path: root/itcl/iwidgets/demos/html/hierarchy.n.html

<TITLE>hierarchy - Create and manipulate a hierarchy widget</TITLE>
<H1>hierarchy - Create and manipulate a hierarchy widget</H1>

</pre><H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
<B>hierarchy<I> <I>pathName </I>?<I>options</I>?
</pre><H2>INHERITANCE</H2>
itk::Widget &lt;- Labeledwidget &lt;- Scrolledwidget &lt;- Hierarchy
</pre><H2>STANDARD OPTIONS</H2>
<P>
<table cellpadding=5>
<td valign=top>
<B>activeBackground</B><br>
<B>cursor</B><br>
<B>highlightThickness</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>activeForeground</B><br>
<B>disabledForeground</B><br>
<B>relief</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>background</B><br>
<B>foreground</B><br>
<B>selectBackground</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>borderWidth</B><br>
<B>highlightColor</B><br>
<B>selectForeground</B><br>
</td>
</table>
<P>
See the <A HREF="http://www.sco.com/Technology/tcl/man/tk_man/options.n.html"> "options" </A> manual entry for details on the standard options.
</pre><H2>ASSOCIATED OPTIONS</H2>
<P>
<table cellpadding=5>
<td valign=top>
<B>activeRelief</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>elementBorderWidth</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>jump</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>troughColor</B><br>
</td>
</table>
<P>
See the <A HREF="http://www.sco.com/Technology/tcl/man/tk_man/scrollbar.n.html"> "scrollbar" </A> widget manual entry for details on the above
associated options.
<P>
<table cellpadding=5>
<td valign=top>
<B>spacing1</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>spacing2</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>spacing3</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>tabs</B><br>
</td>
</table>
<P>
See the <A HREF="http://www.sco.com/Technology/tcl/man/tk_man/text.n.html"> "text" </A> widget manual entry for details on the above
associated options.
</pre><H2>INHERITED OPTIONS</H2>
<P>
<table cellpadding=5>
<td valign=top>
<B>labelBitmap</B><br>
<B>labelPos</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>labelFont</B><br>
<B>labelText</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>labelImage</B><br>
<B>labelVariable</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>labelMargin</B><br>
</td>
</table>
<P>
See the <A HREF="labeledwidget.n.html"> "labeledwidget" </A> class manual entry for details on the inherited options.
</pre><H2>WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS</H2>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>alwaysQuery</B>
Class:                  <B>AlwaysQuery</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-alwaysquery</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Boolean flag which tells the hierarchy widget weather or not
each refresh of the display should be via a new query using
the command value of the -querycommand option or use the values 
previous found the last time the query was made.  The default
is no.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>closedIcon</B>
Class:                  <B>Icon</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-closedicon</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the name of an existing closed icon image to be used in the 
hierarchy before those nodes that are collapsed.  Should one not be 
provided, then a folder icon will be generated, pixmap if possible, 
bitmap otherwise.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>expanded</B>
Class:                  <B>Expanded</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-expanded</B>
</pre>
<UL>
When true, the hierarchy will be completely expanded when it
is first displayed.  A fresh display can be triggered by
resetting the -querycommand option.  The default is false.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>filter</B>
Class:                  <B>Filter</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-filter</B>
</pre>
<UL>
When true only the branch nodes and selected items are displayed.
This gives a compact view of important items.  The default is false.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>height</B>
Class:                  <B>Height</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-height</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the height of the hierarchy as an entire unit.
The value may be specified in any of the forms acceptable to 
<B>Tk_GetPixels</B>.  Any additional space needed to display the other
components such as labels, margins, and scrollbars force the hierarchy
to be compressed.  A value of zero along with the same value for 
the width causes the value given for the visibleitems option 
to be applied which administers geometry constraints in a different
manner.  The default height is zero.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>iconCommand</B>
Class:                  <B>Command</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-iconcommand</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies a command to be executed upon user selection via mouse button
one of any additional icons given in the values returned by the command
associated with the -querycommand option.  If this command contains "%n", 
it is replaced with the name of the node the icon belongs to.  Should it 
contain "%i" then the icon name is  substituted.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>markBackground</B>
Class:                  <B>Foreground</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-markbackground</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the background color to use when displaying marked nodes.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>markForeground</B>
Class:                  <B>Background</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-markforeground</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the foreground color to use when displaying marked nodes.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>menuCursor</B>
Class:                  <B>Cursor</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-menucursor</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the mouse cursor to be used for the item and background 
menus.  The value may have any of the forms accept able to Tk_GetCursor.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>nodeIcon</B>
Class:                  <B>Icon</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-nodeicon</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the name of an existing node icon image to be used in the 
hierarchy before those nodes that are leafs.  Should one not be provided, 
then a dog-eared page icon will be generated, pixmap if possible, bitmap 
otherwise.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>openIcon</B>
Class:                  <B>Icon</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-openicon</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the name of an existing open icon image to be used in the 
hierarchy before those nodes that are expanded.  Should one not be provided, 
then an open folder icon will be generated, pixmap if possible, bitmap 
otherwise.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>queryCommand</B>
Class:                  <B>Command</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-querycommand</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the command executed to query the contents of each node.  If this 
command contains "%n", it is replaced with the name of the desired 
node.  In its simpilest form it should return the children of the 
given node as a list which will be depicted in the display.
Since the names of the children are used as tags in the underlying 
text widget, each child must be unique in the hierarchy.  Due to
the unique requirement, the nodes shall be reffered to as uids 
or uid in the singular sense.  The format of returned list is
</UL>
<UL>
  {uid [uid ...]}
</UL>
<UL>
  where uid is a unique id and primary key for the hierarchy entry
</UL>
<UL>
Should the unique requirement pose a problem, the list returned
can take on another more extended form which enables the 
association of text to be displayed with the uids.  The uid must
still be unique, but the text does not have to obey the unique
rule.  In addition, the format also allows the specification of
additional tags to be used on the same entry in the hierarchy
as the uid and additional icons to be displayed just before
the node.  The tags and icons are considered to be the property of
the user in that the hierarchy widget will not depend on any of 
their values.  The extended format is
</UL>
<UL>
  {{uid [text [tags [icons]]]} {uid [text [tags [icons]]]} ...}
</UL>
<UL>
  where uid is a unique id and primary key for the hierarchy entry
        text is the text to be displayed for this uid
        tags is a list of user tags to be applied to the entry
        icons is a list of icons to be displayed in front of the text
</UL>
<UL>
The hierarchy widget does a look ahead from each node to determine
if the node has a children.  This can be cost some performace with
large hierarchies.  User's can avoid this by providing a hint in
the user tags.  A tag of "leaf" or "branch" tells the hierarchy
widget the information it needs to know thereby avoiding the look
ahead operation.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>hscrollMode</B>
Class:                  <B>ScrollMode</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-hscrollmode</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the the display mode to be used for the horizontal
scrollbar: <B>static, dynamic,</B> or <B>none</B>.  In static mode, the 
scroll bar is displayed at all times.  Dynamic mode displays the
scroll bar as required, and none disables the scroll bar display.  The 
default is static.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>sbWidth</B>
Class:                  <B>Width</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-sbwidth</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the width of the scrollbar in any of the forms
acceptable to <B>Tk_GetPixels</B>.  
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>scrollMargin</B>
Class:                  <B>Margin</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-scrollmargin</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the distance between the text portion of the hierarchy and 
the scrollbars in any of the forms acceptable to <B>Tk_GetPixels</B>.  The 
default is 3 pixels.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>textBackground</B>
Class:                  <B>Background</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-textbackground</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the background color for the text portion of the hierarchy in 
any of the forms acceptable to <B>Tk_GetColor</B>.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>textFont</B>
Class:                  <B>Font</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-textfont</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the font to be used in the text portion of the hierarchy.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>visibleitems</B>
Class:                  <B>VisibleItems</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-visibleitems</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the widthxheight in characters and lines for the hierarchy.
This option is only administered if the width and height options
are both set to zero, otherwise they take precedence.  The default value
is 80x24.  With the visibleitems option engaged, geometry constraints 
are maintained only on the text portion of the hierarchy.  The size of 
the other components such as 
labels, margins, and scroll bars, are additive and independent, 
effecting the overall size of the hierarchy.  In contrast,
should the width and height options have non zero values, they
are applied to the hierarchy as a whole.  The hierarchy 
is compressed or expanded to maintain the geometry constraints.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>vscrollMode</B>
Class:                  <B>ScrollMode</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-vscrollmode</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the the display mode to be used for the vertical
scrollbar: <B>static, dynamic,</B> or <B>none</B>.  In static mode, the 
scroll bar is displayed at all times.  Dynamic mode displays the 
scroll bar as required, and none disables the scroll bar display.  The 
default is static.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>width</B>
Class:                  <B>Width</B>
Command-Line Switch:	<B>-width</B>
</pre>
<UL>
Specifies the width of the hierarchy as an entire unit.
The value may be specified in any of the forms acceptable to 
<B>Tk_GetPixels</B>.  Any additional space needed to display the other
components such as labels, margins, and scrollbars force the text portion
of the hierarchy
to be compressed.  A value of zero along with the same value for 
the height causes the value given for the visibleitems option 
to be applied which administers geometry constraints in a different
manner.  The default width is zero.
</UL>
<P>
</pre><HR>

</pre><H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
<P>
The <B>hierarchy</B> command creates a hierarchical data view widget.  
It allows the graphical management of a a list of nodes that can be
expanded or collapsed.  Individual nodes can be highlighted.
Clicking with the right mouse button on any item brings up a
special item menu.  Clicking on the background area brings up
a different popup menu.  Options exist to provide user control over
the loading of the nodes and actions associated with node selection.
Since the hierarchy is based on the scrolledtext widget, it includes
options to control the method in which the scrollbars are displayed, 
i.e. statically or  dynamically.  Options also exist for adding a 
label to the hierarchy and controlling its position.

</pre><H2>METHODS</H2>
<P>
The <B>hierarchy</B> command creates a new Tcl command whose
name is <I>pathName</I>.  This
command may be used to invoke various
operations on the widget.  It has the following general form:
<pre>
<I>pathName option </I>?<I>arg arg ...</I>?
</pre>
<I>Option</I> and the <I>arg</I>s
determine the exact behavior of the command.  The following
commands are possible for hierarchy widgets:
</pre><H2>ASSOCIATED METHODS</H2>
<P>
<table cellpadding=5>
<td valign=top>
<B>bbox</B><br>
<B>dlineinfo</B><br>
<B>insert</B><br>
<B>tag</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>compare</B><br>
<B>dump</B><br>
<B>scan</B><br>
<B>window</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>debug</B><br>
<B>get</B><br>
<B>search</B><br>
<B>xview</B><br>
</td>
<td valign=top>
<B>delete</B><br>
<B>index</B><br>
<B>see</B><br>
<B>yview</B><br>
</td>
</table>
<P>
See the <A HREF="http://www.sco.com/Technology/tcl/man/tk_man/text.n.html"> "text" </A> manual entry for details on the standard methods.

</pre><H2>WIDGET-SPECIFIC METHODS</H2>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>cget</B> <I>option</I>
</I></B>
<DD> Returns the current value of the configuration option given
by <I>option</I>.
<I>Option</I> may have any of the values accepted by the <B>hierarchy</B>
command.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>clear</B>
</I></B>
<DD> Removes all items from the hierarchy display including all tags and icons.  
The display will remain empty until the -filter or -querycommand 
options are set.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>collapse</B> <I>uid</I>
</I></B>
<DD> Collapses the hierarchy beneath the node with the specified unique id by 
one level.  Since this can take a moment for large hierarchies, the 
cursor will be changed to a watch during the collapse.  Also, if any
of the nodes beneath the node being collapsed are selected, their
status is changed to unselected.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName</I> <B>configure</B> ?<I>option</I>? ?<I>value option value ...</I>?
</I></B>
<DD> Query or modify the configuration options of the widget.
If no <I>option</I> is specified, returns a list describing all of
the available options for <I>pathName</I> (see <B>Tk_ConfigureInfo</B> for
information on the format of this list).  If <I>option</I> is specified
with no <I>value</I>, then the command returns a list describing the
one named option (this list will be identical to the corresponding
sublist of the value returned if no <I>option</I> is specified).  If
one or more <I>option-value</I> pairs are specified, then the command
modifies the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s);  in
this case the command returns an empty string.
<I>Option</I> may have any of the values accepted by the <B>hierarchy</B>
command.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>current</B>
</I></B>
<DD> Returns the tags for the node that was most recently selected by the 
right mouse button when the item menu was posted.  Usually used by the code
in the item menu to figure out what item is being manipulated.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>draw</B> ?<I>when</I>?
</I></B>
<DD> Performs a complete redraw of the entire hierarchy.  When may be either -now
or -eventually where the latter means the draw can be performed after idle.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>expand</B> <I>uid</I>
</I></B>
<DD> Expands the hierarchy beneath the node with the specified unique id by
one level.  Since this can take a moment for large hierarchies, the cursor 
will be changed to a watch during the expansion.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>mark</B> <I>option ?arg arg ...?</I>
</I></B>
<DD> This command is used to manipulate marks which is quite similar to 
selection, adding a secondary means of hilighting an item in the 
hierarchy.  The exact behavior of the command depends on the 
<I>option</I> argument that follows the <B>mark</B> argument.  The 
following forms of the command are currently supported:
</DL>
<UL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>mark clear</B>
</I></B>
<DD> Clears all the currently marked nodes in the hierarchy.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>mark add <I>uid </I>?<I>uid uid ...</I>?
</I></B>
<DD> Marks the nodes with the specified uids in the hierarchy using the 
<B>-markbackground</B> and <B>-markforeground</B> options and without
affecting the mark state of any other nodes that were already 
marked.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>mark remove <I>uid </I>?<I>uid uid ...</I>?
</I></B>
<DD> Unmarks the nodes with the specified uids in the hierarchy without
affecting the mark state of any other nodes that were already 
marked.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>mark get</B>
</I></B>
<DD> Returns a list of the unique ids that are currently marked.
</DL>
</UL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>refresh</B> <I>uid</I>
</I></B>
<DD> Performs a redraw of a specific node that has the given uid.  If the node
is not currently visible or in other words already drawn on the text,
then no action is taken.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>prune</B> <I>uid</I>
</I></B>
<DD> Removes the node specified by the given uid from the hierarchy.  Should 
the node have children, then all of its children will be removed as well.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>selection</B> <I>option </I>?<I>arg arg ...</I>?
</I></B>
<DD> This command is used to manipulate the selection of nodes in the
hierarchy.  The exact behavior of the command depends on the 
<I>option</I> argument that follows the <B>selection</B> argument.  The 
following forms of the command are currently supported:
</DL>
<UL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>selection clear</B>
</I></B>
<DD> Clears all the currently selected nodes in the hierarchy.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>selection add <I>uid </I>?<I>uid uid ...</I>?
</I></B>
<DD> Selects the nodes with the specified uids in the hierarchy using the 
<B>-selectionbackground</B> and <B>-selectionforeground</B> options and without
affecting the selection state of any other nodes that were already 
selected.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>selection remove <I>uid </I>?<I>uid uid ...</I>?
</I></B>
<DD> Deselects the nodes with the specified uids in the hierarchy without
affecting the selection state of any other nodes that were already 
selected.
</DL>
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>selection get</B>
</I></B>
<DD> Returns a list of the unique ids that are currently selected.
</DL>
</UL>
A nodes selection status is also dependent on it being visible.  If a 
node is selected and its parent is then collapsed making the selected
node not visible, then its selection status is changed to unselected.
<DL>
<DT> <I>pathName <B>toggle</B> <I>uid</I>
</I></B>
<DD> Toggles the hierarchy beneath the node with the specified unique id.  If 
the hierarchy is currently expanded, then it is collapsed, and vice-versa.

</DL>
</pre><H2>COMPONENTS</H2>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>list</B>
Class:                  <B>Text</B>
</pre>
<UL>
The list component is the text widget in which the hierarchy is displayed.
See the <A HREF="http://www.sco.com/Technology/tcl/man/tk_man/text.n.html"> "text" </A> widget manual entry for details on the text component item.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>bgMenu</B>
Class:                  <B>Menu</B>
</pre>
<UL>
The bgMenu component is the popup menu which is displayed upon pressing
the right mouse button in the background, i.e. not over a specific node.  Menu
items can be added along with their commands via the component command.  
See the "menu" widget manual entry for details on the bgMenu component item.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>horizsb</B>
Class:                  <B>Scrollbar</B>
</pre>
<UL>
The horizsb component is the horizontal scroll bar.  See the "scrollbar" 
widget manual entry for details on the horizsb component item.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>itemMenu</B>
Class:                  <B>Menu</B>
</pre>
<UL>
The itemMenu component is the popup menu which is displayed upon selection
of a hierarchy node with the right mouse button.  Menu items can be 
added along with their commands via the component command.  See the "menu" 
widget manual entry for details on the itemMenu component item.
</UL>
<P>
<pre>
Name:                   <B>vertsb</B>
Class:                  <B>Scrollbar</B>
</pre>
<UL>
The vertsb component is the vertical scroll bar.  See the "scrollbar" widget 
manual entry for details on the vertsb component item.
</UL>
</table>

</pre><H2>EXAMPLE</H2>
<pre>
proc get_files {file} {
    global env

    if {$file == ""} {
        set dir $env(HOME)
    } else {
        set dir $file
    }

    if {[catch {cd $dir}] != 0} {
        return ""
    }

    set rlist ""

    foreach file [lsort [glob -nocomplain *]] {
        lappend rlist [list [file join $dir $file] $file]
    }

    return $rlist
}

hierarchy .h -querycommand "get_files %n" -visibleitems 30x15 \
    -labeltext $env(HOME)
pack .h -side left -expand yes -fill both
</pre>
</pre><H2>AUTHORS</H2>
Mark L. Ulferts
<P>
Michael J. McLennan
</pre><H2>KEYWORDS</H2>
hierarchy, text, widget