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authorJohn Yani <vanuan@gmail.com>2010-08-12 19:54:55 +0300
committerAvery Pennarun <apenwarr@gmail.com>2010-10-21 12:24:51 -0700
commit7f86ff0fe292a5061757f3ceaffdd992c5feaa9f (patch)
tree93e7b10cd8c531a90f4127e6cd0a56382f7373d0
parent11f1511e7650a78709d0d7198bb150cd5392d9d1 (diff)
downloadgit-7f86ff0fe292a5061757f3ceaffdd992c5feaa9f.tar.gz
docs: Description, synopsys, options and examples changes.
Description: Made the difference from submodules and the subtree merge strategy clearer. Synopsys and options: Synchronize with 'git subtree -h' output. I hope, properly. Examples: Added example descriptions in captions. Small fixes. Signed-off-by: John Yani <vanuan@gmail.com>
-rw-r--r--git-subtree.txt112
1 files changed, 69 insertions, 43 deletions
diff --git a/git-subtree.txt b/git-subtree.txt
index a30293d607..18a9af501f 100644
--- a/git-subtree.txt
+++ b/git-subtree.txt
@@ -3,50 +3,55 @@ git-subtree(1)
NAME
----
-git-subtree - add, merge, and split subprojects stored in subtrees
+git-subtree - Merge subtrees together and split repository into subtrees
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
-'git subtree' add --prefix=<prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
-'git subtree' pull --prefix=<prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
-'git subtree' push --prefix=<prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
-'git subtree' add --prefix=<prefix> <refspec>
-'git subtree' merge --prefix=<prefix> <refspec>
-'git subtree' split --prefix=<prefix> <refspec...>
-
+'git subtree' add -P <prefix>|--prefix=<prefix> <commit>
+'git subtree' pull -P <prefix>|--prefix=<prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
+'git subtree' push -P <prefix>|--prefix=<prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
+'git subtree' merge -P <prefix>|--prefix=<prefix> <commit>
+'git subtree' split -P <prefix>|--prefix=<prefix> [OPTIONS] [<commit>]
+
DESCRIPTION
-----------
-git subtree allows you to include a subproject in your
-own repository as a subdirectory, optionally including the
-subproject's entire history. For example, you could
-include the source code for a library as a subdirectory of your
-application.
-
-You can also extract the entire history of a subdirectory from
-your project and make it into a standalone project. For
-example, if a library you made for one application ends up being
-useful elsewhere, you can extract its entire history and publish
-that as its own git repository, without accidentally
-intermingling the history of your application project.
+Subtrees allow subprojects to be included within a subdirectory
+of the main project, optionally including the subproject's
+entire history.
-Most importantly, you can alternate back and forth between these
-two operations. If the standalone library gets updated, you can
+For example, you could include the source code for a library
+as a subdirectory of your application.
+
+Subtrees are not to be confused with submodules, which are meant for
+the same task. Unlike submodules, subtrees do not need any special
+constructions (like .gitmodule files or gitlinks) be present in
+your repository, and do not force end-users of your
+repository to do anything special or to understand how subtrees
+work. A subtree is just a subdirectory that can be
+committed to, branched, and merged along with your project in
+any way you want.
+
+They are neither not to be confused with using the subtree merge
+strategy. The main difference is that, besides merging
+of the other project as a subdirectory, you can also extract the
+entire history of a subdirectory from your project and make it
+into a standalone project. Unlike the subtree merge strategy
+you can alternate back and forth between these
+two operations. If the standalone library gets updated, you can
automatically merge the changes into your project; if you
update the library inside your project, you can "split" the
changes back out again and merge them back into the library
project.
-Unlike the 'git submodule' command, git subtree doesn't produce
-any special constructions (like .gitmodule files or gitlinks) in
-your repository, and doesn't require end-users of your
-repository to do anything special or to understand how subtrees
-work. A subtree is just another subdirectory and can be
-committed to, branched, and merged along with your project in
-any way you want.
+For example, if a library you made for one application ends up being
+useful elsewhere, you can extract its entire history and publish
+that as its own git repository, without accidentally
+intermingling the history of your application project.
+[TIP]
In order to keep your commit messages clean, we recommend that
people split their commits between the subtrees and the main
project as much as possible. That is, if you make a change that
@@ -128,20 +133,29 @@ OPTIONS
--debug::
Produce even more unnecessary output messages on stderr.
+-P <prefix>::
--prefix=<prefix>::
Specify the path in the repository to the subtree you
- want to manipulate. This option is currently mandatory
+ want to manipulate. This option is mandatory
for all commands.
+-m <message>::
+--message=<message>::
+ This option is only valid for add, merge and pull (unsure).
+ Specify <message> as the commit message for the merge commit.
-OPTIONS FOR add, merge, AND pull
---------------------------------
+
+OPTIONS FOR add, merge, push, pull
+----------------------------------
--squash::
+ This option is only valid for add, merge, push and pull
+ commands.
+
Instead of merging the entire history from the subtree
project, produce only a single commit that contains all
the differences you want to merge, and then merge that
new commit into your project.
-
+
Using this option helps to reduce log clutter. People
rarely want to see every change that happened between
v1.0 and v1.1 of the library they're using, since none of the
@@ -169,6 +183,8 @@ OPTIONS FOR add, merge, AND pull
OPTIONS FOR split
-----------------
--annotate=<annotation>::
+ This option is only valid for the split command.
+
When generating synthetic history, add <annotation> as a
prefix to each commit message. Since we're creating new
commits with the same commit message, but possibly
@@ -184,12 +200,16 @@ OPTIONS FOR split
-b <branch>::
--branch=<branch>::
+ This option is only valid for the split command.
+
After generating the synthetic history, create a new
branch called <branch> that contains the new history.
This is suitable for immediate pushing upstream.
<branch> must not already exist.
--ignore-joins::
+ This option is only valid for the split command.
+
If you use '--rejoin', git subtree attempts to optimize
its history reconstruction to generate only the new
commits since the last '--rejoin'. '--ignore-join'
@@ -198,6 +218,8 @@ OPTIONS FOR split
long time.
--onto=<onto>::
+ This option is only valid for the split command.
+
If your subtree was originally imported using something
other than git subtree, its history may not match what
git subtree is expecting. In that case, you can specify
@@ -210,6 +232,8 @@ OPTIONS FOR split
this option.
--rejoin::
+ This option is only valid for the split command.
+
After splitting, merge the newly created synthetic
history back into your main project. That way, future
splits can search only the part of history that has
@@ -231,8 +255,8 @@ OPTIONS FOR split
subproject's history to be part of your project anyway.
-EXAMPLE 1
----------
+EXAMPLE 1. Add command
+----------------------
Let's assume that you have a local repository that you would like
to add an external vendor library to. In this case we will add the
git-subtree repository as a subdirectory of your already existing
@@ -251,8 +275,8 @@ We now have a ~/git-extensions/git-subtree directory containing code
from the master branch of git://github.com/apenwarr/git-subtree.git
in our git-extensions repository.
-EXAMPLE 2
----------
+EXAMPLE 2. Extract a subtree using commit, merge and pull
+---------------------------------------------------------
Let's use the repository for the git source code as an example.
First, get your own copy of the git.git repository:
@@ -312,22 +336,24 @@ the standard gitweb:
git log gitweb-latest..$(git subtree split --prefix=gitweb)
-EXAMPLE 3
----------
+EXAMPLE 3. Extract a subtree using branch
+-----------------------------------------
Suppose you have a source directory with many files and
subdirectories, and you want to extract the lib directory to its own
git project. Here's a short way to do it:
First, make the new repository wherever you want:
- <go to the new location>
- git init --bare
+
+ $ <go to the new location>
+ $ git init --bare
Back in your original directory:
- git subtree split --prefix=lib --annotate="(split)" -b split
+
+ $ git subtree split --prefix=lib --annotate="(split)" -b split
Then push the new branch onto the new empty repository:
- git push <new-repo> split:master
+ $ git push <new-repo> split:master
AUTHOR