Use `include_gem` as the matcher name

50 files changed, 398 insertions, 397 deletions

diff --git a/spec/bundler/cli_spec.rb b/spec/bundler/cli_spec.rb
index 135d4a2137..ac704fb41d 100644
--- a/spec/bundler/cli_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/bundler/cli_spec.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ describe "bundle executable" do
 
       bundle :install, :env => { "BUNDLE_GEMFILE" => "" }
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/cache/gems_spec.rb b/spec/cache/gems_spec.rb
index ad175fe2e3..474233a83c 100644
--- a/spec/cache/gems_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/cache/gems_spec.rb
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ describe "bundle cache" do
         gem "omg"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "omg 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "omg 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "uses the cache as a source when installing gems with --local" do
       system_gems []
       bundle "install --local"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.0.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.0.0")
     end
 
     it "does not reinstall gems from the cache if they exist on the system" do
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ describe "bundle cache" do
         gem "rack"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.0.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.0.0")
     end
 
     it "does not reinstall gems from the cache if they exist in the bundle" do
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ describe "bundle cache" do
       end
 
       bundle "install --local"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.0.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.0.0")
     end
 
     it "creates a lockfile" do
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ describe "bundle cache" do
 
     it "uses builtin gems" do
       install_gemfile %(gem 'builtin_gem', '1.0.2')
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("builtin_gem 1.0.2")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("builtin_gem 1.0.2")
     end
 
     it "caches remote and builtin gems" do
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ describe "bundle cache" do
       G
 
       bundle "install --local"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("builtin_gem_2 1.0.2")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("builtin_gem_2 1.0.2")
     end
 
     it "errors if the builtin gem isn't available to cache" do
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ describe "bundle cache" do
       system_gems []
       bundle "install --local"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.0.0", "foo 1.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.0.0", "foo 1.0")
     end
 
     it "should not explode if the lockfile is not present" do
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ describe "bundle cache" do
         gem "foo-bundler"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo-bundler 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo-bundler 1.0"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/cache/git_spec.rb b/spec/cache/git_spec.rb
index 89d4b5c74d..847a39d0a7 100644
--- a/spec/cache/git_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/cache/git_spec.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ end
       expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/foo-1.0-#{ref}/.bundlecache")).to be_file
 
       FileUtils.rm_rf lib_path("foo-1.0")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
     end
 
     it "copies repository to vendor cache and uses it even when installed with bundle --path" do
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ end
       expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/foo-1.0-#{ref}/.git")).not_to exist
 
       FileUtils.rm_rf lib_path("foo-1.0")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
     end
 
     it "runs twice without exploding" do
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ end
 
       expect(err).to lack_errors
       FileUtils.rm_rf lib_path("foo-1.0")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
     end
 
     it "tracks updates" do
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ end
 
       expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/has_submodule-1.0-#{ref}")).to exist
       expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/has_submodule-1.0-#{ref}/submodule-1.0")).to exist
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "has_submodule 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "has_submodule 1.0"
     end
 
     it "displays warning message when detecting git repo in Gemfile" do
diff --git a/spec/cache/path_spec.rb b/spec/cache/path_spec.rb
index 72b12948f4..4233b3e88b 100644
--- a/spec/cache/path_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/cache/path_spec.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ require "spec_helper"
 
       bundle "#{cmd} --all"
       expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/foo-1.0")).not_to exist
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
     end
 
     it "copies when the path is outside the bundle " do
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ require "spec_helper"
       expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/foo-1.0/.bundlecache")).to be_file
 
       FileUtils.rm_rf lib_path("foo-1.0")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
     end
 
     it "copies when the path is outside the bundle and the paths intersect" do
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ require "spec_helper"
       expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/#{libname}/.bundlecache")).to be_file
 
       FileUtils.rm_rf libpath
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "#{libname} 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "#{libname} 1.0"
     end
 
     it "updates the path on each cache" do
diff --git a/spec/commands/binstubs_spec.rb b/spec/commands/binstubs_spec.rb
index 1f8a3bd508..35c9d187a0 100644
--- a/spec/commands/binstubs_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/commands/binstubs_spec.rb
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ describe "bundle binstubs <gem>" do
       bundle "config auto_install 1"
       bundle "binstubs rack"
       expect(out).to include("Installing rack 1.0.0")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "does nothing when already up to date" do
diff --git a/spec/commands/config_spec.rb b/spec/commands/config_spec.rb
index 375c5727b1..b7a1d55172 100644
--- a/spec/commands/config_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/commands/config_spec.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe ".bundle/config" do
 
       expect(bundled_app(".bundle")).not_to exist
       expect(tmp("foo/bar/config")).to exist
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "can provide a relative path with the environment variable" do
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ describe ".bundle/config" do
 
       expect(bundled_app(".bundle")).not_to exist
       expect(bundled_app("../foo/config")).to exist
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "removes environment.rb from BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG's path" do
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ describe ".bundle/config" do
       ENV["BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG"] = tmp("foo/bar").to_s
       bundle "install"
       FileUtils.touch tmp("foo/bar/environment.rb")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       expect(tmp("foo/bar/environment.rb")).not_to exist
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/commands/console_spec.rb b/spec/commands/console_spec.rb
index a727b43e73..131b47368b 100644
--- a/spec/commands/console_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/commands/console_spec.rb
@@ -102,6 +102,6 @@ describe "bundle console" do
     end
     expect(out).to include("Installing foo 1.0")
     expect(out).to include("hello")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/commands/exec_spec.rb b/spec/commands/exec_spec.rb
index df3e08fd36..c9ca712fa5 100644
--- a/spec/commands/exec_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/commands/exec_spec.rb
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ describe "bundle exec" do
     bundle "exec rackup"
 
     expect(out).to eq("0.9.1")
-    expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack_middleware 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack_middleware 1.0"
   end
 
   it "does not duplicate already exec'ed RUBYOPT" do
diff --git a/spec/commands/install_spec.rb b/spec/commands/install_spec.rb
index 8f09689785..14d47cbb88 100644
--- a/spec/commands/install_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/commands/install_spec.rb
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
       G
 
       expect(default_bundle_path("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to exist
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.0.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.0.0")
     end
 
     it "fetches gems when multiple versions are specified" do
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
       G
 
       expect(default_bundle_path("gems/rack-0.9.1")).to exist
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 0.9.1")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 0.9.1")
     end
 
     it "fetches gems when multiple versions are specified take 2" do
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
       G
 
       expect(default_bundle_path("gems/rack-0.9.1")).to exist
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 0.9.1")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 0.9.1")
     end
 
     it "raises an appropriate error when gems are specified using symbols" do
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
         gem "rails"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "actionpack 2.3.2", "rails 2.3.2"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "actionpack 2.3.2", "rails 2.3.2"
     end
 
     it "does the right version" do
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
         gem "rack", "0.9.1"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 0.9.1"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 0.9.1"
     end
 
     it "does not install the development dependency" do
@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
         gem "with_development_dependency"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("with_development_dependency 1.0.0").
-        and not_have_installed("activesupport 2.3.5")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("with_development_dependency 1.0.0").
+        and not_include_gems("activesupport 2.3.5")
     end
 
     it "resolves correctly" do
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
         gem "rails"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activemerchant 1.0", "activesupport 2.3.2", "actionpack 2.3.2"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activemerchant 1.0", "activesupport 2.3.2", "actionpack 2.3.2"
     end
 
     it "activates gem correctly according to the resolved gems" do
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
         gem "rails"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activemerchant 1.0", "activesupport 2.3.2", "actionpack 2.3.2"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activemerchant 1.0", "activesupport 2.3.2", "actionpack 2.3.2"
     end
 
     it "does not reinstall any gem that is already available locally" do
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
         gem "activerecord", "2.3.2"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.2"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.2"
     end
 
     it "works when the gemfile specifies gems that only exist in the system" do
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
         gem "foo"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "foo 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "foo 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "prioritizes local gems over remote gems" do
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
         gem "rack"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
     end
 
     describe "with a gem that installs multiple platforms" do
@@ -264,21 +264,21 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
 
       it "works" do
         bundle "install --path vendor"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
       end
 
       it "allows running bundle install --system without deleting foo" do
         bundle "install --path vendor"
         bundle "install --system"
         FileUtils.rm_rf(bundled_app("vendor"))
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
       end
 
       it "allows running bundle install --system after deleting foo" do
         bundle "install --path vendor"
         FileUtils.rm_rf(bundled_app("vendor"))
         bundle "install --system"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
       end
     end
 
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
         gem "rack", "1.2"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2", "activesupport 1.2.3"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2", "activesupport 1.2.3"
     end
 
     it "gives a useful error if no sources are set" do
diff --git a/spec/commands/package_spec.rb b/spec/commands/package_spec.rb
index 4dfe47ab1d..51ce433966 100644
--- a/spec/commands/package_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/commands/package_spec.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ describe "bundle package" do
       bundle "package --gemfile=NotGemfile"
 
       ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] = "NotGemfile"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ describe "bundle package" do
 
       bundle "package --path=#{bundled_app("test")}"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       expect(bundled_app("test/vendor/cache/")).to exist
     end
   end
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ describe "bundle package" do
 
       bundle "package --no-install"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", :expect_err => true
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", :expect_err => true
       expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/rack-1.0.0.gem")).to exist
     end
 
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ describe "bundle package" do
       bundle "package --no-install"
       bundle "install"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
       FileUtils.rm_rf gem_repo2
 
       bundle "install --local"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "does not hit the remote at all" do
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
       FileUtils.rm_rf gem_repo2
 
       bundle "install --deployment"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "does not reinstall already-installed gems" do
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gem sources" do
 
       bundle :install
       expect(err).to lack_errors
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
 
     it "ignores cached gems for the wrong platform" do
diff --git a/spec/commands/show_spec.rb b/spec/commands/show_spec.rb
index 163c64fb67..84352c5427 100644
--- a/spec/commands/show_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/commands/show_spec.rb
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ describe "bundle show" do
       install_gemfile <<-G
         gem "foo", :git => "#{lib_path("foo-1.0")}"
       G
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
 
       bundle :show
       expect(out).to include("foo (1.0 #{@git.ref_for("master", 6)}")
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ describe "bundle show" do
       install_gemfile <<-G
         gem "foo", :git => "#{lib_path("foo-1.0")}", :branch => "omg"
       G
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0.omg"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0.omg"
 
       bundle :show
       expect(out).to include("foo (1.0 #{@git.ref_for("omg", 6)}")
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ describe "bundle show" do
       install_gemfile <<-G
         gem "foo", "1.0.0-beta.1", :git => "#{lib_path("foo")}"
       G
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0.0.pre.beta.1"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0.0.pre.beta.1"
 
       bundle! :show
       expect(out).to include("foo (1.0.0.pre.beta.1")
diff --git a/spec/commands/update_spec.rb b/spec/commands/update_spec.rb
index 24a3148b70..3c1cb566af 100644
--- a/spec/commands/update_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/commands/update_spec.rb
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
 
       bundle "update"
       expect(out).to include("Bundle updated!")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0", "activesupport 3.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0", "activesupport 3.0"
     end
 
     it "doesn't delete the Gemfile.lock file if something goes wrong" do
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
       end
 
       bundle "update rack-obama"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
     end
   end
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
     it "should update the child dependency" do
       update_repo2
       bundle "update rack"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2"
     end
   end
 
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ describe "bundle update" do
         build_gem "activesupport", "3.0"
       end
       bundle "update --group development"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 3.0"
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack 1.2"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 3.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack 1.2"
     end
 
     context "when there is a source with the same name as a gem in a group" do
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ describe "bundle update" do
         update_git "foo", "2.0", :path => lib_path("activesupport")
 
         bundle "update --group development"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 3.0"
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "foo 2.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 3.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "foo 2.0"
       end
     end
   end
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
       update_repo2 { build_gem "activesupport", "3.0" }
 
       bundle "update --source activesupport"
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 3.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 3.0"
     end
 
     it "should update gems not included in the source that happen to have the same name" do
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
       update_repo2 { build_gem "activesupport", "3.0" }
 
       bundle "update --source activesupport"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 3.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 3.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ describe "bundle update" do
       end
 
       bundle "update --source harry"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "harry 2.0"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "fred 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "harry 2.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "fred 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -211,9 +211,9 @@ describe "bundle update" do
       end
 
       bundle "update --source harry"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "harry 2.0"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "fred 1.0"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "george 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "harry 2.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "fred 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "george 1.0"
     end
   end
 end
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ describe "bundle update in more complicated situations" do
     end
 
     bundle "update thin"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "thin 2.0", "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "thin 2.0", "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0"
   end
 
   it "will update only from pinned source" do
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ describe "bundle update in more complicated situations" do
     end
 
     bundle "update"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "thin 1.0"
   end
 end
 
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ describe "bundle update without a Gemfile.lock" do
 
     bundle "update"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 end
 
@@ -481,13 +481,13 @@ describe "bundle update conservative" do
     it "single gem updates dependent gem to minor" do
       bundle "update --patch foo"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.4.5", "bar 2.1.1", "qux 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.4.5", "bar 2.1.1", "qux 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "update all" do
       bundle "update --patch"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.4.5", "bar 2.1.1", "qux 1.0.1"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.4.5", "bar 2.1.1", "qux 1.0.1"
     end
 
     it "warns on minor or major increment elsewhere" ## include in prior test
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ describe "bundle update conservative" do
     it "single gem updates dependent gem to major" do
       bundle "update --minor foo"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.5.1", "bar 3.0.0", "qux 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.5.1", "bar 3.0.0", "qux 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "warns on major increment elsewhere" ## include in prior test
@@ -509,13 +509,13 @@ describe "bundle update conservative" do
     it "patch preferred" do
       bundle "update --patch foo bar --strict"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.4.4", "bar 2.0.5", "qux 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.4.4", "bar 2.0.5", "qux 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "minor preferred" do
       bundle "update --minor --strict"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.5.0", "bar 2.1.1", "qux 1.1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.5.0", "bar 2.1.1", "qux 1.1.0"
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/install/binstubs_spec.rb b/spec/install/binstubs_spec.rb
index 814732fd12..a7e0b847cc 100644
--- a/spec/install/binstubs_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/binstubs_spec.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
 
       config "BUNDLE_SYSTEM_BINDIR" => system_gem_path("altbin").to_s
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       expect(system_gem_path("altbin/rackup")).to exist
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/install/bundler_spec.rb b/spec/install/bundler_spec.rb
index 688f855d68..9f06a48086 100644
--- a/spec/install/bundler_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/bundler_spec.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         gem "rails", "3.0"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bundler #{Bundler::VERSION}"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bundler #{Bundler::VERSION}"
     end
 
     it "are not added if not already present" do
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         source "file://#{gem_repo1}"
         gem "rack"
       G
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "bundler #{Bundler::VERSION}"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "bundler #{Bundler::VERSION}"
     end
 
     it "causes a conflict if explicitly requesting a different version" do
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         gem "rack"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "multiple_versioned_deps 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "multiple_versioned_deps 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "includes bundler in the bundle when it's a child dependency" do
diff --git a/spec/install/deploy_spec.rb b/spec/install/deploy_spec.rb
index 8bcd65a4d8..c73cff5e80 100644
--- a/spec/install/deploy_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/deploy_spec.rb
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ describe "install with --deployment or --frozen" do
     bundle "install --deployment"
     bundle :install
     expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
   end
 
   it "still works if you are not in the app directory and specify --gemfile" do
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe "install with --deployment or --frozen" do
     simulate_new_machine
     bundle "install --gemfile #{tmp}/bundled_app/Gemfile --deployment"
     Dir.chdir bundled_app
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
   end
 
   it "works if you exclude a group with a git gem" do
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ describe "install with --deployment or --frozen" do
     bundle "install --deployment"
 
     expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
   end
 
   describe "with an existing lockfile" do
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ describe "install with --deployment or --frozen" do
         gem "rack-obama"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ describe "install with --deployment or --frozen" do
       G
 
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
       bundle "package --all"
       expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/foo")).to be_directory
 
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ describe "install with --deployment or --frozen" do
       expect(out).not_to include("You have deleted from the Gemfile")
       expect(out).to include("Using foo 1.0 from source at")
       expect(out).to include("vendor/cache/foo")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/install/force_spec.rb b/spec/install/force_spec.rb
index 3d38dbeeec..2027660cba 100644
--- a/spec/install/force_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/force_spec.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
       expect(out).to include "Using bundler"
       expect(out).to include "Installing rack 1.0.0"
       expect(rack_lib.open(&:read)).to eq("RACK = '1.0.0'\n")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "works on first bundle install" do
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
       expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
       expect(out).to include "Using bundler"
       expect(out).to include "Installing rack 1.0.0"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/install/gemfile/gemspec_spec.rb b/spec/install/gemfile/gemspec_spec.rb
index 216827753e..d54fae1f6a 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemfile/gemspec_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemfile/gemspec_spec.rb
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
       gemspec :path => '#{tmp.join("foo")}'
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar 1.0.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :development
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :development
   end
 
   it "that is hidden should install runtime and development dependencies" do
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
       gemspec :path => '#{tmp.join("foo")}'
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar 1.0.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :development
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :development
   end
 
   it "should handle a list of requirements" do
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
       gemspec :path => '#{tmp.join("foo")}'
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "baz 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "baz 1.0"
   end
 
   it "should raise if there are no gemspecs available" do
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
       gemspec :path => '#{tmp.join("foo")}', :name => 'foo'
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar 1.0.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :development
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :development
   end
 
   it "should use a specific group for development dependencies" do
@@ -105,9 +105,9 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
       gemspec :path => '#{tmp.join("foo")}', :name => 'foo', :development_group => :dev
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar 1.0.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :development
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :dev
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :development
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar-dev 1.0.0", :groups => :dev
   end
 
   it "should match a lockfile even if the gemspec defines development dependencies" do
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
       gemspec :path => '#{tmp.join("foo")}', :name => 'foo'
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0.0"
   end
 
   context "when child gemspecs conflict with a released gemspec" do
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
         gemspec
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
             simulate_platform "java" do
               results = bundle "install", :artifice => "endpoint"
               expect(results).to include("Installing rack 1.0.0")
-              expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+              expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
             end
           end
         end
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
             simulate_platform "java" do
               results = bundle "install", :artifice => "endpoint"
               expect(results).to include("Installing rack 1.0.0")
-              expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+              expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
             end
           end
         end
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
           simulate_windows do
             results = bundle "install", :artifice => "endpoint"
             expect(results).to include("Installing rack 1.0.0")
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
           end
         end
       end
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
 
         context "as a runtime dependency" do
           it "keeps java dependencies in the lockfile" do
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0", "platform_specific 1.0 RUBY"
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0", "platform_specific 1.0 RUBY"
             expect(lockfile).to eq strip_whitespace(<<-L)
               PATH
                 remote: .
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
           let(:platform_specific_type) { :development }
 
           it "keeps java dependencies in the lockfile" do
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0", "platform_specific 1.0 RUBY"
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0", "platform_specific 1.0 RUBY"
             expect(lockfile).to eq strip_whitespace(<<-L)
               PATH
                 remote: .
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ describe "bundle install from an existing gemspec" do
           let(:dependency) { "indirect_platform_specific" }
 
           it "keeps java dependencies in the lockfile" do
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0", "indirect_platform_specific 1.0", "platform_specific 1.0 RUBY"
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0", "indirect_platform_specific 1.0", "platform_specific 1.0 RUBY"
             expect(lockfile).to eq strip_whitespace(<<-L)
               PATH
                 remote: .
diff --git a/spec/install/gemfile/git_spec.rb b/spec/install/gemfile/git_spec.rb
index 176721c6e5..84db927403 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemfile/git_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemfile/git_spec.rb
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
     end
 
     it "fetches gems" do
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 1.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 1.0")
 
       run <<-RUBY
         require 'foo'
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
       FileUtils.mv bundled_app, tmp("bundled_app.bck")
 
       Dir.chdir tmp("bundled_app.bck")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
     end
 
     it "can still install after moving the application directory" do
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
 
       bundle "update foo"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.1", "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.1", "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
 
     it "does not explode" do
       bundle "install"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
         gem "rack", :git => "#{lib_path("rack-0.8")}"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 0.8"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 0.8"
     end
 
     it "installs dependencies from git even if a newer gem is available elsewhere" do
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
         gem "rack", "1.0.0", :git => "#{lib_path("rack")}"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "correctly unlocks when changing to a git source without versions" do
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
         gem "rack", :git => "#{lib_path("rack")}"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2"
     end
   end
 
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
         end
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "omg 1.0", "hi2u 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "omg 1.0", "hi2u 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -498,8 +498,8 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
       gem "rails", "2.3.2"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rails 2.3.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rails 2.3.2"
   end
 
   it "runs the gemspec in the context of its parent directory" do
@@ -528,8 +528,8 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
       gem "rails", "2.3.2"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar 1.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rails 2.3.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rails 2.3.2"
   end
 
   it "installs from git even if a rubygems gem is present" do
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
       gem "foo", "1.0", :git => "#{lib_path("foo-1.0")}"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
   end
 
   it "fakes the gem out if there is no gemspec" do
@@ -555,8 +555,8 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
       gem "rails", "2.3.2"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 1.0")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rails 2.3.2")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 1.0")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rails 2.3.2")
   end
 
   it "catches git errors and spits out useful output" do
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
       gem "foo", :git => "#{lib_path("foo space-1.0")}"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
   end
 
   it "handles repos that have been force-pushed" do
@@ -589,21 +589,21 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
         gem 'forced'
       end
     G
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "forced 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "forced 1.0"
 
     update_git "forced" do |s|
       s.write "lib/forced.rb", "FORCED = '1.1'"
     end
 
     bundle "update"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "forced 1.1"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "forced 1.1"
 
     Dir.chdir(lib_path("forced-1.0")) do
       `git reset --hard HEAD^`
     end
 
     bundle "update"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "forced 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "forced 1.0"
   end
 
   it "ignores submodules if :submodule is not passed" do
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
     G
     expect(out).to match(/could not find gem 'submodule/i)
 
-    expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "has_submodule 1.0", :expect_err => true
+    expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "has_submodule 1.0", :expect_err => true
   end
 
   it "handles repos with submodules" do
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
       end
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "has_submodule 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "has_submodule 1.0"
   end
 
   it "handles implicit updates when modifying the source info" do
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
         gem "bar", :git => "#{lib_path("bar")}"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0", "bar 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0", "bar 1.0"
     end
 
     it "doesn't explode when switching Gem to Git source" do
@@ -1097,7 +1097,7 @@ describe "bundle install with git sources" do
         G
 
         bundle :install
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/install/gemfile/groups_spec.rb b/spec/install/gemfile/groups_spec.rb
index c338cc5d62..cb052b6c7a 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemfile/groups_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemfile/groups_spec.rb
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
     end
 
     it "installs gems in the default group" do
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "installs gems in a group block into that group" do
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
 
       load_error_run <<-R, "activesupport", :default
         require 'activesupport'
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
     end
 
     it "installs gems with inline :groups into those groups" do
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "thin 1.0"
 
       load_error_run <<-R, "thin", :default
         require 'thin'
@@ -88,19 +88,19 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
 
       it "installs gems in the default group" do
         bundle :install, :without => "emo"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", :groups => [:default]
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", :groups => [:default]
       end
 
       it "does not install gems from the excluded group" do
         bundle :install, :without => "emo"
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5", :groups => [:default]
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5", :groups => [:default]
       end
 
       it "does not install gems from the previously excluded group" do
         bundle :install, :without => "emo"
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
         bundle :install
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
       end
 
       it "does not say it installed gems from the excluded group" do
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
         G
 
         bundle :install, :without => "emo"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.2", :groups => [:default]
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.2", :groups => [:default]
       end
 
       it "still works on a different machine and excludes gems" do
@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
         simulate_new_machine
         bundle :install, :without => "emo"
 
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", :groups => [:default]
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5", :groups => [:default]
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", :groups => [:default]
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5", :groups => [:default]
       end
 
       it "still works when BUNDLE_WITHOUT is set" do
@@ -143,8 +143,8 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
         bundle :install
         expect(out).not_to include("activesupport")
 
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", :groups => [:default]
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5", :groups => [:default]
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", :groups => [:default]
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5", :groups => [:default]
 
         ENV["BUNDLE_WITHOUT"] = nil
       end
@@ -153,56 +153,56 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
         bundle :install, :without => "emo"
 
         bundle 'install --without ""'
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
       end
 
       it "doesn't clear without when nothing is passed" do
         bundle :install, :without => "emo"
 
         bundle :install
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
       end
 
       it "does not install gems from the optional group" do
         bundle :install
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "thin 1.0"
       end
 
       it "does install gems from the optional group when requested" do
         bundle :install, :with => "debugging"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "thin 1.0"
       end
 
       it "does install gems from the previously requested group" do
         bundle :install, :with => "debugging"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "thin 1.0"
         bundle :install
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "thin 1.0"
       end
 
       it "does install gems from the optional groups requested with BUNDLE_WITH" do
         ENV["BUNDLE_WITH"] = "debugging"
         bundle :install
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "thin 1.0"
         ENV["BUNDLE_WITH"] = nil
       end
 
       it "clears with when passed an empty list" do
         bundle :install, :with => "debugging"
         bundle 'install --with ""'
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "thin 1.0"
       end
 
       it "does remove groups from without when passed at with" do
         bundle :install, :without => "emo"
         bundle :install, :with => "emo"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
       end
 
       it "does remove groups from with when passed at without" do
         bundle :install, :with => "debugging"
         bundle :install, :without => "debugging"
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "thin 1.0"
       end
 
       it "errors out when passing a group to with and without" do
@@ -212,18 +212,18 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
 
       it "can add and remove a group at the same time" do
         bundle :install, :with => "debugging", :without => "emo"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "thin 1.0"
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "thin 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
       end
 
       it "does have no effect when listing a not optional group in with" do
         bundle :install, :with => "emo"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
       end
 
       it "does have no effect when listing an optional group in without" do
         bundle :install, :without => "debugging"
-        expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "thin 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "thin 1.0"
       end
     end
 
@@ -240,12 +240,12 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
 
       it "installs gems in the default group" do
         bundle :install, :without => "emo lolercoaster"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "installs the gem if any of its groups are installed" do
         bundle "install --without emo"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
       end
 
       describe "with a gem defined multiple times in different groups" do
@@ -266,22 +266,22 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
 
         it "installs the gem w/ option --without emo" do
           bundle "install --without emo"
-          expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+          expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
         end
 
         it "installs the gem w/ option --without lolercoaster" do
           bundle "install --without lolercoaster"
-          expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+          expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
         end
 
         it "does not install the gem w/ option --without emo lolercoaster" do
           bundle "install --without emo lolercoaster"
-          expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+          expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
         end
 
         it "does not install the gem w/ option --without 'emo lolercoaster'" do
           bundle "install --without 'emo lolercoaster'"
-          expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+          expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
         end
       end
     end
@@ -301,12 +301,12 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
 
       it "installs gems in the default group" do
         bundle :install, :without => "emo lolercoaster"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "installs the gem if any of its groups are installed" do
         bundle "install --without emo"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
       end
     end
   end
@@ -352,14 +352,14 @@ describe "bundle install with groups" do
     end
 
     it "uses the correct versions even if --without was used on the original" do
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 0.9.1"
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack_middleware 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 0.9.1"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack_middleware 1.0"
       simulate_new_machine
 
       bundle :install
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 0.9.1"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack_middleware 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 0.9.1"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack_middleware 1.0"
     end
 
     it "does not hit the remote a second time" do
diff --git a/spec/install/gemfile/install_if.rb b/spec/install/gemfile/install_if.rb
index 4140ad6f37..b1717ad583 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemfile/install_if.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemfile/install_if.rb
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ describe "bundle install with install_if conditionals" do
       gem "rack"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.0", "activesupport 2.3.5")
-    expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed("thin")
-    expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed("foo")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.0", "activesupport 2.3.5")
+    expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems("thin")
+    expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems("foo")
 
     lockfile_should_be <<-L
       GEM
diff --git a/spec/install/gemfile/path_spec.rb b/spec/install/gemfile/path_spec.rb
index 60b024919d..cc09b6f680 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemfile/path_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemfile/path_spec.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       gem 'foo'
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 1.0")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 1.0")
   end
 
   it "supports pinned paths" do
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       gem 'foo', :path => "#{lib_path("foo-1.0")}"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 1.0")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 1.0")
   end
 
   it "supports relative paths" do
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       gem 'foo', :path => "#{relative_path}"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 1.0")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 1.0")
   end
 
   it "expands paths" do
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       gem 'foo', :path => "~/#{relative_path}"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 1.0")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 1.0")
   end
 
   it "expands paths raise error with not existing user's home dir" do
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
     bundled_app("subdir").mkpath
     Dir.chdir(bundled_app("subdir")) do
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 1.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 1.0")
     end
   end
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       gem "omg", :path => "#{lib_path("omg")}"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
   end
 
   it "prefers gemspecs closer to the path root" do
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
     # Installation of the 'gemfiles' gemspec would fail since it will be unable
     # to require 'premailer.rb'
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "premailer 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "premailer 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "warns on invalid specs", :rubygems => "1.7" do
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
     Dir.chdir(lib_path("foo")) do
       bundle "install"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       gemspec :path => "#{lib_path("foo")}"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
   end
 
   it "doesn't automatically unlock dependencies when using the gemspec syntax" do
@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
     bundle "install"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
   end
 
   it "doesn't automatically unlock dependencies when using the gemspec syntax and the gem has development dependencies" do
@@ -235,8 +235,8 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
     bundle "install"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
   end
 
   it "raises if there are multiple gemspecs" do
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       gemspec :path => "#{lib_path("foo")}", :name => "foo"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
   end
 
   it "sets up executables" do
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       path "#{lib_path("foo-1.0")}"
       gem 'foo'
     G
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
 
     bundle "exec foobar"
     expect(out).to eq("1.0")
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
         end
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "omg 1.0", "hi2u 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "omg 1.0", "hi2u 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       gem "omg", :path => "#{lib_path("omg")}"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
   end
 
   it "works when the path does not have a gemspec" do
@@ -338,9 +338,9 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
       gem "foo", "1.0", :path => "#{lib_path("foo-1.0")}"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
   end
 
   it "works when the path does not have a gemspec but there is a lockfile" do
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
       bundle :check, :env => { "DEBUG" => 1 }
       expect(out).to match(/using resolution from the lockfile/)
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack-obama 1.0", "net-ssh 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack-obama 1.0", "net-ssh 1.0"
     end
 
     it "source path gems w/deps don't re-resolve without changes" do
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
       bundle :check, :env => { "DEBUG" => 1 }
       expect(out).to match(/using resolution from the lockfile/)
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack-obama 1.0", "net-ssh 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack-obama 1.0", "net-ssh 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
       bundle "install"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 2.0", "bar 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 2.0", "bar 1.0"
     end
 
     it "unlocks all gems when a child dependency gem is updated" do
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
       bundle "install"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0", "bar 2.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0", "bar 2.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
 
       bundle "install"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
         gem "bar", :path => "#{lib_path("bar")}"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0", "bar 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0", "bar 1.0"
     end
 
     it "switches the source when the gem existed in rubygems and the path was already being used for another gem" do
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
         end
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "bar 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "bar 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -525,8 +525,8 @@ describe "bundle install with explicit source paths" do
         bundle :install, :env => { "DEBUG" => 1 }, :artifice => "endpoint"
         expect(out).to match(%r{^HTTP GET http://localgemserver\.test/api/v1/dependencies\?gems=rack$})
         expect(out).not_to match(/^HTTP GET.*private_lib/)
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "private_lib 2.2"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "private_lib 2.2"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/install/gemfile/platform_spec.rb b/spec/install/gemfile/platform_spec.rb
index bd8e7ac2da..58129bb313 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemfile/platform_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemfile/platform_spec.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe "bundle install across platforms" do
       gem "rack"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 0.9.1"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 0.9.1"
   end
 
   it "pulls in the correct platform specific gem" do
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ describe "bundle install across platforms" do
       gem "platform_specific"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "platform_specific 1.0 JAVA"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "platform_specific 1.0 JAVA"
   end
 
   it "works with gems that have different dependencies" do
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ describe "bundle install across platforms" do
       gem "nokogiri"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2 JAVA", "weakling 0.0.3"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2 JAVA", "weakling 0.0.3"
 
     simulate_new_machine
 
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ describe "bundle install across platforms" do
       gem "nokogiri"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2"
-    expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "weakling"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "weakling"
   end
 
   it "works the other way with gems that have different dependencies" do
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ describe "bundle install across platforms" do
     simulate_platform "java"
     bundle "install"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2 JAVA", "weakling 0.0.3"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2 JAVA", "weakling 0.0.3"
   end
 
   it "fetches gems again after changing the version of Ruby" do
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ describe "bundle install with platform conditionals" do
       end
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2"
   end
 
   it "does not install gems tagged w/ another platforms" do
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ describe "bundle install with platform conditionals" do
       end
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2"
   end
 
   it "installs gems tagged w/ the current platforms inline" do
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ describe "bundle install with platform conditionals" do
       source "file://#{gem_repo1}"
       gem "nokogiri", :platforms => :#{local_tag}
     G
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2"
   end
 
   it "does not install gems tagged w/ another platforms inline" do
@@ -145,8 +145,8 @@ describe "bundle install with platform conditionals" do
       gem "rack"
       gem "nokogiri", :platforms => :#{not_local_tag}
     G
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2"
   end
 
   it "installs gems tagged w/ the current platform inline" do
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ describe "bundle install with platform conditionals" do
       source "file://#{gem_repo1}"
       gem "nokogiri", :platform => :#{local_tag}
     G
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2"
   end
 
   it "doesn't install gems tagged w/ another platform inline" do
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ describe "bundle install with platform conditionals" do
       source "file://#{gem_repo1}"
       gem "nokogiri", :platform => :#{not_local_tag}
     G
-    expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2"
   end
 
   it "does not blow up on sources with all platform-excluded specs" do
@@ -217,6 +217,6 @@ describe "when a gem has no architecture" do
     G
 
     bundle :install, :fakeweb => "windows"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rcov 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rcov 1.0.0"
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/install/gemfile/ruby_spec.rb b/spec/install/gemfile/ruby_spec.rb
index d4dad64622..1adbf10833 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemfile/ruby_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemfile/ruby_spec.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe "ruby requirement" do
     G
 
     expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack-obama 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack-obama 1.0"
   end
 
   it "allows removing the ruby version requirement" do
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ describe "ruby requirement" do
       gem "rack"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     expect(lockfile).not_to include("RUBY VERSION")
   end
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ describe "ruby requirement" do
       gem "rack"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     expect(locked_ruby_version).to eq(Bundler::RubyVersion.system)
   end
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ describe "ruby requirement" do
       gem "rack"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     expect(locked_ruby_version.versions).to eq(["5100"])
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/install/gemfile/sources_spec.rb b/spec/install/gemfile/sources_spec.rb
index c6f389a70d..fd11c3feab 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemfile/sources_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemfile/sources_spec.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
         expect(out).to have_major_deprecation a_string_including("Your Gemfile contains multiple primary sources.")
         expect(out).to include("Warning: the gem 'rack' was found in multiple sources.")
         expect(out).to include("Installed from: file:#{gem_repo1}")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack-obama 1.0.0", "rack 1.0.0", :source => "remote1")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack-obama 1.0.0", "rack 1.0.0", :source => "remote1")
       end
 
       it "errors when disable_multisource is set" do
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
         expect(out).to have_major_deprecation a_string_including("Your Gemfile contains multiple primary sources.")
         expect(out).to include("Warning: the gem 'rack' was found in multiple sources.")
         expect(out).to include("Installed from: file:#{gem_repo1}")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack-obama 1.0.0", "rack 1.0.0", :source => "remote1")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack-obama 1.0.0", "rack 1.0.0", :source => "remote1")
       end
     end
   end
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
       it "installs the gems without any warning" do
         bundle :install
         expect(out).not_to include("Warning")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack-obama 1.0.0")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.0.0", :source => "remote1")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack-obama 1.0.0")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.0.0", :source => "remote1")
       end
 
       it "can cache and deploy" do
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
         bundle "install --deployment"
 
         expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack-obama 1.0.0", "rack 1.0.0")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack-obama 1.0.0", "rack 1.0.0")
       end
     end
 
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
       it "installs the gems without any warning" do
         bundle :install
         expect(out).not_to include("Warning")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack-obama 1.0.0", "rack 1.0.0")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack-obama 1.0.0", "rack 1.0.0")
       end
     end
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
           it "installs from the same source without any warning" do
             bundle :install
             expect(out).not_to include("Warning")
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
           end
         end
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
           it "installs from the same source without any warning" do
             bundle :install
             expect(out).not_to include("Warning")
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
           end
         end
       end
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
           it "installs from the other source without any warning" do
             bundle :install
             expect(out).not_to include("Warning")
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
           end
         end
 
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
             expect(out).to have_major_deprecation a_string_including("Your Gemfile contains multiple primary sources.")
             expect(out).to include("Warning: the gem 'rack' was found in multiple sources.")
             expect(out).to include("Installed from: file:#{gem_repo2}")
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
           end
         end
 
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
             bundle :install
 
             expect(out).not_to include("Warning: the gem 'rack' was found in multiple sources.")
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
 
             # In https://github.com/bundler/bundler/issues/3585 this failed
             # when there is already a lock file, and the gems are missing, so try again
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
             bundle :install
 
             expect(out).not_to include("Warning: the gem 'rack' was found in multiple sources.")
-            expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
+            expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("depends_on_rack 1.0.1", "rack 1.0.0")
           end
         end
       end
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
 
       # Reproduction of https://github.com/bundler/bundler/issues/3298
       it "does not unlock the installed gem on exec" do
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 0.9.1")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 0.9.1")
       end
     end
 
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
     it "installs the gems without any warning" do
       bundle :install
       expect(out).not_to include("Warning")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.0.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.0.0")
     end
   end
 
@@ -413,8 +413,8 @@ describe "bundle install with gems on multiple sources" do
       G
 
       # 6. Which should update foo to 0.2, but not the (locked) bar 0.1
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 0.2")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("bar 0.1")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 0.2")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("bar 0.1")
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/install/gemfile_spec.rb b/spec/install/gemfile_spec.rb
index 3bc1c50efc..98abc30c86 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemfile_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemfile_spec.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
       bundle :install, :gemfile => bundled_app("NotGemfile")
 
       ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] = "NotGemfile"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/install/gems/compact_index_spec.rb b/spec/install/gems/compact_index_spec.rb
index e78eda459e..05137c9ffe 100644
--- a/spec/install/gems/compact_index_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gems/compact_index_spec.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "should URI encode gem names" do
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed(
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems(
       "rails 2.3.2",
       "actionpack 2.3.2",
       "activerecord 2.3.2",
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
     G
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "net-sftp 1.1.1"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "net-sftp 1.1.1"
   end
 
   it "should use the endpoint when using --deployment" do
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
 
     bundle "install --deployment", :artifice => "compact_index"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "handles git dependencies that are in rubygems" do
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rails 2.3.2")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rails 2.3.2")
   end
 
   it "handles git dependencies that are in rubygems using --deployment" do
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
 
     bundle "install --deployment", :artifice => "compact_index"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rails 2.3.2")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rails 2.3.2")
   end
 
   it "doesn't fail if you only have a git gem with no deps when using --deployment" do
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
     bundle "install --deployment", :artifice => "compact_index"
 
     expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 1.0")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 1.0")
   end
 
   it "falls back when the API errors out" do
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
 
     bundle! :install, :fakeweb => "windows"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rcov 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rcov 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "falls back when the API URL returns 403 Forbidden" do
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
 
     bundle! :install, :verbose => true, :artifice => "compact_index_forbidden"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "falls back when the versions endpoint has a checksum mismatch" do
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ describe "compact index api" do
     expect(out).to include <<-'WARN'
 The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! Something is wrong (local checksum is "\"d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e\"", was expecting "\"123\"").
     WARN
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "falls back when the user's home directory does not exist or is not writable" do
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "handles host redirects" do
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
     G
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_host_redirect"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "handles host redirects without Net::HTTP::Persistent" do
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_host_redirect", :requires => [lib_path("disable_net_http_persistent.rb")]
     expect(out).to_not match(/Too many redirects/)
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "times out when Bundler::Fetcher redirects too much" do
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
 
       bundle "install --full-index", :artifice => "compact_index"
       expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from #{source_uri}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "should use the modern index for update" do
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
 
       bundle "update --full-index", :artifice => "compact_index"
       expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from #{source_uri}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
     G
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_extra"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "back_deps 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "back_deps 1.0"
   end
 
   it "fetches gem versions even when those gems are already installed" do
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
       gem "rack", "1.0.0"
     G
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_extra_api"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
 
     build_repo4 do
       build_gem "rack", "1.2" do |s|
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
       gem "rack", "1.2"
     G
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_extra_api"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2"
   end
 
   it "considers all possible versions of dependencies from all api gem sources" do
@@ -296,8 +296,8 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_extra_api"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "somegem 1.0.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 1.2.3"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "somegem 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 1.2.3"
   end
 
   it "prints API output properly with back deps" do
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
     G
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_extra_missing"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "back_deps 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "back_deps 1.0"
   end
 
   it "uses the endpoint if all sources support it" do
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
     G
 
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_api_missing"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
   end
 
   it "fetches again when more dependencies are found in subsequent sources using --deployment" do
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_extra"
 
     bundle "install --deployment", :artifice => "compact_index_extra"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "back_deps 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "back_deps 1.0"
   end
 
   it "does not refetch if the only unmet dependency is bundler" do
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
       gem "rails"
     G
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rails 2.3.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rails 2.3.2"
   end
 
   it "installs the binstubs" do
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
 
       bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_basic_authentication"
       expect(out).not_to include("#{user}:#{password}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "strips http basic authentication creds for modern index" do
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
 
       bundle! :install, :artifice => "endopint_marshal_fail_basic_authentication"
       expect(out).not_to include("#{user}:#{password}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "strips http basic auth creds when it can't reach the server" do
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
       bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_basic_authentication"
       expect(out).to include("Warning: the gem 'rack' was found in multiple sources.")
       expect(out).not_to include("#{user}:#{password}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "does not pass the user / password to different hosts on redirect" do
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
       G
 
       bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_creds_diff_host"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     describe "with authentication details in bundle config" do
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
         bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_strict_basic_authentication"
 
         expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "reads authentication details by full url from bundle config" do
@@ -543,14 +543,14 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
         bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_strict_basic_authentication"
 
         expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "should use the API" do
         bundle "config #{source_hostname} #{user}:#{password}"
         bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_strict_basic_authentication"
         expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "prefers auth supplied in the source uri" do
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
         bundle "config #{source_hostname} otheruser:wrong"
 
         bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_strict_basic_authentication"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "shows instructions if auth is not provided for the source" do
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
         G
 
         bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_basic_authentication"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
     end
   end
@@ -673,6 +673,6 @@ The checksum of /versions does not match the checksum provided by the server! So
     bundle! :install, :artifice => "compact_index_concurrent_download"
 
     expect(File.read(versions)).to start_with("created_at")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/install/gems/dependency_api_spec.rb b/spec/install/gems/dependency_api_spec.rb
index 72e7bffcbc..a7c1aedea3 100644
--- a/spec/install/gems/dependency_api_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gems/dependency_api_spec.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "should URI encode gem names" do
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}/...")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed(
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems(
       "rails 2.3.2",
       "actionpack 2.3.2",
       "activerecord 2.3.2",
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
     G
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "net-sftp 1.1.1"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "net-sftp 1.1.1"
   end
 
   it "should use the endpoint when using --deployment" do
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle "install --deployment", :artifice => "endpoint"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "handles git dependencies that are in rubygems" do
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rails 2.3.2")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rails 2.3.2")
   end
 
   it "handles git dependencies that are in rubygems using --deployment" do
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle "install --deployment", :artifice => "endpoint"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rails 2.3.2")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rails 2.3.2")
   end
 
   it "doesn't fail if you only have a git gem with no deps when using --deployment" do
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
     bundle "install --deployment", :artifice => "endpoint"
 
     expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("foo 1.0")
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("foo 1.0")
   end
 
   it "falls back when the API errors out" do
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle :install, :fakeweb => "windows"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rcov 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rcov 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "falls back when hitting the Gemcutter Dependency Limit" do
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_fallback"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from #{source_uri}")
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed(
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems(
       "activesupport 2.3.2",
       "actionpack 2.3.2",
       "actionmailer 2.3.2",
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle :install, :verbose => true, :artifice => "endpoint_marshal_fail"
     expect(out).to include("could not fetch from the dependency API, trying the full index")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "falls back when the API URL returns 403 Forbidden" do
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle :install, :verbose => true, :artifice => "endpoint_api_forbidden"
     expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from #{source_uri}")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "handles host redirects" do
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
     G
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_host_redirect"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "handles host redirects without Net::HTTP::Persistent" do
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_host_redirect", :requires => [lib_path("disable_net_http_persistent.rb")]
     expect(out).to_not match(/Too many redirects/)
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "timeouts when Bundler::Fetcher redirects too much" do
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
       bundle "install --full-index", :artifice => "endpoint"
       expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from #{source_uri}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "should use the modern index for update" do
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
       bundle "update --full-index", :artifice => "endpoint"
       expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from #{source_uri}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
     G
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_extra"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "back_deps 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "back_deps 1.0"
   end
 
   it "fetches gem versions even when those gems are already installed" do
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
       gem "rack", "1.2"
     G
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_extra_api"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2"
   end
 
   it "considers all possible versions of dependencies from all api gem sources" do
@@ -305,8 +305,8 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_extra_api"
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "somegem 1.0.0"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 1.2.3"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "somegem 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 1.2.3"
   end
 
   it "prints API output properly with back deps" do
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
     G
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_extra_missing"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "back_deps 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "back_deps 1.0"
   end
 
   it "uses the endpoint if all sources support it" do
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
     G
 
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_api_missing"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
   end
 
   it "fetches again when more dependencies are found in subsequent sources using --deployment" do
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_extra"
 
     bundle "install --deployment", :artifice => "endpoint_extra"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "back_deps 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "back_deps 1.0"
   end
 
   it "does not refetch if the only unmet dependency is bundler" do
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
       gem "rails"
     G
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rails 2.3.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rails 2.3.2"
   end
 
   it "installs the binstubs" do
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
       bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_basic_authentication"
       expect(out).not_to include("#{user}:#{password}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "strips http basic authentication creds for modern index" do
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
 
       bundle :install, :artifice => "endopint_marshal_fail_basic_authentication"
       expect(out).not_to include("#{user}:#{password}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "strips http basic auth creds when it can't reach the server" do
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
       bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_basic_authentication"
       expect(out).to include("Warning: the gem 'rack' was found in multiple sources.")
       expect(out).not_to include("#{user}:#{password}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "does not pass the user / password to different hosts on redirect" do
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
       G
 
       bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_creds_diff_host"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     describe "with authentication details in bundle config" do
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
         bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_strict_basic_authentication"
 
         expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "reads authentication details by full url from bundle config" do
@@ -552,14 +552,14 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
         bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_strict_basic_authentication"
 
         expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "should use the API" do
         bundle "config #{source_hostname} #{user}:#{password}"
         bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_strict_basic_authentication"
         expect(out).to include("Fetching gem metadata from #{source_uri}")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "prefers auth supplied in the source uri" do
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
         bundle "config #{source_hostname} otheruser:wrong"
 
         bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_strict_basic_authentication"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "shows instructions if auth is not provided for the source" do
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API" do
         G
 
         bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_basic_authentication"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/install/gems/env_spec.rb b/spec/install/gems/env_spec.rb
index 3168dc795b..d7d3a3230e 100644
--- a/spec/install/gems/env_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gems/env_spec.rb
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ describe "bundle install with ENV conditionals" do
 
     it "excludes the gems when the ENV variable is not set" do
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack"
     end
 
     it "includes the gems when the ENV variable is set" do
       ENV["BUNDLER_TEST"] = "1"
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ describe "bundle install with ENV conditionals" do
 
     it "excludes the gems when the ENV variable is not set" do
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack"
     end
 
     it "includes the gems when the ENV variable is set" do
       ENV["BUNDLER_TEST"] = "1"
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -61,19 +61,19 @@ describe "bundle install with ENV conditionals" do
 
     it "excludes the gems when the ENV variable is not set" do
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack"
     end
 
     it "excludes the gems when the ENV variable is set but does not match the condition" do
       ENV["BUNDLER_TEST"] = "1"
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack"
     end
 
     it "includes the gems when the ENV variable is set and matches the condition" do
       ENV["BUNDLER_TEST"] = "foo"
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -90,19 +90,19 @@ describe "bundle install with ENV conditionals" do
 
     it "excludes the gems when the ENV variable is not set" do
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack"
     end
 
     it "excludes the gems when the ENV variable is set but does not match the condition" do
       ENV["BUNDLER_TEST"] = "fo"
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack"
     end
 
     it "includes the gems when the ENV variable is set and matches the condition" do
       ENV["BUNDLER_TEST"] = "foobar"
       bundle :install
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/install/gems/flex_spec.rb b/spec/install/gems/flex_spec.rb
index 232b3ced5a..cb4ae9d54f 100644
--- a/spec/install/gems/flex_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gems/flex_spec.rb
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
       gem 'rack'
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     expect(the_bundle).to be_locked
   end
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
       gem 'rack'
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     expect(the_bundle).to be_locked
 
     gemfile <<-G
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
     G
 
     bundle :install
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     expect(the_bundle).to be_locked
   end
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
       gem "rack-obama"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "rack-obama 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "rack-obama 1.0.0"
 
     update_repo2
     install_gemfile <<-G
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
       gem "rack-obama", "1.0"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "rack-obama 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "rack-obama 1.0.0"
   end
 
   describe "adding new gems" do
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
         gem 'activesupport', '2.3.5'
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
     end
 
     it "keeps child dependencies pinned" do
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
         gem "thin"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "rack-obama 1.0", "thin 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "rack-obama 1.0", "thin 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
         gem 'rack'
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
 
       install_gemfile <<-G
         source "file://#{gem_repo2}"
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
         gem 'activesupport', '2.3.2'
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.2"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.2"
     end
 
     it "removes top level dependencies when removed from the Gemfile while leaving other dependencies intact" do
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
         gem 'rack'
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
     end
 
     it "removes child dependencies" do
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
         gem 'activesupport'
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", "rack-obama 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", "rack-obama 1.0.0", "activesupport 2.3.5"
 
       update_repo2
       install_gemfile <<-G
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
         gem 'activesupport'
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "rack-obama", "rack"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "rack-obama", "rack"
     end
   end
 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ describe "bundle flex_install" do
         gem "rack_middleware"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack_middleware 1.0", "rack 0.9.1"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack_middleware 1.0", "rack 0.9.1"
 
       build_repo2
       update_repo2 do
diff --git a/spec/install/gems/mirror_spec.rb b/spec/install/gems/mirror_spec.rb
index ba2e502099..e7b4317f05 100644
--- a/spec/install/gems/mirror_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gems/mirror_spec.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe "bundle install with a mirror configured" do
     it "installs from the normal location" do
       bundle :install
       expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from file:#{gem_repo1}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ describe "bundle install with a mirror configured" do
       bundle :install
       expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from file:#{gem_repo1}")
       expect(out).not_to include("Fetching source index from file:#{gem_repo2}")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/install/gems/resolving_spec.rb b/spec/install/gems/resolving_spec.rb
index f18f4dbb63..46c118b165 100644
--- a/spec/install/gems/resolving_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gems/resolving_spec.rb
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ describe "bundle install with install-time dependencies" do
       gem "actionpack", "2.3.2"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "actionpack 2.3.2", "activesupport 2.3.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "actionpack 2.3.2", "activesupport 2.3.2"
   end
 
   describe "with crazy rubygem plugin stuff" do
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ describe "bundle install with install-time dependencies" do
         gem "net_b"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "net_b 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "net_b 1.0"
     end
 
     it "installs plugins depended on by other plugins" do
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ describe "bundle install with install-time dependencies" do
         gem "net_a"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "net_a 1.0", "net_b 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "net_a 1.0", "net_b 1.0"
     end
 
     it "installs multiple levels of dependencies" do
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ describe "bundle install with install-time dependencies" do
         gem "net_e"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "net_a 1.0", "net_b 1.0", "net_c 1.0", "net_d 1.0", "net_e 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "net_a 1.0", "net_b 1.0", "net_c 1.0", "net_d 1.0", "net_e 1.0"
     end
 
     context "with ENV['DEBUG_RESOLVER'] set" do
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ describe "bundle install with install-time dependencies" do
         G
 
         expect(out).to_not include("rack-9001.0.0 requires ruby version > 9000")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.2")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.2")
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/install/gems/standalone_spec.rb b/spec/install/gems/standalone_spec.rb
index 71e58305aa..44de0d8126 100644
--- a/spec/install/gems/standalone_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gems/standalone_spec.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ shared_examples "bundle install --standalone" do
   shared_examples "common functionality" do
     it "still makes the gems available to normal bundler" do
       args = expected_gems.map {|k, v| "#{k} #{v}" }
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed(*args)
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems(*args)
     end
 
     it "generates a bundle/bundler/setup.rb" do
diff --git a/spec/install/gems/sudo_spec.rb b/spec/install/gems/sudo_spec.rb
index decac037d4..66b9901831 100644
--- a/spec/install/gems/sudo_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gems/sudo_spec.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ describe "when using sudo", :sudo => true do
 
         expect(out).to_not match(/an error occurred/i)
         expect(system_gem_path("cache/rack-1.0.0.gem")).to exist
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
       end
     end
   end
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ describe "when using sudo", :sudo => true do
 
       expect(system_gem_path("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to exist
       expect(system_gem_path("gems/rack-1.0.0").stat.uid).to eq(0)
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
 
     it "installs rake and a gem dependent on rake in the same session" do
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ describe "when using sudo", :sudo => true do
 
       expect(bundle_path.join("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to exist
       expect(bundle_path.join("gems/rack-1.0.0").stat.uid).to eq(0)
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
 
     it "installs when BUNDLE_PATH does not exist" do
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ describe "when using sudo", :sudo => true do
 
       expect(bundle_path.join("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to exist
       expect(bundle_path.join("gems/rack-1.0.0").stat.uid).to eq(0)
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
 
     it "installs extensions/ compiled by Rubygems 2.2", :rubygems => "2.2" do
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ describe "when using sudo", :sudo => true do
       G
 
       expect(default_bundle_path("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to exist
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
 
     it "cleans up the tmpdirs generated" do
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ describe "when using sudo", :sudo => true do
 
       bundle :install, :env => { "GEM_HOME" => gem_home.to_s, "GEM_PATH" => nil }
       expect(gem_home.join("bin/rackup")).to exist
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0", :env => { "GEM_HOME" => gem_home.to_s, "GEM_PATH" => nil }
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0", :env => { "GEM_HOME" => gem_home.to_s, "GEM_PATH" => nil }
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/install/gemspecs_spec.rb b/spec/install/gemspecs_spec.rb
index d9d95ce06b..3e6021b7e2 100644
--- a/spec/install/gemspecs_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/gemspecs_spec.rb
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
       f.write spec.to_ruby
     end
     bundle :install, :artifice => "endpoint_marshal_fail" # force gemspec load
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.2"
   end
 
   context "when ruby version is specified in gemspec and gemfile" do
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         ruby '#{RUBY_VERSION}', :engine_version => '#{RUBY_VERSION}', :engine => 'ruby'
         gemspec
       G
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
     end
 
     it "installs when patch level is specified and the version still matches the current version",
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         ruby '#{RUBY_VERSION}', :engine_version => '#{RUBY_VERSION}', :engine => 'ruby', :patchlevel => '#{RUBY_PATCHLEVEL}'
         gemspec
       G
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
     end
 
     it "fails and complains about patchlevel on patchlevel mismatch",
diff --git a/spec/install/git_spec.rb b/spec/install/git_spec.rb
index 1cfab66961..f35a543509 100644
--- a/spec/install/git_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/git_spec.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
 
       bundle :install
       expect(out).to include("Using foo 1.0 from #{lib_path("foo")} (at master@#{revision_for(lib_path("foo"))[0..6]})")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0", :source => "git@#{lib_path("foo")}"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0", :source => "git@#{lib_path("foo")}"
     end
 
     it "should check out git repos that are missing but not being installed" do
diff --git a/spec/install/path_spec.rb b/spec/install/path_spec.rb
index 986bda81b1..3d84fffd58 100644
--- a/spec/install/path_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/path_spec.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
 
     it "does not use available system gems with bundle --path vendor/bundle" do
       bundle "install --path vendor/bundle"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "handles paths with regex characters in them" do
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
       bundle "install"
 
       expect(vendored_gems("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to be_directory
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
 
         expect(vendored_gems("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to be_directory
         expect(bundled_app("vendor2")).not_to be_directory
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "installs gems to BUNDLE_PATH with #{type}" do
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         bundle :install
 
         expect(bundled_app("vendor/gems/rack-1.0.0")).to be_directory
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
 
       it "installs gems to BUNDLE_PATH relative to root when relative" do
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         end
 
         expect(bundled_app("vendor/gems/rack-1.0.0")).to be_directory
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
     end
 
@@ -110,14 +110,14 @@ describe "bundle install" do
       bundle :install
 
       expect(vendored_gems("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to be_directory
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "sets BUNDLE_PATH as the first argument to bundle install" do
       bundle "install --path ./vendor/bundle"
 
       expect(vendored_gems("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to be_directory
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "disables system gems when passing a path to install" do
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
       bundle "install --path ./vendor/bundle"
 
       expect(vendored_gems("gems/rack-1.0.0")).to be_directory
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/install/prereleases_spec.rb b/spec/install/prereleases_spec.rb
index 05756ff395..cbf99ca96f 100644
--- a/spec/install/prereleases_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/prereleases_spec.rb
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         source "file://#{gem_repo1}"
         gem "not_released"
       G
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "not_released 1.0.pre"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "not_released 1.0.pre"
     end
 
     it "uses regular releases if available" do
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         source "file://#{gem_repo1}"
         gem "has_prerelease"
       G
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "has_prerelease 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "has_prerelease 1.0"
     end
 
     it "uses prereleases if requested" do
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         source "file://#{gem_repo1}"
         gem "has_prerelease", "1.1.pre"
       G
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "has_prerelease 1.1.pre"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "has_prerelease 1.1.pre"
     end
   end
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ describe "bundle install" do
         gem "rack"
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/install/security_policy_spec.rb b/spec/install/security_policy_spec.rb
index b886362c40..7e2c320b80 100644
--- a/spec/install/security_policy_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/install/security_policy_spec.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe "policies with unsigned gems" do
     bundle "install --deployment"
     bundle :install
     expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0", "signed_gem 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0", "signed_gem 1.0"
   end
 
   it "will fail when given invalid security policy" do
@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ describe "policies with signed gems and no CA" do
   it "will succeed with Low Security setting, low security accepts self signed gem" do
     bundle "install --trust-policy=LowSecurity"
     expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "signed_gem 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "signed_gem 1.0"
   end
 
   it "will succeed with no policy" do
     bundle "install"
     expect(exitstatus).to eq(0) if exitstatus
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "signed_gem 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "signed_gem 1.0"
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/lock/git_spec.rb b/spec/lock/git_spec.rb
index db88aed750..93473db052 100644
--- a/spec/lock/git_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/lock/git_spec.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe "bundle lock with git gems" do
   end
 
   it "doesn't break right after running lock" do
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "locks a git source to the current ref" do
diff --git a/spec/lock/lockfile_spec.rb b/spec/lock/lockfile_spec.rb
index 964fd5261d..37035eaaf9 100644
--- a/spec/lock/lockfile_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/lock/lockfile_spec.rb
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ describe "the lockfile format" do
          #{Bundler::VERSION}
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "net-sftp 1.1.1", "net-ssh 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "net-sftp 1.1.1", "net-ssh 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "generates a simple lockfile for a single pinned source, gem with a version requirement" do
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ describe "the lockfile format" do
     L
 
     bundle "install"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   it "serializes global git sources" do
@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@ describe "the lockfile format" do
     G
 
     bundle "install --path vendor"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "omg 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "omg 1.0"
 
     # Create a Gemfile.lock that has duplicate GIT sections
     lockfile <<-L
@@ -1202,7 +1202,7 @@ describe "the lockfile format" do
 
     FileUtils.rm_rf(bundled_app("vendor"))
     bundle "install"
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "omg 1.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "omg 1.0"
 
     # Confirm that duplicate specs do not appear
     expect(File.read(bundled_app("Gemfile.lock"))).to eq(strip_whitespace(<<-L))
@@ -1245,7 +1245,7 @@ describe "the lockfile format" do
 
     it "generates Gemfile.lock with \\n line endings" do
       expect(File.read(bundled_app("Gemfile.lock"))).not_to match("\r\n")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
 
     context "during updates" do
@@ -1254,7 +1254,7 @@ describe "the lockfile format" do
 
         expect { bundle "update" }.to change { File.mtime(bundled_app("Gemfile.lock")) }
         expect(File.read(bundled_app("Gemfile.lock"))).not_to match("\r\n")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2"
       end
 
       it "preserves Gemfile.lock \\n\\r line endings" do
@@ -1265,7 +1265,7 @@ describe "the lockfile format" do
 
         expect { bundle "update" }.to change { File.mtime(bundled_app("Gemfile.lock")) }
         expect(File.read(bundled_app("Gemfile.lock"))).to match("\r\n")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2"
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/other/platform_spec.rb b/spec/other/platform_spec.rb
index 97ed8d4f1c..7aa0d0f8ea 100644
--- a/spec/other/platform_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/other/platform_spec.rb
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ G
       end
 
       bundle "update"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0", "activesupport 3.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0", "activesupport 3.0"
     end
 
     it "updates fine with any engine" do
@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ G
         end
 
         bundle "update"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0", "activesupport 3.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.2", "rack-obama 1.0", "activesupport 3.0"
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/plugins/install_spec.rb b/spec/plugins/install_spec.rb
index 880984b0e4..c667ed0a68 100644
--- a/spec/plugins/install_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/plugins/install_spec.rb
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ describe "bundler plugin install" do
 
       expect(out).to include("Bundle complete!")
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("rack 1.0.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("rack 1.0.0")
       plugin_should_be_installed("foo")
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/plugins/source/example_spec.rb b/spec/plugins/source/example_spec.rb
index 2cb6c12323..520e1b9db4 100644
--- a/spec/plugins/source/example_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/plugins/source/example_spec.rb
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ describe "real source plugins" do
 
       expect(out).to include("Bundle complete!")
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("a-path-gem 1.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("a-path-gem 1.0")
     end
 
     it "writes to lock file" do
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ describe "real source plugins" do
         expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/a-path-gem-1.0-#{uri_hash}/.bundlecache")).to be_file
 
         FileUtils.rm_rf lib_path("a-path-gem-1.0")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("a-path-gem 1.0")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("a-path-gem 1.0")
       end
 
       it "copies repository to vendor cache and uses it even when installed with bundle --path" do
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ describe "real source plugins" do
         expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/a-path-gem-1.0-#{uri_hash}")).to exist
 
         FileUtils.rm_rf lib_path("a-path-gem-1.0")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("a-path-gem 1.0")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("a-path-gem 1.0")
       end
 
       it "bundler package copies repository to vendor cache" do
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ describe "real source plugins" do
         expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/a-path-gem-1.0-#{uri_hash}")).to exist
 
         FileUtils.rm_rf lib_path("a-path-gem-1.0")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("a-path-gem 1.0")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("a-path-gem 1.0")
       end
     end
 
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ describe "real source plugins" do
       it "installs" do
         bundle "install"
 
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("a-path-gem 1.0")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("a-path-gem 1.0")
       end
     end
   end
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ describe "real source plugins" do
     it "handles the source option" do
       bundle "install"
       expect(out).to include("Bundle complete!")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("ma-gitp-gem 1.0")
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("ma-gitp-gem 1.0")
     end
 
     it "writes to lock file" do
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ describe "real source plugins" do
 
       it "installs" do
         bundle "install"
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("ma-gitp-gem 1.0")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("ma-gitp-gem 1.0")
       end
 
       it "uses the locked ref" do
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ describe "real source plugins" do
         G
         bundle "install"
 
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed("ma-gitp-gem 1.1")
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems("ma-gitp-gem 1.1")
       end
     end
 
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ describe "real source plugins" do
         expect(bundled_app("vendor/cache/foo-1.0-#{ref}/.bundlecache")).to be_file
 
         FileUtils.rm_rf lib_path("foo-1.0")
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.0"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/realworld/dependency_api_spec.rb b/spec/realworld/dependency_api_spec.rb
index f59fae43b7..bbb6f4a150 100644
--- a/spec/realworld/dependency_api_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/realworld/dependency_api_spec.rb
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ describe "gemcutter's dependency API", :realworld => true do
 
       bundle :install
       expect(out).to include("Fetching source index from #{@server_uri}/")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/realworld/gemfile_source_header_spec.rb b/spec/realworld/gemfile_source_header_spec.rb
index e202186172..38d419a246 100644
--- a/spec/realworld/gemfile_source_header_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/realworld/gemfile_source_header_spec.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ describe "fetching dependencies with a mirrored source", :realworld => true, :ru
 
     expect(out).to include("Installing weakling")
     expect(out).to include("Bundle complete")
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "weakling 0.0.3"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "weakling 0.0.3"
   end
 
   private
diff --git a/spec/realworld/mirror_probe_spec.rb b/spec/realworld/mirror_probe_spec.rb
index aa2d02febd..c46e4e7f20 100644
--- a/spec/realworld/mirror_probe_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/realworld/mirror_probe_spec.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ describe "fetching dependencies with a not available mirror", :realworld => true
 
       expect(out).to include("Installing weakling")
       expect(out).to include("Bundle complete")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "weakling 0.0.3"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "weakling 0.0.3"
     end
   end
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ describe "fetching dependencies with a not available mirror", :realworld => true
 
       expect(out).to include("Installing weakling")
       expect(out).to include("Bundle complete")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "weakling 0.0.3"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "weakling 0.0.3"
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/runtime/platform_spec.rb b/spec/runtime/platform_spec.rb
index 02cb1b036a..666864a88c 100644
--- a/spec/runtime/platform_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/runtime/platform_spec.rb
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ describe "Bundler.setup with multi platform stuff" do
       gem "nokogiri"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2"
   end
 
   it "will add the resolve for the current platform" do
@@ -86,6 +86,6 @@ describe "Bundler.setup with multi platform stuff" do
       gem "platform_specific"
     G
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "nokogiri 1.4.2", "platform_specific 1.0 x86-darwin-100"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "nokogiri 1.4.2", "platform_specific 1.0 x86-darwin-100"
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/runtime/setup_spec.rb b/spec/runtime/setup_spec.rb
index b943cf926e..1e012119a0 100644
--- a/spec/runtime/setup_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/runtime/setup_spec.rb
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ describe "Bundler.setup" do
     ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] = bundled_app("4realz").to_s
     bundle :install
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.5"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.5"
   end
 
   it "prioritizes gems in BUNDLE_PATH over gems in GEM_HOME" do
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ describe "Bundler.setup" do
       s.write "lib/rack.rb", "RACK = 'FAIL'"
     end
 
-    expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+    expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
   end
 
   describe "integrate with rubygems" do
@@ -439,14 +439,14 @@ describe "Bundler.setup" do
     it "works even when the cache directory has been deleted" do
       bundle "install --path vendor/bundle"
       FileUtils.rm_rf vendored_gems("cache")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
     end
 
     it "does not randomly change the path when specifying --path and the bundle directory becomes read only" do
       bundle "install --path vendor/bundle"
 
       with_read_only("**/*") do
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
     end
 
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ describe "Bundler.setup" do
       bundle "install"
 
       with_read_only("#{Bundler.bundle_path}/**/*") do
-        expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0"
+        expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0"
       end
     end
   end
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ describe "Bundler.setup" do
 
       install_gems "activesupport-2.3.5"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.2", :groups => :default
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.2", :groups => :default
     end
 
     it "remembers --without and does not bail on bare Bundler.setup" do
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ describe "Bundler.setup" do
 
       install_gems "activesupport-2.3.5"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.2"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.2"
     end
 
     it "remembers --without and does not include groups passed to Bundler.setup" do
@@ -591,8 +591,8 @@ describe "Bundler.setup" do
         end
       G
 
-      expect(the_bundle).not_to have_installed "activesupport 2.3.2", :groups => :rack
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0.0", :groups => :rack
+      expect(the_bundle).not_to include_gems "activesupport 2.3.2", :groups => :rack
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0.0", :groups => :rack
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/matchers.rb b/spec/support/matchers.rb
index 4545feabfa..1e418e1fc2 100644
--- a/spec/support/matchers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/matchers.rb
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ module Spec
       string.to_s.gsub(/^/, indent_character * padding).gsub("\t", "    ")
     end
 
-    define_compound_matcher :have_installed, [be_an_instance_of(Spec::TheBundle)] do |*names|
+    define_compound_matcher :include_gems, [be_an_instance_of(Spec::TheBundle)] do |*names|
       match do
         opts = names.last.is_a?(Hash) ? names.pop : {}
         source = opts.delete(:source)
@@ -192,7 +192,8 @@ module Spec
         super() + " but:\n" + @errors.map {|e| indent(e) }.join("\n")
       end
     end
-    RSpec::Matchers.define_negated_matcher :not_have_installed, :have_installed
+    RSpec::Matchers.define_negated_matcher :not_include_gems, :include_gems
+    RSpec::Matchers.alias_matcher :include_gem, :include_gems
 
     def have_lockfile(expected)
       read_as(strip_whitespace(expected))
diff --git a/spec/update/git_spec.rb b/spec/update/git_spec.rb
index 6228e25ea4..882af27fc3 100644
--- a/spec/update/git_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/update/git_spec.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
 
       bundle "update"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.1"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.1"
     end
 
     it "updates correctly when you have like craziness" do
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
 
       bundle "update rails"
       expect(out).to include("Using activesupport 3.0 from #{lib_path("rails")} (at master@#{revision_for(lib_path("rails"))[0..6]})")
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rails 3.0", "activesupport 3.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rails 3.0", "activesupport 3.0"
     end
 
     it "floats on a branch when :branch is used and the source is specified in the update" do
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
 
       bundle "update --source foo"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.1"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.1"
     end
 
     it "floats on master when updating all gems that are pinned to the source even if you have child dependencies" do
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
 
       bundle "update foo"
 
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 1.1"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 1.1"
     end
 
     it "notices when you change the repo url in the Gemfile" do
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
       update_git "foo", "2.0", :path => @git.path
 
       bundle "update --source foo"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "foo 2.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "foo 2.0"
     end
 
     it "leaves all other gems frozen" do
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ describe "bundle update" do
       update_git "foo", :path => @git.path
 
       bundle "update --source foo"
-      expect(the_bundle).to have_installed "rack 1.0"
+      expect(the_bundle).to include_gems "rack 1.0"
     end
   end