Merge pull request #2786 from jdufresne/https

Update URLs to https:// in docs and comments

60 files changed, 86 insertions, 88 deletions

diff --git a/CHANGES.rst b/CHANGES.rst
index 66d8cbded..4fdae3ea6 100644
--- a/CHANGES.rst
+++ b/CHANGES.rst
@@ -1634,7 +1634,7 @@ Features added
 
 * Generators have new properties ``__name__`` and ``__qualname__``
   that provide the plain/qualified name of the generator function
-  (following CPython 3.5).  See http://bugs.python.org/issue21205
+  (following CPython 3.5).  See https://bugs.python.org/issue21205
 
 * The ``inline`` function modifier is available as a decorator
   ``@cython.inline`` in pure mode.
@@ -1680,7 +1680,7 @@ Optimizations
   evaluation and generally improves the code flow in the generated C code.
 
 * The Python expression "2 ** N" is optimised into bit shifting.
-  See http://bugs.python.org/issue21420
+  See https://bugs.python.org/issue21420
 
 * Cascaded assignments (a = b = ...) try to minimise the number of
   type coercions.
diff --git a/Cython/Build/Dependencies.py b/Cython/Build/Dependencies.py
index d2fc1fd9d..71689d62b 100644
--- a/Cython/Build/Dependencies.py
+++ b/Cython/Build/Dependencies.py
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ def create_extension_list(patterns, exclude=None, ctx=None, aliases=None, quiet=
                 filepattern = cython_sources[0]
                 if len(cython_sources) > 1:
                     print("Warning: Multiple cython sources found for extension '%s': %s\n"
-                          "See http://cython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/src/userguide/sharing_declarations.html "
+                          "See https://cython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/src/userguide/sharing_declarations.html "
                           "for sharing declarations among Cython files." % (pattern.name, cython_sources))
             else:
                 # ignore non-cython modules
@@ -1073,7 +1073,7 @@ def cythonize(module_list, exclude=None, nthreads=0, aliases=None, quiet=False,
         # This is a bit more involved than it should be, because KeyboardInterrupts
         # break the multiprocessing workers when using a normal pool.map().
         # See, for example:
-        # http://noswap.com/blog/python-multiprocessing-keyboardinterrupt
+        # https://noswap.com/blog/python-multiprocessing-keyboardinterrupt
         try:
             result = pool.map_async(cythonize_one_helper, to_compile, chunksize=1)
             pool.close()
diff --git a/Cython/Compiler/CmdLine.py b/Cython/Compiler/CmdLine.py
index e89e45ab4..18f15a228 100644
--- a/Cython/Compiler/CmdLine.py
+++ b/Cython/Compiler/CmdLine.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import sys
 from . import Options
 
 usage = """\
-Cython (http://cython.org) is a compiler for code written in the
+Cython (https://cython.org/) is a compiler for code written in the
 Cython language.  Cython is based on Pyrex by Greg Ewing.
 
 Usage: cython [options] sourcefile.{pyx,py} ...
diff --git a/Cython/Compiler/Errors.py b/Cython/Compiler/Errors.py
index 4aa0e903c..54b7f4676 100644
--- a/Cython/Compiler/Errors.py
+++ b/Cython/Compiler/Errors.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class CompileError(PyrexError):
         self.reported = False
         Exception.__init__(self, self.formatted_message)
         # Python Exception subclass pickling is broken,
-        # see http://bugs.python.org/issue1692335
+        # see https://bugs.python.org/issue1692335
         self.args = (position, message)
 
     def __str__(self):
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ class CompilerCrash(CompileError):
             message += u'%s: %s' % (cause.__class__.__name__, cause)
         CompileError.__init__(self, pos, message)
         # Python Exception subclass pickling is broken,
-        # see http://bugs.python.org/issue1692335
+        # see https://bugs.python.org/issue1692335
         self.args = (pos, context, message, cause, stacktrace)
 
 class NoElementTreeInstalledException(PyrexError):
diff --git a/Cython/Compiler/Options.py b/Cython/Compiler/Options.py
index 78e144fc6..d859c19cf 100644
--- a/Cython/Compiler/Options.py
+++ b/Cython/Compiler/Options.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class ShouldBeFromDirective(object):
 """
 The members of this module are documented using autodata in
 Cython/docs/src/reference/compilation.rst.
-See http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/ext/autodoc.html#directive-autoattribute
+See https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/extensions/autodoc.html#directive-autoattribute
 for how autodata works.
 Descriptions of those members should start with a #:
 Donc forget to keep the docs in sync by removing and adding
diff --git a/Cython/Compiler/PyrexTypes.py b/Cython/Compiler/PyrexTypes.py
index b2e376f43..3b572d6ad 100644
--- a/Cython/Compiler/PyrexTypes.py
+++ b/Cython/Compiler/PyrexTypes.py
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class BaseType(object):
         Deduce any template params in this (argument) type given the actual
         argument type.
 
-        http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/function_template#Template_argument_deduction
+        https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/function_template#Template_argument_deduction
         """
         return {}
 
diff --git a/Cython/Compiler/Symtab.py b/Cython/Compiler/Symtab.py
index 5dbb205fa..1aa787ec9 100644
--- a/Cython/Compiler/Symtab.py
+++ b/Cython/Compiler/Symtab.py
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ class Scope(object):
         if type.is_buffer and not isinstance(self, LocalScope): # and not is_type:
             error(pos, 'Buffer types only allowed as function local variables')
         if not self.in_cinclude and cname and re.match("^_[_A-Z]+$", cname):
-            # See http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Reserved-Names.html#Reserved-Names
+            # See https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Reserved-Names.html#Reserved-Names
             warning(pos, "'%s' is a reserved name in C." % cname, -1)
         entries = self.entries
         if name and name in entries and not shadow:
diff --git a/Cython/Debugger/libpython.py b/Cython/Debugger/libpython.py
index 66d121040..54ca1a02f 100644
--- a/Cython/Debugger/libpython.py
+++ b/Cython/Debugger/libpython.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 From gdb 7 onwards, gdb's build can be configured --with-python, allowing gdb
 to be extended with Python code e.g. for library-specific data visualizations,
 such as for the C++ STL types.  Documentation on this API can be seen at:
-http://sourceware.org/gdb/current/onlinedocs/gdb/Python-API.html
+https://sourceware.org/gdb/current/onlinedocs/gdb/Python-API.html
 
 
 This python module deals with the case when the process being debugged (the
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ class PyObjectPtr(object):
             def __repr__(self):
                 # For the NULL pointer, we have no way of knowing a type, so
                 # special-case it as per
-                # http://bugs.python.org/issue8032#msg100882
+                # https://bugs.python.org/issue8032#msg100882
                 if self.address == 0:
                     return '0x0'
                 return '<%s at remote 0x%x>' % (self.tp_name, self.address)
@@ -1451,7 +1451,7 @@ register (gdb.current_objfile ())
 
 # Unfortunately, the exact API exposed by the gdb module varies somewhat
 # from build to build
-# See http://bugs.python.org/issue8279?#msg102276
+# See https://bugs.python.org/issue8279?#msg102276
 
 class Frame(object):
     '''
diff --git a/Cython/Includes/libc/time.pxd b/Cython/Includes/libc/time.pxd
index 3aa15a2ee..c195a53e4 100644
--- a/Cython/Includes/libc/time.pxd
+++ b/Cython/Includes/libc/time.pxd
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_date_and_time_functions
+# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_date_and_time_functions
 
 from libc.stddef cimport wchar_t
 
diff --git a/Cython/Includes/posix/dlfcn.pxd b/Cython/Includes/posix/dlfcn.pxd
index cff5bea15..bf61997f3 100644
--- a/Cython/Includes/posix/dlfcn.pxd
+++ b/Cython/Includes/posix/dlfcn.pxd
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # POSIX dynamic linking/loading interface.
-# http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/dlfcn.h.html
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/dlfcn.h.html
 
 cdef extern from "<dlfcn.h>" nogil:
     void *dlopen(const char *, int)
diff --git a/Cython/Includes/posix/mman.pxd b/Cython/Includes/posix/mman.pxd
index 909e3019a..a6360175c 100644
--- a/Cython/Includes/posix/mman.pxd
+++ b/Cython/Includes/posix/mman.pxd
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/sys/mman.h.html
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/sys/mman.h.html
 
 from posix.types cimport off_t, mode_t
 
diff --git a/Cython/Includes/posix/resource.pxd b/Cython/Includes/posix/resource.pxd
index 9f55c6ab4..ddcf4e1be 100644
--- a/Cython/Includes/posix/resource.pxd
+++ b/Cython/Includes/posix/resource.pxd
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/sys/resource.h.html
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/sys/resource.h.html
 
 from posix.time  cimport timeval
 from posix.types cimport id_t
diff --git a/Cython/Includes/posix/stdio.pxd b/Cython/Includes/posix/stdio.pxd
index 53913fdf4..38b815559 100644
--- a/Cython/Includes/posix/stdio.pxd
+++ b/Cython/Includes/posix/stdio.pxd
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # POSIX additions to <stdio.h>.
-# http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdio.h.html
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdio.h.html
 
 from libc.stdio cimport FILE
 from libc.stddef cimport wchar_t
diff --git a/Cython/Includes/posix/stdlib.pxd b/Cython/Includes/posix/stdlib.pxd
index 513de938a..188e2e501 100644
--- a/Cython/Includes/posix/stdlib.pxd
+++ b/Cython/Includes/posix/stdlib.pxd
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # POSIX additions to <stdlib.h>
-# http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdlib.h.html
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdlib.h.html
 
 cdef extern from "<stdlib.h>" nogil:
     void   _Exit(int)
diff --git a/Cython/Includes/posix/time.pxd b/Cython/Includes/posix/time.pxd
index 6bc81bfea..a90cab577 100644
--- a/Cython/Includes/posix/time.pxd
+++ b/Cython/Includes/posix/time.pxd
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/sys/time.h.html
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/sys/time.h.html
 
 from posix.types cimport suseconds_t, time_t, clockid_t, timer_t
 from posix.signal cimport sigevent
diff --git a/Cython/Includes/posix/wait.pxd b/Cython/Includes/posix/wait.pxd
index d18cff9cf..7be7c49b6 100644
--- a/Cython/Includes/posix/wait.pxd
+++ b/Cython/Includes/posix/wait.pxd
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/sys/wait.h.html
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/sys/wait.h.html
 
 from posix.types cimport pid_t, id_t
 from posix.signal cimport siginfo_t
diff --git a/Cython/Utility/Buffer.c b/Cython/Utility/Buffer.c
index a333db6f9..93248c517 100644
--- a/Cython/Utility/Buffer.c
+++ b/Cython/Utility/Buffer.c
@@ -224,8 +224,8 @@ fail:;
 //  the format string; the access mode/flags is checked by the
 //  exporter. See:
 //
-//  http://docs.python.org/3/library/struct.html
-//  http://legacy.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3118/#additions-to-the-struct-string-syntax
+//  https://docs.python.org/3/library/struct.html
+//  https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3118/#additions-to-the-struct-string-syntax
 //
 //  The alignment code is copied from _struct.c in Python.
 
diff --git a/Cython/Utility/ModuleSetupCode.c b/Cython/Utility/ModuleSetupCode.c
index 79e8d8e45..ef4589358 100644
--- a/Cython/Utility/ModuleSetupCode.c
+++ b/Cython/Utility/ModuleSetupCode.c
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@
   #endif
 #endif
 
-// Work around clang bug http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21847816/c-invoke-nested-template-class-destructor
+// Work around clang bug https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21847816/c-invoke-nested-template-class-destructor
 template<typename T>
 void __Pyx_call_destructor(T& x) {
     x.~T();
diff --git a/Cython/Utility/ObjectHandling.c b/Cython/Utility/ObjectHandling.c
index f09606269..e890c1d36 100644
--- a/Cython/Utility/ObjectHandling.c
+++ b/Cython/Utility/ObjectHandling.c
@@ -1986,7 +1986,7 @@ static PyObject *__Pyx_PyFunction_FastCallDict(PyObject *func, PyObject **args,
 //       ((char *)(foo)        \
 //        + Py_BUILD_ASSERT_EXPR(offsetof(struct foo, string) == 0))
 //
-//   Written by Rusty Russell, public domain, http://ccodearchive.net/
+//   Written by Rusty Russell, public domain, https://ccodearchive.net/
 #define __Pyx_BUILD_ASSERT_EXPR(cond) \
     (sizeof(char [1 - 2*!(cond)]) - 1)
 
diff --git a/Cython/Utility/Optimize.c b/Cython/Utility/Optimize.c
index 3366f9cf0..a8287f79e 100644
--- a/Cython/Utility/Optimize.c
+++ b/Cython/Utility/Optimize.c
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ static PyObject* __Pyx__PyNumber_PowerOf2(PyObject *two, PyObject *exp, PyObject
 
 static PyObject* __Pyx__PyNumber_PowerOf2(PyObject *two, PyObject *exp, PyObject *none, int inplace) {
 // in CPython, 1<<N is substantially faster than 2**N
-// see http://bugs.python.org/issue21420
+// see https://bugs.python.org/issue21420
 #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
     Py_ssize_t shiftby;
 #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
diff --git a/Demos/benchmarks/bpnn3.py b/Demos/benchmarks/bpnn3.py
index 362bc2703..0e873ac09 100644
--- a/Demos/benchmarks/bpnn3.py
+++ b/Demos/benchmarks/bpnn3.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python
 # Back-Propagation Neural Networks
 #
-# Written in Python.  See http://www.python.org/
+# Written in Python.  See https://www.python.org/
 #
 # Neil Schemenauer <nascheme@enme.ucalgary.ca>
 
diff --git a/Demos/benchmarks/nqueens.py b/Demos/benchmarks/nqueens.py
index 87e63df11..918f9e589 100644
--- a/Demos/benchmarks/nqueens.py
+++ b/Demos/benchmarks/nqueens.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def permutations(iterable):
         else:
             return
 
-# From http://code.activestate.com/recipes/576647/
+# From https://code.activestate.com/recipes/576647/
 @cython.locals(queen_count=int, i=int, vec=list)
 def n_queens(queen_count):
     """N-Queens solver.
diff --git a/Demos/freeze/README.rst b/Demos/freeze/README.rst
index 31c4b4c12..20383ef28 100644
--- a/Demos/freeze/README.rst
+++ b/Demos/freeze/README.rst
@@ -106,6 +106,6 @@ Cython 0.11.2 (or newer, assuming the API does not change)
 SEE ALSO
 ========
 
-* `Python <http://www.python.org>`_
+* `Python <https://www.python.org/>`_
 * `Cython <http://www.cython.org>`_
-* `freeze.py <http://wiki.python.org/moin/Freeze>`_
+* `freeze.py <https://wiki.python.org/moin/Freeze>`_
diff --git a/Doc/s5/cython-ep2008.txt b/Doc/s5/cython-ep2008.txt
index a29ca35d6..aeb56ae66 100644
--- a/Doc/s5/cython-ep2008.txt
+++ b/Doc/s5/cython-ep2008.txt
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ Cython is
 
 * an Open-Source project
 
-  * http://cython.org
+  * https://cython.org/
 
 * a Python compiler (almost)
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Major Cython Developers
 
 * many, *many* others - see
 
-  * http://cython.org/
+  * https://cython.org/
 
   * the mailing list archives of Cython and Pyrex
 
@@ -398,4 +398,4 @@ Cython
 
   \... use it, and join the project!
 
-  http://cython.org/
+  https://cython.org/
diff --git a/Doc/s5/ui/default/iepngfix.htc b/Doc/s5/ui/default/iepngfix.htc
index 4d90c87a9..5fd31ff9e 100644
--- a/Doc/s5/ui/default/iepngfix.htc
+++ b/Doc/s5/ui/default/iepngfix.htc
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 

 <script>

 

-// IE5.5+ PNG Alpha Fix v1.0 by Angus Turnbull http://www.twinhelix.com

+// IE5.5+ PNG Alpha Fix v1.0 by Angus Turnbull https://www.twinhelix.com/

 // Free usage permitted as long as this notice remains intact.

 

 // This must be a path to a blank image. That's all the configuration you need here.

diff --git a/Doc/s5/ui/default/slides.js b/Doc/s5/ui/default/slides.js
index 452203586..6f7d08a25 100644
--- a/Doc/s5/ui/default/slides.js
+++ b/Doc/s5/ui/default/slides.js
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // S5 v1.1 slides.js -- released into the Public Domain
 //
-// Please see http://www.meyerweb.com/eric/tools/s5/credits.html for information
+// Please see https://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/s5/credits.html for information
 // about all the wonderful and talented contributors to this code!
 
 var undef;
diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt
index d9a10c0d8..4f6f63985 100644
--- a/LICENSE.txt
+++ b/LICENSE.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
                                  Apache License
                            Version 2.0, January 2004
-                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+                        https://www.apache.org/licenses/
 
    TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
 
diff --git a/README.rst b/README.rst
index 33a848494..7572a4fdf 100644
--- a/README.rst
+++ b/README.rst
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Welcome to Cython!  
+Welcome to Cython!
 ==================
 
 Cython is a language that makes writing C extensions for
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ code from Cython code.
 This makes Cython the ideal language for wrapping external C libraries, and
 for fast C modules that speed up the execution of Python code.
 
-* Official website: http://cython.org/
-* Documentation: http://docs.cython.org/en/latest/
+* Official website: https://cython.org/
+* Documentation: http://docs.cython.org/
 * Github repository: https://github.com/cython/cython
 * Wiki: https://github.com/cython/cython/wiki
 
diff --git a/Tools/cython-mode.el b/Tools/cython-mode.el
index e4be99f5b..058dd7b20 100644
--- a/Tools/cython-mode.el
+++ b/Tools/cython-mode.el
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 (defgroup cython nil "Major mode for editing and compiling Cython files"
   :group 'languages
   :prefix "cython-"
-  :link '(url-link :tag "Homepage" "http://cython.org"))
+  :link '(url-link :tag "Homepage" "https://cython.org/"))
 
 ;;;###autoload
 (defcustom cython-default-compile-format "cython -a %s"
diff --git a/appveyor.yml b/appveyor.yml
index 3fa371e4d..018082ef0 100644
--- a/appveyor.yml
+++ b/appveyor.yml
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ environment:
   global:
     # SDK v7.0 MSVC Express 2008's SetEnv.cmd script will fail if the
     # /E:ON and /V:ON options are not enabled in the batch script interpreter
-    # See: http://stackoverflow.com/a/13751649/163740
+    # See: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11267463/compiling-python-modules-on-windows-x64/13751649#13751649
     WITH_ENV: "cmd /E:ON /V:ON /C .\\appveyor\\run_with_env.cmd"
 
   matrix:
diff --git a/appveyor/install.ps1 b/appveyor/install.ps1
index ab027fcfe..6a8fc6ad9 100644
--- a/appveyor/install.ps1
+++ b/appveyor/install.ps1
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Sample script to install Python and pip under Windows
 # Authors: Olivier Grisel and Kyle Kastner
-# License: CC0 1.0 Universal: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
+# License: CC0 1.0 Universal: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
 
 $PYTHON_BASE_URL = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/"
 $GET_PIP_URL = "https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py"
diff --git a/docs/README b/docs/README
index 7b3f61b5a..db5a80c91 100644
--- a/docs/README
+++ b/docs/README
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ On windows systems, you only need Sphinx. Open PowerShell and type::
 You can then see the documentation by opening in a browser ``cython/docs/build/html/index.html``.
 
 The current Cython documentation files are hosted at
-https://cython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+https://cython.readthedocs.io/
 
 
 Notes
diff --git a/docs/TODO b/docs/TODO
index b2c960f56..0373df4d9 100644
--- a/docs/TODO
+++ b/docs/TODO
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Eventually, it seems all of the old users manual could be whittled
 down into independent tutorial topics. Much discussion of what we'd
 like to see is at
 
-http://www.mail-archive.com/cython-dev@codespeak.net/msg06945.html
+https://www.mail-archive.com/cython-dev@codespeak.net/msg06945.html
 
 There is currently a huge amount of redundancy, but no one section has
 it all.
diff --git a/docs/index.rst b/docs/index.rst
index 3e14d8dad..7dc6ac525 100644
--- a/docs/index.rst
+++ b/docs/index.rst
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Welcome to Cython's Documentation
 =================================
 
-Also see the `Cython project homepage <http://cython.org/>`_.
+Also see the `Cython project homepage <https://cython.org/>`_.
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 2
diff --git a/docs/sphinxext/cython_highlighting.py b/docs/sphinxext/cython_highlighting.py
index 06e11b891..c5888e371 100644
--- a/docs/sphinxext/cython_highlighting.py
+++ b/docs/sphinxext/cython_highlighting.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ line_re  = re.compile('.*?\n')
 
 class CythonLexer(RegexLexer):
     """
-    For `Cython <http://cython.org>`_ source code.
+    For `Cython <https://cython.org/>`_ source code.
     """
 
     name = 'Cython'
diff --git a/docs/src/quickstart/build.rst b/docs/src/quickstart/build.rst
index 628ed2604..6ef66712f 100644
--- a/docs/src/quickstart/build.rst
+++ b/docs/src/quickstart/build.rst
@@ -104,5 +104,5 @@ Using the Sage notebook
   functions defined in a Cython cell imported into the running session.
 
 
-.. [Jupyter] http://jupyter.org/
-.. [Sage] W. Stein et al., Sage Mathematics Software, http://www.sagemath.org/
+.. [Jupyter] https://jupyter.org/
+.. [Sage] W. Stein et al., Sage Mathematics Software, https://www.sagemath.org/
diff --git a/docs/src/quickstart/install.rst b/docs/src/quickstart/install.rst
index a71adffb5..6eaf2d250 100644
--- a/docs/src/quickstart/install.rst
+++ b/docs/src/quickstart/install.rst
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ The simplest way of installing Cython is by using ``pip``::
 
 
 The newest Cython release can always be downloaded from
-http://cython.org.  Unpack the tarball or zip file, enter the
+https://cython.org/.  Unpack the tarball or zip file, enter the
 directory, and then run::
 
   python setup.py install
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ with
 
 .. [Anaconda] https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/
 .. [Canopy] https://www.enthought.com/product/canopy/
-.. [Sage] W. Stein et al., Sage Mathematics Software, http://www.sagemath.org/
+.. [Sage] W. Stein et al., Sage Mathematics Software, https://www.sagemath.org/
diff --git a/docs/src/quickstart/overview.rst b/docs/src/quickstart/overview.rst
index 1585f89fe..29ef49db3 100644
--- a/docs/src/quickstart/overview.rst
+++ b/docs/src/quickstart/overview.rst
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ thus merges the two worlds into a very broadly applicable programming
 language.
 
 .. [Cython] G. Ewing, R. W. Bradshaw, S. Behnel, D. S. Seljebotn et al.,
-   The Cython compiler, http://cython.org.
+   The Cython compiler, https://cython.org/.
 .. [IronPython] Jim Hugunin et al., https://archive.codeplex.com/?p=IronPython.
 .. [Jython] J. Huginin, B. Warsaw, F. Bock, et al.,
    Jython: Python for the Java platform, http://www.jython.org.
 .. [PyPy] The PyPy Group, PyPy: a Python implementation written in Python,
-   http://pypy.org.
+   https://pypy.org/.
 .. [Pyrex] G. Ewing, Pyrex: C-Extensions for Python,
-   http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/
+   https://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/
 .. [Python] G. van Rossum et al., The Python programming language,
    https://www.python.org/.
diff --git a/docs/src/tutorial/profiling_tutorial.rst b/docs/src/tutorial/profiling_tutorial.rst
index a7cfab0a8..903522de2 100644
--- a/docs/src/tutorial/profiling_tutorial.rst
+++ b/docs/src/tutorial/profiling_tutorial.rst
@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ Enabling coverage analysis
 --------------------------
 
 Since Cython 0.23, line tracing (see above) also enables support for coverage
-reporting with the `coverage.py <http://coverage.readthedocs.io/>`_ tool.
-To make the coverage analysis understand Cython modules, you also need to enable
+reporting with the `coverage.py <https://coverage.readthedocs.io/>`_ tool. To
+make the coverage analysis understand Cython modules, you also need to enable
 Cython's coverage plugin in your ``.coveragerc`` file as follows:
 
 .. code-block:: ini
@@ -274,5 +274,3 @@ faster than calling pow(x,0.5).
 Even so, the result we achieved here is quite satisfactory: we came up with a
 solution that is much faster then our original Python version while retaining
 functionality and readability.
-
-
diff --git a/docs/src/tutorial/related_work.rst b/docs/src/tutorial/related_work.rst
index 01cc5b327..4d4904132 100644
--- a/docs/src/tutorial/related_work.rst
+++ b/docs/src/tutorial/related_work.rst
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Python modules.
 .. [ctypes] https://docs.python.org/library/ctypes.html.
 .. there's also the original ctypes home page: http://python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/
 .. [Pyrex] G. Ewing, Pyrex: C-Extensions for Python,
-   http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/
+   https://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/
 .. [ShedSkin] M. Dufour, J. Coughlan, ShedSkin,
    https://github.com/shedskin/shedskin
 .. [SWIG] David M. Beazley et al.,
diff --git a/docs/src/tutorial/strings.rst b/docs/src/tutorial/strings.rst
index 5c5da6fac..af4761921 100644
--- a/docs/src/tutorial/strings.rst
+++ b/docs/src/tutorial/strings.rst
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ characters and is compatible with plain ASCII encoded text that it
 encodes efficiently.  This makes it a very good choice for source code
 files which usually consist mostly of ASCII characters.
 
-.. _`UTF-8`: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8
+.. _`UTF-8`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8
 
 As an example, putting the following line into a UTF-8 encoded source
 file will print ``5``, as UTF-8 encodes the letter ``'ö'`` in the two
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ above character.
 For more information on this topic, it is worth reading the `Wikipedia
 article about the UTF-16 encoding`_.
 
-.. _`Wikipedia article about the UTF-16 encoding`: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16/UCS-2
+.. _`Wikipedia article about the UTF-16 encoding`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16/UCS-2
 
 The same properties apply to Cython code that gets compiled for a
 narrow CPython runtime environment.  In most cases, e.g. when
diff --git a/docs/src/userguide/external_C_code.rst b/docs/src/userguide/external_C_code.rst
index 80764b253..b3e0546ea 100644
--- a/docs/src/userguide/external_C_code.rst
+++ b/docs/src/userguide/external_C_code.rst
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ Acquiring and Releasing the GIL
 ---------------------------------
 
 Cython provides facilities for acquiring and releasing the
-`Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) <http://docs.python.org/dev/glossary.html#term-global-interpreter-lock>`_.
+`Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) <https://docs.python.org/dev/glossary.html#term-global-interpreter-lock>`_.
 This may be useful when calling from multi-threaded code into
 (external C) code that may block, or when wanting to use Python
 from a (native) C thread callback.  Releasing the GIL should
diff --git a/docs/src/userguide/memoryviews.rst b/docs/src/userguide/memoryviews.rst
index 06f754bd7..15d987295 100644
--- a/docs/src/userguide/memoryviews.rst
+++ b/docs/src/userguide/memoryviews.rst
@@ -652,6 +652,6 @@ object handling. For the details of how to compile and
 call functions in C files, see :ref:`using_c_libraries`.
 
 
-.. _GIL: http://docs.python.org/dev/glossary.html#term-global-interpreter-lock
+.. _GIL: https://docs.python.org/dev/glossary.html#term-global-interpreter-lock
 .. _NumPy: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/arrays.ndarray.html#memory-layout
 .. _example: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/arrays.indexing.html
diff --git a/docs/src/userguide/numpy_pythran.rst b/docs/src/userguide/numpy_pythran.rst
index 185f7c654..5ec4b46d1 100644
--- a/docs/src/userguide/numpy_pythran.rst
+++ b/docs/src/userguide/numpy_pythran.rst
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Usage example with distutils
 ----------------------------
 
 You first need to install Pythran. See its `documentation
-<http://pythran.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_ for more information.
+<https://pythran.readthedocs.io/>`_ for more information.
 
 Then, simply add a ``cython: np_pythran=True`` directive at the top of the
 Python files that needs to be compiled using Pythran numpy support.
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Here is an example of a simple ``setup.py`` file using distutils:
 
   from distutils.core import setup
   from Cython.Build import cythonize
-  
+
   setup(
       name = "My hello app",
       ext_modules = cythonize('hello_pythran.pyx')
diff --git a/docs/src/userguide/numpy_tutorial.rst b/docs/src/userguide/numpy_tutorial.rst
index 3d1cd5a74..20683668e 100644
--- a/docs/src/userguide/numpy_tutorial.rst
+++ b/docs/src/userguide/numpy_tutorial.rst
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ However there are several options to automate these steps:
    excellent support for using Cython and NumPy from an interactive command
    line or through a notebook interface (like
    Maple/Mathematica). See `this documentation
-   <http://doc.sagemath.org/html/en/developer/coding_in_cython.html>`_.
+   <https://doc.sagemath.org/html/en/developer/coding_in_cython.html>`_.
 2. Cython can be used as an extension within a Jupyter notebook,
    making it easy to compile and use Cython code with just a ``%%cython``
    at the top of a cell. For more information see
@@ -487,8 +487,8 @@ than NumPy!
 Where to go from here?
 ======================
 
-* If you want to learn how to make use of `BLAS <http://www.netlib.org/blas/>`_
-  or `LAPACK <http://www.netlib.org/lapack/>`_ with Cython, you can watch
+* If you want to learn how to make use of `BLAS <https://www.netlib.org/blas/>`_
+  or `LAPACK <https://www.netlib.org/lapack/>`_ with Cython, you can watch
   `the presentation of Ian Henriksen at SciPy 2015
   <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4yB-8tB0J0&t=693s&ab_channel=Enthought>`_.
 * If you want to learn how to use Pythran as backend in Cython, you
diff --git a/docs/src/userguide/pypy.rst b/docs/src/userguide/pypy.rst
index cf1fbb24d..893277bda 100644
--- a/docs/src/userguide/pypy.rst
+++ b/docs/src/userguide/pypy.rst
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Porting Cython code to PyPy
 ===========================
 
 Cython has basic support for cpyext, the layer in
-`PyPy <http://pypy.org/>`_ that emulates CPython's C-API.  This is
+`PyPy <https://pypy.org/>`_ that emulates CPython's C-API.  This is
 achieved by making the generated C code adapt at C compile time, so
 the generated code will compile in both CPython and PyPy unchanged.
 
diff --git a/docs/src/userguide/pyrex_differences.rst b/docs/src/userguide/pyrex_differences.rst
index 8a958ec9a..aa2eb75da 100644
--- a/docs/src/userguide/pyrex_differences.rst
+++ b/docs/src/userguide/pyrex_differences.rst
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ Automatic ``typecheck``
 
 Rather than introducing a new keyword ``typecheck`` as explained in the
 `Pyrex docs
-<http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/version/Doc/Manual/special_methods.html>`_,
+<https://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/version/Doc/Manual/special_methods.html>`_,
 Cython emits a (non-spoofable and faster) typecheck whenever
 :func:`isinstance` is used with an extension type as the second parameter.
 
diff --git a/docs/src/userguide/source_files_and_compilation.rst b/docs/src/userguide/source_files_and_compilation.rst
index c4f01806d..605b973aa 100644
--- a/docs/src/userguide/source_files_and_compilation.rst
+++ b/docs/src/userguide/source_files_and_compilation.rst
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ The Sage notebook allows transparently editing and compiling Cython
 code simply by typing ``%cython`` at the top of a cell and evaluate
 it. Variables and functions defined in a Cython cell are imported into the
 running session.  Please check `Sage documentation
-<http://www.sagemath.org/doc/>`_ for details.
+<https://www.sagemath.org/doc/>`_ for details.
 
 You can tailor the behavior of the Cython compiler by specifying the
 directives below.
diff --git a/pyximport/pyxbuild.py b/pyximport/pyxbuild.py
index de4a2241f..98a97b746 100644
--- a/pyximport/pyxbuild.py
+++ b/pyximport/pyxbuild.py
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ def pyx_to_dll(filename, ext=None, force_rebuild=0, build_in_temp=False, pyxbuil
         so_path = obj_build_ext.get_outputs()[0]
         if obj_build_ext.inplace:
             # Python distutils get_outputs()[ returns a wrong so_path
-            # when --inplace ; see http://bugs.python.org/issue5977
+            # when --inplace ; see https://bugs.python.org/issue5977
             # workaround:
             so_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filename),
                                    os.path.basename(so_path))
diff --git a/runtests.py b/runtests.py
index 03ffe757d..e72255721 100755
--- a/runtests.py
+++ b/runtests.py
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ def get_distutils_distro(_cache=[]):
     distutils_distro = Distribution()
 
     if sys.platform == 'win32':
-        # TODO: Figure out why this hackery (see http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/8280/).
+        # TODO: Figure out why this hackery (see https://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/8280/).
         config_files = distutils_distro.find_config_files()
         try:
             config_files.remove('setup.cfg')
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index d0743bb13..3bfde16fe 100755
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ packages = [
 setup(
     name='Cython',
     version=version,
-    url='http://cython.org/',
+    url='https://cython.org/',
     author='Robert Bradshaw, Stefan Behnel, Dag Seljebotn, Greg Ewing, et al.',
     author_email='cython-devel@python.org',
     description="The Cython compiler for writing C extensions for the Python language.",
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ setup(
 
         pip install Cython --install-option="--no-cython-compile"
 
-    .. _Pyrex: http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/
+    .. _Pyrex: https://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/
     """),
     license='Apache',
     classifiers=[
diff --git a/tests/memoryview/memoryview.pyx b/tests/memoryview/memoryview.pyx
index a4ca02230..fda5a691e 100644
--- a/tests/memoryview/memoryview.pyx
+++ b/tests/memoryview/memoryview.pyx
@@ -1089,7 +1089,7 @@ def optimised_index_of_slice(int[:,:,:] arr, int x, int y, int z):
 
 
 def test_assign_from_byteslike(byteslike):
-    # Once http://python3statement.org is accepted, should be just
+    # Once https://python3statement.org/ is accepted, should be just
     # >>> test_assign_from_byteslike(bytes(b'hello'))
     # b'hello'
     # ...
diff --git a/tests/memoryview/relaxed_strides.pyx b/tests/memoryview/relaxed_strides.pyx
index 3e4ba1543..f541a608a 100644
--- a/tests/memoryview/relaxed_strides.pyx
+++ b/tests/memoryview/relaxed_strides.pyx
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ Thanks to Nathaniel Smith and Sebastian Berg.
 See also:
 
     Mailing list threads:
-      http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14762
-      http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14634
+      https://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14762
+      https://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14634
 
     Detailed discussion of the difference between numpy/cython's current
     definition of "contiguity", and the correct definition:
-      http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14634/focus=14640
+      https://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14634/focus=14640
 
     The PR implementing NPY_RELAXED_STRIDES_CHECKING:
       https://github.com/numpy/numpy/pull/3162
diff --git a/tests/run/clear_to_null.pyx b/tests/run/clear_to_null.pyx
index c8a355570..c54faa583 100644
--- a/tests/run/clear_to_null.pyx
+++ b/tests/run/clear_to_null.pyx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Check that Cython generates a tp_clear function that actually clears object
 references to NULL instead of None.
 
-Discussed here: http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14833
+Discussed here: https://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14833
 """
 
 from cpython.ref cimport PyObject, Py_TYPE
diff --git a/tests/run/no_gc_clear.pyx b/tests/run/no_gc_clear.pyx
index 643ec4c6e..9afca8af8 100644
--- a/tests/run/no_gc_clear.pyx
+++ b/tests/run/no_gc_clear.pyx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Check that the @cython.no_gc_clear decorator disables generation of the
 tp_clear slot so that __dealloc__ will still see the original reference
 contents.
 
-Discussed here: http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14986
+Discussed here: https://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.cython.devel/14986
 """
 
 cimport cython
diff --git a/tests/run/pep448_test_extcall.pyx b/tests/run/pep448_test_extcall.pyx
index 03121556c..0ba68a099 100644
--- a/tests/run/pep448_test_extcall.pyx
+++ b/tests/run/pep448_test_extcall.pyx
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ def call_builtin_nonempty_dict():
 ''' Cython: currently just passes empty kwargs into f() while CPython keeps the content
 
 # A corner case of keyword dictionary items being deleted during
-# the function call setup. See <http://bugs.python.org/issue2016>.
+# the function call setup. See <https://bugs.python.org/issue2016>.
 
 def call_kwargs_modified_while_building():
     """
diff --git a/tests/run/test_coroutines_pep492.pyx b/tests/run/test_coroutines_pep492.pyx
index b7db9f92f..4047403c6 100644
--- a/tests/run/test_coroutines_pep492.pyx
+++ b/tests/run/test_coroutines_pep492.pyx
@@ -1075,7 +1075,7 @@ class CoroutineTest(unittest.TestCase):
             c.close()
 
     def test_func_15(self):
-        # See http://bugs.python.org/issue25887 for details
+        # See https://bugs.python.org/issue25887 for details
 
         async def spammer():
             return 'spam'
@@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@ class CoroutineTest(unittest.TestCase):
             reader(spammer_coro).send(None)
 
     def test_func_16(self):
-        # See http://bugs.python.org/issue25887 for details
+        # See https://bugs.python.org/issue25887 for details
 
         @types_coroutine
         def nop():
@@ -1123,7 +1123,7 @@ class CoroutineTest(unittest.TestCase):
             reader.throw(Exception('wat'))
 
     def test_func_17(self):
-        # See http://bugs.python.org/issue25887 for details
+        # See https://bugs.python.org/issue25887 for details
 
         async def coroutine():
             return 'spam'
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ class CoroutineTest(unittest.TestCase):
         coro.close()
 
     def test_func_18(self):
-        # See http://bugs.python.org/issue25887 for details
+        # See https://bugs.python.org/issue25887 for details
 
         async def coroutine():
             return 'spam'
diff --git a/tests/run/test_fstring.pyx b/tests/run/test_fstring.pyx
index 450f39f3e..5bcf9c0b6 100644
--- a/tests/run/test_fstring.pyx
+++ b/tests/run/test_fstring.pyx
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class TestCase(CythonTest):
         self.assertEqual(type(y).__format__(y, ''), 'class')
 
     def __test_ast(self):
-        # Inspired by http://bugs.python.org/issue24975
+        # Inspired by https://bugs.python.org/issue24975
         class X:
             def __init__(self):
                 self.called = False
diff --git a/tests/run/test_unicode.pyx b/tests/run/test_unicode.pyx
index 09d9ebdb5..a8d791e90 100644
--- a/tests/run/test_unicode.pyx
+++ b/tests/run/test_unicode.pyx
@@ -1771,7 +1771,7 @@ class UnicodeTest(CommonTest,
         # Issue #8271: during the decoding of an invalid UTF-8 byte sequence,
         # only the start byte and the continuation byte(s) are now considered
         # invalid, instead of the number of bytes specified by the start byte.
-        # See http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/ch03.pdf (page 95,
+        # See https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/ch03.pdf (page 95,
         # table 3-8, Row 2) for more information about the algorithm used.
         FFFD = '\ufffd'
         sequences = [
diff --git a/tests/run/yield_from_pep380.pyx b/tests/run/yield_from_pep380.pyx
index a1b7500d5..d73144c9e 100644
--- a/tests/run/yield_from_pep380.pyx
+++ b/tests/run/yield_from_pep380.pyx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 Test suite for PEP 380 implementation
 
 adapted from original tests written by Greg Ewing
-see <http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/yield-from/YieldFrom-Python3.1.2-rev5.zip>
+see <https://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/yield-from/YieldFrom-Python3.1.2-rev5.zip>
 """
 
 import sys