed, con)180 381.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 +G .354(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.854(sa).15 G 2.854(si)-2.854 G +2.854(f-)-2.854 G 2.854(1h)-2.854 G .354(ad been gi)-2.854 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.854(n. This).15 F .355(is an e)2.854 F .355 +(xception to the usual)-.15 F F1(printf)2.855 E F0(beha)180 393.6 Q +(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E(Ar)144 410.4 Q .464(guments to non-string format s\ +peci\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .463 +(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.258(minus sign is allo)144 422.4 R 1.259 (wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) --.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 340.8 Q(alue of the follo) --.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 357.6 Q F1(format)3.423 E -F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F1(ar)3.423 -E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F1(format) -3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F1(ar)144 369.6 Q(guments)-.37 E -F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.534 F .033 +-.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 434.4 Q(alue of the follo) +-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 451.2 Q F2(format)3.424 E +F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.424 F F2(ar)3.423 +E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format) +3.423 E F0 .923(requires more)3.423 F F2(ar)144 463.2 Q(guments)-.37 E +F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.533 F .033 (xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si) -.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .033(alue or null string,) --.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 381.6 Q(The return v)5 E -(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F2(pushd) -108 398.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C -<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 410.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 -2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\ -irectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 422.4 R 3.14(wt) --.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 434.4 R 1.316 -(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315 -(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315 -(irectories and)-3.815 F .871 -(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 446.4 R 5.871(.A) --.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 458.4 Q -F2<ad6e>144 470.4 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\ -hen adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F -(only the stack is manipulated.)180 482.4 Q F2(+)144 494.4 Q F1(n)A F0 -1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F1(n)3.767 E F0 1.268 -(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268(wn by) --.25 F F2(dirs)180 506.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C -(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 518.4 Q F1(n)A F0 -.92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92 +.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .034(alue or null string,) +-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 475.2 Q(The return v)5 E +(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd) +108 492 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C +<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 504 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5 +(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the direc\ +tory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 516 R 3.139(wt)-.25 +G .639(op of the)-3.139 F .416(stack the current w)144 528 R .416 +(orking directory)-.1 F 5.416(.W)-.65 G .416(ith no ar)-5.816 F +(guments,)-.18 E F1(pushd)2.916 E F0 -.15(ex)2.916 G .416 +(changes the top tw).15 F 2.917(od)-.1 G(irectories)-2.917 E 1.625 +(and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 540 R 6.625(.A) +-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.625 G 1.625(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.925 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H 1.625(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 552 Q F1 +<ad6e>144 564 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory when\ + rotating or adding directories to the)180 564 R +(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 576 Q F1(+)144 588 Q +F2(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 588 R F2(n)3.768 E F0 +1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.267 +(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 600 Q F0 2.5(,s)C +(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1<ad>144 612 Q F2(n)A F0 .92 +(Rotates the stack so that the)180 612 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25 -F F2(dirs)180 530.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) --2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 542.4 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F1(dir)3.137 E F0 .287 -(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.517 F 2.788(wc) --.25 G .288(urrent w)-2.788 F .288(orking directory as)-.1 F -(if it had been supplied as the ar)180 554.4 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F2 -(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .489(If the)144 571.2 R F2(pushd) -2.989 E F0 .489(command is successful, a)2.989 F F2(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 -(is performed as well.)2.988 F .488(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F -F2(pushd)2.988 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 583.2 R F1(dir) -3.889 E F0 -.1(fa)4.269 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,) --.4 F F2(pushd)3.54 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the directory)3.54 F .847 -(stack is empty)144 595.2 R 3.347(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.347 E .847(xistent\ +F F1(dirs)180 624 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 +E F2(dir)144.35 636 Q F0(Adds)180 636 Q F2(dir)3.138 E F0 .288 +(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.518 F 2.787(wc) +-.25 G .287(urrent w)-2.787 F .287(orking directory as)-.1 F +(if it had been supplied as the ar)180 648 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F1(cd) +2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .488(If the)144 664.8 R F1(pushd)2.988 +E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F1(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 +(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F +F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 676.8 R F2(dir) +3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 +F F1(pushd)3.539 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846 +(stack is empty)144 688.8 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent\ directory stack element is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the) --.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 607.2 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 -E(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 624 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .844 -(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 636 R .845 -(orking directory)-.1 F 5.845(.T)-.65 G .845 -(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144 -648 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 .181 -(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2(set) -2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263(enabled. If) -144 660 R(the)3.263 E F2<ad4c>3.263 E F0 .763 -(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.263 -F .764(The return)5.764 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ - reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 672 R -.25(va) --.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 684 Q F2 -.18(re)108 700.8 S(ad) -.18 E F0([)3.816 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad61>-3.816 E F1(aname) -3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad64>-3.816 E F1(delim)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2 -<ad69>-3.816 E F1(te)3.816 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad6e>-3.816 E F1 -(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad4e>-3.817 E F1(nc) -3.817 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad70>-3.817 E F1(pr)3.817 E -(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad74>-3.817 E F1(timeout)3.817 E F0 3.817 -(][)C F2<ad75>-3.817 E F1(fd)3.817 E F0(])A([)108 712.8 Q F1(name)A F0 -(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, or from the \ -\214le descriptor)144 724.8 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar) -3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 -E(12)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 700.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 +E(ails.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(12)198.725 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 13 13 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(the)144 84 Q -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad75>2.539 E F0 .039(option, and the \214rst w) -2.539 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(name)2.538 E F0 2.538(,t).18 G .038(he second w)-2.538 F .038 -(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.538 E F0(,).18 E .42 -(and so on, with lefto)144 96 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42 -(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42 -(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I) -.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .541(are fe)144 108 R .541(wer w)-.25 -F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \ -are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 120 S 3.357(lues. The).25 F .857 -(characters in)3.357 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.357 E F0 .857 -(are used to split the line into w)3.107 F .857 -(ords using the same rules the shell)-.1 F .754(uses for e)144 132 R -.753(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F 1.053 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E -F1 -.75(Wo)3.253 G .753(rd Splitting).75 F F0 3.253(\). The)B .753 -(backslash character \()3.253 F F1(\\)A F0 3.253(\)m)C .753(ay be)-3.253 -F .075(used to remo)144 144 R .375 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .375 -.15(ny s).15 H -.075(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .076 -(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Options,)5.076 E -(if supplied, ha)144 156 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 168 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w) -180 180 R 1.049(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v) --.1 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049 -(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F F2(aname)180.33 192 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 -E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E -F2(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 204 Q -F2(delim)2.5 E F0(The \214rst character of)180 216 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pwd)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 +E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845(Print the absolute pathname of the current w) +144 96 R .845(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 +(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 +108 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1 .181 +(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1(set) +2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264(enabled. If) +144 120 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763 +(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 +F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ + reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 132 R -.25(va) +-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 144 Q F1 -.18(re)108 160.8 S(ad) +.18 E F0([)3.817 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad61>-3.817 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad64>-3.817 E F2 +(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad69>-3.817 E F2(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 +3.817(][)C F1<ad6e>-3.817 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816 +(][)C F1<ad4e>-3.816 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1 +<ad70>-3.816 E F2(pr)3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad74>-3.816 E +F2(timeout)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad75>-3.816 E F2(fd)3.816 E F0(])A +([)108 172.8 Q F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the s\ +tandard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 184.8 R F2(fd)3.016 E +F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 196.8 Q +F1<ad75>3.848 E F0 1.348(option, split into w)3.848 F 1.348 +(ords as described abo)-.1 F 1.647 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75 +(Wo)3.847 G 1.347(rd Splitting).75 F F0 3.847(,a)C 1.347 +(nd the \214rst w)-3.847 F 1.347(ord is)-.1 F 1.465 +(assigned to the \214rst)144 208.8 R F2(name)3.965 E F0 3.965(,t).18 G +1.465(he second w)-3.965 F 1.465(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)3.965 E +F0 3.965(,a).18 G 1.465(nd so on.)-3.965 F 1.465(If there are more)6.465 +F -.1(wo)144 220.8 S 1.112(rds than names, the remaining w).1 F 1.112 +(ords and their interv)-.1 F 1.112 +(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)144 232.8 Q F0 +5.722(.I).18 G 3.222(ft)-5.722 G .722(here are fe)-3.222 F .722(wer w) +-.25 F .723 +(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names are)-.1 +F .532(assigned empty v)144 244.8 R 3.032(alues. The)-.25 F .532 +(characters in)3.032 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.032 E F0 .531 +(are used to split the line into w)2.782 F .531(ords using the same)-.1 +F .197(rules the shell uses for e)144 256.8 R .197 +(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .497 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 +-.75(Wo)2.697 G .197(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.697(\). The)B .197 +(backslash charac-)2.697 F .157(ter \()144 268.8 R F1(\\)A F0 2.657(\)m) +C .157(ay be used to remo)-2.657 F .457 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .457 -.15(ny s) +.15 H .157(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .156 +(xt character read and for line continu-)-.15 F 2.5(ation. Options,)144 +280.8 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 292.8 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.049 +(The w)180 304.8 R 1.049 +(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) +-.25 E F2(aname)3.55 E F0 3.55(,s).18 G 1.05(tarting at 0.)-3.55 F F2 +(aname)180.33 316.8 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25 +(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 +E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 328.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 +(The \214rst character of)180 340.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 (is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E -F1<ad65>144 228 Q F0 .372 -(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re) -2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218 -(to obtain the line.)180 240 R .218(Readline uses the current \(or def) -5.218 F .218(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F -(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 252 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G -(diting settings.)-2.5 E F1<ad69>144 264 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If) -10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 -(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 -(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) --.25 F(ing be)180 276 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 288 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har) --.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 300 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395 -(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395 -(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of) --.1 F(input, b)180 312 Q(ut honor a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 -E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 -(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad4e>144 324 -Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 336 S(ad).18 E F0 1.269 -(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E -(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27 -(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 -(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 348 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 -G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274(Delimiter characters encoun-) -5.274 F 1.002 -(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 360 R -F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)3.503 -E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 372 Q F1<ad70>144 384 Q -F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 396 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E -F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161 -(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read) --.25 F(an)180 408 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F +F1<ad65>144 352.8 Q F0 .373 +(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 352.8 R F1 -.18 +(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo) +2.622 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E +.218(to obtain the line.)180 364.8 R .218 +(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218 +(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E +(acti)180 376.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E +F1<ad69>144 388.8 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)180 388.8 Q F1 -.18(re) +2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F2 +(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 +E .215(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 400.8 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e> +144 412.8 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 424.8 S(ad).18 +E F0 1.394(returns after reading)3.894 F F2(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 +E F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395 +(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input, b)180 436.8 Q +(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 +E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1 +<ad4e>144 448.8 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 460.8 S +(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc) +3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F +1.269(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274 +(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 472.8 R F1 -.18(re) +2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275 +(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.275 F 1.003 +(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 484.8 +R F1 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F2(nc) +3.502 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .608(characters are read.)180 496.8 R .608 +(The result is not split on the characters in)5.608 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0 +3.108(;t)C .609(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 508.8 S .67 +(riable is assigned e).25 F .669 +(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .669 +(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1<ad72>180 520.8 Q F0 +(option belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1<ad70>144 532.8 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 +E F0(Display)180 544.8 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161 +(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne) +-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 556.8 Q +2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -<ad72>144 420 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) --5.543 F(the line.)180 432 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G -(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.) --.25 E F1<ad73>144 444 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E +<ad72>144 568.8 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +180 568.8 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543 +(he backslash is considered to be part of)-5.543 F(the line.)180 580.8 Q +(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.5 E +(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 +592.8 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 592.8 Q (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -<ad74>144 456 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 468 Q F1 -.18(re)2.929 G -(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428 -(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56 -(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 480 R F2(timeout)3.061 E F0 -(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number) -3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 492 Q +<ad74>144 604.8 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 616.8 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928 +G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428 +(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561 +(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 628.8 R F2(timeout)3.061 E +F0(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) +3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 640.8 Q (wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 -504 R .506(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 516 R .59 -(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.59 E F1 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 -(times out,)3.09 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589 -(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 528 S(riable) -.25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27 -(is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 -F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G -(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 540 R 1.12(xit status is 0 if input is a) --.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.12(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor) -.25 F 3.62(,n)-.4 G 1.12(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 -552 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e) -.15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F1<ad75>144 564 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(Read input from \214le descriptor)14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191 -(If no)144 580.8 R F2(names)3.051 E F0 .191 -(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable)-.25 E -F3(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192 -(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 592.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad) -.18 E F0 1.343 -(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F .871 -(128\), a v)144 604.8 R .871 -(ariable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v)-.25 F -.872(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E -(\214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 616.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1 -<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 633.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A -F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 645.6 R -.15(ve) --.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77 +652.8 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 664.8 R .589 +(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 +(times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve) +-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59 +(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 676.8 S +(riable).25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 +.27(is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately) +2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 +G(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 688.8 R 1.12 +(xit status is 0 if input is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.12 +(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 3.62(,n)-.4 G 1.12 +(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 700.8 R -.15(ex)2.5 G +(it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e).15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E +F1<ad75>144 712.8 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 +712.8 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .477(If no)144 729.6 R F2(names)3.337 E F0 +.477(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)3.247 F(ariable) +-.25 E F3(REPL)2.976 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .476 +(The e)4.976 F .476(xit status is zero,)-.15 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q +(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(13)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 14 14 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .772(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,) +144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.18(re)3.272 G(ad).18 E F0 .773 +(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a)3.272 F +-.25(va)144 96 S 2.004 +(riable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v).25 F 2.004 +(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.004(lid \214le).25 F +(descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 108 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad75>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 124.8 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 +2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E +F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 136.8 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77 (ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 -.77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 -657.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 -(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 669.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) +.77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 +148.8 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0 1.097 +(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2 +(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 160.8 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 681.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 -(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.276 F F1<ad41>3.277 E -F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F2(name) -3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 693.6 R -.15(ve) +-.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 172.8 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277 +(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F1<ad41>3.277 E +F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name) +3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 184.8 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521 (option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F -.521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ -to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 705.6 R(The)5.296 E F1 -<ad70>2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786 +.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ +to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 196.8 R(The)5.295 E F1 +<ad70>2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786 (causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) -144 717.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 -729.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) +144 208.8 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 +220.8 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) -3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor) 3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) --5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) -148.735 E(13)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 14 14 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .26 -(option is encountered, one of the)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)-.25 F .26 -(ariable name, or)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26 -(is supplied with a)2.76 F F1(name)144.36 96 Q F0 -(that is not a function.)2.68 E F2 -.18(re)108 112.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 124.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 -(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F1(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F -5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F1(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .469 -(the return status is that of the last command e)144 136.8 R -.15(xe) --.15 G .469(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.469(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.469 E -F2 -.18(re)2.969 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .468(is used out-)2.969 F .466 -(side a function, b)144 148.8 R .466(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.467(cution of a script by the).15 F F2(.)2.967 E F0(\()5.467 E F2(sour) -A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.967(\)c)C .467(ommand, it causes the shell to)-2.967 F -.088(stop e)144 160.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .087 -(cuting that script and return either).15 F F1(n)2.947 E F0 .087 -(or the e)2.827 F .087(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe) --.15 G .087(cuted within).15 F .613(the script as the e)144 172.8 R .613 -(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.613 E F1(n)3.113 E F0 .613 -(is supplied, the return v)3.113 F .613 -(alue is its least signi\214cant 8)-.25 F 2.511(bits. The)144 184.8 R -.011(return status is non-zero if)2.511 F F2 -.18(re)2.511 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 .011(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.511 F .01 -(gument, or is used outside)-.18 F 2.909(af)144 196.8 S .409 -(unction and not during e)-2.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .41 -(cution of a script by).15 F F2(.)2.91 E F0(or)3.743 E F2(sour)2.91 E -(ce)-.18 E F0 5.41(.A)C .71 -.15(ny c)-5.41 H .41 -(ommand associated with the).15 F F2(RETURN)144 208.8 Q F0(trap is e)2.5 -E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cution resumes after the function or script.).15 E F2(set)108 225.6 Q -F0([)2.5 E F2(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6f>-2.5 E -F1(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -F2(set)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(+o)-2.5 E F1(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0 -(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 249.6 S .836(thout options, the name and v).4 F -.835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .835 -(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 -(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 261.6 -R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784 -(riables cannot be).25 F 2.912(reset. In)144 273.6 R F1(posix)2.912 E F0 +-5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the) +144 232.8 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) +-.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26 +(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 244.8 Q F0 +(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 261.6 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 273.6 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 +(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02 +(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .596 +(the return status is that of the last command e)144 285.6 R -.15(xe) +-.15 G .597(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.597(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.597 E +F1 -.18(re)3.097 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .597(is e)3.097 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cuted).15 E 1.239(by a trap handler)144 297.6 R 3.738(,t)-.4 G 1.238 +(he last command used to determine the status is the last command e) +-3.738 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 1.066(before the trap handler)144 +309.6 R 6.067(.i)-.55 G(f)-6.067 E F1 -.18(re)3.567 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E +F0 1.067(is e)3.567 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.067(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB) +3.567 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.067(trap, the last command used to)3.567 F .39 +(determine the status is the last command e)144 321.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.389(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.889 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)2.889 G 2.889(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.889 H -.1(ke) +.4 G(d.).1 E(If)144 333.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.583 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 +.084(is used outside a function, b)2.583 F .084(ut during e)-.2 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .084(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.584 E F0(\()5.084 +E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.584(\)c)C .084(ommand, it)-2.584 F .589 +(causes the shell to stop e)144 345.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589 +(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .588 +(or the e)3.328 F .588(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .325(mand e) +144 357.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F +.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .326 +(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F .445 +(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 369.6 R .444 +(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F F1 -.18(re)2.944 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F(gu-)-.18 E .381 +(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 381.6 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E +F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c)-5.381 H(om-).15 +E .75(mand associated with the)144 393.6 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 +(trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 405.6 Q F1 +(set)108 422.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C +F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E +F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 434.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 +2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E +(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 446.4 S .835 +(thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F +.836(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 +(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 458.4 +R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .783 +(riables cannot be).25 F 2.911(reset. In)144 470.4 R F2(posix)2.911 E F0 .412(mode, only shell v)2.912 F .412(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .412 -(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.53 -(locale. When)144 285.6 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F -3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An) --.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F -1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 297.6 R 1.623 +(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.531 +(locale. When)144 482.4 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.531 F +3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.53(utes. An) +-.2 F 3.53(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.53 G 1.03(uments remaining).18 F 1.623 +(after option processing are treated as v)144 494.4 R 1.624 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order) -144 309.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F2($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F2($2)2.5 E F0(,)A -F2 2.5(... $)2.5 F F1(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 --.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 321.6 Q -F0 .539(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539 -(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F .54 -(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 333.6 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.) --.4 E F2<ad62>144 345.6 Q F0 .132 -(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F -2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E -(primary prompt.)184 357.6 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) --.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F2<ad65>144 369.6 Q F0 -.087(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F1(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 -(\(which may consist of a single)2.587 F F1 .088(simple command)2.588 F -F0 .088(\), a)B F1(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 381.6 Q -F1 1.294(compound command)3.794 F F0(\(see)3.794 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.294(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.794 F F0(abo)3.544 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.793(\), e) -.15 F 1.293(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .079 -(The shell does not e)184 393.6 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F -.08(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 405.6 Q -1.655(wing a)-.25 F F2(while)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F2(until)4.155 E F0 --.1(ke)4.155 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.654 -(wing the)-.25 F F2(if)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F2(elif)4.154 E F0(reserv) -4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 417.6 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) --.15 G .581(ommand e)-3.081 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F2 -(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F2(||)3.081 E F0 .582(list e)3.082 F .582 -(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 429.6 R -F2(&&)3.418 E F0(or)3.418 E F2(||)3.418 E F0 3.418(,a)C 1.218 -.15(ny c) --3.418 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .917 -(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.417(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.417 E --.25(va)184 441.6 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66 -(rted with).15 F F2(!)3.16 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .661 -(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.113 -(non-zero status because a command f)184 453.6 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F -F2<ad65>3.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.112 -(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 465.6 R 2.677 -(xit. A)-.15 F .177(trap on)2.677 F F2(ERR)2.677 E F0 2.677(,i)C 2.678 -(fs)-2.677 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 -(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.678(xits. This)-.15 F .178 -(option applies to)2.678 F .618(the shell en)184 477.6 R .617 +144 506.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A +F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 518.4 Q +F0 1.378(Each v)184 518.4 R 1.377 +(ariable or function that is created or modi\214ed is gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.377(xport attrib)-.15 F +1.377(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 530.4 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 +E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1<ad62>144 542.4 Q F0 .131 +(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 542.4 R +2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E +(primary prompt.)184 554.4 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) +-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 566.4 Q F0 +.088(Exit immediately if a)184 566.4 R F2(pipeline)2.588 E F0 .087 +(\(which may consist of a single)2.588 F F2 .087(simple command)2.587 F +F0 .087(\), a)B F2(list)2.587 E F0 2.587(,o)C(r)-2.587 E(a)184 578.4 Q +F2 1.52(compound command)4.02 F F0(\(see)4.021 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +1.521(SHELL GRAMMAR)4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e) +.15 F 1.521(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .08 +(The shell does not e)184 590.4 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F +.079(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 602.4 +Q 1.654(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(until)4.154 E F0 +-.1(ke)4.154 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.655 +(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(elif)4.155 E F0(reserv) +4.155 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 614.4 S .582(rds, part of an).1 F 3.082(yc) +-.15 G .582(ommand e)-3.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 +(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .581(list e)3.081 F .581 +(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .917(the \214nal)184 626.4 R +F1(&&)3.417 E F0(or)3.417 E F1(||)3.417 E F0 3.417(,a)C 1.217 -.15(ny c) +-3.417 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .918 +(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.418(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.418 E +-.25(va)184 638.4 S .661(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .661 +(rted with).15 F F1(!)3.161 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .66 +(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.112 +(non-zero status because a command f)184 650.4 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F +F1<ad65>3.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.113 +(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .178(not e)184 662.4 R 2.678 +(xit. 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All).15 F .651(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .679 +(process group.)184 216 R .678(When a background job completes, the she\ +ll prints a line containing its)5.679 F -.15(ex)184 228 S(it status.).15 +E F1<ad6e>144 240 Q F0 .652(Read commands b)184 240 R .652(ut do not e) +-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .652(cute them.).15 F .653 +(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.652 F(syntax errors.)184 +252 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E +F1<ad6f>144 264 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The) +184 276 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E +(wing:)-.25 E F1(allexport)184 288 Q F0(Same as)224 300 Q F1<ad61>2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(braceexpand)184 312 Q F0(Same as)224 324 Q F1<ad42>2.5 E F0(.) +A F1(emacs)184 336 Q F0 .089 +(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 336 R 2.589 +(ace. This)-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 +(when the shell is interacti)224 348 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 (nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting)3.45 E -F0 2.5(option. This)224 180 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) +F0 2.5(option. This)224 360 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) -.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(err) -184 192 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)11.31 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(errtrace)184 204 Q F0(Same as)5.03 E F1<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(functrace) -184 216 Q F0(Same as)224 228 Q F1<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(hashall)184 240 Q -F0(Same as)9.43 E F1<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(histexpand)184 252 Q F0 -(Same as)224 264 Q F1<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history)184 276 Q F0 .586 -(Enable command history)10 F 3.087(,a)-.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587 -(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 288 Q +184 372 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 372 Q F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(errtrace)184 384 Q F0(Same as)224 384 Q F1<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(functrace)184 396 Q F0(Same as)224 408 Q F1<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(hashall)184 420 Q F0(Same as)224 420 Q F1<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(histexpand)184 432 Q F0(Same as)224 444 Q F1<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(history)184 456 Q F0 .587(Enable command history)224 456 R 3.087(,a) +-.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 +H(nder).15 E F2(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 468 Q (ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 -300 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 312 R 1.657 +480 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656(The ef)224 492 R 1.656 (fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) -4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 -324 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) -.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 336 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 348 Q F1 -<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 360 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F1<ad6d>2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 372 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 384 Q F1<ad43>2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 396 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(noglob)184 408 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog)184 -420 Q F0(Currently ignored.)16.66 E F1(notify)184 432 Q F0(Same as)15 E -F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 444 Q F0(Same as)6.66 E F1<ad75>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 456 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(ph)184 468 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(pipefail)184 480 Q F0 1.029(If set, the return v)7.77 F 1.029 -(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.03 -(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 492 R +4.157 E F0 1.657(had been e)4.157 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 +504 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 516 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 528 Q F1 +<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 540 Q F0(Same as)224 540 Q F1<ad6d>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 552 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 564 Q F1<ad43>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 576 Q F0(Same as)224 576 Q F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A +F1(noglob)184 588 Q F0(Same as)224 588 Q F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog) +184 600 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 600 Q F1(notify)184 612 Q F0 +(Same as)224 612 Q F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 624 Q F0(Same as) +224 624 Q F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 636 Q F0(Same as)224 636 Q +F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 648 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 648 Q +F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 660 Q F0 1.03(If set, the return v) +224 660 R 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.029 +(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 672 R 1.136 (xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) --.15 F -.15(ex)224 504 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G -(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 516 Q F0 -2.09(Change the beha)17.77 F 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 +-.15 F -.15(ex)224 684 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 696 Q F0 +2.091(Change the beha)224 696 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 (fers from the)-.25 F 1.212(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 -528 R F2 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F3 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F -F0(belo)3.462 E(w)-.25 E 2.306 -(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 540 R 4.807(wp)-.25 G -2.307(osix mode af)-4.807 F 2.307(fects bash')-.25 F(s)-.55 E(beha)224 -552 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 564 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 -576 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 588 S(rbose).1 E F0(Same as) -7.33 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 600 Q F0 1.466 -(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 F 3.965(ace. This)-.1 -F 1.465(also af)3.965 F 1.465(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 612 Q -(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(xtrace)184 -624 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 642 Q F1<ad6f>3.052 -E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F2(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053 -(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553(alues of the current options are printed.) --.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 654 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F -F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0 3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set) -3.571 E F0 1.071(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F -(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 666 Q F1<ad70> -144 678 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1 -(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F -F3($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.072 -(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 690 R 1.5 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)184 702 S -(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0 -(and)2.774 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G .524 -(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F -(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 714 R .38 -(If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u) --.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F 2.196 -(user \(group\) id, and the)184 726 R F1<ad70>4.696 E F0 2.196 -(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)4.696 F 2.196(en and the) --.1 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +708 R F3 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F2 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F +F0(belo)3.463 E(w)-.25 E 2.307 +(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 720 R 4.806(wp)-.25 G +2.306(osix mode af)-4.806 F 2.306(fects bash')-.25 F(s)-.55 E +(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 16 16 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(ef)184 84 Q -(fecti)-.25 E 1.667 -.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.367 -(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F 1.367(If the)6.367 F/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad70>3.867 E F0 1.366 -(option is supplied at startup, the)3.866 F(ef)184 96 Q(fecti)-.25 E -.708 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .408(ser id is not reset.).15 F -.45(Tu)5.409 G -.409(rning this option of).45 F 2.909(fc)-.25 G .409(auses the ef)-2.909 -F(fecti)-.25 E .709 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .409(ser and group).15 F -(ids to be set to the real user and group ids.)184 108 Q F1<ad74>144 120 -Q F0(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 132 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .044 -(eat unset v).35 F .044(ariables and parameters other than the special \ -parameters "@" and "*" as an)-.25 F .182 -(error when performing parameter e)184 144 R 2.682(xpansion. If)-.15 F --.15(ex)2.682 G .183(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 -E .746(able or parameter)184 156 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(beha)224 84 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(pri)184 96 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 108 Q F1 +<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 120 S(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)224 120 Q +F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 132 Q F0 1.465 +(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 132 R 3.966(ace. 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If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.683 G .182 +(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746 +(able or parameter)184 342 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 (he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.246(,e).15 G .746(xits with a)-3.396 F(non-zero status.)184 -168 Q F1<ad76>144 180 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)29.3 E 2.5(ya) --.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 192 Q F0 .315(After e)29.3 F .315 -(xpanding each)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .315(simple command)2.815 -F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E -F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236 -(or arithmetic)184 204 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236 -(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of) --.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS4)3.736 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 -(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 216 Q +354 Q F1<ad76>144 366 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)184 366 Q 2.5 +(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 378 Q F0 .315(After e)184 378 R +.315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2 .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25 +(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,) +2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 +390 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F +1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0 +(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 402 Q (xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1 -<ad42>144 228 Q F0 2.578(The shell performs brace e)27.63 F 2.578 +<ad42>144 414 Q F0 2.579(The shell performs brace e)184 414 R 2.578 (xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 2.578(Brace Expansion)5.078 F F0(abo)5.078 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 240 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 252 Q F0 .214(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.714 E -F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 +-.15(ve)-.15 G 5.078(\). This).15 F 2.578(is on by)5.078 F(def)184 426 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 438 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 438 R F1(bash)2.713 E +F0 .213(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 (xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 -2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F -3.053(tors. This)184 264 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F +3.054(tors. 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The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 312 Q F1 -<ad48>144 324 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 -(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 -F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 336 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 348 Q F0 .959 -(If set, the shell does not resolv)28.19 F 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 -(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96 -(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 2.822 -(that change the current w)184 360 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 -(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821 -(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. 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The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 498 Q F1 +<ad48>144 510 Q F0(Enable)184 510 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531 +(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531 +F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 522 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 534 Q F0 .96 +(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 534 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 +(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959 +(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 2.821 +(that change the current w)184 546 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 +(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.822 +(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.686(instead. By)184 558 R(def)2.686 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 384 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 -396 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 570 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 +582 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 582 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 408 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 594 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 420 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 432 Q -F0 .401(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 606 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 618 Q +F0 .4(If no ar)184 618 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 (his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 444 Q F2 -(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G +(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 630 Q +F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G (ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144 -456 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2 -(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G -1.945(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 468 R -F1<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945 -(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no) -3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B -(parameters remain unchanged.)184 480 Q .425(The options are of)144 -496.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 +642 Q F0 1.945(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 642 R +F2(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G +1.944(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 654 R +F1<ad78>3.445 E F0(and)3.445 E F1<ad76>3.445 E F0 .945 +(options are turned of)3.445 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .946(there are no) +3.445 F F2(ar)3.446 E(g)-.37 E F0 .946(s, the positional)B +(parameters remain unchanged.)184 666 Q .425(The options are of)144 +682.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 -(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 -(to be turned of)144 508.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177 +(to be turned of)144 694.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) --.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 520.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066 +(current set of options may be found in)144 706.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 -(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F -(is encountered.)144 532.8 Q F1(shift)108 549.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 561.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 -.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G -.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 573.6 Q F1($#)2.582 -E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082 -(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) -.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06 -(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 585.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 -.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F -(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 -(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 597.6 R -.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 -.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 -(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 609.6 Q F1(shopt)108 626.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 638.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 -(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E -5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374 -(listed belo)144 650.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H -2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F1<ad6f>2.874 E F0 .375 -(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 -F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 3.326(mand. W)144 662.4 R .826 -(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>3.326 E F0 .825 -(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.326 F -.945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 674.4 R(The)5.945 E -F1<ad70>3.445 E F0 .945(option causes output to be displayed in a form) -3.445 F(that may be reused as input.)144 686.4 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3 --.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 698.4 Q -F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 710.4 -Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A -(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(16)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F +(is encountered.)144 718.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E +(16)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 17 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad71>144 84 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet\ - mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 -96 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256 -(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1 -<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F -(all)180 108 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 -E F1<ad6f>144 120 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2 -(optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0 -(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625 -(If either)144 136.8 R F1<ad73>3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 -.624(is used with no)3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,) --.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 E F0(sho)3.124 E .624 -(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233(set or unset, respecti)144 -148.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U)-.65 G 2.234 -(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0 2.234 -(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 160.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E -1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 177.6 R -F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.044 F -.696 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shift)108 84 Q F0([) +2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A .428 +(The positional parameters from)144 96 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 .429 +(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G .429 +(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 108 Q F1($#)2.583 E F0 +(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083 +(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to) +.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06 +(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 120 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06 +(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F(If) +5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56(,t) +C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 132 R .144 +(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 .143 +(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0 +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 144 Q F1(shopt)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 +E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)-2.5 E +F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 172.8 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639 +(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E +5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375 +(listed belo)144 184.8 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H +2.875(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375 +(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 +F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .374(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 3.325(mand. W)144 196.8 R .825 +(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>3.325 E F0 .826 +(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.325 F +.945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 208.8 R(The)5.945 E +F1<ad70>3.445 E F0 .945(option causes output to be displayed in a form) +3.445 F(that may be reused as input.)144 220.8 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 232.8 Q +F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 232.8 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 +244.8 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)180 244.8 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +<ad71>144 256.8 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the \ +return status indicates whether the)180 256.8 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0 +(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 268.8 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2 +(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255 +(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 280.8 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E +F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 292.8 Q F0 +(Restricts the v)180 292.8 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 +(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 +E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 309.6 R F1 +<ad73>3.124 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) +3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 +E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.234 +(set or unset, respecti)144 321.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U) +-.65 G 2.234(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0 +2.234(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 333.6 Q(ault.) +-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 +350.4 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) +4.045 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 189.6 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696 -(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 201.6 Q(The list of)144 218.4 Q F1(shopt) -2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 236.4 Q F0 .2 -(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 248.4 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +144 362.4 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695 +(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 374.4 Q(The list of)144 391.2 Q F1(shopt) +2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 409.2 Q F0 .199 +(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 409.2 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ment to the)184 421.2 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1(cdable_v)144 260.4 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 272.4 R .155 -(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 +F1(cdable_v)144 433.2 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 445.2 R .156 +(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 284.4 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 296.4 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 457.2 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 469.2 Q F0 1.055 -(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a) -10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 -(corrected. The)184 308.4 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 -(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 320.4 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184 +469.2 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 +(corrected. The)184 481.2 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 +(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a) +-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 493.2 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) -.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 (orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F -(the command proceeds.)184 332.4 Q +(the command proceeds.)184 505.2 Q (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(checkhash)144 344.4 Q F0 2.079(If set,)184 356.4 R F1(bash) -4.579 E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F -2.08(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 368.4 S(cute it.).15 E -(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 380.4 -Q F0 .449(If set,)184 392.4 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 -(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 -(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 404.4 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G -.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 -(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 -(attempted without an interv)184 416.4 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 +.15 E F1(checkhash)144 517.2 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 529.2 R F1(bash)3.237 +E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.237 F .736 +(xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 +541.2 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 553.2 +Q F0 .448(If set,)184 565.2 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 +(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449 +(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 577.2 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G +.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938 +(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 +(attempted without an interv)184 589.2 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 428.4 Q -.1(wa) +-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 601.2 Q -.1(wa) -.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G -(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 440.4 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 -452.4 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0 .796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G -.797(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G -.797(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 464.4 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5 +(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 613.2 Q F0 .797(If set,)184 +625.2 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G +.796(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G +.796(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 637.2 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist) -144 476.4 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 +144 649.2 Q F0 1.202(If set,)184 649.2 R F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 (attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184 -488.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E -(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 500.4 -Q F0 .419(If set,)184 512.4 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha) -2.919 F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .42 -(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .462(to the) -184 524.4 R F1([[)2.962 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E +661.2 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E +(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 673.2 +Q F0 .42(If set,)184 685.2 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 +F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419 +(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .461(to the) +184 697.2 R F1([[)2.961 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E F1(=~)2.962 E F0 .462 (operator and locale-speci\214c string comparison when)2.962 F .71 -(using the)184 536.4 R F1([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F +(using the)184 709.2 R F1([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F (s)-.55 E F1(<)3.21 E F0(and)3.21 E F1(>)3.21 E F0 3.21(operators. Bash) -3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .821 -(use ASCII collation and)184 548.4 R F2(str)3.321 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 .821 -(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 3.32(sc)-.55 G -(ollation)-3.32 E(sequence and)184 560.4 Q F2(str)2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 572.4 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 584.4 R F1 -(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v) --.2 F 1.41(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .423 -(string comparison when using the)184 596.4 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422 -(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>) -2.922 E F0 .422(operators \(see pre-)2.922 F(vious item\).)184 608.4 Q -F1(compat40)144 620.4 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 632.4 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 +3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .82 +(use ASCII collation and)184 721.2 R F2(str)3.321 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 .821 +(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 3.321(sc)-.55 G +(ollation)-3.321 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(17) +198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 18 18 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(sequence and)184 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(str)2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).51 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat32) +144 96 Q F0 1.41(If set,)184 108 R F2(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41 +(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409 +(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .422 +(string comparison when using the)184 120 R F2([[)2.922 E F0 .422 +(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F2(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F2(>) +2.923 E F0 .423(operators \(see pre-)2.923 F .481 +(vious item\) and the ef)184 132 R .481 +(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .48(Bash v)5.481 F .48 +(ersions 3.2 and earlier)-.15 F(continue with the ne)184 144 Q +(xt command in the list after one terminates due to an interrupt.)-.15 E +F2(compat40)144 156 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 168 R F2(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 (ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.008 -(string comparison when using the)184 644.4 R F1([[)4.508 E F0 2.007 -(conditional command')4.508 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.507 E F0(and)4.507 E F1(>) -4.507 E F0 2.007(operators \(see)4.507 F .769(description of)184 656.4 R -F1(compat31)3.269 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 +(string comparison when using the)184 180 R F2([[)4.508 E F0 2.007 +(conditional command')4.508 F(s)-.55 E F2(<)4.507 E F0(and)4.507 E F2(>) +4.507 E F0 2.007(operators \(see)4.507 F .769(description of)184 192 R +F2(compat31)3.269 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 (fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .77(Bash v)5.77 F(ersions) -.15 E .087(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 -668.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.586(dt).15 G .086(he interrupt; pre)-2.586 F -.086(vious v)-.25 F .086(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 680.4 -Q(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 692.4 Q F0 1.483 -(If set,)184 704.4 R F1(bash)3.983 E F0 3.983(,w)C 1.483(hen in)-3.983 F -F2(posix)3.983 E F0 1.484 +204 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.586(dt).15 G .086(he interrupt; pre)-2.586 F .086 +(vious v)-.25 F .086(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 216 Q +(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F2(compat41)144 228 Q F0 1.483(If set,) +184 240 R F2(bash)3.983 E F0 3.983(,w)C 1.483(hen in)-3.983 F F1(posix) +3.983 E F0 1.484 (mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)3.983 F -.15 -(ex)184 716.4 S .959(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.959(.T)-.55 -G .958(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.959 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.458 +(ex)184 252 S .959(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.959(.T)-.55 G +.958(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.959 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.458 (nn).15 G .958(umber\) and)-3.458 F .59 -(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 -728.4 R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 -768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(17)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 18 18 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .59 -(posix mode through v)184 84 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def) +(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 264 +R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .59 +(posix mode through v)184 276 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def) 5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .589 -(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(compat42)144 108 Q F0 1.796(If set,)184 120 R F1(bash)4.296 E F0 1.796 +(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 288 Q F2(compat42)144 300 Q +F0 1.796(If set,)184 312 R F2(bash)4.296 E F0 1.796 (does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution w) -4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 132 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E -.25 -(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(complete_fullquote)144 144 Q F0 .654(If set,)184 -156 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214le\ -names and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524 -(forming completion.)184 168 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F1(bash)4.024 E -F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524 -(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of c\ -haracters that will be quoted in completed \214lenames when these)184 -180 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 192 R .028 -(ariable references in w)-.25 F .029(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .029 -(This means)5.029 F 1.073(that dollar signs in v)184 204 R 1.073 +4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 324 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E -.25 +(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F2(compat43)144 336 Q F0 .141(If set,)184 348 R F2 +(bash)2.641 E F0 .141(does not print a w)2.641 F .14 +(arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .912 +(pound array assignment as an ar)184 360 R .912(gument to)-.18 F F2 +(declar)3.413 E(e)-.18 E F0 3.413(,m)C(ak)-3.413 E .913(es w)-.1 F .913 +(ord e)-.1 F .913(xpansion errors non-)-.15 F -.1(fa)184 372 S .353 +(tal errors that cause the current command to f).1 F .353(ail \(the def) +-.1 F .352(ault beha)-.1 F .352(vior is to mak)-.2 F 2.852(et)-.1 G(hem) +-2.852 E -.1(fa)184 384 S 1.057(tal errors that cause the shell to e).1 +F 1.058(xit\), and does not reset the loop state when a shell)-.15 F +.375(function is e)184 396 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .375(cuted \(this allo).15 F +(ws)-.25 E F2(br)2.875 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.875 E F2(continue)2.875 E F0 +.374(in a shell function to af)2.875 F .374(fect loops in)-.25 F +(the caller')184 408 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G(onte)-2.5 E(xt\).)-.15 E F2 +(complete_fullquote)144 420 Q F0 .653(If set,)184 432 R F2(bash)3.153 E +F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214lenames and directory na\ +mes when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.525(forming completion.)184 444 R 1.524 +(If not set,)6.525 F F2(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +4.024(sm).15 G 1.524(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F +2.667(from the set of characters that will be quoted in completed \214l\ +enames when these)184 456 R .029(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 +468 R .028(ariable references in w)-.25 F .028(ords to be completed.)-.1 +F .028(This means)5.028 F 1.072(that dollar signs in v)184 480 R 1.073 (ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 (xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)184 216 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 +(ev e)184 492 T 1.923 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.423 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 (ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F -6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.123(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 +6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.122(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 (only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184 -228 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 240 Q +504 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 516 Q (ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E -(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F1(dir)144 252 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .486 -(If set,)184 264 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 +(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F2(dir)144 528 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .487 +(If set,)184 540 R F2(bash)2.987 E F0 .486 (replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F -.487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184 -276 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F -(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E(set,) -184 288 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G -(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 300 Q F0 .858(If set,)7.77 F -F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 -(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 +.486(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .179(ing \214lename completion.)184 +552 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.179 F +(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.18(.I)-.55 G 2.68(fn)-5.18 G(ot)-2.68 E(set,)184 +564 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G +(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F2(dirspell)144 576 Q F0 .859(If set,)184 +576 R F2(bash)3.359 E F0 .858 +(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858 (ord completion if)-.1 F -(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 312 Q(xist.)-.15 E -F1(dotglob)144 324 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 -(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i) --.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 336 Q F0 1.386 -(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386 -(hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 348 Q -(gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 588 Q(xist.)-.15 E +F2(dotglob)144 600 Q F0(If set,)184 600 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0 +(includes \214lenames be)2.5 E(ginning with a `.)-.15 E 2.5('i)-.7 G 2.5 +(nt)-2.5 G(he results of pathname e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2(execfail) +144 612 Q F0 1.386(If set, a non-interacti)184 612 R 1.686 -.15(ve s) +-.25 H 1.386(hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 624 Q +(gument to the)-.18 E F2(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E (An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 -E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 360 Q F0 -.717(If set, aliases are e)184 372 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 -F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E -/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .716(This option is enabled)5.217 F -(by def)184 384 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 396 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 408 Q -(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 -420 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1 -(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 +E F2(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F2(expand_aliases)144 636 Q F0 +.717(If set, aliases are e)184 648 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 +F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E +/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .716(This option is enabled)5.217 F +(by def)184 660 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) +.15 E F2(extdeb)144 672 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .671(If set at shell in)184 684 R +-.2(vo)-.4 G .671(cation, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .671 +(cute the deb).15 F .672(ugger pro\214le before the shell starts,)-.2 F +.221(identical to the)184 696 R F2<adad646562>2.721 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 +2.721(option. If)2.721 F .221(set after in)2.721 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .221 +(cation, beha).2 F .22(vior intended for use by)-.2 F(deb)184 708 Q +(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E +(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 19 19 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(1.)184 84 Q F0(The) +220 84 Q F1<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1(declar)4.251 E +(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 (iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 432 Q -(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 444 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5 -F F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F -1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 456 -Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 468 Q F0 .84 -(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 96 Q +(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 108 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)220 +108 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F +1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 120 +Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 132 Q F0 .84 +(If the command run by the)220 132 R F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 (trap returns a v)3.341 F .841(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 -(exe)220 480 S .488 +(exe)220 144 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 492 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1 --.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1(4.)184 504 Q -F2 -.27(BA)28.5 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G -(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904(are updated as described in their descriptions) -3.154 F(abo)220 516 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 528 Q F0 1.359 -(Function tracing is enabled:)28.5 F 1.359 -(command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)6.359 F(shells in)220 -540 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1 -(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.) -184 552 Q F0 .804(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .805 -(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 564 -Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4 -(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.) -2.5 E F1(extglob)144 576 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4 +(sour)220 156 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 168 Q/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)220 168 S +(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 +(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 180 Q +-.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 192 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ +bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 192 R +(shells in)220 204 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1 +(\()2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 +(inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0 +(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 216 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comman\ +d substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 216 R(in)220 228 Q +-.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F3(command) +2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.)2.5 E F1 +(extglob)144 240 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 240 R .4 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 588 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 600 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 612 R -F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 -E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) --4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G -(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 624 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 636 Q F0 -1.425(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425 +-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 252 Q +F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 264 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 276 R +F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F3(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 +E F0(")A F3(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) +-4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F3(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G +(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 288 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 300 Q F0 +1.425(If set, patterns which f)184 300 R 1.425 (ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424 -(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 648 S(pansion error).15 E(.) --.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 660 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.936(If set, the suf)184 672 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) +(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 312 S(pansion error).15 E(.) +-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 324 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 +.936(If set, the suf)184 336 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) -.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) --.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 684 R .32 +-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 348 R .32 (ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 (he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947 -(pletions. See)184 696 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 +(pletions. See)184 360 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 (abo)2.697 E .747 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 -(FIGNORE)2.948 E F3(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 F(enabled by def) -184 708 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(18) -198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 19 19 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(globasciiranges)144 84 Q F0 2.519(If set, range e)184 -96 R 2.519(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518(et e) --.1 F 2.518(xpressions \(see)-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.09(Pa)5.018 G -(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E(Matching)184 108 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.214(\)b).15 G(eha)-3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214 -(fi)-3.214 G 3.214(nt)-3.214 G .714 -(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.)-3.214 F 1.02 -(That is, the current locale')184 120 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02 +(FIGNORE)2.948 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 +F(enabled by def)184 372 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 384 Q F0 +2.519(If set, range e)184 396 R 2.519 +(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518(et e)-.1 F 2.518 +(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E +(Matching)184 408 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b).15 G(eha) +-3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 +(nt)-3.214 G .714(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.) +-3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 420 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02 (ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F F1 -(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 132 R F1(A) +(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 432 R F1(A) 3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F .957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 -(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 144 Q(.)-.55 E -F1(globstar)144 156 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)5 F F1(**)3.019 E F0 -.519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 +(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 444 Q(.)-.55 E +F1(globstar)144 456 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 456 R F1(**)3.019 +E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 (xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 -(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 168 R .431 +(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 468 R .431 (If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -180 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 192 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ -en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 204 Q F1(histappend)144 -216 Q F0 .676 +480 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 492 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ +en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 504 Q F1(histappend)144 +516 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -228 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F2(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G -(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 240 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 252 Q(eedit)-.18 -E F0 .575(If set, and)184 264 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 +528 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F2(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G +(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 540 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 552 Q(eedit)-.18 +E F0 .575(If set, and)184 564 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 (is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576 (he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F -(tory substitution.)184 276 Q F1(histv)144 288 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 -(If set, and)184 300 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 +(tory substitution.)184 576 Q F1(histv)144 588 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 +(If set, and)184 600 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 312 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 612 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 (nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 324 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 624 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 336 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 348 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +(hostcomplete)144 636 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 648 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 (will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 -360 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +660 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 (is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E -F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 372 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F -(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 384 Q F0(If set,) -184 396 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 +F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 672 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 684 Q F0(If set,) +184 696 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 408 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 -.33(If set, allo)184 420 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 -(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33 -(ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 -(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 432 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 -H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.467(\). This).15 F .968(option is)3.468 F(enabled by def)184 444 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 456 Q F0 1.212 -(If set, and job control is not acti)6.66 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.712(,t).15 -G 1.212(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not)-3.712 F -.15 -(exe)184 468 S(cuted in the background in the current shell en).15 E -(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 480 Q F0 .654(If set, and the)15.55 F -F1(cmdhist)3.154 E F0 .654 -(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.155(dt).15 G 3.155(ot)-3.155 G .655(he history)-3.155 F -(with embedded ne)184 492 Q -(wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(login_shell)144 504 Q F0 .486 -(The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -516 R F2(INV)2.986 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.736 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.986(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 528 S(lue may not be changed.).25 -E F1(mailwar)144 540 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .814(If set, and a \214le that)184 -552 R F1(bash)3.314 E F0 .815 -(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.314 F --.1(wa)184 564 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E -(`The mail in)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 -(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1 -(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 576 Q F0 .325(If set, and)184 588 R F1 -.18 -(re)2.825 G(adline).18 E F0 .325(is being used,)2.825 F F1(bash)2.824 E -F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.824 G(TH) --.189 E F0 .324(for possible)2.574 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 600 Q F1 -(nocaseglob)144 612 Q F0 .436(If set,)184 624 R F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436 -(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.936 F .737 -.15(ve f)-.25 -H .437(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 636 S -(pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 648 Q F0 1.194(If set,)184 -660 R F1(bash)3.694 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) -3.694 F 1.493 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.193(ashion when performing matching).05 -F(while e)184 672 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 -E F1([[)2.5 E F0(conditional commands.)2.5 E F1(nullglob)144 684 Q F0 -.854(If set,)184 696 R F1(bash)3.354 E F0(allo)3.354 E .855 -(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.355 G .855 -(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.355 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.355(\)t).15 G(o) --3.355 E -.15(ex)184 708 S(pand to a null string, rather than themselv) -.15 E(es.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 -E 0 Cg EP +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19) +198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 20 20 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)144 84 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .677 -(If set, the programmable completion f)184 96 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 -F F1(Pr)3.176 E .676(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.176 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E(are enabled.)184 108 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 120 Q(omptv) --.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447(If set, prompt strings under)184 132 R 1.448 -(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) --.15 F -.15(ex)184 144 S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 -G 2.67(la).25 G .17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in) --.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.67 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 156 Q(ault.)-.1 E -F1 -.18(re)144 168 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(inherit_err)144 84 Q +(exit)-.18 E F0 .22(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 96 R +.219(alue of the)-.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219 +(option, instead of unsetting)2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 108 Q +2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F(option is enabled when)2.5 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti) +144 120 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 132 R 2.83 +(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 +.33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33(ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F +.967(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 144 R 1.267 -.15(ve s) +-.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0 +(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F +(enabled by def)184 156 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 168 Q F0 .066 +(If set, and job control is not acti)184 168 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566(,t) +.15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted in the background in the current shell en) +184 180 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 192 Q F0 .655(If set, and the) +184 192 R F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 +(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G +3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F +(with embedded ne)184 204 Q +(wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 +(login_shell)144 216 Q F0 .486 +(The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 +228 R F3(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 240 S(lue may not be changed.).25 +E F1(mailwar)144 252 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 +264 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 +(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F +-.1(wa)184 276 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +(`The mail in)-.74 E F2(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i) +-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 288 +Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 300 R F1 -.18(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324 +(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324 +(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F3 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E +F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 312 Q F1 +(nocaseglob)144 324 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 336 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436 +(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 +H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 348 S +(pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 360 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 +372 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) +3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 +F .551(while e)184 384 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0 +(or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E F0 .551 +(conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 F -.1 +(wo)184 396 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering possib\ +le completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 408 Q F1 +(nullglob)144 420 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 432 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo) +3.355 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa) +3.354 G .854(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.354 +(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 444 S +(pand to a null string, rather than themselv).15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 +456 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676(If set, the programmable completion f)184 +468 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677 +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E +(are enabled.)184 480 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 +(pr)144 492 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448 +(If set, prompt strings under)184 504 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F +1.447(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 516 +S .17(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 +(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F F3(PR)2.671 E +(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E +(This option is enabled by def)184 528 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 540 +S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) -184 180 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 192 Q 4.178 -(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)4.178 G 1.678(lue may not be changed.).25 F -1.678(This is not reset when the startup \214les are)6.678 F -.15(exe) -184 204 S(cuted, allo).15 E(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E +184 552 R F3 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 564 Q 2.86 +(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)2.86 G .36(lue may not be changed.).25 F .36 +(This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 576 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E -F1(shift_v)144 216 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 228 R F1 -(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 -(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 -(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 240 Q F1(sour) -144 252 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 264 R F1(sour)3.271 E -(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) --3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 -(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) -184 276 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.) --.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 288 Q F0(If set, the)184 300 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 --.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 -E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 316.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.001 -(Suspend the e)144 328.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 -(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G -F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002(login shell cannot be) -3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 340.8 R F1<ad66>2.523 E F0 .023 -(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 -(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) -5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 352.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E +F1(shift_v)144 588 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 600 R F1 +(shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501 +(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .501 +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 612 Q F1(sour) +144 624 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 636 R F1(sour)3.27 E(ce) +-.18 E F0(\()3.27 E F1(.)A F0 3.27(\)b)C .77(uiltin uses the v)-3.47 F +.771(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771 +(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F +(\214le supplied as an ar)184 648 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F +(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 660 Q F0 +(If set, the)184 672 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E +(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) +108 688.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 700.8 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G F3(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A)3.251 F 1.001 +(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 712.8 R F1<ad66> +2.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 +(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023(The return status is) +5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 724.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 -E F1(test)108 369.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) -108 381.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 -(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)6.77 F .878 -(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 -(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 393.6 -S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 +E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 21 21 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(test)108 84 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 96 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G +(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .878(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 +96 R .877(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .877 +(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F2 -.2(ex)144 108 S +(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 (ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 -(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.079 -(primaries described abo)144 405.6 R 3.379 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E -F2(CONDITION)5.579 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(.)A F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.08(does not accept an)5.58 F(y)-.15 E -(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 417.6 Q(gument of)-.18 -E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .786 -(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 435.6 R .785 -(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.411 -(dence. The)144 447.6 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911 -(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .912(guments; see belo)-.18 F -4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F -(used when there are \214v)144 459.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G -(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 471.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E -F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E -(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 483.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 -.26(Returns the v)6.77 F .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 +(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.08 +(primaries described abo)144 120 R 3.38 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)5.58 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.079(does not accept an)5.579 +F(y)-.15 E(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 132 Q +(gument of)-.18 E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 +E .785(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 150 R .786 +(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.412 +(dence. The)144 162 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912 +(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .911(guments; see belo)-.18 F +4.711 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .911(perator precedence is).65 F +(used when there are \214v)144 174 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) +-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 186 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35 +(Tr)180 186 S(ue if).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.) +-.1 E F1(\()144 198 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26 +(Returns the v)180 198 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 495.6 Q F3 -.2 -(ex)144 507.6 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 --.35(Tr)180 519.6 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 -E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 531.6 S -(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 -543.6 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2 -(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 560.4 Q F0(and)2.5 E -F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 210 Q F2 -.2(ex) +144 222 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 +(Tr)180 234 S(ue if both).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F2 +-.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F2 -.2(ex)144 246 S(pr1).2 E +F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 258 S +(ue if either).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G +(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 274.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E +F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 578.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 590.4 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 602.4 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 614.4 Q +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 292.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 304.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 316.8 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 328.8 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 626.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 638.4 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 +E 2.5(2a)144 340.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) +180 352.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 650.4 R .38 -(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 662.4 Q .552 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 364.8 R .38 +(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 376.8 Q .553 (AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 (xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 -(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 674.4 Q +(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 388.8 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 686.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 698.4 R .236 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 400.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 412.8 R .236 (wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 -(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 710.4 R 1.155 -.15 -(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 722.4 R .578(xpression i\ +(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 424.8 R 1.155 -.15 +(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F +F4(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 436.8 R .578(xpression i\ s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F -(guments)-.18 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E -0 Cg EP -%%Page: 21 21 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 1.332 -(as operands.)180 84 R(The)6.332 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>3.832 E F0 -(and)3.832 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.333 +(guments)-.18 E 1.333(as operands.)180 448.8 R(The)6.333 E F1<ad61>3.833 +E F0(and)3.833 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.332 (operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 -(three ar)180 96 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F -.558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558 -(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 -E(gument)-.18 E .52(test using the second and third ar)180 108 R 3.021 -(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521(gument is e)-.18 F -(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.021 E F0 .521(and the third)3.021 F(ar)180 120 Q -.485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 2.985(,t)C .485 -(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485(gument test of the second ar)-.18 -F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E(wise, the e)180 132 Q -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 144 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 156 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1 -(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G .385(tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385 -(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 168 R 4.147 -(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647 -(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E -(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 180 Q -.15(ve) --.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 192 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 -E 1.635(The e)180 204 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va) --.25 G 1.635(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F -(abo)180 216 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 234 Q F1(test) -2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 -E F1(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E -(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 250.8 Q F0 +(three ar)180 460.8 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 +F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F +.558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F +(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 +472.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52 +(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 +F(ar)180 484.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 +2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 +(gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E +(wise, the e)180 496.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 +508.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385(If the \214rst ar)180 520.8 R +.385(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.885 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385 +(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .384(tion of the three-ar) +.05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.647 +(posed of the remaining ar)180 532.8 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F +1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 +G(luated).25 E(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 +544.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 556.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) +-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 568.8 R 1.635 +(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 +(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 +580.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 598.8 Q F1(test)2.5 E +F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1 +(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E +(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 615.6 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\ - processes run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 262.8 -Q F1(trap)108 279.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.702(The command)144 291.6 R F2(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702 -(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 -(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.203(ss).15 G -(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f)-5.703 E F2 -(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609(absent \(and there is a single) -144 303.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E -F0 3.108(,e)C .608 + processes run from the shell.)144 615.6 R(The return status is 0.)144 +627.6 Q F1(trap)108 644.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E +F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .703(The command) +144 656.4 R F2(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703(is to be read and e)3.423 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .702(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.202(ss).15 G(ignal\(s\))-3.202 E F2(sigspec)3.202 E F0 5.702(.I).31 G +(f)-5.702 E F2(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.422 E .608 +(absent \(and there is a single)144 668.4 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108 +(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.658(\(the v)144 315.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 +.659(\(the v)144 680.4 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +-.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 (is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 327.6 Q F0 .581 -(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 -(is not present and)3.3 F F1<ad70>3.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 339.6 R -F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 351.6 R F1<ad70>3.36 +144.34 692.4 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) +3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E +F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F1<ad70>3.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 704.4 R +F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 716.4 R F1<ad70>3.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 -(prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 -(signal. The)144 363.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ -to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F -4.311(bers. Each)144 375.6 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.81 -(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E -(names are case insensiti)144 387.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.648 -(If a)144 405.6 R F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(EXIT)4.148 E F0 -1.648(\(0\) the command)3.898 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e) -4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.) --.15 F 1.649(If a)6.649 F F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144 -417.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F -F2(ar)3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 -(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.167(simple command) -3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.667 E F0(command,)3.667 E F2(case)3.667 E F0 -(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 429.6 Q F2(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e) -2.646 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.646 E F0 .147 -(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147 -(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 441.6 R F3 .146 -(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 -F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 453.6 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7 -(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E(UG) --.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3 -(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 465.6 Q F2(ar) -3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 -(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.643(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F1(sour)3.143 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 477.6 Q -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuting.).15 E .521(If a)144 495.6 R F2(sigspec)3.361 E F0(is) -3.331 E F3(ERR)3.021 E F4(,)A F0 .522(the command)2.771 F F2(ar)3.352 E -(g)-.37 E F0 .522(is e)3.242 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .522(cuted whene).15 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.022(raap).15 G .522(ipeline \(which may consist of a) --3.022 F .185(single simple command\), a list, or a compound command re\ -turns a non\255zero e)144 507.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F -.451(the follo)144 519.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F3 -(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451 -(cuted if the f).15 F .452(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388 -(mand list immediately follo)144 531.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) -2.888 E F0(or)2.888 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 -(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.897 E F0 .387 -(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 543.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 -(list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 -(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 -3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 555.6 R -1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v) --3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F -F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 567.6 Q -(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0 2.5 -(\)o)C(ption.)-2.5 E 1.095 -(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -585.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 -(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 597.6 R .662 -(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is) --.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 609.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an) --.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 -626.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 638.4 S .173 -(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2(name) -3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 -(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F -F1<ad74>144 650.4 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0 -.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E -F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0 -(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2 -(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 662.4 Q F0 .086 -(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 -(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2 -(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 674.4 R .118 -(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F -F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 686.4 R .855 -(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 -.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if) -144 698.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 -G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E -F1<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 -E F0 .112(search for each)144 710.4 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15 -(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0 --.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I) -.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E -F0(and)144 722.4 Q F1<ad50>3.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F -.73(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in) --.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .73(If the)5.23 F +(prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 4.327 +(signal. The)144 728.4 R F1<ad6c>4.327 E F0 1.826(option causes the she\ +ll to print a list of signal names and their corresponding)4.327 F (GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 22 22 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>144 84 Q F0 1.748(option is used,)4.248 F F1(type) -4.248 E F0 1.748(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.748(cutable named).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)4.249 -E F0 6.749(.T).18 G(his)-6.749 E .744 -(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 96 R F1<ad70> -3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .743 +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 3.125(numbers. Each)144 84 R/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)3.465 E F0 .625 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)3.435 F F1(signal.h)A F0 .626 +(>, or a signal number)B 5.626(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-5.626 E +(names are case insensiti)144 96 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.649(If a) +144 114 R F1(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F2(EXIT)4.149 E F0 1.649 +(\(0\) the command)3.899 F F1(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)4.369 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.648(xit from the shell.)-.15 F +1.648(If a)6.648 F F1(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F2(DEB)144 126 Q(UG) +-.09 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F F1(ar) +3.997 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.167(is e)3.887 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 +(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F1 1.168(simple command) +3.667 F F0(,)A F1(for)3.668 E F0(command,)3.668 E F1(case)3.668 E F0 +(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 138 Q F1(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e)2.647 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G .147(ry arithmetic).15 F F1(for)2.647 E F0 .146 +(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146 +(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 150 R F2 .145 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 +F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(extdeb) +2.646 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 162 Q F4(shopt)3.201 +E F0 -.2(bu)3.201 G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the) +-.25 F F4(DEB)3.2 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F1(sigspec) +3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F2(RETURN)3.2 E F3(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand) +144 174 Q F1(ar)3.473 E(g)-.37 E F0 .643(is e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.643(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.644(cuted with the).15 F F4(.)3.144 E F0(or)3.144 E F4(sour)3.144 E(ce) +-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 186 Q -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cuting.).15 E .961(If a)144 204 R F1(sigspec)3.801 E F0(is)3.771 E F2 +(ERR)3.461 E F3(,)A F0 .961(the command)3.211 F F1(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E +F0 .961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.461(ra).15 G .96(pipeline \(which may consist of a)-.001 F .185(sin\ +gle simple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255ze\ +ro e)144 216 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .452(the follo)144 228 +R .452(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F2(ERR)2.952 E F0 .451 +(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .451 +(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .387 +(mand list immediately follo)144 240 R .387(wing a)-.25 F F4(while)2.887 +E F0(or)2.887 E F4(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 +(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F1(if)2.898 E F0 .388 +(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 252 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.778(cuted in a).15 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.278 E F0 .778 +(list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 +(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.277 E F0 +3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 264 R 1.28 +(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v)-3.78 +F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F4(!) +3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 276 Q(yed by the) +-.15 E F4(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F4<ad65>A F0 2.5(\)o)C +(ption.)-2.5 E 1.095 +(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 +294 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 +(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 306 R .662 +(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is) +-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 318 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 +E(y)-.15 E F1(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G +(lid; otherwise).25 E F4(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F4(type)108 +334.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F4(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 346.8 S .174 +(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F1(name) +3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 +(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F +F4<ad74>144 358.8 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F4(type)3.342 E F0 +.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F1(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E +F1 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F1(function)3.343 E F0 +(,).24 E F1 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F1 +(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F1(name)144.36 370.8 Q F0 .087 +(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 +(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F1 +(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 382.8 R .118 +(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F +F4<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F4(type)2.619 E F0 .855 +(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 394.8 R .855 +(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F1(name)3.715 E F0 +.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144 +406.8 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641 +(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F4 +<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F2 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH) +-.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 418.8 R F1(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e) +C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 +F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113 +(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112(command is hashed,)-.001 F F4<ad70> +2.612 E F0(and)144 430.8 Q F4<ad50>3.23 E F0 .73(print the hashed v)3.23 +F .731 +(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 +F F2 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E F3(.)A F0 .731(If the)5.231 F F4<ad61> +144 442.8 Q F0 1.749(option is used,)4.249 F F4(type)4.248 E F0 1.748 +(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.748 +(cutable named).15 F F1(name)4.248 E F0 6.748(.T).18 G(his)-6.748 E .744 +(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 454.8 R F4<ad70> +3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .744 (The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) -144 108 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0 -1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the) -144 120 R F1(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5.326 -E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325 -(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325 -(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 132 Q F1(ulimit)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2(limit)A F0(]])A -(Pro)144 160.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 -G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 +144 466.8 R F4<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F4<ad66>3.723 E F0 +1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .325(with the) +144 478.8 R F4(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E F4(type) +5.325 E F0 .325(returns true if all of the ar)2.825 F .326 +(guments are found, f)-.18 F .326(alse if an)-.1 F 2.826(ya)-.15 G .326 +(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 490.8 Q F4(ulimit)108 507.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F4 +(\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPT)A F0([)2.5 E F1(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 +519.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244 +(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.944(that allo)144 172.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F -(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943 +.943(that allo)144 531.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F +(The)5.943 E F4<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F4<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 184.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +144 543.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 196.8 R .426 -(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E -F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425 -(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -208.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 555.6 R .425 +(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F4<ad48>2.926 E +F0(nor)2.926 E F4<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426 +(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 +567.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.742(of the special v)144 220.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 -(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) +.741(of the special v)144 579.6 R(alues)-.25 E F4(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F4 +(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F4(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78 -(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E -5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 591.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F1(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 -F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 244.8 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0 -.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498 +F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 603.6 R F4<ad48>2.999 E F0 +.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F -(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 256.8 Q 2.5 -(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 -<ad61>144 268.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144 -280.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E -F1<ad63>144 292.8 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E -F1<ad64>144 304.8 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd) --.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 316.8 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 328.8 Q -F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children) -26.97 E F1<ad69>144 340.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals) -27.52 E F1<ad6c>144 352.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E -(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 364.8 Q F0 -(The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 376.8 Q F0 .791(Th\ -e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) -24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F -(be set\))180 388.8 Q F1<ad70>144 400.8 Q F0 -(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1 -<ad71>144 412.8 Q F0 -(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F1<ad72>144 -424.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 -436.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144 448.8 Q F0 -(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144 460.8 Q -F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 472.8 Q F0 .47 -(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 F -.25(va)-.2 G .47 -(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 -484.8 Q F1<ad78>144 496.8 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E -F1<ad54>144 508.8 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 -525.6 Q F2(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468 -(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2 -(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 -(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045 -(no option is gi)144 537.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1<ad66> -2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 -(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1 -<ad74>2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F .402(in seconds;)144 -549.6 R F1<ad70>2.902 E F0 2.902(,w)C .402 -(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks; and)-2.902 F F1<ad54>2.902 E F0(,) -A F1<ad62>2.902 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.902 E F0 2.902(,a)C(nd)-2.902 E F1 -<ad75>2.903 E F0 2.903(,w)C .403(hich are unscaled)-2.903 F -.25(va)144 -561.6 S 3.083(lues. The).25 F .583(return status is 0 unless an in)3.083 -F -.25(va)-.4 G .583(lid option or ar).25 F .583 -(gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144 -573.6 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 590.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2 -(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 602.4 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 +(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 615.6 Q 2.5 +(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F4 +<ad61>144 627.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 627.6 Q F4 +<ad62>144 639.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 639.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E +(fer size)-.25 E F4<ad63>144 651.6 Q F0 +(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 651.6 Q F4<ad64>144 663.6 +Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 663.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) +-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F4<ad65>144 675.6 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 675.6 Q F4<ad66>144 +687.6 Q F0 +(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 +687.6 Q F4<ad69>144 699.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 +699.6 Q F4<ad6b>144 711.6 Q F0 +(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 711.6 Q +(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(22)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 23 23 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>144 84 Q F0 +(The maximum size that may be lock)180 84 Q(ed into memory)-.1 E F1 +<ad6d>144 96 Q F0(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 96 Q 2.5(ys) +-.15 G(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 108 Q F0 .791 +(The maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not al\ +lo)180 108 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F +(be set\))180 120 Q F1<ad70>144 132 Q F0 +(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 132 Q F1 +<ad71>144 144 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) +180 144 Q F1<ad72>144 156 Q F0 +(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 156 Q F1<ad73>144 168 Q +F0(The maximum stack size)180 168 Q F1<ad74>144 180 Q F0 +(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 180 Q F1<ad75>144 192 Q +F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 192 Q -.25(va)-.2 G +(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 204 Q F0 .47 +(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 204 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 +(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 216 +Q F1<ad78>144 228 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 228 Q F1 +<ad50>144 240 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 240 Q F1 +<ad54>144 252 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)180 252 Q(If)144 268.8 +Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468 +(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F +2.968(wv)-.25 G .468(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 +E .044(no option is gi)144 280.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1 +<ad66>2.544 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 +(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1 +<ad74>2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F 1.589(in seconds;)144 +292.8 R F1<ad70>4.089 E F0 4.089(,w)C 1.589 +(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)-4.089 F F1<ad50>4.089 E F0(,)A F1 +<ad54>4.089 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>4.089 E F0(,)A F1<ad6b>4.089 E F0(,)A F1 +<ad6e>4.089 E F0 4.089(,a)C(nd)-4.089 E F1<ad75>4.089 E F0 4.088(,w)C +1.588(hich are)-4.088 F 1.438(unscaled v)144 304.8 R 1.438 +(alues; and, when in Posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.939 E F0(and)3.939 E +F1<ad66>3.939 E F0 3.939(,w)C 1.439(hich are in 512-byte increments.) +-3.939 F(The)6.439 E .404(return status is 0 unless an in)144 316.8 R +-.25(va)-.4 G .404(lid option or ar).25 F .404 +(gument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting)-.18 F 2.5(an)144 +328.8 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F1(umask)108 345.6 Q F0([)2.5 E +F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A +.2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 357.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 614.4 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -626.4 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 +pted by)144 369.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +381.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 638.4 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 393.6 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 650.4 Q F0 .551 +(mode)144.38 405.6 Q F0 .551 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231 -F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 662.4 Q +F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 417.6 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 -(unalias)108 679.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 691.2 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) +(unalias)108 434.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 446.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) 4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 -F(remo)144 703.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +F(remo)144 458.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) -148.735 E(22)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 23 23 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(unset)108 84 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad> --2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 96 S 3.827(re).15 G(ach)-3.827 E F2(name)3.827 E F0 +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 475.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 +(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) +2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 487.2 S 3.827(re).15 G(ach)-3.827 E F2(name)3.827 E F0 3.827(,r).18 G(emo)-3.827 E 1.627 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.327 (he corresponding v).15 F 1.327(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327 (If the)6.327 F F1<ad76>3.828 E F0 1.328(option is gi)3.828 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.328(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 108 Q F0 1.551 +-.25 G 1.328(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 499.2 Q F0 1.551 (refers to a shell v)4.231 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551 (ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.05(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) -4.05 G 1.55(riables may not be).25 F 4.641(unset. If)144 120 R F1<ad66> -4.641 E F0 2.141(is speci\214ed, each)4.641 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 2.141 -(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 F -(remo)144 132 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.538(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1<ad6e> +4.05 G 1.55(riables may not be).25 F 4.641(unset. If)144 511.2 R F1 +<ad66>4.641 E F0 2.141(is speci\214ed, each)4.641 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 +2.141(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 +F(remo)144 523.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.538(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1<ad6e> 2.537 E F0 .037(option is supplied, and)2.537 F F2(name)2.537 E F0 .037 (is a v)2.537 F .037(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.537 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.537 E .492 -(be unset rather than the v)144 144 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 F -F1<ad6e>5.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492(fect if the)-.25 F F1 +(be unset rather than the v)144 535.2 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 +F F1<ad6e>5.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492(fect if the)-.25 F F1 <ad66>2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .493(If no)5.493 F -.221(options are supplied, each)144 156 R F2(name)2.721 E F0 .221 +.221(options are supplied, each)144 547.2 R F2(name)2.721 E F0 .221 (refers to a v)2.721 F .22(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .22 (ariable by that name, an)-.25 F 2.72(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.72 E 1.188 -(tion with that name is unset.)144 168 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F +(tion with that name is unset.)144 559.2 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F 1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.689(df).15 G 1.189(rom the en)-3.689 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.206 -(passed to subsequent commands.)144 180 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F 5.706(yo) --.15 G(f)-5.706 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)5.706 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E -/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.455 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.455 E -F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 192 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.347 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) +(passed to subsequent commands.)144 571.2 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F 5.706 +(yo)-.15 G(f)-5.706 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)5.706 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 +E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.455 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.455 E +F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 583.2 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.347 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) 4.347 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.347 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.348 E F3(DIRST)4.598 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 2.098(are unset, the)4.348 -F 4.598(yl)-.15 G 2.098(ose their special)-4.598 F(properties, e)144 204 -Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -(re subsequently reset.)-2.5 E(The e)5 E(xit status is true unless a) --.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 220.8 Q +F 4.598(yl)-.15 G 2.098(ose their special)-4.598 F(properties, e)144 +595.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 +G(re subsequently reset.)-2.5 E(The e)5 E(xit status is true unless a) +-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 612 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F2 2.5(n.)-2.5 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8 -(Wa)144 232.8 S .027(it for each speci\214ed child process and return i\ -ts termination status.).8 F(Each)5.026 E F2(n)2.886 E F0 .026 +(Wa)144 624 S .027(it for each speci\214ed child process and return its\ + termination status.).8 F(Each)5.026 E F2(n)2.886 E F0 .026 (may be a process ID)2.766 F .256 -(or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 244.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 -G .256(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.756(sp)-.55 G .256 +(or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 636 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +.256(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.756(sp)-.55 G .256 (ipeline are w)-2.756 F .256(aited for)-.1 F 5.256(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.256 E -F2(n)3.116 E F0 .318(is not gi)144 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .318 +F2(n)3.116 E F0 .318(is not gi)144 648 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .318 (n, all currently acti).15 F .618 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .318 (hild processes are w).15 F .318(aited for)-.1 F 2.818(,a)-.4 G .318 (nd the return status is zero.)-2.818 F .317(If the)5.317 F F1<ad6e>144 -268.8 Q F0 .361(option is supplied,)2.861 F F1(wait)2.861 E F0 -.1(wa) +660 Q F0 .361(option is supplied,)2.861 F F1(wait)2.861 E F0 -.1(wa) 2.861 G .361(its for an).1 F 2.862(yj)-.15 G .362 (ob to terminate and returns its e)-2.862 F .362(xit status.)-.15 F(If) -5.362 E F2(n)3.222 E F0(speci\214es)3.102 E 2.596(an)144 280.8 S(on-e) +5.362 E F2(n)3.222 E F0(speci\214es)3.102 E 2.596(an)144 672 S(on-e) -2.596 E .096(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .095(Otherwise, the return status is the e)5.095 F .095(xit status)-.15 -F(of the last process or job w)144 292.8 Q(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E/F5 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 309.6 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108 -321.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(23)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +F(of the last process or job w)144 684 Q(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E/F5 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 700.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108 +712.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(23)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Trailer end %%EOF |