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+;;; browse-url.el --- ask a WWW browser to load a URL
+;; Copyright 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; Author: Denis Howe <dbh@doc.ic.ac.uk>
+;; Maintainer: Denis Howe <dbh@doc.ic.ac.uk>
+;; Created: 03 Apr 1995
+;; Keywords: hypertext
+;; X-Home page: http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/
+
+;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
+
+;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
+;; by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your
+;; option) any later version.
+
+;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+;; General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
+;; Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;;; Commentary:
+
+;; The latest version of this package should be available from
+;; <URL:http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/emacs/browse-url.el>.
+
+;; This package provides functions which read a URL (Uniform Resource
+;; Locator) from the minibuffer, defaulting to the URL around point,
+;; and ask a World-Wide Web browser to load it.  It can also load the
+;; URL associated with the current buffer.  Different browsers use
+;; different methods of remote control so there is one function for
+;; each supported browser.  If the chosen browser is not running, it
+;; is started.  Currently there is support for:
+
+;; Function              Browser     Earliest version
+;; browse-url-netscape   Netscape    1.1b1         
+;; browse-url-mosaic     XMosaic     <= 2.4
+;; browse-url-cci        XMosaic     2.5
+;; browse-url-w3         w3          0
+;; browse-url-iximosaic  IXI Mosaic  ?
+
+;; Note that versions of Netscape before 1.1b1 did not have remote
+;; control.  <URL:http://home.netscape.com/newsref/std/x-remote.html>
+;; and <URL:http://home.netscape.com/info/APIs/>.
+
+;; Netscape can cache Web pages so it may be necessary to tell it to
+;; reload the current page if it has changed (eg. if you have edited
+;; it).  There is currently no perfect automatic solution to this.
+
+;; Netscape allows you to specify the id of the window you want to
+;; control but which window DO you want to control and how do you
+;; discover its id?
+
+;; If using XMosaic before version 2.5, check the definition of
+;; browse-url-usr1-signal below.
+;; <URL:http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Software/XMosaic/remote-control.html>
+
+;; XMosaic version 2.5 introduced Common Client Interface allowing you
+;; to control mosaic through Unix sockets.
+;; <URL:http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Software/XMosaic/CCI/cci-spec.html>
+
+;; William M. Perry's excellent "w3" WWW browser for
+;; Emacs <URL:ftp://cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/>
+;; has a function w3-follow-url-at-point, but that
+;; doesn't let you edit the URL like browse-url.
+
+;; I recommend Nelson Minar <nelson@santafe.edu>'s excellent
+;; html-helper-mode.el for editing HTML and thank Nelson for
+;; his many useful comments on this code.
+;; <URL:http://www.santafe.edu/~nelson/hhm-beta/>
+
+;; This package generalises function html-previewer-process in Marc
+;; Andreessen <marca@ncsa.uiuc.edu>'s html-mode (LCD
+;; modes/html-mode.el.Z) and provides better versions of the URL
+;; functions in Michelangelo Grigni <mic@cs.ucsd.edu>'s ffap.el
+;; (find-file-at-point) <URL:ftp://cs.ucsd.edu:/pub/mic/>.  The huge
+;; hyperbole package also contains similar functions.
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;; Help!
+
+;; Can you write and test some code for the Macintrash and Windoze
+;; Netscape remote control APIs?  (See the URL above).
+
+;; Do any other browsers have remote control?
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;; Installation
+
+;; Put the following in your ~/.emacs file:
+;;
+;; (autoload 'browse-url-at-point "browse-url"
+;;   "Ask a WWW browser to load the URL at or before point." t)
+;; (autoload 'browse-url-at-mouse "browse-url"
+;;   "Ask a WWW browser to load a URL clicked with the mouse." t)
+;; (autoload 'browse-url-of-buffer "browse-url"
+;;   "Ask a WWW browser to display BUFFER." t)
+;; (autoload 'browse-url-of-file "browse-url"
+;;   "Ask a WWW browser to display FILE." t)
+;; (autoload 'browse-url-of-dired-file "browse-url"
+;;   "In Dired, ask a WWW browser to display the file named on this line."
+t)
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;; Usage
+
+;; To display the URL at or before point:
+;; M-x browse-url-at-point RET
+
+;; To display a URL by shift-clicking on it, put this in your ~/.emacs
+;; file:
+;;      (global-set-key [S-mouse-1] 'browse-url-at-mouse)
+
+;; To display the current buffer in a web browser:
+;; M-x browse-url-of-buffer RET
+
+;; In Dired, to display the file named on the current line:
+;; M-x browse-url-of-dired-file RET
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;; Customisation (~/.emacs)
+
+;; To see what variables are available for customization, type `M-x
+;; set-variable browse-url TAB'.
+
+;; To bind the browse-url commands to keys with the `C-c u' prefix:
+;;      (global-set-key "\C-cu." 'browse-url-at-point)
+;;      (global-set-key "\C-cub" 'browse-url-of-buffer)
+;;      (global-set-key "\C-cuf" 'browse-url-of-file)
+;;      (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook
+;;                (function (lambda ()
+;;                            (local-set-key "\C-cuf"
+'browse-url-of-dired-file))))
+;;      (if (boundp 'browse-url-browser-function)
+;;          (global-set-key "\C-cuu" browse-url-browser-function)
+;;        (eval-after-load
+;;         "browse-url"
+;;         '(global-set-key "\C-cuu" browse-url-browser-function)))
+
+;; To use the Emacs w3 browser when not running under X11:
+;;      (if (not (eq window-system 'x))
+;;          (setq browse-url-browser-function 'browse-url-w3))
+
+;; To always save modified buffers before displaying the file in a browser:
+;;      (setq browse-url-save-file t)
+
+;; To get round the Netscape caching problem, you could try either of
+;; the following (but not both).  EITHER write-file in
+;; html-helper-mode makes Netscape reload document:
+;;
+;;      (autoload 'browse-url-netscape-reload "browse-url"
+;;        "Ask a WWW browser to redisplay the current file." t)
+;;      (add-hook 'html-helper-mode-hook
+;;                (function (lambda ()
+;;                   (add-hook 'local-write-file-hooks
+;;                             (function (lambda ()
+;;                                (let ((local-write-file-hooks))
+;;                                  (save-buffer))
+;;                                (browse-url-netscape-reload)
+;;                                t))                   ; => file written
+by hook
+;;                             t))))                    ; append to
+l-w-f-hooks
+;;
+;; [Does this work for html-mode too?]
+;;
+;; OR browse-url-of-file ask Netscape to load and then reload the
+;; file:
+;;
+;;      (add-hook 'browse-url-of-file-hook 'browse-url-netscape-reload)
+
+;; You may also want to customise browse-url-netscape-arguments, eg.
+;;
+;;      (setq browse-url-netscape-arguments '("-install"))
+;;
+;; or similarly for the other browsers. 
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;;; Change Log:
+
+;; 0.00 03 Apr 1995 Denis Howe <dbh@doc.ic.ac.uk>
+;;      Created.
+
+;; 0.01 04 Apr 1995
+;;      All names start with "browse-url-".  Added provide.
+
+;; 0.02 05 Apr 1995
+;;      Save file at start of browse-url-of-file.
+;;      Use start-process instead of start-process-shell-command.
+
+;; 0.03 06 Apr 1995
+;;      Add browse-url-netscape-reload, browse-url-netscape-command.
+;;      browse-url-of-file save file option.
+
+;; 0.04 08 Apr 1995
+;;      b-u-file-url separate function.  Change b-u-filename-alist
+;;      default.
+
+;; 0.05 09 Apr 1995
+;;      Added b-u-of-file-hook.
+
+;; 0.06 11 Apr 1995
+;;      Improved .emacs suggestions and documentation.
+
+;; 0.07 13 Apr 1995
+;;      Added browse-url-interactive-arg optional prompt.
+
+;; 0.08 18 Apr 1995
+;;      Exclude final "." from browse-url-regexp.
+
+;; 0.09 21 Apr 1995
+;;      Added mouse-set-point to browse-url-interactive-arg.
+
+;; 0.10 24 Apr 1995
+;;      Added Mosaic signal sending variations.
+;;      Thanks Brian K Servis <servis@ecn.purdue.edu>.
+;;      Don't use xprop for Netscape.
+
+;; 0.11 25 Apr 1995
+;;      Fix reading of ~/.mosaicpid.  Thanks Dag.H.Wanvik@kvatro.no.
+
+;; 0.12 27 Apr 1995
+;;      Interactive prefix arg => URL *after* point.
+;;      Thanks Michelangelo Grigni <mic@cs.ucsd.edu>.
+;;      Added IXI Mosaic support.
+;;      Thanks David Karr <dkarr@nmo.gtegsc.com>.
+
+;; 0.13 28 Apr 1995
+;;      Exclude final [,;] from browse-url-regexp.
+
+;; 0.14 02 May 1995
+;;      Provide browser argument variables.
+
+;; 0.15 07 May 1995
+;;      More Netscape options.  Thanks Peter Arius
+;;      <arius@immd2.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>.
+
+;; 0.16 17 May 1995
+;;      Added browse-url-at-mouse.
+;;      Thanks Wayne Mesard <wmesard@sgi.com>
+
+;; 0.17 27 Jun 1995
+;;      Renamed browse-url-at-point to browse-url-url-at-point.
+;;      Added browse-url-at-point.
+;;      Thanks Jonathan Cano <cano@patch.tandem.com>.
+
+;; 0.18 16 Aug 1995
+;;      Fixed call to browse-url-url-at-point in browse-url-at-point.
+;;      Thanks Eric Ding <ericding@San-Jose.ate.slb.com>.
+
+;; 0.19 24 Aug 1995
+;;      Improved documentation.
+;;      Thanks Kevin Rodgers <kevin.rodgers@ihs.com>.
+
+;; 0.20 31 Aug 1995
+;;      browse-url-of-buffer to handle file-less buffers.
+;;      browse-url-of-dired-file browses current file in dired.
+;;      Thanks Kevin Rodgers <kevin.rodgers@ihs.com>.
+
+;; 0.21 09 Sep 1995
+;;      XMosaic CCI functions.
+;;      Thanks Marc Furrer <Marc.Furrer@di.epfl.ch>.
+
+;; 0.22 13 Sep 1995
+;;      Fixed new-window documentation and added to browse-url-cci.
+;;      Thanks Dilip Sequeira <djs@dcs.ed.ac.uk>.
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;;; Code:
+
+(defvar browse-url-regexp
+  "\\(https?://\\|ftp://\\|gopher://\\|telnet://\\|wais://\\|file:/\\|s?news:\\|mai
+lto:\\)[^]\t\n \"'()<>[^`{}]*[^]\t\n \"'()<>[^`{}.,;]+"
+  "A regular expression probably matching a URL.")
+
+(defvar browse-url-browser-function
+  'browse-url-netscape
+  "*Function to display the current buffer in a WWW browser.
+Used by the `browse-url-at-point', `browse-url-at-mouse', and
+`browse-url-of-file' commands.")
+
+(defvar browse-url-netscape-arguments nil
+  "*A list of strings to pass to Netscape as arguments.")
+
+(defvar browse-url-new-window-p nil
+  "*If non-nil, always open a new browser window.
+Passing an interactive argument to \\[browse-url-netscape] or
+\\[browse-url-cci] reverses the effect of this variable.  Requires
+Netscape version 1.1N or later or XMosaic version 2.5 or later.")
+
+(defvar browse-url-mosaic-arguments nil
+  "*A list of strings to pass to Mosaic as arguments.")
+
+(defvar browse-url-filename-alist
+  '(("^/+" . "file:/"))
+  "An alist of (REGEXP . STRING) pairs.
+Any substring of a filename matching one of the REGEXPs is replaced by
+the corresponding STRING.  All pairs are applied in the order given.
+Used by the `browse-url-of-file' command.")
+
+(defvar browse-url-save-file nil
+  "If non-nil, save the buffer before displaying its file.
+Used by the `browse-url-of-file' command.")
+
+(defvar browse-url-of-file-hook nil
+  "A hook to be run with run-hook after `browse-url-of-file' has asked
+a browser to load a file.
+
+Set this to `browse-url-netscape-reload' to force Netscape to load the
+file rather than displaying a cached copy.")
+
+(defvar browse-url-usr1-signal
+  (if (and (boundp 'emacs-major-version)
+           (or (> emacs-major-version 19) (>= emacs-minor-version 29)))
+      'sigusr1
+    30)                                 ; Check /usr/include/signal.h.
+  "The argument to `signal-process' for sending SIGUSR1 to XMosaic.
+Emacs 19.29 accepts 'sigusr1, earlier versions require an integer
+which is 30 on SunOS and 16 on HP-UX and Solaris.")
+
+(defvar browse-url-CCI-port 3003
+  "Port to access XMosaic via CCI.
+This can be any number between 1024 and 65535 but must correspond to
+the value set in the browser.")
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;; URL input
+
+;; thingatpt.el doesn't work for complex regexps.
+
+(defun browse-url-url-at-point ()
+  "Return the URL around or before point.
+Then search backwards for the start of a URL.  If no URL found, return
+the empty string."
+  (if (or (looking-at browse-url-regexp)        ; Already at start
+          (let ((eol (save-excursion (end-of-line) (point))))
+            ;; Search forwards for the next URL or end of line in case
+            ;; we're in the middle of one.
+            (and (re-search-forward browse-url-regexp eol 'lim)
+                 (goto-char (match-beginning 0)))
+            ;; Now back to where we started or earlier.
+            (re-search-backward browse-url-regexp nil t)))
+      (buffer-substring (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))
+    ""))                                ; No match
+
+;; Todo: restrict to around or immediately before point.  Expand bare
+;; hostname to URL.
+
+(defun browse-url-interactive-arg (&optional prompt)
+  "Read a URL from the minibuffer, optionally prompting with PROMPT.
+Default to the URL at or before point.  If bound to a mouse button,
+set point to the position clicked.  Return the result as a list for
+use in `interactive'."
+  (let ((event (elt (this-command-keys) 0)))
+    (and (listp event) (mouse-set-point event)))
+  (list (read-string (or prompt "URL: ") (browse-url-url-at-point))))
+
+(defun browse-url-at-point ()
+  "Ask a WWW browser to load the URL at or before point.
+The URL is loaded according to the value of `browse-url-browser-function'."
+  (interactive)
+  (funcall browse-url-browser-function (browse-url-url-at-point)))
+
+(defun browse-url-at-mouse (event)
+  "Ask a WWW browser to load a URL clicked with the mouse.
+The URL is the one around or before the position of the mouse click
+but point is not changed.  The URL is loaded according to the value of
+`browse-url-browser-function'."
+  (interactive "e")
+  (save-excursion
+    (let ((posn (event-start event)))
+      (set-buffer (window-buffer (posn-window posn)))
+      (goto-char (posn-point posn))
+      (let ((url (browse-url-url-at-point)))
+        (if (string-equal url "")
+            (error "No URL found"))
+        (funcall browse-url-browser-function url)))))
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;; Browse current buffer
+
+(defun browse-url-of-file (&optional file)
+  "Ask a WWW browser to display FILE.
+Display the current buffer's file if FILE is nil or if called
+interactively.  Turn the filename into a URL by performing
+replacements given in variable `browse-url-filename-alist'.  Pass the
+URL to a browser using variable `browse-url-browser-function' then run
+`browse-url-of-file-hook'."
+  (interactive)
+  (setq file
+        (or file
+            (buffer-file-name)
+            (error "Current buffer has no file")))
+  (let ((buf (get-file-buffer file)))
+    (if buf
+        (save-excursion
+          (set-buffer buf)
+          (cond ((not (buffer-modified-p)))
+                (browse-url-save-file (save-buffer))
+                (t (message "%s modified since last save" file))))))
+  (funcall browse-url-browser-function (browse-url-file-url file))
+  (run-hooks 'browse-url-of-file-hook))
+
+(defun browse-url-file-url (file)
+  "Return the URL corresponding to FILE.
+Uses variable `browse-url-filename-alist' to map filenames to URLs."
+  (let ((maps browse-url-filename-alist))
+    (while maps
+      (let* ((map (car maps))
+             (from-re (car map))
+             (to-string (cdr map)))
+        (setq maps (cdr maps))
+        (if (string-match from-re file)
+            (setq file (concat (substring file 0 (match-beginning 0))
+                               to-string
+                               (substring file (match-end 0))))))))
+  file)
+
+(defvar browse-url-temp-file-name nil)
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'browse-url-temp-file-name)
+
+(defvar browse-url-temp-file-list '())
+
+(defun browse-url-of-buffer (&optional buffer)
+  "Ask a WWW browser to display BUFFER.
+Display the current buffer if BUFFER is nil."
+  (interactive)
+  (save-excursion
+    (set-buffer (or buffer (current-buffer)))
+    (let ((file-name
+           (or buffer-file-name
+               (and (boundp 'dired-directory) dired-directory))))
+      (if (null file-name)
+          (progn
+            (if (null browse-url-temp-file-name)
+                (progn
+                  (setq browse-url-temp-file-name
+                        (make-temp-name
+                         (expand-file-name (buffer-name)
+                                           (or (getenv "TMPDIR") "/tmp"))))
+                  (setq browse-url-temp-file-list
+                        (cons browse-url-temp-file-name
+                              browse-url-temp-file-list))))
+            (write-region (point-min) (point-max) browse-url-temp-file-name
+                          nil 'no-message)))
+      (browse-url-of-file (or file-name browse-url-temp-file-name)))))
+
+(defun browse-url-delete-temp-file (&optional temp-file-name)
+  ;; Delete browse-url-temp-file-name from the file system and from
+  ;; browse-url-temp-file-list.  If optional arg TEMP-FILE-NAME is
+  ;; non-nil, delete it instead, but only from the file system --
+  ;; browse-url-temp-file-list is not affected.
+  (let ((file-name (or temp-file-name browse-url-temp-file-name)))
+    (if (and file-name (file-exists-p file-name))
+        (progn
+          (delete-file file-name)
+          (if (null temp-file-name)
+              (setq browse-url-temp-file-list
+                    (delete browse-url-temp-file-name
+                            browse-url-temp-file-list)))))))
+
+(defun browse-url-delete-temp-file-list ()
+  ;; Delete all elements of browse-url-temp-file-list.
+  (while browse-url-temp-file-list
+    (browse-url-delete-temp-file (car browse-url-temp-file-list))
+    (setq browse-url-temp-file-list
+          (cdr browse-url-temp-file-list))))
+
+(add-hook 'kill-buffer-hook 'browse-url-delete-temp-file)
+(add-hook 'kill-emacs-hook 'browse-url-delete-temp-file-list)
+
+(defun browse-url-of-dired-file ()
+  "In Dired, ask a WWW browser to display the file named on this line."
+  (interactive)
+  (browse-url-of-file (dired-get-filename)))
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;; Browser-specific functions
+
+(defun browse-url-netscape (url &optional new-window)
+  "Ask the Netscape WWW browser to load URL.
+
+Default to the URL around or before point.  The strings in variable
+`browse-url-netscape-arguments' are also passed to Netscape.
+
+When called interactively, if variable `browse-url-new-window-p' is
+non-nil, load the document in a new Netscape window, otherwise use a
+random existing one.  A non-nil interactive prefix argument reverses
+the effect of browse-url-new-window-p.
+
+When called non-interactively, optional second argument NEW-WINDOW is
+used instead of browse-url-new-window-p."
+
+  (interactive (append (browse-url-interactive-arg "Netscape URL: ")
+                       (list (not (eq (null browse-url-new-window-p)
+                                      (null current-prefix-arg))))))
+  (or (zerop
+       (apply 'call-process "netscape" nil nil nil
+              (append browse-url-netscape-arguments
+                      (if new-window '("-noraise"))
+                      (list "-remote" 
+                            (concat "openURL(" url 
+                                    (if new-window ",new-window")
+                                    ")")))))
+      (progn                            ; Netscape not running - start it
+        (message "Starting Netscape...")
+        (apply 'start-process "netscape" nil "netscape"
+               (append browse-url-netscape-arguments (list url))))))
+
+(defun browse-url-netscape-reload ()
+  "Ask Netscape to reload its current document."
+  (interactive)
+  (browse-url-netscape-command "reload"))
+
+(defun browse-url-netscape-command (command)
+  "Send a remote control command to Netscape."
+  (apply 'start-process "netscape" nil "netscape"
+         (append browse-url-netscape-arguments
+                 (list "-remote" command))))
+
+(defun browse-url-mosaic (url)
+  "Ask the XMosaic WWW browser to load URL.
+Default to the URL around or before point."
+  (interactive (browse-url-interactive-arg "Mosaic URL: "))
+  (let ((pidfile (expand-file-name "~/.mosaicpid"))
+        pid pidbuf)
+    (if (file-readable-p pidfile)
+        (save-excursion
+          (find-file pidfile)
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (setq pid (read (current-buffer)))
+          (kill-buffer nil)))
+    (if (and pid (zerop (signal-process pid 0))) ; Mosaic running
+        (save-excursion
+          (find-file (format "/tmp/Mosaic.%d" pid))
+          (erase-buffer)
+          (insert "goto\n" url "\n")
+          (save-buffer)
+          (kill-buffer nil)
+          ;; Send signal SIGUSR to Mosaic
+          (message "Signalling Mosaic...")
+          (signal-process pid browse-url-usr1-signal)
+          ;; Or you could try:
+          ;; (call-process "kill" nil 0 nil "-USR1" (int-to-string pid))
+          )
+      ;; Mosaic not running - start it
+      (message "Starting Mosaic...")
+      (apply 'start-process "xmosaic" nil "xmosaic"
+             (append browse-url-mosaic-arguments (list url))))))
+
+(defun browse-url-cci (url &optional new-window)
+  "Ask the XMosaic WWW browser to load URL.
+Default to the URL around or before point.
+
+This function only works for XMosaic version 2.5 or later.  You must
+select `CCI' from XMosaic's File menu, set the CCI Port Address to the
+value of variable `browse-url-CCI-port', and enable `Accept requests'.
+
+When called interactively, if variable `browse-url-new-window-p' is
+non-nil, load the document in a new browser window, otherwise use a
+random existing one.  A non-nil interactive prefix argument reverses
+the effect of browse-url-new-window-p.
+
+When called non-interactively, optional second argument NEW-WINDOW is
+used instead of browse-url-new-window-p."
+  (interactive (append (browse-url-interactive-arg "Mosaic URL: ")
+                       (list (not (eq (null browse-url-new-window-p)
+                                      (null current-prefix-arg))))))
+  (open-network-stream "browse-url" " *browse-url*"
+                       "localhost" browse-url-CCI-port)
+  ;; Todo: start browser if fails
+  (process-send-string "browse-url"
+                       (concat "get url (" url ") output "
+                               (if new-window "new" "current") "\r\n"))
+  (process-send-string "browse-url" "disconnect\r\n")
+  (delete-process "browse-url"))
+
+(defun browse-url-iximosaic (url)
+  "Ask the IXIMosaic WWW browser to load URL.
+Default to the URL around or before point."
+  (interactive (browse-url-interactive-arg "IXI Mosaic URL: "))
+  (start-process "tellw3b" nil "tellw3b"
+                 "-service WWW_BROWSER ixi_showurl " url))
+
+(defun browse-url-w3 (url)
+  "Ask the w3 WWW browser to load URL.
+Default to the URL around or before point."
+  (interactive (browse-url-interactive-arg "W3 URL: "))
+  (w3-fetch url))
+
+(provide 'browse-url)
+
+;;; browse-url.el ends here